16792 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 10, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A SALUTE TO 50 YEARS OF NA­ Americans were recognized and honored. extension of the convention movement TIONAL NEWSPAPERS ASSO­ Many Black publishers, editors and others through which White America had been led CIATION took the view that, as we gained our civil to open its ear occasionaly to Black com­ rights, Black Americans would become "in­ plaints. tegrated" into every aspect of American life Then came the bitter circulation competi­ HON. LOUIS STOKES with few, if any, problems. Moreover, some tion among all American newspapers. White OF OHIO Black publishers stated openly that their publishers went so far as to burn each IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES newspapers then would become more like a other's newsstands. The major Black pub­ "general" press. The "Black press" that has lishers burned no stands, but they ceased Tuesday, July 10, 1990 leaned in this direction is seen, by some, to communicating among themselves and even Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to be hovering over a precipice that could banned each other's names from the pages take this occasion to salute the National mean death. of their newspapers. Newspaper Association [NNPA], which is Other Black publishers with a slightly dif­ It was clearly time for a renewed attempt ferent, but acutely important focus, have at association for the Black-oriented press. celebrating its 50th anniversary. This distin­ begun choosing not to be identified with the guished body of black publishers has been A "Young Turk" named John H. Segstacke term "Black press." Instead, they have came forward to take the reins in hand as the conscience and catered to the vastly dif­ chosen to be identified as a Black-owned founder and first president of a new associa­ ferent needs of the black community. The and "Black-oriented" press. These publish­ tion. In the June 20, 1987 issue of The black press has helped to promote self­ ers have recognized that for any medium to Michigan Chronicle, he tells about the esteem by recognizing black achievement, be judged worthwhile by its major support­ founding of the National Newspaper Asso­ and serving as a channel for education, and ers, must be oriented to the needs, view­ ciation : overall self-improvement. In addition, the orga­ points and aspirations of the majority con­ "At that time . . . I was taking over the stituency it serves. Thus, these Black pub­ nization has served as adviser to the execu­ operation of the Chicago Defender from my lishers are not disturbed by the fact that uncle, Robert S. Abbott, who had built the tive branch of government, and worked with White-oriented media do not and cannot other black organizations to address many of newspaper into one of the leading publica­ cater easily to the vastly different needs of tions of its type in the country. the problems faced by black Americans. the Black community. These publishers "When I broached the idea of forming a Like many black organizations, one of the view this as the threshold of a vast new op­ unified organization of Black publications, primary goals of the black press is community portunity. my uncle (from his sick bed) thought little outreach. A current project undertaken by THE BEGINNING of the idea. He told me that his peers in the NNPA is the eradication of illiteracy through From its beginnings, the Black press has newspaper world, Robert L. Vann of the its Assault on Literacy Program. This is an ap­ had its greatest influence when it has Pittsburgh Courier, Carl Murphy of the propriate task for this historic organization and sought primarily to play a complementary Afro American and C.A. Franklin of the the effort is proving very successful. At this role to the daily press and to other media Kansas City Call weren't speaking to each time, I am pleased to share with my col­ which were then

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of i:he House on the floor. July 10, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16793 In 1943, the NAACP called a meeting of with the work of John Russwurm and ing through and with the other organiza­ the publishers of two dozen prominent Samuel Cornish and many other early Black tions in AOIP, our group is rededicating Black newspapers. The Washington office newspaper publishers. Although Monroe itself not only to greatly expanding Elkdom, of the NAACP was made available for Trotter, who served as the editor of the but also to building all of our communities checking copy. At this meeting the publish­ Boston Guardian in the early 1900s, was as never before by taking leadership respon­ ers agreed to help each other. known nationwide as a kind of radical, he sibility for garnering priority support for Sengstacke continues the story. was in fact a consummate and impassioned and involvement by our Black businesses "The NNPA also called a summit meeting community builder. He and his sister, and professionals committed to AOIP and of all the major Black leaders including Maude Trotter Steward is in a New State of Readiness where feel today [June 1987], for instance, that we A second feature strongly recommended we can begin to look beyond just the "illiter­ are not together on a number of issues. I am for these model Black weekly newspapers acy predicament" in a direct fashion-our particularly concerned about the failure of was that they should have a thoroughly teachers and teaching organizations will be Black America in speaking in a unified voice positive focus. There should be little or no handling that. The rest of us need to help on South Africa. The Black Press must take primary emphasis upon crime, drugs, sex, or them indirectly by concentrating more on a leadership role in attempting to affect sensationalism of any kind. Black people owning our businesses, building our organi­ what it thinks has been referred to as func­ have been traumatized far too much by zations, churches and other institutions. tional unity. We must stop fighting each tragedy. African Americans must be aided It was the "functional illiteracy" predica­ other and jointly attack the