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# Orpheus and the Furies & The Fates GREEK CLASSICS Narration Infinite Fates, beloved children of the dark night, Orpheus, his hair whitened, returned to his homeland, Listen to my prayers, Thrace, and no one ever heard him grieve again over You with the many names death. But he had turned harsh towards life and could who live at the fringes of Yannis not endure paying homage to the Maenads of Thrace Heaven’s lake, so as to pour clear water who filled the valleys with grape-vines and their With a strike of a toe’s nail immodest odes. And because he despised and shunned over a cave with beautiful stones, shady, MARKOPOULOS them, they killed him. Then everything became a wave greasy and wet. on the white sea, echoings of the shipwrecked on dark You have flown to the infinite land shores. of mortal souls. The Liturgy of Orpheus

$ The Muses of Pieria * The Temple of Orpheus on ancient Orphic poems Daughters of Mnemosyne and Zeus Narration José Van Dam, Bass-baritone Muses of Pieria, far-famed. No one on Mount Olympus ever forgot Orpheus. In his feeders of soul homeland and on the spot where he died there was a Elena Kelessidi, Soprano • Philip Sheffield, Narrator givers of right judgement temple with his wooden idol. guiding queens of the mighty mind. When Alexander the Great was preparing his Flanders Opera Chorus and Symphony Orchestra Cleo and Euterpe and Thalia expedition, Orpheus’ wooden idol shed sweat and tears. and Melpomene and Terpsichore The poets interpreted this correctly: the achievements and Erato and Polymnia of Alexander would remain without a chronicler. Edwig Abrath and Ourania and Calliope This was the last trace of Orpheus in the whirlpool of with their mighty and pure mother. history. The spirit of the prophet-musician ran in the blood of % In the Manner of Love the Hellenes everywhere. They worshipped him as they later did Christ and accepted him like medicine or ^ O Physis – Hymn to Nature poison. But never again did a rock move on Olympus. Even if a O Physis, O Nature storm moves a huge boulder at night, Apollo returns it Mother of all, resourceful Mother of all to its original place. heavenly, most reverend. O Physis, Mother of all ( Paean – Epilogue may you bring peace, health, growth of all O Physis, O Physis PAEAN, Paean, Paean Mother of all Phoebus Apollo fearless goddess. Titan, Titan, Titan fiery bearer of light Come, come, come. Seer, leader of the Muses.

