Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Part 1A: Methodology
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Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Part 1A: Methodology 242368-4-05-02 Issue | 11 August 2015 This report takes into account the particular instructions and requirements of our client. It is not intended for and should not be relied upon by any third party and no responsibility is undertaken to any third party. Job number 242368-00 Ove Arup & Partners Ltd 13 Fitzroy Street London W1T 4BQ United Kingdom www.arup.com Document Verification Job title Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Job number 242368-00 Document title Part 1A: Methodology File reference 242368-4-05-02 Document ref 242368 -4-05-02 Revision Date Filename Bucks GB Assessment Methodology Report DRAFT ISSUE 2015 03 18.docx Draft 1 18 Mar Description First draft for Steering Group review 2015 Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Max Laverack Andrew Barron Christopher Tunnell Signature Draft 2 26 Mar Bucks GB Assessment Methodology Report DRAFT ISSUE 2 - 2015 Filename 2015 03 26.docx Description Second draft for Stakeholder Workshop Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Max Laverack Andrew Barron Andrew Barron Signature Draft 3 27 Mar Bucks GB Assessment Methodology Report DRAFT ISSUE Filename 2015 STAKEHOLDERS - 2015 03 27.docx Description Draft Issue for Stakeholder Workshop Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Max Laverack Andrew Barron Andrew Barron Signature Draft 4 17 Apr Bucks GB Assessment Methodology - DRAFT 4 FINAL - 2015 04 Filename 2015 17.docx Description Draft Final Methodology, updated with Steering Group comments and comments received at Stakeholder Workshop on 1st April 2015 Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Max Laverack Andrew Barron Ellen Greenberg Signature Issue Document Verification with Document 242368-4-05-02 | Issue | 11 August 2015 J:\242000\24236800 - BUCKS GREEN BELT\4 INTERNAL PROJECT DATA\4-05 ARUP REPORTS\02 METHODOLOGY\DRAFT ISSUE 8 - FINAL FINAL FINAL 2015 07 16\BUCKS GB ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY - ISSUE - 2015 08 11.DOCX Document Verification Page 2 of 2 Job title Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Job number 242368-00 Document title Part 1A: Methodology File reference Document ref 242368 -4-05-02 Revision Date Filename Bucks GB Assessment Methodology - DRAFT 5 FINAL ISSUE - 2015 05 08 [no maps].docx Draft 5 8 May Description Final Methodology, updated following Steering Group Meeting on 2015 27th April 2015 Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Andy Barron Andy Barron Ellen Greenberg Signature Draft 6 26 May Filename Bucks GB Assessment Methodology - DRAFT 5 FINAL ISSUE - FINAL 2015 Description Final2015 05Issued 26 TC Methodology, [no maps].docx updated following Steering Group ISSUE comments on 22nd May 2015 Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Max Laverack Andrew Barron Christopher Tunnell Signature Draft 7 29 May Filename Bucks GB Assessment Methodology - DRAFT 7 FINAL FINAL FINAL 2015 Description FinalISSUE Final - 2015 Issued 05 29 Methodology, TC.docx updated following comments from FINAL David Waker on 28th May 2015 ISSUE Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Max Laverack Andrew Barron Christopher Tunnell Signature Issue 11 Aug 2015 Filename Bucks GB Assessment Methodology - ISSUE - 2015 08 11.docx Description Issue version for publication. Prepared by Checked by Approved by Name Max Laverack Andrew Barron Christopher Tunnell Signature Issue Document Verification with Document 242368-4-05-02 | Issue | 11 August 2015 J:\242000\24236800 - BUCKS GREEN BELT\4 INTERNAL PROJECT DATA\4-05 ARUP REPORTS\02 METHODOLOGY\DRAFT ISSUE 8 - FINAL FINAL FINAL 2015 07 16\BUCKS GB ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY - ISSUE - 2015 08 11.DOCX Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Part 1A: Methodology Contents Page 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Purpose of Study 1 2 Policy, Guidance and Experience 3 2.1 National Context 3 2.2 Local Context 6 2.3 Other Context 15 2.4 Green Belt Review Experience 16 2.5 Implications for the Study 32 3 Buckinghamshire Green Belt Context 35 3.1 History of the Green Belt 35 3.2 Previous Green Belt Assessments 36 4 Methodology 39 4.1 Introduction 39 4.2 Identify General Areas 39 4.3 Assess General Areas 44 4.4 Part 2 60 Appendices Appendix A Glossary of Terms Appendix B Sample Pro-Forma 242368-4-05-02 | Issue | 11 August 2015 J:\242000\24236800 - BUCKS GREEN BELT\4 INTERNAL PROJECT DATA\4-05 ARUP REPORTS\02 METHODOLOGY\DRAFT ISSUE 8 - FINAL FINAL FINAL 2015 07 16\BUCKS GB ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY - ISSUE - 2015 08 11.DOCX Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Part 1A: Methodology 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Arup has been appointed by South Bucks District Council, on behalf of the Buckinghamshire Councils, to undertake a Green Belt Assessment to form part of a shared evidence base for forthcoming local plans in each of the four Buckinghamshire districts (Aylesbury Vale; Chiltern; South Bucks; and Wycombe) and the Buckinghamshire Replacement