The Ritual Path of Initiation Into the Eleusinian Mysteries (C) 2009, Mara Lynn Keller, Ph.D
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Demeter and Dionysos: Connections in Literature, Cult and Iconography Kathryn Cook April 2011
Demeter and Dionysos: Connections in Literature, Cult and Iconography Kathryn Cook April 2011 Demeter and Dionysos are two gods among the Greek pantheon who are not often paired up by modern scholars; however, evidence from a number of sources alluding to myth, cult and iconography shows that there are similarities and connections observable from our present point of view, that were commented upon by contemporary authors. This paper attempts to examine the similarities and connections between Demeter and Dionysos up through the Classical period. These two deities were not always entwined in myth. Early evidence of gods in the Linear B tablets mention Dionysos as the name of a deity, but Demeter’s name does not appear in the records until later. Over the centuries (up to approximately the 6th century as mentioned in this paper), Demeter and Dionysos seem to have been depicted together in cult and in literature more and more often. In particular, the figure of Iacchos in the Eleusinian cult seems to form a bridging element between the two which grew from being a personification of the procession for Demeter, into being a Dionysos figure who participated in her cult. Literature: Demeter and Dionysos have some interesting parallels in literature. To begin with, they are both rarely mentioned in the Homeric poems, compared to other gods like Hera or Athena. In the Iliad, neither Demeter nor Dionysos plays a role as a main character. Instead they are mentioned in passing, as an example or as an element of an epic simile.1 These two divine figures are present even less often in the Odyssey, though this is perhaps a reflection of the fewer appearances of the gods overall, they are 1 Demeter: 2.696. -
Beyond Mysteries
The Hybrid History of Ancient Eleusis Cluster of Excellence “Religion and Politics” International Conference of the Cluster of Excellence Situated at the crossroads of ancient Greek history, The Cluster of Excellence “Religion and Politics. Dynamics “Religion and Politics” Eleusis was subject to changing fortunes in the world. of Tradition and Innovation” has been investigating since From an Athenian perspective, Eleusis marked the 2007 the complex relationship between religion and fringes of their territory. From everybody else’s point of politics across eras and cultures. In the funding phase Beyond Mysteries view, it was either a destination or a gateway: to from 2019 to 2025, the 140 researchers from 20 Athens, the Saronic region and Aegean, Central Greece, disciplines in the humanities and social sciences analyze The Hybrid History of Ancient Eleusis or the Peloponnese. in transepochal studies ranging from antiquity to the present day the factors that make religion the motor of The conference explores this inherent status of in- political and social change. The research network is the September 30 to October 2, 2021| Conference betweenness. It invites approaches that appreciate the largest of its kind in Germany; and, of the Clusters of local horizon as a sphere where different vectors of Excellence, one of the oldest and the only one to deal with Center Stadthotel Münster and Zoom culture touch, both complementarily and conflictually, the issue of religion. It will receive funding of 31 million to shape a hybrid history of place; for instance, an euros from 2019 to 2025. amalgamation of diverse natural environments and different political entities; of boundedness and Contact entanglement; imaginaries of isolation and belonging; Cluster of Excellence „Religion and Politics“ material and immaterial expressions in culture that Johannisstraße 1, 48143 Münster were in themselves fused by local, regional, and [email protected] universal practices. -
Kythera Summer Edition 2018
