[Entered at the Poet Olllce of New York, N. Y., 88 Seconll (., ..... IllR\t<-r_ ------ -- - ------- ----------------------------------- A WEEKtY JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL INFORMATION, ART, SCIENCE, MECHANICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MANUFACTURES. with Launch g I. H. P. .. Union" Englnp, Property of F. F. Milne, Island Heights, N. J. Police Patrol Boat Rescue, Schuylkill River. Philadelphia. 10� I. H. P. "Union" Engine. GeneralArrangement of Engine and Parts in Launch. '111T. H. P. DonbleCylinder .. Union" Marine Engine. 6 I. H. P. Single Cylinder" Union" Marine Engine. Stem Wheeler. 251. H. P. "Union" Engine. Lanncb42XD ft., with 25 I. H. P ... Union" Engine, Property of A. N. Stanton, Bridgeport. Conn. THE MARINE GASOLINE ENGINE AND GAS ENGINE BOAT.-[See page 811.] © 1895 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC. j,ieutifi, �lUtti,au. [MAY 18, 18c}S. A GREAT INVENTION IN WEAVING. THE DESERTED VILLAGE. James H. Northrop, of Hopedale, Mass., is the au· The viIIage life of old time!:' l1as beeq the basis of Jtitntifit �mttitan. thor of a large number of new inventions relating to many an idyl in prose or verse. ' A village represents weaving machinery, for which patentlS have been the center of the isolated community, made isolated ESTABLISHED 1845. granted within the past threll or four years or more. by difficulties of transportation both of freight and MUNN & CO., Editors and Proprietors. Some of these improvements have been put into practi- person. Before the days of MacAdam every mile of PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT cal shape by Messrs. Draper, the assignees of Northrop, bowlder-infested, sandy and muddy roads exhausted and the results are such as to justify the prediction of IlIan and beast alike who were concerned in t.he trans­ No. 361 BUOADWAY, NEW YORK. an impeuding revolution in the economics of the art of fer of wagons over it. In England where, owing to the O. 11. MU�N. A. E. BEACH. weaving. I very lar�e proportiona.l population, traveling was ex- F: "'C: One branch of the Northrop inventions consists in tensively indulged in, the matter had become very 'I'.:IC 111'" 1'0 It 'I' U I "NTI FIC AiUEltICA�. One copy, one year, for the U. S., Canada or Mexico. .................S3 00 devicf\s for the automatic filling of shutt,les in single serious in the last century. The great lumbering �e��!�Sa��fttr:i� �ou������I�����t�P08i&((jtiioii: shuttle looms, whereby the frequent stopping of the stage coaches would be dragged over roads which in g�: ��g�:���m r h 1 as RKt Jktg EOCb�.1� Wlo �:.�����n�rd�f\?;atkl�Wt:���� {:��k. machine for refilling, or in consequence of breakage,,is the contemporary literature are described as absolutely !"IIiciPlIrific AII1f"l'lCUn �nJlJlle'nelit avoided. The practical result is that one first class inspiring terror. But London was not then the ab­ a distinct paper'I'he from the SrIENTIFIC AMEltICAJ<. 'I'Hl'lIlLJPPLEMEN'I' Is18 issued weekly. Every number contains 16 octavo P8IZ'es,uniform in size weaver, who is now capable of attending six looms, is solute metropolis of the country. All through the with SC)E�TIF:C A�IERICAN. fl'erms of subscription for SUPPLEMENT, d e r r enaoled, by means of the Northrop im provements, to land there were prosperous villages, whose inhabitants tri��'t"';IJ��i��"tOU ;��r:l 'tg[on� ;\�le��i: YiJl cetgJ.° ���� b a ih�'ut t . s e S attend sixteen looms, all of them runnin� at the usual led cultured lives and very rarely journeyed to the ���:!I�:���� �t��r�:��l�� s �i������Y A��R��� B ���Bt��;C�ENT e a O d i U a r C speed, so that the quantity of cloth prod uced is more large cities. � t!e��� d�Wals� �l'� fo��r�: ����ri � Wirh·i� p��taf J:.�� ��t than doubled without any increase in the cost. The Then MacAdam evolved his plan of making roads dollars����� and fifty cents a year. Uuildilu: �diri"D of Scientillic AIDel"jean. Industrial Record says: .. The invention is in practice with broken stone, formulating the curious precept THE BUILDING h:UITI0X O� �('IENTU'JCAM1!:ltICAN is a large and splendid illustrated periodical,'I'HE issued montbly. containin� floor p'ans in a mill where 400 of these looms are in operation, that no stone must be used which was too large to go and perspective views r;ertainingto modern archltecture. Each number a a i i running at the rate of 190 picks per minute, the into the mouth. He would take a piece of road filled bSuu�!� !�a t�������'!!o�k }�S�r������feg,�S ���I�ugde�� ::�taflU:�� usual speed of a print 100m. It is said that more looms with bowlders, and breaking them to fragments, would contemplate bu��\�lding this work is invaluable. Has the lantest circulation of any architecturali publication in the world. can be run by one operative, but we will be satisfied make the road supply all or a great part of the mate­ Sing-Iecopies 2acents. By mail, to any part of the United States, Canada or Mexico. $2.50 ayear. 