Dom Gregory Dix and the Protestant Reformation Published In: Faith and Worship
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Different Ways Christians Have Understood Baptism and Eucharist
4 Ways Christians Have Understood Communion Sacramental Views Eastern Orthodox — “real presence” of unspecified mode Transubstantiation Consubstantiation Receptionism Memorialism the bread is no longer bread, but the bread is not only bread, but the bread is truly the body of the bread is a symbol for us to truly becomes the body of Christ is also truly the body of Christ Christ for those eat with faith remember the death of Jesus Held by Held by Held by Held by Roman Catholics Lutherans, high-church Anglicans Reformed, low-church Anglicans Baptists, nondenominational Big idea Big idea Big idea Big idea When a priest consecrates, the When a priest consecrates, the When a believing person eats Christ doesn’t give us special inner substance of bread and Spirit makes Christ present in the consecrated elements, Christ is grace in Communion; He already wine are transformed into the elements. As in the incarnation, truly present in those people. He gave us grace when we came to body and blood of Christ. The the supernatural does not is neither "in" the elements, nor him in faith. During Communion bread is merely a "veil." exclude the natural. present merely like other times. we remember that. Anglican take Anglican take Anglican Take Official quote Not taught. “After the Accepted. “The true body and Accepted. “The body and blood Not taught. “The members of consecration of bread and wine, blood of Christ are really present of Christ is then, not corporally the Church, by the sacred use of our Lord Jesus Christ, in the Supper of our Lord under or carnally, in the bread and bread and wine, are to true God and true man, is truly, the form of bread and wine and wine; but is really, and commemorate together the really, and substantially are there distributed and spiritually, present to the faith of dying love of Christ; preceded contained in the sacrament of received.” (Augsburg Confession) believers in that ordinance. -
ABSTRACT in the Early Nineteenth Century, the Church
ABSTRACT In the early nineteenth century, the Church of England faced a crisis of self- understanding as a result of political and social changes occurring in Britain. The church was forced to determine what it meant to be the established church of the nation in light of these new circumstances. In the 1830s, a revival took place within the Church of England which prompted a renewal of the theology and practice of the church, including the Eucharist. This revival, known as the Oxford Movement, breathed new life into the High Church party. A heightened emphasis was placed on the sacramental life and on the Eucharist as the focus of worship. Adherents of the Oxford Movement developed a Eucharistic theology which promoted a closer connection between the elements and Christ’s presence in the Eucharist than did the earlier Anglican tradition. One of the exponents of this Eucharistic theology was Robert Isaac Wilberforce (1802- 1857). The second son of anti-slavery crusader William Wilberforce, Robert was raised in a family of prominent Anglican Evangelicals. At the University of Oxford he came under the influence of his tutor, John Keble, who was one of the four leaders of the Oxford Movement during its heyday. The Gorham case, whose focus was ostensibly the question of baptismal regeneration, turned into a debate on the state’s control over the established church. Robert 1 Wilberforce was called upon to articulate the sacramental theology of the Oxford Movement, which he did in his three major works, The Doctrine of Holy Baptism: With Remarks to the Rev. -
Reproduced by Permission on Project Canterbury, 2006 HIGH CHURCH VARIETIES Continuity and Discontinui
HIGH CHURCH VARIETIES Continuity and Discontinuity in Anglican Catholic Thought MATTIJS PLOEGER Westcott House, Cambridge, 1998 Originally published as: Mattijs Ploeger, High Church Varieties: Three Essays on Continuity and Discontinuity in Nineteenth-Century Anglican Catholic Thought (Publicatiereeks Stichting Oud-Katholiek Seminarie, volume 36), Amersfoort NL: Stichting Oud-Katholiek Boekhuis, Sliedrecht NL: Merweboek, 2001. For other volumes of the Publication Series of the Old Catholic Seminary, see www.okkn.nl/?b=494. For this 2006 internet edition the author has integrated the original three essays into one text consisting of three chapters. The Revd Mattijs Ploeger, M.A, studied at the Theological Faculty of Leiden University and the Old Catholic Seminary at Utrecht University (the Netherlands). Additionally he spent five months at the Anglican theological college Westcott House, Cambridge (United Kingdom), where the present text was written. In 1999 he was ordained to the diaconate and the presbyterate in the Old Catholic diocese of Haarlem (the Netherlands), where he serves as a parish priest. Fr Matt is a member of several ecumenical liturgical organisations in the Netherlands and is preparing a dissertation on liturgical/eucharistic ecclesiology at Utrecht University. He has published articles in the Dutch liturgical journal Eredienstvaardig and in the Old Catholic theological quarterly Internationale Kirchliche Zeitschrift. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express his gratitude to the Archbishop of Utrecht, the Most Revd Dr Antonius Jan Glazemaker, and the Bishop of Haarlem, the Rt Revd Dr Jan-Lambert Wirix- Speetjens, who allowed him to study at the Anglican theological college of Westcott House, Cambridge, during Easter Term and the summer of 1998. -
Fresh Thoughts on Confirmation
ATR/88:3 Fresh Thoughts on Confirmation Ruth A. Meyers* This essay explores the theological, liturgical, and pastoral principles underlying the rite of confirmation in the 1979 Book of Common Prayer and considers contemporary pastoral concerns, including the role of the bishop and the ritualization of a person’s affiliation with the Episcopal Church. It argues that the rites in- troduced in 1979 should be understood in the context of the bap- tismal ecclesiology of the 1979 book, in which baptism is the basis for Christian mission and ministry. In this context, confirmation and the related rites of reception and reaffirmation of faith should be offered as pastoral responses to significant turning points in Christian life but should not be a requirement for lay or ordained ministry in the Episcopal Church. Among the myriad changes in the 1979 Book of Common Prayer (BCP), none are more profound, more far reaching, than those made in the rites and practices of what is frequently called “Christian initiation”: baptism, confirmation, and admission to communion. Moreover, in the three decades since the book was introduced, none of the changes has resulted in more confusion and disagreement than the new rite of “Confirmation, with forms for Reception and for the Reaffirmation of Baptismal Vows.” Changes to the national canons during the last twenty years have attempted to define and clarify understandings and practices of con- firmation and related rites. Most recently, the Standing Commission on Ministry Development proposed to the 2003 General Convention a series of revisions to the canons that would eliminate the require- ment of confirmation for those holding elected or appointed office or seeking ordination in the Episcopal Church. -
John Wesley's Eucharist and the Online Eucharist
John Wesley’s Eucharist and the Online Eucharist By KIOH SHIM A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham March 2013 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract Since the late 20th century information technology has changed the lives of individuals and relationships at local, nation and even global levels. In particular the internet is used by many religious groups for theological and spiritual purposes. Some parts of Christianity have confronted the issue of how to deal with the use of internet. As a result, an internet church has emerged, offering Eucharistic services online across the globe. Even though the numbers of internet churches/Eucharistic groups have sharply increased in the last two decades, the attitude of the established churches does not appear to have taken account of this change yet. To achieve this it is necessary for such initiatives to be guided by certain theological norms or church regulations. This may relate to the definition of church, Eucharistic theology, or how to deal with emerging cultures. -
The Liturgical Reception of Isaiah 6
Worship as Interpretation: The Liturgical Reception of Isaiah 6 Sebastian Yosef Selvén Wolfson College, Cambridge June, 2017 This dissertation is submitted to the University of Cambridge for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ▪ This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. ▪ It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text ▪ It does not exceed the prescribed word limit for the relevant Degree Committee. 2 This dissertation is an investigation into how the Hebrew Bible is used in (Rabbinic) Jewish and Christian liturgical settings, and how this impacts biblical scholars. I argue against the neglect of liturgy and ritual in reception studies and make the case that liturgy is one of the major influential forms of biblical reception. I do this by taking Isa. 6:3 as my example. My liturgical material is the qedushah liturgies in Ashkenazi Judaism and the Sanctus in three church traditions; (pre-1969) Roman Catholicism, Anglicanism (the Church of England) and Lutheranism (Martin Luther, and the Church of Sweden). -
Anglican Liturgics - WYP2118HF Fall Term, 2014 Dean Mercer - [email protected]