KYTHERA Summer Edition 2018 FOUNDERρΙΔΡΥΤΗΣό ©METAXIA POULOS • PUBLISHERό DIMITRIS KYRIAKOPOULOS • EDITORό DEBORAH PARSONS • WRITERSό ELIAS ANAGNOSTOU, ANNA COMINOS, SALLY COMINOS-DAKIN, FIONA CUNNINGHAM, EVGENIA GIANNINI, DOMNA KONTARATOU, MARIA KOUKOULI, THEODOROS KOUKOULIS, DIMITRIS KOUTRAFOURIS, ALEXIA NIKIFORAKI, PIA PANARETOS, AGLAIA PAPAOICONOMOU, ASPASIA PATTY, DAPHNE PETROCHILOS, IPPOLYTOS PREKAS, YIANNIS PROTOPSALTIS, JOY TATARAKI, ELIAS TZIRITIS, NIKOS TSIOPE- LAS • ARTWORKό DAPHNE PETROHILOS• PHOTOGRAPHYό DIMITRIS BALTZIS, CHRISSA FATSEAS, VENIA KAROLIDOU, STEPHEN TRIFYLLIS, EVANGELOS TSIGARIDAS • PROOF READINGό PAULA CASSIMATIS, JOY TATARAKI • LAYOUT ζ DESIGNό MYRTO BOLOTA • EDITORIALρADVERTISINGξΣΥΝΤΑΞΗρΔΙΑΦΗΜΙΣΕΙΣό 69φφ-55σ7τς, e-mailό kse.σ99υ@yahoo.gr FREE COMMUNITY PAPER • ΕΛΛΗΝΟξΑΓΓΛΙΚΗ ΕΚΔΟΣΗ • ΑΝΕΞ ΑΡΤΗΤΗ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΕΦΗΜΕΡΙΔΑ • ΔΙΑΝΕΜΕΤΑΙ ΔΩΡΕΑΝ George & Viola Haros and family wish everyone a Happy Summer in Kythera Distributing quality food, beverage, cleaning and packaging products to the Foodservice Industry wwwοstgeorgefoodserviceοcomοau All the right ingredients Ανοιχτά από τις 9.00 π.μ. έως αργά το βράδυ για καφέ, μεζέ και φαγητό MYLOPOTAMOS Καλλιόπη Καρύδη τηλ.: 27360-33397 και όλα μέλι-γάλα pure Kytherian thyme honey τχςξγοατία ςξσ ΙΠΠΟΛΥΤΟΥ ΠΡΕΚΑ θυμαρίσιο μέλι αωορίαε! welcome! Κυθήρων Έλίπλίίωί“”ίμί’ίίίμίίΚξ ΜΗΤΑΤΑ Κύθηρα Ρίίίμίμωίμπωξ τηλ.: 27360-33010, 6978-350952, 6977-692745 Ωί:ίίΑίίΑμ ΤαίίJeanνAntoineίWatteauίίίΑπξ Έίίίπλίίίίίξ Σίίμίίίίίξί ηΗΛξΑΝξίσρς8θ What is it that has brought you to Aphrodite’s -
Athenians and Eleusinians in the West Pediment of the Parthenon
ATHENIANS AND ELEUSINIANS IN THE WEST PEDIMENT OF THE PARTHENON (PLATE 95) T HE IDENTIFICATION of the figuresin the west pedimentof the Parthenonhas long been problematic.I The evidencereadily enables us to reconstructthe composition of the pedimentand to identify its central figures.The subsidiaryfigures, however, are rath- er more difficult to interpret. I propose that those on the left side of the pediment may be identifiedas membersof the Athenian royal family, associatedwith the goddessAthena, and those on the right as membersof the Eleusinian royal family, associatedwith the god Posei- don. This alignment reflects the strife of the two gods on a heroic level, by referringto the legendary war between Athens and Eleusis. The recognition of the disjunctionbetween Athenians and Eleusinians and of parallelism and contrastbetween individualsand groups of figures on the pedimentpermits the identificationof each figure. The referenceto Eleusis in the pediment,moreover, indicates the importanceof that city and its majorcult, the Eleu- sinian Mysteries, to the Athenians. The referencereflects the developmentand exploitation of Athenian control of the Mysteries during the Archaic and Classical periods. This new proposalfor the identificationof the subsidiaryfigures of the west pedimentthus has critical I This article has its origins in a paper I wrote in a graduateseminar directedby ProfessorJohn Pollini at The Johns Hopkins University in 1979. I returned to this paper to revise and expand its ideas during 1986/1987, when I held the Jacob Hirsch Fellowship at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. In the summer of 1988, I was given a grant by the Committeeon Research of Tulane University to conduct furtherresearch for the article. -
INSCRIPTIONS from ATTICA 27 Inscriptions
INSCRIPTIONSFROM ATTICA (PLATE 15: b, c, d) JTN THE course of the years 1947, 1948, and 1949 the undersignedhave made a series of excursions in Attica, as time and their other duties permitted, for the purpose of making squeezes of inscriptions in the outlying areaS-for the collection at the Institute for Advanced Study. Among the many inscriptions already known, a few new pieces turned up which we publish below. We add also a few comments on some previously published texts. 