DOCSLIB.ORG

Download PDF (171.3

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Index 9/11 219, 264 Antall, József (1932–93) 277 Antemurale 87 Academy of Sciences anti-Bolshevism 101, 112, 285 Academy of the Tartu University anti-Communism 131, 139, 142, 146, 208 148, 172–3, 185, 193, 209 Imperial Academy of Science 48 anti-conformism 216 Russian Academy 5 antifascist coalition 130, 139 Yugoslav Academy 20 see also Coalition ACIPS Alumni 229 anti-religious policies 118 ACTA report 264 anti-Russian feelings 45, 112, 139, 215, Al-Assad, Bashar (1965–) 281 285 Albanians 21, 38, 52–3, 122, 186, 216, anti-Russian opposition 45 252, 273 anti-Russian patriots 223 and Albanian question 62 anti-Semitism 25, 31–2, 107, 126, 145, and Greater Albania 252–3 193, 296 Aleksandar I Karađorđević, King and anti-Semitism without Jews 155 (1888–1934) 100 anti-Soviet reaction 215 Aleksandravičius, Egidijus 6, 23, 26, Antonov-Ovseenko, Vladimir 46, 225 (1883–1938) 70 Alexander I, Emperor and Tsar apparatchik 148 (1777–1825) 15 Arab–Israeli conflict 145 Alexander II, Emperor and Tsar Aralov, Semyon (1880–1969) 94 (1818–81) 56 aristocracy 8, 12, 18, 26, 41, 44–5, 74, Alexander III, Emperor and Tsar 202, 289 (1845–94) 44 Cossack nobles 56 Alfieri, Vittorio (1749–1803) 16 dvorjanstvo 46 alphabet 24, 27, 204, 222 and German nobility 42–3 Arabic 102 Magyarized aristocracy 26 Cyrillic 24, 44, 103 Polonized nobles 8, 23, 26 Latin 25, 44, 102–3 and Swedish lords 42 Amato, Giuliano (1938–) 252 Aristotle (384–322 BC) 16 Ambartsumov, Yevgeny 161 Armenians 52, 84–5, 93 anarchists 2, 41 and Armenian State 93 ancien régime 8 Armia Krajowa 126 Andreeva, Nina (1938–) 208 Armia Ludowa 133 annexation 4, 10, 12, 30, 36, 49, 65, 75, Aryan worship 107 98, 110, 119, 124, 133, 159, 161, Ashdown, Paddy (1941–) 240 197, 209, 222, 278–9, 285 assimilation 18, 25, 27, 31, 38, 44, 78, Soviet annexation 202, 210, 213 81, 96, 100, 141, 180–81, 248, 287 and double annexation 203 Association of the Awakening Anschluss 75, 109 Hungarians 106 329 Stefano Bianchini - 9781786436610 Downloaded from Elgar Online at 10/05/2021 03:21:56PM via free access BIANCHINI PRINT (4-col).indd 329 30/08/2017 07:51 330 Liquid nationalism and state partitions in Europe asylum seekers see refugees and Baltic Germans 64, 66, 69, 202 Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal (1881–1938) Baltic round table 217 93, 102 United Baltic Duchy 212 atheists 288 see also Baltic states (Geographic Atlantic Charter 79, 129 index) Atlantic military organization see Baltische Landeswehr 74 NATO Ban, Matija (1818–1903) 27 atomic bomb 131 Barbarossa, operation 118, 124, 126 Ausgleich see Austro-Hungary Batory, Stefan (1533–86) 6 austerity measures 187–8, 190, 204, 264 Bauer, Otto (1881–1938) 55, 80 and austerity policy 194 Bauman, Zygmunt (1925–2017) 56, Austro-Hungary see Geographic index 169, 259, 265, 296 and Ausgleich 50, 55, 61, 96 Beck, Józef (Polish General) and Dual Monarchy 5, 50, 55, 59, (1894–1944) 109 63, 80, 96 Belgrade agreement 234 and federalization of Austro- Beneš decrees 139, 197 Hungary 72 Berisha, Sali (1944–) 273 and Tripartite Monarchy 55–6 Berklavs, Eduard (1914–2004) 117, 205 see also Congress of the Oppressed Berlin consensus 254 Peoples Berlin wall see walls Austro-Marxism 55, 79 Berlin, Congress of 30, 49 autonomy 25, 38, 42–3, 