DOCSLIB.ORG

Morocco's Phosphate Industry in the Khouribga Region

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morocco's Phosphate Industry in the Khouribga Region Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4727–4741, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4727-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. A Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach for conducting trade-off analysis: Morocco’s phosphate industry in the Khouribga region Sang-Hyun Lee1, Amjad T. Assi2, Bassel Daher2,3,4, Fatima E. Mengoub5,6, and Rabi H. Mohtar2,7,8 1Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan 2Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, USA 3Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA 4Institute for Science Technology and Public Policy, Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA 5Policy Center for the New South, Suncity Complex, Building C, Angle of Addolb Boulevard and Albortokal Street, Rabat, Morocco 6Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 6620, Hay Moulay Rachid 43150, Ben Guerir, Morocco 7Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA 8Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Correspondence: Rabi H. Mohtar ([email protected]) Received: 28 April 2020 – Discussion started: 18 May 2020 Revised: 11 August 2020 – Accepted: 24 August 2020 – Published: 5 October 2020 Abstract. The study objective was to develop and use the creased from 5:8 × 106 to 5:2 × 106 m3. Dynamic manage- Water-Energy-Food Nexus Phosphate (WEF-P) Tool to eval- ment of the phosphate industry can also save 143 MWh uate the impact of Morocco’s phosphate industry on water, (megawatt-hour) of electricity annually and can bring a re- energy, and food sectors of Khouribga, which is the repre- duction of 117 t of CO2 emissions. Making water available at sentative phosphate mining region of Morocco. The devel- the correct season and location requires analysis of complex oped WEF-P Tool enabled a trade-off analysis based on in- scientific, technical, socioeconomic, regulatory, and political tegrating supply-chain processes, transportation, and water– issues. The WEF-P Tool can assist by assessing user-created energy footprints of the region. Field data from the mining to scenarios; thus, it is an effective management-decision aid transportation processes were collected and applied to pos- for ensuring more sustainable use of limited resources and sible supply-chain scenarios in accordance with the type of increased reliability of water resources for both agricultural product (phosphate rock and slurry). The potential impacts and industrial use. This study on the applications of WEF of the scenarios were considered in terms of the water sup- Nexus to the phosphate industry offers a roadmap for other ply in the agricultural areas. The analysis of the positive im- industrial application for which trade-offs between the pri- pacts of dynamic management suggests that seasonal man- mary resources must be considered. agement of phosphate production (less during the irrigated season, more during wetter or rainier seasons) is more ef- fective. Additionally, while the transport of raw phosphate slurry through a pipeline increased the total water required to 1 Introduction 34:6 × 106 m3, which is an increase of 76 % over the “busi- ness as usual” (BAU) scenario, it also resulted in an energy Nexus thinking emerged from the understanding that nat- savings of nearly 80 % over BAU: slurry transport requires ural resource availability can limit and is limited by eco- only 40:5×106 L of fossil fuel instead of the 204×106 L re- nomic growth and other goals associated with human well- quired to transport rocks. During the dry or “water-scarce” being (Hoff, 2011; Keulertz et al., 2016). The innovative as- irrigation season (May to July), total groundwater use de- pect of nexus thinking is its more balanced view of the issues linking resources (Al-Saidi and Elagib, 2017). Thus, nexus Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 4728 S.-H. Lee et al.: WEF-P Nexus Tool for Morocco’s phosphate industry frameworks identify key issues in food, water, and energy water and energy, which in turn leads to issues of downscal- securities through a lens of sustainability and seek to pre- ing water or energy securities. dict and protect against future risks and resource insecuri- The nexus framework is dependent on the stakeholders, ties (Biggs et al., 2015). The 2015 World Economic Forum system boundary, and analytical tools. In considering the ap- identified water, food, and energy shocks as primary future plication of the nexus as a platform, an integrated model- risks, calling for increased efficiency in water use across all ing approach is essential. These issues manifest in very dif- sectors and the implementation of integrated water resources ferent ways across each sector, but their impacts are often management. Various conceptual frameworks relating to the closely related in terms of