1. Dedication to Pythian Apollo (Plate 15, b) Church of the Panagia, Merenda, southeast of Markopoulo, site of the ancient deme of Myrrhinous. Found in June 1948 lying in front of the church where it had probably been at least since 1929 to judge by the graffito on the face. Probably dis- covered somewhere in the immediate neighborhood. Brought to the Epigraphical Museum, Athens, March 1949; now E.M. 13,120. The stone is a rectangular pillar of Hymettian marble which tapers slightly towards the top. It is broken below and it has been re-worked above at the back to a rough curving surface as if someone had started to make it into a capital for the window column of a church. The sides are dressed with a toothed chisel at the edges and are smooth picked at the center. The back is rough picked. The letters run vertically from top to bottom. The inscription is complete at the right (lower) end, and only a little is missing at the left (top) as the meter shows. The inscribed face is marred by a modern graffito consisting of the name Stelios Katroulis, the date 1929, a cross and a steamboat. -
Resounding Mysteries: Sound and Silence in the Eleusinian Soundscape
Body bar (print) issn 2057–5823 and bar (online) issn 2057–5831 Religion Article Resounding mysteries: sound and silence in the Eleusinian soundscape Georgia Petridou Abstract The term ‘soundscape’, as coined by the Canadian composer R. Murray Schafer at the end of the 1960s, refers to the part of the acoustic environment that is per- ceivable by humans. This study attempts to reconstruct roughly the Eleusinian ‘soundscape’ (the words and the sounds made and heard, and those others who remained unheard) as participants in the Great Mysteries of the two Goddesses may have perceived it in the Classical and post-Classical periods. Unlike other mystery cults (e.g. the Cult of Cybele and Attis) whose soundscapes have been meticulously investigated, the soundscape of Eleusis has received relatively little attention, since the visual aspect of the Megala Mysteria of Demeter and Kore has for decades monopolised the scholarly attention. This study aims at putting things right on this front, and simultaneously look closely at the relational dynamic of the acoustic segment of Eleusis as it can be surmised from the work of well-known orators and philosophers of the first and second centuries ce. Keywords: Demeter; Eleusis; Kore; mysteries; silence; sound; soundscape Affiliation University of Liverpool, UK. email: [email protected] bar vol 2.1 2018 68–87 doi: https://doi.org/10.1558/bar.36485 ©2018, equinox publishing RESOUNDING MYSTERIES: SOUND AND SILENCE IN THE ELEUSINIAN SOUNDSCAPE 69 Sound, like breath, is experienced as a movement of coming and going, inspiration and expiration. If that is so, then we should say of the body, as it sings, hums, whistles or speaks, that it is ensounded. -
7Th Grade Lesson Plan: It's Greek to Me: Greek Mythology
7th grade Lesson Plan: It’s Greek to me: Greek Mythology Overview This series of lessons was designed to meet the needs of gifted children for extension beyond the standard curriculum with the greatest ease of use for the edu- cator. The lessons may be given to the students for individual self-guided work, or they may be taught in a classroom or a home-school setting. This particular lesson plan is primarily effective in a classroom setting. Assessment strategies and rubrics are included. The lessons were developed by Lisa Van Gemert, M.Ed.T., the Mensa Foundation’s Gifted Children Specialist. Introduction Greek mythology is not only interesting, but it is also the foundation of allusion and character genesis in literature. In this lesson plan, students will gain an understanding of Greek mythology and the Olympian gods and goddesses. Learning Objectives Materials After completing the lessons in this unit, students l D’Aulaires’ Book of Greek Myths by Ingri and will be able to: Edgar Parin D’Aulaire l Understand the Greek view of creation. l The Gods and Goddesses of Olympus by Aliki l Understand the terms Chaos, Gaia, Uranus, Cro- l The Mighty 12: Superheroes of Greek Myths by nus, Zeus, Rhea, Hyperboreans, Ethiopia, Mediter- Charles Smith ranean, and Elysian Fields. l Greek Myths and Legends by Cheryl Evans l Describe the Greek view of the world’s geogra- l Mythology by Edith Hamilton (which served as a phy. source for this lesson plan) l Identify the names and key features of the l A paper plate for each student Olympian gods/goddesses. -