45, 49, 52–3, Berzins, Andris (1944–) 224 62, 67, 70, 86, 93, 110, 120, 130, besieged fortress 187 145, 157–8, 160, 164, 202, 209, bias 10, 32, 83, 130, 178, 185, 194, 217, 228, 253, 270 228, 237, 244, 262, 293 budgetary autonomy 207 Bibó, István (1911–79) 105 cultural autonomy 55, 79–80 Bilandžić, Dušan (1924–2015) 227 and Tomsk Oblast 80 Bismarck, Otto von (1815–98) 22 district autonomy 164 Bloc see Camp economic autonomy 24, 206–7 Bohemian historical right 196 statute of autonomy 182 Bolkestein directive 250 and territorial autonomy 146 Bologna process 261 awakening 9, 106 Bonaparte, Napoleon I (1769–1821) and national awakening 208 10, 12, 27, 41 Axis 121, 124, 141 and Napoleon Code 10 and Napoleonic campaigns 4, 9, 258 backwardness 10, 41 Bonaparte, Napoleon III (1808–73) 16, Badinter Commission 154, 269, 272 20 bailout 189 borders 1–2, 9–10, 28, 35–6, 39–40, 47, Bakunin, Mikhail (1814–76) 19 49, 52, 55–6, 58, 62–3, 66, 69, 76, Bălcescu, Nicolae (1819–52) 18, 79 78, 81, 85, 87–90, 94, 98, 104–5, Balkan (con)federation 136–8 109, 114, 116, 119, 127–8, 131–4, Balkan League 52 136, 139, 141, 143, 145–6, 149, Balkan Pact 138 151–5, 157, 164, 172–4, 179–81, Balkan route 253 192, 202, 212, 217, 228, 241, 245, Balkan wars 32, 36, 53–4, 94, 121 248, 252, 259, 261, 268, 273–9, Balkanization 185, 245, 253 281–4, 293, 296 Balladur Initiative 154, 217, 248, 277 administrative demarcation lines Baltic Germans see Baltic provinces 154, 159, 279 Baltic provinces 42, 44–5, 69 and border fence 174 Stefano Bianchini - 9781786436610 Downloaded from Elgar Online at 10/05/2021 03:21:56PM via free access BIANCHINI PRINT (4-col).indd 330 30/08/2017 07:51 Index 331 and borders protection 191, 262 Cavour, Camillo Benso (1810–61) 20, and international recognized borders 105 151 Ceauşescu, Nicolae (1918–89) 143 razor-wire fence 174 Cebesoy, Ali Fuat (1882–1968) 94 revision of borders 153 censorship 17, 42, 44, 118, 206 Borot’bism 86 census 186, 237, 278 Bošković, Ruđer (or Ruggero Central Banks 259 Boscovich) (1711–87) 26 European 258, 297 Bosnia-Herzegovina see Geographic French 259 index German 259 Constitutional Court of Bosnia- Central European Free Trade Herzegovina 235, 242 Agreement (CEFTA) 200 federation of Bosnia-Herzegovina Central Powers 36, 58–9, 61–4, 68–9, 228–9 81 Brandt, Willy (1913–92) 143 centralization 8–11, 17, 30, 52, 81, Brazauskas, Algirdas (1932–2010) 210 100–101, 103, 107, 180, 207 Brčko, status of 234 Charles I, Emperor (1887–1922) 72 Breivik, Anders (1979–) 264, 286 Charlie Hebdo 282 Brexit 262–3, 267–8, 274, 286, 295 Charter of Fundamental Rights see Brezhnev, Leonid (1906–82) 143, 186, Rights 205–6 Chernobyl 206–7 and Brezhnev doctrine 171, 172 Chernyshevsky, Nikolai (1828–89) 19 BRICS 164, 289 Chetniks/Četnici 131, 196 British-ness 275 Chicherin, Georgy (1872–1936) 94, Brodsky, Iosif (1940–96) 296 113 Broglio, Emilio (1814–92) 100 Christ, Jesus 106 bronze soldier 220, 224 Christianity 3, 43, 93, 106 Brzezinski, Zbigniew (1928–2017) 185 and Christians 288 Buchanan, Allen (1948–) 37, 294 Church see religions buffer zone 223 Churchill, Winston (1874–1965) 129, Bund 46, 80 131, 136–7 Bundesbank 253, 259 CIA 151, 209 Burrows, Ronald (1867–1920) 83 Cicero, Marcus Tullius (106–43 BC) 26 Bush, George W. (1946–) 159, 161, 219 citizenship 109, 171, 204, 212–15, 217–18, 220–21, 248, 