Congressional Record-House 5869

'1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5869

'Videa~ That nothing in this act shall prohibit the mintng and sale of then there shall be no place for hate; fill our minds with heaven, sodium compounds under potassium leases issued pursuant to the acts and then there shall be no place for bell; thus God shall be all of October 2, 1917 (40 Stat. L. 297), and February 7, 1927 (44 Stat. L. in all. Bring us to the shades of evening weary though 8atis 1057), nor the mining and sale of potassium compouqls as a by-product fied and n<~t dishonored. Amen. from sOdium leases taken under this secti{)n: Provided further, That THE JOUR-~AL on application by any lessee the Secretary of the Interior is authorized to modify the rental_ and royalty provisions stipulated in any exi-sting The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was read and sodium lease to conform to the provisions of this section." approved. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE Mr. BRATTON. Mr. President, I would like to inquire A message from the Senate, by Mr. Craven, its principal whether this bill was referred to a committee. The calendar clerk, announced that the Senate had passed the following says that it was read twice and placed on the calendar.. resolution: The PRESIDING OFFICER. An identical Senate bill (S. 8.enate Resolution 187 3375) had been reported from the Committee on Public Lands and Surveys and placed on the calendar. The House bill went ResOlved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow the an nouncement of the death of the Hon. JAMES A. GALLIVAN, late a Rep cliJ:ectly to the calendar. Mr. BRATTON. Very well. resen4ltive from the State or Massachusetts. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, Resolved, That a committee of six Senators be appointed by the Vice ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. President to join the committee appointed on the part of the House of Mr. ODDIE. Mr. President, there is on the calendar the Representatives to attend the funeral of the deceased Representati'\"e. Re80wed, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the bill ( S. 3375) to amend sections 23 and 24 of the general House of Representatives and transmit a COllY thereof to the family of leasing act approved February 25, 1920 (41 Stat. L .• 437), being a bill identical with that just passed. I ask that the Senate bill the deceased. Resolved~ That as a farther mark of respect to the memory of the be indefinitely postponed. The PRESIDING OFFICER. . Without objection, Senate bill deceased, the Senate do now adjourn. 3375 will be indefinitely postponed. The message also announced that pursuant to the forego-ing EXEC~VE SESSION resolutio-ns the Vice President had appointed Mr. WALSH of . Massachusetts, Mr. GILLETT, .Mr. DALE, Mr. IIARB.Iso~. 1\Ir. Mr. CURTIS. I move that the Senate proceed to the con TYDINGS, and l\1r. BARKLEY members of the committee on the sideration of executive business. part of the Senate to attend the funeral of the deceased ,Rep The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the resen ta tive. consideration of executive business. After five minutes spent The message further announced that the Senate had passed: in executive session the doors were reopened. without amendment bills of the following titles : RECESS H. R. 6993. An act authorizing the Secretary of the Interior .Mr. CURTIS. I move that the Senate take a recess until to sell and patent certain lands in Louisiana and Mississippi; 12 o'clock noon to-morrow. and The motion was agreed to; and the Senate (at 4, o'clock and H. R.12245. An act to amend the War Finance Corporation 10 minutes p. m.) took a recess until to-morrow, Thursday, act, approved April 5, 1918, as amended. April 5, 1928, at 12 o'clock meridian. The message also announced that the Senate had passed a joint resolution of the following title, in which the C(}Dcurrence NOMINATION of the House of Representatives was requested: S. J. Res. 89. Joint resolution designating May 1 as child EJJecutW.,~e nomination receitveit by the Senate Ap1'"il ,.f, 1928 health day. UNITED STATES CoAST GUARD The message further announced that the Senate disagrees to John W. Malen to be a temporary ensign in the Coast Guard the amendment of the House of Representatives to the bill ( S. of the United States, to take effect from date of oath. 1822) entitled "An act to authorize the Secretary of War to The above-named person bas passed the examinations pre- transfer or loan aeronautical equipment to museums and edu scrii>ed for appointment -- cational institutions," requests a conference with the :aouse on the disagreeing votes of the two Ho-us~s thereon, and appoints CONFIRMATIO~ Mr. REED of Pennsylvania, Mr. BL""\GHAM, and Mr. FLETOHER to be the conferees on the part of the Senate. Executne nom..inatwn confirtned by tke Senate Ap,ril 4, 1928 CIRCUIT CoURT JUDGE FOR HAWAII FLOOD OO~TROL BILL William C. Acbi, jr., to be circuit judge, fifth cirCuit, Terri Mr. FREAR. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex tend my remarks .in the RECORD on the subject of flood control. tory of Hawaii. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Wisconsin asks unanimous-consent to extend his remarks in the RECoRD HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on the subject of flood control. Is there objection? There was no objection. WEDNESDAY, April 4, 1928 Mr. FREAR. Mr. Speaker, I am submitting flood-control data for the RoooRD that to my mind is of vital importance in The House met at 12 o'clock noon. the determination of the Mississippi River flood control bill The Clerk read the following letter: that will soon come before the House for oonsideration. APRIL 4, 1928. It is universally conceded that the problem is of national I hereby designate Hon. JOHN Q. TILSON to aet a.s Speaker pro importance and that it must be constructed by the Government tempore to-day. without delay. Arguments before the House committee by wit NICHOLAS LONGWORTH. nesses were devoted to the effects of the flood and necessity for Federal aid. The House was called to order by the Speaker pro tempore All these were unquestioned. Practically no data was offered [Mr. TILSON]. before the House or Senate committees disclosing the large The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Montgomery, D. D., offered financial interests that are concerned in the passage of a bill the following prayer: costing the Federal Government $1,000,000,000. The amount of PRAYER increase in land values and other property by complete flood Our Father in heaven, we thank Thee for the new morning control is incalculable. I am in favor of :tlood control, but am hours. In the joy of renewed. strength and with glad hearts opposed to this bill that prohibits contribution. enable us to go forward unafraid and undisturbed. Through A brief word as to the checkered course of the :tlood control tasks faithfully performed, .set free other of QUr highest and bill may be p'roper at the outset. Hearings were begun by the best impulses; may they be brought into splendid service. The House committee on November 7, 1927, and over 300 witnesses blessing of a life lived wisely is not gold nor jewels, but more were heard during the ensuing three months. Their testimony - life-broader use of our powers, a healthier capacity, and a was strangely cumulative, for, as shown by the record, nearly larger usefulness. Now, our Father, we pray that we are all all declared with unanimity that this is a national problem and here to dedicate our gifts to Thee; let us come and go just as should be built at national expense. Senators and Members liv Thy children, to speak the truth and to do Thy will. Ob, true ing on the Mississippi or its tributaries or on other possible success is to labor ; to travel hopefully and blessedly day by day future :tlood projects were also of this same opinion prohibiting 1s far better than to arrive. Ob, 1lll our hearts with love, and local contributio:Qs, and from the published list it will be dis- 5870 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APR.IL 4 covered that these distinguished legislators made up about one mate for the Mississippi River project asked for from the third of the total number of witnesses who furnished expert Army engineers that reaches practically $1,000,000,000. The evidence for the use of the committee and who have an active estimate of land cost to the Government of 4,000,000 acres, intere ~t in this or some other flood-control project. figured at $75 an acre at my suggestilln, is one item that may After the hearing a bill was 1·eported by a majority of the not be reached, for the actual value of the land ougllt not to committee that provided no local contribution should be had average near that amount, but other costs not considered by the and further provided for an appropriation of $325,000,000 with board I believe will bring the amount up to or in exce s of that which to construct all the control works. Six minority mem figure, and that evidence wa ubmitted to the committee for ber. filed a report showing the estimated cost fixed by experts cut-over land \alue. \Vould reach 1,400,000,000 or about four times the amount fixed The estimate is as follows: in the bill, and criticized other features of that bill. ENOINEEIIS' ESTIMATE OF COST TO GOVElL', 040 5872 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4

SUMMARY (b) Acreage owned by corporations: Acreage held by corporations------48, 595 Pioneer Cooperage CO------32, 000 Acreage held by large landowners------63, 201 Frank James Co. (Ltd.)______7, 084 Acreage held by small landow-ners------107,244 Koerner & Co______588 R. J. Darnell. (Inc.)------18, 103 Total------219, 040 Palmer Clothing Co------56 Tensas Delta Land Co------116 ASHLEY COUNTY, ARK. Bain Wagon CO------5, 090 Federal Land Bank ------120 (a) Total acreage in flood waY------32, 489 Graves Bros. (Inc.)______150 Hoosier Veneer CO------1, 088 (b) Acreage owne

SUMMARY Acreage held by corporation ------ 1,280 l~~~K~~t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ill Acreage held by large land owners------ 24,600 Andrew Jackson______747 Acreage held by small land owners------6,609 24,705 (d) Acreage held by small landownei'S: 361 small landow-ners, averaging 95 acres each ______34, 323 Total ------32,489 MOREHOL'SE PARISH, LA. Total acreage in West Carroll Parish______129, 552 (a) Total acreage in tlood way------233, 860 SUMMARY Acreage held by corporations ______(b) Acreage owned by corporations: Acreage held by large landowners______.:______70,524 P. Kimball------10,960 24,705 Walker & Bridges------ 2,400 Acreage held by small landowners------34,323 Bonita Lumber Co------ 10, G20 Louisville Cooperage Co------ 1"5,640 Total------129,552 Interstate Cooperage CO------ 48, 120 Morehouse Planting CO------ 3,80(} OUACHITA PARISH, LA. (~0. 1) Chess-Wymond ------ 640 (a) Total acreage in flood waY------53,928 Southern Carbon CO------2, 800 Holly Ridge Lumber Co ______-______5,840 (Does not include back-~ater territory around Bosco.) Tensas Delta Land CO------3,000 (b) Acreage owned by corporations: · Public-school land ______------______4,440 ~anning & Faust______732 108, 160 Tremont Lumber Co------6, 140 (c) Acreage held by large landow-ners: T. G. Easterling & Co. (Inc.)------642 G. W. Naft'------ 2,800 Trout Creek Lumber Co______638 A. W. Jones------2,080 1\fajorWest VirginiaStave CO------Timber Co ______--- 18,1,576 088 Polk Hunter--~------1,060 J. W. Shulk------ 960 Ouachita National Bank______40 J. L. Daniel------1,560 McGuire Cattle Co______242 Anderson Land & Timber CO------742 W. E. HopkinS------ 1, 120 Biedenharn Realty Co______40 George K. Bradford------ 64{) Arant Investment Co______404 C. H. Henkel-~------ 2,640 M'. A. Davenport------ 2.000 Canal CoiDmercial Tr·ust & Savings Bank____ 641 E. L. GladneY------800 29,1)25 Pinkston estate______700 (c) Acreage held by large landow-ners: C.W. C.C. FeltonAndrews------______3,640 E. N. & M. L. FiliaL------ 1,251l 900 J.E. H.R. RhymesRatcliff------______5,672 G. B. SbirkneY------ 1,120 E. Fudicker ______1,360 L. Higginbotham ------ 7, 780 1, 414 W. Rutheredge ------640 1,843 W. L. Davis------ 1,920 8: ~: s~~~eld::::=::::::::::::::::::::::::==::::::::::::::::::: 1,918 1,400 A. C. Call------1,040 D. E. IveY------~e1nie & M. 1\filler______R. E. BarhaiD------5,250 733 B. C. Stngieton------640 I a Gross------664 J. T. Eubanks------1,080 15.903 W. T. Dufur------840 (d) Acreag-e held by small landowners: J. S. Rolfe------2,320 58 small landowners, averaging 140 acres each ______8,100 N. N. l\lalone------.,.------640 Total acreage in Ouachita Parish ______W. S. White------ 1,600 53,928 F . E. Jordan------850 Pipes & Wimberly------960 SUUMARY J. B. West------8,080 Acreage he-ld by corporations------by 29,925 I. A. Starwood------700 Acreage held larg-e landow-ners ______15.110~ J. W. BrodnaX------3,840 Acreage held by small landowners------8, 100 W.D. W.L. MoorePipes------______1,560 1,440 53,928 W. T. Smith------2, 000 2,760 Naff & Lewis------OUACHITA PARISH, LA. (NO. 2) Dunn & Pugh------·------700 G. E. Mott------640 (a) Total acreage in flood waY------43, 279 Griffith & ~lurpheY------1, 640 71, 300 (Territot-y affected by backwater around end of (d) Acreage held by small landow-ners : levee at Bosco.) 272 small landowners, averaging 200 acres each ____ _ 54,400 (b) Acreage owned by corporations : Consolidated Ice CO------ 160 Total acreage in Morehouse Parish ______233, 860 Dixie Lumber CO------1,265 C. D. Brooks {Inc.) ______698 SUMMARY Brown Paper Mill------ 100 Acreage held by corporations______108, 160 Liriwill Saw Mill CO------ 176 Acreage held by la.n!:'e landow-ners______71, 300 BonWest AirVirginia Planting Timber Co------Co ______160 Acreage held by smill landowners------54, 400 480 ArantMajor InvestmentStave CO---- Co- ______------_ 140 Total------233,860 1fi6 GrovesT. G. Easterling Planting &Co Co. ____ (Inc.)------______320 WEST CARROLL PARISH, LA. 380 Tensas Lumber Co------ 40 (a) Total acreage in flood way------129, 552 Manning & FausL------819 4,894 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5873 '(c) Acreage held by large landowners: (c) Acrt>age held by large landowners-Continned G. B. Haynes------2,500 Mrs. L. E. Groves______773 Hoffman & Ruffin------1,200 David Dunn ------851 Joe Gratz------1,966 A... L. Winn______954 J. H. Rhymes------..,---- 1,520 Mrs. J. F. Girod______758 ·Frank Stubbs------1,280 18, 444 1\Irs. W. H. McHenry ______1,985 (d) Acreage held by small landowners: J. H. and R. V. M. CordelL------1,400 2-H small landowners, averaging 145 acres each ___ _ 35,888 R. G. Harmon------ 660 R. w. Davis------760 Total acreage in Caldwell Parish ____ .:______111, 818 Mrs. D. L. Cowan------761 14, 032 Sl:.\:!MAJlY (d) Acreage held by small landowners: Acreage held by corporations ______57, 486 200 small landowners, averaging 122 acres each____ 24, 353 Acreage held by large lando'WDers ______18,444 Acreage held by small landowners ______35,888 Total acreage in Ouachita Parish (backwater)---- 43, 279 111, 818 SU~IMA.RY Acreage held by corporations------ 4, 894 FRANKLI:!'I' PARISH, LA. Acreage held by large landowners------ 14,032 (a) Total acreage in flood waY------107, 782 Acreage held by small landowners------.------24.,353 (b) Acreage owned by corporationH: 43,279 Tensas Delta Land Co------1 10,346 Tensas Basin levee board ______350 RICHLA:!\D PARISH, LA. ~Ietr o polis Bending Co ______5, 060 Winns boro State Bank ______(a) Total acreage in flood WRY--;------203, 400 VVyatt Lun1ber Co ______540 R. J. Kiper & Co ______9,380 (b) Acreage owned by corporations: 80 Chess-Wymond Co------16, 000 l'ardueWest Virginia Bros ______Timber Co------_ 820 E. Sondheimer CO------1,520 965 Holly Ridge Lumber Co------7:ZO A . .A. Bush------140 A!engel Co______640 Brooks & Son ______41 Foust Bros. Lumber Co______2, 160 27,722 Wayne Land & Timber CO------·-- 20, 080 (c) .Acreage held by large landowners: Rosengrant & Ducomb Co ______. 1, 120 <;ilbert & Hobgood------'------1. 100 Marshfield Stave Co______1, 600 "'· S. Desha------802 Tensas Delta Land CO------15,340 Mrs. )!. V. Ioore------~------ 840 School lands------640 ll. P. Daily estate------"------680 Ouachita National Bank______1, 280 640 England .Planting Co------1, 840 800 Stone-Jones Land & Timber Co______1, 480 T.~- JB.:B.ll~~~~::lt, GilberL------s~======3,380 C. J. Ellis, sr______.:. __ _ Kim;ell-Summers estate______4, 120 L. L. Lieber ______700 69,540 800 (c) Acreage held by large landowners : Gilbert, llurdle & Walden______1,200 F. E. Jordan------ 1,640 8 640 E. F. Justice------1,040 H. A. Buie ______2,270 ii~ H.ftiB~e ~~~f~~======1,280 P.J. AP.. Hemler------Norman______------_ 2,820 J. R. Woolridge______1,880 J. R. Howington ______660 :Stubbs e ·tate------1,880 710 W. T. Jones ______1,680 Price, l\Ioore & Strahan ______960 1\I. E. Carr------ 840 Curry. McConnell & Sartor------640 G. G. Griffith------2,240 1. Q. Robinson------680 McCoy estate------2,760 S. Senseman ------1,160 Mary L. Millsap______3,000 Benson &Anderson ______880 R. R. Rhymes------4,920 :.\Irs. M. D. Mason estate ______: __ _ 1,600 C. R. Singletree______960 Mrs. H. Ensminger------810 ' C. E. Slocum ______: ______680 23, 232 Robinson estate------ 640 (d) Acreage held by small landowners: 5:.?8 small landowners, averaging 108 acres each ______M.Sartor W. Wooten& Sons------______15,~gg 56, 828 C. M. Noble------ 4,5~0 Total acreage in Franklin Parish ______107, 782 R. L. Bell------1,160 0. M. Humble______820 SUMMARY W. D. Humble------ 3,160 Acreage held by corporations ______.:______27, 7::?2 J. L. Hewitt------1,080 Acreage held by large landowners ______<)3 ·>3'"' H. S. & L. 0. Boughton ______00 Acreage held by small landowners ______5s:s28 ~I. L. Bell------!'120 J. R. Hei·ndon ______960 107, 782 Hatch Bros------ 2,480 M. E. ~Iclntosh------900 CATAHOULA PARISH, LA. C. D. Williams ______1,600 52, 040 ' Total acreage in flood waY------2,591 ~~ Acreage owned by corporations ______None. (d) Acrea~e held by small landowners: C) Acreage held by Jarge landowners ______None. 4o0 small landowners, averaging 184 acres d) Acreage held by small landowners : each------82,820 · ! 19 small landowners, averaging 136 acres each______2.591 Total acreage in Richland Parish ______203, 400 ' Total acreage in Catahoula Pari h ____. ______2,;)91

STilBIA.RY SUMMARY Acreage held by corporations------68, 540 , Acreage )leld by corporations ______:. ______None. Acreage held by large landowners ______52, 040 Acreage held by large landowners ______None. Acreage held by small landowners______82, 820 Acreage held by small landowners ______2,591 203,400 Total------2, 591

CALDWELL PARISH, LA. Tabulation of ounership of lands in Boeuf River flood uay below Sicily (a) Total acreage in flood waY------111, 818 Islandr-Backu;ater area LA SALLE P AlUSH (b) Acreage owned by corporations: Corporations: Acres Acres Southern States Realty Co______1, 349 Highland Farm Co ______520 Troutber CrCoe _ek,______Tall Timb______er & Good Pine Lum- _ Tensas Delta Land CO------64,113 53,010 G4.633 Investors Manufacturing CO------ 2,543 40 Small owners ( 46) ------2, 885 CaldwellStandard BankLum b------er Co ______80 67. 518 Riverton Lake Lumber CO------64 Total------~------Citi~n s Progressive Bank ______Federal land bank ______360 GRA..KT PARISH 40 Large owners : 57,486 Bannon, E. M. 640 (c) Acreage held by large landowners : 0.------~Ir s . lfary Day ______McAdams, J. E------940 1,312 1,580 W.Dr. H.J. FilbioL------Grover ______1,688 Corporations: Q. 1,002 120 Joe H o ~u e ______Central Development CO------ 1,308 Cbic Lumber & Coal CO------ 120 2,912 Mrs.C. II. M. I P.iller PowelL------~------______Lee Lumber CO------880 F. G. Nelson ______1,083 1, 120 1,250 Small owne~ '52)------8, 180 J. W. James ______3,443 H. Ferrand------ 660 Total------10,880 A. R. Taylor------650 5874 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-HOUSE

R.1PIDES PARISH Corporations: Acres Acres Acres Acres Lat·ge owners : American Investing CO------490 818 O'Neal, J. A------ AvoyellesH. Hines Bank Co ______& Trost CO------10,202240 Ryland, A. VV------683 J. S. A. Robt. Rider------790 Godchaux Realty Co------120 Wi e, J ------1,567 Harris Hyman Co------80 3,858 National Lumber Co. & Ice Co______15, 277 Corporations: Naples Lumber CO------344 Alexandria Lumbet• CO------ 620 Commercial Estate Co______13, 370 9,800 EotaLaniet- RealtyOil & Co------Gas Co ______·------_ Gulf Land Co______2,880 150 Howard Cole CO------3, 300 Lee Lumber CO------2,000 8 ---- 12,570 ~:~d;s ~ls~ co:~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8.~~~ Small owners ( 102) ------13,641 Leach & Edwards------22.R74 Lannier Land & Oil CO------1. 038 Total------30,009 The Parker CO------1,400 Commercial Estate & Investing Co______2, 272 C.ATA.HOULA PARISH Gulf Land CO------5, 84fl La ege owners : Southwestern Lumber Co______2~, 659 Adams, John J ------ 740 Lampton Realty CO------3, 72G Alexander. J. S------ 995 114,533 Alexander; T., estate------ 1, 120 Small owners (528) ------~ -; ------_3_1_,_9_3_6 Beitzhoover, Heiss------1,882 721 Total------175,576 :~~gug~~s·N!isin--..r:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2,18::: Calhoun, VV. T------ 980 FR.AXKI.lN PARISH Davis, Samuel P ------ 1, 058 Large owners: Friel, F. 1\L------ 633 Collins, J. T------4,428 760 Gilbert, T. B------ Conn, F. K------9uo Gilbert, Mrs. A. C------ 1, 120 Feltus, Mrs. El. C------2,311 Gillis, 1\lrs. Lucille B------2,627 York,• Zeb., sr ______1,30-1 Gregg, E. E------3,100 , 993 761 Corporations: ~~~ed~~~· ~~s~C~-L:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,491 Josephine Land Co______2, 6 0 816 Fisher Lumber CO------1, 399 964 Chicago Mill & Lumber Co______1, 160 3.234 u,239 iffi]:~~-~~f~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 6,289 Small owners (5) ------u1o Link, 1\1. T·------667 1,237 Total------14,742 il~t~~~~: ~· s~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 75H ~ 1\IcComb, A. C------1, 154 CONCORDU PARISH 1,880 Large owners: ~BJ;er,tr~: f;_~_-:_-_-_-_-_-::_-_-_-_-:_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_ 2.134 Davis, J. 1\l ______"760 1.982 Morris, .J. W., estate------Maxwell, M. B------2.~a6 1,137 3,900 ~~~~&. ~s~l:eo-~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,460 1,580 Niagruder, VV. A------ 1,720 746 Norton, Oliver B------ 1. 18il Learned, A. B------3,0[)6 Ormsby, J. E------1,390 1\ietcalfe,i;1~~~n~:T~6======Mrs. Louise------3, o:w 2,377 Mitchell, J. F ______~~~~~; c~-E~-estltte::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,430 5,254 2.212 2,644 Robert,Richardson, Robert, VV. jrP------______700 1,093 2,0:>4 Smith & Norton ------ 983 ~~~;;:.~~.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~=~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1,205 Spencer,Stearns, D.Miss !\! ______A------_ 1,282 Learned, A. B------1,530 2,815 Metcalfe, Mrs. Louise ______1. 529 Taliaferro, R. 1\L------ 2, 739 Porter, SamueL------1,700 'Glrichs, Joseph S-----:------ 644 Wilkins, C. M------1,G94 Webb, Dr. A. A------ 730 Mosley, C. A. et aL------ 5,326 Wilkinson, C. A ------ 691 HogueCampbelL Bros A. ______H------_ 2,480 Winston, H. L ------1, 152 2,300 "\\'ilson, R. J ------648 Surget, estate of James------ 1,250 688 Crawford, Mrs. Annie------ 1,040 ~~~~f~r, l}o~n-]C::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2,204 ~rinston, S. L------ 2,9GG Young, E------1,384 Buck & Jones------1,250 70,0u9 2,950 CorporationR : ~::{~~.1\1-Ar t_e~_n!~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~:::::::::::::: 1, 442 Bank of Commerce ______1,007 Corbett, P. H.. & D. B. •IPming ______2,900 Bayou Land & Lumber Co., Hattiesburg ______1,83:\ Gillespie, A. 3. 760 Carter, estate 1!------of Mrs. Pauline ______Catahoula Realty CO------ 80 6R5 Cypress Sbi_pgle ~0------6 Hinderleider, J. M------ 644 rusader P1pe Lme Co------ 9 Hall, Edwin 8------ 2,501 Delta Hardwood CO------6,289 Merrerve, A. G------ 1,000 Dunbarton Planting Co ______31 Schiele. estate of R. P ------ 1, 300 Ferguson Lumber CO------1,440 Alexander Bro ------~---- ~ . 478 First National Bank, S. J. Harper ______586 BankNatchez of Commerce ______and heirs of J. L. Clayton, _ Fisher Lumber Corporation ______881 R. W. Clayton ______800 Graham Stove & Hat·dware Co ______4,936 877 Grant Timber & Manufacturing Co. (Inc.)------9,870 Carr, T. L eavitL------ 70:0 Harrisonbul'g State Bank ______240 Neal & Son------1.1HI 270 J. VV. Oden------77r) Jl~~;hnill~t~~~ ~o=~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,298 J. II. Boschert------2.177 Lasalle State Bank______GO 1. J. DuffY------ 1. 72;1 Lodner, William, Lumber Co ______16 Louis Fry ------1,304 McWilliam Mar h (by Zenoria Lumber Co.)---- 8,027 4,4!l2 Naples Lumbet· Co ------507 ~i;}~lf~ ~~~·h-~~~:~==~=====~======77!'1 Dixie Pecan Co ______1,119 Mulvihill.Cowan, J ____Mr~.______L. H------:______1.08:! Smith Hall Lumber Co. ______1,505 1, 14t Stewart Bros. & CO------ 100 Guill, J. H------4, 854 466 Hawkins. C. ~L------ 1. 646 TensasTall TimbeL· Delta LumberLand Co CO------______1, 42[) 121,856 Barchus,Wadc, estate 1\liss of IonaMrs. ______C. J ------_ Tensas Delta Land and Monoband Land Co ____ _ 11,516 4,184 Thompson, W. B., & CO------642 Rrown, F. D------2,240 Three Rivers Hardwood Lumber Co ______19 Berymer. 1''· 0------1. R06 Utley Holloway Sawmill CO------1. 48fl Engle. C. F------1,600 Zenoria Lumber Co. (Inc.) ______4,246 Leouard, A. R------r------1,803 1, 19~ 181,2~6 SaunderR. R. P------ Splane, Mrs. E. E------ 1,280 Small owners (136) ------72,899 Stacey. estate of Anna Lee------2, 770 BalL \r. B------~------1,406 Total------R24, 18G 808 ¥h~~s,Gj~r~-~~-=~t::~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::== 640 AYOYELLES PARISH llrooks. ~Iont------ 6,37H Large OWn€l'S : Zurhellen, J. C------ 960 Garlington, B. F ------3.000 ' Bairnsfather. H. 1\L------96~ 777 Blacl{, R. L------17.{)3;{ g:~~~~; ~eo~e-6::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 19,986 Hurdin, A. L., trustee ______18,098 Coco, J. M------744 IIartke, J. 8------2, 131 3,830 Kelly, G. AI------3.074 f,~~:r ~o;~~~::=.::=.::=.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7i0 958 ---- ~9, 107 ~:~k:~YJ.JG-~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1, G55 '1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5871! l .arge owners-Continued Acres :Acres Large owners--Continued. Acres Acres :!. 066 Johnson, H. A. & Grace ______729 1>,657 1,000 881 Rhodes,Leonard, Mrs.A. B------Grace ______1,401 Bowman, F. E., estate oL ______1,187 2,303 1,311 2,738 Duffy, F. J------1,020 ~t!~5~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 719 1,319 810 lfJ&~ · ~s~J-osei>ii::::::::::::::=::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,310 1,370 Freeman, E. E------ 702 8t~:. ·~~~=i~i::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Fee, Mamie K------800 ~arned, ~ B------ 1., 587 183,405 Hay, William J ------ 1,200 ---- 2,514 Corporations: Kelly,Shelly, G.Mrs. M. M.,D------estate of-______Arcadia Land Co------19,447 1, 060 Bank of Commerce (Natchez) ______500 3,121 Concordia Realty, Milling & Planting Co______15,337 ~~~iins~~~~:::::::::::=::::::=:::::::::::::=::::: 884 Bank of New Roads------~------930 Jacobs, P. C------676 First National Bank (Hattiesburg) ______798 Miller, D. F ------ 2,764 National Box Co_.:.. ______800 Pierce, ~1. C------720 Parks, W. B., & Co------3,663 703 Percifull, Patte O'Brien, Townsend & Brown __ _ 2,743 2,787 Bank of Commerce (Natchez)------ 4,000 ~~tth~~~ft~n~======Sayles, Mrs. Annie P ------856 W:irnicut Planting Co------..::' 4,095 699 Willetts Wood Pt·oducts CO------41,336 ;~~~~~; ~~· w~~:-~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2,100 Forest & Moro Plantations______4. 334 83, 555 927 Corporations : & 21. 823 Crimea Planting CO------1,612 ·Posternack,~f&i:st~~er W., c~~~oiafion=:==--======& Son ______552 4,238 Vidalia Bank & Trust Co------120 ~~:s~ ::_e~:: ~oc~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,295 Welle BrOS------1,531 Claranook Plant Co. (Inc.)------1,216 Crusader Pipe Line Co. (Arkansas)------ 75 Desha Lumber Co ______13,386 Interstate Natural Gas Co------ 14 Mutual Realty CO------ 2,888 Louisiana & Arkan as R. R------57 Mississippi Valley Timber CO------17,330 Southern States Realty Co ______30 Pritchard Wheeler Lumber Co ______12, 445 1,110 Burnside, W. W. 1 & CO------Burn Plant. Co·------2, 813 Pan American Life Insurance Co ______1,761 Pan ~erican Life Insurance Co ______2,169 Bullis,Lumber Pritchard Co ______& Wheeler, and Bayou_: ______Land & _ Penrod Jurdan LuiDber CO------ 6,307 3,246 Smith Hall Lumber CO------ 2,576 Ferriday Cooperage CO------ 30 Wilbert Sons Lumber & Shingle Co------450 Ferriday Hoop CO------ 13 Bank ol Baton Rouge ______15 Ferriday Realty CO------ 350 Cytron Mortgage Co. (Inc.)------ 1,564 Rowe & Mahon------952 First National Bank of Texas------413 Utley-Holloway Sawmill Co ______926 First National Bank of Hattiesburg______Vidalia Bank & Trust Co ______840 675 Britton & Koontz Bank ______. ______274 Etley Holloway & Co------4,993 Grant Timber & Manufacturing CO------ 5,040 ---- 76, 385. Natchez Fish CO------7 Stnall owners (184)------·------38,884 Natchez Investment Co ______4,446 Pecan Products CO------2, 125 Total------198, 824 Bullis & Conn------797 Clayton Planting CO------ 3, 275 Tabulation, of ownership of lands in Atohafa.la.ya flood uay Milton & Calvert------1, 718 Graham Stave & Heading Co ______107 ST. ll.ABTIX PARISH McGraw & Perkins------ 1, 530 Large owners : 586 1,220 Mittendorf,Southern States Bradley Realty CO------Co ______AdaiD, Joseph------ ' 1,644 Ashley, F. \V------·----- 686 Baxter, Forest Hardwood Co ______8,653 Bourdin, J. J------11,270 1,007 Case, Cy.h & V. J. Kenzweg______1, 06 BullisConcordia & Thomas------Abstract Realty Co ______977 Case, Jo n------~------4,100 Thomas & Bullis------'------1,740 1,212 Willson Planting 1,004 1,243 Missouri Pacific R.Co------& ______:______· 209 :f!~if!; fio~rt___ ---~======:===:: Martin, R------1,318 Gumble, S. & Co------·---- .96 R. & J. J ______1, 985 Lorimer Lumber Co------ 669 Stockstill, Gilbert ------ 645 Livermore & Ellls------13,944 Unknown owners ------·------10,489 Mengales CO------2,370 880 University of the South------80 E::~~: ~~~::r_-_-_-_-_-_-_:::::_-_-_-_-_-_::.::===:-=.::: 800 . Bayou Land & Lumber Co______6,521 Alvin, R. Albritton______718 Woodmen of World--~------1 750 191, 153 680 Small owners (377) ------43,105 3,979 808 Total------417,663 lll~t~;~~~~~~~~~1~~~~~~~ 1,314 Nolbert, Prene------~------1, 078 TENSAS PARISH 2,890 Large owners : ~~ef~ge, ~. BN~:!~:::::::=:=~-::::::::::::::: 7,080 Curry, Joseph T------ 2,650 Shelburne. N. H., et al------5, 856 Estate Toe CurrY------ 1,300 1,1.fi 1,820 Davidson, Mrs. C. M------Voorhies,~~~ E~~-e;;-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_======:::::::::Lucien ______.:, __ 6,100 Daniels, S. C------660 ...... _ 989 Daniels, I. F. and Mary------ 1,970 __ _ 71,067 Goodwine, Freement------1,385 Corporations: Stanton, J. M------1,500 Martin Fish Co ______: ____ _ 354 Whitney, Mrs. L. M------~-· ------2,440 Rycade Oil Corporation------ 2,511 Worrel, Mrs. E------ 1,219 Levert Mercantile Co. (Ltd.)------ 35 Yourtree,Anderson, S.v. T------s ______2,030 Atcbafalaya Land CO------ 2,431 3, 209 Adler, A., Realty Co------80 Burton,Bailey, Mrs.Dr. W.K. M._A., ______estate oL------_ 712 Arkansas Fuile Oil Co ______77 1,040 Bank of St. Martinville______118 Epste~ J. I------1,015 Bourgeois & Beaucheux ______1,430 1., 886 Broussard & Schwing______738 1,680 Brou ard. Ed, S. E., .John E. Schwing ______1, 029 Jt;~~t,~H~la;:======1,024 Brownell Drews Lumber Co. (Ltd.) ______200 West,Weatherly, A.. M., Mrs. jr______L. B. and W. W------_ 3,209 Brownell Drews Lumber Co. (Ltd.)------ 400 1,040 Brownell Drews Lumber Co. (Ltd.)------4,262 2,473 Chapman, Storm Lumber Co. (Inc.) ______1,800 1, Lynch,~~~:·~·i:.-and-L~-1I::::::::::::::::=::::::: R. B., estate______285 Cotton Bros. Cypress CO------340 846 Coylei H. E., and J. R. Rarble ______1,293 820 Leota, Sam., and John D. BelL ______1,088 640 Grace Thomas CO------300 f~l~~::~.~~~;c~::::::::=:=:::::==:=::==::: 759 Gulf Refining Co. of Louisiana ______1,243 Anderson, Margaret------759 Hiller-Hyman Co. (Ltd.) __ ..: ______58 Chilton, J. W------ 1,160 William P. Hodges & Norman Breaux LuiDber Co 5, 177 Adams, F. 0------877 Humble Oil & Refining Co------486 719 Heyman Harris & Co. (Inc.) ______160 g~~~. ~-~~-~~-~::::::::::::::::::::::: 640 Ideal Land & Improvement Co ______3,058 Fowler, A------2,400 Jeanerette Lumber Co. (Ltd.)------ 8,218 Hopkins, Mrs. M. L------ 1,659 .Jeanerette Lumber & Shingle Co. (Ltd.)------ 26,297 Harris, J. W. and Roscoe------ 690 Breaux Lumber CO------"------955 Shelly, Mrs. M., estate of------1,114 King, Dr. H. A------2,154 1,596 Kyle Lumber Co. (Ltd.)------ 1,823 }I:r~g:,' ~1:. ~.--y::::::::::======738 Louisiana Land & Planting CO------338 Carpenter, N.· L------ 2,219 Louisiana Land & Planting Co.,- R. C. Milling__ _ Hughes, Charles R------940 lrving, R. Saal------~---- 2,253 5876 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-HOUSE APRIL 4

