JUNE,1917. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 331
s5-g/.56 6 ( 7-7) SECTION VII.-WEATHER AND DATA FOR THE MONTH. TEE WEATHER OF JVNE, 1917. and central districts; but in the North and particularly in the region of the Great Lakes, it continued cool. P. C. DAY,Climatologiet and Chief of Division. For the month as a whole the temperature was below patad: Weather Bureau, Washington, Aug. 1,1917.1 the normal throughout the country esce t locally along the Atlantic coast and over most of the 8outhern States PRESSURE AND WINDS. from the Atlantic to the Pacific, including California and portions of Nevada and central Oregon, where it The distribution of the mean atmos heric pressure was somewhat above the average. Over the northern over the United States and Canada, anR tho prevailing districts from central New Pork to central Washington direction of the winds for June, 1917, are graphically and as far south as southern Kentucky and Missouri, shown on Chart VI1 (XLV-57), while the means at the the avera e temperature for the month ranged from 3 to several stations, with the departures from the 1iorma.1, 6 degrees elow the normal. are shown in Tables I and 111. B At the beginning of the month relative1 low pressure PRECIPITATION. revailed over the Lakes region and in tie Southwest, gut elsewhere pressure was near the normal. From t.he June opened wit.h general showers over most of the 1st to 8th several low-pressure areas moved from the far eastern part of the country, sncl also in the central dis- Southwest to the Great Lakes and eastward, ancl rela- tricts as far west as eastern Utah. During the next tivel high pressure predominated in the Southeast ancl several days rather heavy rain fell in much of the corn NortYl west. For the next several da 7s the pressure was belt and in t.he cotton region, escept near the Gulf coast low throughout the easteiii half o? the country, but and in western and southern Texas where rain was about the 16th a HIGH area of some magnitude over- greatly needed. From the Gth to the 12th considerable s read the East generally and pressure above the normal rain fell pract,icall everywhere east of the central Plains ot tained for several da s. During the second half of States, except in t ie southern port.ions of the Gulf States. the month an occasions9 area of relatively low pressure Heavy rains occurred over most of New England and moved from the far West eastward across the country, westward to eastern Nebraska. There were many but during much of the time the prevailing pressure reports from the latter section that t.he ground was too over most sections was above the normal. wet to work. From the 12th to the 19th little or no The month closed with low pressure in the Northeast, rajn fell in many sect,ions of the country; but in much and in the central and northern ortion of the Great of the Carolinas, Florida, and most districts near the Plains States; while in the SoutieasternY States and Gulf coast as far west as western Louisiana liberal rains west of the Rocky Mountains, except in the far South- occurred, while moderate amounts fell in most of Iowa, west, it was decidedly above the average. northern Illinois, parts of Ohio, and over practically all For June as a whole the barometric pressure averaged the Lakes region and North Atlantic States. above the normal Durin the remainder of the month the rainfa.11 was few stations near irregularK p distributed, although in most sections east of where it was slightly below the Mississippi River the falls were ample, the amounts from the normal were being especially large in western Pennsylvania, south- what pronounced in western New York, eastern North Carolina, southern Pacific regions. Ohio, eastern Michigan, and from central Illinois to east- The distribution of the HIGHS and LOWS was enerally ern Nebraska. favorable for southerly winds in most sections 7rom the The month closed with generally fair weather, except Great Plains States eastward, while along the Pacific dong the Btlantic coast and in the upper Mississippi coast they were generally from the north. Elsewhere Valley and far Northwest, where light to moderate rains variable winds prevailed. prevailed. For the month as a whole thc >recipit.ationwas heavy TEMPERATURE. in parts of New England, New +ark, Pennsylvania, the Carolinas, and Florida, and also in central portions of The unseasonable and almost continuous cool weather Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, the greater part of Iowa, that had been ex erienced over practically the entire east.ern Nebraska, southern Michigan, and central Ar- country since the fast week in April continued in most kansa.s. Elsewhere in the eastern half of the country