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509 Bibliography and references 510 Aantaa R, A Kallio, J Kanto, H Scheinin, M Scheinin. Dexmedetomidine reduces thiopental anesthetic requirements in man. Anesthesiology (Suppl), 1989,71,253. Abboud TK, J Raya, R Noueihed, J Daniel. Intrathecal morphine for relief of labor pain in a parturient with severe pulmonary hypertension. Anesthesiology, 1983,59,477. Abboud TK, SM Shnider, PA Dailey, JA Raya, F Sarkis, NM Grobler, S Sadri, SS Khoo, B De Sousa, CL Baysinger, F Miller. Intrathecal administration of hyperbaric morphine for the relief of pain in labour. Brit J Anaesth, 1984, 56, 1351. (a) Abboud TK, U Goebelsmann, J Raya, DI Hoffman. Effect of intrathecal morphine during labor on maternal plasma beta-endorphin levels. Amer J Obstet Gynecol, 1984, 149,709. (b) Abboud TK, M Moore, J Zhu, K Murakawa, M Minehart, M Longhitano, J Terrasi, ID Klepper, Y Choi, S Kimbal. Epidural butorphanol for the relief of postoperative pain after cesarean section. Anesthesiology, 1986,65, A397. Abboud TK, M Moore, J Zhu, K Murakawa, M Minehart, M Longhitano, J Terrasi, ID Klepper, Y Choi, S Kimball, G Chu. Epidural butorphanol or morphine for the relief of post -cesarean section pain: ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide. Anesth Analg, 1987,66,887. Abboud TK. Mini-dose intrathecal morphine for analgesia following cesarean section. Anesthesi­ ology, 1988,69,805. Abboud TK, A Dror, P Mosaad, J Zhu, M Mantilla, F Swart, J Gangolly, P Silao, A Makar, J Moore, H Davis, J Lee. Mini-dose intrathecal morphine forthe relief of post-cesarean section pain: safety, efficacy, and ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide. Anesth Analg, 1988,67,137. Abboud TK, A Reyes, M Richardson, A Afrasiabi, L D'Onofrio, M Kalra, J Zhu et al. Epidural morphine or butorphanol augments bupivacaine analgesia during labor. Regional Anesthesia, 1989,14,115. Abboud TK, K Lee, M Chai, J Zhu, A Afrasiabi, M Mantilla, Z Steffens, S Edwards, M Dhillon. Prophylactic oral naltrexone with intrathecal morphine for cesarean section: effects on adverse reactions and analgesia. Anesthesiology (Suppl), 1989,71,836. Abdul-Rasool IH, J Hsieh, DS Ward, B Bloor. The respiratory effects of the alpha-2 agonist, dexmedetomidine in unanesthetized dogs. Anesthesiology (Suppl), 1989,71,1092. Abou Hatem R, P Hendrickx, C Nicaise, M Titeca, I Elfunas. A new totally implantable device for epidural drug delivery. In: W Erdmann, TOyama, MJ Pernak (Eds.): Pain Clinic I, VNU Science Press, Utrecht, 1985, 293. Abouleish E, MA Barmada, EM Nemoto, A Tung, P Winter. Acute and chronic effects of intrathecal morphine in monkeys. Brit J Anaesth, 1981,53,1027. Abouleish E, N Rawal, K Fallon, D Hernandez. Combined intrathecal morphine and bupivacaine for cesarean section. Anesthesiology, 1987,67, A619. Abouleish E. Apnoea associated with the intrathecal administration of morphine in obstetrics. Brit J Anaesth, 1988,60,592. (a) Abouleish E, N Rawal, K Fallon, D Hernandez. Combined intrathecal morphine and bupivacaine for cesarean section. Anesth Analg, 1988, 67, 370. (b) Abouleish EI, ES Hanley, SM Palmer. Can epidural fentanyl control autonomic hyperreflexia in a quadriplegic parturient? Anesth Analg, 1989,68,523. Acalovschi I, V Ene, E Uirinczi, F Nicolaus. Saddle block with pethidine for perineal operations. Brit J Anaesth, 1986,58, 1012. (a) Acalovschi I, N Secas, F Nicolaus, M Fleseru. Pethidine versus xylocaine as sole intrathecal anaesthetic. VII Eur Congress of Anaesth, 1986, Vienna (Austria), Report, Abstract Nr 648. (b) Acalovschi 1. Herpes simplex after spinal pethidine. Anaesthesia, 1986, 41, 1271. (c) Ackerman E, J Chrubasik, M Weinstock, E Wi.insch. Effect of intrathecal somatostatin on pain threshold in rats. Schmerz-Pain-Douleur, 1985,6,41. 511 Ackennann WE, MM Juneja. Should epidural fentanyl be given for labor and delivery in a patient with severe pulmonary hypertension. Anaesthesiology, 1988,69,284. Ackennan WE, MM Juneja, GW Colclough, DM Kaczorowski. Epidural fentanyl significantly decreases nausea and vomiting during uterine manipulation in awake patients undergoing cesarean section. Anaesthesiology, 1988,69 (Suppl), A 679. Ackennan WE, MM Juneja, DM Kaczorowski, GW Colclough. A comparison of the incidence of pruritus following epidural opioid administration in post cesarean section patients. Regional Anesthesia, 1989, 14 (Suppl), 14. Ackennan WE, MM Juneja, GW Colclough, DM Kaczorowski. Epidural lipophilic opioids significantly decrease nausea and emesis during uterine manipulation in awake patients under­ going cesarean section. Regional Anesthesia, 1989, 14 (Supp!), 23. Ackennan WE, MM Iuneja, GW Colclough, 1M Guiler, DS Guiler. A comparison of epidural fentanyl, buprenorphine and butorphanol for the management of post-cesarean section pain. Anaesthesiology Review, 1989, 16, 37. Ackennan WE, MM