Corporations-Continued .Acres .Acres ST, MARY PARISH Le"ert, St. John (Inc.)------182 Large owners : .Acres .Acr('S Do------~------2,500 Parro, Dolph------~------1,138 McReynolds. Miss Edith------730 Pharr, J. N------10,045 Morse, J. F. Clifford, and W. H. Whatley ____ _ 8,482 Foster, J. W ------1,750 Norman-Breaux Lumber Co. (Inc.)------5,0-!4 John C. Bussy estate------675 DO------1,410 ~ioberly, E. E------718 Norman-Breaux Lumber Co. (Inc.) and Fernert ---- 14, 326 SetrUrR------26 Corporations: Schwing LumbP.r & Shingle Co. (Ltd.) and .Adeline Sugar Co------ 3,492 W. J. Burks------3,047 Rio Bravo Oil CO------ 100 Schwing Lumber & Shingle Co. (Ltd.)------14, 266 Southern States Realty Co------ 326 St. Martin Land CO------34, 000 A. Veeder Co------198 Sun Oil Co------240 440 Limber Land Co. (Inc.)------8, 339 ~fes L~~~· ~======:::::::-======1,331 Thompson, .A, H., and G. P. John8on______6, 033 South Coast Co------~------ 3,010 Luckens, Ben Franklin, and John W. Lewis_____ 972 Sterling Sugar CO------ 3,227 Wilbert, .A., Son Lumber & Shingle CO------4, 912 Shady Side CO------ 3,490 Williams, S. B., Cypress Co. (Ltd.), plant No. L 25, 535 Victoria Sugar CO------945 Williams, S. B., Cypress Co. (Ltd.), plant No. 2- 2, 328 Cotton Bros. Cypre ·s Co ______95 Bernard Fish CO------15 Bass Uye & Lacuzzo ______1, 292 --- 189,007 Louisiana Syrup & Canning CO------5 Small OlVUerS (259)------24,314 Lyons CO------1,752 ]dorgan City Co------ 660 Total------284,388 Morgan City Co. (Inc.)------ 2,867 The Polourde Development CO------ 76 IBEl!TILLE PARISH Thibodeaux C. Ill. CO------ 112 Large owners : The Texas Co------ 25 2,349 ~·alsh, D. C., & Co------64 777 Whitney Building______5,094 R~!gl~sg~s:~h~i::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 712 Wax Bayou Co------6,794 Levy, H. J·------ 1,167 35,395 Do------ 980 Small owners (138) ------13,424 Row, C. W------ 4,145 Do------1, 206 Total------63,145 Schwing,Do ______S. P------_ 500 779 POIXTE COUPEE PARISH 724 E1y, S------ Large owners : Feret, P. R------1,367 988 Picard, A. J------657 ~:ex.!~~· [!~~~:~~~::~:==~~::::~~~:~~~~=~~:: 956 682 J: Gulotta, C------Glynn, A. ~------ 675 Kurzweg, V. S., and Cyrus Case ______6,14~ Hearin, D. B------657 Lotz, J------1,000 ]dajor, P. C------1,415 2,244 Provosty, 0. & A------711 427 Sch~~~~~-~~~=====~~====~==~~=~~==~~~~~~~= Robin on, D------1,408 Sherburne, H. W ------524 Wall, J. D------ 640 DO------ 164 Coats, W. T------ 2,400 DO------9,478 Cole, J. C------ 950 Geblin ------~------2,647 Patton, M. B------ 4,271 McCardle, S. T------128 Simpson, J------3, 162 Do------753 Claiborne, N------·------960 Pollock, W. M------ 3,045 1,311 Schwing, E. B------ 2,381 8~~~~~,R~·~====:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 997 Do------ 633 961 DoDO------______200 960 1, 148 890 DO------Do ______3,485 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 756 3,950 McNeil, H. R------2,921 DO------ 637 800 Tharue, Y------1,534 Do------ 513 Chamberlain,Carloon, C. J------Hugh ______DO------ 974 890 DoDO------~------______141 880 868 g~~~}~~. J:w~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 867 Do------ 468 Hilli~ J. E------ 720 DO------1,789 Long, 0. J------1,105 666 Needham, B. E------2,7:50 2, 288 Gayden, L. P------800 ~~~~sk~·. ~~-r.======-== ---- 62,799 Harris, R. E------1,566 Corporations : Hotson, F. II------~------~----- 1, 855 Gumble, S., Co.------ 5 Keller, G------3, 194 Sherburne Industries -(Inc.)------ 145 Lacour, 0------ 1,680 Barst Cooperage Co------2,765 Larkin, J. 0------ 1,026 DO------3,2iH Levee, L. P------1,339 7,009 ~ounger, II. P------ 1,859 Barst00------Shingle CO------160 Phillips, N. P------ 2, 120 Dupont CO------330 Provosty, 0. 0------ 1,463 Gay Lord CO------ 1,993 Robert 0. G------754 Holliday, P. W. Sons (Ltd.)------ 3,818 1,095 Louisiana Cooperage CO------1,704 ~~Ug; t. -:K::::::::::::::::::::::::=:::::::::::::::::::=:::::::::::::::::::::: 1,340 Do----- ~ ------ 476 .Anderson, A. R------ 1,225 Lauve CO------200 Carrutb, R. B------ 1,440 Reulet, J. M., & Bros ______384 Cotton, M. B------1, 100 Schwing, L. & S., & Co., and Walter Burke ____ _ 2,329 Cotton, J------ 750 'Schwing, L. & S., CO------ 4,918 Hill, W. A------ 1,000 Wilbert, .A., Sons, L. & G. Co------ 28,837 Jones, H. W------ 2,44fi Clover Ridge Co., P. & M------ 1,2M Lacou~ 0 ------4,508 168 Reute~ Chris------678 Pelican Realty Co------ 7,19~ Ruth Oil & Realty Co------ 165 1,402 Ba~~ L. & G~ CO------ 81 ~~;~: t: ~======7'9, 367 Hurdle Bros------ 13-:1: 15,260 Corporations : Wilbert & Sons L. & S. CO------Bai t, L. & CO------ 413 DO------4,402 s. Bank of New 697 Crottan Bros------ 126 Roltz CooperageRonds------Co ______493 Iberia Cypre s Co------ 8 224 ' 81 Browmwell Dieu Lumber CO------ 32:i Bayou Hooper Land CO------ Canal Bank & Trust CO------8!-l~ Schwing, R. & J., CO------6,013 Godchaux Realty Co ______140 DO------13,048 Hackney Lumber ('o ______3, 15fl DO------80 Louisiana Land & Plantation Co ______1, 186 Blevin, J. V., & CO------2sa Ortego & Langlois ______700 Brawnell, Drew L., CO------ 667 Pelican Realty Co------ 374 Cotton Bros------~-~------ 1,872 Penick & Ford------ 990 AtchafalayaKyle Lumber Land Co ______CO-----___ -______------_ 2,831 Sebring Lumber & Shingle CO------ 191 2, 06:l Sberbourne Industries (Inc.)------ 6,840 Louisiana Land &- Planting CO------ 714 Celtic Land & Improvement CO------ 480 Rycade Oil Corporation------200 Franklin Realty CO------365 Waddell Williams Lumber Co ______499 Lncour Plantation Co ______:l,430 F. B. Williams Cypress CO------2,847 Dodge & SumberY------2,880 119, 314 Louisiana National Bunk ______489 Small owners (275>------3~705 Standard Box Co------243 Bank of Baton Rouge ______180 Total------213,818 Gumbel & CO----·------ 612 Ilackney Lumber Co------4,800 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5871 Corporations-Continued. .Acres Acres Corporations-Continued. Acres Acres roint Coupee Land CO------4, 604 St. Landry Land & Lumber CO------15, 316 Hank of Lottie------300 Thistlewaite Lumber CO------5, 340 Edwards Bradford Lumber Co------8, 458 Williams, F. B., Cypress Co------241 L<>uisiana Cert. Land CO------4, 300 Williams, F. B., Cypress CO------844 Point Coupee Trust CO------50 82, 829 Standard Oil CO------10 Small owners (438)------48,916 ~~~l::S~~~;~~======1,~~g Total------213,722 Poydras Funds------260 ASSUMPTIO~ PARISH Wilbert, .A., Sons, T. & S. CO------1, 886 Wilson & Cochran______1, 886 Large owners : Michel, Myrtle------846 54, 907 ---- 846 Small owners (319)------~------46,413 Corporations: Brownell-Drews ------2,298 Total------~------180,687 Wilbert, .A., & Sons------296 Waties & Guion ______. ______123 AVOYELLES PARISH Gumble, A., & Co ______7,177 Large owners : 9,894 Blakenwood, E. G------859 Small owners (6) ------ 1,037 716 865 ll, 777 ~:~~~r::~·~=~=:======::::::::::::::: 4,470 Total ------Godchaux, W ------ 4,470 TERBEBON~E PARISH llickman, W. P ------770 Large owners : Morgan, Y ------1,400 FOucher, F. E------1,213 640 Henican, Joseph P ------5,000 1,090 Nelson, Frank G------38,961 1,000 45, 174 ~j~~· iio~i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .~~~~~~~~ 967 Corporations: ---- 17,247 .Atcha!alaya Bay Ship Channel Co------1,480 Corporations: Border Research Corporation ______39,518 A voyelles Bank & Trust CO------160 Brownell-Drews Lumber CO------ 440 .Avoyelles Wholesale Grocery Co ______22 Louisiana Terre Co. {Inc.)------ 22,347 Bexmere CO------1,990 The Castell Co. (Inc.)------64, 499 Desha Lumber Co------ 620 128, 284 El Paso Discount Co------,.,------ 300 Small owners (10) ------:...·------960 Kohlman Moss Co------ 2,021 Lampton Realty CO------ 4,441 1, 651 Total------~------174,418 WoodsideYellow Bayou Co_------Gin & Planting Co ______930 IBBRIA PARISH Sondheimer CO------14,450 ---- 26,585 Large owners : Small owners (252) ------19, 778 Beckman, H. H------684 Elmore,Bourgeois J. &K., BeaullieU------jr______1, 242 Total------63,610 695 Herald, Sidney, et al------1, 170 .Johnsoa & Thompson ______691 ST. LANDRY~ PABISH 1, 649 Large owners : 752 A chauer, Dr. HenrY------glg 827 0 Weeks,~:!~ni McHugh i;Jk~:~====:::::::::::::::::::::::: & Kepper ______812 ~~~~{ni, ~el!d.--a=:::::=:::::::======:::=:::::::::: 660 Cypt·ess, William F. B------ 10,697 Clopton, Bellison W------1,620 Voorhies, Lus1en------746 Converse, W. 0------1, 664 Day, Thomas C------3, 028 Corporations: ------19,965 Deal D. 1,635 Hass, Mrs.W------Janet R., and Nathalie Hass KirsclL_ 3, 601 .American Banking & Trust CO------ 38 Bank of Loreauville------ 30 Haas, w. D------1, 000 Bayou Pigeon 011 Mineral Co------400 Hawkins, Mrs. Sallie------g~~ Bernard Wagon Work Co ______128 Brownell-Drews Lumber Co------2,990 Cotton Bros. Cypress Co ______2,593 Federal Land Bank of New Orleans ______ff§i{.t:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~: ~~~ Gulf Refining Co. of Louisiana ______30 Melmus, Fred ------927 869 M ertz, Mrs. Henrietta______640 IberiaHumble Cypress Oil Refining Co ______CO------_ 214 Murphy. Wm. M------5, 464S05 6,998 Mel'ts, Mrs. Albert A------Jeanerette Lumber & Shingle CO------ 26 Meyer, Dr. J. G------1. 605 K yle Lumber Co. (Ltd.)------11, 758 Morrison, M_ts. Mary J______826 Little Bayou Oil Co ______175 Loissel Sugar Co------ 87 Maximillian Planting Co------282 13 3,870 ~~~:·~~~~~~======- 1~ : 1~~ The~~~t~;r~u~b~r-C~======Schwing Texas Lumber Oil Co & ______Shingle GO------_ 3,305 f~!~~· ir. ~~~~==:::::::::::::::::::::::::: l. d~ 590 Richard, IDugene Gordy------786 Timber Land Co. (Inc.)------ 249 \eazie, widow and heirs ot E. P------1, 515 VIaddell Lumber Co------ 680 Whiteman, C. T., lumber-----,..------19, 680 Wilbert Lumber CO------1,740 Wattern, Charles G------. 640 Wilson & Cochman------667 81,977 Corporations : .Anchor Sawmill Co------ 160 Brooklyn Cooperage CO------ 22, 515 Bank of Lafayette & Trust CO------ 780 Bank of Planters & Trust------360 Board of Missions, M. E. Church South______680 Brewer Neinstelt Lumber Co-~------ 6,956 Botany Bay Lumber CO------ 3,042 Caldwell, W. El Co------6,120 Canal Comm. T. & S. Bank______1,399 De Blieux Lumber CO------.------ 4 Day, Thomas C------3,028 Eicher Woodland Lumber Co ______640 Felger Lumber Co------ 1,116 Fred Brenner Lumber CO------ 1,003 Godchaux Realty CO------ 3,020 Globe Tailoring Co------160 1,650 lli~~· ~~rtu!b~-co:==::::::::::::::::::::::::: 320 ~esson, J. 0., Lumber CO------ 5,107 Pc>Jonson St. Landry Security_:------~------240 Planters Bank & Trust Co ______._ __ 280 Penick Molasses Co------62 Palmetto Mercantile Co ______19 Parish Bank & Trust CO------ '440 Sandelheimer, E., & CO------.------ 1,482 Southern States Realty------ 225 Southwest Louisiana Farm Mortgage (Inc.)---- 80 120 ~~i~n1to~~~8£u~1?e~~-=~::::::::::=:::::::: 80 5878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 costs of relocation and damages ( ?) unle s "special" benefits lower 1\lississlppi River approved 1\larcll 1, 1917, quoted in the can be shown. former minority report attached hereto, should be waived or RAILWAYS ESPECLl.LLY PROFIT modified in all and every case where the locality can not assume The railways are likely to be immune from any contribution any p~rt of the burden ev.en by a governmental loan, placing under that proposal. Such prospective "damages" to the 11 authonty for such determmation, in the hands of responsjble railways in the valley from past floods were estimated by their agencies of the Government. That can be provided in an amend engineers at $71,000,000, but will probably reach, in loss of ment to the bill later to be offered. business and actnal injuries, to over $100,000,000. In the 1927 The following debt comparison of six Northern States how flood these roads stated to the committee their direct damages ever, and six Southern States speaks for itself. The per ~apita reached $6,318,000, which did not include losses in business and debt in the Northern States av-erages almost double that of the other like injuries. Southern States. To be absolutely fair this may be in p-art met Before the House committee the Illinois Central Railway engi by increased wealth per capita in the first six States, but with~ neer, Mr. Blaess, presented their case, as did ex-Senator out other data the facts presented indicate that if these States Lorimer in the case of -property owners, of whom he is one now to be exempt from contribution gave, like California for a of millly interested in the flood districts. These railways, Mr. primarily local improvement that they would do only what other Blaes , alleges, would present claims of $71,835,000 against the States are compelled to do. The comparison follows: Government for relocation of their tracks, bridges, and so forth, California, after its people have spent $100,000,000 on its to fit the plans for flood control. Protection to the railways Sacramento Valley, now offers to contribute two-thirds of the from floods, protection to landowners, and increased business cost of the $51,000,000 additional impro•ement, of which the and profits because of flood control at GoYernment expense does State government is to contribute $17,000,000, the valley resi not enter into the equation. The roads want the money, and dents an equal amount, and the Federal Government the re although the Illinois Central Rail way has had the most profit maining $17,000,000. California now has a State and local debt able year, dm·ing 1927, of its existence, I am informed, no (Statistical Abstract, 1926, p. 220) reaching $16,582,000, based "special benefits," it is predicted, will be found to offset any on last reports available, and the per capita indebtedness of part of Federal Government ex:penditm~es. $142.81 is more than double that of any of the States affected Thi. railway charge of damages of possibly $100,000,000 against by :floods in the lower Mississippi Valley. I am not o:f'ferino the Government is also con idered in the minority report at any argument as to the injustice exercised toward Californi: taclled to these remarks. and its people beyond a brief statement of the facts existing in OWNERSHJP OF 4,000,000 ACRES a country when every State must contribute its part of the tax for all public improvements and for any work that increases the In connection with the ownership of lands in the flood ways holdings of the Mississippi Valley corporations and landowners I haYe been furnished, at my request, a tabulation showing hereinbefore named : 265 corporations and 553 large owners of lands, each of whom have over a square mile-640 acres-in the flood ways, indi Debt btwdens of catain States yeat· 192! cating three times that acreage on the average that will be [Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1926, p. 220] protected outside the :flood ways. Amount in - Other data that may be of interest on the same matter is thousands of Per herewith set forth. dolJars, 1922 capita Summa1·y of property owne1·sllip in flood wa.ys-FinaZ correctimts made 6 Northern States: Acreage held by- Acreage held by small New York .. ------___ ------__ $1,683,820 $158. 15 ownerst New Jersey __ ------.. ------__ 382,172 116. 40 Pennsylvania_------_------__ --______.------____ -_ 550,4.39 61.28 Total 669,4.43 112. 25 acreage 364,019 M.66 Corpora Large N=-JAa~~r- Total HH, 523 38.81 tions owners acres w~~~~~-~======TotaL._------ 3, 754., 416 541.55 ------ll------·j------1------Average .. ------625,736 90.26 Boeuf flood way above 6 Southern States: 1=====1==== Sicily Island ___ ------427,411 3'1:/, 829 3, 172 139 440, 181 1, 195,421 I\1issourL ______. ------118,276 34. 46 Per cent______------37 ...... ,._ Backwater below Sicily Kentucky .. ------50,519 20. 68 Island______646,869 380,557 1, 430 148 212,040 1, 239,458 Per cent ______------17 ...... i:~~~~-c ~~======~====~=~======~=~======~~ nt ~~ ~: ~~ Total ______1,074,2801 708,386 4,602 1 142 652,221 2, 434,879 t;~f~~======~======1 --~·-1_26_.~---1------91,280 ~~: ~~ '1:1 202,769 -i;278,-8i7 Total .. _. ------631, 857 293. 89 Atc~i:lin~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~ 16 ------Average .. ------105,309 4.8. 98 854,990 3, 713,696 For the student a brief comparison of conditions as hown Ora~~/~~t--~~=== ~--~:~~~:~~- --~:~~- ~ --~~~- 23 ·------by income and profits taxes and other revenues is also offered t ' ' Small owner" owns less than 1 section -640 acres. which has a bearing on the same general subject: Summary of propm-ty ou;nershtp in flood tcays--fJot'J)orat1ons and large Inte1·nal revenue-Reoeipts by States OW11~1'8 [Statistical Abstract ot the United States, 1926, p. 174. All figures in thousands of dollars] Acreage held by corpora Acreage held by large tions (varying amounts) owners (over 640 acres) Income and Miscellane profits taxes, ous internal Total year 1926 revenue, Num- A~e:- Total Num- Aver- Total year 1926 ber acres acres ber 8~~ acres New York __ ------~------$569,505 $164,224 New Jersey ___ ------72,252 40,119 Boeui flood way (above Sicily Pennsylvania ______------195,396 66,922 Island)------__ 122 3,503 427,411 194 1, 690 327,829 109,071 46,685 BackwaterIsland) ______area (below Sicily 176,861 39,869 133 4,864 646,869 201 1,893 380,557 28,650 10,945 - w1r~~~f~======TotaL ______TotaL------__ _------255 4, 213 1,074, 280 395 1, 793 708,386 1, 151, 735 358,754 $1,510,489 Atchafalaya flood way ______--205 3,333 683,280 158 2,486 392,768 .A. verage __ ------.J. 191,956 59,792 251,748 Grand total ______460 3,821 1 1, 757,560 553 1, 991 1, 101, 154 MissourL_ ------. 49, 603 18,325 ------Kentucky_------____ ----- 14, 639 12,206 ------NoTE.-Dorporations holding less than 640 acres, 195; corporations holding more 1 5,860 ------~:i~i======~: ~~ 440 ...... than 640 acres, 265; total, 460. Large owners holding over 640 acres, 553. M2 ...... NO STATES WITHOUT DEBTS ~~fs~~a---~==::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1~ ~ 3, 765 1------f------It Tota.L______96,142 has been urged that Southern States have suffered severely 41, 133 1 137,280 from floods and that they are entitled to special consideration Average .. ------~------_ 16,023 6,856 22,87!;1 from that fact. I am in sympathy with that argument to the extent of urging early prosecution of the flood-control plan and With this statement I attach the minority report to H. R. tllat provision of law requiring one-third contribution on the 8219, which, under the head of local contribution, di cus;ses the

. 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5879 ·situation presented by this bill and shows beyond cavil how duced at Cairo to 54 !eet, at Arkansas City to 58 feet, and at New unjust and unprecedented it is to undertake such a monstrous Orleans to 19 feet. proposal for the Federal Government without requiring con These suggested flood heights, as I understand it, are reduced far tribution from those well able to contribute. The minority below those recommended by the Mississippi River Commission and by report of 12 pages was buried between the 393 pages of the your Board of Engineers as a safe maximum, and it is my impression 1·eport submitted by Chairman REID with 142 pages preceding . that if the maximum flood crest is reduced to these figures the expense 239 pages following as an appendix. That part of the minority will be !ar in excess of the $296,000,000 estimate made by you for the l'eport signed by six Republican members of the committee complete flood-control works on the lower Mississippi. which relates to" contributions" applies with equal force to the An early answer, with estimated cost of the ·reduction to such Senate bill as reported. maximum flood heights at the points designated, will be greatly appre ciated. [House Report No. 1072, Seventieth Congress, first session] Very respectfully, MINORITY REPORT W. F. KOPP. From the Committee on Flood Control, House of Representatives, March 29, 1928. To accompany H. R. 8219 WAR DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, In presenting thiB minority report we desire to express entire agree Washington, D. a., February 18, 1928. ment with our committee colleagues as to the importance of enacting Hon. W. F. llr:OPP1 into law a complete flood-control system for the lower Mississippi House of Repreaenta:tives, Washington, D. 0. River from Cairo to the Gulf of Mexico. DEAR MR. KoPP: In reply to your letter of February 16, 1928, I will We submit, however, that the bill reported by the COI)lmittee, in our say that studies of the Mississippi problem soon made it clear to us judgment, is defective in the following particulars: that any attempt to restrain the flow line below the heights we used It offers no b~ for a definite flood-control plan for the lower would be very expensive, if practicable at all. Mississippi River. In estimating the cost of holding the maximum flood crest down to It delays the adoption o! any definite flood-control plan until a 54 feet at Cairo, to 58 !eet at Arkansas City, and to 19 feet at New complete study of the Mississippi watershed shall have been made Orleans we have used a combination of reservoirs and flood ways. by a newly created commission of seven members, a majority of whom The general estimate to accomplish this is about $1,400,000,000. may be unfamiliar with the llissil'!sippi River problem. The above estimate is based on preliminary examinations which It pi'Ovides maximum flood-crest heights at Cairo, Arkansas City, assume average conditions and average unit costs. When such an and New Orleans, which heights have been arbitrarily and unwisely estimate gives a figure obviously beyond all reason as to expense the fixed without supporting evidence therefor. investigation is carried no further. If such a project should be se It exempts from local contribution all cost of construction and riously considered, it would be necessary to pursue the examination maintenance of such control works without reference to local benefits, and make detailed surveys, borings, etc. With a mandate to hold the ability to contribute, eventual cost to the Federal Government, or Mississippi River down to the stages referred to above, no responsible existing law. person could begin work without first spending considerable time Detailed reasons for objections to these obvious defects in the bill probably a year or more-making plans. are not here set forth, but we submit that- Sincerely yours, After a period of practically three months o! hearings at which 300 EDGAR" J ADWI~, witnesses were heard, including civil and Army engineers, no sem Major General, (Jhief of Engvneers. blance of a plan for flood control is provided by the bilL On the contrary, it provides for the appointment of a commission of seven From the foregoing opm1on of the Government's Chief Engineer it members, who may be civil and Army engineers, which commission appears that the enormous sum of $1,400,000,000 will be required to first is to begin and entirely complete a study of the entire Mississippi provide gauge heights fixed by the bill or an average of $1,500,000 per Va lley watershed. A delay of a year or more is thereby threatened mile of the lower river for occasional flood protection, " if practicable at before any plan can be adopted for the lower- Mississippi Valley. all," in addition to all cost of revetment, which alone is estimated at over $100,000,000, and other costs for maintenance and river improve ARMY OR CIVILIAN E..."\GI:NEE:RS ment for navigation. t.:othing was presented or diBcussed in' favor of a commission of It further appears from the Chief Engineer's letter that probably s. seven members either by witnesses or in committee. year or more will be required by experts who are familiar with the Over $1,000,000,000 have been expended by Army engineers on Mississippi flood-control problem in making plans before construction rivers and harbors without question raiBed as to their efficiency or work can begin . .honesty. For many years they and the Mississippi River Commission LOCAL CONTRIBUTION .have studied the varying moods of the Mississippi and have a knowl The bill provides that all flood-control improvements shall be paid by edge and experience that is invaluable at this present time. .After the Federal Government " without local contribution." Levees, flood he~ring all witnesses, including many civilian engineers, the committee ways, spillways, and all other control works constructed to protect did not by its action adopt or consider any flood-control plan for the cities in the flood-control area and millions of acres of alluvial lands Mississippi River recommended by any civilian engineer. The civilian are thus to be protected and benefited entirely at Federal expense. experts did not always agree with the Army engineers nor with each This proposal against contribution goes beyond any plan yet offered other, particulai·ly when the interests of clients or localities conflicted. for consideration. The Mississippi River Commission plan, Army engi The Oir!Y plans before the committee during three months· of hear neers' plan, and other plans now before Congress, at least require dona ings were those o! the Mississippi River Commission, of which Colonel tion of rights of way for river levees and one-third contribution accord Potter, an Army engineer, is chairman, and the Jadwin plan, submitted ing to existing law for levee building to present grade heights. by General Jadwin, Chief of Engineers. The Panama Canal was con Complete protection will make flooded lands 100 per cent productive structed under the direction of an Army engineer, so it would seem in the richest valley in the country. If any sector is ·unable to meet its that this agency, at all times loyal to the G€neral Government, should contribution and is essential to the complete plan, the Federal Govern recl:' ive careful consideration from Congress. ment, through proper agencies, can be authorized to advance money on IMPRACTICABLE G.AUGE HEIGHTS such terms as would be warranted. Flood-crest heights at Cairo, Arkansas City, and New Orleans have The Jadwin plan provided that flood ways or diversions like the Boeuf been fixed in the bill without any dependable information or competent flood way of more than 1,000,000 acres shall be furnished to the Federal testimony or any proper consideration by the committee. The fol Government by the State. The committee bill requires that the Federal lowillg brief correspondence authoritatively expresses unanswerable Government shall purchase or secure by condemnation this flood way objections to these gauge heights based on probable costs: and the Atchafalaya flood way and other lands in addition to construc HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tion of works. Wt;zsMnyton, February 16, 199..8. Testimony before the committee is that in the proposed flood ways Maj. Gen. EDGAR JADWIN, upward of 50 per cent of the land, or more, has had the valuable timber Chief ot E1~g ,ineers, U1tited States Anny, removed and is what is termed " cut-over land." This cut-over land in Washmgton, D. a. some places was valued at $75 an acre by witnesses. On these tracts DEAR GENlilRAL JADWIN: The engineering testimony taken by our it was stated an average indebtedness exists of about $30 per acre r epre committee is not yet available, but it is my recollection that in addi sented by drainage and levee bonds--bonds generally to be enhanced in tion to discussing the highest state of maximum floods to be prevented value. on the Mississippi River by your plan you gave estimates of increased This land is located in ancient flood ways used by the...... river when costs if the flood crest was r-educed at various points along the river. overflowed prior to settlement. Other improved lands required for flood I know different members of the committe believe your evidence to protection purposes were estimated at far greater value. be very clear and definite on this point, and for that reason I am asking Many large land and timber owners have interests that may properly you to furnish me with a general estimate of the cost to the Federal be subject to contribution where benefited by complete flood protection Government, without contribution, 11 the maximum flood crest is re- as evidenced by the testimony of ex-Senator Lorimer, as · follows : 5880 CO.N GRESSION AL REUORD-HO USE APR.IL 4 "Mr. SEA..Rs. Do I understand that you have some lands down there narily witnesses for flood control before congressional committees are that will probably be overflowed lands ? directly or indirectly interested in securing Federal construction of "Mr. LORIMER. Yes, sir. their project. "Mr. SEARS. • • • What is the future of these lands in case it is Among the 300 witnesses heard on the lower Mississippi River flood dedicated to overflow purposes ? control project, apart from the Army engineers representing the Gov " l\Ir. LoRIMER. If there was no break in the levees, no backwater ernment, practically all advocated that the entire flood-control work • • they would have the same value as the same sort of lands in constructed on that river and other rivers should be at Federal ex the Delta." pense--a natural frame of mind with interested parties. This bill will give complete flood protection so as to stabilize the Eventually the cost of flood-control work, power, irrigation, and levee and drainage bond market and furnish through the Government a associated water uses, if once initiated at Federal expense, may reach casb customer for several times present values of land. Flood-way beyond the wildest estimates, for if included in regular omnibus bills rights subject to overflow at intervals of from 2 to 14 years, depending with a possible project in every State, the force will then be irresistible. on location, may thus cost the Federal Government upward of $150,- If no Treasury surplus is available, such expenditures will be covered 000,000, according to the liberality of local condemnation tribunals. by bond issues as proposed by bills now pending before the committee. Other questions of equal or greater importance require definite au FLOOD-WAY SERVITUDE thoritative information of which Congress should have knowledge before For untold centuries the lower Mississippi has carried off the waters det ermining matters of contribution hereinafter referred to. of many States. During a full century the people living in the great For example, a claim for damages against the Federal Government 1\:Ussissippi River Valley settled on these alluvial lands subject to over that may properly have equal equ.lties with the timber company cut-over flow and floods. They drained the swamps and built levees entirely lands was offered by the testimony of several railway engineers. at their own expense, without Government help. Under the swamp RAILWA-Y DAMAGE CLAIMS land act they were enabled to buy these lands at nominal cost. In Mr . .A . . F. Blaess, chief engineer of the Illinois Central Railway Co., 1917 Congress by Jaw agreed to contribute two-thirds of ali moneys furnished the committee with an itemized estimate of damages that he expended for levee construction. contended will affect 11 railways in the valley due to a proposed read The flood servitude has ever existed and the flood ways recom justment of the sevet·al roads to new grades and other expenditures mendl.'d by Army engineers are through these ancient natural diver occasioned by the Jadwin flood-control plan. sion channels. The Federal Government bas thus far expended about The engineers all contended with surprising unanimity that the $190,000,000 for navigation and flood control on the lower Mississippi Mississippi flood-control problem is not only national in its scope but River and a further sum of $100,000,000 for river-bank revetment is to that all future damages occasioned by the flood-control plans to railways be expended under the direction of Army engineers irrespective of any or other private property should be pa.ld for by the Federal Government. separate bill for flood control, although it will be part of the flood (Pp. 3777 to 3778, and many other pages of the hearings.) control system. The future railway damages that the Government is expected to pay AN UNPRECEDENTED PARADOX were estimated at $71,835,000. The testimony further disclosed that It must be remembered that a large part of the land in the Mis the Illinois Central Co.'s ~amage during the 1927 flood reached $6,318,000 sissippi Valley, by local interests now asked to be protected by the (p. 3779). To secure complete flood protection for this railway, in addi Federal Government entirely at Federal Government expense, once tion to all other flood-control expenditures, the Government will thus belonged to the Federal Government. Thereafter a strange cycle of pay to the Illinois Cenh·al Co. for rallway changes $16,400,000, although exploitation followed. In order to drain swamp areas in the valley, the road's gross earnings for 1927 were stated to be $190,000,000. the Federal Government gave swamp lands to the several States to GOVERNMENT EXPENSE WITHOUT LOCAL CONTRffiUTION be sold at $1.25 a.n acre. Such lands were frequently highly valuable No effort is here made to estimate the exact cost of lower Mississippi because of heavy natural timber growth, and curiously some of that Rh·er flood protection either by the committee plan or the Jadwin plan land lies in districts where diversion channels are now planned through or the Mississippi River Commission plan, if without contribution. With old natural flood ways to aid in the control of present-day occasional li.mited contribution the commission offered a partial-relief plan for floods. Under the provisions of the committee bill the lands so given 407,000,000 and for complete control an estimate ot $775,000,000. The away by the Federal Government and so sold by the States at $1.25 .Jadwin plan of $296,400,000 if constructed entirely at Government an acre, now that the valuable timber has been removed, are to be expense may reach over a half billion dollars, while the House committee sold back to the Federal Government at a cost of $75 an acre for cut plan at gauge heights fixed in the bill will cost around $1,500,000,000 as over lands-without contribution. So says the committee bill. shown by the engineer's estimate. 1. In recommending Mississippi flood-control work, President Coolidge To overestimate the cost is to be subjected to merited criticism, in his message to Congress said : but to underestimate the proposed expense or seek to deceive our "Under the present law the land adjacent to the dikes ha paid one selves by omitting or ignoring necessary items that must be paid is third of the cost of their construction. This bas been a most extraor folly without parallel. dinary concession from the plan adopted in relation to irrigation, where If with this lower l\Iissis ippi financial problem to be faced Congress the general rule has been that the land benefited should bear the entire is prepared to bave the ~'ederal Government ru;sume full payment, expense. It is true, of course, that the troublesome waters do not together with an e timated annual maintenance charge of $6,000,000, originate on the land to be reclaimed, but it is also tt·ue that such then the next step will be to determine on what basis contribution waters have a right of way through that section of the country and will be required for flood-control works on possibly a thousand other the land there is charged with that easement. It is the land of this streams, large and small, when carried in an omnibus bill. The pub region that is to be benefited. To say that it is unable to bear any lic building waste and omnibus method of legislation became a public expense of reclamation is the same thing as saying that it is not worth scandal that has been recently abandoned, due in part to the public reclaiming." condemnation of such unbusinesslike methods. 2. Later the President, transmitting to Congress letter from Secre Brief consideration of the flood-control field will disclose possibili tary of War Davis and report of Chief Engineer Jadwin, said: ties for unllmited expenditures through the omnibus system of legisla "It is axiomatic that States and other local authorities should sup tion. The immediate importance of this fact relates to the plan of ply all lands and assume all pecuniary responsibility for damages tbnt local contribution if any to be here adopted, in view of existing law. may result from the execution of the project. It would be revolution ary for the Federal Government to establish the precedent of buying FLOOD CONTROL BILLS part of the land upon which to build protective works to increase the River and harbor projects, some of which now require local con value of the remainder. Similarly it would be very unwise for the t ribution are first recommended to Congress by Army engineers. These United States in generously helping a section of the country to render engineers under existing committee rules must approve all projects itself liable for consequential damages. for purposes of navigation before they are reported by the committee. "The Government may even beat• 80 per cent of suC'h co t, but sub Ovet· 80 per cent of the proposed navigation projects introduced and stantial local cooperation is essential to avoid waste. supported by Repre entntives in Congress have been rejected in the "It would seem that the States should share with the Federal past by these engineers because unworthy of improvement. That rule Government the burden of a sisting the le:vee districts and individual protect the Government against improper expenditures however strongly property owners, especially in new of the fact that the States benefit m ged by localities. directly by the increased taxes from land made more valuable by reason A difference exists with flood control where no report by tbe Army of its protection." l.'ngineers binds the committ ee or Congress. Based upon bills now General Jadwin, Chief of Engineers, has recommended modification b<>fore the Flood Control Committee, streams of insignificant size not of local contribution of from one-third to one-fifth or 20 per cent of capable of improvement for nangation or with any Federal interest the cost of the Mississippi River flood control in addition to a donation involved may be embodied if so determined by the committee in an of needed rights of way and flood ways before the Government proceed omnibus bill. with the general construction of flood control. The field is all-comprehensive. Army engineers are not required to The Secretary of War al!;lo proposed tbat whl.' re localities for any pass upon the commercial values of any flood-control improvement, reason mny be unable to contribute l> ecanse of existing debt burden , although the statute requires an exa mination before adoption. Ordl- that the Government might loan to · such districts or communities for a 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5881 period of 20 years at low rates of interest the amount of their local FACTS BEFORE CO~GRESS contribution so required, and that such loan be used in advancing to Responsibility for such determination in all cases is an obligation completion the tlood-control area. placed on Congress before any decision can be reached intelligently to An additional safeguard against serious delay or failure in construc determine what share of the expense should be borne by the Federal tion of any essential part of the project was provided by authorizing Government and what share by the States and private interests to be the commission or constructing agency, when failure might otherwise benefited. result, to exempt from such contribution any interests, particularly To determine such question for property on both sides of 1,000 miles where no substantial benefits would accrue to them. of the Mississippi River without any definite information on which to It is submitted that before any such action can be taken, definite act and prior to the adoption of any specific plan is to place public facts should be placed before Congress, and the officials authorized to interests secondary to a sentiment in part created by a systematic act in relation to the matter of contribution. powerful propaganda. The possibilities of propaganda apart from per Witnesses heard by the committee, in some cases representing large sonal contact, news editorials, and other forms familiar to members is landowners and other interests alleged not to be unselfish, repeatedly evidenced by the testimony of Mr. Brylawski, pages 4107 and 4108 of portrayed tlood conditions and the distress of small property owners. hearings. After submitting resolutions adopted at Columbus, he said: It bas also been alleged that lobbyists representing large business in " I represent the Picture Owners of America ; I am chairman of its terests owning property in the valley, aided by influential press agencies board of directors." and other propaganda, have sought to impress upon Congress cases of " Gentlemen, that is the form of the language of the resolution. distress that properly excite sympathy. What it really means is this, that the Theater Owners of America, con Congress should relieve such cases with or without contribution, as trolling some 17,000 screens for the purpose of disseminating any may seem necessary, and without hesitation or delay, but Congress propaganda that you might deem desirable to the people of the nited should act intelligently and not permit private interests alleged to be States at such times as you may think it desirable, our idea being that cloaked behind this distress to raid the Federal Treasury. when this measure comes up on the tloor of Congress, should this com The existing law, approved March 1, 1917, provides for controlling mittee think it would be a proper thing to do, we are prepared to run the tloods of the Missi sippi River from the Head of Passes to the in the theaters special films showing the work of control, possibly con mouth of the Ohio River, and contains a carefully considered provision veying some idea of what you propose to do, and to carry that message by Congress enacted at the time, as follows : to the American public so that it may, if pos ible, swing the sentiment "(b) That no money appropriated under authority of this section and votes to you in your efforts •. shall be expended in the construction or repair of any levee unless and "Mr. MAJOR. What do you mean by propaganda? until assurances have been given, satisfactory to the commission, that "Mr. BnYLAWSKI. Blinging it out before the public. We think the local interests protected thereby will contribute for such construction public is prone to forget, and our idea in using the word ' propa and repair a sum which the commission shall determine to be just and ganda '-the word is my own-would be possibly carrying a message equitable, but which shall not be less than one-half of such sum as if necessary to write their Congt·essmen and express their sentiment on may have been allotted by the commission for such work: Provided, this work." That such contributions shall be expended under the direction of the Necessity for flood relief, and relief without delay, is certain, but it commission, or in such manner as it may require or approve, but no shoulu not be made a vehicle for huge profits by financial interests to contribution made by any State or levee district shall be expended in be benefited in land sales, improved land values, and otherwise by such any other State or levee district except with the appro.val of the control works without any contribution by localities benefited. authorities of the State or district so contributing." A proposed amendment for a financial survey of the Miss! sippi In order to insure cooperation by the State to be benefited by such Valley tlood district was heretofore rejected by the committee. Again flood protection undertaken by the Federal Government, paragraph (d) it is urged for reason briefly stated as follows: further provides : . THE NEED OF A PRELIMIXARY ECO~OMIC SURVEY "(d) No money appropriated under authority of this act s·nall v" H. R. 8219 fails to provide for an economic survey of the lo-wer expended in payment for any right of way for any levee which may be Mississippi area, to determine in advance what local contributions, if constructed in cooperation with any State or levee district under au any, should be required. Local contributions have hitherto been the thority of this act, but all such rights of way shall be provided tree of rule. In view of the vastness of the 1927 flood, and the great disaster cost to the United States: Provided, That no money paid or expense which resulted therefrom, the feeling of Congress and of the country incurred by any State or levee district in securing such rights of way, has been generous in the extreme with respect to the suffering and loss or in any temporary works of emergency during an impending flood, or of the inhabitants of the alluvial Delta from Cairo to the Gulf. There for the maintenance of any levee line, shall be computed as a part of is no disposition anywhere to drive a hard bargain or to insist upon a the contribution of such State or levee district toward the construction burdensome local contribution. There is a disposition, however, on the or repair of any levee within the meaning of paragraph (b) of this part of many, which will grow as the American people come to under section." stand the soundness of it, to maintain in a reasonable manner the To provide unbiased and authentic information on which Congress principle of local self-help, to prevent countless tlood and tributary could base legislation, the tlood control act further provided a pre and reservoir enterprises which will hereafter arise from taking an requisite to any particular flood-control legi latlon, as follows: unfair advantage of this present mighty burst of national feeling about " SEC. 3. • • In consideration of all works and projects relat- the Mississippi catastrophe. It may reasonably be argued that there is ing to flood control which may be submitted to the Board of Engineers a special benefit which will accrue to the lower ~Iississippi area from for Rivers and Harbors for consideration and recommendation, said the perfected project under the proposed act. It would seem likely that board shall, in addition to any other matters upon which it may be the income from the cotton fields, for example, would be more con required to report, state its opinions as to (a) what Federal interest, tinuous and the acrea• more widely extended if there is adequate pro if any, is involved in the proposed improvement; (b) what share of tection from even a superflood. It would appear that the realty values the expense, if any, should be borne by the United States; and (c) the in the towns and villages and cities in that fertile Delta will rise in advisabilitY of adopting the project." the next quarter of a century, as the result of perfect security, to Inversely stated, Congress bas determined upon the advisability of !)eights which would not have been reached otherwise. There appears adopting some project for the control of the Mississippi River. The to be a special benefit as well as a general benefit. If this is true, then 1927 flood and past congressional action has saved any necessity for the principles of the special assessment should be applied to the examination as to the "advisability" other than the particular project financing of this project. which is yet to be adopted. The law requiring contn1mtion is proposed But under all the circumstances of this particular problem this to be changed by the bill without any effort to have a financial survey theory is questioned by many. It is held that the project has reached of the lands or of landowners and other interests to be protected or to the stage of becoming entirely national, and that the construction and determine "what share of the expense, if any, should be borne by the administration, the maintenance and the obligation are, and of a right United States." ought to be, wholly with the Federal Government. It is maintained Practically all witnesses called before the committee were interested that the alluvial Delta has paid to the limit until it can pay no more. in having complete flood-control works furnished by the Federal Gov It is held that the equities of burden as between the States are so ernment, and with equal unanimity all agreed that all expenses for any uncertain, and under the project become so unreasonable, that the only and every flood-control purpose should be paid by the Federal Govern solution is the Federal payment of the whole bill. ment without contribution from local interests to be benefited. We submit that any proposed expenditure involving hundreds of FACTS, NOT EMOTION, l\'EEDED FOR INTELLIGENT ACTIO~ millions o.f dollars of Federal funds, primarily for private protection, The truth about these opposed contentions can not be determi"ned necessarily will enormously increase property values of lands and bonds by emotion or sympathy ·or desire but by facts determined on the spot. held as security against said property, and that Congress should have Nobody now has the facts. The Federal Government bas a right to reliable data, as provided by law, in order to determine "what share of know about these things. Congress has no right to appropriate these the expense, if any, should be borne by the United States" and those vast sums until it knows about these things. On the economic side the benefited. report of the Army engineers is only an approximation. It does not 5882 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 pretend to be anything more. For example, the Army engineers esti· its recommendation the commission shall give consideration to the mate the flowage damages on the Birds Point and New Madrid flood actual and relative benefits accruing from the project to the Nation and way at three and one-halt millions. The estimate of Mr. Berthe, the to the several States and localities affected ; to the value of the terrl engineer of the levee dLstrict near Cairo, is eighteen mllllons. They are tory in said alluvial valley ; to the probable effect of the adoption of miles apart. Who is right'! The country, the Delta, the Congress have its recommendations, as a precedent in tbe future consideration ot a right to know. There is some testimony before the committee that flood-control problems elsewhere in the country ; and to other perti land in the Yazoo Yalley is worth only $40 an acre. Other witnesses nent aspects of the economic problems involved. The aforesaid re testified it is worth at least $100 an acre. Who is right? It makes a port shall be transmitted by the President to the Congress at its next difference in the amount of contribution or burden which the land session." might conceivably and reasonably still carry. And nothing above contained should be construed as delaying tlle And the proposed great flood ways down the Boeuf and the .Atcha vigorous prosecution, under direction of the flood commission or of the falaya. Secretary of War and Chief of Engineers, of essential works of flood Why should the territory of Arkansas and Louisiana be utilized to controL The survey need not delay the prosecution of the project a provide vast flood ways of safety and pay the entire local share of single day. the burden, when the State of Mississippi gets a large share of the CONCLUSION bt>nefit! What, if anything; should Mississippi pay, provided Arkansas We believe full authority should be given tbe agency selected to pro· antl Louisiana pay? vide plans and execute them. For that reason no maximum gauge INCREASED VALUES THROUGH PROTECTION heights as contained in the bill should be fixed by Congress. It ought to be known, too, what tbe real value of the property is An economic survey by Government agencies should be made at once that is to be protected if you are going to tax against it; railways, to determine local benefits contribution where warranted and a provi cities, towns, agriculture land, cleared, cut over, swamp, timber land. sion for loans by the Government when advisable or exemptions from .Tile land should be classified to determine how far the values are payment where necessary to the execution of a comprehensive plan of sufficient to warrant the cost of full protection ; and in the case of flood control. lands that are not, how far they will be injured or benefited by partial Repairs to levees and raising to the established grade with protected protection. What compensation is just to any areas which will be river revetment, all part of every proposed flood-control plan, should be given le s protection than at the present time? The assessed values continued without delay. of different classes of land and their relation to actual values; what W. F. KOPP. is it going to cost to protect tllese values? Should not the land be JAMES A. FREAR, classified, and tbe worthies which can bear nothing, separated from GALE H. STALKER. the productive which can bear something? Will not the railways in the F. M. DAVEXPORT. protected areas be better off? In the course of the years will not tbe C. G. SELVIG. real property values in the towns and villages and cities rise higher T. c. CoCHRA~. than the normal increment would carry them, because of the security A Trojan warrior who ha~ stood firm in his protection of the afforded them by a perfected flood-control project? If the real as well Government Treasury is the distinguished chairman of the as the personal, the tangible as well as the intangible values are sure great Appropriations Committee, 1\!A.RTIN 1\LumEN. He is not ultimately to rise hopefully upon the completion of the project, what· in physical condition to take ac-tive part in this discussion that should be the method of distribution of local contribution? is about to inyolve the Federal Government in a billion-dollar Should there be a moratorium period'! If those who are to be bene expenditure for one project, but with a clear viBion of what it fited can not pay anything now, can they pay something later, when means and what is to follow l\Ir. MADn~ made a statement for the increment of value accrues to them? In what proportion should publication that can not be oYerlooked, coming from such a expenditures of each kind--damage, flowage, rights of way, construc distinguished authority. . . tion costs-be borne? Should the United States defer tbe local I quote his opinion of the former bill which is practically the payments, guarantee local bonds, itself take the bonds? Who owns same in many particulars as the Jones bill passed by the Senate the land? Who owns the bonds of the levee districts? What is the and now before the House : financial status of the levee districts? What do intensive studies [From the Chicago Sunday Tribune, February 19, 1928] at typical points reveal as to the real income, the real profit, the real productiveness, the real taxable capacity of the land? What is the MADDEN VISIO ·s FivE-BILLION COST IN FLOOD CONTROL-SAYS STATES relation between the amount of money the people in the Mississippi SHOULD PAY SHARE Delta have already spent upon levees to the benefits which they have WASHINGTON, D. C., February 18 (Special).-Five billion dollars may all the time received in return? Is it more or less? .And approxi be the ultimate cost to tbe United States of flood-control projects mately how much? In the long range of the years, when tbe levee throughout the country if Congress approves the Reid bill, Representa line could be relatively low, was there really a very great burden upon tive MARTIN B. J.\lADDEN (Representative, Illinois), chairman of the tbe land and production? In the more recent years, when the height House Committee on .Appropriations said to-day. of the levee line and the nece sary breadth and strength of the levee Representative MADDEN indicated his intention to fight to the finish have for a v.ariety of reasons become much greater, greater tban the for the administration flood-control plan under which local communities localities could reasonably con tn1ct or maintain or pay largely toward would share the cost and against the establishment of the principle of constructing and maintaining, should not some credit be given for the Reid bill plncing complete responsibility upon the Federal Govern this onerous increment of burden? And how much? Are the tentative ment. financial recommendations of the various bills to be regarded as .a WOl:'LD COST :BILLIONS precedent for flood-control works in the Mississippi Valley or in the While the Reid bill as approved by the IIouse Flood Control Com United States generally' mittt>e authorizes the appropriation of $473,000,000 and applies specifi .And finally, is it nature or the Nation which is responsible for the cally only to the lower Mississippi, Mr. J.\lADoEN asserted that the decla gt·eat Mis issippi floods? and if both, how much of each'! How much is ration for full Federal responsibility would pave the way for other due to original topography and bow much to modern drainage? projects costing the Gquitable burden like these by guessed-at Government, would cost in excess of $100,000,000, and that the payment percentages or slapstick financial sections inserted in a bill? Congress of flood damages which the Reid bill similarly shifts from local govem and the Government of the United States have a right to know these ments to the national would mean hundreds of millions in addition. thing . The people of the Delta are as loyal citizens as can be found in "There are six States:-New York, Pennsylvania, Massachuset-ts, Ollio, the country. They are not afraid of the facts. Tht>y have no wish to New Jersey, and Illinois-which ordinarily pay about 80 p~r cent of embarrass ·the Government for the future. all the cost of the Federal Government,'' l'l1r. IADDEX said. " None of PROPOSALS FOR ECONOMIC SURVEY these States is asking for any money for flood control within theiL· own Any Mississippi flood control bill should authorize an immediate borders. Yet under the proposal in the Reid bill these States woult.l economic survey and should have in it provisions similar to the be required to pay 80 per cent of the cost of flood control on the following: lower Mississippi. "'l'he commission shall report to the President on or before Xovem WHAT ILLINOIS WOULD PAY ber 15, 1928, its recommendations as to the share which should in "Illinois ordinarily pays about one-tenth of the cost of running the equity be borne by the United States, by the several States a1Iected, Government, which mt>ans that if flood-control projects ultimately cost and by other agencies, of the costs of the engineering work ente1ing $5,000,000,000, Illinois's share will be half a million. New York State into the adopted project, and of any costs or damages necessary to or would have to pay 25 per cent, or a billion and a quarter. ari ing out of the execution of the project; and as to the manner and "Is there any reason why a few Statt>s which may never want mode by which such States or other agencies should meet the costs or Federal assistance to guard against floods, each of which has sufficient contributions, if any, which would thus devolve on them. In making resources to meet their owp n~ds, should assume a perpetual obliga- 1928 CONGRESSIO~AL RECORD-HOUSE 5883 tion to meet the obligations of other States while the other States are the construction thereof, or to make such other arrangement with not even asked to contribute to their own welfare? The question respect thereto as may be agreed upon by the commission with such answers itself. State, county, levee district, or other local agency. "It is true that the people of the South have sutrered and are en I am only stating the proposal without argument to indi titled to assistance to the extent· that assistance can properly be given. cate the tendency of tlood-control legislation to " reimburse " I am in favor of the Federal Government's making a contribution o! all ·Iocal payments in addition to striking down anything that part of the cost of flood control on the lower Mississippi as proposed bars the way to an unprecedented onslaught on the Federal in the Jadwin plan. But I want it to be understood as a voluntary Treasury. conh·ibution by the Government and not as establishing the principle THE JO~ES BILL PASSED BY THE SENATE that tile Federal GOV('rnment acsumes complete responsibility." The bill just quoted is not followed to the same extreme by An official of the Goverument whose oath of office to sup the Jones bill, now reported for House action. When before the port the Constitution is interpreted to ~nclude a guardian Senate the RECORD of Senate proceedings indicates the charac ship of the Nation's strong box has also expressed his opinion ter of the discussion. Generous bouquets were handed out in of the Jones bill. That obligation rests equally on every that old historic legislative Chamber, in which delicate "forget 1\Iember of Congress, but sometimes when personal or political me-nots" were profusely scattered. Only by reading the interests conflict with plain duty we follow the crowd. Lest we RECORD can a full understanding of the situation be had in fw~t: · the hour given to a discussion of the bill appropriating a thou [From the Evening Star, Washington, D. C., April 3, 1928] sand million dollars. These proceedings are found in the House report on tl.~e PRESIDEI\'"T SCORES JO~"ES FLOOD BILL-FEELS MEASURE DOES NOT Jones bill and are illuminating. Any deliberative or thorough SPECIFICALLY SET FORTH EXPENDITURES analysis of different provisions of the bill there lacking en President Coolidge feels that the Jones flood control bill,- approved dence the exact amount of time and care given by this great by the Senate and now before the House, is open to criticism because legislative body to an unprecedented measure reaching upward the expenditures it would authorize for protecting the Mississippi of a billion dollars as stated, which, under all rules of proce River from further disasters are not specifically set forth. dure, past practice, and the Constitution, should properly origi- · The bill makes it impossible, in the President's judgment, to say nate in the House. bow much flood control will cost. Thoughtful consideration is shown when a distinguished Senator Jo~Es himself, Mr. Coolidge remembers, in reporting his speaker, in response to an inquiry, answered that the project bill to the Senate, admitted that the final expense in completing the might cost anywhere from $700,000,000 to far more than that flood-control work would be far above $700,000,000. This shows a amount, which was the reason we may infer why only $325,- great discrepancy with the $325,000,000 estimate which Maj. Gen. 000,000 was inserted in the bill. This painstaking effort not Edgar Jadwin thought adequate for completing satisfactory flood to get within gunshot of the actual cost reminds one of the relief plans. historical incident when Tell placed an apple on his boy's In addition to Senator Jo~ES, Senator SIMMo~s. of North Carolina, head with the memorable remark, "All for one and one for al o estimated that the final task of flood-relief measures as outlined all." Only this difference exists that apple sauce besprinkled in the Jones measure would vastly exceed the $325,000,000 which the with granulated tributary sugar stood for the last mark to be bill carries now. One other Senator estimated that it would cost at shot at. Read the report. least $1,000,000,000. When the Senate bill came before our committee I modestly Nothing has occurred in the flood-control situation to change the offered to double the Senate appropriation either to seven or views of President Coolidge which he expressed in his annual message eight hundred million dollars, so that it might in some slight to Congress and subsequently in the press. Pending final action of the degree approximate a correct understanding of the Government House on the Jones bill, President Coolidge is having this measure expenditure involved. carefully investigated to determine its good and bad points with a This was opposed on the theory that stigmatism, cataract, or >iew to securing to it such amendments as may appear necessary in complete blindness is more fully covered by colored gla8Ses his estimation. than by exposing such sad misfortunes to the vulgar gaze. In This opinion by t11e Nation's Chief Executive was not ex like manner the vision of no Congressman need be disturbed by pressed alone several months ago, but apparently within 24 the amount involved in the Senate bill as it passed the Senate hours was repeated in last night's Star. or was reported by the House committee. Righteous indigna Objections to the bill could be pointed out to the President tion might cause some taxpayer to demand to know why in that merit its defeat, but I ha\e directed all criticisms in both Senate and House a misleading amount has been inserted the e remarks to the one outstanding injustice and unholy without expert advice unusual with those charged with legis lengue between prospective tributal'ies that permit a $1,000,- lative duties. I make no comment beyond a statement of facts 000,000 drain on the Federal Treasury without any contribu that invite close scrutiny of a bill in many other particulars tion from those enormously benefited by flood protection. than are here indicated. With the foregoing facts hurriedly prepared, but valuable COXGRESSION.AL RESPO~SIBILITY FOR RESULTS for reference purposes, I add that Mr. l\IADD~'s prediction of White House visitors have repeatedly retlected their personal eventual cost is based on solid ground. Any action excusing views when alleging that President Coolidge has changed his local contribution will be . w·ged in ali future projects as a position on contributions as first announced in his message to precedent. Congress. It was repeatedly m·ged before the committee by witnesses In contradiction appear occasional reports that the Go\ern who hold no responsible relations to the Government. It was ment's Chief Executive has not changed. Nothing has since urged as a general policy by Members of Congress and others been presented to warrant his support of a bill that gives away who under an omnibus bill collecting in projects ft·om all large slices of wealth to private interests at Treasury expense. over the country will make the fattest pork barrel in past I have not heard directly nor indu·ectly, nor do I believe it history look sylphlike in proportions when confronted with pos is any concern of Congress what action President Coolidge may sibilities invited by the real article. take on this bill if it reaches him in its present form. No man Two paragraphs from Senate bill S. 819 show the attitude of can disguise the effect on the country's finance , invited by no distinguished Senators who would go the limit, according to the contribution. Eve-ry project hereafter will have behind its sup pronsions of their bills. The Senator gave his testimony before porters enough cupidity to demand and often secure the same the House committee. I quote from hls bill that ap:vropriates consideration. Few measures in time of peace haye ever been $1,000,000,000: before Congress that involved. the approval of such an unwar SPECIAL POWERS OF COllMISSIO~ ranted and suicidal financial policy. (1) To take over and as ume control of all levees and other 1lood Congress has evaded responsibility in another legislath·e control works, and work of j;nprovement upon and along the body and it is possible we may do the same here, thus per Mississippi River, its tributaries, inlets, and outlets now being main mitting grasping intere8ts to make enormous profits on land tained by any agency of the Federal Government. of little value and vastly enhancing the value of other property (2 ) To take over and assume control of all levees and other flood· that will be raise<}. to fabulous figures if the Government buys control works and works of improvement under the jurisdiction of in order to protect the lives of local people. Adjoining land any State, county, levee district, or other local agency, if such similarly situated will be a mine of wealth to the owners after State, county·, leyee district, or other local agency so requests the the bill's passage with the Treasury vaults for that gold mine. commission, and the commission deems it advisable so to do ; and to Whatever the attitude of the Executive may be-and he is x·eimburse any such State, county, levee district, or other local agency no more responsible for Treasm·y protection than every indi for any moneys advanced or funds expended in the construction of vidual Senator and Representative-! believe when the facts any such works, to assume the outstanding indebtedness incurred in are known, as they could be made known by a vigorous Execn-- LXIX--371 5884 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4

