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The Influences of Transformational Leadership and Transactional Educational Innovations and Applications- Tijus, Meen, Chang ISBN: 978-981-14-2064-1 freedom that preschool teachers enjoy with respect to the use discussed. of information technology in their classes, and more • Significant positive correlation between the use of The Influences of Transformational Leadership and Transactional Leadership on Job specifically, the ways in which they integrate information aesthetic education activities and aesthetic education Satisfaction of Faculty Members in New Taipei City Cram Schools technology into teaching when there are no fixed teaching content factors contents, teaching objectives, and teaching resources. Even • Significant positive correlation between teachers’ Tian-Syung Lan1,a, I-Hsiung Chang2,b, Tsz-Ching Ma3, though many studies have indicated that information elementary knowledge of information technology and technology can be integrated into the various stages of aesthetic education content factors. 1 Professor of Yu Da University of Science and Technology 2Professor of Toko University teaching, they also found that issues such as a lack of software • Significant positive correlation between equipment and 3Deputy Director of Elite International Educational Group and hardware, insufficient administrative support, a lack of administrative resources and aesthetic education content No. 168, Hsueh-fu Rd., Tanwen Village, Chaochiao Township No.51, Sec. 2, Xuefu Rd., Puzi City professionalism among teachers, and a lack of willingness factors. No. 1-2, Haishan Road, Banqiao District among teachers can hinder this process. • Significant positive correlation between the current state of information technology integration into aesthetic Miaoli County Taiwan ROC Chiayi County Taiwan ROC 4. Application of information technology in preschool education and aesthetic education content factors New Taipei City Taiwan ROC teaching 886-933262338 [email protected] 886-982009000 [email protected] Information technology is not affected by time and space References 886-989627206 [email protected] constraints; offers immediate, swift, and convenient usability; and provides visual content that is rich, diverse, and interesting [1] P. J. B. Tan, Applying the UTAUT to understand factors affecting Abstract the subordinates’ motivation, morale, and performance through [4],[5]. the use of English e-learning websites in Taiwan. Sage Open, 3(4), different methods [6]. This study utilized the dimensions of teaching that integrate 2158244013503837. 2013, Retrieved 17 March 2016 from Facing the dropping birth rate in Taiwan, the number of Transformational leadership is considered a relationship that a information technology as the basis for exploring the ttp://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2158244013503837 first-grade students is also falling. However, the number of cram leader and his subordinates could encourage and educate each integration of information technology into teaching [6], such [2] E. Geist, Using tablet computers with toddlers and young school is rising oppositely. There is simply not enough to go other. The leader should be the booster of moral and will educate as internet search engines, computer software, information preschoolers. Young Children, 2014, 69(1), 58-63. around for cram school to survive in the industry. Internally, great his subordinates to be the next leader. D. H. Clements, B. K. Nastasi, Handbook of research on the equipment and hardware, multimedia software, digital [3] leadership method is needed to bring the team to reach a education of young children, Electronic Media and Early information equipment, social platforms. wonderful achievement. Childhood Education, New York: Macmillan. 1993, pp. 251-275. B. Transactional leadership As the result of this research, the employees led under the [4] S.Eryilmaz, H. Adalar, A. Icinak, E- Learning as a teaching Transactional leadership (managerial leadership) emphasizes 5. The concept of aesthetic education for young children strategy actively used in FATIH Project. European Journal of transformational leadership or transactional leadership have large transaction between leaders and subordinates. It is considered as Dewey, J. et al. [7] proposed that we should develop a sense Educational Research, 2015, 4(1), 38-47. differences on both inner and outer job satisfaction. the consolidation of leader-member exchange theory and of aesthetics through everyday experiences, and allow these [5] Tan, P. J. B. English e-learning in the virtual classroom and the path-goal theory [2]. experiences to form an aesthetically “complete experience [8].” factors that influence ESL (English as a Second Language): Keywords: cram school, Transformational Leadership, According to Bass, the transactional