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1 2 SECTION 16: Environmental Injuries

70. Ideker RE, Dosdall DJ: Can the direct cardiac effects of the electric pulses generated by 80. Ordog GJ, Wasserberger J, Schlater T, Balasubramanium S: Electronic gun (Taser) inju- the TASER X26 cause immediate or delayed sudden cardiac arrest in normal adults? Am ries. Ann Emerg Med 16: 73, 1987. [PMID: 3800082] J Forensic Med Pathol 28: 195, 2007. [PMID: 17721165] 81. Mehl LE: Electrical injury from Tasering and miscarriage. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 71: 71. Bozeman WP, Hauda WE, Heck JJ, Graham DD, Martin BP, Winslow JE: Safety and 118, 1992. [PMID: 1316038] injury profile of conducted electrical weapons used by law enforcement officers against 82. Gross ER, Porterieko J, Joseph D: Rhabdomyolysis and oliguric renal failure after use of criminal suspects. Ann Emerg Med 53: 480, 2009. [PMID: 19157651] TASER®: is it really safe? Am Surg 79: E337, 2013. [PMID: 24351337] 72. Gardner AR, Hauda WE, Bozeman WP: Conducted electrical weapon (TASER) use 83. Ho JD, Dawes DM, Bultman LL, Moscati RM, Janchar TA, Miner JR: Prolonged TASER against minors: a shocking analysis. Pediatr Emerg Care 28: 873, 2012. [PMID: 22929134] use on exhausted humans does not worsen markers of acidosis. Am J Emerg Med 27: 413, 73. Dawes DM, Ho JD, Sweeney JD, Lundin EJ, Kunz SN, Miner JR: The effect of an elec- 2009. [PMID: 19555610] tronic control device on muscle injury as determined by creatine kinase enzyme. Forensic 84. Ho JD, Dawes DM, Heegaard WG, Miner JR: Human research review of the TASER Sci Med Pathol 7: 3, 2011. [PMID: 20683680] electronic control device. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2009: 3181, 2009. [PMID: 74. Zipes DP: Sudden cardiac arrest and death following application of shocks from a TASER 19964797] electronic control device. Circulation 125: 2417, 2012. [PMID: 22547671] 85. Ho JD, Miner JR, Lakireddy DR, Bultman LL, Heegaard WG: Cardiovascular and physi- 75. Zipes DP: TASER electronic control devices can cause cardiac arrest in humans. Circula- ologic effects of conducted electrical weapon discharge in resting adults. Acad Emerg tion 129: 101, 2014. [PMID: 24396013] Med 13: 589, 2006. [PMID: 16551780] 76. Chandler J, Martin BP, Graham DD: TASER® injury to the forehead. J Emerg Med 44: e67, 86. Vilke GM, Sloane CM, Suffecool A, et al: Physiologic effects of the TASER after exercise. 2013. [PMID: 21945507] Acad Emerg Med 16: 704, 2009. [PMID: 19594461] 77. Hoskin AK, Mackey DA: Eye injuries and tasers. Med J Aust 201: 89, 2014. [PMID: 25045981] USEFUL WEB RESOURCES 78. Li JY, Hamill MB: Catastrophic globe disruption as a result of a TASER injury. J Emerg  Med 44: 65, 2013. [PMID: 21570244] American Burn Association: Advanced Burn Life Support—http://www.ameriburn.org/ 79. Sayegh RR, Madsen KA, Adler JD, Johnson MA, Mathews MK: Diffuse retinal injury BurnCenterReferralCriteria.pdf from a non-penetrating TASER dart. Doc Ophthalmol Adv Ophthalmol 123: 135, 2011. Electrical Safety Foundation International—www.esfi.org [PMID: 21909993] National Weather Service: Lightning Safety—http://www.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/