Basketball Passing Drills for Beginners
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Development and Verification of a Highly Accurate and Precise Passing Machine for American Football †
Proceedings Development and Verification of a Highly Accurate and Precise Passing Machine for American Football † Bernhard Hollaus 1,*, Christian Raschner 2 and Andreas Mehrle 1 1 Department of Mechatronics, MCI, Maximilianstraße 2, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; [email protected] 2 Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, Fürstenweg 185, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +43-512-2070-3934 † Presented at the 13th conference of the International Sports Engineering Association, Online, 22–26 June 2020. Published: 15 June 2020 Abstract: Passing a ball is a central aspect in the game of American Football. However, current passing machines do not fulfill the high quality standards for adequate catch training. The goal was to realize a passing machine that could do precise and accurate passes in a fully automated way in order to create high quality automated catch training. Automation was carried out to a degree that the release angle in terms of azimuth and elevation, release velocity and the release spin of the ball could be controlled via a wireless device within a reasonable range. Additionally, a pass prediction model was developed to determine where the pass went to and which height to catch it by least squares fit of 225 sample points with a second order function ( >0.99). Normalized precision and accuracy of the machine were verified in an experiment with precision being less than 1% and accuracy less than 3% for more than 90% of all relevant passes. Keywords: American football; data interpolation; passing; catching tests; pass prediction 1. Introduction Passing is a major part of most ball related team sports such as rugby, soccer, handball or American Football. -
Tri-Star Sports Skills Contests
Tri-Star Sports Obtain All Needed Equipment & Skills Contests Prepare Site All equipment should be obtained at least two weeks prior to the contest. If you plan to conduct three events simultaneously, secure the adequate amount of equipment. Introduction Specific equipment needs vary according to the sport you choose. Here is a list to get you started: Offering a friendly basketball, baseball, soccer, football, in-line or ice hockey skills, lacrosse, curling, or golf competition may be just what your Club needs to serve your Baseball Equipment: community’s youth. The Tri-Star program enables your Club to run one or several successful sports skills contests • 12-18 Baseballs efficiently and with as little manpower as possible. More • 4-6 Baseball bats - wood or aluminum ranging from 24 oz. than 1,000 Optimist Clubs across North America currently to 30 oz. participate in or sponsor sports leagues or teams. • 3 Batting helmets- youth sizes small, medium, or large Similar to a punt-pass-kick skills competition, the Tri- • 1-2 Sets of bases Star Sports Skills Contests are the perfect way to bring together the youth of your community in a spirit of fun • 1 Stopwatch - to time base running event competition. Each skill offers exciting opportunities to • 2 Whistles - to keep control and start and stop promote self-confidence and physical events fitness, even if your Club has limited resources. Because this • 2 Card Tables - for registration and official scorer’s tables program does not involve physical contact or advanced skills, it is an ideal activity for every child, even those who may be • 1-3 Clipboards physically challenged. -
Download American Football Tutorial
American Football About the Tutorial American Football popularly known as the Rugby Football or Gridiron originated in United States resembling a union of Rugby and soccer; played in between two teams with each team of eleven players. American football gained fame as the people wanted to detach themselves from the English influence. The information here is meant to supplement your knowledge on the sport. However, it is not a comprehensive guide on how to play the sport. Audience This tutorial is meant for those who want to get a basic overview on American Football. It is prepared keeping in mind that the reader is unaware about the basics of the sport. It is a basic guide to help a beginner understand the sport. Prerequisites Before proceeding with this tutorial, you are required to have a passion for the sport and an eagerness to acquire knowledge on the same. Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2015 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute, or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. -
Flag Football Unit Plan