problems that by their own weekly press in responding in ment-wherein it has been ascertained that are still with us." the most positive and effective ways to meet Black Americans account for more than 30 NNPA made its first major impact on na­ urgent Black community-building needs. percent of that entire afflicted group of tional governmental policy in 1944 when a What readers see in the headlines is what Americans-which served as a catalyst for committee of its publishers called on Presi­ becomes fixed as foremost upon their encouraging more than 90 national Black dent Roosevelt and urged him to end segre­ minds. leadership groups to coalesce on this two­ gation in the armed forces. The 92nd Divi­ A third recommendation for the making fold mission. sion had just been accused of "melting of model Black newspapers was that they One of AOIP's missions is to work in ways away" in the Italian campaign and the concentrate on the most thoughtful and wherein the ego strength and motivation, or whole matter of segregation in the armed studied analysis of Black community affairs. "can do" attitude is sufficiently high so that forces was being called into question. This would recapture much of the spirit and any classroom teacher or tutor from any When Harry S. Truman became President, intent of Russwurm and Cornish in their program can be far more successful with he had the U.S. Army send a delegation of pioneering paper, Freedom's Journal. Thus, Black and other "inner-city" learners. Black publishers-Frank L. Stanley, William top-flight Black experts were suggested as The other is an ongoing and essential 0. Walker and Dowda! Davis-overseas to writers of weekly columns to supplement "umbrella-type" mission in which every or­ observe the treatment of Black troops in the writings of reporters. ganization and every individual within the Army of Occupation in Europe. Two What are some of the other features AOIP should be engaged. It is to help up­ years later President Truman appointed a which a Black weekly newspaper which is grade and/or change the environments of­ commission to study segregation in the mili­ success-focused might have? Since nearly and value characteristics within-these tary. John Sengstacke was included as a one-half of the emerging African American inner city and often-disadvantaged commu­ member. This commission presented the population is functionally illiterate (i.e., nities so they can become the mutually-sup­ President with guidelines for ending segre­ adults reading at or below a fourth-grade portive, secure, productive and hope-filled gation in the armed forces. He accepted level>, the group felt that each paper should entities . . . wherein every inhabitant will them. be written so as to motivate those who are be motivated to want to learn and become a In March 1977, NNPA established a Black largely nonreaders to want to read. The responsible and productive part of the com­ Press Archives and Gallery of Newspaper format would have to be appealing and the munity. Publishers in cooperation with Howard Uni­ focus would have to make fresh sense to It is now realized that the agreed-upon versity, where the repository is located in those to whom the newspapers in the past goals and mission that must be addressed to the Moorland-Spingam Research Center. It offered little or no appeal. overcome the "root causes" of that awesome is expected that in future years the NNPA­ NEW STATE OF READINESS tragedy . At a planning meeting in Winston­ prepare for a "New State of Readiness" to track we will be heard much more impres­ Salem, North Carolina, Dr. Earl Gray, then encompass addressing those many other ills sively." national co-chair of AOIP (and now presi­ as well. NNPA'S FUTURE SERVICE ROLE dent of its parent body, Community Motiva­ The AOIP groups now are structuring One way that NNPA might begin to real­ tors, Inc.), declared, "No longer can our themselves to more efficiently and easily ize its full potential might be by joining a Black leadership groups like the Masons, meet these new challenges to be of maxi­ movement that is gaining momentum in the Elks and similar broad-based groups sit idly mum support to the concerned community­ Black community. In 1980, a group of Black by and let a few people lead our masses building Black Press, other "affirmative publishers, some of whom are members of down the primrose path of so-called integra­ acting" Black businesses and institutions NNPA and professionals from a wide variety tion. We must look inward not only for our and the demonstratedly-concerned members of fields and community leaders, were asked divinely-inspired values, but also must look of Corporate America. how an ideal Black weekly newspaper might inward among our long-overlooked masses "The Black Press has promoted self­ serve Black development-related needs. The so we can build together as God wants all of esteem, given recognition to Blacks for wording of this assignment was crucial in his precious children to do." achievements, serves as a channel to educa­ that it built in the assumption that Black Grand Exalted Ruler of the Improved Be­ tion, a stimulant to thrift, punctuality, and newspapers were not designed to imitate, in nevolent Protective Order of Elks of the general self-improvement."-Sherman Bris­ any essential way, the White press. World Donald Wilson added, "The together­ coe, NNPA Executive Director-Emeritus A model Black weekly newspaper, first of ness and mutual support concept of AOIP is "The Black Press is a poor press, often on all, might be assumed to have a Black com­ by far the most productive thing that could the brink of economic disaster. Yet, despite munity focus. This is thoroughly in line have happened to us at this time. By work- many difficulties, we intend to become an 16794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 10, 1990 increasingly stronger, more unified and Those activities have included membership in ceptable to the majority of Americans and to more viable force, so that (291 million the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign most Members of Congress. I commend the people will be served by their own fearless Wars, and Granville Hook and Ladder Fire following statement entitled "Fighting Drugs At advocate."-Dr. Carlton B. Goodlett, Pub­ lisher-Editor, Sun Reporter Chain, former Company. He presently is director and treas­ The Source: Our Andean Strategy" to my col­ president NNPA urer of the Lake St. Catherine Country Club leagues in the Congress. "Finding and returning the stolen dignity and treasurer of the Poultney Area Saint FIGHTING DRUGS AT THE SOURCE: OUR ANDEAN and self-respect of Black Americans is the David's Welsh Society. STRATEGY major mission of the Black Press."-Sher­ Also typical is the fact that Mr. Edwards has man Briscoe, NNPA Executive Director­