tive message demanding contribution from those able to pay, For the annual flow of the Tenness~e is greater than that of the that the country would support such action and it might help to Ohio. stiffen the backbone of those who are moved by different con The flow of the Tennessee is irregular, erratic. At times it is a siderations to go with the crowd and thus scuttle the Treasury. raging torrent, emptying into the Ohio a flood that later comes down I hope a Mississippi River flood control measure will pass and the Mississippi to threaten the peace of those who live behind the give early relief to those in real distress or possible future levees. At times the Tennessee is so reluctant in flow that the stream danger; but if this bill passes the House without any effort to bed mostly is sand bar. compel local contribution by those able to contribute, I hope For effective operation, a hydroelectric plant is no bigger than the the bill will get what it inntes and 'richly deserves-a veto. smallest flow of water through the generating turbines. At Muscle Predictions are not dangerous as to what would follow, for Shoals the range in this flow is tremendous. if a flood control bill was likely to fail unless an honest In flood season the flow is such that Muscle Shoals could generate attempt was made to protect the Government from influences a million horsepower of electric current, had it the equipment. In low now hiding behind the skirts of national sympathy, then the season there is speculation if Muscle Shoals can generate 100,000 horse interests most concerned would hold responsible for failure power. Some estimate it as low as 75,000 hol\sepower. those who for selfish interests are holding out against reasonable Wbat is true of Muscle Shoals is true of all other actual and po contribution. tential power sites along the Tennessee River. There is at all plants All have their individual responsibilities, and I have endeav a staggering difference between high and low flow. ored to pre ent for your consideration manifold reasons why the This is where Cove Creek comes in. Jones bill as at present written should be defeated. up toward the head source of the watershed is Cove Creek. At a An estimate received from the engineers' office at my request cost of perhaps $38,000,000, it is proposed to build there a dam. The has computed the Federal Go•ernment's expenditure under the primary purpose of this dam would not be the development of power bill at costs of acquiring land at $25, $50, and $75 an acre. The at Cove Creek. The primary purpose would be to regulate the flow latter figme was declared to be a fair figure· for cut-o'\""er land by of water down the river. one witness, so was submitted as a proba})le cost fixed by partial Experts representing the National Power & Light Co. have stated -juries. that, if Cove Creek Dam is built, Muscle Shoals will be assured an THE VARIOUS ESTIMATES ARE PRESE~TE:u even flow of water to guarantee continuous generation of 600,000 horse power instead of the present minimum of 100,000 Qr less. Costs that rnay deulop frotn the Jones bill These figures seem wide but all agree that the building of a dam at Cove Creek would at least double the constant power generated at Land in Landin Landin large flood large flood large flood Muscle Shoals. ways at $75 ways at $50 ways at $25 It would do more. It would increase by two-fold or more the power per acre per acre per acre possibilities of all the privately owned ;hydroelectric projects between Cove Creek and Muscle Shoals. Army engineer project ______$296,400,000 $296.400,000 $296, 400, 000 Cove Creek Dam would stabilize water flow in the Tennessee River. All rights of way and drainage, plus flow- This would serve to lessen flood damage along the Tenne see, Obio, age and damages, Bonnet Carre and and Mi sissippi Rivers. It would, too, generate its own power during Bayou Des Glaizes loop______11,500,000 11,500,000 11,500,000 Land, damages, etc., Birds Point-New ___ the seasons of the year when water would be let out of Cove Creek to Madrid flood way as estimated by feed the downstream power units. local people (Mr. Reid)______18,500,000 18,500,000 18,500,000 Uncle Sam proposes to develop :Muscle Shoals and at the same Boeuf and Atchafalaya flood ways (3,713,696 acres at $75, $50, and $25 per time to take from the Power Trust the development of Cove Creek. And acre) ______------_------278, 600, 000 185,700,000 92,900,000 be proposes that s~nce the building of Cove Creek Dam will so greatly Railroad claims estimated by railroad increase the production possibilities of power companies below Cove chief engineers' committee (see p. 146, report of Chairman Frank R. Reid, Creek that the companies benefited shall pay a small fee for the bene flood control in the Mississippi Valley, fit. At which the private company to-day rises to howl. March, 1928)_ ------___ 71,800,000 71,800,000 71,800,000 Highway claims if allowed______11,500,000 11,500,000 11,500,000 Do yon think they have a just howl? Masonry spillways if substituted by STONE MOUNTAL~ board______54,000,000 54,000,000 54,000,000 Additional freeboard of 4 feet i! substi- Mr. SNELL. Mr. Speaker, I send to the Clerk's desk Senate tuted by board_------167,000,000 167,000,000 167,000,000 Atchafalaya revetments (Mississippi Concun-ent Resolution 13 and a..,k for its immediate considera River Commission)______4, 500,000 4, 500,000 4, 500,000 tion. 1------1 ------~------The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from New TotaL______913,800,000 820, 000, ()()() 728, 100,000 From the surveys of tributaries author York offers Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 and a ks for its ized there may develop tributary and immediate consideration. The Clerk will report the resolu upper river work far exceeding tion. $86,000,000 (estimate for parts affected by backwater). The total will be de- The Clerk read the resolution, as follows: pendent upon local contributions and Concurrent Resolution 13 rights-of-way payments adopted______86,000,000 86,000,000 86,000, ()()() Resolt;ed by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), Grand total __ ------999,800,000 906,900,000 814, 100, 000 That all necessary expense incurred by the committee of Congress con sisting of 5 Senators and 10 Members of the House appointed by the From the survey authorized from Baton Rouge to Cape Girardeau there may Vice President and the Speaker to represent the Congress of the develop a reservoir project which would substitute $1,500,000,000 for the above. The estimated assessed value of the lands in the large flood ways is $25 per acre, or about united States at the exercises at Atlanta, Ga., on April 9, 1928, inci $92,900,000. dent to the unveiling- of a portion of Stone Mountain by the Stone COYE CllEE'K Mountain Confeuerate Monumental Association, be, and they are hereby, authorized to be paid one half out of the contingent fund of Mr. FISHER. l\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to the House of Representatives and the remaining half out of the con have inserted in the RECORD a statement about the value of tingent fund of the Senate. Cove Creek in the development of the Tenne see River. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Tennessee The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the REOOIID by ent consideration of the resolution? inserting a statement as indicated by him. Is there objection? There was no objection. There was no objection. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to the resolution. Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, under the leave to extend my The resolution was agreed to. remarks in the RECORD, I include the following statement about the value of Cove Creek in the development of the Tennessee CO-~FER~CE REPORT--THE JUDICIAL CODE River: Mr. DYER. l\Ir. Speaker, I a 'k unanimous consent to take THlll WHY OF COYE CREEK up the conference report on H. R. 8725, an act to amend section Downstream, near where the Tennessee River rushes from the last 224 of the Judicial Code, and agree to the same. This will not bench Jand and there turns itself from a stream of fast fall and rapid take any great length of time. flow into a slow-moving lowland river, is Muscle Shoals. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Missouri Once they take the final leap from the bench laud, the waters of asks unanimous consent to call up the conference report on the the Tennessee River have no power potentialities. The water is just bill H. R. 8725, which the Clerk will report. water, and in flood time is more of curse than blessing. The Clerk read the title of the bill. Near Paducah, Ky., the Tennessee River empties into the Ohio River. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the re It would be better to say that the Ohio empties into the Tennessee. quest of the gentleman from Missouri? 19:38 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE 5885_

~Ir. GAR~""ER of Texas. :Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to Mr. DENISON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that object, I would like to-ask the gentleman from Missouri whether the statement may be read in lieu of the report. he has spoken to the gentleman from Texas [Mr. SuMNERS] The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Illinois with reference to this conference report? asks unanimous consent that the statement may be read in Mr. DYER. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. SUMNERs] is lieu of the report. Is there objection 1 one of the conferees and signed the report. There was no objection. • The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection? The Clerk read the statement. There was no objection. The conference report and statement are as follo·ws : l\Ir. DYER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the statement may be read in lieu of the report. CONFERENCE REPORT The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Missouri The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the asks unanimous consent that the statement may be read in lieu two Houses on the amendments of the House to the bill ( S. of the report. Is there objection? 1498) entitled "An act to extend the time for the construction There was no objection. of a bridge across the Chesapeake Bay, and to fix the location The Clerk read the statement. of said bridge," having me-t, after full and free conference have The conference report and statement are as follows : agreed to recommend and do recommend to their respective Houses as follows : CONFEREXCE REPORT That the House recede from its amendments numbered 1 and The committee of conference on the disagreeing -votes of the 2. and to th'e amendment to the title. two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. JAMES S. PARKER, 8725) entitled "An act to amend section 224 of the Judicial E. E. DENISON' Code" ha-ving met, after full and free conference have agreed TILMAN PARKS, to recommend and do recommend to their respective Houses as M a.nagers <»t the Part ot tlt-e House. follows: W. L. JoNES, That the House recede from its disagreement to the amend CHAS. L. MoNARY, ment of the Senate numbered 2, and agree to the same. DUNCAN U. Fl.ETCHER, Amendment numbered 1: That the House recede from its Managers em.. the Part of the Senate. disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 1, and agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In lieu of STATEMENT the amount proposed to be inserted by the said amendment, The managers on the part of the House at the conference on in 'el't "$5,500"; and the Senate agree to the same. the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments JOHN J. BLAINE, of the House to the bill (S. 1498) to extend the time for the CHARLES W. WATERMAN, construction of a bridge across the Chesapeake Bay, and to H. D. STEPHENS fix the location of said bridge, submit the following' statement Ma1wum-s on the part of tlte Senate. in explanation of the effect of the action agreed upon by the GEO. S. GRAHAM, conference committee and embodied in the accompanying con L.C. DYER, ference report, namely : HATTON W. SuMNERS, The Senate bill is an act extending the time for the construc Managers on the part of the House. tion of a bridge across the Chesapeake Bay, as authorized by an act of Congress passed during the Sixty-ninth Congress. STATEMEXT The original act, by general language, fixed the location of the bridge. The Senate bill, in addition to extending the time for The managers on the part of the House at the conference on commencing and completing the construction of the bridge, the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of also fixed a definite. location for the bridge. Ordinarily bridge the Senate to the bill H. R. 8725, submit the following written bills do not definitely fix the location of bridges. They ordi !;:tatement explaining the effect of the action agreed on by the narily provide that the bridge may be constructed "at or near" conference committee and submit it in the accompanying con a certain location, leaving it to the Chief of Engineers, who ference report. approves the plans, to fix the exact location of the bridge in The only mate1ial changes made by the Senate are: the interests of navigation. 1. To change the salary of the marshal from $6,000, as pro For that reason tlle House amended the Senate bill by strik vided in the House bill, to $5,000 per annum. The conferees rec ing out the section of the Senate bill providing for a definite ommend herein $5,500 ; and location of the bridge. 2. To strike out the provision that limits the salaries fixed for At the conference it was ascertained that the location author the marshal's assistants and messengers to the Supreme Court ized in the original act was not quite broad enough to permit to "the compensation allowed to officers of the House of R-epre the bridge to be built at the particular place where the Chief sentati'res of similar grade." of Engineers was willing to grant approval for its construction. GEO. S. GRAHAM, Therefore it was thought advisable, in extending the time for L. C. DYER, beginning and completing the construction of the bridge, to HATI'ON w. SUMN'ERS. also fix definitely the location of the bridge as agreed upon Managers on the part of the House. with the Chief of Engineers. In view of that condition the managers on the part of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to House receded from its amendments to the Senate bill and the conference report. agreed to the same. The conference report was agreed to. JAMES S. pARKER-, CO~""FERENCE REPORT-BRIDGE ACROSS THE CHESAPEAKE BAY E. E. DENISON, TILMAN PARKS, Mr. DENISON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to Ma-nagers on, the part of the Hou.sc. call up the conference report on Senate bill 1498, an act to ex tend the time for the construction of a bridge across the Chesa The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to peake Bay, and to fix the location of said bridge. This con ference report bas been pending for some time, and I haye the conference report been trying to get it up, but various things have interfered. The conference report was agreed to. The SPEAKER- pro tempore. The gentleman from Illinois CONFERENCE REPORT-BRIDGE BILLS asks unanimous consent to call up conference report on S. Mr. DENISON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to 1498. Is there objection? call up the conference reports on the following bills : Mr. SJ\"'ELL. Will this take any great length of time? H. R. 9137, a bill granting the consent of Congress to the Mr. DENISO~. It will take no time at all. It is a ghort Highway Department of the State of Te-nnessee to construct a matter and will not take much time. If it would, I would not bridge across the Cumberland River on the Lebanon-Hartsville call it up. road in Wilson and Trousdale Counties, Tenn.; H. R. 9147, a The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the bill bill granting the consent of Congress to the Highway Department by title. of the State of Tennessee to construct, maintain, and operate The Clerk read the title of the bill a toll bridge across the Tennessee River on the Jasper-Chatta The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres nooga road in Marion County, Tenn. ; H. R. 9197, a bill granting ent consideration of the conference report? the consent of Congress to the Highway Department of the State There was no objection. of Tennessee to construet a bridge across the Tennessee River 5886 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 on the Knoxville--)laryville road in Knox County, Tenn. ; H. R. issued for the construction of all the bl'idges were paid for and 91'98, a bill granting the consent of Congress to the Highway thereafter make them free. This provision was not in harmony Department of the State of Tennessee to construct a bridge with the policy heretofore followed by the House and the Senate across the Tennessee River on the Pa.I·is-Dover road in Henry in granting franchi es for the construction of toll bridges. It and Stewart Counties, Tenn.; and H. R. 9199, a bill granting has been the policy of Congress heretofore to provide that when the consent of Congress to the Highway Department of the State sufficient tolls have been collected from a bridge to pay for its of Tennessee to construct a bridge acros~ the Cumberland River cost of consn·uction it should thereafter be made free. The act on the Dove-r-Clarks\ille road in Stewa.I't County, Tenn. of the Tennes ee Legisl.a tore provides that tolls may be collected l\lr. Speaker, if I may add just a word here, I think it will on each of the bridges until all of them are paid for. save reading the statements. These are bridge bills giving the The managers on the part of the House agreed to recede from consent of Con~e!;ls to build b~idges in the State of Tennessee. its disagreement to the amendment of the Senate and agree to They all involve the same question. The bills had to go to the same with an amendment. The amendment a&reed upon by conference on account Qf a peculiru.: law which was pas ed by the managers on the part of the House and the Senate provides the Legislature of Tennessee. It was thought wise to amend that the State of Tennessee may cha1·ge tolls for the use of the our form of bill to conform to the State law and pe~:mit them to bridges authorized by the acts of the Tennessee State Legisla build these bridges. This matter was settled in confe:.,:ence in ture and that the tolls may be applied to the payment of the a manner that wa~ satisfactory to tl:\e authors of the bill and to co t of maintaining, operating, and repairing the bridge , and the committees of the House and the Senate. create a sinking fund ufficient to amortize the bonds is ued for Mr. GARNER of Texas. It is a unanimous report? the construction of all the bridges, and they shall thereafter be 1\Ir. DENISON. It is a unanimous report of the conferees, made free. The effect of the amendment agreed to is that these and I ask unanimous consent that the statements may be con id bridges may be constructed and amortized in accordance with ered as having been read and the conference reports agreed to. the acts of the Legislature of the State of Tennessee which pro The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Illinois vide for their con truction. While this is a departure from the ask unanimous consent that the reading of the reports or the policy heretofore followed by Congress in granting franchi es statements in lieu thereof be dispensed with and that the for the construction of such bridges, it was thought advi able conference reports be agreed to. The Clerk will report the bills to consent to this departure in these cases in order not to pre by title. vent the construction of the bridges. The agreement was The Clerk read the titles of the bills. reached, however, upon the under tanding that the action in the e cases is not to be taken as a precedent and that similar CONFERENCE REPORT--LEBANON BRIDGE ROAD action will not be agreed to in other cases. The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the JAME-s S. PARKER, two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. E. E. DENISON, 9137) granting the consent of Congress to the Highway De TILMAN PARKS, partment of the State of Tennessee to construct a bridge across Managers on t11t8 f)art of the Ho ~use. the Cumberland River on the Lebanon-Hartsville road in Wil son and Trou dale Countie ~ , Tenn., having met, after full and OO~FEillENCE REPORT--JASPER ROAD BRIDGE free conference have agreed to recommend and do recommend The committee of conference on the disagreeing \Otes of the to their re ·pecti\e Houses a follows : two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. That the Senate recede from its amendment numbered 2 and 9147) granting the consent of Congress to the Highway Depart agree to tlle following amendment in Heu thereof: Page 2, line ment of the State of Tennessee to con truct, maintain, and 9, strike out the last two word , ''sufficient to'', and strike out operate a toll bridge across the Tennessee River, on the Jasper all of line 10 and line 11 down to and including the word " cost" Chattanooga road in Marion County, Tenn., having met, after anu insert in lieu thereof the 'following: .. which, together with full and free conference have agreed to recommend and do the sinking fund created from the tolls from othex bridges au· 1·ecommend to their re pective Houses, as follow : thorized by the law of the State of Tennessee which provides That the Senate recede from its amendment No. 1 and agree for the con truction of the bridge to be built under this act, to the following amendment in lieu thereof : Page 2, line 9, shall be sufficient to amortize the bonds issued under such act" ; strike out the last word and trike out all of line 10 and line and the House agree to the same. 11 down to and including the word " co ·t " and inse1·t in lieu That the Ilouse recede from its disagreement to the amend- thereof the following: "which, together with the inking fund ments of the Senate numbereu 1, and agree to the same. created from the tolls from other bridger; authorized by the JAMES s. P .\RKER, law of the State of Tennessee which provides for the construc E. E. DENISON, tion of the bridge to be built under this act, shall be sufficient Tn.MAN PARKS, to amortize the bonds issued under such act" ; and the Hou ·e Managers on the part of the House. agree to the same. w. L. JONES, JAMES S. PARKER, PO&'l'ER H. DALE, E. E. DENISO , MoRRis SHEPPARD, Tll.MAN pARKS, Ma11agers on the part of the Senate. Managas on the part of the House. w. L. JONES, STATEMENT PORTER H. DALE, The managers on the part of the House at the conference on MORRIS SHEPPARD, the disagreeing vote of the two Houses on the amendment of Managers on tl!e part of the enate. the Senate to the bill (H. R. 9137) granting the consent of Con gress to the Highway Department of the State of Tennessee to STATEMENT con. truct a bridge across the Cumberland River on the Lebanon Tile managers on the part of the Hou~::;e at the conference on Hartsville road in Wilson and Trousdale Counties, Tenn., sub the disagreeing votes of the two Hou es on the amendment of mit the following statement in explanation of the effect or the the Senate to the bill (H. R. 9H7) "An act granting the con action agreeu upon by the conference committee and embodied sent of Congress to the Highway Department of the State of in the accompanying conference report as to said amendment, Tennes ee to construct, maintain, and operate a toll bridge namely: across the Tennessee River, on the Jasper-Chattanooga road in As the bill passed the House it was in the usual form for Marion· County, Tenn.," submit the following statement in ex granting authority to Stutes to con truct a bridge and author planation of the effect of the action agreed upon by the con ized the State of Tenne ee to collect tolls and apply the pro ference committee and embodied in the accompanying confer ceed of the tolls to the maintenance, operation, and repair of ence report as to said amendment, namely; the bridge and to reate a sinking fund ·ufficient to amortize As the bill passed the House it was in the usuul form for the cost of tlie bridge, and that thereafter the bridge should be granting authority to States to construct a bridge, and author made free. ized the State of Tenne ee to collect tolls and apply the pro The Senate amended the bill so as to make the toll provisions ceeds of the tolls to the maintenance, operation, and repair of conform to an act of the Tennessee Legislature which authorized the bridge, and to create a sinking fund sufficient to amortize the State highway commi sion to construct the bridge. The act the cost of the bridge, and that thereafter the bridge should of the Tennef::see Legislature authorizing the construction of the be made free. bridge in question grouped certain bridges and authorized the The Senate amended the bill so as to make the toll provi State highway cornmi ~ sion to issue bonds and construct two or sions conform to an act of the Tennessee Legi lature which more bridges and collect tolls thereon until all of the bonds authorized the State highway commission to construct the 1928 CONGRESBION AL RECORD-HOUSE 5887: bridge. The act of the Tennessee Legislature authorizing the the cost of the bridge, and that thereafter the bridge should be con ·truction of the bridge in question grouped certain bridges made free. and authorized the State highway commission to issue bonds The Senate amended the bill so as to make the toll provisions and construct two or more bridges and collect tolls thereon conform to an act of the Tennessee Legislature which author· until all of the bonds issued for the construction of all the ized the State highway commission to construct the bridge. bridge • were paid for and thereafter make them free. This pr() The act of the Tennessee Legislature authorizing the consh·uc· vision was not in harmony with the policy heretofore followed tion of the bridge in question grouped certain bridges and au· by the House and the Senate in granting franchises for the thoriz~d the St.ate highway commission to issue bonds and con construction of toll bridges. It has been the policy of Cong1·ess struct two or more bridges and collect tolls thereon until all heretofore to provide that when sufficient tolls have been col of the bonds issued for the construction of all the bridges lected from a bridge to pay for its cost of construction it should were paid for and thereafter make them free. This provision thereafter be made free. The act of the Tennessee Legislature was not in harmony with the policy heretofore followed by the provides that tolls may be collected on each of the bridges until House and the Senate in granting franchises for the construc all of them are paid for. tion of toll bridges. It has been the policy of Congress hereto· The managers on the part of the House agreed to recede fore to provide that when sufficient tolls have been collected from its disagreement to the amendment of the Senate and from a bridge to pay for its cost of construction it should there agree to the same with an amendment. The amendment agreed after be made free. The act of the Tennessee Legislature pro· upon by the managers on the part of the House and the vides that tolls may be collected on each of the bridges until Senate provides that the State of Tennessee may charge tolls all of them are paid for. for the use of the bridges authorized by the acts of the Tennes The managers on the part of the House agreed to recede from see State Legislature and that the tolls may be applied to its disagreement to the amendment of the Senate and agree the payment of the cost of maintaining, operating, and repairing to the same with an amendment. The amendment agreed upon the bridges, and create a sinking fund sufficient to amortize by the managers on the part of the House and the Senate pro the bonds issued for the construction of all the bridges, and they vides that the State of Tennes-see ~ay charge tolls for the use of shall thereafter be made free. The effect of the amendment the bridges authorized by the acts of the Tennessee State agreed to is that these bridges may be constructed and amor Legislature and that the tolls may be applied to the payment tized in accordance with the acts of the Legislature of the of the cost of maintaining, operating, and repairing the bridges, State of Tennessee which provide for their construction. While and create a sinking fund sufficient to amortize the bonds issued this is a departure from the policy heretofore followed by Con for the construction of all the bridges, and they shall there gre in granting franchises for the construction of such bridges, after be made free. The effect of the amendment agreed to is it was thought advisable to consent to this departure in these that these bridges may be constructed and amortized in accord cases in order not to prevent the construction of the bridges. ance with the acts of the Legislature of the State of Tennessee The agreement was reached, however, upon the understanding which provide for their construction. While this is a departure that the action in these cases is not to be taken as a precedent from the policy heretofore followed by Congress in granting and that similar action will not be agreed to in other cases. franchises for the construction of such bridges, it was thought JAMES S. PARKER, advisable to consent to this departure in these cases in order E. E. DENISO~, not to prevent the construction of the bridges. The agreement TILMAN PARKS, was reached, however, upon the understanding that the action Manage'rs on tlw part ot tlw Hottse. in these cases is not to be taken as a precedent and that similar action will not be agreed to in other cases.