trade-offs. In particular, the sub- nexus approach were developed: the Dubois et al. (2014) em- nexus needs to be effectively conceptualized and a theoretical phasized the role of the nexus in food security, and the In- sub-nexus developed. Private-sector water, energy, and food- ternational Renewable Energy Association (Ferroukhi et al., supply-chain players are the key stakeholders to address cur- 2014) applied the nexus approach in transforming conven- rent contradictions arising as a consequence of attempts to tional energy systems to renewable systems. develop a grand nexus approach (Allan et al., 2015). Accord- The demand for water, energy, and food is expected to in- ingly, we must consider the “specialized” nexus of multi- crease due to drivers such as population growth, economic stakeholders, such as agriculture, industry, and urban areas, development, urbanization, and changing consumer habits for which water, energy, and food are treated as subsystems. (Terrapon-Pfaff et al., 2018). The interlinkages across key Current nexus frameworks often focus on macrolevel drivers natural resource sectors and improving their production ef- of resource consumption patterns (Biggs et al., 2015), but ficiency offer a win-win strategy for environmental sustain- major nexus challenges are faced at local levels (Terrapon- ability for current and/or future generations (Ringler et al., Pfaff et al., 2018). Thus, “larger-scale” extraction and con- 2013). Accordingly, application of the Water-Energy-Food sumption of natural resources may lead to depletion of natu- (WEF) Nexus concept or approach is expected to make im- ral capital stocks and increased climate risk with no equitable plementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) share of the benefits (Hoff, 2011; Rockström et al., 2009). Al- more efficient and robust (Brandi et al., 2014; Yumkella and Saidi and Elagib (2017) showed the importance of exploring Yillia, 2015). The SDGs are classic examples of the neces- driving forces and interactions at different scales in the con- sity to acknowledge multidimensional nexus interlinkages ceptual development of the nexus, emphasizing more case- and trade-offs, particularly as governments are challenged study-based recommendations in the reality of institutions, to maximize benefits and invest limited resources. Infras- bureaucracies, and environmental stakeholders. tructure and capital are needed to achieve national SDG tar- Morocco’s phosphate and agriculture industries offer an gets, and the nexus concept is now used to highlight inter- example of increasing resource pressures attributable to near- dependencies between resources and the need for integrated, and medium-term growth across these sectors (Taleb, 2006). sustainable governance and management of those resources A holistic approach that considers the needs of all stake- (Pahl-Wostl, 2019). holders is necessary to resolve resource allocation pressures. The debate surrounding effectively addressing water and Between 1990 and 2016, Morocco’s population grew from food security challenges stems from questions about whether 25 million to 35 million people (World Bank, 2019a). Both the water–food crisis is due to a poor understanding of the crop production and total cultivated land significantly in- resources or to their improper management (Mohtar et al., creased since 1971; half of Morocco’s arable land receives 2015; Keulertz and Mohtar, 2019). One long-standing chal- less than 350 mm of rainfall annually, and nearly 87.3 % of lenge to water management lies in the lack of integration Morocco’s total water withdrawals are used for agriculture among the multiple sectors that interact with the water sec- (FAO, 2015). Per capita consumption of electric power in- tors across geographical areas or within large, transboundary, creased from 358 kWh (1990) to 901 kWh (2014); energy basins (Mohtar and Lawford, 2016). Projections about avail- use by oil equivalent per capita increased from 306 to 553 kg ability and quality of water, food, energy, or soil resources are during the same period (World Bank, 2019b). Proper man- often alarming. A fundamental shift is needed away from tra- agement of water, energy, and food resources is critical to ditional “silo” approaches and toward more integrative sys- economic, social, and environmental wellbeing. tems approaches (Daher and Mohtar, 2015). Energy and wa- Globally, phosphates lie at the heart of agriculture and soil ter are crucial for economic growth, especially in industrial- enhancement. More than 75 % of global phosphate reserves, ized areas (Flörke et al., 2013; Cai et al., 2016), making the representing 30 % of the global market share, are found in rapid increase in demand for these resources a serious issue Morocco, positioning that country at a leading role in global for both economics and the environment. While technology food security (OCP, 2013). Phosphate mining and its chem- to reduce industrial demand for water and energy is impor- ical processing require considerable water, energy, land, and tant, we must also understand the relationship between eco- other resource inputs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Monographie Regionale Beni Mellal-Khenifra 2017