Anglican Liturgics - WYP2118HF Fall Term, 2014 Dean Mercer - [email protected] The instructor can be reached by e-mail or by phone at 416-499-1545 and, if requested, will be available at the college for student visits before class, until 1:00 p.m. after class, or at a mutually convenient time. Class notes will be made available online. Course Objectives Having completed this course, the student: 1) will be introduced to the history and development of Christian liturgy and liturgy in the Anglican Church of Canada; 2) will be able to plan for Holy Communion and Morning Prayer according to the BCP and the BAS; 3) will be introduced to general principles of liturgical leadership. Course Requirements 1. Multiple Choice exam on the glossary (below). A good source for many of these terms is the revised edition of Liturgy for Living by Charles Price and Louis Weil (Morehouse, 2000). Also, Worship Without Words: The Signs and Symbols of our Faith, Patricia S. Klein (Paraclete Press, Brewster, Mass., 2000). 2. Liturgy Project Plan a Sunday liturgy of Holy Eucharist for February 15, 2015, March 1, 2015, or March 29, 2015, according to the Revised Common Lectionary and the modern rite in the Book of Alternative Services (page 185) with ceremonial notes and commentary (a model will be available online). The finished project will include three parts: a. The complete service and text. Indicate the options chosen, the variable prayers, hymns and tunes, anthems, sermon theme/outline, etc.. b. A rationale - why have you chosen each item to be part of your service. -
A Synopsis of Dom Gregory Dix's
A Synopsis of Dom Gregory Dix‟s The Shape of the Liturgy By Father John Worgul Holy Trinity Seminary at Life in Jesus, Fall 2006 To immerse oneself in Dom Dix‟s magisterial The Shape of the Liturgy1 is a holy experience. The work indeed is imposing, and no doubt many students, upon looking at its thick binding, small print, and 752 pages, trembled before it like the children of Israel before Mount Sinai. However, if we let him, this scholarly monk will take us to sacred places no one else can, even into the very primal beginnings of our Christian faith. It is true that he is an academician and is very careful in his analysis of countless documents in various antiquated languages, but his heart is touched with the fire of God, and this lightens the potential heaviness of his topic. In fact, at times he is absolutely inspired, inviting us who persevere with him into hidden places and moments clouded by ancient mists, bringing us before the very altars of the saints who first experienced the holy Eucharist with the Apostles. Having said this, it is acknowledged that not everyone, for one reason or other, is able to plow through these dense pages. I thought it might be helpful to write a synopsis of the book, not only for the sake of those who might benefit from it, but also for my own sake to clarify in my own thinking what the great liturgist is trying to say. It must be carefully noted by the reader that I am not a liturgist and that I make no claim to follow fully all the subtle arguments that run through the work. -
Dom Gregory Dix – Reshaped
Homo Eucharisticus: Dom Gregory Dix – Reshaped David John Fuller, B Sc, B Th Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Theology and Religious Studies University of Glasgow December 2013 Copyright © David Fuller, 2013 Homo Eucharisticus: Dom Gregory Dix – Reshaped 2 ABSTRACT In his book The Shape of the Liturgy Dom Gregory Dix coined the phrase ‘Eucharistic man’. In a speech to clergy Archbishop Rowan Williams remarked that Homo Eucharisticus, his Latinised version of Dix’s words, was, ‘a new human species who makes sense of the world in the presence of the risen Jesus at his table’. This thesis will seek to define what is specifically meant by the term Homo Eucharisticus and to indicate that, in a very real sense, Dix is Homo Eucharisticus, understood in his life, vocation, and his primary scholarship as it is centred on The Shape of the Liturgy. I shall demonstrate that Dix’s theology was Incarnational and that his Trinitarian understanding was based on the precept of a ‘Spiritual-Logos’. I shall examine these concepts in the context of Dix’s experience and personality. I shall assess the historical, intellectual and theological influences that helped to shape his life and vocation, and explore his Anglican identity as a priest, a scholar and a member of a religious community. I shall explain Dix’s creative understanding of the Trinitarian nature of the Eucharist and determine that he was a noteworthy theologian of major significance. I shall include studies of his writings on the Ministry of the Church and his major liturgical works The Apostolic Tradition of Saint Hippolytus and The Shape of the Liturgy. -
The Lord's Supper in Augustine and Chemnitz