10th Grade 30 Students 10 days 50 Minutes per class By: Andrea Peterson 1 Purpose of the Flag Football Unit Importance of Physical Education “In 2003, more than one-third of high school students did not regularly engage in vigorous physical activity and only 28% of high school students attended physical education class daily” (CDC). What’s even appalling is that those numbers continue to decline as youth age into adults. In the past 20 years, the prevalence of overweight children ages 6-11 has doubled (CDC). With the increase in size amongst our children comes an increase in the size of adults. If you are an overweight child you are far more likely to become an overweight adult. Of the total of 2,391,400 deaths in the United States in 2000, poor diet and physical inactivity accounted for an estimated 17 percent (approximately 400,000 deaths) (Healthy People). Physical education in schools is very important because regular physical activity in childhood and adolescence improves strength and endurance, helps build healthy bones and muscles, helps control weight, reduces anxiety and stress, increases self-esteem, and may improve blood pressure and cholesterol levels (CDC). Healthy People 2010 identified 10 leading health indicators; number one was physical activity and number two was overweight and obesity. Both relate directly to health related physical fitness (Mood, Musker, Rink). Positive experiences with physical fitness at a young age will help to increase activity and control your weight as you age and go through life. What we as Physical Education (PE) teachers need to improve to help students increase their physical fitness is the participation of physical activity. -
Youth Basketball Drills & Sample Practice Plans ©
Youth Basketball Drills & Sample Practice Plans © Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 1 STRETCHING & WARM UP .................................................................................................................... 1 LEG STRADDLE........................................................................................................................................... 1 TOE TOUCHES ............................................................................................................................................ 2 QUAD STRETCH .......................................................................................................................................... 2 HURDLER STRETCH .................................................................................................................................... 2 KNEE-TO-CHEST......................................................................................................................................... 2 COORDINATION & CONDITIONING DRILLS.................................................................................... 4 1. CIRCLE BASKETBALL AROUND WAIST................................................................................................ 4 2. CIRCLE BASKETBALL AROUND LEGS .................................................................................................. 4 3. THROW BALL IN AIR & CATCH............................................................................................................ -
Using Contextual Player Movement and Spatial Control to Analyse Player Passing Trends in Football
BARÇA SPORTS ANALYTICS SUMMIT Using contextual player movement and spatial control to analyse player passing trends in football Bart Spencer1*, Matthew Hawkey12, Sam Robertson1 1 Institute for Health & Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Australia 2 Professional Referees Organization (PRO), USA * Corresponding Author: [email protected] Abstract This study explored the fitting of player motion models in football using contextual player movement behaviours. Measurement of a team’s spatial control using player motion models fit on average player displacements underestimates a player’s ability to perform high effort displacements during moments of importance (such as winning the ball). We address this by producing commitment-based motion models that model the effects of player momentum on their likelihood to attempt to win the ball (via interceptions). Motion models were fit on approximately 46000 samples of player movement relative to the ball across 264 matches from the 2018 MLS season. This approach to motion modelling incorporates contextual movement behaviour whilst remaining low-dimension, hence is intuitive and interpretable to non-technical staff. Resultant models are used to estimate a player’s spatial influence over their surroundings, given their momentum and proximity to the ball. Player influence was used to calculate the attacking team’s spatial control which serves as a proxy for passing risk – that is, a pass is deemed high risk if passed to a region of low control. It was found that attacking players are the senders and receivers of high risk passes due to their positioning in areas of opposition control. Furthermore, this analysis was able to differentiate the team’s star player (as measured via goals and xG throughout the season), who was the receiver of the highest risk passes. -
Reebok Skills & Drills