250, 288 Cameron, David (1966–) 194, 263, 268, and European citizenship 204 286 non-citizens 221 Camp see also European Union Camps of Calais 175 civil wars 63, 164, 173, 181 Socialist Camp 130, 143, 145, 171, American Civil War 19 186, 206–7 English Civil War 16 Soviet Camp 146, 185–7, 243 Finnish Civil War 62 candidate countries 154, 217, 219, 248, Greek Civil War 136–8 251, 254, 273, 275 Russian Civil War 36, 61, 70, 72–3, canton 101, 229, 235, 237–8, 240–41 85–6, 89, 202 and cantonization 81, 196 Spanish Civil War 2 Carbonari, secret society 16 class struggle 42, 262, 287 Carpatho-Rusyns 64 Clinton, Bill (1946–) 1, 228 Catherine II, Empress (1729–96) 5, 10, coalition 44, 50, 130, 139, 197, 213, 12 238–9, 243, 248, 274, 289 Stefano Bianchini - 9781786436610 Downloaded from Elgar Online at 10/05/2021 03:21:56PM via free access BIANCHINI PRINT (4-col).indd 331 30/08/2017 07:51 332 Liquid nationalism and state partitions in Europe Cold War 130, 142, 147–9, 169, 172–3, consociationalism 294 176, 197, 204, 244, 256 Constituent Assembly (of Galicia and and Cold War walls 172 Bukovina) 72 collective rights 10, 19, 79, 230, 232–3, and constituent peoples 186, 229, 236 230, 235 collective security 113, 179, 294 Constitution collectivization 118, 129, 139, 204 1974 Yugoslav C. 157, 185 colonies 248 1977 Soviet C. 202–3 colonists 69, 124, 214–15 Constitutional Court 190, 222, Cominform 138 235–6, 242, 274, 297 Commission on the Balkans 252 of the RSFSR 84 common currency 136, 178, 194, 204, Spanish Constitutional Court 182, 250, 253–4, 260–61, 264, 271, 286, 270, 274 295 “Continuation war” see Winter war Commonwealth continuity argument 285 Commonwealth of Independent Copenhagen criteria 218, 248, 277 States (CIS) 153 Corriere della Sera 83, 176–7 Commonwealth partition 11 cosmopolitanism 4, 8–9, 13, 29, 172, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 193 4–5, 7, 11–12, 15, 25–6, 43, 46, popular culture 13, 207 66, 74, 87, 101, 178, 202–3, 223 and autochthonous cultures 46 Communism 64, 80, 126, 142, 144, 148, transnational culture 193 185, 197–8, 216, 224–5, 236, 250, Cossacks 44 284, 287, 290, 293 from the Don 70 Communist ideology 139, 172, 192 of Zaporozhia 6 Communist internationalism 85, see also aristocracy 145, 172, 285 Council of Europe 218, 268, 275 national Communism 205 coup d’état 121, 124, 143, 269 War Communism 71 and 1991 August coup 152, 211 Communist Parties 73, 121, 137, 145, Coustine Astolphe, Marquis de (1790– 186, 205 1857) 41 and Communist Hardliners 202, Creek people 271 207, 209, 211–13 Crimea Communist Leadership 147, 192 and Crimean annexation 159 and Communist Party of Soviet Crimean war 41 Union (CPSU) 145, 203, 209, Khanate of Crimea 5 211, 213 crimes against humanity 130, 138, 141, see also League of Communists of 227 Yugoslavia crisis competition 3, 25, 32, 161, 226, 256, economic crisis 147, 164, 187–8, 191, 265, 277 194, 199, 256, 260, 266, 270, sub-continental 191 286, 295 Congress financial crisis 189, 194, 295 Communist Party Congress 211 global crisis 251 Congress
Recommended publications
  • Germany As We Saw It

    Germany As We Saw It