Marathon 2,500 Years Edited by Christopher Carey & Michael Edwards
MARATHON 2,500 YEARS EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SUPPLEMENT 124 DIRECTOR & GENERAL EDITOR: JOHN NORTH DIRECTOR OF PUBLICATIONS: RICHARD SIMPSON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS PROCEEDINGS OF THE MARATHON CONFERENCE 2010 EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON 2013 The cover image shows Persian warriors at Ishtar Gate, from before the fourth century BC. Pergamon Museum/Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin. Photo Mohammed Shamma (2003). Used under CC‐BY terms. All rights reserved. This PDF edition published in 2019 First published in print in 2013 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Available to download free at http://www.humanities-digital-library.org ISBN: 978-1-905670-81-9 (2019 PDF edition) DOI: 10.14296/1019.9781905670819 ISBN: 978-1-905670-52-9 (2013 paperback edition) ©2013 Institute of Classical Studies, University of London The right of contributors to be identified as the authors of the work published here has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Designed and typeset at the Institute of Classical Studies TABLE OF CONTENTS Introductory note 1 P. J. Rhodes The battle of Marathon and modern scholarship 3 Christopher Pelling Herodotus’ Marathon 23 Peter Krentz Marathon and the development of the exclusive hoplite phalanx 35 Andrej Petrovic The battle of Marathon in pre-Herodotean sources: on Marathon verse-inscriptions (IG I3 503/504; Seg Lvi 430) 45 V. -
The Protrepticus of Clement of Alexandria: a Commentary
Miguel Herrero de Jáuregui THE PROTREPTICUS OF CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA: A COMMENTARY to; ga;r yeu'do" ouj yilh'/ th'/ paraqevsei tajlhqou'" diaskedavnnutai, th'/ de; crhvsei th'" ajlhqeiva" ejkbiazovmenon fugadeuvetai. La falsedad no se dispersa por la simple comparación con la verdad, sino que la práctica de la verdad la fuerza a huir. Protréptico 8.77.3 PREFACIO Una tesis doctoral debe tratar de contribuir al avance del conocimiento humano en su disciplina, y la pretensión de que este comentario al Protréptico tenga la máxima utilidad posible me obliga a escribirla en inglés porque es la única lengua que hoy casi todos los interesados pueden leer. Pero no deja de ser extraño que en la casa de Nebrija se deje de lado la lengua castellana. La deuda que contraigo ahora con el español sólo se paliará si en el futuro puedo, en compensación, “dar a los hombres de mi lengua obras en que mejor puedan emplear su ocio”. Empiezo ahora a saldarla, empleándola para estos agradecimientos, breves en extensión pero no en sinceridad. Mi gratitud va, en primer lugar, al Cardenal Don Gil Álvarez de Albornoz, fundador del Real Colegio de España, a cuya generosidad y previsión debo dos años provechosos y felices en Bolonia. Al Rector, José Guillermo García-Valdecasas, que administra la herencia de Albornoz con ejemplar dedicación, eficacia y amor a la casa. A todas las personas que trabajan en el Colegio y hacen que cumpla con creces los objetivos para los que se fundó. Y a mis compañeros bolonios durante estos dos años. Ha sido un honor muy grato disfrutar con todos ellos de la herencia albornociana. -
Greek Characters
Amphitrite - Wife to Poseidon and a water nymph. Poseidon - God of the sea and son to Cronos and Rhea. The Trident is his symbol. Arachne - Lost a weaving contest to Athene and was turned into a spider. Father was a dyer of wool. Athene - Goddess of wisdom. Daughter of Zeus who came out of Zeus’s head. Eros - Son of Aphrodite who’s Roman name is Cupid; Shoots arrows to make people fall in love. Demeter - Goddess of the harvest and fertility. Daughter of Cronos and Rhea. Hades - Ruler of the underworld, Tartaros. Son of Cronos and Rhea. Brother to Zeus and Poseidon. Hermes - God of commerce, patron of liars, thieves, gamblers, and travelers. The messenger god. Persephone - Daughter of Demeter. Painted the flowers of the field and was taken to the underworld by Hades. Daedalus - Greece’s greatest inventor and architect. Built the Labyrinth to house the Minotaur. Created wings to fly off the island of Crete. Icarus - Flew too high to the sun after being warned and died in the sea which was named after him. Son of Daedalus. Oranos - Titan of the Sky. Son of Gaia and father to Cronos. Aphrodite - Born from the foam of Oceanus and the blood of Oranos. She’s the goddess of Love and beauty. Prometheus - Known as mankind’s first friend. Was tied to a Mountain and liver eaten forever. Son of Oranos and Gaia. Gave fire and taught men how to hunt. Apollo - God of the sun and also medicine, gold, and music. Son of Zeus and Leto. Baucis - Old peasant woman entertained Zeus and Hermes. -
