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The Quaternary History of Cumberland Sound, Southeastern Baffin Island

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The Quaternary History of Cumberland Sound, Southeastern Baffin Island Document generated on 09/27/2021 8:48 a.m. Géographie physique et Quaternaire The Quaternary History of Cumberland Sound, Southeastern Baffin Island: The Marine Evidence Le Quaternaire de la baie de Cumberland, au sud-est de l’île de Baffin : les données marines Die Quaternärgeschichte der Bucht von Cumberland im Südosten der Baffin-lnsel: Die marinen Belege Anne E. Jennings Volume 47, Number 1, 1993 Article abstract Acoustic and core data from Cumberland Sound show that glacial ice derived URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/032929ar from the Foxe Sector (Amadjuak Dome) of the Laurentide Ice Sheet advanced DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/032929ar to the continental shelf at the mouth of the sound during a late phase of the Foxe Glaciation. The basal lithofacies/acoustic unit (Ai/BUD) in the sound is a See table of contents massive, black diamicton. On the basis of strati-graphic, acoustic, lithologie and faunal evidence, this unit is interpreted as till. The till is overlain by an ice proximal to ice distal glacial-marine sediment sequence termed the Davis Strait Publisher(s) Silt (DSS). The influence of ice retreat is reflected in the foraminiferal assemblages of the DSS. Rapid sedimentation rates in the sound prevailed Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal during deposition of the DSS as shown by the conformable geometry of the DSS. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry dates on molluscs and foraminifera and a ISSN single conventional 14C date on disseminated organic material from ice proximal sediment of the DSS (lithofacies B and lower lithofacies C) indicate 0705-7199 (print) that the ice retreated rapidly from its probable maximum position on the shelf 1492-143X (digital) no earlier than ca. 13,400 BP and into the fiords along the coast of the sound by ca. 8900 BP. Deposition of ice-distal glacial marine sediments (lower lithofacies Explore this journal D) continued in the sound until ca. 7600 BP as the ice margin rapidly retreated into the fiords. Between ca. 8900 BP and ca. 8000 BP, the foraminiferal fauna show that the influence of glacial ice is remote and that "Atlantic Water" Cite this article impinges on the seafloor. Postglacial sedimentation began in the sound at ca. 7600 BP. Retreat of the ice margin onto land made the fiord basins available as Jennings, A. E. (1993). The Quaternary History of Cumberland Sound, sediment catchments. The reduced sedimentation rates in the sound during Southeastern Baffin Island: The Marine Evidence. Géographie physique et this interval are indicated by the change to onlapping basin fill geometry of the Quaternaire, 47(1), 21–42. https://doi.org/10.7202/032929ar Tiniktartuq Silt and Clay (TS&C). Calcareous foraminifera disappear from the sediments by ca. 6300 BP and are replaced by agglutinated foraminifera reflecting "Arctic Water" conditions at the seafloor. The TS&C is presently being deposited in the sound. Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1993 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 1993, vol. 47, n° 1, p. 21-42, 11 fig., 3 tabl. THE QUATERNARY HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND SOUND, SOUTHEASTERN BAFFIN ISLAND: THE MARINE EVIDENCE Anne E. JENNINGS, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, Campus Box 450, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Acoustic and core data from RÉSUMÉ Le Quaternaire de la baie de ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Quater- Cumberland Sound show that glacial ice Cumberland, au sud-est de l'île de Baffin: les nârgeschichte der Bucht von Cumberland im derived from the Foxe Sector (Amadjuak données marines. Les données acoustiques Sûdosten der Baffin-lnsel: Die marinen Dome) of the Laurentide Ice Sheet advanced ou issues des forages en provenance de la Belege. Akustische und durch Bohrungen to the continental shelf at the mouth of the baie de Cumberland démontrent que la gewonnene Daten von der Cumberland- sound during a late phase of the Foxe glace du secteur de Foxe (dôme Bucht zeigen, daB glaziales Eis vom Foxe- Glaciation. The basal lithofacies/acoustic d'Amadjuak) de l'Inlandsis laurentidien est Sektor (Amadjuak Dom) der laurentischen unit (Ai/BUD) in the sound is a massive, parvenue sur le plateau continental, à l'em­ Eisdecke zur kontinentalen Plattform am black diamicton. On the basis of strati- bouchure de la baie, au cours d'une phase Mund der Bucht wàhrend einer spàten graphic, acoustic, lithologie and faunal evi­ tardive de la Glaciation de Foxe. L'unité de Phase der Foxe-Vereisung