Minerals and Waste Local Plan. 1.1.2 In broad terms, the Green Belt Assessment will be undertaken in two phases: Part 1, the focus of this report, will assess strategic land parcels, ‘General Areas’, against the purposes of the Green Belt as defined in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). This assessment will identify the relative performance of the General Areas against the NPPF defined purposes of the Green Belt; Part 2 would identify and consider the development potential of any land parcels that do not perform a Green Belt purpose or those which perform least well and would ultimately be the subject of a separate procurement exercise by the Buckinghamshire Councils. Arup have been commissioned to carry out Part 1 only and Part 2 does not form part of the current Study. 1.1.3 This report sets out the proposed methodology for Part 1 of the Green Belt Assessment (the ‘Study’). 1.2 Purpose of Study 1.2.1 The purpose of a Green Belt Assessment is to provide evidence of how different areas perform against the Green Belt purposes set out in national policy; planning authorities may then take this into account alongside other evidence in making decisions about possible changes to Green Belt boundaries. A boundary revision can take the form of an expansion or a contraction. However, equally a Green Belt Assessment may conclude that no changes are appropriate. 1.2.2 The Green Belt Assessment will provide an independent and objective appraisal of all the existing Green Belt land as well as non-Green Belt land within Buckinghamshire. This report has been undertaken in accordance with the Study brief, which is clear in its aspirations to: Draw on best practice in Green Belt assessments in order to establish a robust methodology for assessing the Green Belt in Buckinghamshire against the five purposes of the Green Belt established in the NPPF; Identify and delineate logical and justified parcels of Green Belt land for assessment, review each land parcel against the five Green Belt purposes, evaluate and score the individual land parcels and 242368-4-05-02 | Issue | 11 August 2015 Page 1 J:\242000\24236800 - BUCKS GREEN BELT\4 INTERNAL PROJECT DATA\4-05 ARUP REPORTS\02 METHODOLOGY\DRAFT ISSUE 8 - FINAL FINAL FINAL 2015 07 16\BUCKS GB ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY - ISSUE - 2015 08 11.DOCX Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Part 1A: Methodology present clear, comprehensive and fully justified conclusions on the performance of each land parcel; Consider whether any land not currently within the Green Belt fulfils Green Belt purposes and whether there is justification for including land within the Green Belt. Any such proposals should be consistent with the NPPF and include precisely defined boundaries. 242368-4-05-02 | Issue | 11 August 2015 Page 2 J:\242000\24236800 - BUCKS GREEN BELT\4 INTERNAL PROJECT DATA\4-05 ARUP REPORTS\02 METHODOLOGY\DRAFT ISSUE 8 - FINAL FINAL FINAL 2015 07 16\BUCKS GB ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY - ISSUE - 2015 08 11.DOCX Buckinghamshire Green Belt Assessment Part 1A: Methodology 2 Policy, Guidance and Experience 2.1 National Context 2.1.1 At the national level, the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (2012), national Planning Practice Guidance (PPG) and ministerial letters provide the policy and guidance context for the role and function of the Green Belt. The following section summarises the current position. National Policy 2.1.2 The NPPF (2012) sets out the Government’s planning policies for England and how these are expected to be applied. Central to the NPPF is the ‘presumption in favour of sustainable development’ which for plan-making means that local planning authorities should positively seek opportunities to meet development needs and should meet objectively assessed needs unless specific policies of the NPPF (such as Green Belt policy) indicate that development should be restricted. 2.1.3 Protection of the Green Belts around urban areas is a core planning principle of the NPPF. Policy for protecting Green Belt land is set out in section 9 of the Framework which emphasises the great importance that the Government attaches to Green Belts. 2.1.4 Circular 42/55 released by government in 1955 highlighted the importance of checking unrestricted sprawl of built-up areas and of safeguarding countryside from encroachment. It set out three main functions of the Green Belt which are now upheld in the NPPF: To check the growth of a large built-up area; To prevent neighbouring settlements from merging into one another; and To preserve the special character of a town. 2.1.5 The NPPF advocates openness and permanence as essential characteristics of the Green Belt stating that ‘the fundamental aim of Green Belt policy is to prevent urban sprawl by keeping land permanently open’ (paragraph 79). The NPPF details five purposes of the Green Belt: ‘To check the unrestricted sprawl of large built-up areas; To prevent neighbouring towns merging into one another; To assist in safeguarding the countryside from encroachment; To preserve the setting and special character of historic towns; and To assist in urban regeneration, by encouraging the recycling of derelict and other urban land’.