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Hadzioidea : Melitidae) from Subterranean Groundwaters in Guam, Palau, and the Philippines Thomas R

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Hadzioidea : Melitidae) from Subterranean Groundwaters in Guam, Palau, and the Philippines Thomas R Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Faculty Publications Biological Sciences 2005 New Species of Amphipod Crustaceans in the Genera Tegano and Melita (Hadzioidea : Melitidae) From Subterranean Groundwaters in Guam, Palau, and the Philippines Thomas R. Sawicki Old Dominion University John R. Holsinger Thomas M. Iliffe Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Repository Citation Sawicki, Thomas R.; Holsinger, John R.; and Iliffe, Thomas M., "New Species of Amphipod Crustaceans in the Genera Tegano and Melita (Hadzioidea : Melitidae) From Subterranean Groundwaters in Guam, Palau, and the Philippines" (2005). Biological Sciences Faculty Publications. 319. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/319 Original Publication Citation Sawicki, T. R., Holsinger, J. R., & Iliffe, T. M. (2005). New species of amphipod crustaceans in the genera Tegano and Melita (Hadzioidea : Melitidae) from subterranean groundwaters in Guam, Palau, and the Philippines. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 25(1), 49-74. doi:10.1651/c-2525 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, 25(1): 49–74, 2005 NEW SPECIES OF AMPHIPOD CRUSTACEANS IN THE GENERA TEGANO AND MELITA (HADZIOIDEA: MELITIDAE) FROM SUBTERRANEAN GROUNDWATERS IN GUAM, PALAU, AND THE PHILIPPINES Thomas R. Sawicki, John R. Holsinger, and Thomas M. Iliffe (TRS) Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk Virginia 23529 U.S.A. ([email protected]); (JRH, correspondence) Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk Virginia 23529 U.S.A. ([email protected]); (TMI) Texas A&M University at Galveston, Department of Marine Biology, Galveston, Texas U.S.A. 77553-1675 ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Three new species of Tegano are described, two from caves on Panglao Island, Bohol, Philippines, and one from a cave on Peleliu Island, Palau. Sriha vagabunda from Sri Lanka is reassigned to the genus Tegano based primarily on the high degree of similarity between Sriha vagabunda and species of Tegano and the fact that these species exhibit a great deal of variation in the reduction of the mandibular palp. A new species of Melita with characters intermediate between those defining the genera Abludomelita, Melita, and Paraniphargus is described from a spring on Guam. The characters of the new species and studies by previous authors suggest that Abludomelita may not be as distinct from Melita as previously believed. The troglomorphic genus Paraniphargus from the Andaman Islands and Java is re- evaluated and synonymized with Melita. The genus Tegano was defined by Barnard and Karaman Type Species.—Melita seticornis Bousfield, 1970. (1982) on the basis of a single species, Melita seticornis,in which the third segment of the mandibular palp is reduced. Diagnosis.—Eyes present or absent, with pigmented Other melitid-like genera have been described with variable ommatidia when present. Antenna 1 longer than antenna reduction of the mandibular palp, including Sriha, Fiha, 2, usually highly setose. Accessory flagellum variable, 1–2 Psammoniphargus, and Phreatomelita (Stock 1988). A segments, second segment sometimes vestigial. Mandibular careful study of these genera and the description of three palp reduced or absent; molar seta present on both left and new species of Tegano, two of which are from different right mandibles. Gnathopod 1 palm with produced lobe at caves on a single small island in the Philippines, have defining angle; posterior margin of merus stongly pubes- revealed characters that unite species of Tegano and Sriha. cent. Gnathopod 2 propod much longer and broader than The description of the new species of Tegano also carpus, usually with few rows of 1–4 setae along anterior demonstrates a high degree of variation in the reduction of margin; carpus short, subtriangular. Pereopods 3 and 4 the mandibular palp, both interspecifically and intraspecifi- subequal, coxa of pereopod 4 usually not excavate cally. The merger of the monotypic genus Sriha with posteriorly. Bases of pereopods 5–7 not usually expanded, Tegano and the description of three new species bring to without distoposterior lobes. Uropod 1 with single basofa- five the number of species in the genus Tegano. cial spine. Uropod 3 Melita-like, inner ramus 2 segmented. A new stygobitic species of Melita is described from Telson cleft to base, usually wider than long, narrowing a freshwater spring on Guam. This species has characters distally and bearing few spines distally. that appear to be intermediate between the genera Remarks.