CO~FERENCE REPORT-KXOXVILLE ROAD BRIDGE JAMES S. PARKER, E. E. DENISON I The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the TILMAN PARKS, two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. Managers on the pa1't ot tllte House. 9197) granting the consent of Congress to the Highway Depart ment of the State of Tennessee to construct a bridge across CO:NFEREXCE REPORT--PARIS-DOVER ROAD BRIDGE the Tennessee River on the Knoxville-Maryville road in Knox County, Tenn., having met, after full and free conf.erence have The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the agreed to recommend and do recommend to their respective two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill Houses as follows : (H. R. 9198) granting the consent of Congress to the Highway That the Senate recede from its amendment numbered 1, and Department of the State of Tennessee to construct a bridge agree to the following amendment in lieu thereof: Page 2, line across the Tennessee River on the Paris-Dover road in Henry 9, strike out the last two words " sufficient to,, and strike out and Stewart Counties, Tenn., having met, after full and free all of line 10 and line 11 down to and including the word conference have agreed to recommend and do reGommend to " cost , and insert in lieu thereof the following : " which, to their respective Houses as follows: ; . gether with the sinking fund created from the tolls from other That the Senate !ecede from its ~m~ndment nu~berEld , 1 and bridges authorized by the law of the State of Tennessee which agree to the followmg amendment m lieu thereof: P-age 2, line provides for the construction of the bridge to be built under 9, strike out the last two words "sufficient to, ~<1 ' trike .Ol.lt all of line 10 and line 11 down to and including the ·w.ord this act, shall be sufficient to amortize the bonds issued under 1 such act,"; and the House agree to the same. " cost , and insert in lieu thereof the following : ' w.hlch, to gether with the sinking fund created from the tolls., f ·om .o~er JAMES S. PARKER, bridges authorized by the law of the State of Tennessee ~hi~h.. E. E. DENISON, provides for the construction of the bridge to be built under this TILMAN PARKS, act, shall be sufficient to amortize the bonds issued under such Managers on th.e part of the House. act " ; and the House agrees to the same. w. L. JONES, JAMES S. pARKER, PoRTER H. DALE, E. E. DENISON, MORRIS SHEPPARD, TILMAN PARKS, Managers on the pa1-t ot the Senate. Managers on the part of the House. w. L. JONES, STATEMENT PORTE:& H. DALE, The managers on the part of the House at the conference on l\IORRIS SHEPPARD, the disagreeing votes of the two H ouses on the amendment of Managers on. the part of the Senate. the Senate to the bill (H. R. 9197) granting the consent of .Congress to the Highway Department of the State of Tennes STATE:ME...~T see to construct a bridge across the Tennessee River on the The managers on the part of the House at the conference on Knoxville-Maryville road in Knox County, Tenn., submit the the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendment of following statement in explanation of the effect of the action the Senate to the bill (H. R. 9198) "An act granting the consent agreed upon by the conference committee and embodied in the of Congress to the Highway Department of the State of Ten accompanying conference report a::j to said amendment, namely : nes ee to construct a bridge across the Tennessee River on the As- the bill passed the House it was in the usual form for Paris-Dover road in Henry and Stewart Counties, Tenn.," sub granting authority to States to con truct a blidge and author· mit the following statement in explanation of the effect of the ized the State of Tennessee to collect tolls and apply the pro action agreed upon by the conference committee and embodied ceeds of the tolls to the maintenance, operation, and repair in the accompanying conference report as to said amendment. of the bridge and to create a sinking fund sufficient to amortize namely: 5888 CO GRESSION ...L\.L RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 As the bill passed the House it was in the usual form for Dove.r-Clu1·ksville road in Stewart County, Tenn.," submit the granting authority to States to construct a bridge, and author following statement in explanation of the effect of the action ized the State of Tennessee t01 collect tolls and apply the pro agreed upon by the conference committee and embodied in the c eds of the tolls to the maintenance, operation, and repair accompanying conference report as to said amendment, namely: . of the bridge and to create a sinking fund sufficient to amortize As the bill passed the House it was in the usual form fot the cost of the bridge, and that thereafter the bridge should be granting authority to States to construct a bridge, and author- _ made free. ized the State of Tenne8~ee to collect tolls and apply the pro The Senate amended the bill so as to make the toll provisions ceeds of the toll$ to the maintenance, operation, and repair of conform to an act of the Tennessee Legislature. which author~ the bridge and to create a sinking fund sufficient to amortize ized the State highway eo1lllllission to construct the blidge. the cost of the bridge, and that thereafter the bridge should be The act of the Tennessee Legislature authorizing the constr'llc made free. tion of the bridge in question, grouped certain bridges, and au The Senate amended the bill so as to make the toll provisions thorized the State highway commission to issue bonds and con conform to an act of the Tennessee Legislature which authorized struct two or more bridge and collect tolls thereon until all of the State highway commission to construct the biidge. The act . the bonds i sued for the construction of all the bridges were of the Tennessee Legislature authorizing the construction of paid for and thffi:eafter· make them free. This provision was the briclge in question, gr·ouped certain bridges and authorized not in harmony with the policy heretofore followed by the the State highway commission to is ue bonds and construct two House and the Senate in granting franchises for the construction or more bridges and collect tolls thereon until all of the bondS of toll bridges. It ha"' been the policy of Congress heretofore to issued for the construction of all the bridges were paid for and provide that when sufficient tolls have been collected from a thereafter make them freeL This provision was not in harmony bridge to pay for its cost of construction it should thereafter be with the policy heretofore followed by the House and the Sen made free. The act of the Tennessee Legislature provides that ate in granting franchise. for the construction of toll bridges. .tolls may be collected on each of the bridges until all of them It has been the policy of Congress heretofore to provide that are paid for. when sufficient tolls have been collected from a bridge to pay The managers on the part of the House agreed to recede from for it& cost of construction it should thereafter be made free. its disagreement to the amendment of the Senate and agree to The act of the Tennessee Legislatm·e provides that tolls may be the same with an amendment. The- amendment agreed upon by collected on each of the bridges until all of them are paid for. the managers on the part of the House and the Senate provides The managers on the part of the House agreed to recede from that the State of Tenne see may charge tolls for the use of the its disagreement to the amendment of the Senate and agree to bridges authprized by the acts of the Tennes ee State Legisla the same with an amendment. The amendment agreed upon ture and that the tolls may be applied to the payment of the by the managers on the part of the House and the Senate pro co t of maintaining, operating, and repairing the bridges, and vides that the State of Tennessee may charge tolls for the use . creat~ a sinking fund sufficient to. amortize the bonds issued for of the bridges. authorized by the act of the Tennessee State the construction of aU the bridges, and they shall thereafter be Legislature and that the tolls may be applied to the payment made free. The effect of the amendment agre-ed to is that the e of the cost of maintaining, OI era ting, and repairing the bridge. , · bridges may be constructed and amortized in accordance with and create a sinking fund sufficient to amortize the bonds i ned the acts of the Legislature of the State of Tennessee, which for the construction of all the bridges, and they shall thereafter provide fo1· their construction. While this is a departure from be made free. The effect of tbe amendment agreed to is that the policy heretofore followed by" Congress in g1·anting fran· these bridges may be constructed and amortized in accordance chi es for the construction of such bridge , it was thought ad, with the acts of the Legislature of tbe State of Tennessee which visable to consent to this departure in these case in order not provide for their construction. ·while this is a depnrture from to prevent the construction of the bridges. The agreement was the policy heretofore follo,·ved by Congress in granting fran reached, however, upon the understanding that the action in cMses for the construction of such bridges, it was thought ad these cases is not to be taken as a precedent and that similar visable to consent tO" this departure in these cases in order not action will not be agreed to in other cases. · to prevent the construction of the blidge . The agreement was · JAMES S. PARKER, reached, however, upon the understanding that the action in E. E. DENISON, these cases is not t() be taken as a precedent and that similar TILM.A.L'i p .ARKS, action will not be agreed to in other cases. Mana.gers 0'11 the part of the House. JAM IDS S. P .ARKERJ E. E. DENISON, CONFEBEN'CE REPOB.T--OOVER-CLA.RKSVILLE ROAD BRIDGE TILMAN P.An.Ks, Managers on the pm·t of tlw House. The committee of conference on the dL~greeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. The SP~R pro tempore. Without objection, the con- . 9).~9) graJ?:~~ . the consent of Congress to the Hi~hway Depart fereuce reports will be agreed to. tft1ent f'th~ State of Tennessee to construct a bndge across the There was no objection. Ou.mbedaitd River on the Dover-Clark ville road in Stewart dn the part of the Smwte. BYR:xs, 1\fr. CARss, Mr. EnwARDS, Mr. BoYLAN, and Mr. REED of AI·kan as. STA '.I'KMENT CALENDAR WED~ESDA Y The managers on the part of the House at the conference oo The SPEAKER pro tempore. This jg Calendar Wednesday. the disagreeing votes of tbe two Houses on the amendment of Tbe Olerk will call tbe committe(>S. the Senate to the bill (H. R. 9100) "An act granting1the consent of The Clerk called the Committe on Foreign Affairs. Congress to the Highway Department of tbe State of Tennessee Mr. CRAMTON. Mr. Speake1·, a parliamentary inquiry. t(} eonstrnct a bridge across the Cumberland River on the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state iJ;.. 1928 CONGR.ESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE 5889 1\Ir. CRAMTON. I am wondering how we are to know just man of the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the what committee is on call. The Committees on Rivers and Union, reported that that committee had had under considera Harbor··. the 1\Ierchant l\larine and Fisheries, and Agriculture tion the bill S. 2549 and had directed him to report the same precede the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By unanimous con back with a recommendation that the bill do pass. sent last week tile Foreign Affairs Committee was given a The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the third day. Was consent given that they should have two days? reading of the bill. The SPEAKER pro tempore. It was the understanding that The bill was ordered to be read a third time, was read the the Foreign Affairs Committee would simply be moved forward third time, and passed. to go ahead of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. The A motion· by Mr. PoRTER to reconsider the vote whereby the other committees were not disturbed at all by the agreement. bill was passed was laid on the table. 1\Ir. CRA1\1TO~. So that after to-day when the Committee Mr. PORTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the on Foreign Affairs has occupied the day, the call will then RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter of revert back to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and then the Secreta1·y of State, which read as follows : proeeed in order? To the Congress of the United States: The SPEAKER pro tempore. That is correct and that was I transmit herewith a report concerning the claims against the the order made by unanimous consent some days ago. United States presented by the German Government on behalf of the Mr. CRAMTON. I want to make a suggestion now, if I heirs or representatives of the German nationals, John .Adolf, Hermann may, l\1r. Speaker. I believe the l\1embers of the House are Pegel, Franz Lipfert, Albert Wittenburg, Karl Behr, and Hans Dech entitled to know when these committees are going to be reached. antsreiter, for various amounts aggregating $461.59, which have been I was unfortunately affected a week ago when I was absent on covered into the general fund of the Treasury Department as required official busine · · and a bill was called up by this committee to by the. statutes relating to the disposition of effects and unpaid wages which I was known to be opposed. The committe was taken up of deceased seamen on American vessels, it appearing that each of the out of order. I believe hereafter I shall object to any transfer German nationals referred to lost his life while in the status of seaman of position on this calendar. If committees have not any in the American merchant marine. The report requests that the Con-· bu iuess when tllE'Y are called, let them be pas ·ed over and give gress be asked to authorize the appropriation of the sum necessary to other committees an opportunity. pay these claims. PAYMEXT TO THE GERM.AX GOVERNMENT I recommend that, in order to effect a settlement of these claims in .accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of State, the Mr. PORTER. l\Ir. Speaker, I call up the bill (S. 2549) pro Congress authorize an appropriation of the sum of $461.59. viding for payment to the German Government of $461.59 in behalf of the heir or representatives of German nationals, CALVIN COOLIDGE. THE WHITE HOUSE, December 9~ 1.!r26. John Adolf, Hermann Pegel, Franz Lipfert, Albert Wittenburg, • Karl Behr, and Hans Dechantsreiter, and I ask unanimous con sent that this bill may be considered in the House as in Com The PRIISIDENT : mittee of the Wllole. I have the honor to submit, with a view U> its transmission to the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Tlle gentleman from Pennsyl Congress, the following report ~nd recommendation respecting the vania asks unanimous consent that this bill S. 2549 may be con claims presented by the German Government on behalf of the heirs sidered in the Bouse as in Committee of the Whole. Is there or representatives of the German nationals hereinafter named for the objection? various amounts, aggregating $461.59, which have been covered into 1\Ir. CRAMTOX. l\lr. Speaker, I object. the general fund of the Treasury Department as required by the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objection is heard. The House statutes relating to the di. position of effects and unpaid wages of automatically resolves into Committee of the Whole House deceased seamen on American vessels. on the state of the Union. The essential facts concerning these claims are substantially as fol Accordingly the House resolved itself into Committee of the lows: Whole House on the state of the Union for the consideration of During the years from 1914 to 1917 the German nationals referred the bill ( S. 2549) providing for payment to the German Gov to died intestate within the jurisdiction of the United States, leaving ernment of $461.59 in behalf of the heirs or representatives of their estates to German nationals abroad. The following is a list of the German nationals, John Adolf, Hermann Pegel, Franz Lip such estates which were claimed by the heirs after the reestablishment fert, Albert ·wittenburg, Karl Behr, and Hans Dechantsreiter, of peace between the United States and Germany: with Mr. CRAMTON in the chair. "1. John Adolf, a seaman on the American ship Henry Wilson, was The Clerk read the bill, as follows : drowned on July 3, 1914, in the Kirchak River, Alaska, leaving an estate in the amount of $218.22. This sum was turned over to the Be it enacted, eta., That there is hereby authorized to be paid to the Treasury Department of the United States by the United Stutes district German Government, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise court in San Francisco on February 6, 1922. appropriated, the um of $461.59 for the heirs or representatives of the "2. Harmann Pegel, a ship's steward, died in the Ancon Hospital, German nationals, John Adolf, Hermann Pegel, Franz Lipfert, Albe1·t .Ancon, Canal Zone, on December 25, 1915, leaving an estate in the Wittenburg, Karl Behr, and Hans Dechantsreiter, who lost their lives amount of $68.36. while in the statu of seamen in the American merchant marine; the "3. Franz Lipfert, a seaman, died on the .Amercian steamer Nm·t7ten• above sum .of $461.59 having been covered into the general fund of the Pacific on June 30, 1916, leaving an estate in the amount of $'25.94. Treasury Department as required by the statutes relating to the dis "4. Albert Wittenburg, a sailor, died at Naknek, Alaska, on June posiUon of effect · and unpaid wages of deceased seamen on the 26, 1916, leaving an estate in the amount of $106.82. American vessel . " The sums referred to under Nos. 2, 3, and 4, were likewise turned Mr. PORTER Mr. Chairman, this bill authorizes the pay over to the United States Treasury Department on March 13, 1922. ment of $461.59 to the personal representatives of citizens of " 5. Karl Behr, a seaman on the schooner Hugh de Payens, was Germany. These men were in our service prior to the war as drowned in San Juan Harbor in February, 1917, leaving an estate in seamen on American hip . The sum of $461.59 represents the amount of $25.75, which was turned over to the United Stutes their wages which were due them at the time of death. The Treasury Department by the United States district court in .San Juan. money has been passed into the United States Treasury and this "6. Hans Dechantsreiter, a sailor on the steamship Illiflois, was bill authorizes the payment of it to their respective heirs. killed by an accident on board that boat, May 29, 1916, leaving a net l\lr. CHINDBLOl\L Will the gentleman yield? estate in the amount of $16.50, which was turned over to the United Mr. PORTER. I will. States Treasury Department by the United States District Court for Mr. CHINDBLOM. I presume the real opposition to the bill the Southern District of New York." will not be apparent under the present organization of the com The essential requirements of the statutes with respect to the dispo mittee. Does the gentleman know of any opposition to the bill? sition of the effects and unpaid wages of a deceased seaman on an Mr. PORTER. I do not. I mo'e that the committee do now American vessel are that they be delivered by the master or owner of rise. the vessel to a United States shipping commissioner to be turned over The CBAIRl\l.AN. The mot:ion that the committee rise is not to the United States court for the judicial district in which the home in order. If general debate has been concluded the Clerk will port or terminal port of the vessel is located and that the court shall report the bill for amendment. hold such funds for a period of six:. years, subject to legal claims that The Clerk read the bill for amendment. may be presented and established against the same, and that the bal Mr. PORTER. 1\lr. Chairman, I move that the committee do ance of such funds not required to pay claims substantiated before the now rise and report the bill to the House ~;th a favorable court shall be deposited by the court and covered into the general fund recommendation. of the Treasury of the United States. (Sees. 4538, 4539, 4541, 4542, The motion was agreed to. 4543, 4544, and 4545, Revised Statutes, the act of Mar. 3, 1897, 29 Accordingly the committee rose; and Mr. TILsoN having re Stat. 689, and sees. 289 to 291 of the Judicial Code, 36 Stat. 1167. sumed the chair as Speaker pro tempore, Mr. CRAMTON', Chair- Also 1 Comp. Gen. 557.) 5890 CONGRESSION .A.L RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 The authorized procedure appears to have been followed with respect sound of a horn which seemed to be at a distance from them of not to the wages and proceeds of effects of the seaman above named and more than 8 or 9 feet. Simeon Bayliss threw himself on the bank, the claims under con ideration were not presented to the court within which was to the right side of the road. Reginald Myrle, however, being the period of su years after the moneys bad been received by the said on the left side of the coach, did not have an opportunity to leave it. court. Accordingly, the said moneys became Government moneys and Almost immediately the coach was struck by an automobile truck be were deposited and covered into the general fund as above stated as longing to the United States Army. The truck was driven by Pvt. miscellaneous receipts and can be withdrawn therefrom only in conse Roscoe Gower, motor transport company. Witnesses te tifi.ed that the quence of an appropriation made by the Congress. truck was driven at a high speed. As a result of the collision the As a summary of the essential facts regarding these claims is em coach was pushed along the road for a distance of approximately 75 bodied in this communication, it is deemed unnecessary to accompany feet and Mr. Myrie was thrown therefrom and under the truck, which it with copies of the correspondence in the case. All or any part of severed his left leg and mashed other parts of his body. Mr. Myrie the correspondence will, of course, be furnished should the Congress was assisted immediately by the people who gathered around the scene so desire. of the accident and as soon as possible he was taken to the Colon In view of the difficulties of communicating with Germany prior to Hospital, where he received medical attention. Mr. Myrie died, how· the entrance of the United States into the war and immediately after ever, at about 10 o'clock p. m. the same day as a result of the injuries the ces ation of hostilities, and in view of the intervening period of received by him in the collision. hostilitie , it would appear equitable to allow the claimants in these A board of officers appointed to determine the responsibility for the cases to recover the funds turned over to the Treasury Department. accident reached the following finding of facts and made the following It will be noted from the inclosed copy of a communication from recommendations: the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was "That the accident was avoidable; that the chauft'er, Pvt. Roscoe referred, that the proposed action is not inconsistent with the financial Gower, motor transport company, was under the influence of liquor; program of the Government. that the careless driving and intoxicated condition of Private Gower I have the honor to recommend that the Congress be requested· to were entirely re,lJonsible for the accident. authorize the appropriation of the sum of $461.59 in payment of these " In connection with claim for compensation for the death of Regi claims. nald Ethelbert Myrie this board is not empowered either under the Respectfully submitted. one hundred and fifth article of war or General Orders, No. 37, FRANK B. KELLOGG. War Department, 1920, to recommend any compensation for death of DEPARTME~T OF STATE, personal injuries. The board, however, finds that the death of Reginald Washington, October !, 19U. Ethelbert Myrie was caused directly by the careless driving of Pvt. BEGINALD ETHELBERT :M:YRIE Roscoe Gower, Quartermaster Corp . It is believed the only redre. s is a civil suit again t Private Gower, who is now serving a sentence R. Mr. PORTER. 1\Ir. Speaker, I call up the bill (H. 9569) of 18 months in the Gamboa Penitentiary for the killing of Reginald authorizing the payment of an indemnity to the British Govern Ethelbert Myrie. At the present time Private Gower bas no accrued ment on account of the death of Reginald Ethelbert Myrie, pay due him. • in alleged to have been killed the Panama Canal Zone on Feb "It is believed If any compensation were to be granted for the death ruary 5, 1921, by a United States Arm.Y mo~r truck. I ask of Reginald Ethelbert Myrie, that $1,000 United States currency would unanimous consent that the bill be considered m the House as be just and sufficient amount. in Committee of the Whole. "At the time of the accident Private Gower was an agent of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the re-. United States Government, as the truck he drove was owned by the que t of the gentleman from Pennoylvania? United States Government and operated for the military service of There was no objection. The Clerk read the bill, as follows : the United States." By a note dated November 2, 1921, the ambassador of Great Britain Be it enacted, etc.~ That the Secretary of the Treasury be, ana he at this Capital brought the claim to the attention of the Department is hereby, directed to pay to the British Government, as an act of of State. The amba sador stated that the claim was referred by the grace and without reference to the question of liability therefor, the minister of Great Britain at Panama to the Governor of the Canal sum of $1,000 as full indemnity for the death of Reginald Ethelbert Zone and that in due cour e it was referred to the War Department, Uyrie, a British subject, alleged to have been killed in the Panama which replied that they had no appropriation n:om which the clrum Canal Zone on February 5, 1921, by a United States Army truck could be paid and that the only procedure to obtain payment therefor driven by a private in the Motor Transport Corps, as set forth in the would be through a special act of Congress. The matter has since message of the President of January 4, 1928, printed as Senate Do~ been the subject of several exchanges of eommtmications between this ment No. 32, Seventieth Congress, first session; and there is hereby department, the War Department, and the Briti h Embassy, as a authoiized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not result of which the following conclo.·ions have been reached: otherwise appropriated, a sufficient sum to carry out the purpose of (1) That the death of Mr. Reginald Ethelbert :llyrie was caused by this act. the careless driving and intoxicated condition of Private Gower, The bill wa ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, operating the truck tor the militar y service of the United States. was read the third time, and passed. (2) That under the circum tances which have been related, it would A. motion by Mr. PoRTER to 1·econsider the vote whereby the be proper, as an act of grace and without reference to the question bill was passed was laid on the table. of the legal liability of the United States, to pay to the father of the ]..fr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the deceased an indemnity in the sum of $1,000. It appears from evidence REOORD by printing the message of the President and letter of furnished by the British Embassy that the deceased, who was unmar the Secretary of State, which read as follows : rled, had been contributing to his father's support for a number of To the Congress of the Unitecl States: years at the rate of approximately $10 per month. 1 transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State regarding Accordingly, I have the honor to r ecommend, with the concurrence the claim presented by the Government of Great Britain on behalf of of the Secretary of War, that the Congress be requested to authorize Mr. David S. Myrie for compensation on account of the death of his the necessary appropriation. son, Reginald Ethelbert My..rie, in the Panama Canal Zone on February As a summary of the essential facts regarding the accident and 5, 1921. I recommend that the · Congress as an act of grace, and with claim is embodied in this communication, it is deemed unne.ce sary out reference to the legal liability of the United States in the premises, to accompany it with copies of the cmTespondence in the case. All or authorize the appropriation of a sufficient amount to effect a settlement any part of the COlTespondence will, of course, be furnished should <>f this claim in accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary the Congress so desire. of State. This claim was submitted to the Sixty-ninth Congress, first ses ion, CALVI:<; COOLIDGE. in your message dated April 5, 1926. A copy of Senate Document No. THE WHIT8 HOUSE, JantUI-1'1/ -'~ 19t8. 91, containing this message, is inc1o ed. It will be noted from the inclosed copy of a communication from The PRESIDEi\"T : the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was re· I have the honor to submit, with a view to its transmission to the ferred, that the proposed action is not inconsistent with the financial Congress, the following report and recommendation respecting tbe program of the President. claim pre ~ ented by the Government of Great Britain on behalf of Mr. Respectfully submitted. Dand s. Myrie for compensation on account of the deatll of his son, FRANK B. KELLOGG. Reginald Ethelbert Alyrie, in the Panama Canal Zone. DEPARTM:E-:-!T OF STATE, Tbe essential facts concerning this claim are admitted and are sub WashitLgton, December rt, 192'1. stantially as follows = ;REIMBURSEMENT TO GREAT BRITAIN FOR CERTAIN SUMS EXP~DED On February 5, 1921, at about 7.20 o'clock p. m., Simeon Bayliss and BY THE REV. F. NORTH Reginald Ethelbert Myrie were riding in a coach on the Mount Hope Road, Panama Canal ZOne. The coach was proceeding p·adually on the Mr. PORTER. l\Ir. Speaker, I call up the bill (H. R. 12179)' right side of the road. Suddenly the occupants of the coach heard tlle to provide for the reimi?ursem~J!t 9f :the ~v~nment .o~ Great i928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5891 Britain on account of certain sums expended by the British difficulty and had to fix upon an arbitrary rate of exchange which in chaplain in 1\Ioscow, the Rev. F. North, for the relief of Ameri their opinion was equitable and just. . can nationals in Russia in 1920, and I ask unanimous consent His Britannic Majesty's Government has recently suggested to this that the bill be considered in the House as in Committee of Government that an equitable and just value of the sum expended for the ·whole. the relief of American nationals would be £3,988. This amount is The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the re obtained by applying the average rate of exchange f.rom May, 1919, quest of the gentleman from Pennsylvania? to May, 1920, for the first million rubles expended by the Reverend Mr. DYER. Reserving the right to object, I wish to ask the North himself; that is, at the rate of 760 rubles to the pound ster gentleman from Pennsylvania whether or not any of the bills ling and for the 5,000,000 rubles turned over by Reverend North he has here to reimburse citizens of other countries have to upon his departure from Russia, at the .rate of e.xchange for rubles do with the citizens of the Republic of China? in 1\farch, 1920; that is, 1,870 rubles to the pound sterling, giving a Mr. PORTER. There are two or three bills of that char· total value of £3,988. It is the view of this department that the acter. I may say in reply that all of these claim bills approve Government, recognizing the assistance rendered by the subject of a the 8ettlements which the proper officers of the Government friendly foreign government in a time of emergency, should promptly have made with the citizens of foreign countries. pay the amount requested, and I have the honor to recommend that :Mr. O'CONNELL. And it has the approval of the Budget? the Congress be requested to authorize the appropriation of $19,407.60, Mr. PORTER. Yes. . being the equivalent of the sum £3,988, at par of exchange, in payment The Clerk read the bill, as follows : of the claim of His Britannic Majesty's Government as an act ot grace and without refei·ence to the question of the legal liability of the B e it ~nacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is United States. hereby, directed to pay to the Government of Great Britain, as a. The summary of the essential facts in the case being embodied in this matter of grace and without reference to the question of legal liability communication, it is deemed unnecessary to accompany it with copies therefor, the sum of $19,407.60, being the equivalent of the sum of of the correspondence in the case. All or any part of that correspond £3,988, at par exchange, as reimbursement on account of certain sums ence will be furnished should you or the Congress so desire. expended by the British chaplain in Moscow, the Rev. F. North, for It will be observed from the inclosed communication from the the relief of American nationals in Russia in, 1920, as set forth in the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was referred. message of the President of February 27, 1928, printed as Senate Doc· that the proposed action is not in conflict with the financial program ument No. 66, Seventieth Congress, first session; and there is hereby of the President. authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not Respecfully submitted. otherwise appropriated, a sum sufficient to carry out the purpose ot FRANK B. KELLOGG. this act. CLAIMS OF THE GOVEB.~MENT OF CHINA The bill was ordered to be engTossed and read a third time, was read the third time, and passed. Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint Resolu A motion by Mr. PoRTER to reconsider the vote whereby the tion 145 to provide for· the payment of an indemnity to the bill was passed was laid on the table. Chinese Government for the death of Chang Lin and Tong Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in Huan Yah, alleged to have been killed by members of the armed the RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter forces of the United States, and I ask unanimous consent to of the Secretary of State, which read as follows: consider the joi:bt resolution in the House as in Committee of the Whole. To the Oo11gress. of the United States: The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the re- I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State in relation quest of the gentleman from Pennsylvania? to a claim prese.nted by His Britannic Majesty's Government for the There was no objection. payment of a sum of money turned over to Ameri.can citizens in Russia The Clerk read the joint resolution, as follows : by the British subject, the Rev. Mr. North, upon his departure from Moscow, and I recommend that an appropriation be ·authorized to Resolved, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby, effect a settlement of this claim in accordance with the recommendation directed to pay to the Chinese Government, as a matter of grace and of the Secretary of State. without reference to the question of liability therefor, t:be sum of CALVIN COOLIDGE. $1,000 as full indemnity for the death of Chang Lin, alleged to have THEl WHITE Hou s:m. been killed by a member of the United States Infantry at Leichuan, China, on May 4, 1923, the sum to be for the benefit of the family of.

FEBRUARY 251 1928. said Chang Lin, and the sum of $100 as fuH indemnity for the death ot The P.RESIDE:XT : Tong Huan Yah, alleged to have been killed by members of the crew vf I have the honor to bring to your attention the request made by the U. S. S. El{Jano while engaged in target practice at Hankow, China, His Britannic Majesty's Government for reimbursement on account of on March 26, 1923, the sum to be for the benefit of the father of said certain sums expended by the British chaplain in Moscow, the Rev. Tong Huan Yah, as set forth in the message of the President of Jann F. North, for the relief of American nationals in Russia in 1920. ary 4, 1928, printed as Senate Document No. 34, Seventieth Congress, The facts of the case may be briefly stated ru; follows : In March or first session; and there is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of April, 1920, the Rev. F. North bort·ow~d from such sources as he any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, a sufficient sum found it possible to obtain them sums of money for the purpose of to carry out the purpose of this act. providing relief to destitute members of the British colony in Moscow. The House joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and It is stated by the British foreign office that the receipts given by read the third time, was read the third time, and passed. the Rev. F. North stipulated that the sums were to be repaid in A motion by Mr. PoRTE& to reconsider was laid on the table. ,pounds sterling at the British foreign office, London, "at the best Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the possible rate of t>xchange to guarantee them against loss." It further RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter of appears that the Rev. F. North assisted not only British nationals, but the Secretary of State, which 1·_ead as follows: also French, Swedish, Dutch, and Danish nationals, as well as expend ing about a million rubles for the relief of Americans in Russia~ To the Oongress of the United States: After having expended these rubles for American relief, and at the I transmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State requesting time of his departure from Russia, he turned over a sum of 5,000,000 the submission anew to the present Congress of two claims presented rubles to the American association in Moscow for the use of Americans by the Government of China against the Government of the United then in Russia. States arising out of the negligent or unlawful act.s in China of persons It appears that the money furnished to destitute British subjects in connected with the military and naval forces of the United States, and Russia, as well as the sums expended for French, Swedish, Dutch, and I recommend that as an act of grace and without reference to the ques Dani h nationals, and the sums used for the relief of Americans, have tion of the legal liability of the United States an appropriation in the been repaid by His Britannic Majesty's Government and that the amount of $1,100 be made to effect settlement of these two claims, in French, Swedish, Dutch, and Danish Governments have repaid their accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of State. proportionate share to His Britannic Majesty's Government. The sum CAL vm Coor.tnoE. expended for the relief of American nationals has not as yet been paid, THE WHITE HOUSE~ Januat·y lj, 1928. and therefore His Britannic Majesty's Government is requesting this Government to pay to it the proportionate share of money which was The PRESIDENT : used for the benefit of Americans in Russia. On April 22, 1924, the Secretary of State reported at length to you It has been impossible to ascertain the exact exchange value of the concerning two claims presented by the Government of China against rubles expended or turned over to Americans by Mr. North for Ameri the United States arising out of the negligent and unlawful acts in can relief in Russia. The estimates of the exchange value have varied China of persons connected with the military and na•al forces of the within a vet·y ertensi>e margin. In repa-ying these fnnds His Britan United States, and r ecomm~nded to the Congress that an appropriation nic Majesty's Go>ernment found themselyes confronted with the same in the amount of $1,100 be made to effect settlement of these claims 5892 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 (being $1,000 for the benefit of the family of Chang Lin, who was necessary to pay the indemnity as suggested by the Acting Sec1·ctary killed by a member of the Fifteenth United States Infant:L•y at Leichuan, of the Navy. China, on May 4, 1923, and 100 to tl1e father of Tong Huan Yah, This report was transmitted by you to the Congress on May 1, 1924, alleged to haYe been killed by members of the crew of the U. S. S. with the recommendation that in order to effect a settlement of the Elcano while engaged in target practice at Hankow, China, on March claim in accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of State, 26, 1923). Thi · report was transmitted by you to the Congress on the Congress, as an act of grace, and without reference to the legal April 23, 1924, with the recommendation that in order to effect a settle liability of the United States in the premises, authorize an appropria ment of these claims in accordance with the recommendation of the tion in the sum of 2,000. Your recommendation and the report ot Secretary of State the Congre s, as an act of grace, and without refer the Secretary of State mentioned, with its accompanying papers, com· ence to the legal liability of the United States in the premises, authorize prise Senate Document No. 102, Sixty-eighth Congress, fir t session. an appropriation in the sum of $1,100. Your recommendation and the The claim was submitted anew to the Sixty-ninth Congress and is set report of the Secretary of State mentioned comprise Senate Document out in Senate Document No. 84, first session of that Congress, copies No. 96, Sixty-eighth Congress, first session. of which are inclosed for your full information. The claim was submitted anew to the Sixty-ninth Congress and is set It appearing that final action was not taken on this matter by the out in Senate Document No. 204, second session of that Congress, copies Sixty-ninth Congress, I beg to suggest the submission of the matter of which are inclosed for your full information. anew to the consideration of the present Congress. It appearing that final action was not taken on this matter by the It will be observed from the inclosed communication from the Direc· Sixty-ninth Congress, I beg to suggest the submission of the matter anew tor of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was referred, that to the consideration of the present Congress. the proposed action is not inconsistent with the financial program of It will be observed from the inclosed communication from the Director the Government. of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was referred, that Respectfully submitted. the proposed action is not inconsistent with the financial program of FRANK B. KELLOGG. the Government. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Respectfully submitted. Washington, December 9, 19f!'f, FRANK B. KELLOGG. EDWIN TUCKER DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Waslzinuton, December 22, 19Z7. Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint Re olution 148, to provide for the payment of an indemnity to the British JUAN SORIANO Government to compensate the dependents of Edwin Tucker, a 1\lr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint Resolu British subject, alleged to have been killed by a United States tion 146, to provide for the payment of an indemnity to the Army ambulance in Colon, Panama, and ask unanimous con Dominican Republic for the death of Juan Soriano, who was sent that the re olution be considered in the House as in killed by the landing of an airplane belonging to the United Committee of the Whole. States Marine Corps, and I ask unanimous consent to consider The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Penn yl it in the House as in Committee of the Whole. vania calls up House .Joint Resolution 148, which is on the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the re- Union Calendar, and a ks unanimous con ent that it be con quest of the gentleman from Pennsylvania? sidered in the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is there There was no objection. objection? The Clerk read the joint resolution, as follows: There was no objection. Resolved~ etc., That the Secretary <>f the Treasury be, and be is The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the hereby, directed to pay to the Dominican Republic, as a matter of grace resolution. and without reference to the question of liability therefor, the sum of The Clerk read as follows: $2,000, as full indemnity for the death of Juan Soriano, a Dominican Resowed, eto., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and be is subject, who was killed by the landing of an airplane belonging to the hereby, directed to pay to the British Government, as a matter of United States Marine Corps on October 2, 1923, at Guerra, Dominican grace and without reference to the question of liability therefor, the Republic, as set forth in the message of the President of December 12, sum of $2,500 as full indemnity for the death of Edwin Tucker, a 1927, printed as Senate Document No. 13, Seventieth Congress, first British subject alleged to have been killed by a United States Army session ; and there is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any ambulance in Colon, Panama, on or about December 6, 1924, as set money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, a sufficient sum to forth in the message of the President of December 17, 1927, and carry out the purpose of this act. printed as Senate Document No. 20, Seventieth Congress, first session ; and there is h ereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in The Hour;>e joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, a sufficient sum to carry out read a third time, was read the third time, and passed. the purpose of this act. A motion by Mr. PoRTER to reconsider was laid on the table. Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on "the en RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter of grossment and third reading of the joint resolution. the Secretary of State, which read as follows : The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, was read the third time, and passed. To the Oongress of the United States: I transmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State requesting Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the the submission anew to the present Congress of the matter of a RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter of claim against the United States for the death on October 2, 1923, at the Secretary of State, which read as follows: Guerra, Dominican Republic, of Juan Soriano, a Dominican subject, To the Oongress of the United States: who was killed by the landing of an airplane belonging to the United I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State, con States Marine Corps, which formed the subject of a report made by the cerning a. claim against the United States, presented by the Govern• Secretary of State to me in March, 1926, and my message to the Con· ment of Great Britain for compensation to the relatives of Edwin gress dated March 22, 1926, which comprise Senate Document No. 84, Tucker, a British subject who was killed by a United States Army Sixty-ninth Congress, first session, copies of which are furnished for the ambulance in Colon, Panama, on or about December 6, 1924. The convenient information of the Congress. report requests that the recommendation as indicated therein be I renew my recommendation originally made, that in order to effect adopted and that the Congress authorize the appropriation of the a settlement of this claim, the Congress, as an act of grace, and with· sum necessary to compensate the claimants in this case. out reference to the legal liability of the United States in the premises, I recommend that in order to effect a settlement of the claim in authorize an appropriation in the sum of $2,000, and I bring the accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of State, the matter anew to the attention of the present Congress in the hope that Congress, as an act of grace and without reference to the legal the action recommended may receive favorable consideration. liability of the United States in the premises, authorize an appropria CALVIN CoOLIDGE. tion of $2,500. THE WHITE HOUSE, Decem,ber 1!, 1~1. CALVIN COOLIDGE. THE WHITE HOUSE, December 11, 19?:1. The PRESIDENT : On April 30, 1924, the Secretary of State reported at length to you The PRESIDENT : concerning a claim against the United States for the death on October I have the honor to submit, with a view to its transmission to the 2, 1923, at Guerra, Dominican Republic, of Juan Soriano, a Dominican Congress, the following report and recommendation r especting the subject, who was killed by the landing of an airplane belonging to the claim presented by the Government of Great Britain for compensation United States Marine Corps, and requested that the recommendation to the relatives of Edwin Tucker, a British subject who was killed -of the Acting Secretary of the Navy, as indicated in the report, be by a United States Army ambulance in Colon. Panama, on or about adopted, and that the Congress authorize the appropriation of the sum Deeember 6, 1924. 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5893. The essential facts concerning the death ot Edwin Tucker are ad liability of the United States, the sum $2,500 to compensate the de mitted and are substantially as follows: pendent relatives of Edwin Tucker. The cbarg(; d'affaires ad interim of Great Britain at this capital. in A.s a summary of the essential facts regarding the accident and tile a note No. 1108, dated December 31, 1925, informed this department claim is embodied in this communication, it is deemed unnecessa1-y to that on December 6, 1924, an Army ambulance from France Field, accompany it with copies of the corresponden'it in this case. All or Canal Zone, operated by Pvt. Wilbert L. Scbwartz:flger, was engaged in any part of the correspondence will of course be furnished should th~ conveying an injured man from the military barracks at France Field Congress so desire. to the Canal Zone Hospital in Colon city, ran into the Lee Chong It will be noted from the inclosed copy of a communication from the Building at Bolivar and Ninth Streets, Colon, striking and killing Director of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was re Edwin Tucker, who, at the time the accident occlU'red, was standing ferred, that the proposed action is not inconsistent with the financial outside the drug store which is in that building. A copy of a medical program of the Government certificate issued by the physicians of Colon Hospital testifying to House Joint Resolution No. 355, Sixty-ninth Congress, authorizing an the cause of Edwin Tucker's death was inclosed. This report indicates appropriation -of $2,500 in payment of this claim, was passed by the that the death resulted from the injury received when Mr. Tucker was House of Representatives on February 28, 1927, and was pending in struck by the ambulance. the Senate when it adjourned on March 4, 1927. It was added that at the time of his death Edwin Tucker assisted Respectfully submitted. in maintaining and supporting his mother, 1\Irs. Eliza Tucker, and his FRANK B. KELLOGG. son, George Tucker, 11 years old, both of whom resided in St. ;Tames DEPARTMI1J:XT OF STATE, Parish, in the island of jamaica. A brother of the deceased, acting Washington, December 13, 1927. on behalf of himself and the dependent relatives aboYe mentioned, en deavored without success to obtain compensation from the military WILLIAM WISEMAN authorities of the Canal Zone. Accordingly the charg(; d'affaires ex· Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint R€'SOlution pressed the hope that the competent authorities of this Government 149, to authorize an appropriation for the compensation of would see their way in the intere ·ts of justice to accord suitable com William Wiseman, and I ask unanimous consent that the joint pensation to the mother .and son of the deceased, who have been resolution be considered in the House as in Committee of the deprived, through no fault of their own, of their principal means of Whole. support. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Pennsyl The matter was brought to the attention of the Secretary of War, vania calls up House Joint Resolution 149, which is on the and after some correspondence the Acting Secretary of War informed Union Calendar, and asks unanimous consent that it be con me on July 17, 1926, that the facts in the case as set forth in the note sidered in the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is there dated December 31, 1925, from the charge d'affaires ad interim of objection? Great Britain, were substantially correct. He added, however, that Mr. DYER. Mr. Speaker, reserving the light to object, it G. C. M. ambulance No. 73192, which was property of the United seems that it is quite easy for foreigners or their estates to States, was carrying an emergency patient injured at France Field, be paid compensation for injuries done them by the United Canal Zone, from the post hospital at that station to the hospital at States Government, but when it comes to our own citizens, who Colon. The ambulance was proceeding along Bolivar Street at a speed are killed by airplanes and other things, it is practically im of about 25 miles an hour; it was on the left side of the street, and possible to secure. any compensation for them or their depend that when at a point near Ninth Street, in maneuvering to avoid a ents. While this is not a matter upon which I would want to collision, it skidded to the curb on the right side of the street, over· base an objection to bills that are called up in this way, I take turned and killed Edwin Tucker, a colored civilian, who was at that this opportunity of calling the attention of the House and the time on the sidewalk. Congress to the injustice done to our own citizens in giving A board of officers, con>ened at France Field for the purpose- of preference to nationals of other countries in claims of this investigating the accident, reported in part as follows: · nature. "That Edwin Tucker (colored), a resident of Colon, Republic of Mr. MOORE of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman Panama, was accidentally killed by United States ambulance No. 73192. yield? "That the death of Mr. Edwin Tucker was due to no fault or negli· Mr. DYER. Yes. gence of his own. Mr. MOORE of Virginia. A Member of the House a few "That the driver of the United States ambulance No. 73192 (Private weeks ago had passed what was called the Underhill bill, in Schwartzfiger) was exceeding the speed limit when this accident order to facilitate the payment of claims of our own citizens occurred. against the Government. Has the gentleman any information " That an extenuating circumstance did exist when Private Schwartz· as to what prospect there is of the passage of that bill in the tiger was speeding, namely, he was carrying a seriously injured patient other body? to the Colon Hospital. That this accident was due to a vehicle turning Mr. DYER. I am sure that the gentleman knows that I in front of the ambulance without warning being given. have no knowledge, and I do not think anyone here has any " That United States ambulance was damaged to the extent of knowledge in respect to that. It is legislation, certainly, that approximately $600." ought to be enacted into law, in order to give to our own citi The Acting Secretary of War further tated that it is a well-estab zens an oppport and recommendation regarding two claims 21, 1925, which is printed in Senate Document No. 26, Sixty-ninth Con· presented by the Government of the Netherlands against the Govern gress, first session. ment of the United States for compensation for personal injuries It will be noted from the inclosed c<>mmunication from the Director of sustained by two Netherl:mds subjects, Arend Kamp and Francis Gort, the Budget, to whom the matter was referred, that the proposed action while the U. S. S. Oanibas was loading on May 1, 1919, at Rotterdam. is not in confiict with the financial program of this Government. 'Jille U. S. S. Oaniba.s on May 1, 1919, was owned by the Govern Respectfully submitted. ment of the United States, controlled by the United States Shipping FRANK B. KELLOGG. Board, manned by a Navy crew, and prior to the accident in question was operated for the account of th~ War Department. At the time of SUN JUI-GHI:N the accident, however, naval stores were being transferred to the Mr. PORTER. 1.\Ir. Speaker, I call up. House Joint Resolution U. S. S. Oanibas by means of a cargo net from the barge Joh-anna, 151, which provides for payment of the claim of the Government which was a Dutch vessel chartered by the United States Naval Port of China for compensation of :::;un Jui-chin for injuries resulting Office at Rotterdam. As one of the loads was being hoisted out of the from an assault on hin1· by a private in the United States hold of the Jolla11na by a windlass on the Oaniba.s, the Netherlands Marine Corps. I ask unanimous consent for its consideration subjects, Kamp and Gort, who were on board the Johanna, endeavored in the House as in Committee of the Whole. to prevent the load from interfering with a stovepipe on the Johanna. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Pennsyl The load was cleared from the stovepipe, when the rope parted and vania asks unanimous consent that the resolution be considerell the load fell on the two men, injuring both severely. in the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is there objection? The board of naval officers which convened on May 1, 1919, for the There was no objection. purpose of inve tigating the accident, rendered the following findinis: The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the joint "(1) Accident due to fall of loaded cargo net on Arend Kamp and resolution for amendment. Francis Gort through parting of fall. The Clerk read as follows : " ( 2) Parting of fall due to weakness in the fall, which might have Resol·vea, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and be i3 been inherent or could have developed during morning's operation. hereby, directed to pay to the Government of China, as a matter of "(3) Responsibility can not be placed on any particular person, grace and without reference to the question of liability therefor, a. inasmuch as the fall was apparently in good condition, from outside sum equivalent to $500 Mexican as full indemnity for injuries to Sun inspection, before this work started." Jui-chin resulting from an assault upon him in China by a private in Under date of May 6, 1920, the Solicitor of the Navy Department, the United States Marine Corps on June 11, 1923, as recommended in in a communication to the Secretary of the Navy, made the following the message of the President of December 17, 1927, printed as Senate statement: Document No. 23, Seventieth Congress, first session ; and there is "Wh.ile it is doubtful that either of the two men have a legal claim hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the against the United States, nevertheless it is believed that the doubts Treasury not otherwise appropriated, a sum sufficient to carry out the should be resolved in favor of the clainfants, and it is recommended purpose of this act. that the record be referred to the War Department with the request that the claimants each be paid the sum of $500 in full of all claims The joint re-solution was ordered to be engrossed and read a on account of the injuries sustained, including hospital charges and third time, was read the third time, and passed. medical attendance, under the provisions of an act to give indemnity 1\lr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in for damages caused by American forces abroad (Public, No. 133), ap the RECORD by priMing the message of the President and letter proved April 18, 1918." of the Secretary of State, which read as follows: In a letter dated May 21, 1920, addressed to Mr. Kamp, by the To the Congress of the Unite,d States: Uniteu States nayal staff representatives' office at London, Mr. Kamp I transmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State, respecting a was informed that advice had been received from the Navy Depart claim against the United States, presented by the Chinese Government ment at Washington that be would be paid the sum of $500 on account for compensation arising out of an assault in China on Mr. Sun Jui-cbin of the injuries sustained by him on May 1, 1919, which um was to on June 11, 1923, by a private in the Marine Corps, a member of the include hospital expenses and medical attention. · legation guard, with a request that the recommendations of the Secre Pursuant to the recommendation of the Solicitor for the Navy tary of State, as indicated therein, be adopted, and that the Congress Department, the A.cting Secretary of the :Xavy addressed a memorandum authorize the appropriation of the sum necessary to pay the indemnity. to the Secretary of War requesting that Kamp and Gort each be paid I recommend that, in order to effect a settlement of this claim in the sum of $500 in full of all claims arising out of their injuries accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of State, the under the provisions of the act approved April 18, 1918. Congress, as an act of grace, and without reference to the legal liability However, the ""ar Department, following a ruling of the Comp of the United States in the premises, authorize an appropriation in a troller of the Treasury Department, r endered December 14, 1920, sum equivalent to $500 Mexican. declined to pay the claims in question on the grounds that the injuries CALVIN COOLIDGE. suffered by the claimants were the consequence of their own negli THE WHITE IIOUSE, December 11, J.m. gence and were not caused by the negligence of persons composing the military and naval forces of the United States, and that the The PRESIDENT. injuries could not, therefore, be deemed to give rise to "damages On F ebruary 7, 1927, I reported at length to you concerning a claim caused by the American military forces " within any possible meaning present ed by the Government of China a gainst the United States a ris of section 1 of the act approved April 18, 1918. ing out of an a ssault in China on Mr. Sun Jui-chin on June 11, 1!)23, The Netherlands Government brought the claims to the attention by a private in the 1\iarine Corps, a member of the legation guard, and of the department in a note dated May 27, 1920, and has persistently requested that you recommend to the Congress that an appropriation in pressed the, matter since that date. The department referred the the amount of $500 Mexican be made to effect settlement of this claim. mat ter to both the War and Navy Departro()nts and inquired whether This report was transmitted by you to :the Congress on February 8, 5896 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4