    Royaume du Maroc المملكة المغربية Haut-Commissariat au المندوبية السامية للتخطيط Plan MONOGRAPHIE REGIONALE BENI MELLAL-KHENIFRA 2017 Direction régionale Béni Mellal-Khénifra Table des matières INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 8 PRINCIPAUX TRAITS DE LA REGION BENI MELLAL- KHENIFRA ................. 10 CHAPITRE I : MILIEU NATUREL ET DECOUPAGE ADMINISTRATIF ............ 15 1. MILIEU NATUREL ................................................................................................... 16 1.1. Reliefs ....................................................................................................................... 16 1.2. Climat ....................................................................................................................... 18 2. Découpage administratif ............................................................................................ 19 CHAPITRE II : CARACTERISTIQUES DEMOGRAPHIQUES DE LA POPULATION ........................................................................................................................ 22 1. Population ................................................................................................................... 23 1.1. Evolution et répartition spatiale de la population .................................................. 23 1.2. Densité de la population .......................................................................................... 26 1.3. Urbanisation ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Indices Par Commune
    Indices par commune Province Commune Centre Taux_pauvreté indice_volumétrique indice_séverité Vulnérabilité Azilal Azilal (M) 10,26 1,96 0,55 19,23 Azilal Demnate (M) 6,99 1,27 0,34 16,09 Azilal Agoudi N'Lkhair 26,36 5,84 1,88 30,84 Azilal Ait Abbas 50,01 16,62 7,33 23,59 Azilal Ait Bou Oulli 37,95 9,65 3,45 31,35 Azilal Ait M'Hamed 35,58 8,76 3,04 30,80 Azilal Tabant 19,21 3,24 0,81 33,95 Azilal Tamda Noumercid 15,41 2,90 0,82 27,83 Azilal Zaouiat Ahansal 35,27 9,33 3,45 28,53 Azilal Ait Taguella 17,08 3,28 0,95 28,09 Azilal Bni Hassane 16,10 2,87 0,77 29,55 Azilal Bzou 8,56 1,32 0,32 24,68 Azilal Bzou (AC) Bzou 5,80 1,02 0,27 16,54 Azilal Foum Jemaa 15,22 2,51 0,62 31,18 Azilal Foum Jemaa (AC) Foum Jemaa 13,26 2,56 0,72 22,54 Azilal Moulay Aissa Ben Driss 13,38 2,42 0,66 26,59 Azilal Rfala 21,69 4,46 1,35 30,64 Azilal Tabia 8,88 1,42 0,35 23,59 Azilal Tanant 11,63 2,12 0,59 23,41 Azilal Taounza 13,76 2,60 0,74 25,52 Azilal Tisqi 10,35 1,66 0,40 25,26 Azilal Ait Mazigh 24,23 4,91 1,47 33,72 Azilal Ait Ouqabli 18,31 3,25 0,88 33,12 Azilal Anergui 35,18 9,25 3,41 28,49 Azilal Bin El Ouidane 7,96 1,14 0,25 25,44 Azilal Isseksi 16,21 2,97 0,81 29,19 Azilal Ouaouizeght 9,00 1,19 0,25 29,46 Azilal Ouaouizeght (AC) Ouaouizeght 9,61 1,85 0,52 18,05 Azilal Tabaroucht 51,04 15,52 6,36 27,11 Province Commune Centre Taux_pauvreté indice_volumétrique indice_séverité Vulnérabilité Azilal Tagleft 27,66 6,89 2,44 26,89 Azilal Tiffert N'Ait Hamza 16,84 3,99 1,37 21,90 Azilal Tilougguite 24,10 5,32 1,70 30,13 Azilal Afourar 5,73 0,80 0,17 20,51 Azilal
    [Show full text]
  • Informational Materials
    Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/08/2020 10:51:33 PM The following is a copy of the content of the website https://www.standwithusfarmers.com/ distributed by Fleishman-Hillard Inc. on behalf of OCP S.A. (together with its affiliates "OCP Group"). Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/08/2020 10:51:33 PM Stand with TAKE ACTION US. FARMERS LEARN MORE OPPOSING TARIFFS ON FERTILIZERS RESOURCES U.S. FARMERS ARE AT RISK. Join the fight to protect farmers' access to high-quality fertilizers. / / * i ! / / ( * * . i f i ^ Learn More Take Action Now ft % # <* * it * . ii w M' 4’ f il I! V fi w JF' JP i tin.1I . m , T' .. » STAND WITH U.S. FARMERS. OPPOSE TARIFFS ON FERTILIZERS. Farmers already face challenges as they struggle to survive a six-year downturn. The last thing they need Is a limited supply of fertilizers and increased costs. * A recent development in Washington D.C. poses a threat to farmers and the agriculture industry. The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced preliminary countervailing duties (i.e. tariffs) of 23.46% on imports of phosphate fertilizer from Morocco. The Mosaic Ccmoanv the sacand Iarae3tmhpscl7rat® tertitiseMDrortacer ip the worid, asked.thi “PSSMiWMti ditii^hBreooi crpotenwa ny snutrtjppetr 12/08 1:33 PM and hand them a near monopoly in the U.S. This will hurt countless farmers by reducing choice and supply, and increasing the cost of critical fertilizers. Criticism has been swift and broad across the agriculture sector. Elected officials and a growing list of voices are strongly expressing their opposition to Mosaic's petition.