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Yannis Markopoulos (b. 1939) 7 Hyperion 9 Eurydice Awaits The Liturgy of Orpheus Narration Eurydice, Eurydice, Orpheus’ music will bring you to The composer Yannis Markopoulos was born in 1939 in its rapid dances of repeated small motifs, played by Sun, Hyperion, harken to our words and reveal the dawn from the deep darkness. All the flowers blossom Heraklion, Crete. From one of the old families of the local instruments at the town’s weekly festivities, but at sweetness of life. with a cool caress. Orpheus’ song is the immortal island – his father was an attorney and later the Prefect – the same time the sound of the waves, and the water. he spent his childhood in the seaside town of Ierapetra. detonation of land-mines in the aftermath of World War Hyperion, Hyperion In the deep darkness love shows the way and Eurydice The Byzantine liturgy heard regularly from the church II, all these formed part of the accoustic universe of the Heavenly light, Heavenly light, is waiting for the light and Orpheus. Eurydice, Eurydice opposite his family home, Cretan traditional music, with composer as a child. He took his first lessons in music genitor of dawn on the right, … The sun is waging war and the sound gives the soul; theory and the violin at the local conservatory and genitor of night on the left. the trees, the sea and the rivers resurrect life. played the clarinet in the municipal band. Meanwhile Hyperion, Hyperion other musical experiences of decisive importance were you mark the right works, 0 Love has come classical music as well as the music of the wider Eastern youth who feeds the seasons, Mediterranean and, most important of all, that of nearby ruler of the world Love has come, it has come into our hearts, it came into Egypt, which he heard either over the radio or from ever flourishing, immaculate. our souls. Love came just now. The love of the musicians and travellers passing through his hometown. father of time, Hellenes came. Thanks to his father’s extensive private library he had master of Cosmos, immortal When Orpheus came, crowned with flowers, love came, the opportunity to deepen his knowledge, beyond school Hyperion, Hyperion it came again just now, into our souls came the love of education, in literature, philosophy, history and the arts. heavenly light, heavenly light. the Hellenes. All the children run to the corner. All the He began composing music during his adolescence and children light a fire, the fire of love, the fire of dew two melodies of this time would later become songs that 8 Orpheus in Hades upon the flowers in the fields and in the universe. have enjoyed great popularity throughout Greece. Brothers of the Hellenes, the Hellenes’ love, love came, In 1956 Markopoulos moved to Athens to further Narration it came again just now, the love of the Hellenes is in his music studies at the Athens Conservatory under the Orpheus loved Eurydice and he was loved by Eurydice our souls. composer Yiorgos Sklavos and the violin teacher Joseph above everything mortal. While nature was preparing Love has come. Bustidui, while studying philosophy and sociology at their harmonious union, a little snake bit the nymph. the Panteion University. While a student he composed She died and descended to the Underworld. ! Curetes – Corybants music for the theatre, for the cinema and for dance For Orpheus it was the end of the world he knew. How performances. When he was 24 he was awarded the could he restore his love back to the light? Curetes with your copper cymbals. Music Prize of the Thessaloniki Film Festival for Nikos Orpheus wandered far and wide and reached the Immortal Curetes, Koundouros’ film Young Aphrodites and subsequently Underworld, his lyre his only weapon. feeders of souls, feeders of seasons. his works Theseus (dance-drama), Hiroshima (ballet The souls were soothed by the heavenly strains of his Lords Curetes, suite) and Three Dance Sketches were performed by music. Persephone, the embittered goddess, yielded and guides Curetes, avant-garde dance groups. In 1967 a military allowed Orpheus to return to the light with his beloved. feeders of souls, feeders of seasons dictatorship was imposed in Greece. Markopoulos left But there was one condition: Eurydice should see the heavenly Curetes for London, where he enriched his knowledge under the back of her beloved until she ascended to light, and not guides Curetes English composer Elizabeth Lutyens, while his his face. approachable Curetes. acquaintance with the composers Janis Christou and Then near the exit Orpheus yielded and looked back to Iannis Xenakis played an important rôle in the see the shadow that followed him. Immediately, @ Bacchic Dance deepening of his contact with the most pioneering Eurydice turned into what she had always been: musical figures. In London he composed the secular unrecognisable and invisible. cantata Ilios o Protos (Sun the First) on the poetry of