1927, With the recommendation that in order to etrect a settlement of April 21, 1927, of which a copy is herewith Inclosed, from the Inter the claim in accordance with my x·ecommendation, the Congress, as an national Society for the Exploration of the Arctic Regions by Means o.t act of grace and without reference to the legal liability of the United the Airship, signed by its president, Mr. Fridtjof Nansen, concerning States in the premises, authorize an appropriation in the sum of f500 the plans of that organization for the establishment of geophysical Mexican. Your recommendation and my report mentioned comprise observations in the inner Arctic regions, toward the accomplishment ot House Report No. 2052, Sixty-ninth Congress, second session, a copy of which the 19 governments whose countries are represented in the which is inclosed for your fUll information. society have been requested to make an annual contribution for five It appearing that final action was not taken on thls recommendation years for required preparatory work, in accordance with a schedule by the Sixty-ninth Congress, I beg to suggest the submission of the mat which the society furnishes, and a copy of which is also inclosed. It ter anew to the consideration of the present Congress. will be observed that the annual contribution requested of the United It will be observed from the inclosed communication from the Director States is $300. of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was referred, that the The Secretary of State, being of the opinion that this project deserves proposed action is not inconsistent '\tith the financial program of the serious consideration as a scientific enterprise of great potential prac Govemment. tical value in several important fields, communicated copies of Mr. Respectfully submitted. Nansen's letter to the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of the FRANK B. KELLOGG. Navy, the Smithsonian Institution, the National Research Council, and DEPARTMENT OF STATE, the Carnegie Institution, for an expression of their views. Favorable Washington, December 15, tm. responses have been received from all. The Acting Secretary of Agriculture has replied that- INTER~.ATION.AL SOCIETY FOR THE EXPLORATION OF THE .A.RCTIO " The securing of mo-re or less permanent and continuous meteorologi REGIO~S BY MEANS OF THE AIBS.HlP cal and other observations from stations in the inner Arctic regions is l\Ir. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint Resolution regarded by this department as very desirable." 153 providing for the contribution of the United States to the The Secretary of the Navy has replied as follows: pla~s for the organization of the International Society for the " It appears that the object of the project is to bring about an Im Exploration of the Arctic Regions by Means of the Airship. I proved knowledge of the natural processes of the earth as an aid to ask unanimous consent for its consideration in the House as in weather forecasting in the future and also in the world's commerce and Committee of the Whole. traffic. This department is glad to express its approval of an undertak The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Pennsyl ing which, at the comparatively small cost set forth in the letter from vania asks unanimous con·sent for the consideration of this the president of the society, may lead to an improved knowledge of the resolution in the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is natural processes of the earth." there objection? The Acting Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution bas replied as There was no objection. follows: Mr. GAR~"'ER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman " The institution enthusiastically indorses the value of the proposi yield? tion. Hardly any conceivable research seems likely to add more of Mr. PORTER. Yes. value to the world's knowledge of the controlling elements of meteorol l\Ir. GARNER of Texas. Is this a. unanimous report from ogy than' this." the gentleman's committee? The National Research Council ha.s replied as follows: Mr. PORTER. Yes. "The executive board of the National Research Council, at its meet The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection? ing this morning, adopted a resolution recommending, in response to There was no objection. rour inquiry, that the United States Government accede to the request The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the of Doctor Nansen, president of the International Society for the Ex joint resolution for amendment. ploration of the AI·ctic Regions by Means of the Airship, entailing an The Clerk read a~ follows: annual contribution from this Government during five years to help Resolved., etc., That, in ~mpliance with the recommenuation of the meet the expense of the preparatory work for the establishment by rresident contained in his message of January 4, 1928, printed as Doctor .Nansen's society of ob ervatories in the inner Arctic regions. House Document No. 133, Seventieth Congress, first session, an annual This action of the Xational Research Council is based upon the careful appropri.ation for five years of $300 is hereby authorized aa the con consideration anu recommendation of the project by the .American tribution of the united States in the plans of the organization of the Geophysical Union, which is a technical committee of the council and is International Society for the Exploration of the Arctic Regions by e pecially competent to express an opinion in the matter." Means of the Airship for the establishment of geophysical observations By way of reply the Carnegie In titntion of Washington has furnished in the inner Arctic regions. a report by the director of the institution's department of research in terrestrial magnetism, as follows: The resolution wa ordered to be engrossed and read a third " 1. The proposed scientific exploration, according to modern re timE>, was read the third time, and passed. quirements, of the Arctic regions is to be undertaken under the aus Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remark in the pice. of the International Society for the Exploration of the Arctic RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter of R gions by Means of the Ai~ship and under the guidance of those the Secretary of State, which read as follows : competent to giv·e the best advice in the various lines of investigation. To tile Cong·ress of the United States: "2. Only by international cooperation and thorough preparation may I ti"ansmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State concerning the desired objects be attained effectively. The society is therefore the plans of the International Society for the Exploration of the Arctic soliciting aid from the countries which in any manner may be inter Regions by Means of the Airship, for the establiSh ent of geophysical ested in the advancement and application of scientific knowledge to observations of the inner Arctic regions, toward the accomplishment of be gained from studies of conditions in the Arctic. which the 19 governments whose countries are represented in the " 3. The contribution which the United States Government has been society have been requested to make an annual contribution for five asked to make, namely, $300 a year for five years, is intended to assist years, for required preparatory work, in accordance with a schedule in defraying the expenses for the necessary preparatory studies as to furnished by the society and accompanying the report of the Secretary methods and equipment and for publication of results before the actual of State. The annual contribution requested of the United States project .may be undertaken with reasonable promise of success. Is $300. " 4. Even if future events should make impossible the realization of The attention of Congress is especially invited to the strong indorse the society's own project, the funds now solicited, on an international ments of this project given by the Secretary of the Navy, the Acting basis, would assure the initiation of investigations of definite value to Secretary of Agriculture, the Acting Secr·etary of the Smithsonian any other Arctic ex~dition. There would, therefore, seem sufficient Institution, the National Research Council, and the Carnegie Institution warrant for making the desired small contribution." of Washington, as recited in the report of the Secretary of State. In view of the foregoing strong indorsements of the project, the In view of these favorable comments, and in conformity with the undersigned, the Secretary of State, has the honor to recommend that recommendation of the Secretary of State, I lay the matter before the matter be submitted to Congress with a view to that body's de Congress for its determination whether it will authorize an annual termination whether it will autho1·ize an annual appropriation for five appropriation of $300 for five years, as the contribution of the United years of $300 as the contribution of the United States, provided that States, on the condition that the other governments approached will the other Governments approached will also appropriate the quota also contribute the quotas assigned to them. assigned to each. CALVIN COOLIDGE. The undersigned is advised by the Director of the Bureau of the TRE WHITE HOUSE, January 4, .1928. Budget that this would not be in conflict with the President's financial program. The PRESIDE);T : RespectfUlly 1!11bmitted. In May last the Norwegian Legation at Washington, by order of FRANK B. KELLOGG. the Norwegian Government, transmitted to the Department