    [Show full text]
  • Casing Only Date of Publication 10/12/2018
    Validity date from COUNTRY Morocco 10/12/2018 00074 SECTION Treated stomachs, bladders and intestines: casing only Date of publication 10/12/2018 List in force Approval number Name City Regions Activities Remark Date of request B.1.2.13 TOUR HASSAN Rabat Rabat - Salé - Kénitra PP 37, O, P 31/01/2017 B.19.13.14 Boyauderie Marrakech Sellami MARRAKECH Marrakech - Safi PP 37, O 02/04/2014 B.19.19.13 BOYAUDERIE N'GUYER ABDERRAZZAK MARRAKECH Marrakech - Safi PP 37, C, O, P 31/01/2017 B.19.20.13 BOYAUDERIE SELLAMI MARRAKECH Marrakech - Safi PP P 31/01/2017 B.19.21.13 BOYAUDERIE MARRAKECH MARRAKECH Marrakech - Safi PP 37, O 31/01/2017 B.19.3.14 Boyauderie Marrakech boyaux naturels MARRAKECH Marrakech - Safi PP 37, C, O 11/06/2014 B.3.15.14 Boyauderie Zahra Témara Rabat - Salé - Kénitra PP 37, B, C, O, P, S 04/12/2014 B.34.1.13 BOYAUDERIE DE L'ATLAS Tanger Tanger - Tétouan - Al Hoceima PP 37, B, C, O, P 31/01/2017 B.34.2.13 BOYAUDERIE EL GHAZAL Tanger Tanger - Tétouan - Al Hoceima PP 37, O, P 31/01/2017 B.53.11.13 BOYAUDERIE ZEMAMRA El Jadida Grand Casablanca - Settat PP P 31/01/2017 B.53.12.13 BOYAUDERIE EL JADIDA El Jadida Grand Casablanca - Settat PP 37, O 31/01/2017 B.56.10.13 BOYAUDERIE CHAOUIA SETTAT Grand Casablanca - Settat PP 37, O, P 31/01/2017 B.56.2.13 Boyauderie 'La Casablançaise' SETTAT Grand Casablanca - Settat PP 37, O, P 09/03/2015 B.56.8.13 BOYAUDERIE ATLANTIQUE SETTAT Grand Casablanca - Settat PP 37, B, O, P 31/01/2017 B.56.9.13 BOYAUDERIE BAZI SETTAT Grand Casablanca - Settat PP 37, O, P 31/01/2017 1 / 2 List in force Approval
    [Show full text]
  • Cadastre Des Autorisations TPV Page 1 De
    Cadastre des autorisations TPV N° N° DATE DE ORIGINE BENEFICIAIRE AUTORISATIO CATEGORIE SERIE ITINERAIRE POINT DEPART POINT DESTINATION DOSSIER SEANCE CT D'AGREMENT N Casablanca - Beni Mellal et retour par Ben Ahmed - Kouribga - Oued Les Héritiers de feu FATHI Mohamed et FATHI Casablanca Beni Mellal 1 V 161 27/04/2006 Transaction 2 A Zem - Boujad Kasbah Tadla Rabia Boujad Casablanca Lundi : Boujaad - Casablanca 1- Oujda - Ahfir - Berkane - Saf Saf - Mellilia Mellilia 2- Oujda - Les Mines de Sidi Sidi Boubker 13 V Les Héritiers de feu MOUMEN Hadj Hmida 902 18/09/2003 Succession 2 A Oujda Boubker Saidia 3- Oujda La plage de Saidia Nador 4- Oujda - Nador 19 V MM. EL IDRISSI Omar et Driss 868 06/07/2005 Transaction 2 et 3 B Casablanca - Souks Casablanca 23 V M. EL HADAD Brahim Ben Mohamed 517 03/07/1974 Succession 2 et 3 A Safi - Souks Safi Mme. Khaddouj Bent Salah 2/24, SALEK Mina 26 V 8/24, et SALEK Jamal Eddine 2/24, EL 55 08/06/1983 Transaction 2 A Casablanca - Settat Casablanca Settat MOUTTAKI Bouchaib et Mustapha 12/24 29 V MM. Les Héritiers de feu EL KAICH Abdelkrim 173 16/02/1988 Succession 3 A Casablanca - Souks Casablanca Fès - Meknès Meknès - Mernissa Meknès - Ghafsai Aouicha Bent Mohamed - LAMBRABET née Fès 30 V 219 27/07/1995 Attribution 2 A Meknès - Sefrou Meknès LABBACI Fatiha et LABBACI Yamina Meknès Meknès - Taza Meknès - Tétouan Meknès - Oujda 31 V M. EL HILALI Abdelahak Ben Mohamed 136 19/09/1972 Attribution A Casablanca - Souks Casablanca 31 V M.