39-059 0-91-6 (Pt. 12) 16796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 10, 1990 fields, at the processing labs, on the ship­ their schools, more and better drug treat­ JEFFERSON COUNTY, LOUISVILLE, KY; ment routes, and in the ports. So if we can ment, a stronger criminal justice system­ Butler Traditional/Technical High disrupt this huge market for drugs-dislo­ and polls indicate that they overwhelmingly School, under the direction of Principal cate the mechanisms of supply and demand approve of the President's efforts to re­ Kenneth W. Frick, has implemented an in­ at each point from the demand for coca leaf spond to these needs. Now we need to build novative program for its students. This pro­ to the demand for cocaine paste right a consensus around our anti-drug efforts gram takes an unique approach to leader­ through the processing ::;ystem-we can do abroad. This turns out to be a more difficult ship training as an integral part of a tradi­ great damage to the deadly efficiency of the task. There is, in some quarters, an unre­ tional education. This is no one or two day cocaine industry. lenting cynicism about any American initia­ seminar, but an ongoing program that fol­ So far, we have taken just first steps. We tives in foreign countries. Far less cynical, lows its participants to graduation. are now at a critical point. The next few and far more powerful, is the quite natural The Butler Leadership Academy years will reveal whether the forces of drugs American reluctance to get involved with a was established in 1989 to develop leader­ or democracy will triumph in Latin Amer­ crisis many thousands of miles away. ship potential in outstanding Butler stu­ ica. Last August, President Barco threw What we need to understand is that, ap­ dents. Criteria for acceptance into the BLA down the gauntlet for democracy. Now it's pearances notwithstanding, for cocaine the is based on applicants' academic and con­ our turn to stand by him and the other line from the coca fields of Peru to our duct grades, as well as, leadership potential. Andean leaders. school yards and neighborhoods is in fact a Academy members were selected by a These past ten months have placed a pre­ very short and direct one. If we want to screening committee headed by Ms. Pat viously unseen amount of attention on the help keep drugs out of America, then we Lucas, Head Librarian and Lead-Coordina­ cocaine problem at the source. That's all need to support those countries that are tor for the BLA. right with us. We have put the traffickers working on the front line against drugs. The Charter members of the Academy are: on the defensive. We are helping to people of Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia, like Ninth graders-Gretchen Antonini, Saretha strengthen the justice systems of Colombia, so many Americans, know what it is to Bacon, Linda Daugherty, Tara Hayden, Nat­ Peru, and Bolivia. Fifteen Colombian traf­ suffer from the tyranny of the drug trade. alie Husband, Robin Johnson, Dawn Jones, fickers have been extradited to the United Now we have an historic opportunity to Robin Morrison, Arbra Strong, and Mike States. President Bush flew to Cartagena turn the tide against the cocaine cartel by Wright; Tenth graders Scott Bohanon, and demonstrated his personal commitment supporting the legitimate forces of law and Brandon Finnell, Tori Friedman, Candy to this issue. And now there is increasing justice in South America. By working with Givens, Donna Goehring, Adrienne John­ evidence that cocaine production is down. them, we can break the back of the traffick­ son, Karianne Morrison, Kristin Peck, Mi­ All this would have been considered impossi­ ers and dramatically decrease the produc­ chelle Stites, and Victor Tellis; Eleventh ble only a year ago. Back then it was widely tion and processing of the drugs before they graders Allen Bonnell, Jason Crisp, Tiffany believed that the cartel was impenetrable, are shipped and smuggled across our border. Jones, Diane Miles, Johnny Nash, Pam that nothing could be done to stop the pro­ If we can work the Andean side of this Neff, Amy Nix, Susan Schroeder, and Beth­ duction and export of cocaine. problem, then I am convinced that we will any Strange. Our Andean Strategy is committed to soon reap the benefits here on this side-in The Butler Leadership Academy is spon­ showing that something can be done. With American streets, neighborhoods, schools, sored by a sub-committee of the School Cli­ the commitment and resolve of our Andean and communities. mate Improvement Committee . allies, something will be done. Without their Members of the sub-committee are; Jim Bal­ action, little will be done. We will monitor lard, Mossie Lee Gilbert, Jean Hatfield, Vic­ progress, evaluate the programs, and make HONORING BUTLER'S toria Koohns-Friedman, Pat Lucas, and sure that the money we spend here is actu­ LEADERSHIP ACADEMY Susan Mackin. ally having an impact in the war on drugs. The Academy members participated in But this will not be an easy process. There many special programs this school year, cul­ will be setbacks and difficulties. We will HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI minating in a Leadership Seminar spon­ have to demonstrate our national will to sored by Bellarmine College and held on its sustain these programs in the face of prob­ OF KENTUCKY campus here in Louisville. Each Academy lems and risks. We will have to sustain the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES student invited a local business or govern­ national commitment to aid our