CLAIM OF THE NORWEGIA.~ GO\ER~MENT The interest claimed amounts to approximately $4,000, and I have the honor to recommend that the Congress be requested to authorize 1\Ir. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint Resolution the approprial.:lon of this sum in payment of the Norwegian Govern 154, authorizing payment of the claim of the Norwegian Gov ment's claim, as an act of grace, and without reference to the question ernment for interest upon money advanced by it in connection of the legal liability of the United States. with the protection of American interests in Russia. I ask A summary of the essential facts regarding the case being embodied unanimous consent for consideration in the H~use as in Com in this communication it is deemed unnecessary to accompany it with mittee of the Whole. copies of the correspondence in the case. All, or any part, of that The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Pennsyl correspondence will, of course, be furnished should you or the Congress vania asks unanimous con ent that this resolution be considered so desire. in the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is there objection? It should be added that this claim was brought to the attention or There was no objection. the Sixty-ninth Congress in a message from the President dated April The SPEAKER pro tempore. TQe Clerk will report the joint 23, 1926, printed in House Document No. 343, Sixty-ninth Congress, resolution for amendment. first session, and that House Joint Resolution No. 246, Sixty-ninth The Clerk read as follows : Congress, for the payment of this claim, was introduced on May 25. Resol!:ea, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he Is 1926, and was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. No hereby, directed to pay to the .povernment of Norway, as an act of action was taken by the committee on this resolution. grace and without reference to the question of legal liability, an It will be observed from the inclosed communication from the amount equal to 6 per cent interest upon the sum advanced by the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, to whom the matter was referred, Government of Norway in connection with the care by its repre that the proposed action is not inconsistent with the financial program. sentatives of American interests in Moscow, Russia, during the years of this Government. 1918 and 1919, but not to exceed a total of $4,000, as set forth Respectfully submitted. in the message of the President of January 5, 1928, printed as Senate FRANK B. KELLOGG. Document No. 37, Seventieth Congress, first session; and the appro DEPARTMENT OF STATE, priation for relief, protection, and transportation of American citizens Wasllington, January 4, 1928. in Europe made by the act approved April 17, 1917, is hereby made MINISTER RESIDENT AND CONSUL GENERAL TO LmERIA availal.Jle for the payment of the claim aforesaid. Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up the bill H. R. 121~1l With committee amendments as follows: to repeal Revised Statute 1683 and part of Title XXII, sectiou Page 1, line 7, after the word "Norway," insert "together with 32, of the United States Code. I ask unanimous consent for it.!J 6 per cent intet·est on the unpaid interest to date of payment" and on consideration in the House as in Committee of the Whole. - page 2, line 2, strike out the sign and figures " $4,000" and insert The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Pennsyl in lieu thereof the sign and figures " $5,000." vania asks unanimous consent for the consideration of the bill ill the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is there objection? The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing There was no objection. to the committee amendments. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the bill The committee amendments were agreed to. for amendment. The resolution as amended was ordered to be engrossed and The Clerk read as follows : read a third time, was read the third time, and passed. Mr. PoRTE& was granted leave to extend his remarks in the Be it · enactea, etc., That section 1683 of the Revised Statutes RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter of and such portion of title 22, section 32, of the United States Code as the Secretary of State, which read as follows: fixes the compensation of the minister resident and consul general to Liberia, are hereby repealed. To the Oongre.ss of tlle Utttited States: I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State in relation The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, to a claim presented by the Government of Norway for the payment was read the third time, and passed. of interest on certain sums advanced by it for this Government in con Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the nection with its representation of American interests in Moscow, and I RECORD by printing the message of the President and letter of recommend that an appropriation be authorized to effect a settlement the Secretary of State, which reads as follows: of this claim in accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary To the Congt•ess of the United States: of .State. I transmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State recommending CALVI~ COOLfDGE. legislation authorizing an increase in the salary of tbe minister resident THE WHITE HOUSE, Ja11um·y 5, 1928. a-nd consul general to Liberia from $5,000 to $10,000 per annum. I am in full accord wUh the reasons advanced by the Secretary of State why the increase should be allowed, and I strongly urge upon the I The PRESIDE~T : I have the honor to bring to your attention the request made by the Congress the enactment of legislation authorizing it. Norwegian Government for the payment of interests on certain sums CALVIN COOLrDGE. advanced by it for this Government in connection with its representa THE WHITE HOUSE, March "', 19Z8. tion of American interests in Moscow. The facts of the case may be briefly stated as follows : DEPARTMENT OF STATE, In September, 1918, the Government of the United States requested Washington, March 7, 1928. the Norwegian Government to take charge of the protection of Ameri The PRESIDENT : The undersigned, the Secretary of State, has the can interests in Moscow, stating that it would reimburse the Norwegian honor to bring to the Pre ident's attention the matter of the salary of Government for the expenses incurred in carrying out this request. the minister resident and consul general to Liberia and to recommend The Norwegian Government accordingly authorized its vice consul at that Congress be requested to enact legislation which wjll authorize an 1\Ioscow to assume protection of American interests at that place. increase thereof to $10,000 per annum. In support of this recommenda Various expenses were incurred by the vice consul in connection with tion, the following facts are submitted : his protection of American interests, and the Norwegian Government, The salary of $5,000 now appropriated for this office is inadequate by December 8, 1920, had paid him the sum of Kr. 65,162.97, repre and is disproportionate to the salaries paid to the classified Foreign senting the amount of the expenses incurred by him with interest to Service officers of the United States. The incumbent of this office is the date of payment. The Norwegian Government thereupon requested required to perform both diplomatic and consular functions, and for this reimbursement by this Government of the sum of Kr. 65,162.97 with dual service he receives a salary of only $5,000 per annum, which is interest to the date of such reimbursement. $5,000 less than is paid to any other minister of the United States, Due, in part, to the difficulty experienced by this Government in $4,000 less than is paid to Foreign Service officers of class 1, $3,000 obtaining proper documentary evidence of the expenditures incurred by less than is paid to Foreign Service officers of class 2, $2,000 less than the vice consul, reimbursement was not made until July 13, 1925, when is paid to Foreign Serv.ice officers of class 3, $1,000 less than is paid to the Comptroller General of the United States allowed the Norwegian Foreign Service officers of class 4, and is equal only to the salaries paid Government the sum of Kr. 65,162.97, the amount paid by it to the to Foreign Service officers of class 5, which comprises no consul general vice consul, but disallowed the claim for interest. and no diplomatic officer of higher grade than that of second secretary. The Norwegian Government, in acknowledging the receipt of the sum That a minister accredited to a foreign government should receive a allowed by the Comptroller General, requested that interest also be salary no larger than that received by a second secretary of legation is paid. an anomaly In tbe Foreign Service of the United States, which, in the Because of the fact that reimbursement was not made until nearly view of the undersigned, should, in fairness to the minister and for the five years after the funds had been advanced by the Norwegian Gov sake of uniformity in the Foreign Service be corrected. ernment it is the view of this department that this Government should Moreover, the compensation of the minister resident and consul pursue a generous course in recognizing the assistance rendered it by general to Liberia is less than that received by any other foreign a friendly foreign government in a time of emergency. representative in Monrovia, none of whom has a higher grade than 5898 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 charg~ d'affaires, as those who ·do not have salaries- equal to that of Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the tbe American representative have the benefit of allotments and per RECORD by printing tbe message of the President and lett~ ~ulsltes. Tbus, in 1925-26, the British consul general an{] the German of the Secretary of State, which read as follows: consul at Monrovia each received a salary of $7,50Q per annum and, To the Congr6B8 of tl~e United States: in addition, entertainment and household allowances; in 1926-27 the British. consul general received $9,272 salar.y, $2,196 local allowance, I commend to the favorable considet·ation of the Congress the in· amounting to $11,468; more than double the entire compensation of closed report .trow. the Secretary o! State, to the end that legislation the American minister and consul general, and, in addition thereto, a may be enacted requesting (1) the President to extend to the Republics ot America an invitation to attend a conference of conciliation and house is provided for him. The British vice consul, 8. Sllbordinate arbitration, to be held at Washington during 1928 ox· 1929, for the official, receives, if married, only about $400 per annum less than purpose of drawing up a convention· for the realization of the principle the Amerienn con ul general. ot arbitration for the pacific solution of their international differences The British Legation, owned and furnished by the :British Gov of a jul'idi.cal natura which was adopted in the reS()lution passed at ernment, is an elaborate two-story concrete building with 1~ rooms and the Sixth International Conference of American States; (2) the au appurtenances. Germany, France, and Spain also pronde quarters thorization of an appropriation of $60,000 for the expenses of such a for their representatives. confere~ce. The United States has a number of definite interests in Liberia, all of ,vbich the American minister mu t maintain and advance. Liberia CALVIN COOLIDGE. THE WHITE HOUSE, April S, 1928. began under' American auspices, having been colonized by slaves treed 1n this country. Liberia bas always regarded the United States ~s STATE DEPARTMENT, he11 next friend and on nume~·ous occasions the United States bas employed her good offices to assist Liberia politically, financially, and Waslti11gton, April .e, 1928. economically. There are also extensive American missionary interests The PRESIDE~T : in_volving about 100 _American missionaries, both white and colored, The undersigned, tbe Secretary of State, has the· honor to lay before with an estimated investment of $500,000 and a yearly budget of the President a copy of a resolution passed at the Sixth International $300,000. American capital is also entering Liberia on a large scale Conference of American States recently held at Habana, Cuba. This in the development of rubber plantations. Au. American concession resolution, which was passed by acclamation 1n plenary session, cou permits the planting of 1,000,000 acres which is now being deve.loped demned war as an instrument of national policy and provided that the at the rate of about 20,000 acres per year and at an appro:nmate Republics of America adopt obligatory arbitration as the means which cost of $1,000,000 annually. There is a $5,000,000 }()an to Liberia they will employ !or the pacific solution of their international di1l'er ences of a juridical natm·e. placed in America and secured by American receiversh.ip of cust~ms under the direction of an American bank and assisted by an Amencan The resolution further provided that the Republics of America will financial adviser. meet in Washington within a period of one year for a conference oC The duties of the American minister resident and consul general conciliation and arbitrathm to draw up a convention for the realiza tion of this principle, with tbe minimum exceptions which they con are in all respects similar to those performed by other American ministers and may be fairly compared to those performed by such sider indispensable to safeguard the independence nod the sovereignty mi11isters at posts in the smaller Latin-American countries. These of the States as well as domestic questions, and also excluding matters relating to the interest or referring to the action of a State not a party ministers all receive $10,000 annually. Furtherm()re with the cost of living at Monrovia for a foreigner to the convention. By this 'resolution the interested Governments agree to send to the conference mentioned representatives with instructions being even hi~her than it is in the United States. it is impossible regarding the maximum and minimum whieh they will accept with for the American minister, unless he be a man of large means! to meet the requirements of diplomatic life and his family necessities regard to obligatory arbitral jurisdiction. It is further provided that the conventions of. conciliation and arbitration which it is hoped will on the small salary now granted to the po t. be concluded at the conference will leave open a protocol of progressive A copy of a letter from the Director o.f the_ Bureau of the Budget, arbitration which will pel'mit the development of this beneficial institu stating that the proposed request is not in conflict with tbe financial tion to the greatest possible extent. program of the President, is inclosed. Respeetfully submitted. For th reasons stated in the inclosed resolution it is desired that the Congress of the United State,s be asked to request the President to FRANK B. KELLOGG. extend to the Republics of America an invitation to attend a confer OO~"'FERENCE OF CONC1LI.ATION AND ARBITRATION ence of conciliation and arbitration, to be held at Washi.ngton dm·ing Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint Resolu 1928, for the purpose of drawing up a convention for the realization of the principle o! arbitration for the pacific solution of their international tion 262, reque ting the President to extend to the Rep~bJ!cs of America an invitation to attend a conference of conciliation di.ll'erences of a juridical nature, . and to authorize an appropriation of and arbitration to be held at Washington during 1928 or 1929. $60,000 for the expenses of such ? co.nference. I ask unanimous con ent for its consideration in the House as Respectfully submitted. in Committee of the \Vhole. FRANK B. KELLOGG. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Pennsyl INTER...~ATIO~A.L COSGRESS OF ENTOMOLOGY vania asks unanimous consent for the consideration of the reso Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up Hou e Joint Resolu lution in the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is tllere tion 152, authorizing and requesting the President to extend objection? invitations to foreign governments to be re-pre ented by dele There was no objection. gates at the International Oongress of Entomology to be held in The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the the United State-s in 1928. re olution. The SPEAKER pro tempore. This resolution is on the House The· Clerk read as follows : Calendar. The Clerk will report the resolution. Resolved, etc., That the President be, and be is he~eby, requested to The Olerk read as follows : extend to the Republics of America an invitation to attend a conference Resol;r;etZ, etc., That the President be, and he is hereby, authotized of conciliation and at:bitration to be held at Wa,shington during 1928 and requested to extend invitations to fol'eign governments to be repre or 1929, for the purpose of drawing up a convention for the realiza sented by delegates at the International Congress of Entomology to be tion of the principle of arbitration for the pacific solution of their held in the United States in 1928. international differences of a juridical nature which was adopted in The resolution was ordered, to be engrossed and read a third the resolution passed at the Sixth International Conference of Ameri · time, was read the thix-d time, and passed. can States. Mr. PoRTER was granted leave to extend his remarks in the SEC. 2. That the sum of $60,000, or so much thereof as may be REcoRD by printing the message of the Pre ident and the letter necessary, is hereby authorized to be appropriated tor tbe expenses of the Secretary of State, which read as follows : of such conference, including salaries in the District of Columbia o.r To the Cangress of the United States: elsewhere, rent, printing and binding, ·printing of official visiting cards, travel and subsistence or per diem in lieu of subsistence (notwith 1 transmit be'rewith a report from the Secretary of State, inclosing a recommendation from the Secretary of Agriculture that the Congress be standing the provisions ot any other act), stenographic and other requested to adopt a resolution authorizing and requesting the President services by contract if deemed necessary, and such other expenses as may be deemed necessary by the Secretary of State by reason of such to invite foreign governments to be represented by delegates at the invitation. International Congress of Entomology, to be held in the United States in 1928. . The resolution was ordered to be engrossed and read a third It will be noticed that because of the close relationship between ento time was read the third time, and passed. mology and agriculture, the Department of Agriculture is especially in 0~ motion of Mr. PoRTER, a motion to reconsider the last vote terested in the international a pects of this science, which it considers wa laid on the table. of vecy great importance to this country. As it would seem, therefor~, 1928 ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5899 that the partlclpation ot foreign· gove1·nments·in the -congress mentioned Mr. COLE of Iowa: Mr. Speaker, this short joint resolution, would be in the public Inte1·est, I recommend to Congress the passage of if enacted, will 'be the beginning, on the part of our Govern the joint resolution. No appropriation is requested. ment, of the fulfillment of an international dream of 50 years; CALVIN COOLIDGE. that is, the construction of an inte1·-American highway connect THE WHITE HOUSE, Dec(}mbcr 19, 191:/, ing the nations of North America, Central and South America. James G. Blaine dreamed of it when he was Secretary of The PRESIDENT: State in 1881. The Pan American Congress which he then - With a view to the submission of the request to Congress, if the Presl planned was realized in 1889 by an act of Congress passed in flent approve thereof, the undersigned, the Secretary of State, has the 1888. Speaking before that Congres'', which met in Washing honor to Jay before the President a copy of a letter from the Secretary ton, among other things he said : of .Agriculture recommending the adoption by the Congress of a joint We believe that we should be drawn together more closely by the resolution, a draft of which he incloses, authorizing and requesting the highways of the seas, and that at no distant date the railway systems President to extend invitations to foreign governments to be repre of the North and South will meet upon an isthmus and connect by sented by delegates at the International Congress of Entomology to be land routes the political and commercial capitals of all America. held in the United States in 1928. No appropriation is requested. In explanation of Secretary Jardine's letter, it may be stated that at In transmitting the report of the first Pan American con his request the Amel"icHn diplomatic officers were authorized in June ference on such railway communication, President Harrison last to deliver on behalf of the American organization committee of the said: International Congress of Entomology, which will be held at Cornell It should not be forgotten that it is possible to travel by land from University, Ithaca, N. Y., in 1928, an invitation addressed by that com Washington to the southernmost capital of South America, and that mittee to foreign governments, but to make it clear to those governments the opening of railroad communication with these friendly States will that the Government of the United States bad no connection with the give to them and to us facilities for intercourse and the exchange of congress. trade that ru·e of special value. The work contemplated is vast, but This action was taken on the strength of the following statement by entirely practicable. • • • I do not hesitate to recommend that Secretary Jardine: Congress make the very moderate appropriation for surveys suggested " Because of the close relationship between entomology and agricul by the conferenae and authorize the appointment of commissioners and ture, this department [the Department of Agriculture} is especially in the detail of engineer officers to direct and conduct the necessary terested in the international aspects of this science. It considers tllem preliminary surveys. of very great importance to this country." -Respectfully submitted. The dreams of those days were never realized. But more FRANK B. Klj:LLOGG, recently they have been revived and they are now presented in DEPARTM~T OF STATE, the form of a highway for automobiles, an inter-American high Washington, Decembe1· 19, 1927, way stretching from the snows of Canada to the snowfields of squthernmost South America, broadly speaking, from the Arctic INTER-AMEIUO.AN HIGHWAY ON THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE regions of the North to the Antarctic regions of the south. Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up House Joint Resolu 'Vhat was not possible to realize in the form of a railroad we be tion 259, authorizing assistance in the construction of an inter lieve is now possible of realization in the form of highways for American highway on the Western Hemisphere. automobiles and motor trucks. The SPEAKER pro tempore. This resolution is on the House This short and simple joint resolution, as I have already said, Calendai', and the Clerk will report the resolution. if passed will be the beginning of what may be a great fulfill The Clerk 1·ead the resolution, as follows : ment. In this resolution we create no new boards or commis Whereas the Sixth International Conference of American States, at sions, of which we have already too many, nor do we authorize Habana, Cuba, resolved as follows: . any 'new expenditures of which also we have already too many. "To recommend to the Pan .American Congress of Highways, which It is provided in this joint resolution that the President of the will meet at Rio de Janeiro in July of the present year, the considera United States shall employ the existing agencies of the Govern tion and adoption of agreements that will be conducive to the construc ment, such as the State Department and the National Highway tion of a longitudinal communication highway to traverse the conti Commission tmder the Department of Agriculture, to gather nent, taking into consideration and deciding all questions relative to such data a.s may be useful in our participation in the pending studies, route, branch connections, technical and economicn.l coopera international conferences. tion of the different countries, and other matters included in the deter The resolution was drawn up in response to resolutions passed mination of this problem: at the recent Sixth International Conference of American States "The Pan American Union is intrusted with the compilation of in held at Habana, Cuba. The resolutions there passed are as formation and the preparation of projects which will serve to give effect follows: to this resolution, submitting this material in due time to the Pan To recommend to the Pan American Congress or Highways, which American Congress of Highways." will meet at Rio de Janeiro in July of tbe present year, the ·consid Resolved, etc., That the Government of the United States should eration and adoption of agreements that will be conducive to the con manifest the utmost interest in the purposes of the aforesaid resolu struction of a longitudinal communication highway to tt·averse the tion, and that in order to promote the speedy realization of these pur continent, taking into consideration and deciding all questions relative poses an·d objects the President is requested to direct the several agen to studies, routes, branch connections, technical nnd economic coopera· cies of the Government, and they are hereby authorized to lend snch tion of the different countlies, and other matters included in the deter cooperation and assistant as may be feasible and appropriate, with a mination of this problem. view to having the matter thoroughly considered by the approaching The Pan American Union is intrusted with the compilation of infor conference; and he is further requested to advise Congress of any con mation and the preparatipn of projects which will serve to give effect 'clusions reached and any action which may be suggested by the to this resolution, submitting this material in due time to tbe Pan conference. American Congress of Highways. Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I offer an amendment. On The congress of highways which is referred to as to meet in page 2, in line 8, strike out the word " assistant" und insert Rio de Janeiro in July of this year has been post};Joned until the word "assistance." July of next year, which will, in view of this new matter, be a The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Pennsyl more convenient date for all concerned. It will afford time for vania offers an amendment, which the Clerk will report. the Pan American Union, whkh is " intrusted with the compila The Clerk read as follows : tion of information and the preparation of projects which will Amendment offered by Mr. Pon·.rER: On page 2, in line 8, strike out give effect to this resolution," to assemble material pertinent to the word " a~sistant " and insert in lieu thereof the word " assist the ensuing discussions. In accordance with these resolutions ance." the agenda of the congress at Rio de Janeiro will be extended, The amendment was agreed to. and it is hoped that this particular subject will be one of the Tbe resolution was ordered to be cngt·ossed and read a third most important considered in that meeting. tirue, was read the third tirue, and passed. The joint resolution which we are asking Congress to pass _Mr. COLE of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent will make it possible for our Govei'nment to supply our dele to extend my remarks on House Joint Resolution 259 just gates to that congress with data and information which will passed. enable them to participate in the proceedings more effectively. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Iowa asks It is also an expression of what is culled our "utmost in unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD on tbe te-rest " in the whole international project, and also an assurance t'esolution just passed. Is there objection? not only of our willingness but of our eagerness .to help in so There was no objection. worthy an unde1·taking. It seems to me there is nothing wiser LXI:X--372 5900 ·coNGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-H0USE - ' APRIL· 4 or finer that we can do at this time to further a project that hold hearings on the bill. Together with my collE'agues the is of increasing interest among the people of all the States of gentleman from Iowa [Mr. CoLE] and the gentleman from Penn; . the two American continents. sylvania [Mr. TEMPLE]. This subcommittee held a number of Much might be said bearing upon the influence of such an conferences with representatives of the State Department, since inter-American highway upon the commerce among the Ameri the matter referred to affects our relations with other countries, can States, north and south, and much more on the effect of and representatives of the National Highway Commission, as such a highway in the promotion of amity and good will among also with many others who are naturally interested and affected. the nations affected. Nations that are now separated will be After these repeated meetings our subcommittee made a report brought closer together. People that now sometimes misunder to the full Committee on Foreign Affairs in favor of the bill stand each other will be brought into better mutual Wlder herewith presented. It will be observed that in our resolution standings. no new or expensive bureau machinery is created._ Instead it Along this highway there will be a constant and increasing authorizes the President to use the existing departments of the interchange of ideas as well as an interchange of commerce. As Government for the purpose of collecting data bearing upon the an evidence of good will and a promoter of amity among the suggested enterprise. This important work can be expeditiously nations that this highway will touch, the project under consid and capably handled by the State Department, and the good eration will be worth all it costs and much more. The possi- roads division operating very effectively in the Department of - bilities, in whatever way we may look at the matter, are so vast Agriculture. I quote the following from our report : and so significant that we are warranted in taking the prelim inary action which is outlined in the resolution which we are The project under consideration involves so many foreign govern submitting for the action of the House. ments that in the opinion of the committee reporting out this resolution, In closing, I want to call attention "to the influence that this the procedure should be by the cooperation of all the governments con proposed highway may have, and no doubt will have, upon cerned, rather than by the action of any one of them. Fortunately, the aviation. The highway will be of such ample construction, if action of the Sixth International Conference of American States, the tentative plans are carried out, that it will afford safe land already referred to, forms a basis for such cooperation as well as for ing places for airplanes that may be forced to land. It will make the action contemplated in this resolution. The resolutions passed at aviation comparatively safe, for it will afford not only· such Habana on this subject are as follows : landing places, but it will serve as a marker for those who " To recommend to the Pan American Congress of Highways, which use the air. will meet at Rio de Janeiro in July of the present y,ear, the considera Recently Col. Charles A. Lindbergh traversed portions of the tion and adoption of agreements that will be conducive to the construc proposed route over tractless wastes. What· he did was an tion of a longitudinal communication highway to traverse the continent, evidence of his genius in the air. It will not be possible for taking into consideration and deciding all questions relative to studies, all who will fly to bring to their task the skill of a Lindbergh. route, branch connection , technical and economic cooperation of the This highway will go far to supply such deficiencies. dift'eeent countries, and other matters included in the determination of In the years to come we may visualize whole argosies of air this problem. planes passing from the North to the South, and coming up from "The Pan American Union is entrusted with the compilation of infor the South to the North. Aviation is still in its infancy. I be mation and the preparation of projects which will serve to give eft't>ct lo lieve it will be a realization beyond all our dreams in the this resolution, submitting this material in due time to the ran Amerl years to come. In constructing the proposed highway we will can Congress of Highways." be ma-king a substantial contribution to that futme. 1\fy distinguished colleague on the subcommittee, the gentle The joint resolution which we are submitting is fraught with man from Iowa [Mr. CoLE], very '"''isely summed up the ~xaet such vast possibilities that its passage may mark the begin situation in his speech the other day when he offered the fol ning not only of a new era but of a new dispensation. How lowing observations : ever much some may still be thinking that this is only a dream, .Along this highway there will be a constant and increasing inter it will be a realization. change of ideas as well as an intt>rchange of commerce. .As an evidence Mr. O'CONNELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to of good will and a promoter of amity among the nations that this high extend my remarks in the RECoRD on this joint resolution way will touch, the project under considera1:ion will be worth all lt just passed. costs and much more. The possibi-lities, in whatever way we may look The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to·the request at the matter, are so va ·t and so significant that. we are warranted in of the gentleman from New York? taking the preliminary action which is outlined in the resolution which There was no objection. we are submitting for the action of the House. Mr. O'CONNELL. Mr. Speaker, the House Joint Resolution 239, which has just passed, is one of the most important and I shall always look back with pride and gratification to the constructive enactments that has come before the Congress at small but important part it was my privilege to play in helping the present session. It constitutes, as my distinguished col to initiate this great highway movement among our neighbors league, the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. CoLE], declared during to the south and the United States. consideration of the bill, the fulfillment of an international 1\lr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I move to reconsider t11e vote dream of 50 years. This measure contemplates the construc by which the Se\eral bill and resolutions were passed to-day tion of an inter-American highway connecting the nations of and lay that motion on the table. North America and Central and South America. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, it is so As far back as 1881 Jame G. Blaine, then Secretary of State, ordered. urged the building of such a highway between the United There was no objection. States and the countries to which I ha•e referred, and as a PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE member . of the Cabinet he vigorously advocated the project 1\Ir. ENGLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent t() before the Pan American Congress, when he said : address the House for 30 minutes. We believe that we should be drawn together more closely by the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from West highways of the seas, and that at no distant day the railway systems Virginia asks unanimous consent to address the House for 30 of the North and South will meet upon an isthmus and connect by land minutes. Is there objection? routes the political and commercial capitals of all America. Mr. DYER. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, I doubt the wisdom of granting such a request on Calendar The statesmen of those days realized and recognized the ·wednesday. If Calendar Wednesday busines has been finished, commercial and the material advantage that must necessarily I wish to call the attention of the House to the fact that there accrue to all the contiguous territory, uut not4ing came of is a bill to come up under a special rule. their then pioneer efforts. But the seed was sown in fertile Mr. ENGLAND. Mr. Speaker, I will say that if there is any soil, although it has taken many years to reach fruition. The objection I will change my request and make it for to-morrow. evidence indicated to-day by the tmanimous passage of this The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman's request can bill shows that there is a very substantial appreciation of be granted only by unanimous consent. Is there objection? what the highway will mean to present and future genera tions. This great inter-American highway will reach from ORDER OF BUSINESS Canada in the north of us to the extreme and southern section Mr. SNELL. Mr. Speaker, perhaps it would be well to dis of. South America. It will furnish for the south countries pense with Calendar Wednesday business for the rest of to-day what the railroads have done for us and will throw open a and find out what we are going to do for tile balance of the magnificent avenue of trade that will inure to the commercial day. I ask unanimous consent that further busines under the advantages of all concerned. Calendar Wednesday rule be dispensed with for to-day. It was my honor to be appointed by our distinguished chair The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from New York man of the Foreign Affairs Committee, the gentleman· "from asks unanimous consent that further Calendar Wednesday busi Pennsylvania [Mr. PoRTER], a membe~ of the subco~mJttee to ness be !lispensed with for to-day. Is there objection? 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE -5901 Mr. L.AGU.ARDIA. 1\Ir. Speaker, reserving the right to object, Mr. COLE of Iowa. I would like to ask the ·gentleman from we were informed a few moments ago that in all likelihood the New York whether he_represents the British Government. Newton bill amending the Webb-Pomerene export law might be Mr. BLACK of New York. -I do not, and I do not represent a called up. . lot of "rubber patriots." · l\1r. SNELL. I am doing this for the purpose of getting your The SPEAKER pro tempore. 'l'he gentleman from New York bill. before the House. asks unanimous consent that further Calendar Wednesday busi Mr. LAGUARDIA. We do not want it brought up to-day. ness be dispensed with. Is there objection? Mr. SNELL. That is all right, but some determination should Mr. MOORE of Yirginia. Reserving the right to object, Mr. be made as to business for the rest of to-day. Speaker, I would hke to propound a question to my friend, the Mr. LAGU~illDIA. I haYe conferred with the gentleman from gentleman from New York [Mr. SNELL]. The bulletin board Alabama. does not indicate what business will be up for consideration :Mr. SKELL. It can only come up by unanimous consent? to-morrow, Friday, and Saturday. Can the gentleman !dve us ~fr. LAGUARDIA. Exactly, and that is why I do not want any idea of the matters to be taken up on those days? b to interfere with Calendar Wednesday business. If Calendar Mr. SNELL. It was explained yesterday in the House that Wednesday business has been finished we would have an oppor we expected to-morrow to take up the Newton rubber bill. tunity to-day to permit speeches to be made and then take up Mr. MOORE of Virginia. And now the gentleman expects our bill to-morrow. to take that up at this time. ' l\lr. S~ELL. I am not going to object to the gentleman from Mr. SNELL. W ~ thought we could take that bill up now if West Virginia having 30 minutes, but I thought we should dis we could get unammous consent and consider it this afternoon pense with further Calenuar Wednesday business before that and finish its consideration to-morrow. permi. sion was g1·anted. Mr. MOORE of Virginia. Can the gentleman give us any l\lr. LAGUARDIA. I under tand the gentleman from Ala information as to the busines. coming up during the remainder bama would object to the consideration of the Newton bill ·of the week? ·to-day, and I wonld join in the objection. · Mr. SNELL. Friday we would expect to take up the Private 1\Ir. DYER. The gentleman from New York is speaking for Calendar, and there has been nothing definitely arranged f~r himself and evidentlJ<' for the gentleman from Alabama. But Saturday. -so far as I am concerned personally, and so far as the author of -this bill is personally concerned, we are ready to go ahead Mr. POU. Would the gentleman from New York consent to this afternoon ; but, of course, I do not want to inconvenience re ·uming consideration of the Private Calendar to-day'! 1\lr. SNELL. I do not think the gentlemen who are looking any of the members of the committee who are not ·ready to go after the Private Calendar are ready to go ahead to-day. ahead. Tbe SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the re- l\1r. S~'"ELL. Of cour.·e, the gentleman knows that if he objects to my r quest we would either haYe to go ahead with quest of the gentleman from New York? the call of the committee or adjourn. 1\lr. BLACK of New York. I object, Mr. Speaker. Mr. LAGUARDIA. 'Ve have several peeches scheduled for Mr. LAGUARDIA. .Mr. Speaker, I am constrained to object. . to-molTOW; why not have them now. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from West Vir- · Mr. ,S!\ELL. We could not take those matters up unless we ginia asks unanimous consent to address the House for 30 dispcn ·ed with business under Calendar Wednesday. ' We would minutes. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman either have to adjourn or call the co:punittees. from We.-t Virginia? . . Mr. LAG U~DJA. I . shall not object to dispensing with Cal Mr. DYER. ~f~·. Speaker, :r;eserving the right to object, I ask endar Wednesday, and then we can take the next step as we for the regular order, which is the calling of the committees. rome to it. · ' Mr. SNELL. Mr. Speaker, there is ·nothing in order at this Mr. BOWLIXG. Mr. Speaker, . I understood the gentleman time except to call the committee or move to adjourn. from New York C\Ir. S~ELL] on yesterday to· ask unanimous con Mr. GARNER of Texas. Yes; tllere is. One Member of ·sent that the specia! orders for yesterday, consideration of the Congress can ask unanimous consent of the House as well as Newton rubber bill being one of them, should go oYer until another, and th_e gentleman from West Virginia has submitted a to-:motrow. This was granted by unanin10us consent and tho.~ e unanimous-consent request, and unless some one objects, the 10f u·s who desire to pre:;;ent some riew in opposition to this gentleman is entitled to have his request put. "bill were preparing to g·o ahead· to-morrow, and we are not The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the re ready to-day. That would be the reason for any objection. quest of the gentleman from West Virginia? After a pause. !tfr. SNELL. I do not want to be unfair about the proposi The Chair hears none and recognizes the gentleman from 'Vest tion. That was the request granted yesterday. · We expected at Virginia for 30 minutes. that time that the -Committee on Foreign Affair would take Mr. EXGLAI\TD was recognized. up all the afternoon. Of course, we do not want to " spring " Mr. LAGUARDIA. Will the gentleman yield for me to make anything on the House, but we thought we had better not waste an inquiry? the balance of the day, if possible. _ Mr. ENGLAND. I ·will. Mr. BLACK of New York. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. LAGUARDIA. 1\fr. Speaker, may it be understood so 1\Ir. SNELL. Yes. that we may not wait for developments that the Newton bill Mr. BLACK of New York. I would like to point out to the will not be called up to-day, but will follow the order of the gentleman-! came in the Chamber in the middle of this dis~s- House. ion-the British Government is to-day trying to decide whether The SPEAKER pro tempore. It can only be called up by or not they shal.l continue the restriction scheme. We will unru1in1ous consent or by dispensing with Calendar Wednesday know to-morrow the attitude of the Briti ·h Go\ernment on the business under the rules. Stev~nson re~triction plan, _and it would be far wiser in view Mr. SNELL. And we can not bring in a rule at the present of that fact that we proceed to-morrow, because the whole tin1e. ~tuation may be changed at that time. Mr. DYER. We can adjourn. Mr. DYER. Mr. Speaker, I do not think the American Con 1\lr. s:NELL. Either adjourn or call the committees. gress is going to defer consideration of legislation simply at the l\fr. DYER. The Judiciary Committee is ready to proceeq behest of some unauthorized association or committee repre on the call of the Calendar of Committees. senting some function in connection with the British Govern The SPEAKER pro tempore. Unless Calendar Wednesday ment. We are legislating here for the American people. business be dispensed with tbere are only two things to do; · Mr. BLACK of New York. The gentleman mi understands one is to call the roll of committees under the Calendar ·wed me. The whole basis of this bill is the Stevenson restriction nesday rule and the other to adjourn. plan, and the British Government is trying to pass on whether or not tllat scheme shall be continued. 'l'he entire argument BIYER IMPROVEME...~TS bad\: of this bill is based on what another go>ernment is doing l\fr. El~GLAl~. Mr. Speaker and Members of the House, or has done. recently our Government launched upon an extensive program Mr. DYER. The gentleman is entirely in error. This legisla of river and harbor improvements, but this governmental activ tion would be perfectl~r proper and perfectly feasible and per ity should be increasc-s . of this river . would be '$12,000,000, or approximately $4,000,000 the annual carrying charges. - mG-re than the total cost of the improvement. . ~M increased W.ater shipments- of coal to Cincinnati or other Ohio · In the· light of these statistics it could not be- successfully , River points would result in :a ' still further saving to the iowel" contended that from the viewpoint of the public- river improve- Kanawha and to the Ohio Rivers. • • • It is not impossible that ments do not pay. · eventually the Kanawha River may show an increase in tonnage some River improvements cause a revival of business in all en what on the basis attained on the Monongahela Rh·er. I therefore deavors and furnishes a cheaper commodity to the consuming report that modificatlo.n of the existing project for the Kanawha River, public. In my humble judgment river ·improvement will do W. Va., is deemed advisable so as to provide for the replacement of more to solve the perplexing problem of the high cost of living locks and dams Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5 with two locks and dams at an a-ud farm Telief than "Rnything that could be done. . .estimated cost of $3,500,000, with $18,000 -ann-ually for operation cand This co'untry is suffering sorely from high ·transportation _maintenance, which is $30,000 less than under the existing .pl'Qj_ect. costs, and tlie proper utilization of our waterways as freight The location . and design of the locks and dams should be left to the carriers will largely decrease this enormous cost. - tliscretitm of the Chief of Engineers. The coal industry: is almost prostrate. The agricultural sec . Mr. MANSFIELD. Will the gentleman yield? tions are demanding farm relief and from the information Mr. ENGLAND. Yes. received there is much merit in this demand. · Mr. MANSFIELD. Is it not a fact that the proposed im The coal producers and their thousands of miners are crying provements to the Kanawha River enter the coal fields far out ·for·relief and anyone familiar with the coal industry will greater than that of tl!e Monongahela? agree that coal relief is needed as well as farm relief. . Mr. ENGLAND. Much greater, ancl I will come to that later. - This inland waterway system as it progresses will afford a The report further ~ays : · great measure of relief to every section which has coal deposits in merchantable qualities. Recent economic studies of the Kanawha River improvement show One of the greatest diffic-ulties of the coal industry is over that it has been a profitable investment of public funds. An increase in production. The improvement of our inland-waterw-ay system future commerce seems assured. will broaden the coal markets and cheapen its transportation During 1925, 35 pe:~.: cent of the coal moved on the Ohio River cost, thereby affording this industi·y a very distinct relief. had its origin on the Kanawha River. It seems probable that The President, several years ago, appoi.pted a commission in addition to . the through movement ·of coal to the Ohio River to ascertain the benefits of the improvement of our inland points, the ~xisting industries at Charleston, together with new waterways. This commission. after taking volumes of testimony chemical plants attracted to coal areas of this nature, will and otherwise gathering information, reported that the water call for the movement of a large tonnage, with a material .routes properly located not only afforded the advantages and . saving over the cost of transportation by rail. best methods of transp6rtation, but that they are likewise the ·west Virginia produces annually from 125,000,000 to 145,000,- natural competitors and effective regulators of railway trans 000 tons of coaL 'we are told by competent geologists that at portation. the pre ent rate of production it would take more tbim 1,,200 Another commission was later appointed and reported that years to mine all the coal in West Virgi~a. the network of canals through the countries of Holland, Ger West Virginia prospers as the coal industry prospers. De many, and France play a great part in the economic life of the pression ~n the co~l business_ pr<;>du<:~s depression in all other pt'Ople unlike any other form of transportation. ·The limit of busin~~ses. . The Great J{anawha River runs tht·ough the the appropriation made by Congress for this pnrpose should ·counties of Fayette, Kanawha, Putnam, and Mason and empties be the largest amount which could be economically expended. into tl!e Ohio River at Point Pleasant, about halfway between Time is required for the completion of the improvement of Cincinnati and Pittsburgh. Of the 92 miles of the river which this great inland waterway system, and for that reason activ~ is navigable, 52 is underlaid with coal of merchantable thickness. ties along this line should be aggressive. This valley furnishes b rely sufficient room fot· tl1e New York I understand the policy of the engineers and Congress is to Central Railroad on the north bank and the Chesapeake & Ohio im{Jrove 11-rst the rivers whiCh afford the greatest opportunities Railway on the _south bank, while below Charleston the valley for tonnage to be transported over same. 'This undoubtedly is~ broadens into a beautiful, rolling agricultural country. . sound policy. I wiSh to call your attention to the much-needed . The river is now equipped with 10 locks and dams, 4 of improvement of the Great Kanawha River in West Virginia. which are above Charleston and 6 below. The dams above On the lOth day of February, 1928, I introduced a bill pro Charleston were bui1t between -1880 and 1887, . and the on-es viding for the authorization of the improvement of the Great below between 1887 and 1898. The lock chambers of these dams Kanawha River, which bill is now pending before the Rivers above Charleston will only acc--ommodate two barges and those and Harbors Committee. The• committee has taken favorable below four. The channel depth is hardly 6 feet at pool stage. action on the authorization of this project. On February 25, The dams above Charleston have become obsolete and should be 1928, the Secretary of War, by virtue of the rivers and harbors replaced with two large sta-tionary dams equipped with the act, approved September 22, 1922, transmitted to the Speaker of largest lock chambers feasible and practicable to the Great the House, the report and recommendation of the Chief of Kanawha River, with a 9-foot channel depth, thus enabling the Engineers of the War Department, relatiJlg to a survey and im coal and other industrial concerns to equip themselves with provement of the Great Kanawha River. This report recom mo~ern facilities and begin river shipments on a large scnle, mends that the present obsolete Dams Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5 be re which can not now be done under the I>resent existing conditions. placed with two locks and dams suitable for adequate trans A resolution adopted by the Kanawha Coal Operators Asso· portation pUI·poses. This report among other things said: ciatioD: October 21, 1926, among other things, said : After due consideration of the above-mentioned report. I concur in Many years ago, and at the time when only a 6-foot stage was con the views of the Board ·oi Engineers for ~ivers and harbors. Some of templated on the Ohio River, a se-ries of 10 movable dams, equipped the coal tributary to the Kanawha River is of the highest grade ob with small lock chambers and only providing a 6-foot stage of water, tainable for steam production. At Charleston there is already a con- _ was installed on om· n the Ohio River. In other the~ cheaper transportation rates will transport_ a very large words, the Great Kanawha River as equipped is a narrow-gauge con portioJ?- of the new coal business developed in this valley. nection in a standard-gauge main. line. Durmg the :year, 1926, out of 142,775 carloads of freight A resolution adopted by the Winding Gulf Coal Operators shipped into this valley, 79,774 came from the West and the Association ~ecently, among other things, said: residue from the East. A very large portion of these products Tbe Ohio Valley Improvement Association, which has been the in were susceptible to river transportation. As soon as our inland spirati<>n and promoting force in the canalization of the Ohio River ~aterways system is .completed and its system of transporta from Pi.ttsburgh to Cairo for the last 32 years, in its 1926 annual con tion completely_orgamzed and developed, these incoming ship vention at . Paducah, Ky., being advised of these facts as to the Great ments will increase in volume, perhaps to 750,000 tons annually. Kanawha River, unqualifiedly recommended and indorsed the imme When adequate water transportation is afforded, within a few diate standardization of the Great Kanawha River with the Ohio years thereafter the shipments of coal out of the Great Kana wha Valley will exceed 10,000,000 tons annually. The freight River. on river shipments will be at least 50 cents per ton cheaper The Charleston Chamber of Commerce of the city of Charles than railway, thus saving the consumer $5,000,000 annually tion in a resolution recently adopted by it, among other things, upon coal transported. The two stationary dams, Nos. 2 and 3 said: do not furnish a sufficient amo~t of water in the vicinity of Tba t the board of directors of the Charleston Chamber of Commerce Mount Carbon, a logical outlet from the great smokeless-coal strongly and vigorously indorse the improvt!ment of the Great Kanawha fields; also the present height of the lock walls at these two River from the bead of navigation to its mouth so as to provide a dams do not permit the operation of the locks when the stage 9-foot stage of water and the largest capacity lock chambers permitted at Kanawha Falls above said dams is 12 or more feet. The by flow of water and width of river; that this chamber pledges its stage at Kanawha Falls is frequently more than 12 feet. continued indorsement of and support to the United States engineer in This valley has also developed a very large area of oil and charge of Great Kanawha River district an·d instructs its committee to gas territory, the average daily production of oil being 8,815 cooperate fully with him. barrels. Large areas of mixed hardwood forest are still available iu Practically all the chambers of coinmerce and the different civic organizations in this valley have adopted strong resolu this valley, and vast areas cut over 25 to 50 years ago are tions setting forth cogent reasons why this river should be im growing and producing new timber, thus insuring a continuing supply for the future. proved for better navigation. Among the many other raw materials of the valley are found ·This river is now being utilized in a small way in the ship ment of coal and other products to market, but to great dis salt, glass sand, fire clay, and kaolin. The development of advantage. The Ohio River is now equipped with 9-foot stage the great chemical industry in the valley is rapidly blinging a Charleston forward as the recognized chemical center of the and lock chambers 110 feet by 630, which will accommodate 16 Kanawha River barges and the steamboat. The Mississippi and United States. Charleston has the largest ax factory and glass plant in the Ohio Rivers need the tonnage for shipment in order to justify world. The manufacturing establishments in this valley, of the improvement of these rivers. .The Kanawha River can fm•nisb this tonnage in greater different kind and character, are numerous. quantities, perhaps, in proportion to its length, than any other The Great Kanawha River, with equal river transportation river in the Mississippi Basin. According to the West Virginia facilities, will in a short time equal, if not excel, the annual geological survey there is approximately 18,000,000,000 tons of tonnage of shipments of the Monongahela River. The Kanawha workable coal within the watershed of the Kanawha River, River contains an abundance of water. According to General D€akyne, in low water the natural flow in this river is more . ~hich is sufficient, it is claimed by geologists and engineers, to lay down a layer of coal as thick as Washington Monument is than seven times greater than that in the Monongahela River. high over the entire District of Columbia. It is said by the The natm-al resom·ces of this valley are almost inexhaustible. same eminent authority that the coal in this valley is sufficient This valley is coming to be a veritable hive of industry. to maintain the output of the entire State of West Virginia for Charleston is destined to be the center of the greatest industrial 125 ·years. - section in the world. [Applause.] ''Perhaps we may be able to grasp in our minds better as PERMISSION .TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE to the quantity of coal produced in this valley, when I inform Mr. SNELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the you that according to the preliminary 1L:,"11res of the Federal gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. HAsTINGS] may now have 10 Bureau of Mines, West Virginia exceeded Pennsylvania in minutes to address the House, the gentleman from Michigan tb~ production of bituminous coal for 1927 more than 21,000,000 [Mr. CRA.MTo_ ] 10 minutes, and the gentleman from New York tons. [Mr. LAGUARDIA] 5 minutes, and the gentleman from Kansas More than 35,000,000 tons of coal was shipped out of this IMr. GUYER] 10 minutes. valley by rail in 1926. The tonnage of coal shipped over the The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. MAPES). Tlle gentleman Chesapeake & Ohio Railway in 1920 was 28,000,000 tons, and from New York asks unanimous consent tlutt the gentleman in 1926, 50,000,000 tons. A substantial part of this increase from Oklahoma [l\lr. HASTINGS] may now l.lave 10 minutes to came from thi~ valley. The quality of this coal as shown by address the House, the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. CRAM ~ chemical analysis is the finest in the world. We find there the TO~] 10 minutes, the gentleman from New York [Mr. LA~ Emokeless, by-product, gas, splint, and black coals which are GuARDIA] 5 minutes, and t11e gentleman fr Kansas (Mr. now ·being marketed around the world and are the only known GuYER] 10 minutes. Is there objedion? coals which successfully compete with the Cardiff coal of There was no objection. Wales, upon which England has built her great export trade. TO AUTHOIUZE THE PRESID~T TO YE'l'O SEPAR.A..TE ITEMS IN ·Neither England nor Germany have such coals as the do mestic and splint coals found in this valley to offer their very APPROPIUA.TION B.ILT.S substantial overseas h·ade. l\Ir. HASTINGS. Mr. Speaker, I am going to confine my The coal in this valley bas proven to be indispensable to a remarks to a proposed amendment to the Constitution authoriz~ diversified industry, being of a unique character and quality ing the President of the United States to veto separate items not found elsewhere in this country, and especially is this true of an appropriation bill. There are similar provisions in the of the smokeless or New River coal. The New River Coal various State constitutions, and I have written the governors of Operators' Association, in a resolution adopted by it, among the various States and have their replies discussing the subject other things, said : very briefly, which I want permission to include in my remarks. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Oklahoma With cheap river transportation available, not only will the Panama asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks by printin()'0 com· Canal be more economically served by the way of the rivers, New munications from governors of different States. Is there 0bjec Orleans, and the Gulf of Mexico, but New Orleans can be made the tion? base for a great coal port for A,merican coal in the world market. 1\l~. S'.r\~LL. Reserving the right to object, for the purpose of Because of cheap water transportation in England nnd Germany, makmg an announcement, I want to·say that the special orders American coal now reaches the seaboard handicapped by a heavy for to-morrow for the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. HAs land freight not incurred by foreign coals, and the American pro TINGs], and the gentleman from New York [Mr. LAGUARDIA.] ducer bas been unab1e to develop a large export business in coal, and the gentleman from Mic!J.igan [Mr. CRAMTON] will b~ although England alone exports some 75,000,000 tons per annum, vacated. and' such an export business would tend to stabilize and adjust many The SPEAKER pro tempore. Vlithout objection, that will be of the problems con1'ronting the American coal industry. the understanding. Water transportation is peculiarly adapted to the economical Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Speaker and gentlemen of the House transportation of coal, and with this great system of inland I wanted to b1·ing to your attention a resolution which I bav~ waterways completed it is fair to assume that the rivers and introduced (H. J. Res. 70) proposing an amendment to section 5904 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 7, Article I, of the Constitution of the United State/), permitting from the old constitutional prOVISIOn which did not give that the President of the United States to disappro\e [any item or power, and conferred that power upon the governor. appropriation of any bill passed by Congress. The resolution is Mr. HASTINGS. I have a letter from Governor Byrd, of as follows: Virginia, and he very strongly recommends such a provision. Amend section 7, Article I, of the Constitution of the United States, Mr. AYRES. Does not the gentleman feel that under the by adding the following paragraph at the end of said section: Budget system as we now have it the President has sufficient " Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives power over appropriations without the Constitution granting and the Senate making appropriations of money embracing distinct to him the power to veto any item in an appropriation bill after items shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President it has passed Congress? of the United States ; if he approves, he shall sign it, but if he dis Mr. HASTINGS. I discussed the budget sy tern in four ot approves the bill or any item or appropriation therein contained, he the States-New York, Maryland, West Virginia, and Utah. shall communicate such disapproval, with his reasons therefor, to the There is a similar provision in each of those States that where House in which the bill shall have originated. All items not disap the budget is submitted the legislature can not increase it, nor proved shall have the force and effect of law according to the original can it add any new or separate items. In New York, for provision of the bill. .Any item or items so disapproved shall be void, example, the governor is permitted to veto separate items. unless repassed by a two-thirds vote, according to the rules and limita With the permission of the House, I am herewith inserting tions prescribed in section 7, Article I, in reference to other bills." the replies received, for the reason that some of them contain I have been greatly interested in this reform since the be suggestions which should be considered by the Committee ori the ghming of my service in Congress. Judiciary and by the Congress. I am in favor of the Budget system and I voted for it. I GDv. George W. P. Hunt, of Arizona, heartily indorses the made a speech in favor of it when the first bill was up for proposed amendment and adds: con ·ideration. That provision is in our constitution, which is acknowledged to The Budget syste-m holds the administration responsible for be the most modern in the United States, with all apoiogles to the the balance of receipts and disbursements of public moneys. State of Oklahoma. Annual estimates are made and presented through the Bureau Gov. C. C. Young, of California, advises that the governor of of the Budget of the revenues received from all sources and that State is permitted to either veto or reduce an amount of the estimated e}..rpenditures. Frequently amendments are separate items in any appropriation bill. He states: added by one branch or the other of Congress to appropriation bill · and the President, under the Constitution, is compelled In my judgment this has worked very well and everyone is satis to approve or veto the entire bill. If this amendment were fied with it. adopted, he could veto any separate item of any appropria He suggests, however, that there has been some criticism tion bill. If au objectionable amendment were added or if against the provision for reducing the amount of an appropria any item estimated for by the Bureau of the Budget were too tion. greatly increased, if this amendment were adopted, it wo·uld B. T. Poxson, secretary to the Governor of Colorado, states not necessitate vetoing the entire bill or the reconvening of that the recent Supreme Court decision had made it impossible Congre s in ses ion to make another appropriation for that for the governor to veto separate items of an appropriation particular branch or department of Government. bill where they were linked up with the other items. He I think every Member who has experienced any length of states, however: service in the House will call to mind many items added or in If it had been possible for the govemor to veto separate items he creased, particularly in the closing days of the short session could have eliminated several unneces ary amounts from nearly every - of Cougres , that have been the subject of se\ere criticism. My department of the State, and in this way could have brought the · judgment is that every item of an appropriation bill should appropriation within the estimated revenues of the State. st<.md upon its own merit. It is unfair to sandwich items of doubtful merit which can not be justified in an appropriation Gov. John H. Trumbull, of Connecticut, states that an amend bill. ment was adopted to the Connecticut State constitution in The propo ed amendment is similar to the constitutional November, 1924, authorizing the governor to disapprove sepa provision of many of the States, and I might add, copied from rate items of an appropriation bill and comments as follows: the provision of the Oklahoma constitution. I have addressed Prior to my first se sion as governor the same situation existed in letters to the governors of all of the States, inclosing a copy of Connecticut that now exists nationally-namely, the governor was com the proposed amendment making inquiry as to whether each pelled to accept the budget bill as a whole or veto it in toto. State has a similar provision and asking for any c"'nstructive And after advising of the amendment adopted in 1924 adds: criticism or suggestion with reference to it. From the replies received and from investigations made, I find that nearly all I am heartily in accord with your bill allowing the President to veto of the most recently adopted or revised State constitutions have certain items in the Budget bill. a similnr provision, and almost without exception the provision Gov. H . C. Baldridge, of Idaho, advises that that State does is commended by each governor as a step in the ~nterest of not have such a provision in its State constitution, but com economy. mends it as meritorious. Mr. AYRES. \Vill the gentleman yield? The legislative reference bureau, Congressional Library, in l\Ir. HASTIN Yes. connection with the matter refers to section 11, article 4, of the Mr. AYRES. I regret that I was not here at the beginning constitution of the State of Idaho as follows: of the gentleman's remarks; will the gentleman, in a few words, The governor shall have power to disapprove of any item or items state his proposed amendment? of any bill making appropriations for money, embracing distinct items, Mr. HASTINGS. I have introduced a proposed amendment and the part or parts approved shall become a law. to the Constitution modeled after the constitutions of most of the States of the Union which, if adopted, would authorize the Gov. John Hammill, of Iowa, after expressing regret that President of the United States to veto separate items of an that State does not have such a provision in its constitution, appropriation bill. I explained that I had written to the gover states: nors of .all the States and had received replies from 37 of the 48 To my mind it is a movement in the right direction, an. Gov. Roland P. Hartley, of the State of Washington, calls Oklahoma : .Article VI, section 12. attention to section .12 of Article III of the constitution of that Oregon : .Article V, section 15a. State, empowering the governor to veto one or more sections or Pennsylvania : .Article IV, section 16. items while approving other portions of the bill, and with refer South Carolina : Article IV, section 23. ence to it states: South Dakota : Article IV, section 10. It is my opinion that every bill should be drawn so that separate Texas : Article IV, section 14. items can be vetoed. I feel it works out best that way, and agree Utah : Article VII, section 8. with you that every item should justify itself. Virginia: Article V, section 76. Washington : Article III, secti()n 12. Gov. Howard M. Gore, of West Virginia, calls attention to West Virginia: Article VII, sectron 15. the fact that that State has a budget commission and that the Wyoming: Article IV, section 9. legislature can not increase an item, but may reduce. After No provision in the following States: Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Massa· commenting on the matter he states: chusetts, Nev-ada, New Ham~shire, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Ten After an, the executive is usually held responsible for the expendi nessee, Vermont, Wisconsin. tures during his tour of duty, and certainly, either in the first instance RAYMOND E. MANNING, that is, in making up the budget--or in vetoing special items, is an DECEMBER 5, 1927. authority that he should have. It may be asked, 1Vhut are the objections urged against this Gov. Fred R. Zimmerman, of Wisconsin, strongly favors such proposed amendment? I have heard of none, either in the dis an amendment and invites attention to the fact that the veto cussion before the Judiciary Committee, on the floor of the of separate items could have been used with advantage in his House, or from the governors of the several States. The only State if the governor had the authority to exercise that veto. objection I have ever heard is the reluctance to amend the Replies were received, either from the governors or their Constitution of the United States. Of course, I do not believe secretaries of 37 of the 48 States. Practically all of them are that to be a valid objection. The original Constitution would in agreement that such an amendment should be adopted and not have been adopted if it had not contained a provision for that it would be in the interest of economy. In a few of the its amendment. I think that is generally conceded. It was older States the constitutions do not have such a provision. understood that the first 10 amendments would be proposed to Some three or four of the States have budget laws where the the Constitution by the first Congress and they were proposed estimates can not be increased by the legislatures. on the 25th day of September, 1789. As above stated, without In addition to the above States from which replies were the promise of ratification of these amendments the original received from the governors or their secretaries, permit me to Constitution would not. have been adopted. call attention to the fact that the constitutions of the following There may be some differences of opinion as to the advis States have such a provision. ability of the adoption of some of the amendments, but I want Section 126, Article V, of the Alabama constitution contains to invite your attention to the sixteenth amendment providing such a provision authorizing the governor to veto separate items for the collection of income taxes. I think no considerable num of an appropriation bill. ber of people have raised any objection to that amendment or Section 17, A.l·ticle VI, of the Arkansas State constitution suggested that it should not have been adopted. Washington, empowers the governor to disapprove any item or items of any in his farewell address, invites attention to the provision for bill making appropriations of money embracing distinct items. the amendment of the Constitution in the orderly way. The Section 18, Article III, of the constitution of Delaware em truth is that every amendment proposed to the Constitution powers the governor to disapprove of any item or items of any should be most carefully considered and should be considered bill making appropriations of money embracing distinct items. on its own merits. Section 20, Article III, of the North Dakota constitution gives I am not one of those who believe that the Constitution should the governor the power to disapprove of any item or items, or be lightly amended, but I voted a few days ago to amend the part or parts of any bill, making appropriations of money. Constitution by changing the beginning of the terms of the Section 23, Article IV, of the constitution of South Carolina President and Vice President and Members of Congress, because empowers the governor to veto separate items of an appropria I thought it was a wholesome amendment. tion bill. I believe that this proposed amendment is a meritorious one The constitution of Wyoming has such a provision in section and one that is in the interest of economy and it should be 9, Article IV. considered on its own merits. For ready reference I am including as a part of my remarks I submit it, therefore, to the thoughtful consideration of the the report of Mr. Raymond E. Manning, of the legislative ref Congress. erence service, Library of Congress, referring to and listing the I am appeneling hereto the replies of the governors of th~ sections and articles of the various State constitutions author several States in addition to the excerpts which I have above izing the governors of the States to veto separate items of noted. Some of these replies contain additional argument in appropriation bills. The report is as follows: support of the adoption of the proposed amendment: LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, EXECUTIVE OFFICE, STATEHOUSE, LEGISLATIVE REFERE~CE SERVICE. PhoeniaJ, Ariz., Dece·mber :!2, 19£1. ITEM VETOES-PROVISIO:-!S IN STATE CONSTITUTIONS Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, House of Rep1·esentaUves, Washington, D. 0. Alabama: Article V, section 126. MY DEAR CONGBESSMAN HASTINGS; I have your letter with inclosed Arizona : Article V, section 7. joint resolution amending the Constitution of the United States so that Arkansas : Article VI, section 17. the President may veto any single item of the appropriation bill. California : Article IV, section 16 ; Article IV, secti()n 34, as adopted I c.ertainly would approve of that, and it should have the vote of November 7, 1922. Session Laws, pages 87-88. our Arizona delegation. '!'bat provision is in our constitution, which Colorado : Article IV, section 12. is acknowledged to be the most modern in the United States-with all Connecticut : Amendments to constitution, Article XXXVII. apologies to the State of Oklahoma, of which State you are a dis Delaware: Article III, section 18. tinguished Representative. Florida : Article IV, section 18. Trusting you will be successful in your efforts, believe me, Georgia: Article V, section 1 (16). Yours very tt·uly, Idaho : Article IV, section 11. GEO. W. P. HUNT, Governor. Illinois : .Article V, section 16. Kansas : Article II, section 14. Kentucky : Section 88. GOVERNOR'S OFFICE, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, Louisiana : Article V, section 16. Saoramento, Deccnnber 2~, tJJfrl. Maryland: Article II, section 17. Hon. W. W . HASTINGS, Michigan: Article V, section 37. House of Represert-taUves, WlJ.8hington, D. 0. Minnesota : Article IV, section 11. DEAR MR. HASTINGS : In answet• to your letter of December 17 I Mississippi: Article IV, section 73. would say that our California constitution does permit a governor to 1928 CONGRESS! ON AL R.ECORD-HOUSE 5907 4>itber veto or rednce an amount of separate items in any approp1'iation reeonslderation ot the disapproved items in conformity with the rules bil1. prescribed for legislative action in respect to bills which have received In my judgment this bas worked very well, and everyone is satisfied executive disapproval. with it. The only objection which I have beard regarding it is the provision for reducing the amount of an appropriation. - As regards STATE OF IDAHO, OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR, this provision, some claim that a - governor might be able to practically Boise, December 28, :Wrl. kill a governmental function which he did not care openly to oppose by Hon. W. W. HASTI:NGS, M. a., reducing the legislative appropriation to such an extent thftt it would Room, 861, House Office Building, Washington, D. 0. pmctically throttle its activities. MY DEAR CoNGllESSMAN HASTINGS: Although the Idaho law does not As to whether this would work similarly in Congress, I should not permit its governor to veto individual items of an appropriation, never care to ex:pre s an opinion. Those of you who are intimately con theless I believe there is a great deal of merit in House Joint Resolu nected with the work of the ~ationnl Legislature are able to judge this tron 70, which you introduced in the House of Representatives on more accurately than a State official could do. December 6. Yours very sincru:ely, Yours very truly, C. C. You:NG, Governor. H. C. BALDRIDGm, Gover-nor.

EXECUTIYE CluMBER, THE STATE OF COLOllADO, EXECCTIVE DEPARTMENT, STATJ!l OF IOWA, Dent,er, Decen ~ ber W, 1m. Des Moines, December £3, 19t7. Bon. \V. W. HASTI:NGS, Bon. W. W. HASTINGS, United States Collg.ressman, Wasllingto?l, D. 0. House of Representatives, Wash-ington, D. a. MY DEAR MR. HASTINGS : Replying to your communication of Decem MY DEAR REPRESENTATIVE HASTINGS: I am in receipt of your letter, l.Jer 17, to Governor Adams, in reference to House Joint Resolution 70, and I agree heartily with you that the law should be so amended that will say that the constitution of Colorado under the supreme court de any objectionable feature of an appropriation bill might be vetoed and cisions has made it impossible for the governor to veto separate items of the remaining portion of the bill allowed to stand. an appropriation where they are linked up with other items. This, on I regret exceedingly to advise you that our constitution does not sevel'al occasion , bas placed the State In a very embarrassing position, contain this provision. To my mind, it is a movement in the right and the actions of the last legi lature caused a very acute condition to direction, and an executive certainly should have a right to veto any a1ise at the present time. portion of an appropriation as distinguished from vetoing the entire The legislature overappropriated about $1,300,000 on .straight main bill. To my mind, it is in the interest of good government. tenance appropriations, which compelled the governor to sign all of With the compliments of the season and kind personal regards, I am, the ·e bills rather than to lea,·e State institutions without any funds. Your· very truly, If it had been possible for the govel'Dor to veto separate items be JOHN HAMMILL, Governor. could have eliminated several unnecessal'y amounts from nearly every department of the State, and in this way could have brought the ap STATE OF ILLINOTS1 OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR, propriation within the estimated revenues of the State. As it is, Springfield, December 29, 19?:1. the State appears to be in a seemingly financial-embarra.ssed condition, Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, and ome of the State institutions falling in the lower classe are House of Representatives, Washington, D. 0. without funds, due to their classification, while other institutions in DEAR Sm : Replying to your inquiry of December 21 relative to the the State, due also to their classification and overappropriation, are power of the Governor of Illinois to veto items in appropriation bills, receiving more funds than necessary -for their operation. All of these will say that no such power existed in our constitution until 1884. embarras~nnents could have been avoided had the governor been able Prior to that date, bills could only be vetoed as a whole. This created to veto certain items which were linked up in the regular maintenance a situation whereby acceptable items in appropriation bills often failed bills. to become a law by the use of the veto, and objectionable items became Due to our personal experience, we believe that Federal legislation law by failure to use the veto in order to save the residue. of this nature is absolutely necessru·y for the proper administration of In 1884, Article V, section 16, of the constitution of 1870 was the National Government. amended. Section 16, in part, reads as follows : Respectfully, " Bills making appropriations of money out of the treasury shall B. T. POXSON, specify the objects and purposes for which the same are made, and SIJC1'etary to tlle Go~:ernor. appropriate to them, respectively, their several amounts in distinct items and sections, and if the governor shall not approve any one or more of the items or sections contained in any bill, but shall approve STAT~ OF COXNECTIC'UT, EXECOTIVlll CHAMBERS, the residue thereof, it shall become a law as to the residue in like man Hartford, Decen~bet· 27, 19P:1. ner as if be had igned it. The governor shall then return the bill Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, with his objections to the items or sections of the same not approved Room 861, House Offi,ce BtJ,ildin.g, Washington, D. 0. by him, to the bouse in which the bill shall have originated, which DEAR SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge your letter of December house shaH enter the ebjections at large upon its journal, and proceed to 21 inclosing copy of House Joint Resolution 70, which proposes an reconsider o much of said bill as is not approved by the governor. amendment to the Constitution. The same proceedings shall be had in both houses in reconsidering the Prior to my first session as governor the same situation existed in same as is hereinbefore provided in case of an entire bill returned by Connecticut that now exists nationally, namely, the governor was the governor with his objections ; and if any item or section of said bill compelled to accept the budget bill as a whole or veto it in toto. This not approved by the governor shall be passed by two-thirds of the situation was remedied by an amendment to the State constitution, members elected to each of the two houses of the general assembly, it aclopted NoveJDber, 1924, copy of which is inclosed for your information. shall become part of said law, notwithstanding the objections of the I am heartily in accord with your bill allowing the President to veto governor." certain items in the Budget bill. The purpose of this amendment was to enlarge the veto power by Very truly yours, authorizing the governor to veto items in appropriation bills. This JOH~ H. TRUMBULL. power has been exercised on numerous occasions and apparently bas [Inclosure] met with general approval. Article XXXVI. Amendment to the constitution of Connecticut \ ery truly yours, (adopted November, 1924) LEN SMALL. The governor shall have power to (lisapprove of any item or items of any bill making appropriations of money embracing distinct items STATE OF INDIANA, EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, . while at tile. same time approving the remainder of the bill, and the Indianapolis, January 11, 1928. part or parts of the bill so approved shall become effective and the item Bon. W. W. HASTINGS, OJ' items of appropriation so disapproved shall not take effect unless Hmtse of Representatives, Washingto11, D. a. the same ar·e separately reconsidered and rep as ed in accol'dance with DEAR SrR: On behalf of Governor Jackson I wish to acknowledge the rules and limitations prescribed for the passage of bills over the receipt of your recent communication in which you inclose copy of executive veto. In all cases in which the governor shall exercise the proposed House Joint Resolution 70. He directs me to advise you that right of disapproval hereby conferred, he shall append to the bill at Indiana's constitution contains no provision authorizing the governor the time of signing it a statement of the item or items disapproved, to veto separate items of the appropriation or budget bills. together with his reasons for such disapproval, :llld transmit the bill Trusting this information will meet your requirements, I am, and such appended statement to the secretary. If the general as Very truly yours, sembly be then in se sion, be shall forthwith cause a copy of such P. H. WOLFARD, statement to be clelivered to the house in which the bill originated for Becretary to the Governor. 5908 CONGRESSIONAL ·R;ECORD---HOUSE APRIL -4