'ro foreign Postal Union countries, 13.00 a year. with sixteen. This is enough for the incredulous, and rial required for its own construction. William Cob­ Combined rate for BUII,DI�G EDITION with 8CIENTIFIC AMERICAN, to one a r ri doubles the number of looms that a first class weaver bett, at the beginning of this century, representing t��r�.r':�e flt¥irIIgIJ� Tig�!� CI�;���Ig"l�\. :'':;A�·'1!n� �::: is now capable of handling on print cloths. One-half the agriculturist, inveighs against the use of broad PL EM ENT, $9.00a year. '£0 forei4lnPostal Union countries. 111.00a year. the �cientific AlliericBu_ the labor cost is 8aved in this particular alone. But in tires imposed by the authorities upon those who travel­ with which Exportis incorporated .:clition "LA of AMERICA eIENTI FICA EINDURTRIAL," or Spanish edition of the SCIENTlrrc AMERICAN, published monthly, uni­ actual experience it has been found that more than ed upon the new roads which then began to traverse form in size and typos;rraphywith the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN. Every num­ ber contains abuut 50pages. profusely illustrated. It is the finest CientifiC, this is saved on account of the greater production per England in all directions. These roads enabled stage industrial ex.{JlJrt paper published. It irculates throughout Cuba,S the e t d C m in 100m due to non· stoppages for supplying fresh filling. coaches to make ten miles an hour, and the population ::��i�����t'e�e;��Ot�e � ;:�i�� l���t� i�ri��o�ln� 8��?��T�C e t �� o in "The labor cost in one yard of print cloth is about began at once to centralize more than before, and we to'!;;;��c1:1 ����tr������ fhS: ��:I1. (a�&f:� ::t p����y� �o �¥ one cent, and four-tenths of this is represented in the find Cobbett again lamenting the growth of the pltrt of t.he world. Single copies cents. Manufacturers and others 25who desire to secure foreign trade, mllY cost of weaving. In Fall River, weavers receive "Wenn," as he termed London. havelIT large and handsomely displayed announcements publishedIn this 18 edition at a very moderate cost. MUNN CO•• Publishers, cents a cut of yards. The labor cost in two Lowell When the railroad replaced the stage coach, the & Broadway,JliewYork. 45 e t S61 x e o print cloth mills is 5'90to 6'01 cents per pound, and that growth of London and of the other great cities began in ��'I�a�: �.;;�: �.i:::'�lll�eMltr:.���';,":;:bl� f� g;d: ��Y�b'l�� ctg&or-O. of weaving alone is 3'46 to 3'54 cents per pound. It is earnest. Meanwhile, in this country, the New England rr Readers are specially requ�sted to notify the publishers In caseof safe to say that about half the cost of manufacturing States had become filled with villages. The white­ any failure, delay, or irregularitv in receipt of papers. ' is in the weaving, hence any saving here is a matter of painted gable houses with green blinds, the village NI�W YORK SATURDAY, MAY 18, 1895. some moment, especially when it attains the propor- green, with town hall, public school and church facing tion of fully one-half. Calling the annual production it, had become characteristic features of these settle­ (Illustrated art,;�les(�Olliellr",. arA marked with an asterisk.) of prirat cloths by Fall River mills at 10,000,000 pieces ments. Air, compressed, for ralslnll Gold, new process of extractlnll.311 and we have a saving in the cost of weaving of For the better intellectual development of the na­ water ........................... HaIr, a Russian student's ........ 3U 3(Y( $900,000, or nearly one-half the total dividends paid by tives or inhabitants of the villages, lyceums were Air pressures. maXImum. in Hint. a valuable .......... ..... 307 which men can work .... ...... Horse power. Wood's·•. .......... Be.semer and his treatment ..... 307314 Indla,ravagesof snakes and wild � all the mills of that city in the prosperous year of 1892, founded, which arranged for courses of lectures to be BiC r i ���bl�� :'h .. .� 310 Inv:�i��: ��;;ei"iIYpateiiied::: or nearly equal to all the dividen<1s paid in 1891. In the given on var'ious subjects. The life seemed, to a cer­ lIicycle. the modernIR���: .............. ���� 315 Inventors, our debt to............ rl�316 BIC d h I er manufacture of print cloths alone iu this country asav- I tain extent, ideal. There is in humanity a theoretical 1.'6ri.::���.�.� .. .� .� .: .. L';i�':,';���v��. t ��.� 300 ::g�·oii::::::::::::�g ing in the cost of labor can be made of $2,500,000 by desire for repose and absence of strife, a desire which ������ jCb:���rn����:: ���!Y�[b::�fin��:iry·.·the::::::: ca&Jnon.Ig:�8 toy, Shimer's., .........