Juneja, DM Kaczorowski, GW Colclough. A comparison of the incidence of pruritus following epidural opioid administration in the parturient. Can I Anaesth, 1989,36,388. Adriaensen H. Personal communication, 1988. Adu-Gyamfi Y, H Farag, M Naguib. Anaesthesia with continuous thiopentone infusion, epidural morphine and relaxant. I Int Med Res, 1983, 11, 222. Advokat C. Evidence of place conditioning after chronic intrathecal morphine in rats. Phannacol Biochem Behav, 1985,22,271. Ahlgren FI, MB Ahlgren. Epidural administration of opiates by a new device. Pain, 1987,31,353. Ahmad S, D Hawes, S Dooley, E Faure, EA Brunner. Intrathecal morphine in a parturient with a single ventricle. Anaesthesiology, 1981,54,515. Ahn NN, D Karambelkar, G Cannelli, TE Rudy. Epidural alfentanil and bupivacaine for analgesia during labor. Anaesthesiology (Suppl), 1989,71,845. Ahuja B. Analgesic effects of intrathecal ketamine in rats. Brit I Anaesth, 1983,55,991. Ahuja B, L Strunin. Ventilatory effects of epidural fentanyl. Can Anaesth Soc I, 1985,32, S77. (a) Ahuja BR, L Strunin. Respiratory effects of epidural fentanyl. Changes in end-trial C02 and respiratory rate following single doses and continuous infusions of epidural fentanyl. Anaesthe­ sia, 1985,40,949. (b) Akennan B, E Arwestrom, C Post. Local anesthetics potentiate spinal morphine antinociception. Anaesth Analg, 1988,67,943. Akil H, DI Mayer, IC Liebeskind. Antagonism of stimulation-produced analgesia by naloxone, a narcotic antagonist. Science, 1976, 191,961. Albright G. Epidural morphine, hydromorphone and meperidine for post cesarean - section pain relief, utilizing a respiratory apnea monitor. Anaesthesio1ogy, 1983,59, A416. Alexander I, AMS Black. Comparing extradural and i.v. diamorphine and buprenorphine after abdominal surgery. Brit J Anaesth, 1984, 56, 1283P. Ali MNK, P Conard, M Peterson. A new England survey on the use of epidural opioids for postoperative pain. Anaesthesiology (Supp!), 1989,71,705. Ali NMK. Hyperalgic response in a patient receiving high concentrations of spinal morphine. Anaesthesiology, 1986,65,449. Ali NMK, N Hanna, JS Hoffman. Percutaneous epidural catheterization for intractable pain in tenninal cancer patients. Gynecologic oncology, 1989,32,22. Allen PD, A T Walman, DJ Cullen, M Shesky, K Patterson, B Covino. The effects of epidural morphine on post operative analgesia. Anaesthesiology, 1982,57, A199 Allen PD, T Walman, M Concepcion, M Sheskey, MK Patterson, D Cullen, BG Covino. Epidural 512 morphine provides postoperative pain relief in peripheral vascular and orthopedic surgical patients. Anesth Analg, 1986,65, 165. Allinson RR, PE Stach. Intrathecal drug therapy. Drug Intel Clin Pharm, 1978, 12,347. Alper MH. Intrathecal morphine: A new method of obstetric analgesia? Anesthesiology, 1979,51, 378. Amaki Y, 0 Nagano, C Sugimoto, K Kobayashi. Trial of double lumen epidural catheter for clinical anesthesia. Anesthesiology, 1982,57, A181. Amiot JF, JH Palacci, C Vedrenne, M Pellegrin. Toxicite medullaire de l'acethyl salycylate de lysine et du chlorhydrate de ketamine administres par voie intrathecale chez Ie rat. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim, 1986, 5, 462. Andelman RJ. Implementing a full-service epidural narcotics programm in a 1~O-bed community hospital. Regional Anesthesia, 1987, 12, 108. Andersen HB, A Engquist, Be Jl'lrgensen. Pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine after epidural application. In: Nordic Symposium on Temgesic Meda, Copenhagen, 1981, 84. Andersen HB, BC Jl'lrgensen, A Engquist. Epidural met-enkephalin (FK 33-824). A dose-effect study. Acta Anaesth Scand, 1982,26,69. (a) Andersen HB, 0 Benveniste, L Bitsch-Larsen, P Carl, M Crawford, M Djemes, J Eriksen, AM Grell, H Henriksen, E Jansen, H Kaalund- Jl'lrgensen, L Laugesen, C Ll'lnholdt, P Neumann, JE Pedersen, J Wolff. Langtidsbehandling med epidurale opiater. Ugeskr Laeger, 1982, 144,2633. (b) Andersen HB. Opiate kinetics after epidural and spinal application. In: JJ Bonica et al. (Eds.): Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, Raven Press, New York, 1983,477. Andersen HB, J Eriksen. Paintreatment on long term basis, using extradural opiates. World Congress on Pain, Seattle, 1984. Andersen HB, J Eriksen, J Kjaergard. Totally implanted access port for epidural injections. Lancet, 1985,1,511. Andersen HB. Mode of action and long term use of spinal opioids II Int Symposium: The Pain Clinic, 1986, Lille (France). (a) Andersen HB. Experiences in long term treatment with epidural opiates and future trends. In: A Weindl, DW Coombs (Eds.): Proceedings, Int Symposium "Spinal Analgesia": A new approach of cancer pain, Spinger Verlag, 1986. (b) Andersen HB, J Kjaergard, J Eriksen. Subcutaneously implanted injection system for epidural administration. Acta Anaesth Scand, 1986,30,473.
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