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The Liturgy of Orpheus 5 Hymn to the Sky Odysseus Elytis (Nobel Prize 1979) and completed the selection of the indestructible sources of our living musical ceremony Idou o Nymphios, a work the traditions in combination with selected contemporary art Selection of poems and two original verses (Nos. 9 & 10) Narration composer still wishes to keep unreleased with the forms and elements”: the outcome was an exceptionally by the composer. Narrative texts translated from the In the time of Orpheus, two generations before the exception of one part, the song Zavara-Katra-Nemia, a original sound emerging from the unique tone colours Greek: Panos Theodoridis (b. 1948) Trojan War, there were two distinct ways of living: vocal composition of Dionysian character, that was stemming from the unaccustomed blends of instruments those who lived a life of travel on the sea and those who released in 1966 and became one of his best known and voices. In 1976 he composed the popular liturgy 1 Orpheus on Olympus did not travel but lived out their lives with the storm pieces. Also in London he composed Chroismoi The Free Besieged, based on the poem by Greece’s and the herds and with stone weapons, fearful of every (Oracles) for symphony orchestra and the Pyrrichioi national poet Dionysius Solomos, that he conducted in 2 Paean – Ode to Apollo turn of the weather. Dances A, B, C (the first three of the 24 Dances he the crowded Panathenean Stadium, and which was completed in 2001) that were performed in 1968 by the presented in London in 1979. In 1977 he composed the Narration Heaven genitor, Heaven genitor, Cosmos’ father London Concertante Orchestra at the Queen Elizabeth music for the BBC television series Who Pays the Orpheus was born in a shadowy place at the foot of Mount like a ball you rotate Hall. During the same year he was commissioned to Ferryman? The musical theme topped the British charts Olympus. He travelled to foreign lands at a young age and, around the earth write the music for Shakespeare’s The Tempest for months and gained the composer international when he returned, he had a lyre, a gift from Apollo. Cosmos’ father. performed by the English National Theatre and directed renown. Numerous invitations for concerts abroad Heaven genitor by David Jones. In 1969 Markopoulos returned to followed, in Paris, Berlin, Frankfurt, Munich, PAEAN, Paean, Paean beginning of all and end of all. Athens with a musical vision that would not only Amsterdam, Stockholm, Canada, Russia, Australia and Phoebus Apollo Heavenly and terrestial guard change the course of music in Greece but would also the United States. Markopoulos continued composing Titan, Titan, Titan of everything you surround. lend immediate moral support to the general demand for music for the theatre and for the cinema, collaborating fiery bearer of light Heaven genitor. Heaven genitor. restoration of democracy, the struggle being led with directors such as Jules Dassin, George Cosmatos, Come, come, come. primarily by university students and intellectuals. He Nikos Koundouros and Spyros Evaggelatos. Through Seer, leader of the Muses. 6 Hymn to the Sea founded a new and highly distinctive musical ensemble his work Yannis Markopoulos did much to shape the which included Greek local instruments. Thus the piano musical landscape of the 1970s. 3 The Lyre in the hands of Orpheus Narration was combined with the lyre for the first time, while he In 1980 Markopoulos married the singer Vassiliki The sea-faring people needed music so that their ships also added instruments of his own invention, Lavina, his long-time associate, and in 1981 his Narration would glide over the waves. They were sped on their particularly among the percussion, with the intention of daughter Eleni was born. For a period he sought a more In Orpheus’s hands, the lyre became one with nature. It way by the creaking and the rhythmic beat of the oars. enriching the variety of sounds. He then selected young private life with his family while preparing for the enchanted the animals, it enchanted the plants of the earth. musicians, singers and actors, from both the city and the opening of a new chapter in his music, compositions I am calling the bright eyes of Tithis (Sea) provinces, and collaborating with painters and poets he that would display melodic outbursts sustained by 4 Gaia, Mother Earth the Bride of the ocean. presented a series of performances with his musical polytonic quality and dazzling rhythms of an The queen of blue veils. works Ilios o Protos (Sun the First), Chroniko inexhaustible exuberance. In 1987 he founded the Gaia, goddess, Mother of Man. Raising the waves with your light winds. (Chronicle), Ithagenia (Nativeland), Thitia (Lifetime), Palintonos Armonia Orchestra (the name deriving from Bench of the immortal world, Caressing the earth. Stratis Thalassinos Among the Agapanthi (poetry by Heraclitus) with which he would give concerts in Fruit-bearer. Rejoicing in the ships travelling your water paths. George Seferis, Nobel Prize 1963), Oropedio (Mountain Greece and abroad and record many of his works. The Gaia, goddess, delighted by rain, Hark, oh Reverend Mother of Venus. Plain) at the Lydra venue which he named music-studio. works of this period include the Concerto-Rhapsody for around you, there is the highly Mother of the darkest clouds. His most fervent supporters were indeed the students Lyre and Symphony Orchestra, Mitroa for string wrought cosmos of the stars. Hark, oh Reverend and intellectuals who filled the music-studio daily, orchestra, the Healing Symphony, two oratorios, two Gaia, goddess, Mother Mother of all the fountains of nymphs despite the constant interventions of the regime that song cycles, chamber music works, four quartets, two Earth, abundant with water. Hark, oh Reverend. would constantly attempt to shut it down. The sonatas, and five pieces for violin and piano. In 1994 he you bring fulfilment composer’s vision had materialised and a new musical composed one of his most important works The Liturgy you destroy everything. wave had been born which he termed “Return to the of Orpheus. There followed Re-Naissance: Crete Gaia goddess, Mother Roots”. He defined it as “a project for the future between Venice and Constantinople, a musical journey Earth. involving the process of examination, evaluation and in four units that strikes a balance between the opera