Reebok Skills & Drills Reebok Skills & Drills - Drill #1 Warm-Up Drill: "Jingle-Jangle" This is a good way to begin practice. After a short stretching period, this drill gets players loose and warmed up, while also helping them practice their agility and footwork. Purpose: Improve balance, footwork, and change of direction. Drill Outline: • Place cones at corners of 15-yard square. Line up players at one corner of square. Players then: 1. sprint to first cone 2. side-step to second cone 3. backpedal to third cone 4. sprint back to beginning of line. • Throw a football to each player as he or she finishes the drill. Repeat drill to other side after everyone has had a turn. Reebok Skills & Drills - Drill #2 Center QB Exchange Purpose: To develop proper snapping technique. Organization: Set out a 20 x 20-yard area. Divide teams into even groups and place in even lines. Place cones in middle of drill four yards apart. One football per team; the entire class can participate. Drill Outline: • This is a relay race. • The quarterback (A) and center (B) on each team start the race. • The center (B) snaps directly to the QB(A). The center will stand still while the QB runs to the next cone. • The previous(A) snaps to (B), then (B) snaps to (A) and so on, until course is completed. • The race is continued until each participant gets a turn. Progression: Shotgun snap. Key Coaching Points: • Center must place the ball on the ground before snapping. Play 4 Fun Sports NFL Youth Flag Football Drills Reprinted from Reebok NFL/CFL Youth Flag Football Coaches Resource Kit Reebok Skills & Drills - Drill #3 Passing Drill: Progressive QB This drill helps refine and improve passing technique by concentrating on proper arm and hand movement. -
Evaluating Passing Behaviour in Association Football
Evaluating Passing Behaviour in Association Football Else Marie Håland Astrid Salte Wiig Industrial Economics and Technology Management Submission date: June 2018 Supervisor: Magnus Stålhane, IØT Co-supervisor: Lars Magnus Hvattum, Molde University College Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management Problem Description Passing is the most frequent event happening during a football match, and by suc- cessfully passing the ball forward on the pitch, the chance of creating goal-scoring opportunities increases. The purpose of this thesis is to find ways to evaluate play- ers’ passing behaviour. The results can provide coaches and players with valuable information, with the aim of increasing performance. Preface This master’s thesis was written for the Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology during the spring of 2018. The thesis finalises the authors’ Master of Science and is a continuation of the work done for a project thesis in the autumn of 2017. Both authors have technical background in Energy and Environmental Engineering and are specialising in Empirical and Quantitative Methods in Finance. The work done in the thesis concerns the use of analytical methods in the con- text of association football, and it was initiated by Rosenborg Ballklub, a profes- sional Norwegian association football team. Rosenborg Ballklub wanted to explore new approaches to assess their players in order to improve performance. Hence, the thesis is the result of a cooperative initiative between Rosenborg Ballklub and the Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management. Trondheim, 08.06.2018 Else Marie H˚aland Astrid Salte Wiig i ii Summary Association football is the world’s most popular sport, and there is a growing interest in the use of statistical methods to support decision-making within the sport to gain competitive advantages. -
Skill Cue Common Errors
Instructional Baseball Teaching Cues Batting Skill Cue Common Errors HITTING Stance Stand sideways Stand forward Feet slightly wider than shoulder Feet too far apart or too close togeth- width er Weight over balls of feet, heels lightly Weight on heels touching the ground, more weight on back leg Arm Swing Hitter should think “shoulder to Moving head during the swing shoulder” (start with chin on front Head too tense shoulder; finish with chin on back shoulder) Hip Rotation Back hip snaps or rotates at pitcher; No hip rotation drive body through ball; take a photo- Using arms instead of wrists graph of pitcher with belly button Throw hands through baseball: “slow feet quick hands” Focus of Eyes Imagine middle of baseball has a face Not seeing ball hit bat that is laughing at you; try to hit the ball in the face Step Step 3 to 6 inches (stride should be Over striding causes bat to drop dur- more of a glide) ing swing (jarring step) “step to hit” Hitter “steps and then hits” Follow Through Top hand rolls over bottom hand; bat goes all around body BUNTING Pivot toward pitcher; square body to Hitter or bunter does not get properly pitcher squared around in position to bunt Slide top hand up bat; keep bat level Hands remain together (bat is not at all times. Keep fingers behind bat kept level if pitch is either high or or protect fingers from ball low); wrap hand around bat Catch ball with bat Push bat at ball, swipe at ball Source: Teaching Cues For Sport Skills; Hilda Fronske; c1997 Instructional Baseball Teaching -