districts during the first two decades in June, during moderitte falls occurred, escept in portions of the eastern which time some of the lowest temperatures ever exper- Gulf Sta.tes, where they were light. ,Throughout the ienced in that month were recorded. Tem erature western Gulf States the fall was enerally less than 1 conditions for this period are considered in tetailP on inch, a.nd at points in Mississi )pi and Louisiana the month p es 285-289 of this issue of the REVIEW. was one of the driest of recor and much dam %wing the last decade of the month the temperatmure resulted. From the Grea.t PlainsA westward was generally above tho normal in almost all southern tation wtw likewise light and below the
Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/25/21 03:05 AM UTC 322 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JUNE,1917 month's total being enerally less than half an inch es- At 6 m. June 1 a tornado formed about a mile south- cept in the more! nort% ern localities, and over large areas west of !b omona, passing over that town and disappearing no rain occurred. 9 miles to the northeast, The path was about a quarter of a mile wide. Two persons were injured and property RELATIVE HUMIDITY. vn.lued at $15,000 destroyed. Baldwin, 17 miles north- east of Pomona, was visit.ed by a severe windst:orm et 6:30 The relat,ive humidity for the month as a whole was p. m. the same day, which wns robably the remnant of above the normal over the northern half of the country t.he Pomona storm. Damage? ni out $200. from the Mississippi Valley eastward and in Washington About 7:30 p. m. on June 1 a torliarlo formed 34 miles and the southern portion of Cslifornin and Arizona. sou thweat of Morse and moved northeast into Missouri. Elsewhere humidity was generally below the avorage for The path was about 80 rods wide and 25 miles long. Four June, es ecially in the Plains States and portions of cen- persons were killed, two injured, a.nd property doiiinged tral Calilp ornia where the deficiency ranged from 10 to 30 to amount of about $10,000. per cent. About 5 p. m. June 5 a tornado formed 5 miles south- GENERAL SUMMARY. west of Clinton snd traveled 15 miles northeclst. Its )nth was a quarter of a mile wide. One person WRS The weather for June as a whole was favorable for crop killed, six or eight injured, a.nd prnctic.ally all of tl?e develo ment, except in the South and Southwest, where village of Clinton and a great niniyr. farmhouses and resi- lack oP moisture prevented plant growth, and in the dences were destroyed; much stock \vas killed and sovernl Northwest where the cool wedier delayod advance- fine orchards ruined. Estimat.ed loss, 4650,000. ment . A tornado formed 3 miles northwest of Troy about. 5:45 Winter wheat mado exccdlent progress generally and 1. ni. June 5 and moved southeast. for 2 miles, then east the weather WRS favorable for hnrrest,ing in the southom lor about 2 miles. Damage by wind, about. $15,000, nnd and central districts. Tho growth of s wing wheat, was by heavy ra.in, about $20,000. somewhat backward, hut it mudo goo(r' progress during At 6 p. m. June 5 a tornado formed 24 miles Eorthenst, the latter art of tho 1nont.h. The u-eather was generally of Shew and nioved northeastward. Its path was 300 unfavorab7 e for corn, c.otton. and some t.ruck cro b until yards wide and I5 miles long. One person WRS killed, one the latter part of the month, when warmer weat,K er nnd injured, and property damn ctd to aniount of $30,000. well-distributed rainfall caused much improvement in the At 6 p.m June 5 a tornado formcd near Moninnn, Iinns., condition of these crops. and moved northeastward. The path was from 100 to Pastures and ranges were generally in ood condition, 200 feet wide nnd 10 miles long. Estimated damage, exce t during the latter part of the niontP i in portions of $7,000. the !e lains States and west.ern Teses, where rain was . m. June 5 a tornado formed half n mile much needed. southwestAt 6:15 o P Pomona and nioved northeast,ward. Its lath Some injury to fruit resulted from frosts in the Noh- was about 40 miles long and 1 nile wide. Property 'I oss, west and from wind and hail in portions of the Mississippi about $10,000. Valley. However, at the end of tho month the outlook A tornado formed 9 miles southwest of Eskridge late in for fruit was good. the afternoon of June 5, nioved nort.heastward, half a mile southeast of that dace. It then li?a,ssi11g ted for SEVERE LOCAL STORMS.' about 5 miles, when it a nin a escended with incrcascd intensity. The greatest fcstruction nnd loss of life duc The following notes of severe stornis have been es- to the storni occurred in the nest S miles of its pIA. All tracted from reports b officials of the Wenthcr Bureau: buildings near its center were literally torn to pi Arkan.sas.