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form and that of the oratorio, and the opera Erotokritos establishes a superb balance between the voices, the Edwig Abrath and Areti. In 1999 he composed Shapes in Motion, a choir, the orchestra and the narrator. Its intellectual piano concerto inspired by Pythagoras and dedicated to content remains far removed from the religious themes Edwig Abrath studied at the Royal Flemish Conservatory of his daughter Eleni. Some of his latest works are Evilia of conventional oratorios while venturing beyond with Antwerp (Belgium) and at the conservatory in Maastricht Topia (Sunlit Landscapes), fantasy for solo flute; O the enrichment of multiple elements that revitalise the (Holland). He took master-classes in France, Germany and Nomos tis Thalporis, oratorio-musical spectacle for myth of the prophet musician, Orpheus, and also hint at Austria (Vienna). Conductor and composer, he has worked voices, choir, wind orchestra, ballet and video Plato’s dictum “just as we have exercise for the body, so with the Royal Flanders Philharmonic, Il Novecento, and the projection, dedicated to the environment; and Triptych for the soul we have music”. The form is structured Emanon Ensemble, among others, and toured widely in for Flute, Strings and Harp. upon the hymns, the chorales, the instrumental parts, the Europe, Canada, the United States, South America and duets, the songs, and the narration that has the rôle of an Australia. Edwig Abrath has also participated in several The Liturgy of Orpheus intermedio. The symphony orchestra is made up of recordings. Apart from regular concerts, he also works in the strings, wind (without horns and bassoons), harp, piano area of popular music with musicians including Clouseau, Markopoulos began the composition of The Liturgy of and percussion, while including in certain parts a guitar, Axelle Red, Florent Pagny and the famous ‘Night of the Orpheus, based on ancient Orphic poems, in 1992, a lute, a kanonaki and a lyre. The narrative sections are Proms’. Edwig Abrath teaches at the Royal Flemish aiming in his new work to meet the deep aspirations of mainly accompanied by a harp, the composer’s intention Conservatory of Antwerp and at the Art Grammar School. the sensitive human being who fervently seeks the here being the creation of a rhapsodic mood, while restoration of the natural environment. For the text he occasionally two flutes also play, perhaps as an allusion selected sentences, phrases and even single words from to the diaulos, extending their participation into the the surviving fragments and, “inspired by the eloquent Hymn to the Sea. The polyphony of the chorales silence of ancient texts”, as the composer has expressed conveys the composer’s personal style and appears in it, he worked assiduously at the composition of the most parts of the work repeating the melodic lines of the work, completing first the six parts Orpheus on soloists, and independently as, for example, in Gaia, Olympus, Paean – Ode to Apollo, Gaia, Mother Earth, Mother Earth. Hyperion, Oh Physis – Hymn to Nature, Curetes – The Liturgy of Orpheus had its première in 1994 at Corybants, and some time later Eurydice Awaits and the Palais des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, Belgium. On 7th Love Has Come, the latter two on verses of his own, as July 2005 the world-renowned bass-baritone José Van well as the Bacchic Dance. He then added the narrative Dam sang the work in ancient Greek at the Hellenic sections, written by Panos Theodoridis, and in 1993 he Festival in the Herod Atticus Theatre. The concert was completed the Liturgy with the addition of Hymn to the one of the season’s most outstanding events and led to Sky, Hymn to the Sea, The Muses of Pieria, and In the this new recording of the Liturgy. Manner of Love. In the Liturgy, a work whose contours are rich in melodies, rhythms and tone colours, the orchestration Alexandros Stoupakis

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Flanders Opera Symphony Orchestra José Van Dam

The Flanders Opera World-renowned in concert, opera and recital, José van Dam is one of the most Symphony Orchestra was distinguished interpreters of the bass-baritone repertoire. Recent seasons include formed in early 1989 after a appearances in Janáãek’s From The House of the Dead at the Teatro Real in Madrid, series of auditions for an a new production of Prokofiev’s The Love for Three Oranges at the Paris Opéra, international jury. The Claudius in Hamlet at the Grand Théâtre de Genève, in Pelléas et Mélisande (as orchestra made its début in Golaud) at the Metropolitan Opera, the title-rôle of Boris Godunov at La Monnaie, 1989 in a concert featuring the St François d’Assise (Messiaen) in Paris, La Damnation de Faust, Traviata and mezzo-soprano Agnes Baltsa Louise. His busy career also includes appearances throughout Europe and the United in Ghent City Hall. Since then States. The art of José van Dam can be heard on an extensive discography. Among the orchestra has performed his award-winning recordings are Gounod’s Faust, Enescu’s Oedipe, Massenet’s numerous successful opera Don Quichotte, and Pelléas et Mélisande with Claudio Abbado for Deutsche productions such as a complete Grammophon. He can be heard as Figaro in The Marriage of Figaro, in Carmen and Puccini cycle, a Janáãek cycle Die Meistersinger with Sir Georg Solti, Berlioz’s Roméo et Juliette with the Boston (both directed by Robert Symphony led by Seiji Ozawa, and Simon Boccanegra with Claudio Abbado and the Carsen) and Wagner’s Ring Orchestra of La Scala. Other releases include Mozart’s Così fan tutte and Strauss’s directed by Ivo Van Hove. The orchestra has also performed several twentieth-century operas and several world Salome with the Vienna Philharmonic, and many recordings with Herbert von premières, including Les Liaisons dangereuses by Piet Swerts, Achilleus by Wim Henderickx, Richard III by Giorgio Karajan and the Berlin Philharmonic, including Beethoven’s Fidelio and Ninth Symphony, Brahms’s German Battistelli and La Strada, based on Fellini, by the Flemish composer Luc Van Hove. Music directors of the Flanders Requiem, Bruckner’s Te Deum, Mozart’s Requiem and Coronation Mass, Debussy’s Pelléas et Mélisande, and Opera Symphony Orchestra have included Rudolf Werthen, Stefan Soltesz, Marc Minkowski, Massimo Zanetti and Wagner’s Parsifal. He has received the German Music Critics’ Prize, Gold Medal of the Belgian Press, Grand Prix Ivan Törzs. Silvio Varviso was permanent guest conductor at the Flanders Opera from 1993 until 2006. The Flanders de l’Académie Française du Disque, the Orphée d’Or of the Académie Lyrique Française in 1980 and 1994, the Opera Symphony Orchestra frequently performs under guest conductors, including Ingo Metzmacher, Simone European Critics’ Prize for St François d’Assise, and the French Diapason d’Or and Prix de la Nouvelle Académie Young, Elgar Howarth, Graeme Jenkins, Pinchas Steinberg, Roy Goodman, Imre Palló, Jos van Immerseel, Evelino du Disque. His video recording of Schubert’s Winterreise has been released by Disques Forlane. Pidó, Bernhard Kontarsky, Jean-Claude Casadesus, Andreas Spering, Michael Hofstetter, Luca Pfaff and Paolo Carignani. Elena Kelessidi