Andean ment leader for a mentoring session and allies in fighting their fight. We will also Tuesday, July 10, 1990 then attended seminars held by community need the confidence and the honesty to Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I salute the ef­ business leaders. admit that if circumstances make effective forts underway in the Jefferson County, KY, The Leadership Academy will accept American aid impossible, we will stop such Public Schools, under the leadership of Super­ qualified applicants from the incoming aid. intendent Donald Ingwerson, to provide out­ ninth grade for school year 1990-91 and The efforts we and our Andean allies each year hence. A variety of events are al­ make against the traffickers will not, all by standing educational opportunity to all Jeffer­ ready being formulated by the enthusiastic themselves, win the drug war. Nor can we son County students. educators and sponsors of this exceptional expect to eliminate all coca production in The Jefferson County Public Schools have leadership program. the near future. But the enormity of the made great strides forward over the past sev­ challenge shouldn't deter us. All else being eral years, and are nationally recognized for equal, the fight against drugs here at home excellence. I am proud of the teachers, par­ THE 1991 FOREIGN OPERATIONS is made easier whenever less, not more, coca BILL is grown and processed in South America. ents and administrators who have worked so That's why we can't afford to ignore the hard to improve the public education system international dimension of what has become in Louisville and Jefferson County. HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON our most urgent domestic problem. My attention was recently called to one ex­ OF CALIFORNIA I remind you once again: the President's ample of the kind of innovative programs IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Strategy calls for more drug treatment, being launched throughout the Jefferson more education, and a bigger domestic County Public Schools: The Butler Leadership Tuesday, July 10, 1990 criminal justice system. We are doing more Academy (BLA] which is operated from Butler Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I voted to of all that at an unprecedented level. We support the fiscal year 1991 foreign aid appro­ plan, for example, to spend three times Traditional/Technical High School. BLA devel­ more on domestic drug treatment than we ops leadership qualities in Butler's top stu­ priation, but only with reluctance. While this will on Andean assistance in the next fiscal dents by arranging for them to participate in bill encompasses a wide range of funding that year. That's because our domestic programs special programs with local business and gov­ I have consistently supported during my long will help reduce the demand for drugs. But ernment leaders. tenure in this body, its size and priorities are these efforts need to be buttressed by a con­ Mr. Speaker, I commend to the attention of such that I have trouble lending my support in certed effort to choke off the supply. In my colleagues the following article describing good faith to the entirety of the bill. other words, our national strategy demands Butler's Leadership Academy. I applaud the I would remind my colleagues that the cold an Andean strategy. The two are designed war is, for all practical purposes, over. A pan­ to go hand-in-hand. leadership of Butler Traditional/Technical High Over the last nine months, a broad con­ School-and especially Victoria Koohns-Fried­ oramaic view of the world today reveals a sensus has developed around our National man-for initiating this important program much changed scene from the view one Drug Control Strategy. The American which is today shaping the leadership of Lou­ would have seen a bare 18 months ago. No people want to see more drug education in isville and Jefferson County for tomorrow. longer need the two superpowers be locked July 10, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16797 into an ever-growing arms race. We stand place. Our strong support for certain allies and States war. Moreover, it will implicate the poised to see both strategic and conventional friends should not diminish. United States in gross violations of interna­ arms agreements. The globe can no longer be Yet I maintain that this country has lost tional human rights. seen as a superpower political chessboard, sight of what was the original intent of the This article makes several very important and no longer can those two protagonists Marshall Plan; that is to provide needed eco­ points, and I commend it to my colleagues. afford to woo, or to prop up, those that are nomic aid to our friends in a time of desperate [From , May 7, 1990] wavering from the ideological vision of either need. In 1950, only 12 percent of our foreign UNITED STATES JOINS PERU'S DIRTY WAR side. Even now, the Soviet Union and the aid was military aid. The Korean war changed United States are cooperating in an unprece­ that. In 1960, our foreign aid was 41 percent dented manner, working to solve the persist­ military assistance. That percentage does not WASHINGTON.-Under the guise of drug ent problems of war and poverty in the Third take into account the hundreds of billions of interdiction in Peru, the U.S. is rushing dollars we have spent as the world's shield of headlong into one of the dirtiest wars being World. Eastern Europe is free, the Berlin Wall fought anywhere in the world today. If past has come down. The forces of free men and democracy. Yet today we debate a bill of experience in Vietnam and El Salvador is free economics have won. which more than 50 percent is military assist­ any guide, the U.S. presence will exercise The start of this new decade represents a ance. Less than 33 percent of the money virtually no restraint on the murder, torture unique opportunity to reduce the level of ex­ goes to economic assistance and poverty pro­ and other human rights abuses that are penditures we commit to the world, especially grams. While some countries are threatened now routine in Peru. Instead, the U.S. will in the area of military assistance and security­ by