Aspects of the Demeter/Persephone Myth in Modern Fiction
Aspects of the Demeter/Persephone myth in modern fiction Janet Catherine Mary Kay Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy (Ancient Cultures) at the University of Stellenbosch Supervisor: Dr Sjarlene Thom December 2006 I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis is my own original work and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it at any university for a degree. Signature: ………………………… Date: ……………… 2 THE DEMETER/PERSEPHONE MYTH IN MODERN FICTION TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. Introduction: The Demeter/Persephone Myth in Modern Fiction 4 1.1 Theories for Interpreting the Myth 7 2. The Demeter/Persephone Myth 13 2.1 Synopsis of the Demeter/Persephone Myth 13 2.2 Commentary on the Demeter/Persephone Myth 16 2.3 Interpretations of the Demeter/Persephone Myth, Based on Various 27 Theories 3. A Fantasy Novel for Teenagers: Treasure at the Heart of the Tanglewood 38 by Meredith Ann Pierce 3.1 Brown Hannah – Winter 40 3.2 Green Hannah – Spring 54 3.3 Golden Hannah – Summer 60 3.4 Russet Hannah – Autumn 67 4. Two Modern Novels for Adults 72 4.1 The novel: Chocolat by Joanne Harris 73 4.2 The novel: House of Women by Lynn Freed 90 5. Conclusion 108 5.1 Comparative Analysis of Identified Motifs in the Myth 110 References 145 3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The question that this thesis aims to examine is how the motifs of the myth of Demeter and Persephone have been perpetuated in three modern works of fiction, which are Treasure at the Heart of the Tanglewood by Meredith Ann Pierce, Chocolat by Joanne Harris and House of Women by Lynn Freed. -
Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996
Kernos Revue internationale et pluridisciplinaire de religion grecque antique 12 | 1999 Varia Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996 Angelos Chaniotis, Joannis Mylonopoulos and Eftychia Stavrianopoulou Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/kernos/724 DOI: 10.4000/kernos.724 ISSN: 2034-7871 Publisher Centre international d'étude de la religion grecque antique Printed version Date of publication: 1 January 1999 Number of pages: 207-292 ISSN: 0776-3824 Electronic reference Angelos Chaniotis, Joannis Mylonopoulos and Eftychia Stavrianopoulou, « Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996 », Kernos [Online], 12 | 1999, Online since 13 April 2011, connection on 15 September 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/kernos/724 Kernos Kemos, 12 (1999), p. 207-292. Epigtoaphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1996 (EBGR 1996) The ninth issue of the BEGR contains only part of the epigraphie harvest of 1996; unforeseen circumstances have prevented me and my collaborators from covering all the publications of 1996, but we hope to close the gaps next year. We have also made several additions to previous issues. In the past years the BEGR had often summarized publications which were not primarily of epigraphie nature, thus tending to expand into an unavoidably incomplete bibliography of Greek religion. From this issue on we return to the original scope of this bulletin, whieh is to provide information on new epigraphie finds, new interpretations of inscriptions, epigraphieal corpora, and studies based p;imarily on the epigraphie material. Only if we focus on these types of books and articles, will we be able to present the newpublications without delays and, hopefully, without too many omissions.