Born in Kazakhstan of Greek parentage, Elena Kelessidi first appeared in Greece as Konstanze (Die Entführung aus dem Serail) at the Greek National Opera. Since then she has sung at the Royal Opera House as Violetta (La Traviata), the Queen of Shemakha (The Golden Cockerel), Cleopatra (Giulio Cesare), Mimì (La bohème), Luisa (Luisa Miller), Giulietta (I Capuleti ed i Montecchi), Liù (Turandot), Amina (La sonnambula), Antonia (Les Contes d’Hoffmann) and Marguerite (Faust). She has also sung at the State Operas of Munich, Berlin, Hamburg, Vienna, at Opéra-Bastille, the Metropolitan Opera, and in New York, Zürich, Amsterdam, and Tokyo. She has worked with Menuhin, Domingo, Nagano, Chailly and others.

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Philip Sheffield Flanders Opera Chorus

Philip Sheffield studied at Cambridge University and then the Guildhall School of The Flanders Opera Chorus was Music and Drama and the Royal College of Music Opera Course before making his founded in 1989 and was professional début as a soloist in L’incoronazione di Poppea for the Brussels opera subsequently conducted by in the Théâtre de la Monnaie. He sang Tom Rakewell in Robert Lapage’s new Peter Burian, Simon Halsey, production of The Rake’s Progress at La Monnaie in Brussels. He then made his La Andrew Wise and Kurt Scala, Milan, début in Robert Carsen’s controversial production of Candide. He Bikkembergs. Peter Burian took the leading tenor rôle in Jonathan Dove’s new opera Kwasi and Kwame for OT undertook the task of forming a Rotterdam, and sang Eisenstein in semi-staged performances of Die Fledermaus at professional opera and concert the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam and Salle Flagey in Brussels with the Vlaamse chorus, and on his appointment Radio Orchestra. He also sang in Haydn’s Die Schöpfung in Florence, Siena and as chorus master at the Vienna Perugia with the Orchestra della Toscana. In 2008 he made his début in Lisbon at State Opera in 1991, Simon the Opera São Carlo singing The Prince, a leading rôle in Das Märchen by Halsey was appointed his Emmanuel Nunes. He then appeared at Het Muziek Theater in Amsterdam for more successor. Halsey led the performances of Kwasi and Kwame. Other engagements include his Japanese début chorus in such highlights as singing Orlando in Haydn’s Orlando in Tokyo, the rôle of Dr Caius in Falstaff for Parsifal, Der fliegende the Vlaamse Opera, Alonso in Thomas Adès’ The Tempest at the Concertgebouw Holländer, La rondine, and and a return to the Opéra du Rhin in Strasbourg for Richard III by Battistelli. Turandot, as well as a memorable performance of Britten’s War Requiem. Peter Burian later returned to Flanders Opera for a successful second tenure. From 2002 the Arielle Valibouse Belgian conductor and composer Kurt Bikkembergs has been chorus director, conducting world premières of Les Liaisons Dangereuses (Piet Swerts) and Richard III (Giorgio Battistelli), the Belgian première of Le Grand The French harpist Arielle Valibouse was born in Grenoble and went to Macabre (Ligeti), and, among other works, Fidelio, Il Trittico, Ariodante, JenÛfa, Carmen, Nabucco and Les Paris to continue her studies. She won the first prize in harp and chamber Pêcheurs de perles. The Flanders Opera chorus covers a wide variety of styles, from baroque, Mozart, Verdi and music at the Paris Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique in 1977 Wagner to twentieth-century repertoire. The chorus has worked with guest conductors including Celso Antunes, and 1978. For many years now, she has been principal harpist at the Georg Leopold, Jan Vuye and Jef Smits. Flemish Opera in Antwerp and Ghent, and established a harp school at the Ghent Conservatory. She is also a regular guest teacher at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki. Arielle Valibouse performs in Belgium and abroad as a guest soloist with various chamber music ensembles. Her interest in different musical cultures has led her to form a harp duo with Jacques Vandevelde, associating the classical harp with the South American harp. Photo: Frank Goethals

