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Penis Reproductive System > Anatomy > Anatomy Key Function: Conduct urine and semen to the outside environment. Key Anatomical Features: Skin • Prepuce covers glans, is retractable in the adult. Vessels • Superficial dorsal vein and artery • Deep dorsal vein • Deep arteries within corpus cavernosa Connective tissues • Deep fascia surrounds erectile bodies and binds them together • Intercavernous fascia separate corpora cavernosa from corpus spongiosum. Erectile bodies • Covered in tunica albuginea • Comprise vascular tissues that engorge with blood upon arousal. Singular corpus spongiosum surrounds the urethra: • Glans is distal expansion; corona is rim of glans • Bulb is the widened proximal end • The bulb anchors the corpus spongiosum to the perineal membrane (not shown); • The bulb is wrapped in the bulbospongiosum muscle, which contracts to: force blood into the erectile tissues, eject residual urine from the urethra, and produce pulsatile movements during ejaculation. Paired corpus cavernosa (singular = cavernosum) • Lie dorsal to corpus spongiosum 1 / 3 • Crus (singular = crura) of the corpus cavernosa extend laterally • Crus attach to the pubic arch of the pelvis (not visible here), and are wrapped by ischiocavernosus muscles; like the bulbospongiosum, these muscles force blood into the erectile tissues. Root • Comprises bulb and crus of penis Shaft • Free, pendulous portion of penis between root and glans Urethra • Conducts semen to external environment • Terminates at external urethral orifice • Urethral glands secrete mucus to protect urethra from urine Anatomical orientation • Dorsal surface faces the torso • Ventral surface faces away from the torso. Semen/Seminal Fluid: Semen (aka, seminal fluid) • Comprises sperm and seminal plasma. Sperm • Gametes (aka, sex cells), produced by the testes Seminal plasma • Nourishes and protects the sperm • Produced and secreted by the seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands, and urethral glands. Origins of semen: 2 / 3 Bulbourethral glands (aka, Cowper's glands) • Secrete lubricating mucus prior to arrival of the rest of the semen into spongy urethra Ampulla of ductus deferens • Drains sperm Seminal vesicles • Drain viscous, sugary seminal plasma fluid Ejaculatory duct • Where sperm and seminal vesicle secretions mix; merger of ductus deferens and seminal vesicle Prostate gland • Secretes alkaline, enzyme-rich fluid that protects sperm Ejaculate • Semen after it has been ejected from the urethra. Clinical correlation • Male circumcision is the surgical removal of the some or all of the prepuce, which leaves the glans exposed. • A "fractured" penis occurs when the tunica albuginea tears, typically as a consequence of abrupt angling of an erect penis; swelling and bruising result. Embryology External Genitalia Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) 3 / 3.

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Reference Sheet 1
MALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 8 7 8 OJ 7 .£l"00\.....• ;:; ::>0\~ <Il '"~IQ)I"->. ~cru::>s ~ 6 5 bladder penis prostate gland 4 scrotum seminal vesicle testicle urethra vas deferens FEMALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 2 1 8 " \ 5 ... - ... j 4 labia \ ""\ bladderFallopian"k. "'"f"";".'''¥'&.tube\'WIT / I cervixt r r' \ \ clitorisurethrauterus 7 \ ~~ ;~f4f~ ~:iJ 3 ovaryvagina / ~ 2 / \ \\"- 9 6 adapted from F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System Reference Sheet 3: GLOSSARY Anus – The opening in the buttocks from which bowel movements come when a person goes to the bathroom. It is part of the digestive system; it gets rid of body wastes. Buttocks – The medical word for a person’s “bottom” or “rear end.” Cervix – The opening of the uterus into the vagina. Circumcision – An operation to remove the foreskin from the penis. Cowper’s Glands – Glands on either side of the urethra that make a discharge which lines the urethra when a man gets an erection, making it less acid-like to protect the sperm. Clitoris – The part of the female genitals that’s full of nerves and becomes erect. It has a glans and a shaft like the penis, but only its glans is on the out side of the body, and it’s much smaller. Discharge – Liquid. Urine and semen are kinds of discharge, but the word is usually used to describe either the normal wetness of the vagina or the abnormal wetness that may come from an infection in the penis or vagina. Duct – Tube, the fallopian tubes may be called oviducts, because they are the path for an ovum.
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