leader had two main A complete experience involves the balanced interaction of Taiwanese citizens’ acceptance and use of the Modular Transactional Leadership, Job Satisfaction, Taiwan factors. One is a leader can provide a contingent reward to four elements, namely, consummation, unity, doing, and Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment. Social Science subordinates. Subordinate understand clearly that achieving goals undergoing [9]. Information, 2015, 54(2), 211–228. Introduction could receive the same level of reward. The other one is [6] B. Courtney, (2013). Teacher practices with mobile technology management by exception. In a positive way, the leader focuses integrating tablet computers into the early childhood classroom. Research Questions This research mainly discusses the influences of leadership on fixing the rules and standards which are no longer on track. Journal of Education Research, 2013, 7(4), 231-255. styles in employees’ job satisfaction in cram schools. The In a negative way, the leader might leave negative comments to • [7] J. Dewey, et al., Art and Education: A CokIection of Essavs (3d Does utilizing the information technology affect aesthetic environment of business changes much faster recently than it was subordinates’ failure according to the agreement made teaching performance? ed.). Merion, Pennsylvania: The Bmes Foundation Press. 1954 (1929). before. Leadership style is being considered an important part in previously. • Does using the information technology to teach for the [8] J. Dewey, Art as experiences. New York: Minton, Baich and determining the success of a company. aesthetic teaching improve students’ learning Company.1934, The huge different trends of cram schools and new-born baby C. Job Satisfaction effectiveness? [9] S. Z. Marina, Reflections on Aesthetic Teaching. Art Education, show that the managerial environment of a company is difficult Job satisfaction was viewed by Smith, Kendall, and Huh as the 65(1), 6-10. NAEYC (1996). NAEYC position statement: for cram schools in Taiwan as the number of potential customers level to which employees, achieve positive results related to the Research methods Technology and young children--ages three through eight. Young is decreasing every year. In this situation, the ways leaders lead work through positive attitude and effective orientation [7]. Children, 2012, 51(6), 11-16. their subordinates are important to cram schools maintaining its Later Gruneberg [8] defined job satisfaction as the individual’s Research participants: The research sample for this study business in the industry. psychological response and attitude toward some specific jobs. consisted of 149 preschools in New Taipei City and a total of However, studies about the relationship between leadership Spector [9] essentially considered that job satisfaction was the 1,214 teachers. 36 preschools (three from each of 12 styles and job satisfaction within lately fifteen years are mostly administrative districts) were randomly sampled. These positive or negative feeling of the level of satisfaction for the job, preschools were contacted via phone and invited to participate about business companies or elementary schools. There are too which could also be considered as the level that an individual in the questionnaire survey. They were then briefed on the few studies had been done to discuss the situation in crams school. likes his job. study's purpose and requested to provide consent, after which Under this circumstance, this study will focus on discussing cram A more recent definition stated by Hulin and Judge of the the questionnaires were delivered and collected in person or schools in New Taipei City. concept of job satisfaction considered it as how a person via mail. perceives a job, and the extent to which one likes a job [10]. Literature Review Maurya & Kaushik [11] considered job satisfaction as a content Conclusion how an employee’s behavior at his or her work when Susanty, A. Transformational leadership Miradipta, & Jie [12] described it as “how much happy an With regard to the survey results, background characteristics Transformational leadership appeared in the study from Burns individual is with his job”. of teachers in public preschools in Taipei, information [1] about political leadership. It was confirmed as a new technology integration into aesthetic education, and aesthetic leadership theory by Bass [2], Bennis & Naus [3], Sergiovanni Research Method education content are discussed first. Afterward, current state [4], and Jantzi & Leithwood [5]. This leadership style was of information technology integration into aesthetic education defined by Downtown in 1973 as a leadership which creates A. Research Framework and aesthetic education content factors were summarized and positive
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