vordrang. Die an dence, this unit is interpreted as till. The till is base est un diamicton massif noir identifiée der Basis befindliche Lithofazies/akustische overlain by an ice proximal to ice distal comme étant un till. Le till est recouvert par Einheit (Ai/BUD) in der Bucht ist ein mas­ glacial-marine sediment sequence termed une séquence de sédiments glacio-marins sives schwarzes Diamikton. Auf der Grund- the Davis Strait Silt (DSS). The influence of proximaux et distaux appelée SiIt de Davis lage von stratigraphischen, akustischen, ice retreat is reflected in the foraminiferal Strait. Le retrait glaciaire a eu des consé­ lithologischen und Fauna-Belegen wird assemblages of the DSS. Rapid sedimenta­ quences sur la nature des assemblages de dièse Einheit als Till interpretiert. Das Till tion rates in the sound prevailed during dep­ wird von einer Sequenz glaziomariner Eis- osition of the DSS as shown by the conform­ foraminifères dans le SiIt de Davis Strait. Des able geometry of the DSS. Accelerator Mass taux rapides de sédimentation ont caracté­ proximal bis Eis-distal-Sedimente ûber- Spectrometry dates on molluscs and foram- risé le dépôt de ce silt comme le montre sa lagert, welche Davis Strait Silt (DSS) inifera and a single conventional 14C date on géométrie concordante. Les datations obte­ genannt wird. Der EinfluB des Eisrùckzugs disseminated organic material from ice prox­ nues par accélérateur de particules sur les spiegelt sich in den Foraminiferen-Einhèiten imal sediment of the DSS (lithofacies B and mollusques et les foraminifères et une data­ des DSS. Schnelle Sedimentierungsraten 14 lower lithofacies C) indicate that the ice tion au C conventionnelle sur du matériel herrschten in der Bucht wàhrend der retreated rapidly from its probable maximum organique disséminé dans le sédiment de Ablagerung des DSS vor, wie aus der gleich position on the shelf no earlier than ca. contact glaciaire du SiIt montre que la glace gelagerten Géométrie des DSS ersichtlich. 13,400 BP and into the fiords along the coast s'est retirée rapidement à partir de sa posi­ Durch Teilchenbeschleuniger gewonnene of the sound by ca. 8900 BP. Deposition of tion maximale probable sur le plateau conti­ Daten auf Mollusken und Foraminiferen und ice-distal glacial marine sediments (lower nental, à partir d'environ 13 400 BP, pour eine einzelne konventionelle 14C-Datierung lithofacies D) continued in the sound until ca. s'écouler dans les fjords le long de la côte auf verstreutem organischem Material von 7600 BP as the ice margin rapidly retreated vers 8900 BP. Le dépôt des sédiments dem proximalen Eissediment des DSS into the fiords. Between ca. 8900 BP and ca. glacio-marins distaux s'est poursuivi dans la (Lithofazies B und niedrigere Lithofazies C) 8000 BP, the foraminiferal fauna show that baie jusque vers 7600 BP, alors que la zeigen, daB das Eis sich rasch von seiner the influence of glacial ice is remote and that marge glaciaire se retirait rapidement vers wahrscheinlichen maximalen Position auf "Atlantic Water" impinges on the seafloor. les fjords. Entre 8900 BP et environ der Plattform nicht vor etwa 13,400 v.u.Z. Postglacial sedimentation began in the 8000 BP, l'influence des glaciers s'est peu zurùckzog und in die Fjorde entlang der sound at ca. 7600 BP. Retreat of the ice mar­ fait sentir sur les foraminifères, et l'eau de Kûste der Bucht um efwa 8900 v.u.Z. ein- gin onto land made the fiord basins available l'Atlantique a envahi les fonds marins. La drang. Die Ablagerung der glazio-marinen as sediment catchments. The reduced sedi­ sédimentation postglaciaire a commencé distalen Sedimente (untere Lithofazies D) mentation rates in the sound during this inter­ dans la baie vers 7600 BP. Le changement setzte sich in der Bucht weiter bis efwa val are indicated by the change to onlapping de géométrie des Silts et argiles de 7600 v.u.Z. fort, als der Eisrand sich rasch in basin fill geometry of the Tiniktartuq Silt and Tiniktartuk devenus chevauchants reflète la die Fjorde zurùckzog. Zwischen efwa Clay (TS&C). Calcareous foraminifera disap­ diminution des taux de sédimentation dans 8900 v.u.Z. und efwa 8000 v.u.Z. zeigt die pear from the sediments by ca. 6300 BP and le détroit au cours de cette période. Les fora­ Fauna der Foraminiferen, dafî der EinfluB are replaced by agglutinated foraminifera des glazialen Eises gering war, und daB reflecting "Arctic Water" conditions at the minifères à test calcitique n'apparaissaient seafloor. The TS&C is presently being plus dans les sédiments vers 6300 BP et ont "atlantisches Wasser" auf den Meeresgrund deposited in the sound. été remplacés par les foraminifères à test ùbergreift. Die postglaziale Sedimentierung agglutiné, témoignant ainsi de la présence begann in der Bucht um efwa 7600 v.u.Z.
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