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Philip Sheffield Flanders Opera Chorus

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Flanders Opera Symphony Orchestra José Van Dam

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C 8.570789 8.570957 S CMYK NAXOS NAXOS In his lavishly scored oratorio The Liturgy of Orpheus Yannis Markopoulos combines fragments of Orphic poems with a narrative text by Panos Theodoridis to create a work brimming with melodies, rhythms and instrumental tone colours, including those of guitar, lute, kanonaki, lyre, harp and piano, beside full symphony orchestra, chorus, soloists and narrator. Inspired by “the eloquent GREEK CLASSICS silence of ancient texts”, The Liturgy of Orpheus is a remarkable song of the earth that revitalises the MARKOPOULOS: MARKOPOULOS: myth of the prophet-musician for those who seek the restoration of the natural environment. 8.572235 Yannis DDD Playing Time MARKOPOULOS 64:15 (b. 1939) The Liturgy of Orpheus 1 I. Orpheus on Olympus 1:55 ! XI. Curetes – Corybants 1, 5 2:37 2 II. Paean – Ode to Apollo 1, 3, 5 3:53 @ XII. Bacchic Dance 3:20 The Liturgy of Orpheus The Liturgy of Orpheus 3 III. The Lyre in the # XIII. Orpheus and the Furies 3 1:09 3 Hands of Orpheus 1:10 $ XIV. The Muses of Pieria 1, 5 3:29 4 IV. Gaia, Mother Earth 5 5:23 % XV. In the Manner of Love 4 2:45 5 V. Hymn to the Sky 1, 3, 5 5:10 ^ 6 VI. Hymn to the Sea 2, 3, 5 3:48 XVI. Oh Physis – 1, 2, 5 7 1, 3, 5 Hymn to Nature 4:40 VII. Hyperion 4:06 www.naxos.com Made in Germany Booklet notes in English 1, 2 8 VIII. Orpheus in Hades 3 2:16 & XVII. The Fates 3:39 & 9 2, 5 * XVIII. The Temple of Orpheus 3 1:48

IX. Eurydice Awaits 4:40 0 X. Love Has Come 1, 5 5:12 ( XIX. Paean – Epilogue 1, 5 3:16 2009 Naxos Rights International Ltd. José Van Dam, Bass-baritone 1 • Elena Kelessidi, Soprano 2 Philip Sheffield, Narrator 3 • Arielle Valibouse, Harp Marc Grauwels, Flute 4 • Flanders Opera Chorus 5 Flanders Opera Symphony Orchestra • Edwig Abrath English translations of the sung texts are included in the booklet, and may also be accessed, with the original Greek texts, at www.naxos.com/libretti/572235.htm 8.572235 Recorded at Studio Steurbaut, Ghent, Belgium, from 19th to 21st September, 2007 8.572235 Publisher: Elliniki Dimiourgia • Producer: Eleni Markopoulou (Elliniki Dimiourgia) Engineers: Steven Maes and Gilbert Steurbaut • Mixing, editing and mastering: Steven Maes (Serendipitous Classical Recordings and Mastering Services) Cover painting by Dimitris Mytaras (b. 1934) (by kind permission)