TMAG Annual Report 2008-09
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Convict Labour and Colonial Society in the Campbell Town Police District: 1820-1839
Convict Labour and Colonial Society in the Campbell Town Police District: 1820-1839. Margaret C. Dillon B.A. (Hons) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D.) University of Tasmania April 2008 I confirm that this thesis is entirely my own work and contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis. Margaret C. Dillon. -ii- This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. Margaret C. Dillon -iii- Abstract This thesis examines the lives of the convict workers who constituted the primary work force in the Campbell Town district in Van Diemen’s Land during the assignment period but focuses particularly on the 1830s. Over 1000 assigned men and women, ganged government convicts, convict police and ticket holders became the district’s unfree working class. Although studies have been completed on each of the groups separately, especially female convicts and ganged convicts, no holistic studies have investigated how convicts were integrated into a district as its multi-layered working class and the ways this affected their working and leisure lives and their interactions with their employers. Research has paid particular attention to the Lower Court records for 1835 to extract both quantitative data about the management of different groups of convicts, and also to provide more specific narratives about aspects of their work and leisure. -
Cascades Female Factory South Hobart Conservation Management Plan
Cascades Female Factory South Hobart Conservation Management Plan Cascades Female Factory South Hobart Conservation Management Plan Prepared for Tasmanian Department of Environment, Parks, Heritage and the Arts April 2008 Table of contents Table of contents i List of figures iii List of Tables v Project Team vi Acknowledgements vii Executive Summary ix 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background to project 2 1.2 History & Limitations on Approach 2 1.3 Description 3 1.4 Key Reports & References 4 1.5 Heritage listings & controls 12 1.6 Site Management 13 1.7 Managing Heritage Significance 14 1.8 Future Management 15 2.0 Female Factory History 27 2.1 Introduction 27 2.2 South Hobart 28 2.3 Women & Convict Transportation: An Overview 29 2.4 Convict Women, Colonial Development & the Labour Market 30 2.5 The Development of the Cascades Female Factory 35 2.6 Transfer to the Sheriff’s Department (1856) 46 2.7 Burial & Disinterment of Truganini 51 2.8 Demolition and subsequent history 51 2.9 Conclusion 52 3.0 Physical survey, description and analysis 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Setting & context 56 3.3 Extant Female Factory Yards & Structures 57 3.4 Associated Elements 65 3.5 Archaeological Resource 67 3.6 Analysis of Potential Archaeological Resource 88 3.7 Artefacts & Movable Cultural Heritage 96 4.0 Assessment of significance 98 4.1 Introduction 98 4.2 Brief comparative analysis 98 4.3 Assessment of significance 103 5.0 Conservation Policy 111 5.1 Introduction 111 5.2 Policy objectives 111 LOVELL CHEN i 5.3 Significant site elements 112 5.4 Conservation -
An Evolving Phylogenetically Based Taxonomy of Lichens and Allied Fungi
Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 4-10. 2012. *pdf available online 3January2012 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) An evolving phylogenetically based taxonomy of lichens and allied fungi 1 BRENDAN P. HODKINSON ABSTRACT. – A taxonomic scheme for lichens and allied fungi that synthesizes scientific knowledge from a variety of sources is presented. The system put forth here is intended both (1) to provide a skeletal outline of the lichens and allied fungi that can be used as a provisional filing and databasing scheme by lichen herbarium/data managers and (2) to announce the online presence of an official taxonomy that will define the scope of the newly formed International Committee for the Nomenclature of Lichens and Allied Fungi (ICNLAF). The online version of the taxonomy presented here will continue to evolve along with our understanding of the organisms. Additionally, the subfamily Fissurinoideae Rivas Plata, Lücking and Lumbsch is elevated to the rank of family as Fissurinaceae. KEYWORDS. – higher-level taxonomy, lichen-forming fungi, lichenized fungi, phylogeny INTRODUCTION Traditionally, lichen herbaria have been arranged alphabetically, a scheme that stands in stark contrast to the phylogenetic scheme used by nearly all vascular plant herbaria. The justification typically given for this practice is that lichen taxonomy is too unstable to establish a reasonable system of classification. However, recent leaps forward in our understanding of the higher-level classification of fungi, driven primarily by the NSF-funded Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life (AFToL) project (Lutzoni et al. 2004), have caused the taxonomy of lichen-forming and allied fungi to increase significantly in stability. This is especially true within the class Lecanoromycetes, the main group of lichen-forming fungi (Miadlikowska et al. -