/ STATE OF GEORG[.~, EXECUTIVE DEPA.RTUENT, him of December 21. However, the governor firmly believes in such Atlanta, December !1, ~'!:I. a proposition for both State and Nation. Congressman W. W. HAsTINGs, Cotdially yours, , Room 361, House Office Building, Wa.shingto", D. 0. · CARL F. MORRISON," MY DEAR MR. HAsTINGS : i have your letter of December 21, inclosing Executive BeoretM11. copy of House Joint Resolution 70, which is a proposed amendment to the Constitution in regard to the question of permitting the vetoing EXI!!CUTIVE DEPARTMI!INT, of any single item of the appropriation bill. AtrnapoUs, Md., December f!!, 191:1. In the State of Georgia the governor can veto any single item in Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, the appropriation bill without affecting the other appropriations in House of Representatives, Washington, D. 0. the measure ; the governor can not change any item in the ·appro DEAR MR. HAsTINGS: I have your favor of December 21. Prior t() priation bill, but can veto a.ny one item without affecting any other. the adoption in this State of the budget amendment the constitution 'l'he power to veto any one or more items seems to me a wise pro authorized the governor to veto separate items of 'the appropriation vision, and so far as I am informed it bas met with the approval of bill. This was always regarded as a most desirable and important the people of Georgia. provision. It is no longer necessary, however, because under our If I can serve you further, I shall be glad to do so. system the governor now submits his _budget to the legislature and the Very sincerely yours, legislature can reduce or eliminate items but can not add new items. L. G. · HARDMAN, Go1:ernor. Consequently, there is no more occasion in this State for the governor to veto separate items of the budget bill. Sincerely yours, ExECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, STAT~ OF FLORIDA, Governor.- Tallahassee, Ja11uat·y 7, ~~8. ALBERT C. RITCHIJ!I, Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, United States Hottse of Rept·esentatives, Washingtot~, D. 0. STATJI 01' MICHIGAN, ExECUTIVE 0FI!'ICI!I, SIR: Replying to your valued favor of December 21, I beg to advise Lansing, December 1!8, 191:1. that section 18 of Article IV of the constitution of Florida contains Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, the following provision : 861 House Office Building, Wasllingtott, D. 0. " The governor shall have power to disapprove of any item or items DEAR CONGRESSMAN HASTINGS : With reference to your letter of De· of any bills making appropriations of money embracing distinct items, CE:'mber 21 inclosing copy of House Joint Resolution 70, it seems to me and the part or parts of the bill approved shall be the law, and the that this provision of the Constitution permitting the Executive to veto item or items of appropriations disapproved shall be void, unless re particular items ·m appropriation bills · without vetoing the rest of the passed according to the rules and limitations prescribed for the passage bill is a good provision. We h_ave this provision in the constitution of' of other bills over the executive veto." this State, and it seems that it is no more subject to abuse than the The governors of this State have frequently applied the above pro other system. In other words, without it the legislature may tie the vision to appropriation bills passed during the closing days of the ses hands of the executive on the question of appropriations whereas if sion in ot·der to avoid calling a special session. this amendment were adopted, the executive may exercis~ his pro'per Inasmuch as you ask for comment upon the wisdom of an amend functions in the vetoing of specific items without imperilin.,. the measure ment to the Federal Constitution such as you have proposed, I might in which they are included. "' suggest that one outstanding objection to the operation of such a pro- Sincerely yours, . vision for the National Government, which is controlled by two parties, FRED W. GaEmN • is that it would enable a great d~al of log rolling to be pulled o!I by making trades for uppropriations, after which the prevailing party could STATE OF MINN'P:SOTA, EXECUTTVE Dt:PA.RTMENT, _procure presidential veto of considerable items of the minority party St. Paul, December so~ 19'n. while obtaining approval of the items of the majority party. Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, Trusting this answers your inquiry of recent date, I am, Member of Congress, 361 House Office Building, Very respectfully, Washington, D . 0. JOHN W, MAR~IN, Govertwr. -Dt:AR Ma. HASTINGS : Answering your letter of the 17th instant, I will say that the constitution of Minnesota contains a provision which O.P'FlCE OF THE GOVER TOR, STATIO OF KA SAS, makes it possible for the governor to veto separate items of appropria Topeka, December 27, ~27. tion bills without vetoing the entire bill. I have found this provision Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, not only helpful but essential to the success of my efforts to hold down Room 361, House Office Buildi11g, Wa.shi11gton, D. 0. appropriations in the State of Minnesota. DEAR CoNGRESSMAN: I have your letter of the 21st relative to House Using this power, I reduced the appropriations of the State legisla Joint Resolution 70. ture approximately 5 pE>r cent in 1925 and almost 4 per cent in 1927. An amendment to the Kansas constitution adopted by the people in If I had not had this power I should have faced the alternative either of November, 1904, granted the governor the right in any bill contaj_ning repudiating my promise to the people of the State that there should be several items of appropriation of money to object to one or more items no increase in the State tax levy or calling an· extra session of the legis while approving the other portions of the bill. lature, as the governors of some of the neighboring States had to do It occurs to me that the resolution suggested by you shotHd be at a considerable cost to the taxpayers and much inconvfnience to the adopted by Congress. members. With kindest regards, I am, yours very truly, I believe that an executive should have the power to not only veto BEN S. PAULEN, Gover1wr. separate items of appropriation bills but to reduce any item. Tile governor does not have that power in Minnesota, but I understand that he bas in some of the States of the Union. EXECUTIYID DEPARTMENT, STATE OF LOUISIANA, There is no legal or constitutional requirement that a department Baton R01tge, December e9, 1927. head spend all the money that the legislature apprdpriates for his use. Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, There is discretion vested in the department bead as to bow much of Member of Congress, Room 861, House Otfice Bttt.l-d-ing, the money appropriated he will spend. The question is, whether the Washingt01~, D . 0. elective bead of the government, who is responsible to the people who DEAR SIR : In the absence of Governor Simpson I am taking the provide the taxes, should not, rather than his appointees, have that liberty of furni.shing you with the information you desire in your letter determination. of the 21st instant relative to the govE>rnor of this State having power It may not be as essential to center in the President the power of to veto separate items in an appropriation bilL financial control in the Federal administration as it is to center that 'l'be constitution of our State do~s not allow the governor to veto any power in the States in the governor ; for the Federal Government being· separate items. organized in its executive department under a Cabinet appointed by and Very respectfully, immediately answerable to the President, is subject to instant and direct W. A. PONDER, control by the Chief Executive who can curb extravagance at any time Secreta-ry to the Governor. be chooses to do so. In the States the governor can not usually do this because many of OFFICE OF THE GOYERNOR, STATE OF MAINE, the functions of the executive department are vested in appointed Auguste£, Decembm· 29, 1927. boards with long ovl'rlapping terms over which the chief executive B on. W. W. HASTI 'GS, has but little control. I am not rl'ady to state that the reform· which _ 361 Hou-se Office BttiZditlg, Washington D . 0. you suggest is of sufficient importance to justify the submission of a DEAR CONGRESSMAN HASTINGS: Governor Bri'WStE:'t' asks me· to advise constitutional amendment, however. I am aware of the fact that it ydu that there is no' law in Maine such a.s outlined in your letter to is a big undertaking to secure the ratitiration of an amendment to tba 1928 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-HOUSE .5909

Federal Constitution. That question is one that the Congress should ExEcuTIVE CHAMBER, STATE OF NEw HA:r.IPSHmE, determine. All I want to say is that I consider tbe amendment Concord, D ecember £8, 1921. desirable. Bon. W. W. HASTINGS, Yours very truly, House of Represm~tatit•es, Wash£ngton.~ D. C. THEODORE CHRISTIANSON. MY DEAR COXGRESSMAN : Replying to your letter of December 21, I regret to say that the constitution of the State of New Hampshire doet!i not allow the governor to veto any separate item of an appropriation GOVERNOR'S OFFICE, STATE OF MISSOURI, bill permitting the remainder of the bill to become a law. I believe the Jefferson. City, December 2&,. 1927, National Constitution and the constitution of every State should con Bon. W. W. BASTINGS, tain such a provision, and I hope for your success in the worthy en H01tse of Revresetttatives, deavor which you have initiated by the introduction of House Joint Room 861~ House Office Buttditlg, Washington, D. C. Resolution 70. · ·DEAR MR. HASTINGS, Replying to your communication of December Yours very truly, 21, will say that the constitution of the State of Missouri does contain H. N. SPAULDING, Governor. a provision that the governor may veto any separate item of a bill, I do not know what I would do in the matter of holding down appro EXECUTIVE OFFICE, priations in this State if this provision were not in the constitution, Santa Fe, N. Mex., January 8, 1928. because legislatures of States-and I presume the same is true of the lion. W. W. HASTIXGS, ~ation-are very apt 'to overappropriate. Hat1se of Representatives, Washington, D. C. Sincerely yours, MY DEAR COKGRESSMA~: Replying to your letter of December 17, I SAM A. BAKER. beg to say that the constitution of the State of New Mexico provides that the governor may veto separate items in the appropriation bill. I STATE OF NEBRASKA, EXECUTIYE OFFICE, consider this a very safe and wise provision. Lincoln, January 10, 1928. For further information on this subject I beg to refer you to Senator Bno~SON CUTTING, of·New Mexico, in the United States Senate. llon. W. W. HASTI~GS, Membm· ot Congress, Wa.s111it~gton, D. C. Yours very truly, MY Dr-:A.R MR. HASTINGS: Answering your letter of December 17, R. C. DILLO~, Governor. audr~ssed to Go~ernor .McMullen, in which you ask if Nebraska has a law which would empower the governor to veto separate items of EXECUTI\"E DEPA1!1'1\1E~T, STATE ,OF NEW YORK, an appropriation !Jill, I beg to advise as follqw~ : DIVISION OF THE BUDGET, Section 15, article 4, of our State .constitution, provides that the Albany, Januat·y 16, 1928. governor may disapprove any item or items of an appropriation con Ho1i. W. W. HASTI~GS, tained in bills passed by the legislature, and the item or items so Roont 861, Ho-use Oflice Building, Washington, D. C. MY DEAR CONGRESSMA~ : By direction of tlle governor 1 beg to disapproved shall be .stri~ken therefrom, unless repassed in the manner ~rein prescribed in cases of disapproval of bills, i. e., a three-fifths acknowledge :Je<'eipt of your communication of December 21. It would vote of the membe1·s of both houses. have been answered sooner but for the reason that we were at that time making the State budget, which bas been completed and now goes Trusting that this gives you the information that you desire,. I am, to our legislature. Yours very truly, I am directing that a copy of this budget be sent tc you as well as a FlU~K M. JOH~SOX, copy of our new constitutional budget law. Secretary to tlie Got·ernor. Under om· system in the State at the present time the governor has the right to veto items from the appropriation bill, but beginning with STATE ·oF ~Ew JERSEY, EXECUTI\E DEPAI!TME~T, the constitutional budget next fall, after bearings by the governor, be Janua1·y 3, 1921.' shall transmit to the legislature a recommended bill, and the legislature Bon. W. W. HASTINGS, then shall have the power to decrease or omit any item therein ; but if House Oflice B ·ztilding;· Washington, D. C. they should desire to increase an item or add an item it must be on a Mx DEAn MR. HASTIXGS: The constitution of the State of New Jersey separate and distinct line. T he bill when passed by both houses shall authorizes the governor to veto a separate ite'nl of an appropriation then become a law without the governor's signature, but the added or bill. The prov-ision is found in paragraph 7, article 5, of the State increased items must be presented to the governor for his approval or c~mstitution, and reads as follows : - veto. "If any bill presented to the governor contain several items of I think you could get more information by reading our bud.get la..w, appropriations of money, be may ohject to one or more of such items and after reading same I think you might even improve upon tl).e while approving of the other provisions of the bill. In . uch case be proposed joint resolution. shall append to the bill, at the time of signing it, a statement of tbe Respectfully yours, items to which be objects, and the appropriation so objected to shall JOSEPH H. WILSON, not titke effect. If the legislature be in session he shall transmit to· the Dit·ector of the Budget. liouse in which the bill originated a copy of such statement, and the· items objected to shall be separately reconsidered. If, on reconsider GO>ER~OR'S OFFICE, STATE OF NORTH CAROLI~A, ation, one or more of such items be approved by a majority of the Ra.leigh~ December so, 19'!1. members elected to each house, the same shall be a pa1·t of the law, Bon. W. W. H.~STIXGS, notwithstanding the objections of the governor." H01tse of Representatives, Washington., D. C. This provision bas worked. out satisfactorily in this State, and I DEAR MR. HAsTr:-;os : Answer to your letter of December 21 has been think your idea in proposing such an amendment to the. Constitution delayed on account of the usual accumulation of work during the is a good one. Christmas holidays. Very truly yours, Replying to the questions propounded let me say : First. That North Carolina is the only State in the Union in which A, HannY MoonE, Got:erno·r. the governor bas no veto power whatever. Second. I heartily favor the purposes of your resolution proposing EXECUTIVE CHAMBER, STATE OF NE\ADA., to amend the Constitution of the Gnited States so as to permit the Carson. City, December 22, 19~. President to disapprove any item of appropriation in any ·bill passed by Bon. W. W. HAsTINGS, M. C., Congress without the necessity of vetoing the entire bill. Room 361~ House Office 11ttilding, Washington, D. 0. Wishing you many happy return" of the holiday seasons, believe me, MY DEA~ MR. ILI.STINGS: Your letter of the 17th instant. addressed Faithfully yours, to Bon. F. B. Balzar, Governor of Nevada, bas been received and read. A. W. MCLEAN, The governor directs me to say that be is very much in accord with Governor of North Carolina. your idea and will be glad to see your subject adopted and made a part of the National Constitution. ' Ex.ECGTITE DEPARTME:-iT, STATE OF OHIO, He regrets that there is no provision in the Nevada constitution whl.ch OFFICE OF THE! GOVERNOR, would enable the governor to veto any single item of the appropriation Columbus, Ja11,uary 7, 1928. bill, although be bas heretofore urged that such idea be incorporated Bon. W_ W. BASTINGS, in our own constitution. I am House of Representati,;es, Wa.shi~tgton., D. 0. Cordially yours, DEAB .MR. HASTINGS : Replying to your reeent inquiry : J. B. WHITE, Under the constitution of Ohio the governor bas th~ power to veto /Jecretat·y t.() the Governor. separate, specific items in appropriation bills. We find it very satis- 5910, CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-HO·USE factory. ~he power Is used frequently. I would _recommend the fur STATB OF UTAH, 0FFWE OF T~E GOVERNOR, thl't: ex~c_utive power_ to reduce by veto any pat'ticular item~. - In Ohio _ _ _ _ f$al~ Lalu} quy, D~ceprl!_er ~8, 19'1:1. the Governer can only veto in. toto ,or permit an ,item to sta.nd iil toto. Hon. w. w. HASTrNcs, M. c., , , Very truly y~urs, · · '· · · · -- - · House Office Building, Wq.sllinuton, D. C. VIC DONAHEY, Governor. MY DEAR 1\In. HASTINGS: With your letter of December 17 you sent me a copy of House Joint Resolution 70, by yourself, proposing EXECUTIVE OFFICE, STATE OF OKLAHOMA, an amendment to the Constitution of the United States permitting Oklahonta City, January 19, 1~8. the President to disapprove any item or appropriation of any bill lion. W. W. HASTINGS, passed by Congress, and you desire to know whether the constitution Member of Conut·ess, Washi11gton, D. C. of Utah conta.ins a similar provision ; and if so, how it has worked DEAR FRIEKD: I am .greatly pleased with y-our resolution to amend in thi· State. the Constitution of the United States authorizing the President of the Article YII, section 8, of the constitution .. of Utah is as follows: United States to veto separate items .of an appropriation bill.- . "Every bill passed by the legislature, before it become a law, shall 'Jlhat is·· a splendid thing -to have. but I doubt if you can awaken be pre en ted to the governor;. if he approve he shall -sign it, and ther~ . public interest enough to establish -that kind of .thing. . upon it shall become a law ; but if he do not approve Jle .shall-. relurn . With best wishes; ram truly yout·s, it with his objections to the .:bouse in which it ori,ginated, which b.ouS!e . HENRY S. JoHNSTON, Governor. .shall enter .the objections at large . upon - its . journal and proceed to ..J;econsider the bill. - If, after .s.nch reconsideration, .it again .pa es . both houses by a yea~and-na,y: vote of two-thirds of the memb r.s . EXECOTrvi DEPARTMEYT, sTATE-oi OaiGo£1, electro to each . house it shall become - a law, , notwitll~tanding tbe Decemb~r 14, 1m. · ' Salem: gov.ernor:s .objections.· If any .bill be not returned within five days Bon. w~ ! W.,.. iiAsTiNGS, '\ ~ .. .,. ,) , , after it shall have been presented to him (Sunday and the day on Room 361, House office Bund1ng, TVashi~gto1J., D. C. which he received it excepted), the same shall be a law in like manner ?th.: DEAR Sut: Your letter of December 17 is at hand, together with as if be had signed it, unless the legislature by its finaL adjoul'Dment tbe inclosed copy of House Joint ResolutiQD 70 pt·oposing an amend prevent such return, in ~ which case it shall be filed with his .objectionR ment to the Constitution. in the office of the secretary of state within 10 days after such l am referring your letter to 1\fr. Sam A. Kozer, secretary of state, adjournment (Sundays excepted) or become a law. If any bill pre who will be able to supply you with a copy of the Oregon Blue Book, sented to the governor contain several items of appropriations of containing the Oregon constitution, which, in Article V, section 15A, money, he may object to one or more such items while approving give the governor a-uthority to veto single items in appropriation bills. other JWrtions of tbe l;>ill ; in such case he shall append to the bill Very truly yours, at the time of signing it a statement of the item or items which he I. L. PATTERSON, Got•ernor, declines to approve, together with his reasons therefor, and such item or items shall not take effect' unless passed over the governor's EXECUTIVE DEPARTMEXT, STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA, objections as in this section provided." Pierre, Dece-mller .,o, 19P:f. You will perceive from the foregoing that the governor has the riga~ Hon. W. '"'· HASTINGS, to veto any item in the appropriation bill, and the veto of such item Hottse of Rem·esentativcs, Washingtott, D. a. acts in precisely the same way as the veto of an entit'e bill. MY DEAR MR. HASTINGS: Your letter -dated D~cember 21, requesting The power given to the governor has seldom, if ever, been exercised information with reference to the governor's power to veto separate in this State. l think, however, it is a propet· provision, and it seems items of the appropriation bill-, has been received. to me it would be just as appropriate in the National Government as. Article 4, section 10, of the South Dakota constitution provides that in a State government. "the governor shall have power to disapprove of any item or items of In Utah the budget is prepared by the governor's office and submitted any bills making appropriations of money embracing distinct items, and to the legislature. The legislative committees, of course, hold beatings the part or parts of the bill approved shall be law and the Item or items and make some changes as a result of their own investigations, but in a di approved shall be void, unless enacted in the following manner: If large measure the governor is held responsible for tli'e State expendi the legislature be in session be shall transmit to the house in which the tut·es, and he therefore should have such a measure of control as bill originated a copy of the item OL' items thereof disapproved, together , enables him to veto any specHlc item. with his objections thereto, and the items objected ·to ·shall be sepa Very respectfully, ratE.>Iy reconsidered, and eacb item shall then take the same course as is GEo. H. DmnN, Governor. prescribed for the passage of bills over the executive veto." I trust the above-quoted ·section will give you the information you CO?.Il'l!OXWEALTH OF VIRGINIA, de ire. GOVERNOR'S OFFICll, Yery truly yours, Richmond, December 22, 19?:/, WM. J. BULOW, JR., Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, Befretary to t11e Gover11or. House of Representatives, Washington, D. 'a. DEAR 1\IB. HASTINGS : Acknowledging your letter of the 2-1st, in EXECUTlVE CHAMBER, TENNESSEE, which you advise me that you have introduced an amendment to the . Nashville, December 29, 191!1. Constitution to empo\"\:er the President to veto separate items in the · Mr. W. W. HASTINGS, appropriation bill, and to make inquiry as to whether Virginia has such Second District of Oklahoma, a constitu'tionul pt·ovision. I beg to state that in Virginia the governor Room 861, Ho1tse Offi-ce Building, Wasllli.fl>gton, D. a. has the right to veto separate items in the appropriation bill. I regard M'f DEAR MR. HASTINGS: Your letter of recent date, inclosing me copy this as important and essential, and it has worked splendidly in. of bill, House Joint Resolution 70, which -. is an umendment to the Con- Virginia. stitutiQn of the United States, was duly received. · Sincerely yours, In reply to your .first question, '' Whether the constitution of your H. F. BYRD. State contains a similar provision, and if ~o, bow it has worked in your State?" , STATE 011' VERMONT, ExECUTIVE DEPARTl'liENT, Our. constitution does not have such a provision. · MontpeUer~ Decembet· 81, 19£1. In answer to your second question, it occurs to me that the amend Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, ment proposed would be wise. Hot,se of Repre8f3tttatit·e8, Washitlgton, D. a. I am, yours very truly, MY DEAR SlR: Your letter of the 21st was duly received, and in reply HENRY H. HORTON, Got'ernor. will say that our State constitution does not contain a provision similar to that pt'oposed in House Joint Resolution 70. Ex»CUTITE DEPARTMENT, Yours very truly, At,sti11, Terc., December 31, 1!Jf1. JOHN E. WEEKS, Bon. W. W. HASTI ·os, (Jovernot· of Verm,ont. Membe1· of Oongresa, Washington, D. 0. DEAR MR. HASTINGS: Your letter of Decfmber 21 bas been received. STATE OF WASHIXGTON, EXECUTIVE DEPARTMillNT, Replying to your inquiry, the constitution of this State permits Olympia, Friday, December !3, 19£1. the governor to veto separate items of the appropriation bill. This Congressman W. W. HASTINGS, has been the law in Te:xas .fot· many years. and so far as I know HotUJe of Representatives, Washington, D. a. there has never been any doubt of its :wisdom. MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN: Replying to your lett&- of December 17, in Vet'y truly yours, connection with House Joint Resolution 70, propoRing an amendment to _ the Cons~itution wh.ich would «;;DPower the President to veto separate' 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5911 items of an appropriation bill, and inquiring as to whether the executive insignificant enough to be immune from revolution and political of the State of Washington is empowered to veto separate items: discord. That seems to hold true through the field of organiza Section 12 of article 3 of the State constitution of the State of Wash tions of all sorts. We have in Congress various blocs-the farm ington provides : bloc, the wet bloc, the dry bloc, and others-and of them all • • • " If any bill presented to the governor contains several sec there is but one of these blocs, ~o far as I know, that bas a tions of items he may object to one or more sections or items while definite, positive organization, regularly elected officials, official approving other portions of the bill. In such case he shall append to the stationery, and so forth. Calling itself an unofficial committee bill at the time of signing it a statement of the section or sections, item of the House, the wet bloc of the House is a definite entity or items, to which be objects, and the reasons therefor, and the section which for the last three or four years has been struggling des or sections, item or it!'lms so objected to shall not take effect unless perately to organize itself and get enough Members to agree passed over the governor's objection, as hereinbefore provided." upon one definite line of action to make some impression upon It is my opinion that every bill should be drawn so that separate the House. .As far as my recollection goes, 62-one-seventh items can be vetoed. I feel it works out best that way, and agree with of the House-is about the limit they have ever been able to you that every item should justify itself. corral in harmony on one question, as evidenced by their co With best holiday greetings, operative scheme of introducing beer bills. I think 62 is the Yours very truly, ROLAND H. HARTLEY, most that ever joined in one measure. Recently that bloc, that Governor of Washington. definite organization that for three or four years has been attempting to unite upon a policy, succeeded in getting a roll EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA, call of the Members of the House on an issue that they selected Oharleston, December 28, J!Jr:t. and presented to the House. The result of that roll call was so Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, disastrous, as evidence of sentiment in Congress, that not only Member of Oongress, Washington, D. a. the wets in Congress but the wets throughout the country are MY DEAR 1\!R. CONGRESSMAN : I have your letter of December 21. In tremendously despondent over the situation as thus demon West Vi~ginia the budget commission, which consists of the elective strated on the eve of a national election. The leadership of State officers--that is, the governor, secretary of state, auditor, attor the bloc for the momeht felt that in merely getting a roll call ney general, treasurer, superintendent of schools, and commissioner of they had accomplished a great result, although we all know agriculture-make up the budget for State expenditures within the that 40 or 50 Members can usually get a roll call at any time, estimated revenue. The legislature can not increase an item, but may and that many times one Member can accomplish that result reduce any recommendation of the board of public works. It is my by making· the point of order of no quorum. Immediately after judgment that for State purposes the governor should make up the the late disastrous vote upon the Treasury appropriation bill, budget rather than the board of public works. I believe that is the with reference to the use of certain denaturants in denatm·ed judgment of persons best informed. After all, the executive is usually alcohol, the Baltimore Sun published a feature article on the held responsible for the expenditures during his tour of duty, and cer first column of the front page, I think in their issue of February tainly, either in the first instance-that is, in making up the budget, or 22-at any rate it is dated February 22-in which their corre in voting special items-is an authority that he should have. However, spondent said: we must keep in mind that after a bill bas been passed an executive could exercise rather an unusual arbitrary power. Mutiny is afoot among the wet crew in Congress, and some are I am wondering if the plan followed in this . State would not be suggesting that the new captain be made to .. walk the plank." better than the one that you propose-that is, the executive making up This situation has developed as a result of the defeat a few days ago the Budget on th.e general current expense of the Govern~ent and when the wets followed their newly chosen leader, Representative permitting Congress to exercise its judgment as to whether they will LINTHICUM, Democrat, Maryland, into a fight with the drys over the grant the expenditure recommended or modify, as in keeping with their continued use of poisons in the manufacture of industrial alcohol. Mr. judgment. LINTHICUM tried to prohibit such use. i shall be very glad to have you stop in and see me at any time The wets were forced to face the guns on this issue on a roll-call you are in the State. vote, the first record vote to be had on any wet and dry question since With kindest personal regards and best wishes, I am, the passage of the Volstead Act. On the face of things there were only Sincerely, 61 wet votes to 283 ·dry, or nearly 5 to 1 against the modification of HOWARD M .. GORE, (}o1)ernor. the prohibition laws by the indirect method proposed by the Mary lander.

ExECUTIVE CHAMllEn, L~bor, in its special correspondence at that time, said: Madison, Wis., Decembet· 24, 19;rt. Evidently the wets have made little impression on Congress desPite Hon. W. W. HASTINGS, the vigorous fight they have been waging. Member oj Oongress, WMhington, D. a. MY DEAR MR. HASTINGS: Your letter of December 21, with a copy I think the article in the Baltimore Sun was a little more of the House Joint Resolution 70, is before me. har h with the new leader of the wet bloc than was entirely· I believe that the President and governors should have the power to fair. The situation was one that he was not entirely responsible veto separate items in an appropriation measure. May I give you a for in the small minority of votes that followed his leadership. personal experience with the last session of the Wisconsin Legislature: He is the leader of a forlorn hope. I have here a copy of the The legislature bad passed a regular university appropriation bill Minute Man of March 22, 1928. It is my impression that the to which a rider was added making an appropriation for the civil Minute Man bas at times carried in some of its editions the service commission. · Of course, there was no association between the statement that it is the organ of the association against the civil service commission and the university, but it was necessary for prohibition amendment in this State or that. My recollection me to either sign the bill as it was, or veto it. If it bad been possible may be at fault in that, but that is my recollection. This issue, for me to veto separate items I should certainly have vetoed the civil however, carries no statement that it is the official organ of service rider. anyone. It does carry the comforting assurance which they Our Wisconsin Progressives have always condemned the National evidently feel may be deemed necessary that "this magazine Congress for similar actions, but what I relate was accomplished .bY has no connection whatsoever with any liquor or other trade Wisconsin Progressives in the last legislature. intere t ." In that i sue, on page 18, is this statement. I am, indeed, in favor of granting the President and governors the The Minute Man, as I have been noting it for several years, power to veto separate items in appropriation bills. has seemed to be about the most active and influential of the With kind personal regards, I am yours sincerely, wet publications, and so an expression from this organ is FRED R. ZUIMEBMAN, Governor. entitled to weight as demonstrating the great lack of harmony that exists in this very small organization in the House and in THE WET BLOC IN CONGRESS the wet ranks generally. I read: The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. MAPES). The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. CRAMTON] is recognized for 10 minutes. The :Minute Man is and has always been of the opinion that in the Mr. CRAMTON. Mr. Speaker and gentlemen of the-House, law-enforcement provisions of the eighteenth amendment everything in common with the membership generally, I followed with demanded in Congress should be provided without any regard to any a great deal of interest the fine presentation of the feature of one's private opinions. We have never been in sympathy with the the President's veto power in connection with appropriations, very stupid " wet " bloc in the Hou e. which the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. HASTINGS] has I am not vouching for this article. I ~ quoting it ; and I given us. want my wet friends to understand that this is the language I now beg your indulgence while I take up a subject much of the article and not my language. removed from that question. It is perhaps a strange anomaly, Mr. LAGUARDIA. What statement is it? but it seems to be true, th~t no family is small enough to Mr. CRAMTON. The statement of the Minute Man. I take be immune from controversies and discord, and no Republic it that it is an editorial article. It is not signed. To resume; 5912 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 4 we· have never been in sympathy with the very stupid "wet" bloc So that you can not get lamb chops at anything under 60 cents in the House. The strategy aud the tactics employed from the very and roasting leg of lamb averaged about 45 cents a pound i~ beginning have done more harm to the iibet·al cause than all the dry New York City on la t Saturday. Calf's liver is up to 90 cents speeches in the CONGRI!lSSJONAL RECORD. Under foolish leadership it a pound in New York City. Calf's liver in Washington was has allowed itself to be maneuvered into record votes, each one progres about 80 cents a pound. Now, no one can assert there is any sively more one-sided than the one precedi.ng, resulting, of course in justification for such prices. · - the entirely just claim (based uPon record votes, of course) that Mr. COLTON. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield there? Congress is getting drier with each test. l\fr. LAGUARDIA. Yes. This wet bloc has never been countenanced by many really prominent Mr. COLTON. Lamb producers are contracting this next Members who, while equally detesting prohibition, have consistently year's crop at 10 and 10% cents a pound .Jive weight, so that voted with the drys. It is another case of heaven preserve us from the1·e must be a great spread between the producer and the our friends. consumer. I think that not too much of this responsibility should be l\Ir. LAGUARDIA. Yes. The gentleman is absolutely right. heaped upon the shoulders of my friend, the distinguished To make sure, after I recei ed these letters I had these surveys gentleman from 1.\!aryland [l\Ir. LINTHICUM]. I remember the made in the four counties of New York City by friends who roll call in question. If I am not mistaken, it was demanded are cooperating with me in an effort to bring about a readjust by the gentleman from New York [Mr. CAREW], whose relations ment of prices of meat in our city. are at least cordial with Tammany, and no doubt at least The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from New York cordial with Gov. Al Smith, the probable Democratic nominee has expired. for the Presidency. [Applause.] I think it will be significant Mr. LAGUARDIA. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to of what will follow in the Democratic campaign, that the little proceed for two additional minutes. applause at the mention of the name of the prospective Demo The SPEAKEU. The gentleman from New York asks unani cratic nominee was confined to two gentlemen on the front mous consent to proceed for two additional minutes. Is there sents. [Laughter.] . objection? The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman There was no objection. from Michigan has expired. 1\Ir. LAGUARDIA. Then I took the wholesale prices of lamb l\fr. CRAMTON. Mr. Speaker, may I have two minutes right in the city, because I was discussing tho e prices with more? M:r. Draper, of the Institute of American Meat Packers, and The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Michigan the retailers in Washington told me that what is known as asks unanimous consent to proceed for two minutes more. Is the choice lamb, the lamb we are supposed to eat around there objection? Easter time, will. average and doe average to-day about 33 to l\Ir. O'CONNOR of New York. Reserving the right to object, 34 cents a pound wholesale, that the price of the roast lamb 1\Ir. Speaker, will the gentleman inform us what subject he is will be from 40 cent to 45 cents a pound and chops from 60 discussing? cents to 65 cents a pound. l\1r. CRAMTON. The lack of harmony between the gentle · I believe it i a wholesome thing that these retail prices man and his friends of the wet bloc. [Laughter.] Mr. Speaker, should be made known and that we should di cuss them, be I will yield the floor. I will withdraw my request. cause, as the gentleman from Utah sugge ts, this stretch between THE IIIGH PRICE OF MEAT what the livestock men are getting and what we in the cities are paying is too big, out of all proportion, and there is some The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from New York thing wrong somewhere. [Mr. LAGuARDIA] is recognized for five minutes. Mr. SEGER. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. LAGUARDIA. Mr. Speaker, when the agricultural ap M:..r. LAGUARDIA. Yes. propriation bill was before the House I took occasion then, as l\1r. SEGER. Doe . not the gentleman believe that the hart I have done at other times, to complain about the high and age of lamb in the District is due to the great demand for lambs exorbitant price of meat, the retail price, in cities. Every time in Wall Sh·eet at this time? I make a statement on the high cost of meat I receive a lengthy l\Ir. LAGUARDIA. Yes. They have been shorn, have they letter from the Institute of American Meat Packers. This is not? the Washington office of the meat packers. They always close l\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimou con ·ent to in ert this letter their communication with the reque t that I inse~t their letter from the Institute of American Meat Packers. in the RECORD. I shall put their latest letter in the RECORD. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it is so ordered. They feel that my figure are incorrect. I feel that their figures There was no objection. are incorrect. I will leave it to the millions of housewives in The letter referred to follows : the country to decide who is right. Taking their own figures, I fail to see how they can justify the exorbitant high retail !NSTITU'l'E OF AMERICA " MEAT PACKERS, prices of meats in the city. I mean the actual prices people are WASHINGTON OFFICE, MUNSEY BUILDING, paying for meat. Washington, D. C., March 29, 1928. What they do is this: They assume an ideal state of facts for Hon. F. H. LAGUARDIA, themselves, and on that assumed state of facts they argue their U11ited States House of Rep1·esentatives, Washington, D. C. case. They talk about cheap grades of meat that are not at all DEAR Sra: Our attention has been directed to remarks which you available. · made March 3 in the House of Representatives on beef prices. In view Now, after receiving this letter from the representatives of of your interest in the subject, may we comment on several of the the meat packers in -washington I had a survey made in the topics which you discussed on that occasion? city of New York, in t}!e four of the five counties of the greater In the first place, you mention 75 cents a pound a.s belng the price city, New York County-that is, Manhattan-the Bronx, Kings of beefsteak. '.rhe steer, of course, is not all steak, and a price of 75 County-that is, Brooklyn-and Queens County, and I find that cents a pound for steak by no means represents the avet·age retail price the average cost of porterhouse steak was 65 cents a pound. of beef. The average cost of sirloin steak was 55 cents a pound; and I It may be possible that some retail dealers have been charging that fotmd that this meat that they talk about-plate beef, at 23 much for some cuts-porterhouse and sirloin steaks-but we feel cer cents-is theoretical, and you can not eat theoretical meat. tain that you will find that thet·e are many cuts of beef selling at far What few scraps some butcher will put on the block at the lower figures and that many retailers are selling steak at prices well lowest price I could find was offered at about 25 cents a pound, below 75 cents a pound. and it was of such an inferior quality that it was of absolutely Although packers sell at wholesale, we believe it only fait· to the no use to the average consumer. retailer to state the facts. Now, last week there was a sho;rtage of lambs in the city of '.rlle most recent retail meat price quotations fol' New York City, those washington. There was a shortage of lambs in New York City. issued by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics for December G, I believe lamb was purposely held back in order to shoot up 1927, show the following retail beef prices: prices. After receiving the letter from the American Institute Cents per pound. of Meat Packers, I communicated with l\lr. Draper and asked Sirloin steak------56. 6 Round steak------47. 1 him about the price of lamb. He told me then that the whole Rib roast------43.0 sale price of lamb to the retaile:r wa about 27 cents a pound. Chuck roast------29. 5 I have here in my hand a slip from the Cudahy Packing Co. Plate beef------23. 6 showing that on April 2 the wholesale price of lamb was 32 These prices, as you note, are well below 75 cents a pound. More cents a pound and that was not choice lamb. The lamb covered over, the five beef items listed here do not include a number of cuts by this invoice was a year old. The spring lamb, the choice which sell at even lower levels. The retail meat dealer is obliged to lamb, is wholesaling at 33 and 34 cents a pound in New York sell several of the cuts at or below the actual wholesale cost of the and Washington. That is the whole carcass, the whole ·animal. steer in order to move them at all, aud as a result it is necessa1·y for 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5913 him to charge higher prices for several of the cuts which are more in spective of the sky. To one who was so fortunate as to enjoy demand. that pleasure and honor, the romance of the conquest of the Although you referred in your talk to current retail meat prices air holds a grea.t appeal. in New York City, we believe that these prices are quite representa If you will forgive a personal reference, I recall a most tive. of the prices prevailing at the time your talk was made, inas dramatic story told to me by my father, Rev. J'osepb Guyer, much as beef-cattle prices and wholesale beef prices on December 15 were when I returned for the holiday vacation in the fall of 1895 slightly higher than they were around the 1st of March. fro~ the University of Kansas, where I was pursuing my legal In comparing these retail prices with wholesale prices, or with the studies. In October an old friend bad visited him in central co. t of live cattle, it must be borne in mind that beef cattle are not Kansas. They were boyhood and manhood friends preached all meat. The dres ing percentage in the packing plant averages about in the same church for over a quarter of a century' and were 54 per ce.nt. The remaining 46 per cent includes the by-products, which born in tb~ same year-1828-just a century ago. i remember arc sold, in most cases, at low prices, and also includes the shrinkage how my father laughed at Bishop Milton Wright because he and portions from . which no revenue is obtained. Moreover, when the said that his boys were going to perfect a flying machine that retailer buys a side of beef weighing 367 pounds, which is an average would fly; bow the venerable bishop had described that old weight, be receives 75 to 80 pounds of bones, suet, etc., part of which biplane ; bow the boys bad built a slide on the side of a sand be must trim from the meat be sells and for which be can get less dunQ; bow one of them would lie down on the lower part of the than cost. plane while the other pushed him off; and that when be These official figures which we have quoted indicate clearly, in our reached the bottom of the slide he bad gained sufficient mo opinion, that 75 cents a pound is far above the average retail price of mentum to keep the air, twenty-five, fifty, and sometimes a good beef. hundred feet. And then, with all the audacity and finality Beef prices are somewhat higher now than they have been in the of one who has demonstrated a proposition in geometry M.i1ton past, but as Secretary Jardine has pointed out in an official statement Wright exclaimed: ' issued recently: "The present beef prices * * • seem unduly high When Wilbur and Orville find an agent to drive that machine, they'll only becau e they are compared with ptices of the last few years, which fly like birds ! · were ruinously low to the cattle grower." At another point in your talk you urge cattle raisers to establish a That was where my father laughed. The whole world: more direct contact with consumers, and then say, "The producer is not laughed. Flying had been the jest of the ages ever since going to get a fair price, and the consumer will have to pay an ex Icarus blossomed out in Greek mythology. The highest ex pression of impossibility was: "You might just as well try to orbitant price." We should like to call your attention to reliable figures which indi fly," an expression so deeply rooted that it still persists in cate clearly that the cost of distributing meat and the profits of tile our language. packing industry are relatively small, and that the producer receives a You might just as well have told my father that they would relatively large share of the consumer's meat dollar. At the National invent a delicate little instrument that would reach out its invi ible arm across the continents and from the voiceless Distribution Conference, held in Washington in December, 1926, under silence of the air steal the music of a thousand orchestras the auspices of the United States Chamber of Commerce, it was shown and fling it back across the hemispheres to ravish the ear of that the slaughtering and meat-packing industry bad a lower cost of the earth in palace and cottage and hovel as to tell him that distribution than any of the other essential industries studied. You men would fly. You might as well have told him that this undoubtedly are familiar with this information which appears in the marvelous little instrument would stretch out its magic wand report of Committee IV of the National Distribution Conference, a and gather up the words of a hundred orators a thousand miles volume entitled " Expenses of Doing Business." away to charm the people with their eloquence as to tell him Furthermore, the most recent figures issued by the United States that men would fly. You might as well have told him that Bureau of the Census, those for 1925, showed that the meat-packing there was at that moment a boy over at Amherst College 23 industry pays out for raw materials, principally livestock, 85 per cent years of age who, on the 4th of March, in 1925, would stand out of the plant value of its product; the other 15 per cent goes to pay yonder on that historic old portico and whisper his message all operating expenses, including such items as interest, depreciation, to every nook and corner of this mighty land of ours as to overhead, rent, taxes, and a small manufacturing profit. tell him that men would fly. It should be borne in mind, however, that out of the money which I wonder what my father would have thought if, in a moment he receives from the packer for the sale of his livestock the producer of prophetic vision, Milton Wright would have told bim that must pay the expenses of raising, feeding, and transporting the before a third of a century bad fallen into the abyss of tb~ animals. past, a boy five and twenty years of age would in 33 hours wrap Furthermore, figures compiled and issued by the United States De- about his youthful brow the chaplet of immortal fame by con partment of Agriculture, following an extensive survey, show that re quering the old Atlantic and cheating its hungry billows, and tail meat dealers make an average profit of less than 3 per cent on land safely in the field of Le Bourget in Paris. sales. Mr. Speaker, what ai·e we going to do next? They tell me, In our opinion, these figures indicate clearly that the packing indus- sir, that they are going to dig down into the dusty archives of try is serving the livestock prodUcer economically and efficiently, and dead and forgotten centuries and reproduce the voices of those that the prices which the consumer pays for meat are entirely fair. whose tongues have been sealed by the silence of ,death for You also state in this talk that meat in New York City is a luxury. thou ands of years. They tell me that they will reproduce the We should like to point out that, while the prices of some beef cuts golden voice of him who hurled his thunderbolts at Phillip of may be relatively high, other beef cuts are selling at considerably lower Macedon. That they will reproduce the voice of Him whQ prices, as the figures just quoted indicate. Furthermore, practically walked by the side of the tideless sea of Galilee, of Him who all cuts of pork are wholesaling and retailing at levels which are from 15 to 40 per cent lower than a year ago. Measured by its food value whispered to all the world: and healthful properties, meat is one of our most eisential and valuable Suff'er little children to come unto me. foods and is in no sense a luxury. That they will tune in on the 18th of June in 1815 and, amid We venture the hope that you will bring these facts to tbe attention the thunder o~ Waterloo, they will bear the conqueror of Na of your colleagues in the House of Representatives. poleon pray, as be looked at his watch : " Ob ! for night or Very truly yours, Bliicber." And maybe we will find out if be said it, for no INSTITGTE OF AMERICAN MEAT PACKERS, Englishman ever admitted that he said anything of the kind. NORMA..~ DRAPER, Washington Representative. That they will pick up the 19th of November in 1863, and over LEAVE OF ABSENCE yonder, on the soil of old Gettysburg, made sacred by the blood By unanimous consent, leave of absence was granted- of our fathers, will bear a heart-broken voice begin: To Mr. SuMMERS of Washington (at the request of Mr. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this !LillLEY), for four days, on account of necessary absence from continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the propo the city. sition that all men are created equal. To l\lr. TILLMAN, indefinitely, on account of serious illness in Impossible! you say. Of course it is impossible. That was family. precisely what my father told Milton Wright in October, 1895, l\Ir. Mr. McKEowN", for five days, on account of illness in about the airplane. There is nothing impossible if the intellect family. of man centers upon it and thinks and dreams about it long THE AIRPLANE, THE RADIO, .AND THE POSSIRILITIES OF THE FUTUBE enough. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas [Mr. GUYER] For a thousand years before our fathers founded this blessed is recognized for 10 minutes. country of ours the great minds of the earth were centered upon Mr. GUYER. Mr. Spe-aker, a week ago many Me-mbers of one colossal· question-" What are the rights of man? " Bow Congress, through the courtesy and generosity of Colonel Lind far can arbitrary power trample upon the rights of the individ bergh, bad the pleasure of seeing Washington from :the per- ual? How far can the individual disregard the rights of 5914 CONGR.ESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL· 4 society? Then, one day, a tall, tawny-haired son of old Virginia H. R. 7367. An act to authorize the incorporated town of sat down at a colonial table and in four hours wrote an the Seward, Alaska, to issue bonds in any sum not exeeeding conclusions of a thom~ and years of thinking into the Declaration $50,000 for the purpose of constructing and equipping a public of Independence, and thJ:~.t question was forever settled. school building in the town of Seward, Alaska ; I repeat it, there is nothing impossible. If you have any H. R. 8542. An act to provide for the construction of a hos respect for your reputation as a prophet, erase that word "im pital at the Fort Bidwell Indian Cchool, Calif.; possible" from your vocabulary. There is nothing impossible H. R. 8543. An act to provide for the construction of a school for America as long as she is filled with youth that looks .straight building at the Fort Bidwell Indian School, Calif.; into the sun, that gazes across the far and radiant stretches of H. R. 8887. An act for the relief of Victorina Me a, of Cavite, the sky, clear-eyed, clean-lived, lion-hearted, like that uncon P. I.; and querable Viking of the air, like that incomparable eaglet, H. R. 10083. An act to provide for advances of funds by unafraid. special disbursing agents in connection with the enforcement MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT of acts relating to narcotic drugs. Sundry messages in writing from the President of the United On March 29: States were presented to the Hou e of Representatives by Mr. H. J. Res. 126. Joint resolution to provide for the entry Latta, one of his secretaries, who also announced that on the under bond of exhibits for display at the Pacific Southwest following date the President approved and signed bills of the Exposition to be held in commemoration of the landing of the House of the following titles : Spanish padres in the Pacific Southwest and the opening of the On March 21, 1928 : Long Beach, Calif., world port, and fot other purpo. es; H. R. 4964. An act to authorize the city of Muskogee, Okla., H. R. 445. An act authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to remove and retain title to the boilers from the Municipal to enter into a cooperative agreement or agreements with the Ho pital Building recently conveyed by the city to the United State of Montana and private owners of lands within the State States Veterans' Bureau Hospital No. 90, at Muskogee, Okla. of Montana for grazing and range development, and for other On March 23, 1928 : purposes; H. R. 10286. An act making appropriations for the military . H. R. 7927. An act granting the consent of Congress to the and nonmilitary activities of the War Department for the fiscal Louisiana Highway Commission of the State of Louisiana to con year ending June 30, 1929, and for other purposes. " struct, maititain, and operate a bridge across the Atchafalaya On March 24, 1928 : River at Melville, La.; H. R. 10954. An act to authorize the Secretary of the Treasmy H. R. 7198. An act authorizing Henry Thane, his heirs, legal to execute agreements of indemnity to the Union Trust Co., representatives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate Providence, R. I., and the National Bank of Commerce, Phila a bridge across the Mississippi River ; · delphia, Pa. ; H. R. 8093. An act for the relief of John Rooks ; H. J. Res.175. Joint resolution to change the name of _the H. R. 8897. An act to revive and reenact the act entitled "An Ancon Hospital, in the Panama Canal Zone, to the Gorgas act granting the consent of Congress to the city of Chicago to Hospital ; and construct a bridge across the Calumet River at or near One hun H. R. 5255. An act for the relief of Jacob F. Webb. dred and thirtieth Street in the city of Chicago, county of Cook, On March 26, 1928 : State of Illinois," approved March 21, 1924; H. R. 232. An act to amend the act of June 7, 1924, prescrib H. R. 9350. An act granting the consent of Congress to Frank ing the persons entitled to the benefits of the National Home for E. 1\Ierrill, carrying on business under the name and style of Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, and the method of their admission Frank E. Merrill & Co.'s Algonquin Shores Realty Trust, to thereto; con truct, maintain, and operate a footbridge across the Fox H. R. 5500. An act to establish a national military park at River; the battle field of Fort Donelson, Tenn. ; and H. R. 9361. An act granting the consent of Congress to the H. R.10027. An act to authorize the transfer of a portion of city of St. Charles, State of Illinois, to widen, maintain, and the Hospital Re ervation of the United States Veterans' Hgs operate a bridge across the Fox River within the city of St. pital No. 78, North Little Rock, .Ark., to the Big Rock Stone & Charles, State of Illinois; Material Co., and the transfer of certain land from the Big H. R. 9761. An act to extend the time for completing the con Rocl{ Stone & Material Co. to the United States. struction of a bridge across the Monongahela River at or near On March 27, 1928 : Pittsburgh, Pa. ; H. R. 356. An act to amend section 2 of the act of March 3, H. R. 9773. An act granting the consent of Congre s to the 1905, entitled "An act to ratify and amend an agreement with Manufacturers' Electric Terminal Railway, its successors and the Indians residing on the ShOShone or ·w ·ind River Indian assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Re ervation, in the State of Wyoming, .and to make appropiia Missouri River at or near the mouth of the Big Blue River, in tions to carry the same into effect " ; Jackson County, Mo. ; H. R. 8311. An act to provide for the naming of a mountain or H. R. 9946. An act to extend the times for commencing and peak within the boundarie~ of the Lassen Volcanic National completing the construction of a bridge across the Wabash River Park, Calif., in honor of Hon. John E. Raker, deceased; at 01' near Mount Carmel, Ill. ; H. R. 9031. An act to provide further for the disposal of abandoned military reservations in the Territory of Alaska, H. R. 9964. An act authorizing E. L. Higdon, of Baldwin including Signal Corps stations and rights of way; County, Ala., his heirs, legal repre entatives, and as ign to H. J. Res. 211. Joint resolution to amend Public Resolution construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across Perdido Bay No. 65, approved 1\Iarch 3, 1925, authorizing the pa1·ticipation of at or near Bear Point, Baldwin County, Ala.; the United States Government in the international exposition H. R. 10025. An act to extend the time for completing the con to be held in Seville, Spain ; struction of a bridge across the Monongahela River at or near H. R. 926. An act for the relief of Jennie Roll ; Cliff Street, McKeesport, Pa. ; H. R. 3145. An act for the relief of Willis B. Cross ; H. R. 10143. An act granting the consent of Congress to the H. R. 3673. An act for the relief of 1\Iaj. :E'. Ellis Reed; Louisiana Highway Commission to construct, maintain, and H. R. 4203. An act for the relief of A. S. Guffey ; operate a free highway bri.dge across the Sabine RiYer at or H. R. 7110. An act for the relief of Frances L. Dickinson ; near Merryville, La., on the Merryville-Newton highway; H. R. 7932. An act to authorize appropriations for construc H. R.10144. An act authorizing the B & P Bridge Co., its suc tion a t. military posts, and for other purposes ; and ce sors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge H. R. 8824. An act to provide for the protection of the water aero s the Rio Grande River at or near Zapata, Tex.; shed within the Carson National Forest from which water is H. R. 10373. An act authorizing the Plattsmouth Bridge Co., obtained for the Taos Pueblo, N. Mex. its successors and assign , to construct, maintain, and operate On March 28, 1928 : a bridge across the Missouri River at or near Plattsmouth, II. R. 7944. An act to authorize appropriations for construc Nebr.; tion at military posts, and for other purpo es ; H. R.l0424.. An act authorizing John C. Mullen, T. L. Davie , H. R. 173. An act to provide funds for the upkeep of the John H. Hutching , and Virgil Falloon, all of Falls City, Nebr., Puyallup Indian Cemetery at Tacoma, Wa h. ; their heirs, legal repre entatives, and assigns, to con trnct, main H. R. 308. An act authorizing an appropriation for th~ survey tain, and operate a bridge across the Missouri RiYer at or near and investigation of the placing of water on the Michaud divi Rulo, Nebr.; . sion and other lands in the Fort Hall Indian Reservation ; H. R.10566. An act granting the consent of Congress to the H. R. 340. An act to authorize the incorporated town of An city of Peoria, Peoria County, IlL, to construct, ·maintain; and chorage, Alaska, to issue bonds for the construction and equip operate a free highway bridge across the Illinois Ri-re~ at or ment of an additional ~chool building, and for other p~rpo~ ; ne~r Peo!ia, Dl. ; ·1928 ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5915 H. R.10658. An act authorizing the Interstate Bridge Co., its I do not blame the gentleman from.Michigan from glorifying successors and assigns, to ronstr.uct, maintain, and operate a iJi the result of· the roll call. He is an extremist. The gentle blidge across the Missouri River at or near Decatur, Nebr.; man from Michigan is the presiding elder of the Borgia bloc H. R.10707. An act autholizing the Point Marion Community in the House. Naturally, they glorify in the fact they can Club, of Point Marion, Pa., its successors and assigns, to con continue poisoning the American people. Let the men who struct, maintain, and operate a blidge across the Monongahela voted on that question go back to their constituents and say Ri>er at or near Point 1\lalion, Pa.; they voted to spend the public money on poisoning the American H. R. 10756. An act authorizing the State of Indiana to con people in the interest of enforcement of prohibition. struct, maintain, and operate a toll bridge across the Miami I think the gentleman from New York [Mr. CAREw] when he River between Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, Ind., and a demanded a roll call did a ve1·y noteworthy thing in the progress point in Hamilton County, Ohio, near Columbia Park, Hamilton of this proposition. He got a record of this House on the County, Ohio; and extremists among the drys. Some men will have to go back H. R.10806. An act authorizing the city of Atchison, Kans., to their constituents and say to their constituents, "At a roll and the county of Buchanan, l\1o., or either of them, to construct. call on whether or not the Government should be allowed to maintain, and operate a toll bridge across the l\1issouli River poison the great, free American people, I, an American Con at or near Atchison, Kans. gressman, cringing to the Anti-Saloon League, losing my self On March 30, 1928 : respect, forgetting that I owed it to the people to be with them, H. R. 6094. An act to amend section 7 of public act No. 45, voted to permit the Prohibition Bureau to send out poison Sixty-ninth Congress, entitled "An act authorizing the use for through the friends of prohibition, the bootleggers, to the Ameri permanent construction at military posts of the proceeds from can people." the sale of surplus War Department real property, and author We never had bootleggers before we had prohibition. Bear izing the sale of certain military reservations, and for other that in mind, gentlemen of the Borgia bloc. purposes " ; · CONFERENCE OF CO -ciLIATION AND ARBITRATION (S. DOC. NO. 79) H. R. 7224. An act to extend the time for the refunding of cer The SPEAKER laid before the House the following message tain legacy taxes erroneously collected; and from the President of the United States, which was read, and H. R. 367. An act to authorize the settlement of the indebted with accompanying papers referred to the Committee on For ne.. s of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slo>enes. eign ~airs and ordered to be printed. On March 31, 1928 : H. R. 9860. An act to amend the act of April 25, 1922, as To the Congress of tl~te United Sta.tes : amended, entitled "An act authorizing extensions of time for I commend to the favorable consideration of the Congress the the payment of purchase money due under certain homestead inclosed report from the Secretary of State to the end that entries and Government-land purchases within the former legislation may be enacted requesting (1) the President to Cheyenne River and Standing Rock Indian Reservations, N. Dak. extend to the Republics of America an in>itation to attend a and S. Dak." Conference of Conciliation and Arbitration tQ be held at Wash On April 2, 1928 : ington during 1928, for the purpose of drawing up a conven H. J. Res. 217. Joint resolution ·providing for the remission of tion for the realization of the principle of arbitration for the duties on certain cattle which have crossed the boundary line pacific solution of their international differences of a juridical into foreign countries and for other purposes; nature which was adopted in the resolution passed at the Sixth H. J. Res. 245. Joint resolution to make immediately avail International Conference of Americap States; (2) the authori able the appropriation for a road across the Kaibab Indian zation of an appropriation of $60,000 for the expenses of such Reservation ; a conference. H. J . Res. 253. Joint resolution authorizing certain customs CALVIN CooLIDGE. officials to administer oaths ; and THE WHITE HOUSE, Apri.l 3, 1928. H. R. 8326. An act to authorize the construction of a dormi Mr. MOORE of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I call attention to tory at Riverside Indian School at Anadarko, Okla. the fact that this morning a resolution reported by the Com THE ~BLOC mittee on Foreign Affairs making provision for what the President recommends in the message just read was passed by Mr. BLACK of New York. l\1r. Speaker, I ask una.nimous consent to address the House for five minutes. the House. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR REVISION OF THE COI\'VENTION OF gentleman from New York. 1914 FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA (S. DOO. NO. 80) There was no objection. The SPEAKER also laid before the House the following Mr. BLACK of New Iork. ·Mr. Speaker and gentlemen of the message from the President of the United States, which was Hou~e. I wt..s very much impressed with the address of the last read and with accompanying papers refen-ed to the Committee speaker, especially toward its conclusion when he referred to on Foreign Affairs and ordered to be printed : govemments trampling on the rights of men, and his friendly To the Congress of the United States: reference to the great Democrat, Jefferson. I would that we had another Jefferson so that we could have another declara I commend to the favorable consideration of the Congress tion of independence which is sadly needed in this country, as the inclosed report from the Secretary of State, to the end that emphasized by the speech of a preceding speaker, the gentle- legislation may be enacted to authorize an appropriation of man from Michigan, [Mr. CRAMTON]. · $100,000 for the expenses of participation by the United States The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. CRAMTON], makes the in the International Conference for the Revision of the Con point that the wet bloc is divided in itself. Well, of course, it vention of 1914 for the Safety of Life at Sea, to be held in is divided. It is an independent, liberal, intelligent, thinking London, England, in 1929. bloc, and necessarily has divisions. The dry bloc, on the other CALVIN COOLIDGE. hand, represents just a dry chain gang under the whip of an out THE WHITE HOUSE, April 3, 1928. - sido organization called the Anti-Saloon League. But there ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED are divisions among the drys too-not making aqy reference to 1\:lr. CAMPBELL, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re the drys in this House. They are divided in this way. First of ported that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills all, and the main division, are those who get it and those who do of the following titles, when the Speaker signed the same: not get it. Then there is another division, the drys with a Bible H. R . 4115. An act for the relief of Winfield Scott; and a flask in the back pocket and the drys with two flasks in H. R. 4116. An act for the relief of W. Laurence Hazard; the back pocket. H. R. 4117. An act for the relief of Harriet K. Carey; Speaking of roll calls, give us a roll call on the main question. H. R.11140. An act to provide for the inspection of the battle You have packed committees in this House against the people field of Kings Mountain, S. C. ; and of this country having a roll call on the question. Give us a H. R.12245. An act to amend the War Finance Corporation roll call on straight modification and you will see the drys act approved April 5, 1918, as amended. blow up and scatter to the four winds on such a roll call The SPEAKER also announced his signature to enrolled The gentleman spoke of the farm bloc. The farm bloc itself bills of the Senate of the following titles : has surrendered to the dry bloc and the Anti-Saloon League in S. 380. An act for the relief of Charles H. Niehaus ; this House. I defy the farm bloc of the Congress to go back to S. 2537. An act to amend section 110, national defense act, the farmers and tell them what they have lost in barley and so as to provide better administrative procedure in the dis hops since prohibition. Show them the figures that come from bursements for pay of National Guard officers and enlisted official sources and see how lcmg they will last. men; LXIX--373 5916 CONGRESSIONAL RECOl-\D-HO.USE APRD.J 4