-A tornnB o passed 2 miles south of Harrison blown away. The storm struck the liltle town of at 10:30 n. m. June 5. The path was about 75 gnrds S miles northwest of Topcka, n.nd destroycd or dnninged wide and 4 miles long. Property destroyed was worth every building. Nine persons were killed and property about $15,000. On June 6 between 7 and 10 p. m. a tor- lost to amount of $500,000. This storm was preccded nado moved from Wrightsville to Olena, a c1istiiric.e of throughout its course by heavy hail. At Eskric1,oo st.ones about 50 miles. Property loss about $73,000. During are reported to have fallen that were 14 to 15 inclies in the night of June 7 n tornado occurred near Uniont.~w~ii.circumference and weighed 3 and 4 pounds. Two people were killcd and property damage a.bout On June 12 between 830 and 9 p. m. a tornado formed $4,000. A severe hailstorm on June S destroyed crops ti few niiles northeast of Louisville, Kans., and traveled and damaged buildings near De Queen. toward the southeast. Its path was nbout, a fourth to a Kunsns.-Ten tornadoes a.re known to ha.ve occurrrcl half mile 'wide and 15 miles long. Sewn prisons were in Kansas durino June, 1917, causing the clrath of 18 injured, a number of residences mrl barns demolished. persons and the aestruction of roperty valued at about. and orclinrds and shade trees blown down. llama e esti- $1,220,000. All occurred in tR e eastern third of t,hc mated at $75,000. At the same t.inie this tornaco7 wn.s State-four in the lute afternoon or evening of the lst, five raging 11. windstorm caused considernbli~tl:ima-o nt St.. late in the afternooii of the 5th, snd one in the enrly Marys, 9 miles enst, but it could not. be est.abli.%e11 - t.hat ni ht of the 12th. this storm was a tornado. %he first formed 4 niiles west of Coffeyville at 5:06 1). ni. A severe hailstorm, accompanied by high wind and of the 1st and moved east,erly, derastatiiig n large soction cscessive rainfall, swept owr portions of Jewell, Mit.chrl1, of that city. Three persons were killed, H dozen injured. md C!loud Counties during t,he early morning of .lu iio 5. and tho property loss amounted to nhoiit, $500,000. lt,s the hailstones in somc s ions being a.s large ns hons' path was from 600 to SO0 feet wide and it ended 5 iiiilcs eggs, The more severe part of the storm coverod about, northeast of the city. 40 square miles, causing total ruin of t,housanda of n(ws ~~ of growing crops and the destruction of fine orcha.rds. 1 &a also the detailed dia?ussim of the tornadoes of May 25 to June 6 inclusive with chrts I~v-59to 67, inoluaiw, by Prof. H. C. FrankenRcld, on pp. 291-bas of this*ksuc. Stock were killed and barns and buildings blown down.
Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/25/21 03:05 AM UTC JUNE,1917. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. A severe hailstorm occurrecl nt Dodge Citv and vicinity Average aeeicmitlated akparturts for Junc, 1917. from 2:lS to 2:30 p. m. dune 5. The lid corercd t.hs lawn of the Went.lier l3urea.u a foot dw >. Some of t hc Preclpitatlon. Cloudiness Relative stones were as largo ns a. lion's ~gg.duch daninge rc- hunudity. sulted to windows, gardensj, niid crops. Nearly every I residence on strorts running north aitd south had wincloms broken. Many garclcna nnd crops wcrc conip1et.el-y de- Distrirts stroyed. Daninge cJstiniat,c!clhtw-erii one nnd two niillioii dollars. .Mich.igizt~--A tornado swpt. t,hrough Ctdhoiiii, Jack- son, Washtenam-, and Wayne Counties during t.he nf tcr- noon of June 6. Four persons were killcd, 50 injured, -__- a.nd the properby loss was estimated at about $1,000,000. OF. 'I: "F. In. In. In. &in I Now Enplonrl...... 62.21 - 1. i - 12. 5.60+2.60+0.70I 13.3;+I. .Missouri..-A tornado swept across Boone County on Middle Al.lontir ._._.. y.51 -0. 1 -4. 4.21 f0.W -1.80 5.6 +O. the night of June 5, moving northeast.wn.rc1,c.ausing 18 $out h Atlsnt ir...... , ,LO -0.3 +5. 4.,w+0.30-4.m 4.8 -0. deaths aiid property loss be tween $400,000 clncl $600,000. Florid:r Pcxinsuln.. . ,M. 3 -n. I +3. 4. si -2.3n -7. *5n EXS~iwr .___. . __ __. . iS.0 -0.3 +4. North Dakotu..-Three tornadoes occurred in the West Gulf .__.__.....79.4 +0.4 +I. 1.&3-2.W-7.90 3.1 -0. vicinity of Judson on June 10. The first about, 4:30 p. m., (JhiO ViiI1e.v ond T6-n I and the other two simultmeously about, 5 p. m. : da.mage IlPSSPP ...... n..:i -2. s -!h 5.1 +o. 0 Lower I.nkrs...... Ii3.n._--. -3.5-17. 6.01 +l. 91 +5 nominal. Another severe wind storm appeared 3 miles Uppcr Lnl:?:;...... 4,. I: -4. R -21. 6.9 +O. 77 +4 southeast of Bismarck about, 6 p. m. the same tlnte; Xort h h!w*::...... 4.3 -0. damage slight.. IT per 31i.
Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/25/21 03:05 AM UTC 324 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JUNE,1917 the 10th meridian, east longitude, and the 25th west rometer reading was 29.58 inches; no heavy winds wem longitude, the difference was more marked in the west,ern encountered, but fog prevailed in the southeast part than in the eastern, as the following figures will rant. The second LOW remained in tho vicinity opuad- the show. In the 5-degree square between 1atit.ides6Oo-65O, North Sea from the 5th to the 15th, and durmg that longitudes 2Oo-25O west, the mean for the first decade period the center moved back and forth between the loth was 29.93 inches; for the second, 30.27 inches; and for the meridian, east longitude, and that of Greenwich. On third, 39.88 inches. In the square between latitudes the 7th this LOW was central near the northeast coast of 6Oo-65O, longitudes 5O-10' enst, the means were: First Scotland, and three vessels between that point and the decade, 29.62 inches; second, 38.94 inches: and third, 30th meridian, west longitude, re orted norther1 gales 29.88 inches. of from 40 to 50 miles an hour. an the 9th a faid well In the northwest quadrant of the Azores HIGII, the developed LOW, with a minimum barometric rea Jmg of pressure for the last decade was c.onsiclerably higher than 29.76 inches, was central near latitude 42O, longitude 42O, during either of the ot4hers:in the square between latit,udes moderate to light winds prevailing. This LOW moved in 4Oo-45O, longitudes 3Oo-35O, the arerage for the first a northeasterly direction, and on the loth the center was decade was 30.07 inches; for the second, 30.01 inches; ant1 near latitude 4S0, longitude 37'. One vessel in the east- for the third, 30.35 inches. In mid-ocean snd Jon the ern and two in the southwestern quadrants experienced North American coast there was comparatively Tittle gales of from 40 to 55 miles an hour, while near latitude difference in t,he readings for t,he t,hree decades, and in 3S0, longitude 49O, northerly winds of gale force were re- southern waters t.he variation during the month was even orted, the barometric readin in the vicinity rangin less. from 30.09 to 30.20 inches. Emthe 10th to the 13tf GALES. the easterly drift of the LOW was slight, as on the latter date the center was near latitude 36O, lon itude 28O, Under normal conditions June is freer from gales than light to moderate winds being the rule during ta at period. any other month, as the highest normal percentage for On the 16th a LOW was central a short distance off the any one 5degree square is 7, which characterizes a num- coast of Spain, and three vessels in the northern quadrants ber of squares between the 50th and 60th parallels and reported moderate to strong easterly gales. Ths LOW re- the 25th and 40th meridians. During June, 1916, gales mained practically stationary during the nest 24 hours; were not observed on more than one day in aiip onc between the 17th and 15th it moved slowly toward the square, with the esception of that between latitudes coast, as on the latter date the center was near Balboa, 4Oo-45O,longitudes 4Oo-15O, where they were reported on Spain. On the 18th a second LOW of limited extent was two days, a ercenta e of 6. On June 1 there were two central near latitude 40°, longitude 38O. On the 19th it fairly well SBvelFef areas of low pressure over tho was in practicall the same position, and westerly ales western division o the ocean. Tho first LOW was central were encountereB by two vessels 5 degrees south of the near Sydney, C. B. I., nnd the second near latitude 42O, center. From the 20th to the 22d an area of low reasure longitude 34O. The barometric readings at their centers covered the Gulf of St. Lawrence, attended by E'ght to were 29.76 inches and 29.82 inches, respectively, with a moderate winds, while fog occurred on the first date. On ridge of high pressure between; the winds were from the 23d the center of this disturbance was near St. Johns, li ht to moderate, and fog occurred off the Banks of Newfoundland, the conditions of wind and weather hav- Fkwfoundland. On the same da a third LOW of limited ing changed but little. On the 22d and 23d a second area surrounded the Shetland Isrands, although its ten- LOW, also of slight intensity, covered