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Essential Facts About the League of Nations

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Essential Facts About the League of Nations /LA/ S' ESSENTIAL FACTS ABOUT THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS GENEVA 1936 S.O N 5311/ x. New Buildings of the heague 2. International Labour Office 3. Former Buildings of the League (1920-1935) ESSENTIAL FACTS ABOUT THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS SIXTH EDITION (REVISED) GEN EVA 1936 INFORMATION SECTION \ At this difficult and anxious period in the life of peoples and Governments, the League of Nations has not failed in its duty. The year that has just passed has witnessed the close of a conflict between sister nations in South America, thanks to the efforts of the American States, encouraged and supported by the League. At present it is the war in Ethiopia which gives us most concern. The world has fixed its attention on the measures which the Members of the League are taking to hasten the end of the dispute. The 1935 Assembly will, in this respect, be historical. It did all it could to secure a peaceful settlement and, as its President, M. Benes, said It was equal to its task . without unnecessary verbosity or grandiloquence, listening to the speeches with understanding and satisfaction . despite the difficulties of the moment . taking care to defend and invoke the Covenant everywhere and always and doing its best to safeguard the dignity of the countries concerned and to leave open the path to future agreement Despite the gravity and urgency of the questions with which it has to deal, the League has not slackened for an instant in its constructive and humaniiarian activities. Whatever may be thought of it and Us evolution during recent years, it remains the living expression of the desire felt by States for an international order of things, based on the recognition of mutual obligations and providing security and peace for all peoples. NOTE This publication, which has been prepared by the Informa- tion Section of the League of Nations Secretariat, is not to be regarded as an official document for which the League of Nations is responsible. Passages from the text of the Covenant of the League of Nations appear in heavy type. The complete text of the Covenant is included at the end of this brochure. The information herein contained has been revised down to December 31st, 1935. — 7 — TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I CONSTITUTION AND ORGANISATION Page I. THR STATES MEMBERS OF THE TEAGUE. 13 II. THE TEAGUE OP NATIONS 15 III. THE ORGANS OF THE TEAGUE : A. THE ASSEMBLY 21 B. THE COUNCIL 33 C. THE PERMANENT SECRETARIAT 49 IV. AUXITIARY ORGANISATIONS 56 V. THE INTERNATIONAT TABOUR ORGANI- SATION 58 VI. THE PERMANENT COURT OF INTERNA- TIONAT JUSTICE 66 VII. THE BUDGET OF THE TEAGUE 73 PART II POTITICAT ACTIVITIES OF THE TEAGUE I. ORGANISATION OF PEACE : A. PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES 81 B. SECURITY 91 S. d. N. 1.630 (F.), 3.075 (A.). 3/36. — Impr. del’OFFiCE DE PUBLICITE, Brux. — 8 — Page C. DISARMAMENT 100 D. CONVENTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES AND SECURITY. 108 E. POLITICAL DISPUTES DEALT WITH BY THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS 117 II. THE MANDATES SYSTEM 145 III. PROTECTION OF MINORITIES 153 IV. THE HIGH COMMISSARIAT FOR THE FREE CITY OF DANZIG 158 V. THE GOVERNING COMMISSION OF THE SAAR TERRITORY 160 VI. THE COMMISSION OF ENQUIRY FOR EUROPEAN UNION 164 PART III TECHNICAL WORK OF THE LEAGUE I. ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL WORK 167 II. COMMUNICATIONS AND TRANSIT 182 III. HEALTH 191 IV. INTELLECTUAL CO-OPERATION 198 V. SOCIAL AND HUMANITARIAN WORK 205 VI. CAMPAIGN AGAINST NARCOTICS 212 VII. REFUGEE RELIEF WORK 222 — 9 — Page VIII. SLAVERY 224 IX. TECHNICAL CO-OPERATION OP THE LEAGUE WITH THE CHINESE GOVERN- MENT 225 PART IV ACTIVITIES RELATED TO THE LEAGUE I. SPECIAL INSTITUTES 229 II. INTERNATIONAL BUREAUX 234 III. THE RED CROSS 235 IV. THE INTERNATIONAL RELIEF UNION. 235 PART V RELATIONS WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD I. PUBLICITY 239 II. THE SALES DEPARTMENT: CATALOGUES. 241 III. THE PRESS 241 IV. THE INFORMATION SECTION 242 V. LIAISON WITH PRIVATE ORGANISATIONS 243 VI. THE LIBRARY 243 VII. RADIO-NATIONS 244 VIII. BUILDINGS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS 247 IX. SPECIAL STAMPS 250 10 PART VI ANNEXES Page I. THE COVENANT 253 II. HISTORICAE SUMMARY270 III. CONVENTIONS AND AGREEMENTS CON- CEUDED UNDER THE AUSPICES OP THE EEAGUE 2 88 IV. PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVES TO THE EEAGUE OF NATIONS 293 V. INDEX 296 PLANS AND CHARTS Site of the League Buildings Frontispiece , , Page The States Members of the League. Inset between 12 and 13 Map of Europe and of the World. Inset between 16 and 17 Organisation of the League 24-25 States which have sat as Non-permanent Members of the Council 47 Upper Silesia (Map) x2i Gran Chaco Territory (Map) 129 Settlement of the Assyrians of Iraq (Map) 134 Leticia Trapezium (Map) 136 Ethiopia and Neighbouring Countries (Map) 141 Mandated Territories (Map) 146 States which have assumed International Obligations towards Minorities (Map) 154 Territory of the Free City of Danzig (Map) 158 Saar Territory (Map) 160 New International Road Signals (Chart) 186 Singapore Bureau Wireless Stations (Map) 192 Range of Communication from Radio-Nations (Chart). 245 Plan of the New League Buildings 248 PART I CONSTITUTION AND ORGANISATION * STATES MEMBERS 4 5 Area Popula- Inhabi- (thou- tion at tants Country. sands end of per Capital. of sq. 1933 (in sq. km. km.), millions). Afghanistan (3) 650 7.0 10.8 Kabul Union of South Africa (1)... 1,222 8.4 6.9 Pretoria (1931) Albania (2). .. 28 1.1 36.5 Tirana (1930) Argentine Re- public (2) ... 2,793 12.0 4.3 Buenos Aires (1934) Australia (1) .. 7,704 6.7 0.9 Canberra (1933) Austria (3).... 84 6.8 80.5 Vienna (1934) Belgium (1). 30 8.2 269.8 Brussels (1933) Bolivia (1) .... i,333 (a) 3-o 2.3 La Paz (1932) United King- dom of Great Britain and Northern Ire- land (1)... 244 46.6 191.0 London (1931) 10. Bulgaria (3) . 103 6.0 57.8 Sofia (1934) 11. Canada (1).. 9,542 10.8 1.1 Ottawa (1931) 12. Chile (2) .... 742 (a) 4.4 5.9 Santiago (1930) 13- China (1) ... II,i°3(a)45o.o 40.5 Nanking (1931) !4. Colombia (2) 1,162 9.0 7.7 Bogota (1933) 15- Cuba (1) .... 114 4.1 35.1 Havana (1933) 16. Czechoslo vakia (1).. 140 15.0 107.1 Prague (1930) 17- Denmark (2) 43 3-6 84.4 Copenhagen (1930) 18. Dominican Re public (3) . 5° i*3 26. o Ciudad Frujillo (1932) a a 1 19- Ecuador (1). ( ) 307 ( ) 2.0 6.5 Quito (1932) l ) 20. Estonia (3).. 48 1.1 23.7 Tallinn (1934) 21. Ethiopia (3). (a) 900 (a) 5.5 6.1 Addis Ababa 22. Finland (3).. 388 3.5 9.0 Helsinki (1933) 23- France (1) .. 551 41-9 76.0 Paris (1931) 24- Greece (1) .. 