    [Show full text]
  • Monographie De La Province De Khouribga
    ROYAUME DU MAROC HAUT COMMISSARIAT AU PLAN DIRECTION REGIONALE BENI MELLAL – KHENIFRA Siège de la Province Kouribga MONOGRAPHIE DE LA PROVINCE DE KHOURIBGA Avril 2017 1 SOMMAIRE INTRODUCTION 4 I-PRESENTATION DE LA PROVINCE 5 1. Localisation géographique 6 2. Climat 6 3. Relief 6 4. Découpage communal et administratif 7 II- ASPECTS DEMOGRAPHIQUES ET 9 SOCIAUX-ECONOMIQUES DE LA POPULATION 1. Evolution de la population 10 2. Répartition de la population par sexe et âge 12 3. Etat matrimonial 14 4. L'âge au 1er mariage 16 5. Fécondité 17 6. Les caractéristiques de l'éducation 18 6.1. Analphabétisme 18 6.2. Scolarisation des enfants âgés de 7 à 12 ans 19 6.3. Niveau d’instruction de la population non scolarisée 20 6.4. Langues lues et écrites 20 7. Activité et chômage 21 7.1. Population active et taux d’activité net 21 7.2. Population active selon la situation dans la profession 22 7.3. Taux de chômage 22 III. MENAGES ET CONDITIONS D'HABITATION 24 DES MENAGES 1. Evolution du nombre de ménages 2004-2014 dans la province 25 2. Conditions d’habitation des ménages 25 2.1. Conditions d’habitation des ménages en milieu urbain 25 2.2. Conditions d’habitation des ménages en milieu rural 26 IV. SECTEURS SOCIAUX 30 1. Education nationale 31 2. Santé 35 3. Justice 38 4. Activités culturelles et loisirs 39 5. Entraide nationale 40 2 V. SECTEURS PRODUCTIFS 41 1. Agriculture et forêts 42 1.1. Agriculture 42 1.2. Elevage 44 1.2. Forêts 45 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Pauvrete, Developpement Humain
    ROYAUME DU MAROC HAUT COMMISSARIAT AU PLAN PAUVRETE, DEVELOPPEMENT HUMAIN ET DEVELOPPEMENT SOCIAL AU MAROC Données cartographiques et statistiques Septembre 2004 Remerciements La présente cartographie de la pauvreté, du développement humain et du développement social est le résultat d’un travail d’équipe. Elle a été élaborée par un groupe de spécialistes du Haut Commissariat au Plan (Observatoire des conditions de vie de la population), formé de Mme Ikira D . (Statisticienne) et MM. Douidich M. (Statisticien-économiste), Ezzrari J. (Economiste), Nekrache H. (Statisticien- démographe) et Soudi K. (Statisticien-démographe). Qu’ils en soient vivement remerciés. Mes remerciements vont aussi à MM. Benkasmi M. et Teto A. d’avoir participé aux travaux préparatoires de cette étude, et à Mr Peter Lanjouw, fondateur de la cartographie de la pauvreté, d’avoir été en contact permanent avec l’ensemble de ces spécialistes. SOMMAIRE Ahmed LAHLIMI ALAMI Haut Commissaire au Plan 2 SOMMAIRE Page Partie I : PRESENTATION GENERALE I. Approche de la pauvreté, de la vulnérabilité et de l’inégalité 1.1. Concepts et mesures 1.2. Indicateurs de la pauvreté et de la vulnérabilité au Maroc II. Objectifs et consistance des indices communaux de développement humain et de développement social 2.1. Objectifs 2.2. Consistance et mesure de l’indice communal de développement humain 2.3. Consistance et mesure de l’indice communal de développement social III. Cartographie de la pauvreté, du développement humain et du développement social IV. Niveaux et évolution de la pauvreté, du développement humain et du développement social 4.1. Niveaux et évolution de la pauvreté 4.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Delegate List As of 25 January 2019