—Sriha was a replacement name created by Stock Abludomelita, Melita, and Paraniphargus. Although Melita (1988) for the genus Quadrus, which was preoccupied. is predominately epigean, the description of this species Stock (1988) noted two characters that separate this genus brings the number of species in the genus recorded from from other melitid genera, which lack or have vestigial subterranean waters to approximately seven. The genus mandibular palps: 1) mandibular palp absent or vestigial, Paraniphargus from the Andaman Isles and Java is and 2) lower lip with well-developed inner lobes. To date synonymized with Melita, and the taxonomic status of there are five melitid genera with either a vestigial palp or Abludomelita and Melita is discussed. lacking it altogether—Sriha, Fiha, Psammoniphargus, The taxonomic work in this paper is that of Sawicki and Phreatomelita, and Tegano. The genus Tegano is the only Holsinger; the remainder of the paper is the work of all three one in which the mandibular palp is 3-segmented and not authors. reduced to a 1-segmented bud. The species of Sriha and Tegano share a number of characters that link these genera: SYSTEMATICS 1) typically with distinct, pigmented ommatidia; 2) usually Tegano Barnard and Karaman with highly setose antennae 1 and 2; 3) lower lip with Tegano Barnard and Karaman, 1982: 176. developed inner lobes; 4) palm of propod gnathopod 1 with Sriha Stock, 1988: 89. produced lobe at defining angle; 5) bases of pereopods 5–7 49 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article-abstract/25/1/49/2670492 by Old Dominion University user on 26 July 2018 50 JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, VOL. 25, NO. 1, 2005 usually not expanded, distoposterior lobes not developed; 6) Pereopod 3: subequal in length to 4, coxa deeper than broad telson completely cleft, wider than long, narrowing distally with 6 marginal setae, basis slightly expanded, with with few distal spines. Thus, the degree of reduction should numerous small setae and 2 longer setae on posterior not be used as the only character to define the genus. The margin. Pereopod 4: coxa slightly deeper than broad with 5 similarities of Sriha and Tegano are striking and necessitate marginal setae; basis slightly expanded, bearing numerous synonymy. Based on the description of three new species of small setae and 3 longer setae along posterior margin. Tegano, all of which share most of the characters listed Pereopod 5, 50–55% length of body, pereopods 6 and 7 above but vary greatly in the reduction of the mandibular subequal, 60% length of body; bases of pereopods 5–7 not palp (sometimes intraspecifically), it is suggested that the expanded, distoposterior lobes not developed; dactyls of reduction in the mandibular palp is highly variable. pereopods 5 and 6, 30% length of corresponding propods; dactyl of pereopod 7, 20% length of corresponding propod. Tegano clavatus Sawicki and Holsinger, sp. n. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6 relatively large, subovate, with Figs. 1–5 distinct peduncles. Distoposterior margins of pleonal plates each with small Material Examined.—PHILIPPINES. Bohol, Panglao Island: Tauala Cave, # holotype (4.2 mm), T. M. Iliffe and D. Williams, 3 April 1985. tooth-like extension; first pleonal plate without spines along The holotype is deposited in the National Museum of Natural History ventral margin; plates 2 and 3 with 1 spine along ventral (Smithsonian Institution) under the catalogue number of the former United margin. Pleopod 1 with small, serrated extension on the first States National Museum (USNM 1027094). segment of the inner ramus; pleopods 2 and 3, extension Diagnosis.—Small to medium sized species distinguished present but reduced; peduncle bearing 2 coupling spines. by a 3-segmented mandibular palp (except T. seticornis); Uropod 1: outer ramus 60% length of inner, with 1 lateral and a club shaped propod on gnathopod 1; small pocket 5 apical spines; inner ramus subequal in length to peduncle, proximal to the defining angle on the palm of gnathopod with 3 apical and 3 lateral spines; peduncle with 6 spines, 1 of 2; small serrated extension on the first segment of the inner which is basofacial. Uropod 2: outer ramus 85% length of ramus of pleopod 1. Male 4.2 mm; female unknown. inner, with 3 apical and 3 lateral spines; inner ramus subequal in length to peduncle with 3 apical and 2 lateral spines; Male.—Eye present. Antenna 1 subequal in length to body, peduncle with 2 spines. Uropod 3: about 30% length of body, 1.6 times longer than antenna 2, primary flagellum with 22 Melita-like, inner ramus small, scale-like, with small apical segments; accessory flagellum 2-segmented, the second seta; outer ramus 2-segmented, first segment armed with segment well developed. Antenna 2 flagellum with 9 seg- clusters of spines, second segment relatively small, unarmed. ments. Mandible: right mandible molar prominent, with Telson short, cleft to base, narrowing distally, about as wide seta, lacinia mobilis trifurcate, incisor 5-dentate, with 3 as long, bearing 1 spine and 1 seta along lateral margin, 1 serrate accessory spines; left molar prominent, with seta, long spine, 1 small spine and 1 seta apically.
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