Negotiating Femininity in Nineteenth-Century Colonial Australia
"A Woman Doesn't Represent Business Here": Negotiating Femininity in Nineteenth-Century Colonial Australia Eleanor Conlin Casella Attempting to access services in Katherine, a tiny frontier town of Australia's Northern Territory, Mrs. Jeannie Gunn was consistently re/located in her moral feminine role with the firm reminder: "A Woman doesn't represent Business here" (Gunn 1908) Although Mrs. Gunn and "Mine Host" (the Hotel Manager) had their encounter in the farthest frontier of Outback Anglo-Australia, she still had no excuse to transcend morality by entering the masculine arena of business. In fact, the harsh conditions of the colonial frontier created enough threat to Victorian social order, that strict adherence to "the civilizing roles of genteel society" became a self-conscious performance, a means to lessen the ambiguities of bushlife (Sobel 1991). * * * Nineteenth-century Victorian England witnessed the birth of the "Ideal Woman." Developed within the socio-economically elite world of the British upper classes, this role effected gender relations around the world, as the British Empire spread cultural prescriptions throughout its colonies. The Victorian "Ideal Woman" became the template for defining and constructing concepts of "femininity," the blueprint for maintaining gender relations (Strobel 1991; Vicinus 1972). Bounded and carefully prescribed behavior defined the role of this ideal woman. She was essentially of the ruling classes, although less perfect versions of her existed throughout the social hierarchy. The Perfect Lady was high priestess in the infamous Victorian cult of domesticity: Once married, the perfect lady did not work; she had servants. She was mother only at set times of the day, even of the year; she left heirs in the hands of nannies and governesses. -
LISTING STATEMENT Ptunarra Brown Butterfly, Oreixencia Ptunarra Couchman 1953
THREATENED SPECIES LISTING STATEMENT Ptunarra Brown Butterfly, Oreixencia ptunarra Couchman 1953 Status Commonwealth Endangered Species Protection Act Illustration: Karen Richards 1.25 cm 1992…………………………...…………………...Not listed Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act 1995………………………………………………Vulnerable Description Northwest Plains The Ptunarra brown butterfly is a small brown and orange Central Plateau butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Three Eastern Highlands sub-species of the butterfly were described by Couchman Steppes (1953). O. p. roonina, from the Midlands, North-west Midlands Plains and lower Steppes is the largest of the three, with a wingspan of 30-33 mm. The white background colour in the male sometimes extends as bands across the wing. O. Known distribution p. angeli from the Eastern Highlands is intermediate in of the Ptunarra brown butterfly size to the other two races, with a wingspan of 27-29 mm. The background colour in the male is yellow, not white as in O. o. roonina. The Central Plateau form, O. p. Distribution and Habitat ptunarra, is the smallest and darkest, with a wing span of The Ptunarra brown butterfly is endemic to Tasmania and 25-26 mm with the cream background colour in the male restricted to five areas of the state: the Midlands, Steppes, appearing only as small spots. The females are similar in Northwest Plains, Eastern Highlands and the Central Plateau. size to the males but are distinctly different in colour. The female is light orange-yellow with faint light brown basal The range of the Ptunarra brown butterfly is determined by a areas and two short bars on the front margins of the fore variety of environmental factors. -
THE TASMANIAN HERITAGE FESTIVAL COMMUNITY MILESTONES 1 MAY - 31 MAY 2013 National Trust Heritage Festival 2013 Community Milestones
the NatioNal trust presents THE TASMANIAN HERITAGE FESTIVAL COMMUNITY MILESTONES 1 MAY - 31 MAY 2013 national trust heritage Festival 2013 COMMUNITY MILESTONES message From the miNister message From tourism tasmaNia the month-long tasmanian heritage Festival is here again. a full program provides tasmanians and visitors with an opportunity to the tasmanian heritage Festival, throughout may 2013, is sure to be another successful event for thet asmanian Branch of the National participate and to learn more about our fantastic heritage. trust, showcasing a rich tapestry of heritage experiences all around the island. The Tasmanian Heritage Festival has been running for Thanks must go to the National Trust for sustaining the momentum, rising It is important to ‘shine the spotlight’ on heritage and cultural experiences, For visitors, the many different aspects of Tasmania’s heritage provide the over 25 years. Our festival was the first heritage festival to the challenge, and providing us with another full program. Organising a not only for our local communities but also for visitors to Tasmania. stories, settings and memories they will take back, building an appreciation in Australia, with other states and territories following festival of this size is no small task. of Tasmania’s special qualities and place in history. Tasmania’s lead. The month of May is an opportunity to experience and celebrate many Thanks must also go to the wonderful volunteers and all those in the aspects of Tasmania’s heritage. Contemporary life and visitor experiences As a newcomer to the State I’ve quickly gained an appreciation of Tasmania’s The Heritage Festival is coordinated by the National heritage sector who share their piece of Tasmania’s historic heritage with of Tasmania are very much shaped by the island’s many-layered history. -