    Delegate List as of 25 January 2019 job title company country Managing Director 7Seas Trading Ltda Brazil Chartering Manager AAL Shipping, USA United States Abo Zaabal Fertilizers & Chemicals - The Chairman Polyserve Group Egypt Ing. Agronomo Abodom Dominican Republic Manager ACF Minera Spain Vice-President Overseas Acron PJSC Russian Federation President Acron USA Inc. United States Consultant Acron USA Inc. United States Gerente Commercial Latin America Actagro United States Vice President, Global Business Development & Strategy Actagro United States Quality Manager Adfert Aditivos Brazil International Sales Adfert Aditivos Brazil Commercial Manager Adfert Aditivos Brazil Research & Development Manager Adfert Aditivos Brazil Gerente Comercial ADM Mexico Sa De Cv Mexico Manager Sales AdvanSix United States Business Director AdvanSix United States Global Sales Manager AdvanSix United States Central & South American Sales Manager AGI Fertilizer Systems United States International Director Fertilizer AGI Fertilizer Systems United States Professional Specialist Agra Group A.s. Czech Republic Economist Agrefert. AR SA Argentina CEO Agricenter Zevilla SA de CV Mexico COO Agricenter Zevilla SA de CV Mexico Managing Director Agri-Chem Corporation Guatemala Executive Director Agrifert Liven International Pte Ltd Singapore Commercial Director Agroconsult Estudos Setoriais Brazil Logistics and Purchasing Manager Agrofactory SA de CV Mexico Executive Director Agrofactory SA de CV Mexico Manager Agrofertrans Ltd Ukraine General Manager Agrogestion
    [Show full text]
  • Morocco and United States Combined Government Procurement Annexes
    Draft Subject to Legal Review for Accuracy, Clarity, and Consistency March 31, 2004 MOROCCO AND UNITED STATES COMBINED GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT ANNEXES ANNEX 9-A-1 CENTRAL LEVEL GOVERNMENT ENTITIES This Chapter applies to procurement by the Central Level Government Entities listed in this Annex where the value of procurement is estimated, in accordance with Article 1:4 - Valuation, to equal or exceed the following relevant threshold. Unless otherwise specified within this Annex, all agencies subordinate to those listed are covered by this Chapter. Thresholds: (To be adjusted according to the formula in Annex 9-E) For procurement of goods and services: $175,000 [Dirham SDR conversion] For procurement of construction services: $ 6,725,000 [Dirham SDR conversion] Schedule of Morocco 1. PRIME MINISTER (1) 2. NATIONAL DEFENSE ADMINISTRATION (2) 3. GENERAL SECRETARIAT OF THE GOVERNMENT 4. MINISTRY OF JUSTICE 5. MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND COOPERATION 6. MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR (3) 7. MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION 8. MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION, EXECUTIVE TRAINING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 9. MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION AND YOUTH 10. MINISTRYOF HEALTH 11. MINISTRY OF FINANCE AND PRIVATIZATION 12. MINISTRY OF TOURISM 13. MINISTRY OF MARITIME FISHERIES 14. MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION 15. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (4) 16. MINISTRY OF SPORT 17. MINISTRY REPORTING TO THE PRIME MINISTER AND CHARGED WITH ECONOMIC AND GENERAL AFFAIRS AND WITH RAISING THE STATUS 1 Draft Subject to Legal Review for Accuracy, Clarity, and Consistency March 31, 2004 OF THE ECONOMY 18. MINISTRY OF HANDICRAFTS AND SOCIAL ECONOMY 19. MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINING (5) 20.