THE LORD’S SUPPER IN AUGUSTINE AND CHEMNITZ A Comparison of Two Fathers of the Church BY GAYLIN R. SCHMELING Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Nashotah House in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SACRED THEOLOGY April 1993 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS CHAPTER Page I. Augustine and the Lord’s Supper.........................................................................................................................1 A. The Life of Augustine of Hippo (354-430) ...........................................................................................1 1. Augustine’s Early Life and Conversion..................................................................................1 2. Augustine’s Struggle Against Manichaeism..........................................................................1 3. Augustine’s Struggle Against Donatism ................................................................................2 4. Augustine’s Struggle Against Pelagianism............................................................................2 5. Augustine the Bishop and Pastor ............................................................................................3 B. The Background and Foundation for the Lord’s Supper ...................................................................3 1. The Old Testament and the Sacraments .................................................................................3 2. The Biblical Basis for the Sacrament........................................................................................4 -
An Introduction to the English Reformation for Young People
An Introduction to The English Reformation For Young People Sovereign Grace Union 43 Warwick Road Rayleigh Essex SS6 8PQ Publisher’s Preface It is out of loving concern for the young people of our nation and throughout the world that we send forth this new study of the English Reformation. Almost every school textbook we have seen on the subject deals with it in merely social, political and economic terms. The spiritual dimension is mentioned only sparingly, if at all. Yet both the facts and our Christian faith constrain us to recognize God as its Author. Any social, political and economic factors involved are only the fruits of this mighty work of the Spirit of God. We trust that the study will commend itself to all in charge of our children’s education, whether at home or in state- and church-controlled schools. And may God’s blessing rest on it and on all who read it. The Committee of the Sovereign Grace Union 2011 Contents Introduction………………………………………. What was the English Reformation?…………….. Some Bible Reformations……………………….. Why England Needed a Reformation…………… What Caused the Reformation…………………. What the Reformers Taught……………………. The Reformation Under Henry VIII…………… The Reformation Under Edward VI…………… Satan Strikes Back…………………………….. Why the Reformers were Burned……………… The Reformation Under Elizabeth I…………… Reformation Blessings………………………… Why England Needs Another Reformation…… Introduction The history you are about to read concerns a work of God that took place in England almost five hundred years ago. It is worthwhile to study it because it made us the nation we are. It is also worthwhile because we are in danger of forgetting who we are. -
The Relation of Penitence to Oblation in the Eucharistic Offertory by Cyril H
The Relation of Penitence to Oblation in the Eucharistic Offertory By Cyril H. Powles. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements of the degree Bachelor of Sacred Theology, University of Trinity College, 1954. Transcribed by Richard J. Mammana in 2014 from a copy provided by the Right Reverend Dr. Terry M. Brown. “When you offer blind animals in sacrifice, is that not evil?”—Malachi 1:7 “So if you are offering your gift at the altar, and there remember that your brother has something against you, leave your gift there before the altar and go; first be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift.”—Matthew 5:23, 24 “On the Lord’s own day, assemble in common to break bread and offer thanks; but first confess your sins, so that your sacrifice may be pure.”—Didache, par. 14 Introduction ONE OF the significant movements in twentieth century theological circles has been the renewal of interest in the theology of sacrifice, “the creature giving itself and reaching God in a great impact in which our deepest needs are satisfied.”1 This movement has influenced the study of the New Testament and Christology; it has led to an interesting literature on the anthropological origins of sacrifice; but above all it has led to new glimpses of the possibility of agreement between the scattered bodies of Christendom, through a redefinition of some of the thorniest problems besetting the controversies of the Reformation; namely, the problem that the connection between our Lord’s sacrifice on Calvary and the anamnesis of His sacrifice in the Holy Eucharist.