250 State Secretary: [email protected] Journal Editors: [email protected] Home Page
Tasmanian Family History Society Inc. PO Box 191 Launceston Tasmania 7250 State Secretary: [email protected] Journal Editors: [email protected] Home Page: http://www.tasfhs.org Patron: Dr Alison Alexander Fellows: Dr Neil Chick, David Harris and Denise McNeice Executive: President Anita Swan (03) 6326 5778 Vice President Maurice Appleyard (03) 6248 4229 Vice President Peter Cocker (03) 6435 4103 State Secretary Muriel Bissett (03) 6344 4034 State Treasurer Betty Bissett (03) 6344 4034 Committee: Judy Cocker Margaret Strempel Jim Rouse Kerrie Blyth Robert Tanner Leo Prior John Gillham Libby Gillham Sandra Duck By-laws Officer Denise McNeice (03) 6228 3564 Assistant By-laws Officer Maurice Appleyard (03) 6248 4229 Webmaster Robert Tanner (03) 6231 0794 Journal Editors Anita Swan (03) 6326 5778 Betty Bissett (03) 6344 4034 LWFHA Coordinator Anita Swan (03) 6394 8456 Members’ Interests Compiler Jim Rouse (03) 6239 6529 Membership Registrar Muriel Bissett (03) 6344 4034 Publications Coordinator Denise McNeice (03) 6228 3564 Public Officer Denise McNeice (03) 6228 3564 State Sales Officer Betty Bissett (03) 6344 4034 Branches of the Society Burnie: PO Box 748 Burnie Tasmania 7320 [email protected] Devonport: PO Box 587 Devonport Tasmania 7310 [email protected] Hobart: PO Box 326 Rosny Park Tasmania 7018 [email protected] Huon: PO Box 117 Huonville Tasmania 7109 [email protected] Launceston: PO Box 1290 Launceston Tasmania 7250 [email protected] Volume 29 Number 2 September 2008 ISSN 0159 0677 Contents Editorial ................................................................................................................ -
The Radiation of Satyrini Butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): A
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 64–87. With 8 figures The radiation of Satyrini butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a challenge for phylogenetic methods CARLOS PEÑA1,2*, SÖREN NYLIN1 and NIKLAS WAHLBERG1,3 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Peru 3Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland Received 24 February 2009; accepted for publication 1 September 2009 We have inferred the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis to date of butterflies in the tribe Satyrini. In order to obtain a hypothesis of relationships, we used maximum parsimony and model-based methods with 4435 bp of DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear genes for 179 taxa (130 genera and eight out-groups). We estimated dates of origin and diversification for major clades, and performed a biogeographic analysis using a dispersal–vicariance framework, in order to infer a scenario of the biogeographical history of the group. We found long-branch taxa that affected the accuracy of all three methods. Moreover, different methods produced incongruent phylogenies. We found that Satyrini appeared around 42 Mya in either the Neotropical or the Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental, and/or Indo-Australian regions, and underwent a quick radiation between 32 and 24 Mya, during which time most of its component subtribes originated. Several factors might have been important for the diversification of Satyrini: the ability to feed on grasses; early habitat shift into open, non-forest habitats; and geographic bridges, which permitted dispersal over marine barriers, enabling the geographic expansions of ancestors to new environ- ments that provided opportunities for geographic differentiation, and diversification. -
Science for Saving Species Research Findings Factsheet Project 2.1