a large area between ter could not be accurately located on account of lack of the west coast of Scotland and the 20th Meridian. By observations, On June 2 the conditions over the western the 24th it was central near Glasgow and had contracted division had changed but little, as the two LOWS re- somewhat in extent, while the winds remained light to mained in practically the same osition and without moderate. This disturbance then curved toward the change in intensity and extent, wR; le the ridge of high north, and on the 25th surrounded a small area off the pressure had develo ed into a closed area, with a crest of 30.20 inches. !c% e third LOW of June 1 had moved about 10 d rees nearly due east, with ita center on the west coast o1 Norway, near the 62d parallel. One vessel in the vicinity of the Shetland Islands reported a west- erly gale of 48 miles an hour, while in the southerly quadrants the winds were from moderate to fresh. The LOW last mentioned moved rapidly toward the northeast, and on the 3d the center was a parently somewhere near Bodo, Norway. On the 3d t %e pressure was consider- ably above the normal over that part of the ocean be- tween the 30th and 50th parallels, although a LOW of li ht intensity was central near Colon, Canal Zone. On a northeasterly direction, and on the 30th covered a small tg; e 4th a LOW surrounded Quebec, Canada, where the portion of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the western part barometer reading was 29.58 mches; while a second area of Newfoundland, light to moderate winds prevailing. of low pressure covered the west coast of Scotland, ex- tending as far west as the loth meridian, west Ion 'tude. TEMPERATUBE. A few vessels some distance from the center off these LOWS reported winds with a masimum velocig of 40 The average temperature of the air over the ocean dur- miles an hour, but in mid-ocean the winds were from ing June, 1916, was considerabl above the normal in mid- light to moderate. ocean, north of the 35th par aJel, and also in a lesser de- The first LOW moved toward the northeast, and on the gree in the waters ad'acent to the Euro ean coast. In 5th the center was near Father Point, where the ba- southern waters and t he Gulf of Mexico, tE e temperaturea
Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/25/21 03:05 AM UTC JUNE,1917. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 325 Wii& of .50 mih per hoicr (92.4 m.!eec.), or over, during Ju.~w,1917.
I ! Wind. Wind. II - Statlon. Date. I Veloc- 'elm Diree- 1 ity. iq itp. tion. OF. OF. - - St. Johns, N. F...... +1.6 Norfolk, Va ...... -2.3 1-8- Hatteras, N. C -11 I- ffa./hr S dney, C. B. I ...... $0.4 ...... -0.5 SW. Mount Tamalpais. dwN. S...... -0.6 Cbrleston, 5. C ...... -0.5 Do...... in nu'. tal...... 25 52 nw. East ort, Me ...... -0. I) Key West, Fla...... -0.2 Buffalo, N. Y.. .. 65 s\v. Do...... a I38 nw. d, Tampa, Fla +0.6 Do...... 54 W. I-lo...... 2s R8 nw. Port L Me ...... -4.4 ...... Do...... A8 sw. Do ...... m 5s nw. Boaton, Mass ...... -3.2 Mobile, Ala ...... +0.5 Do...... 58 8W. NewT0rk.N.Y.. 8 50 nw. Nantucket, Mass ...... -1.7 New Orleans, La ...... +2.0 Do...... 50 sw. NorInlk Va...... 1 64 W. Galveston. Tex. +O. 1 Charlotte N. C.. . eo nw. North' I1 ead , Block Island, R. I ...... -2.1 ...... clie enne', yo. .. 50 W. wssh ...... 73 72 SB. New York, N. Y ...... -4.3 Corpus Christi, Tex...... +l. 3 %lo..:...... 65 W. I Pittsburgh Pa.. .. 23 64 nw. Chic3 o 111 ...... 12 50 w. Point Re& Light, Clevefah nhlo... 21 5s mv. I Cai ...... 1 so nw. Concordid Pans.. 5 50 n. Do ...... 2 51 nw. Dallas T& ...... 8 62 8. 58 nw. Dodge'clty, lians. 5 59 nw. 60 nw. Dmxel Nebr.. ... 22 5fi nw. 60 UW. Dulutli, Minn ..... fi 52 ne. 60 nw. FlagstaU.Arlz. ... 10 50 W. 66 nw. Grand Forks, N. 61 nw. Dak...... 51 ne. 62 nw. Helena. Nont ..... 50 sw. 57 nw. Lexington, Rv .... 60 SW. -53 nw. Nem his, Tclin.. . 50 nu'. 51 UW. 80...... 56 nw. (*Is nw. Nount Tarnalpsin. W. Cal ...... 5'1 nw. 60 nw. Do...... s4 nw. 52 nw. Do...... 54 nw. R5 W. Do...... 50 nw. 60 se. Do...... 62 nw. 60 SW. uo...... 5lj nw. 54 sw. no...... 72 nw. 50 UW. I)o ...... 21 6s nw. 50 nw. Do ...... 79 nw. - - * \rind records at Portland. Ye.. have been in error lor some months: n table 01 COP rect redngs is being preparrd-EorroR.
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