outside threats, most are not. The Soviet become a party to the crimes. Union is now commiting itself to a defense Administration officials candidly acknowl­ related economic support funds. The Ameri­ edge that the left-wing Sendero Luminoso can taxpayers are tired of Congress sending program of "reasonable sufficiency" and with­ guerrillas are well entrenched in the Upper their hard-earned dollars abroad, especially drawing its support for its allies in the Third Huallaga region-where most of the coca when that money ends up in the hands of cor­ World. Meanwhile, this country is owed a stag­ consumed in the U.S. is produced. Moreover, rupt, abusive dictators who are repugnant to gering $64.8 billion by foreign nations. Shall the most recent disclosures by the Adminis­ American ideals and values. The letters from we saddle the American taxpayer with the tration make it clear that the Peruvian my constituents are angry and resentful when costs of that figure in addition to the debts the armed forces are to be assisted with materi­ Federal Government has already forced upon el, weaponry and training specifically to they tell me of the hungry, homeless man in fight Sendero. the street or the dilapidated school their chil­ him? I think we should take another look at the future of American foreign aid. The plan includes a permanent base for dren must attend. They tell me that these are U.S. Green Berets in the contested jungle the problems to which I must turn my atten­ The Foreign Operations Aid package of area, fighter planes, helicopters and boats tion: to drugs, to gangs, to housing, to jobs. 1991 does not reflect the realities of the and the training of virtually every Peruvian The amazing events of this year and last dic­ present day. Our domestic budget picture is a soldier to combat Sendero. This would turn tate to us that we listen. We can afford to financial mess, yet we still contemplate send­ the struggle against Sendero into a U.S., as listen and we cannot afford not to act upon ing $15.8 billion abroad, and much of that well as Peruvian, war. money is to fight a cold war that no longer The war against Sendero is already 10 their concerns. When I next focus in on the years old, yet this strange Maoist-Andean details of our financial problems, of budget exists. I support this bill, both for the positive benefits derived from its nonmilitary, poverty revolutionary organization continues to deficits and savings and loan crises, of tax in­ grow. Sendero is now attacking the Peruvi­ crease statements and budget cuts, and of assistance and provisions like the one that an state in virtually every region of the highways and bridges in disrepair, I know then cuts military aid to El Salvador. However, country. It recruits easily among the young that I must respond. when we next put together a foreign assist­ and the poor, its appeals undoubtedly en­ Our foreign aid program grew out of the tre­ ance package, it must better reflect political hanced by the collapse of the Peruvian realities or it will not have my support. economy and the steep deterioration of mendous success of the Marshall Plan in re­ living standards. storing economic vitality and political stability Peruvians across the political spectrum to a Western Europe beset by disease, THE UNITED STATES SHOULD know that Sendero threatens democracy hunger, and anarchy. But for the help of AVOID INVOLVEMENT IN and society. Yet hardly anyone in Peru­ America, a war-ravaged Europe would not PERU'S CIVIL WAR and certainly not the presidential candi­ have been able to fight back to its feet with dates in the runoff election scheduled for the speed and success history shows us. The early June-has proposed a way to deal with HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER the insurgency. That, it seems, is left to the looming threat of Soviet communism to those OF PENNSYL:V ANIA Peruvian Army. staggering democracies pressed this Nation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Regrettably, the army is just as brutal as into sending billions of dollars to Europe. The Sendero. For the third year, Peru heads the Marshall Plan was an implicit statement of Tuesday, July 10, 1990 list of "disappearances" reported to the recognition that, if peace and prosperity were Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, a civil war United Nations. In 1989 there were nearly to endure, then this great Nation had to play has been raging in Peru for the past 1O years 400 new cases, double the 1988 figure. In ad­ an activist, even interventionist, role abroad. dition, the Peruvian Army occasionally between successive Peruvian governments reacts to ambushes and attacks by invading That philosophy, formed 45 years ago, has and the Sendero Luminoso guerrillas. Both a community and killing dozens of young underpinned both our international economic sides have engaged and continue to engage and old males; sometimes in full view of rel­ policy and our security role since World War in widespread acts of violence, torture, and atives. 11. Since then, we have repeated that gesture murder. It is significant that Peru has the high­ The armed forces further complicate mat­ of charity hundreds of times to countries in est number of annual disappearances report­ ters by encouraging villagers to form self­ every part of the globe, while providing the nu­ ed to the United Nations in 1989 and attrib­ defense militias known as "rondas compe­ clear umbrella and conventional force backing uted to government forces, nearly 400. sinas." If a village forms a ronda, Sendero to ensure that free countries remained as In an article for the New York Times entitled punishes it for collaborating with the army; if it refuses, the army considers the commu­ such. I have often supported the appropriation "U.S. Joins Peru's Dirty War," author Juan E. nity "red hot," meaning that it supports of those funds, most recently for Eastern Mendez, executive director of the human Sendero. In several massacres in recent Europe and Central America. But friends, rights group Americas Watch, discusses the weeks, Sendero units have murdered "ron­ communism no longer looms over our heads United States decision to involve