Hydrologic and Water-Quality Data for Streams and Impoundments
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HYDROLOGIC AND WATER-QUALITY DATA FOR STREAMS AND IMPOUNDMENTS IN THE COTEAU DES PRAIRIES--UPPER MINNESOTA RIVER BASIN, 1979-84 By C. J. Smith, G. A. Payne, and L. H. Tornes U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 88-84 Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS U.S. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE St. Paul, Minnesota 1990 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director For additional information Copies of this report can write to: be purchased from: U.S. Geological Survey District Chief Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center, Building 41 702 Post Office Building Box 25425 St. Paul, Minnesota 55101 Denver, Colorado 80225 CONTENTS Page Abstract.................................................................. 1 Introduction.............................................................. 2 Purpose and scope.................................................... 2 Acknowledgements..................................................... 3 Study area................................................................ 3 Climate.............................................................. 3 Geology and soil..................................................... 3 Sample sites......................................................... 5 Methods of data collection................................................ 7 Stream sites.................................................... 7 Impoundment sites............................................... 9 References cited.......................................................... 44 Tables of data............................................................ 45 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Monthly precipitation and departure from normal precipitation at Canby, Minnesota. (Data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, (1979-84)........................ 4 2. Location of sampling sites..................................... 6 3-12. Graph showing discharge hydrographs and sample collection at: 3. LaBolt Impoundment inlet near LaBolt, South Dakota......... 10 4. LaBolt Impoundment outlet near Labolt, South Dakota........ 11 5. Florida Creek near Burr, Minnesota......................... 12 6. Lac Qui Parle River near Canby, Minnesota.................. 13 7. Dillon-Syltie Impoundment inlet near Porter, Minnesota..... 14 8. Dillon-Syltie Impoundment outlet near Porter, Minnesota.... 16 9. Lake Laura Impoundment north inlet near Walnut Grove, Minnesota................................................ 18 10. Lake Laura Impoundment south inlet near Walnut Grove, Minnesota................................................ 19 11. Lake Laura Impoundment outlet near Walnut Grove, Minnesota................................................ 20 12. Dry Creek near Jeffers, Minnesota.......................... 21 TABLES Table 1. Name and drainage area of reconnaissance-sampling sites........ 22 2. General description of intensively sampled sites............... 33 3. Type of data collected, 1980-84 water years.................... 41 4 One-time chemical analyses of bed material at impoundments, 1982-83 water years.......................................... 43 iii TABLES Page 5a-5o. La Bolt Impoundment sites (tributary to Yellow Bank River) La Bolt Impoundment inlet 5a. Water-discharge data........ ^ ............................. 47 5b. Water-quality data ......... 4 ............................. 49 5c. Suspended-sediment data .................................. 53 5d. Sediment-size data ....................................... 53 La Bolt Impoundment 5e. Monthly stage data ....................................... 54 5f. Water-quality-profile data ............................... 55 5g. Water-quality data ....................................... 59 5h. Bed-material-chemical and partical-size data ............. 65 5i. Phytoplankton data ....................................... 66 La Bolt Impoundment outlet 5j. Water-discharge data ..................................... 75 5k. Water-quality data ....................................... 77 - 51. Suspended-sediment data .................................. 81 5m. Sediment-size data ....................................... 81 5n. Daily observers rainfall data, (farm upstream of La Bolt Impoundment inlet) 4 ............................. 82 5o. Daily observers rainfall data, (farm downstream of La Bolt Impoundment outlet)............................. 83 6a-6f. Webber Impoundment sites (tributary to Lac Qui Parle River) Webber Impoundment inlet 6a. Water-quality data ....................................... 86 Webber Impoundment 6b. Water-quality-profile data . j ............................. 88 6c. Water-quality data ....................................... 91 6d. Bed-material-chemical and patftical-size data ............. 95 6e. Phytoplanton data ........................................ 96 6f. Daily observers rainfall data, (farm downstream of Webber Impoundment)....... * ............................. 102 7a-7e. West Branch Lac Qui Parle River (l^QP-28) 7a. Maximum annual peak-discharge data........................ 104 7b. Water-quality data ....................................... 105 7c. Suspended-sediment data................................... 109 7d. Sediment-size data........................................ 109 7e. Daily observers rainfall data, (farm upstream of gage).... 110 8a-8g. Florida Creek (LQP-3) 8a. Water-discharge data...................................... Ill 8b. Water-quality data........................................ 113 8c. Suspended-sediment data. .... t ............................. 121 8d. Sediment-partical-size data............................... 123 8e. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 1, upstream of gaging station) 124 8f. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 2, upstream of gaging station)......................................... 125 8g. Daily observers rainfall data, (near gaging station)...... 127 iv TABLES Page 9a-9i. Lac Qui Parle River (LQP-8) 9a. Water-discharge data...................................... 129 9b. Water-quality data........................................ 132 9c. Suspended-sediment data................................... 140 9d. Sediment-size data........................................ 143 9e. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 1, upstream of gaging station)......................................... 144 9f. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 2, upstream of gaging station)......................................... 145 9g. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 3, upstream of gaging station)......................................... 146 9h. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 4, upstream of gaging station)......................................... 147 9i. Daily observer rainfall data, (near gaging station)....... 148 lOa-lOp. Dillon-Syltie Impoundment sites Dillon-Syltie Impoundment inlet lOa. Water-discharge data...................................... 150 lOb. Water-quality data........................................ 155 lOc. Suspended-sediment data................................... 163 lOd. Sediment-size data........................................ 165 Dillon-Syltie Impoundment lOe. Monthly-lake stage data................................... 166 lOf. Water-quality-profile data................................ 167 lOg. Water-quality data........................................ 171 lOh. Bed-material-chemical and partical-size data.............. 181 lOi. Phytoplanton data ........................................ 182 Dillon-Syltie Impoundment outlet 10j. Water-discharge data...................................... 197 10k. Water-quality data........................................ 202 101. Suspended-sediment data................................... 210 10m. Sediment-size data........................................ 212 lOn. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 1, upstream of inlet gaging station)................................... 213 lOo. Daily observers rainfall data, (site 2, upstream of inlet gaging station)................................... 217 lOp. Daily observers rainfall data, (upstream of Impoundment)............................................ 220 lla-llr. Lake Laura Impoundment sites Lake Laura Impoundment north inlet lla. Water-discharge data...................................... 222 lib. Water-quality data........................................ 223 lie. Suspended-sediment data................................... 227 lid. Sediment-size data........................................ 228 Lake Laura Impoundment south inlet lie. Water-discharge data...................................... 229 llf. Water-quality data........................................ 231 llg. Suspended-sediment data................................... 235 llh. Sediment-size data........................................ 236 TABLES Page Tables lla-llr. Lake Laura Impoundment sites*--Continued Lake Laura Impoundment 111. Monthly lake-stage data................................... 237 llj. Water-quality-profile data................................ 238 Ilk. Water-quality data........................................ 242 111. Bed-material-chemical and partical-size data.............. 246 llm. Phytoplanton data......................................... 247 Lake Laura Impoundment outlet lln. Water-discharge data...................................... 253 llo. Water-quality data.......... * ............................. 255 lip. Suspended-sediment data..... t ............................. 259 llq. Sediment-size data.......... ^ ............................. 262 12a-12f. Dry Creek (LCW-21) 12a.