    [Show full text]
  • MPLS VPN Service
    MPLS VPN Service PCCW Global’s MPLS VPN Service provides reliable and secure access to your network from anywhere in the world. This technology-independent solution enables you to handle a multitude of tasks ranging from mission-critical Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), quality videoconferencing and Voice-over-IP (VoIP) to convenient email and web-based applications while addressing traditional network problems relating to speed, scalability, Quality of Service (QoS) management and traffic engineering. MPLS VPN enables routers to tag and forward incoming packets based on their class of service specification and allows you to run voice communications, video, and IT applications separately via a single connection and create faster and smoother pathways by simplifying traffic flow. Independent of other VPNs, your network enjoys a level of security equivalent to that provided by frame relay and ATM. Network diagram Database Customer Portal 24/7 online customer portal CE Router Voice Voice Regional LAN Headquarters Headquarters Data LAN Data LAN Country A LAN Country B PE CE Customer Router Service Portal PE Router Router • Router report IPSec • Traffic report Backup • QoS report PCCW Global • Application report MPLS Core Network Internet IPSec MPLS Gateway Partner Network PE Router CE Remote Router Site Access PE Router Voice CE Voice LAN Router Branch Office CE Data Branch Router Office LAN Country D Data LAN Country C Key benefits to your business n A fully-scalable solution requiring minimal investment
    [Show full text]
  • 04 - 2318236 - Western Sahara Research Project] [Released Under Official Information Act - April 2019] PAGE 24
    [Released under Official Information Act - April 2019] PAGE 23 C2 - Internal Use Only We welcome the withdrawal of all Frente Polisario elements from the Guerguerat area, between the berm and the border with Mauritania, as confirmed by MINURSO observers on 27-28 April. Together with the earlier withdrawal of Moroccan elements from the area, in response to the urging of the Secretary-General, this action should improve the prospects of creating an environment that will facilitate early implementation of the Secretary-General's determination to relaunch the negotiating process with a new dynamic and a new spirit that reflect the Security Council's guidance and resolutions, with the aim of reaching a "mutually acceptable political solution which will provide for the self-determination of the people of Western Sahara". We continue to call on the parties to adhere to their obligations under the ceasefire agreement and to respect both its letter and spirit, and to cooperate fully with MINURSO. The need to ensure that tensions do not erupt anew in the Guerguerat area remains vital. To this end, MINURSO intends to maintain the position it has held in the Buffer Strip since August 20165 and further discuss the Mission 's future monitoring of the area and the full range of issues related to the Buffer Strip with the parties. Stephane Dujarric, Spokesman for the Secretary-General The MINURSO mandate is due to renew in April 2018. As a whole, the EU Court of Justice takes an international law approach to the WS situation. Europe recognises that the WS is a non-self-governing territory, in the process of decolonisation.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocp Reports Earnings for Fourth Quarter 2019
    OCP REPORTS EARNINGS FOR FOURTH QUARTER 2019 Casablanca, Morocco, February 28, 2020 - OCP S.A. (“OCP” or the Company”), a global leader in the fertilizer industry, today reported results for the fourth quarter of 2019, pursuant to the AMMC (Moroccan Capital Market Authority) circular 03/19 on financial transactions and information, dated February 20, 2019 and issued in the Official Bulletin on June 7th 2019. OCP Group will report its detailed full year results on March 24th 2020. KEY INDICATORS (In millions of dirhams) FY-2019 FY-2018 4Q-2019 4Q-2018 Revenue 54 092 55 906 11 638 14 806 Capital expenditures 13 964 10 801 5 456 3 601 PRESS RELEASE FOURTH QUARTER 2019 FINANCIAL RESULTS For the fourth quarter of 2019, revenues reached MAD 11,638 million, compared with MAD 14,806 million in the fourth quarter of 2018. The decrease is mainly driven by lower fertilizer prices due to challenging market conditions over the quarter compared to the same period last year. The Group is pursuing its investment program with capital expenditures reaching MAD 5,456 million in the fourth quarter of 2019, compared to MAD 3,601 million in the year-ago period. ABOUT OCP GROUP OCP Group is a leading global fertilizer player, with almost a century of history serving the phosphate industry and agriculture. OCP offers a wide range of fertilizers used to enrich the soil and meet local crop needs. Fully integrated throughout the value chain, the Group has a unique position in the industry through a significant presence in the three segments of the value chain: phosphate, phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizers.
    [Show full text]