itself in this deros" and ronderos have killed suspected as it once did, threatening to wrap the peo­ civil war on behalf of the Peruvian Govern­ "senderistas." ples of this world in the chains of oppression. ment. Mr. Mendez concludes that past U.S. in­ In the cities, the police arrest students We must reexamine the level and priority of volvement in indigenous civil wars should and shantytown dwellers and charge them American foreign aid. I certainly do not advo­ teach us to avoid such involvement, particular­ with terrorist crimes. The detainees are rou­ tinely and brutally tortured, while the court cate a total cutoff of aid, military or economic. ly where both sides have blood on their cases against them either languish or have The hungry of the world still cry out for help hands. He argues that United States involve­ to be dismissed for lack of evidence. and our friends and allies must not be left in ment will not restrain the Peruvian military and Human rights abuses by Peruvian authori­ the breach. The world is still a dangerous will turn the conflict, in part, into a United ties are almost too numerous to catalogue. 16798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 10, 1990 In the process of putting down a June 1986 The liberals, meanwhile, are trying to The station is a favorite of many stationed at mutiny by Sendero inmates in three large keep prissy white kids from offending Holloman Air Force Base and White Sands jails in the Lima-Callao area, the armed blacks and other people of color by address­ forces killed almost 300 prisoners-most ing them with "fighting words"-presum­ Missile Range. after they had surrendered. A lengthy inves­ ably nigger, gook, spic and all the other en­ For 40 years, KPSA has been serving New tigation in the military courts has just dearing terms that make up the lexicon of Mexico and her people with honor and distinc­ ended in a whitewash. intolerance. Racism! cry the liberals. tion. I urge my colleagues to join me in wish­ In addition, right-wing death squads that As much as each group would hate to ing KPSA a happy 40th birthday and congratu­ have been linked to the governing party or admit it, and as much as their crusades to the army have targeted journalists, law­ differ in specifics, they are guided by the lating them for exceptional public service. yers and human rights monitors; the head­ same underlying principle: If something of­ quarters of three prestigious human rights fends, make it illegal. organizations were bombed in Lima in the In Florida this is being done by invoking last few weeks. "community standards," which, under a par­ U.S. laws governing foreign aid are explic­ ticularly bad Supreme Court decision of a THE EMPOV/ERMENT OF HIS­ it in prohibiting assistance to forces that few years ago, can be used to abridge First PANIC WOMEN: MOVING FOR­ engage in a consistent pattern of gross viola­ Amendr.1ent rights. At Stanford-which is WARD TO THE YEAR 2000 tions of human rights. If the Bush Adminis­ not bound by the Constitution, but which, tration has considered this ban at all, it has as a world-class university, should know not explained Peru's exemption. Congress better-all that was required was for some­ should insist on an explanation. thing called the Student Conduct Legisla­ HON. ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN If Peruvians need help in fighting Sen­ tive Council to approve the new anti-harass­ dero, the authorities in charge of the fight ment policy. OF FLORIDA should show that they have changed their If such nonsense were confined to a bunch ways. Promises won't do. A commitment to of retrograde Confederates and a handful of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fighting a "clean war" must first be demon­ Left Coast bleeding hearts, there might not strated in practice. be much to worry about. But it's not. Tuesday, July 10, 1990 Once such a strategy is in place, the Peru­ More than a few allegedly rational leaders vian authorities may succeed in reducing in Washington-the president among Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, since the appeal of Sendero, and American in­ them-are pushing a constitutional amend­ 1988 The National Hispana Leadership Insti­ volvement may not be necessary. ment to make flag-burning a crime. The fact tute has been preparing Hispanic women that their zeal is politically motivated throughout the United States who have dem­ makes it no less disturbing. onstrated leadership at the local level for posi­ CENSORSHIP ON THE RISE And then there's the case of San Francis­ co photographer Jock Sturges, an artist of tions of national impact. Understanding that international standing, who awoke one Hispanics will become the largest minority in HON. DON EDWARDS recent morning to find himself in the the United States by the year 2000 and at the OF CALIFORNIA middle of a legal nightmare Kafka would same time recognizing the growing drop-out IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have had a hard time dreaming up. His rate, poverty and lack of opportunity among crime: Taking pictures of a man and his 9- Hispanics, the institute has moved to meet the Tuesday, July 10, 1990 year-old daughter frolicking-in a purely urgent need to empower Hispanic women. Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Speaker, father-daughter way-in the nude. Never Congress has blocked by substantial votes mind that Sturges' subjects were nudists, or So far 70 Hispanic women have participated that he had the parents' consent to photo­ in the leadership program representing differ­ the constitutional amendment that would graph the child. The FBI is working over­ permit states to censor symbolic political time to build a child pronography case ent regions of the country professions, ages speech relating to the flag. But the far right against him. and ethnic subgroups. The women participat­ continues its assault on freedom of expres­ I don't know how many isolated incidents ed in a comprehensive 4 week training pro­ sion in the cultural arts. it takes to make a trend, but we're getting gram coordinated with Harvard's JFK School Just recently, under extreme pressure by dangerously close where censorship is con­ of Government and the Center for Creative those who impose their personal standards on cerned. Once we've gone over the edge, it Leadership. The institute's mission is to sup­ will be hard as hell to get back. American artists, composers and playwrights, port and develop creative leadership and ef­ the chairman of the National Endowment for fective management in the Hispanic communi­ the Arts was prevailed upon to deny four KPSA RADIO'S 40TH BIRTHDAY ty in order to increase the quality and number grants recommended by the peer panel. The of Hispanic leaders in America. chairman, John E. Frohmayer, cited "~olitical HON. BILL RICHARDSON realities" as the reason for his vetoes. Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank the Na­ OF NEW MEXICO tional Hispana Leadership Institute, its found­ Mr. Speaker, it is clear that as the far right IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sees anticommunism slipping away from them er, Maria Elena Torano Pantin, president as a political issue, they are turning to other Tuesday, July 10, 1990 Juana Brodas, and the board of directors excuses for attacking our freedoms. Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, one cf which include Hon. Ramona Martinez, chair, Philip Harper's essay, "Censorship's TidEJ is southern New Mexico's most respected radio Denver, CO; Gloria Rodrequez, vice chair, on the Rise" (San Jose Mercury News, June stations recently celebrated its 40th birthday. Washington, DC; Jerry Bathke, Los Ang!7les, 21, 1990) perceptively points out that "Once Alamogordo's KPSA-AM/FM is proudly begin­ CA; Hon. Maria Antonietta Berriozobal, San we've gone over the edge, it will be hard as ning its fifth decade of service to Otero Antonio, TX; Hon. Grace Montanez Davis, Los hell to get back." I commend the article to the County, NM. Angeles, CA; Jane Delgado, Ph.D., Washing­ attention of my colleagues. KPSA first went on the air June 28, 1950 as ton DC; Gloria De Necochea, Los Angeles, The article follows: KALG radio. Louise Neale and Norman Las­ CA; Nancy Leon Salinas, CA; Richard CENSORSHIP' S TIDE IS ON THE RISE setter founded the station back in 1950 and McGrath, San Francisco, CA; Hon. Bill Rich­ Politics isn't the only thing that makes for shortly thereafter sold it to Wayne Phelps. Mr. ardson, Sante Fe, NM; Carlos Soto, Golden, strange bedfellows. Phelps, who still lives in Alamogordo, owned CO; Hector Velazquez, New York, NY; Arturo Take censorship, for example. Its dingy and managed the station from 1950 to 1977. Villar, Coral Gables, FL; Raul Yzaguirre, sheets are broad enough to cover both feral­ It was in 1977 that the station was sold to its Washington, DC. eyed Florida crackers and fuzzy-headed present owners, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Flotte. Stanford liberals. The call letters were changed from KALG to The timeliness of this initiative will allow Hi­ The crackers want to prevent a band of KPSA. spana leaders to meet the challenge of pre­ rap-spouting blacks, known collectively as 2 paring for their cruc!al role in this country. To­ Live Crew, from offending prissy white kids KPSA is well known for its outstanding com­ with song lyrics that glorify oversized geni­ munity and public service. It provides news, gether we can look toward the year 2000 with talia and the various uses to which they can information and lots of music to thousands ot confidence and hope that there will be a be put. Obscenity! shout the crackers. dedicated listeners throughout Otero County. cadre of Hispana leaders ready to take action. July 10, 1990 EX'~ ' ENSIONS OF REMARKS 16799 HOPE FOR HOUSING IN MEGAN NORMAN REFLECTS gives me the opportunity to express my deep AMERICA l:.MERICA'S LOVE FOR ITS FLAG appreciation for his many years of service to Downey, and the rest of the South Bay area. HON. BOB McEWEN HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON A lifelong resident of Downey, Mayor Barb OF NEW YORK attended both Cerritos College and Long OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Beach State where he received his business IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES management degree. Upon completion of col­ Tuesday, July 10, 1990 lege, he spent 2 years serving in the Army in Tuesday, July 10, 1990 Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I know I'm not Vietnam. While he is most well known for this Mr. McEWEN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to the only Member of this House to get letters public service career, he is currently employed take this opportunity to bring to the attention expressing outrage over congressional rejec­ as the president of an animal feed distribution of my colleagues a letter I recently received tion of a constitutional amendment to ban flag company in Fontana. Also, prior to his elected from Ms. Brenda Gibbons, executive director desecration. service, he served on several committees of of the Clinton Metropolitan Housing Authority, Since the overwhelming majority of Ameri­ the Downey Unified School District. in Clinton County, OH. Ms. Gibbons wrote to cans favor such an amendment, according to Mayor Barb's elected service began in me to express her strong support for the the last polls on the subject, most of the letter 1982, when he was elected to the Downey HOPE legislation that will come before us writers demanded to know who Congress City Council. Two years later, in 1984, he was thinks it is representing. first elected mayor, and, subsequently, re­ later in the week. Indeed, Congress was tragically indifferent elected to the city council in 1986. In 1989, he In light of the fact that the HOPE initiative is to the heartfelt desire of most Americans to was again elected to serve as mayor and will the most dramatic, far-reaching, incentive-ori­ protect the flag. Across the country there soon be ending his tenure. During his elected ented approach to fighting poverty in the last have been countless outpourings of support service he has served on numerous commit­ 25 years, I commend Ms. Gibbons' letter, and for our most precious national symbol. I'd like tees providing substantial benefits to the city. her perspective, to your