Science for Saving Species Research findings factsheet Project 2.1 Butterflies on the brink: identifying the Australian butterflies most at risk of extinction In brief Background Terrestrial invertebrates and their Invertebrates are declining globally in high (greater than 30%) chance of habitats are increasingly threatened both diversity and abundance, with extinction. We also identified key by human disturbances, particularly potentially serious consequences threatening processes affecting habitat loss and fragmentation, for ecosystem functioning. Many these species (chiefly inappropriate invasive species, inappropriate fire Australian butterflies are imperilled fire regimes, habitat loss and regimes and climate change. or declining but few are listed fragmentation, invasive species and Continuing declines and extinctions for protection by legislation. climate change), and the research in native terrestrial invertebrate We identified the 26 Australian and management actions needed communities are likely to negatively butterflies at most immediate risk to save them. Mapping of the 26 affect ecosystem functioning. This is of extinction within a 20-year time butterflies’ distributions revealed that because invertebrates play a central frame. We found that one butterfly most are now found only in a single role in many ecological processes, is facing a greater than 90% chance state or territory and many occupy including pollination, herbivory, the of extinction in the next 20 years narrow ranges. Increased resourcing consumption of dead plant and (and may already be extinct), and and management intervention is animal matter, and nutrient cycling, four species have a moderate to required to avert future extinctions. as well as providing a good source of food for other animals. There is urgent need to explore the causes of these declines, and the implications for ecosystems and ecosystem services. -
A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families
A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families Miadlikowska, J., Kauff, F., Högnabba, F., Oliver, J. C., Molnár, K., Fraker, E., ... & Stenroos, S. (2014). A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 79, 132-168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 Elsevier Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10, -
MEDALS, BONDS, BANKNOTES and COINS | Knightsbridge, London | Thursday 19 November 2015 22781
MEDALS, BONDS, BANKNOTES AND COINS Thursday 19 November 2015 Knightsbridge, London MEDALS, BONDS, BANKNOTES AND COINS | Knightsbridge, London Thursday 19 November 2015 22781 MEDALS, BONDS, BANKNOTES AND COINS Thursday 19 November 2015 at 10.30am Knightsbridge, London BONHAMS ENQUIRIES IMPORTANT INFORMATION Montpelier Street John Millensted The United States Government Knightsbridge + 44 (0) 20 7393 3914 has banned the import of ivory London SW7 1HH [email protected] into the USA. Lots containing www.bonhams.com ivory are indicated by the symbol Fulvia Esposito Ф printed beside the lot number VIEWING + 44 (0) 20 7393 3917 in this catalogue. Tuesday 17 November 2015 [email protected] 9.00am – 4.30pm Wednesday 18 November 2015 PRESS ENQUIRIES 9.00am – 4.00pm [email protected] BIDS CUSTOMER SERVICES +44 (0) 20 7447 7447 Monday to Friday +44 (0) 20 7447 7401 fax 8.30am – 6pm To bid via the internet +44 (0) 20 7447 7447 please visit www.bonhams.com SALE NUMBER: Please note that bids should be 22781 submitted no later than 24 hours prior to the sale. CATALOGUE: £15 New bidders must also provide proof of identity when submitting LIVE ONLINE BIDDING IS bids. Failure to do this may result AVAILABLE FOR THIS SALE in your bids not being processed. Please email [email protected] Bidding by telephone will only be with “Live bidding” in the subject accepted on a lot with the excess line 48 hours before the auction of £500. to register for this service. Bonhams 1793 Limited Bonhams 1793 Ltd Directors Bonhams UK Ltd Directors Registered No. -
Intraspecific Body Size Variation in Macrolepidotera
7272 JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 61(2), 2007, 72–77 INTRASPECIFIC BODY SIZE VARIATION IN MACROLEPIDOPTERA AS RELATED TO ALTITUDE OF CAPTURE SITE AND SEASONAL GENERATION J. BOLLING SULLIVAN 200 Craven St., Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 U. S. A., [email protected] AND WILLIAM E. MILLER Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota 55108 U. S. A., [email protected] Abstract. As a proxy for body size, forewing lengths of individual geometrids and noctuids were measured with respect to altitude of capture site in five species in North Carolina and one in Costa Rica. Number of specimens ranged 48–373 per species, number of capture sites 2–15 per species, and site altitudes ranged 2–2209 m. Forewing length in all six species increased significantly with increasing altitude at rates of ≈ 0.3–≈ 1.1 mm/500 m. These relations held where investigated for both first and second annual generations and for both sexes even though second-generation individuals were smaller-bodied. Thus examples of Geometridae and Noctuidae are added to a list mainly of micromoths previously known to exhibit positive size–altitude relations. Some adaptive and nonadaptive body-size hypotheses are discussed as possible explanatory factors, but thus far no explanation is fully satisfactory. In contrast to measurement results in these six macromoths, other moths known to be widely dispersive appeared to display flat size–altitude relations, and published butterfly size–altitude data varied irregularly. Degree of dispersiveness is hypothesized as a condition to the manifestation of size–altitude phenomena in lepidopterans. Many more minimally dispersive moths will likely be found to increase in body size with increasing altitude.