S. 2827. An act granting the consent of Congress to the States the pay and allowances of the commissioned and enlisted person~ of South Dakota and Nebraska to con truct, maintain, and nel of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Coast and operate a bridge across the Mis ouri River at or near Niobrara, Geodetic Sm·vey, and Public Health Service " ; without amend~ Nebr.; ment (Rept. No. 1126). Referred to the Committee of the S. 2950. An act to amend the second paragraph of section 67, Whole House on the state of the Union. · n ational defense act, as amended ; Mr. RAMSEYER : Committee on the Post Office and Post: S. 3131. An act to pr ovide additional pay for per onnel of the Roads. H. R. 7354. A bill to allow the Postmaster General to United States Navy assigned to duty on submarines and to promote mechanics' helpers to the first grade of special mechan~ diving duty; and ics; with amendment (Rept. No. 1127). Referred to the S. 3558. An act authorizing Point Pleasant & Henderson Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union. Bridge Co., its succesS<>rs and assigns, to construct, maintain, Mr. RAMSEYER: Committee on the Post Office and Post and operate a bridge across the Kanawha River at or near Roads. H. R. 8728. A bill to authorize the Postmaster Gen· Point Pleasant, W. Va. eral to give motor-vehicle service employees credit for actual ADJOURNMENT time served on a basis of 1 year for each 306 days of 8 hours :Mr. TILSON. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now served as substitute; with amendment (Rept. No. 1;1..28). Re- adjourn. ferred to the CoiQID.ittee of the Whole House on the state of the The motion was agreed to; accordingly (at 2 o'clock and 15 Union. minutes p. m.) the House adjourned until to-morrow, Thursday, 1\lr. PERKINS: Committee on Coinage, Weights, and 1\Ieas. April 5, 1928, at 12 o'clock noon. ures. H. R. 8907. A bill to fix standards for hampers, round stave baskets, and splint baskets for fruits and vegetables, COMMITTEE HEARINGS and for other purpo es; with amendment (Rept. No. 1129). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the state of Mr. TILSON submitted the following tentative list of com the Union. mittee bearings scheduled for Thursday, April 5, 1928, as Mr.. KENDALL: Committee on the Post Office and Post reported- to the floor leader by clerks of the several committees: Roads. H . R. 12605. A bill to enable the Postmaster General COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE to purchase and erect community mail boxes on' rural routes and (10 a. m .) to rent compartments of such boxes to patrons of rm·al de· To provide for the eradication of pink bollworm and author livery; with amendment (Rept. No. 1130). Referred to the izing an appropriation therefor (H. J. Res. 237). Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union. Mr. PERKINS: Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Meas· COMMITTEE ON EXPE~DITURES IN THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS ures. H. J. Res. 243. A joint resolution to provide for the ( 10.30 a. m.) coinage of a medal commemorative of the achievements of To provide for the transfer to the Department of the Interior Thomas A. Edison in illuminin·g the path of progress through of the public-works functions of the Federal Government (H. R. the development and application of inventions that have revolu~ 8127). tionized civilization in the last century; with amendment (Rept. COMMITTEE ON INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN COMMERCE No. 1131). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on (10 a.m.) the state of the Union. Mr. PERKINS: Committee on Coinage, Weight , an'd 1\Ieas~ To amend the act entitled "An act to create the Inland Water ures. H. R. 43. A bill to amend the act entitled "An act to ways Corporation for the purpose of carrying out the mandate standardize lime barrels," approved August 23, 1916; without and purpose of Congress, as expressed in sections 201 and 500 amendment (Rept. No. 1132). Referred to the House Calendar. of the transportation act," approved June 3, 1924 (H. R. 10710). Mr. WOLVERTON: Committee on Naval Affairs. H. R . COMMITTEE ON NAVAL· AFFAIRS 5644. A bill to enable an enlisted man in the naval service to (10.30 a. m.) make good time lost in excess of one day under certain condi· To authorize the Secretary of the Navy to lease the United tion ; with amendment (Rept. No. 1135). Referred to the States naval destroyer and submarine base, Squantum, Mass. House Calendar. ...._. (H. R. 11922). Mr. VINSON of Georgia: Committee on Naval Affairs. H. R. 11621. . A bill to authorize the Secretary of the Navy to advance COMMITTEE ON THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA-SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE public funds to naval personnel under certain conditions; with· JUDICIARY out amendment (Rept. No. 1136) . Refen-ed to the House (10.30 a. m.) Calendar. · To amend subchapte1· 1 of chapter 18 of the Code of Laws for Mr. FENN: Committee on the Census. H. R. 11725. A bill the District of Columbia relating to degree-conferring institu for the apportionment of Representatives in Congress; without tions (H. R. 7951). amendment (Rept. No. 1137). Referred to the House Calendar. COMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION t 10.30 a. m.) REPORTS OF COl\fl\IITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND To amend the immigration act of 1924 by making the quota RESOLUTIONS provisions tpereof applicable to Mexico, Cuba, Canada, and the Under clau. e 2 of Rule XIII, countries of continental America and adjacent islands (H. R. Mr. BURDICK: Committee on Naval Affairs. S. 2442. An 6465). act for the relief of Lieut. Henry C. Weber, Medical Corps, COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY United States Navy; with amendment (Rept. NQ. 1133). Re~ (10 a.m.) ferred to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. STEELE : Committee on Claims. H. R. 8440. A bill for For the relief of the State of North Carolina (S. 3097). the relief of F. C. Wallace ; with amendment ( Rept. No. 1134). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. 426. Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, a letter from the Secre CHANGE OF REFERENCE tary of War, transmitting report from the Chief of Engineers Under clause 2 of Rule XXII the Committee on Claims was on preliminary examination and survey of Waymouth Fore discharged from the consideration of the bill (H. R. 12666) for River, Mass., from Hingham Bay to Quincy, was taken from the relief of William S. Shacklette, and the same was referred the Speaker's table and referred to the Committee on Rivers to the Committee on Naval Affairs. and Harbors. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. ON PUBLIC BILLS AND Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, public bills and resolutions RESOLUTIONS were introduced and severally referred as follow : Under clause 2 of Rule XIII: By Mr. CLANCY: A bill (H. R. 12674) authorizing the Presi Mr. GAMBRILL: Committee on Naval Affairs. H. R. 5548. dent of the United States to present in the name of Congress a A bill to authorize payment of six months' death gratuity to congressional medal of honor to Capt. Edward V. Rickenbacker; dependent relatives of officers, enlisted ~en, or purses whose to the Committee on Military Affairs. death results from wounds or disease not resulting from their By Mr. McLEOD: A bill (H. R. 12675) authorizing the Presi~ own misconduct; with amendment (Rept. No. 1125). Referred dent of the United States to present in the name of Congress a to the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the congressional medal of honor to Oapt. Edward V. Rickenbacker; Union. to the Committee on 1\filitary Affairs. Mr. VINSON of Georgia: Committee on Naval Affairs. H. By Mr. PARKS : A bill (H. R. 12676) to amend section 2 of R. 5718. A bill to amend the act entitled "An act to readjust an act approved February 14, 1926, granting consent of Con- 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5917 gress for the construction of a bridge across Red River at or By Mr. WOODRUM: A bill (H. R. 12696) to increase the near Fulton, Ark. ; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign compensation for certain civilian employees of the Government Commerce. , of the United States and the District of Columbia, and to amend Also, a bill (H. R. 12677) to amend section 2 of an act the salary rates contained in the classification act of 1923 as appro-ved March 12, 1928, granting cansent of Congress for the amended; to the Committee on the Civil Service. construction of a bridge across the Ouachita River at or near By Mr. ZIHLMAN: A bill (H. R. 12697) to amend the Code Calion, Ark. ; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign of Laws of the District of Columbia relating to interest and Commerce. usury"; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. By :Mr. RAINEY: A bill (H. R. 12678) authorizing the Cal- houn Bridge Co., an Illinois corporation, its successors and PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions Illinois River at or near Grafton, Ill. ; to the Committee on were introduced and severally referred as follows : Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. ALLGOOD: A bill (H. R. 12698) granting an in By l\Ir. COCHRAN of Missouri: A bill (H. R. 12679) to crease of pension to Nancy Ellis; to the Committee on Invalid prohibit the recovery of any indebtedness to the United States PenRions. from either the principal or the interest due and payable to any depo itor from the military or naval service whose savings By Mr. BEERS: A bill (H. R. 12699) granting an increase were intrusted to the Government under provisions of existing of pension to Fannie Stevens; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. law; to the Committee on Expenditmes in the Executive Also, a biU (H. R. 12700) granting an increase of pension to Departments. By l\Ir. BUSHONG: A bill (H. R. 12680) authorizing an ap Mary A. Booth; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. BUCHANAN: A bill (H. R. 12701) for the relief of propriation of $2,500 for the erection of a tablet or marker at Weiser Park, ra., to commemorate the services of Conrad the Taylor Counh·y Club, Taylor, Tex.; to the Committee on 'Yeiser; to the Committee on the Library. Claims. By 1\Jr. BRIGGS: A bill (H. R. 12681) to authorize a survey Also, a bill (H. R. 12702) for the relief of the Brenham Club, of W'est Galveston Bay, Tex., and adjacent waters, and for Brenham, Tex. ; to the Committee on Claims. other pmposes; to the Committee on Hivers and Harbors. By Mr. BUSHONG: A bill (H. R. 12703) granting ao in By 1\Ir. CELLER: A bill (H. R. 12682) to amend section 283 crelise of pension to Isabella Reedy; to the Committee on of the Judicial Code, same being section 420, title 28, of the Invalid Pensions. Code of Laws of the United States of America, in force De By Mr. CARTWRIGHT: A bill (H. R. 12704) for the relief cember 6, 1!)26; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of Franklin Bourland; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. By Mr. CRAIL: A bill (H. R. 12683) to regulate the ship By Mr. COHEN: A bill (H. R. 12705) for the relief of Lust ment in interstate commerce of pistols, revolvers, rifles, and bader Construction Co. (Inc.) ; to the Committee on Claims. machine guns, and ammunition which may be used therein; to By l\Ir. COLTON: A bill (H. R. 12706) for the relief of the the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. town of Springdale, Utah; to the Committee on the Public By Mr. FULMER: A bill (H. R. 12684) authorizing an appro Lands. priation of $2,000 for the erection of a tablet or marker, near By Mr. EDWARDS: A bill (H. R. 12707) for the relief of Leesville, S. C., to commemorate the burial place of Capt. James Julius Victor Keller; to the Committee on Military Affairs. By 1\Ir. HOY G. FITZGERALD: A bill (H. R. 12708) for the Butler, sr., James Butler, jr., and the 20 American soldiers relief of John H. Lawler; to the Committee on Military Affairs. killed and massacred in the Battle of Clouds Creek in 1781; By Mr. W. T. FITZGERALD: A bill (H. R. 12709) granting to the Committee on the Library. an increase of pension to Mary W. Plank; to the Committee Also, a bill (H. R. 12685) to amend an act entitled "An act on Invalid Pensions. to divide the eastern district of South Carolina into four di By 1\lr. FRENCH: A bill (H. R. 12710) granting a pension visions and the western district into five divisions" by adding to John Bivens; to the Committee on Pensions. a new division to the eastern district and providing for terms of Also, a bill (H. R. 12711) for the relief of certain members said court to be held at Orangeburg, S. C.; to the Committee of a trail crew employed by the Forest Sen·ice; to the Com on the Judiciary. mittee on Claims. By Mr. HAWLEY: A bill (H. R. 12686) authorizing the Sec By 1\Ir. FULMER: A bill (H. R. 12712) granting a pension retary of 'Var to accept from Sedgwick Post, No. 10, Grand to Lula Gardner Crouch; to the Committee on Pensions. Army of the Republic, a tract of land designated as soldiers' Also, a bill (H. R. 12713) granting a pension to Ida C. lot in the City View Cemetery, Salem, Oreg. ; to the Committee Watson ; to the Committee on Pensions. on Military Affairs. By Mr. HARDY: A bill (H. R. 12714) for the relief of the By l\Ir. HAUGEN: A bill (H. R. 12687) to establish a Federal Rocky Ford National Bank, Rocky Ford, Colo.; to the Com farm board to aid in the orderly marketing and in the control mittee on Claims. and disposition of the surplus of agricultural commodities in Also, a bill (H. R. 12715) for the relief of the Hocky Ford interstate and foreign commerce; to the Committee on Agri National Bank, Rocky Ford, Colo.; to the Committee on Claims. culture. By 1\lr. JENKINS: A bill (H. R. 12716) granting an increase By Mr. JAl\IES: A bill (H. R. 12688) to authorize appropria of pension to Rebecca l\I. Spires; to the Committee on Invalid tions for construction at military posts, and for other purposes; Pensions. to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. KE:l\TDALL: A bill (H. R. 12717) granting a pension Also, a bill (H. R. 12689) authorizing the sale of surplus War to Elizabeth McCuen; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Department real property at Jeffersonville, Ind.; to the Com By Mr. KORELL : A bill (H. R. 12718) granting an increase mittee on Military Affairs. of pension to Helen M. Barnes; to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. MILLER: A bill (H. R. 12690) to amend the nar Pensions. cotic ili'ugs import and export act of May 26, 1922, and for By Mr. LOZIER: A bill (H. R. 12719) granting a pension to other purposes; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Louis Annamiller; to the Committee on Invaild Pensions. By Mr. OLDFIELD: A bill (H. R. 12691) to provide for the By Mr. McLAUGHLIN: A bill (H. R. 12720) granting a pen further development of agriculture, home economics, and in sion to Nora Porter; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. dustry; to the Committee on Education. By Mr. MAJOR of Illinois: A bill (H. R. 12721) granting an By Mr. PEERY: A bill (H. R. 12692) to amend the ·inter increase of pension to Susan Jane Kessinger; to the Committee state commerce act, as amended; to the Committee on Inter on Invalid Pensions. state and Foreign Commerce. B;y Mr. RUBEY: A bill (H. R. 12722) granting a pension to By Mr. REED of New York: A bill (H. R. 12693) to define Joseph M. Cameron ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. fruit jams, preserves, jellies, and other products, to provide By 1\Ir. STEVENSON: A bill (H. R. 12723) granting a pen standards therefor, and to require the labeling thereof, and sion to Otho W. Thomas; to the Committee on Pensions. to regulate traffic therein, and for other purposes ; to the Com Also, a bill (H. R. 12724) granting a pension to Martha mittee on Agriculture. Henkle Beckham ; to the Committee on Pensions. By Mrs. ROGERS: A bill (H. R. 12694) authorizing the Sec By Mr. STRONG of Kansas: A bill (H. R. 12725) granting retary of the Navy to provide an escort for the bodies of de an increase of pension to John 0. Lind; to the Committee on ceased officers, enlisted men, and nmses ; to the Committee on Pensions. Naval Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 12726) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. VESTAL: A bill (H. R. 12695) to authorize the Mary J. Jenness; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. licemdng of patents owned by the United States; to the Com By Mr. SWANK: A bill (H. R. 12727) for the relief of mittee on Patents. Caesar F. Simmons; to the Committee on Claims. 5918 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-_ HOUSE APRIL 4 By Mr. TAYLOR of Tennessee: A bill (H. R. 12728) granting 6385. Also, resolution of Division 268, Amalgamated Associa a pension to Frank Sutton ; to the Committee on Pensions. tion of Street and Electric Ra ilway Workers of America, at a By Mr. VINSON of Kentucky: A bill (H. R. 12729) granting meeting held March 28, 1928, favoring the Dale-~hlbach retire a pension to Susan Lewis ; to the Committee on Invalid Pen ment bill (H. R. 25 and S. 1727) ; to the Committee on the sions. Civil Service. 6386. Also, resolution of Criterion Lodge, No. 68, Knights of PETITIONS, ETC. Pythias., Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting held March 26, 1928, fav Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were Llid oring the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 and S. 1727) ; on the Clerk's desk and referred as follow : to- the Committee on the Civil Service. 6365. Petition of Federation of Citizens' Associations of the 6387. Also, re olution of Subcourt Banner, No. 360, Independ District of Columbia, David Babp, secretary, relating to the ent Order of Foresters, Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting held farmers' market in the District of Columbia ; to the Commit March 27, 1928, indorsing the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill tee on the District of Columbia. (H. R. 25 and S. 1727) ; to the Committee on the Civil Service. 6366. P etition signed by Isabella Miller and 71 other citizens 6388. Also, resolution of Carpenters Local No. 1365, Cleveland, of Trinidad, Colo., urging enactment of legislation to increase Ohio, at a meeting held March 14, 1928, indorsing the Da~e the pensions of Civil War veterans and their widows; to the Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 and S. 1727) ; to the Com Committee on Invalid Pensions. mittee on the Civil Service. 6367. By Mr. BACON: Petition of sundry citizens of Long 6389. Also, resolution of Goddess of Liberty Council 62, Island, favoring the passage of House bill 11410, to amend the Daughters of America, Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting of March national prohibition act; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 26, 1928, favoring the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 6368. By Mr. BARBOUR: Resolution adopted by Grant Post, and S. 1727) ; to the Committee on the Civil Service. No. 9, Grand Army of the Republic, Department of. California 6390. Also, resolution of Owatonna Lodge No. 62, Knights of and Nevada, and affiliated organizations of Modesto, Calif., Pythias, Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting held Uarch 26, 1928, protesting against change of name of Arlington M~morial indorsing the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 and Bridge to Lincoln-Lee Bridge; to the Committee on the S. 1727) ; to the Committee on the Civil Service. Library. 6391. By Mr. CARSS : Petition of 49 residents of Two Har 6369. Also, letter of affiliated organizations of the Grand bors, Minn., favoring the National Tribune's Civil War pension Army of the Republic in the city of Fresno, Calif., urging in bill ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . creased .pensions for Civil War veteJ;ans and widows; to the 6392. By Mr. CURRY: Petition of citizens of the third Committee on Invalid Pensions. California district, for the abolishing of the national or1gins 6370. Also, petition signed by residents of F.resno, Calif., urg law; to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. ing enactment of the Tyson-Fitzgerald bill, for the retirement 6393. By Mr. GARBER: Petition of Federal Steam Specialties of emergency Army officers; to the Committee on World War Co., by J. C. Fullerton, secretary, of Oklahoma City, .Okla., in Veterans• Legislation. opposition to House bill 9949, repeal of the present bankruptcy 6371. By Mr. BRIGGS: Petition of a number of citizens of act; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Galveston County, Tex., relating to pensions; to the Committee 639-i. Also, petition of Herman Olson, of Henryetta, Okla., in on Invalid Pensions. support of House bills 97 and 8143 ; to the Committee on 6372. Also, petition of a number of citizens of Galveston World War Veterans' Legislation. County, Tex., relating to pensions; to the Committee on Invalid 6395. Also, petition of residents of Medford, Okla., urging Pensions. the enactment of legi lation for the relief of the Civil War 6373. By Mr. BURTNESS: Letter of E. A. Erickson, secre veterans and widows ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. tary-treasurer Farmers' .Mutual Fire & Lightning Insurance 6396. By 1\Ir. HARDY: Petition signed by Sara J. Ashley and Co., of Steele County, N. Dak., protesting against passage of 53 other citizens of Pueblo, Colo., urging enactment of legisla the Oddie bill (S. 1752) ; to the Committee on the Post Office tion to increase the pensions of Civil War veterans and their and Post Roads. widows; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 6374. Also, petition of 60 residents of Gilby, N. Dak., for in 6397. Also, petition signed by Barbara J. Millikan and 38 creases in pensions to veterans of the Civil War and their other resident~ of Rocky Ford, Colo., urging enactment of legis widows ; to the Committee on Invalid Pension . lation to increase the pensions of Civil War veterans and their 6375. Also, petition of 29 residents of Buxton, N. Dak., for widows ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. .-- increases in pensions to veterans of the Civil War and their 6398. Also, petition signed by 142 citizens of Trinidad, Colo., widows ; to the· Committee on Invalid Pensions. . urging enactment of legislation to increase the pensions of Civil 6376. By Mr. BURTON: Resolution of Cleveland Council War veterans and their widows; to the Committee on Invalid No. 733, Knights of Columbus, Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting Pensions. held March 20, 1928, indorsing the Dale-Lehlbach retirement 6399. AI o, petition signed by Sarah J. Smiley and 117 other bill (H. R. 25 and S. 1727); to the Committee on the Civil citizens of Olney Spring , Colo., urging enactment of legi la Service. tion to increase the pensions of Civil War veterans and their 6377. Also, resolution of Hesperian Lodge No. 281, Knights widows ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of Pythias, Cleveland, Ohio, at its session March 22, 1928, in 6400. Al o, petition of 130 citizens of Aguilar, Colo., urging dorsing the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 and S. enactment of legislation to increase the pensions of Civil War 1727) ; to the Committee on the Civil Service. veterans and their widows; to the Committee on Invalid 6378. Also, resolution of Bedford Local, No. 1991, Bedford, Pensions. Ohio, favoring the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 6401. By Mr. HAWLEY: Petition of residents of Eugene, and S. 1727) ; to the Committee on the Civil Service. Oreg., opposing the Sunday observance bill (H. R. 78) ; to the 6379. Also, resolution of Firemen and Oilers Union No. 52, Committee on the District of Columbia. Cleveland, Ohio, favoring the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill 6402. By Mr. HOGG : Petition of T. A. Meyer, Ray E. Has (II. R; 25 and S. 1727); to the Committee on the Civil Service. brook, and 128 other citizens of Fort Wayne, Ind., petitioning 6380. Also, resolution of Americus Lodge, Knights of Pythias, Congress to take immediate action on H ouse bill 433, to provide Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting held March 27, 1928, favoring $100 pension for all Civil War veterans and $50 per month for the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 and S. 1727) ; to all their widows · to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · the Committee on the Civil Service. 6381. Also, resolution of Paving and Sewer Inspection Local - 6403: By Mr. H UDDLESTON : Petition of Robert McLeod No. 100, Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting held March 28,1928, favor Smith, in re income tax and regulations ; to the Committee on ing the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 and S. 1727) ; Ways and Means. to the Committee on the Civil Service. 6404. By Mrs. KAHN: Petition of numerous citizens of Cali 638"2. Also, resolution of Painters and Decorators' Local No. fornia, urging action on House bill 949'4, a bill to amend sec 765, Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting held March 20, 1928, favor tion 9 of the act entitled "An act to readjust the pay and allow ing the Dale-Lehlbach retil·ement bill (H. R. 25 and S. 1727) ; ances of the commi sioned and enlisted personnel of the Army, to the Committee on the Civil Service. Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Coast and Geodetic Survey, 6383. Also, resolution of Clark Lodge, No. 764, Knights of and Public He.alth Service" ; to the Committee on Militru·y Pythias, Cleveland, Ohio, adopted at a meeting held March 16, Affairs. · 1928, favoring the Dale-Lehlbach :retirement bill (H. R. 25 and 6405. By Mr. KENDALL: Petition of certain citizens of S. 1727) ; to the Committee on the Civil Service. Uniontown, Pa., protesting against the passage of House bill 6384. Also, resolution of Minton Camp, No. 124, Woodmen of 78; to the Committee on the District of'" Columbia. the World, Cleveland, Ohio, at a meeting held March 28, 1928, 6406. Also, petition of certain citizens of Hopwood, Pa., pro favoring the Dale-Lehlbach retirement bill (H. R. 25 and S. testing against the passage of House bill 78; to the Gommittee 1727) ; to the Committee on the Civil Service. on the District Qf Columbia. 1928 ~ONGRESSION·AL REOORD-SEN'ATE 59.19 6407. By 1\Ir. KINDRED: Petition of Forest Hills Post, No. 6427. By Mr. SCHNEIDER: Petition by numerous citizens 630, American Legion. urging the Congre..,s of tlle United States of Luxemburg, Wis., m~ging that immediate steps· be taken ·to to -pa • a.n amendUJent to the ·· World War veterans' act of ·1924 briug to a vote a Civil ·war pension bill carrying rates proposed which will permit a veteran to name a bank or trust company by the National Tribune in order that relief may be accorded to to act as his trustee in order to distribute the proceeds of his needy and suffeting Yeterans and widows ; to tile Committee on war risk in.:urance in accordance with his wishes; to the Com Inv-alid Pensions. mittee on World War Veterans' Legislation. 6428. Also, petition by numerous citizens of Lena and Suring, 6408. Bv l\Ir. KVALE : Petition of members of the American Wi~ .• indorsing and urging the passage of House bill 11410, to Legion Auxiliary of Walter Tripp Post, No. 29, Morris, Minn., amend the prohibition act; to the Committee on the Judiciary. urging passage of the Butler bill (H. R. 7359) ; to the Com 6~9. By 1\Ir. SINNOTT: Petition of a large number of citi mittee on N