attention. to tell you about one of them. Among the committees he served on were the CLINTON METROPOLITAN Elementary schoolchildren, veterans, and Juvenile Diversion Program, community drug HOUSING AUTHORITY, other residents gathered recently outside abuse committee, freeway representative, Wilmington, OH, June 28, 1990. Washington Academy in Salem, NY to pay Hospital Review Board, League of California Hon. Congressman BOB McEWEN, Congress of the United States, House of Rep­ their tribute to our flag. The reporter covering Cities, Southern California Association of Gov­ resentatives, Rayburn House Building, the event for the local newspaper was moved, ernments, and the Independent Cities Asso­ Washington, DC. as was everyone at the scene, by what she ciation. In addition, he has also served on the DEAR CONGRESSMAN McEWEN: Thank you called the soft tenor of a child who recited the city/school recreation committee, Civil De­ so much for sending me a copy of the words: "When people burn the flag, it makes fense & Disaster Council, Los Angeles County H.O.P.E. legislation. I have now had the op­ me very sad." Sanitation Districts, Second Century Founda­ portunity to review it and it is an under­ That voice belonged to Megan Norman. tion, Southeast Area Animal Control Authority, statement to call this proposed initiative a She was reciting, from her heart, her thoughts and the Los Angeles County Transportation monumental change for the better in pro­ entitled "What the Flag Means to Me." Committee. As you can tell, Mr. Speaker, viding housing. The newpaper article was brought to my at­ Mayor Barb is an extremely committed leader. If this Legislation passes, it will go far tention by her farther, Rich Norman, who told During my years in Congress, I have been beyond just providing housing. Communi­ ties will make far better use of the resources me, "I'm quite proud of her." very fortunate to serve, and work with, Mayor they receive, as Agencies will be working to­ Mr. Speaker, so am I. Sometimes it takes Barb on numerous projects. I can attest to his gether to deliver services. The ultimate goal the open innocence of a small child to make hard work and his many accomplishments for being, not only savings for the local commu­ us see things in a fresh light. That is why I the city of Downey. While he may be stepping nities, but of greater importance, a system take great pleasure in entering Megan Nor­ down as mayor, I have no doubt that he will that will look at the needs of the whole man's little essay in today's CONGRESSIONAL continue his service to the community. In family and/or individual and then gear the RECORD. And I ask you to join me in com­ honor of this occasion, my wife, Lee, would services accordingly. mending her. like to join me in extending our heartfelt As I expressed to you in my April 14th WHAT THE FLAG MEANS TO ME thanks for his years of service. We wish him letter, in the past our job was to "house"

Percentage change tax! Due to 1977 legislation which increased The liberal discussion of progressivity of the payroll tax rates for social security, the taxation misses the distinction between the­ 1979-87 1982-87 overall payroll taxes increased for the poor­ oretical and actual progressivity in the dis­ est families from 5.4% in 1980, to 6.9% in tribution of the tax burden. A tax of 100% Middle ...... +5.0 10.0 1985, and 7.6% in 1990. In the last decade, on high incomes is certainly progressive. Fourth ...... +8.5 11.1 Fifth ...... 14.6 11.6 the total effective tax rate for the bottom The actual result of such a high rate is that fifth of families went from 8.4% to 9.7%. 10.6 no tax is paid, and the entire burden of tax­ Average ...... +9.0 This increase is completely due to the 2.2% ation is shifted onto middle and lower C. Adjusted family income, weighted by persons: increase in the effective payroll tax rate income taxpayers. Lowest ...... - 9.8 +7.8 over this period; deepening the negative In light of this, steeply progressive tax Second ...... -.5 IO.I income tax rate helped limit the damage. Middle ...... 5.2 12.1 rates can be seen as a totem of an ideology Fourth ...... +9.3 12.9 It is the hefty increase in payroll taxes that considers accumulation of capital as Fifth ...... 15.6 13.6 that should be the focus of these studies. morally wrong. Indulgence of such symbols 12.8 Not only do they hurt the low-income wage Average ...... +9.3 earner the most, but they serve to stifle job could be costly: not only would the economy creation-the lifeline to economic gains for suffer, but over twenty billion of additional Not only do the "Citizens" use the same the poor. personal taxes would have to be paid by the misleading data base to make their point, in­ Foney Fact # 3. Citizens for Tax Justice bottom 99% of taxpayers, if it were not for corporating the two worst Carter years with say that the 1981 tax cuts shifted the tax the changes in tax burden which occurred the Reagan years, they discount the raging burden from the rich to the poor and the under the 1981 Kemp-Roth tax law. inflation of the Carter years. And their data middle class. What is the Truth? Foney Fact # 4. The federal deficit does assumes the economy would have grown at Proponents of the 1981 tax cuts argued not come from too much federal spending­ the same healthy rate with the 1981 tax cut that lowering prohibitively high marginal it comes from not enough tax revenue. And as it would have had the tax cut not been tax rates would increase the realization of we need therefore to increase taxes in order passed. It is obvious they tilted their figures taxable income through expanded work to lower the deficit. What is the Truth? to make a political point. As David Broder effort, higher realization of capital gains, Congressional spending is limited only by of the Washington Post has pointed out, and a shift of funds from tax shelters and the level of tax revenues and the maximum both the Citizens for Tax Justice and the discretionary tax avoidance activities. As a politically acceptable deficit. History shows Ways and Means Report use misleading result, the share of the income tax burden us that whenever Congress raises taxes, it data to make their point.