Game Activities
FLOP! Games and Activities Unit 1 Killer 1 Rules Diagram One player, the tagger, starts by throwing the ball trying to hit a player below the waist with the ball. Players run around the gym trying to avoid being hit by the ball. They 'dodge' the ball. The player who gets the ball becomes the tagger. If a player is hit below the waist, they are dead and sit on the floor. They can be saved if they can catch the ball and become the dodger. The player who makes all the other players sit wins Place: Gym Equipment: a soft ball. Advanced rules: - Add more balls to the game. - If you throw a ball and another player catches it you are Tagger tagged Dodger dead. killer 2 Rules Diagram A pair of players are the taggers, the others are dodgers. The tagger with the ball can’t run but can pass the ball to his partner. They throw the ball at the others who are running around the gym trying to avoid being hit by the ball. They 'dodge' the ball. If a player is hit below the waist, they sit on the floor. They can be saved if they can catch the ball and then they become taggers There are no fixed pairs you are free to choose The pair who makes all the other players sit wins Place: Gym Equipment: Soft ball Advanced rules: - Add more balls to the game. - If you throw a ball and another player catches it you are dead. The blob / Snowball Rules Diagram One Student starts as a tagger and must chase the others. -
Basic Flag Football Coaching Strategies & Tips
www.FlagFootballFanatics.com Basic Flag Football Coaching Strategies & Tips Flag Football Fanatics Tailor these concepts to your specific age group ◊ Get positive yards on 1st down ◊ Try to rush at least one player on defense ◊ Teach defensive man to man principles ◊ Break the habit of flag guarding early ◊ Emphasize that flag football is a non contact sport ◊ Try to implement some type of motion in your offensive sets ◊ Try to have at least 3 offensive plays in place before 1st game ◊ Since teams consist of only 10 players or less try to get into a substitution cycle Coaching Responsibilities ◊ Call parents (not email) parents within 24 hours of receiving your roster ◊ You are responsible to have contact information/waivers of all players at each game/practice ◊ It is important to be punctual, remember we are role models for our children ◊ Maintain a positive attitude ◊ Make it fun -Regardless of whether it’s a game or a practice, football at the youth level should always be Fun. ◊ Limit Standing Around -This is a common problem with youth sports that ultimately turns kids off. Whether it’s a game, practice, clinic, or camp, we have designed all of our programs to engage every participant consistently. Kids don’t attend practice to watch others play. Kids enjoy practices when they have fun and they experience an improvement in their overall skills. Many professional coaches put a major emphasis on fast paced and interactive practices that eliminate downtime. ◊ Everyone Plays at least 1/2 the game -Football at the youth level should be an inclusive experience. -
Exploring Team Passing Networks and Player Movement Dynamics in Youth Association Football
RESEARCH ARTICLE Exploring Team Passing Networks and Player Movement Dynamics in Youth Association Football Bruno GoncËalves1*, Diogo Coutinho1, Sara Santos1, Carlos Lago-Penas2, Sergio JimeÂnez3, Jaime Sampaio1 1 Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), CreativeLab Research Community, Universidade de TraÂs-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal, 2 Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain, 3 Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad FõÂsica y el a1111111111 Deporte, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Understanding how youth football players base their game interactions may constitute a solid criterion for fine-tuning the training process and, ultimately, to achieve better individual OPEN ACCESS and team performances during competition. The present study aims to explore how passing Citation: GoncËalves B, Coutinho D, Santos S, Lago- Penas C, JimeÂnez S, Sampaio J (2017) Exploring networks and positioning variables can be linked to the match outcome in youth elite associ- Team Passing Networks and Player Movement ation football. The participants included 44 male elite players from under-15 and under-17 Dynamics in Youth Association Football. PLoS ONE age groups. A passing network approach within positioning-derived variables was computed 12(1): e0171156. doi:10.1371/journal. to identify the contributions of individual players for the overall team behaviour outcome dur- pone.0171156 ing a simulated match. Results suggested that lower team passing dependency for a given Editor: Satoru Hayasaka, University of Texas at player (expressed by lower betweenness network centrality scores) and high intra-team Austin, UNITED STATES well-connected passing relations (expressed by higher closeness network centrality scores) Received: November 1, 2016 were related to better outcomes.