130 6.6 50.8 Athens (1932) 25- Guatemala (1 no 2.2 20.0 Guatemala (1930) 26. Haiti (1) 26 (a) 2.6 96.9 Port-au-Prince 27. Honduras (1) 120 0.9 7.1 Tegucigalpa (1930) 28. Hungary (3). 93 8.8 95.0 Budapest (1933) 29. India (1).... 4,684 363.1 77.5 Delhi (1931) 30. Iran (Persia) (2 1,626 (a) 9.0 5.5 Teheran (1931) a 31- Iraq (3) ( ) 302 (a) 3.3 10.9 Baghdad (1929) 32. Irish Free State (3).. 69 3-o 42.6 Dublin (1932) ] 33- Italy (1) .... 310 42.2 136.1 Rome (1931) 34- Latvia (3) ... 66 1.9 29.4 Riga (1930) 35- Liberia (1) .. 120 (a) 2.5 20.8 Monrovia 36. Lithuania (3) 56 2-5 44.0 Kaunas (1934) 37- Luxemburg (3) 3 03 116.4 Luxemburg (1930) 33. Mexico (3) .... 1,969 17.6 8.9 Mexico (1931) 39- Netherlands (2) 34 8-3 242.3 The Hague (1934) 40. New Zealand(i) 268 i-5 5.4 Wellington (1934) 41. Nicaragua (1) 128 (a) 0.8 6.3 Managua (1926) 42. Norway (2) . 323 2.9 8.8 Oslo (I930) Panama (1). 5.7 Panama (1930) 43- 84 a o-5 44- Paraguay (2) 458 ( ) 0.9 1.9 Asuncion (1933) 45- Peru (2) .... 1,249 (a) 6.7 5.4 Lima (1931) 46. Poland (1) .. 388 33° 85.0 Warsaw (1931) 47- Portugal (1). 93 7-i 76.3 Lisbon (193°) 48. Roumania (1) 295 18.8 63.7 Bucharest (1930) 49. Salvador (2). 1.6 45.4 San Salvador (1932) 50. Siam (1). ... 5?S 12.7 24.5 Bangkok (1929) 5i- Spain (2) ... 503 24.2 48.1 Madrid (1933) 52. Sweden (2). 449 6.2 13.9 Stockholm (1933) 53- Switzerland (2) 4i 4.1 99.6 Berne (1930) 54- Turkey (3).. 763 15-2 19.9 Ankara (1927) 55- Union of Soviet Socialist Re- publics (3).. 21,176 168.0 7.8 Moscow (1933) 56. Uruguay (1).. 187 2.0 10.4 Montevideo (1934) 57- Venezuela (2).. 912 3-3 3.6 Caracas (1926) 58. Yugoslavia (1). 248 14-5 58.5 Belgrade (1931) (a) Estimated. (b) White races only. (c) The figures for Luxemburg are included in those for Belgium. (d) Beginning of year. Information taken as far as possible from official figui (e) Including Panama Zone. OF THE LEAGUE 8 9 Foreign trade Number Eength Number ipulation in 1934 (in millions of motor of railways Annual of - of of old U.S.A. S). vehicles, (in km.). contribution units of apital. 1933- 1930 in gold francs expen- Imports. Exports. (d) (d) (1936) diture. 80,OOO 370 — 30,375-85 I 62,138 204.6 237.0 172,362 19,188 455,637-50 15 30,806 2.4 0.8 835 39 30,375-85 I 1230,946 222.0 288.5 267,055 38,364 880,899.15 29 7,500 197.8 237.9 561,109 44,220 820,147.50 27 1874,581 127.0 94.9 33.368 6,730 243,006.65 8 1891,422 381.5 374.0 189,725 9,750 546,765- — 18 150,165 (a) 6.9 (a) 12.4 5,351 2,235 121,50335 4 203,9422,057.11,189.9 1,725,025 32,835 3,189,462.50 105 287,976 16.2 18.3 2,182 2,931 151,879-15 5 1126,872 310.8 461.4 1,051,231 67,713 1,063,154.15 [j 696,231 26.1 58.4 30,892 8,937 273,382.50 (633,452 311.1 182.0 41,602 13,441 1,275,785- — 1264,607 31.9 56.2 12,390 2,950 151,879.15 543,6oo 43-7 64.2 32,959 5,000 182,255.— 848,081 160.4 183.0 104,014 13,614 880,899.15 29 [617,069 i75-o 157-5 125,553 5,289 364,510.— 12 I 45,000 6-3 7-7 1 ,7H 240 30,375 85 1 1107,192 3-4 5-9 2,, 186 1,030 30,375 85 1 |i35,738 9.2 11.4 3,oo8 1,250 91,127 50 3 I 60,000 (a) 2.0 (a) 1.9 653 693 60,751 65 2 [268,592 63-3 82.3 30,206 5,399 303,758 35 10 [891,020 902.8 698.8 1,890,174 43,457 2,399,690 85 79 1 |459,2ii 49-3 30.7 15,200 ,447 212,630 85 7 [165,928 4.8 8.8 3,160 830 30,375- 85 1 i 125,000 5-7 5-8 2,386 217 30,375- 85 1 [ 47,075 5-o 7-4 i,355 95 30,375- 85 1 |O27,IO6 59-6 70.0 16,016 8,675 243,006.
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