    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 045 000 FL 002 074 TITLE Germany as We Saw It. INSTITUTION Stanford Univ., Calif. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DFFW), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 18 Aug 61 NOTE 173p.: Report of 1061 NDEA Institute held at Bad Boll, Germany EDRS PRICE EDRS "Price MF-$0.7c HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Area Studies, Churches, Cross Cultural Training, Cultural Background, Cultural Context, Elementary Education, Employment, Family Life, *Foreign Culture, *German, Housing, Inservice Teacher Education, Institutes (Training Programs), International Education, Religion, Secondary Education, *Secondary School Teachers, *Second Language Learning, Study Abroad, *Summer Institutes IDENTIFIERS *Germany, NDEA Language Institutes ABSTRACT Close-up studies of German life in the Stuttgart area are reported by participants of Stanford University's 1051 National Defense Education Act second-level institute for secondary school teachers of German, held at Bad Boll, Germany. Topics covered include: (1) religious life, (2) political life,(3) problems of settlement, (4) occupational problems and the family,(5) aspects of the German educational system, and (6)general cultural life. 17.or related documents see ED 027 785 and ED 027 786. [Not available in hard copy due to marginal legibility of original document.) (WR) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. -report presented4the'partic.ipants n--the1961 Stanford -NDEA Institule '. eld...at -Bad. Boll,. Germany.. TABLE OF CONTENTS A. Religious Life in Airttemberg p.
  • Supplemental Pre-Trial Brief of the Defence of Mićo Stanišić ______

    Supplemental Pre-Trial Brief of the Defence of Mićo Stanišić ______

    IT-08-91-PT 3153 D3153 - D3107 31 July 2009 SF THEU INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FORU THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA CaseU No. IT-08-91-PT INU THE TRIAL CHAMBERU Before: Judge Iain Bonomy, Presiding Judge Ole Bjørn Støle Judge Frederik Harhoff Registrar: Mr. John Hocking Date Filed: 31 July 2009 THE PROSECUTOR v. MIĆO STANIŠIĆ STOJAN ŽUPLJANIN PUBLIC CONFIDENTIAL ANNEXES A, B, and C ________________________________________________________________________ SUPPLEMENTAL PRE-TRIAL BRIEF OF THE DEFENCE OF MIĆO STANIŠIĆ ________________________________________________________________________ TheU Office of the ProsecutorU Mr. Thomas Hannis Ms. Joanna Korner QC CounselU for the AccusedU Mr. Slobodan Zečević and Mr. Slobodan Cvijetić for Mr. Mićo Stanišić Mr. Igor Pantelić for Mr. Stojan Župljanin 3152 SUPPLEMENTAL PRE-TRIAL BRIEF OF THE DEFENCE OF MIĆO STANIŠIĆ 1. At all times relevant to the indictment, Mr. Stanišić was the Minister of the Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs in Bosnia and Herzegovina (“RS MUP”). He is charged under Article 7(1) of the Statute with committing – as a participant in a joint criminal enterprise (“JCE”) – instigating and aiding and abetting the crimes alleged in the indictment and under Article 7(3) of the Statute as a superior authority who failed to prevent or punish the crimes alleged in indictment. 2. Pursuant to Rule 65ter(F)(i) the Defence Pre-Trial Brief makes the following written statement setting out, in general terms, the nature of his defence: a. Mr. Stanišić never acted criminally nor did ever harbour or manifest any criminal intent. b. Legally and factually, there was no JCE as alleged by the Prosecution and Mr. Stanišić was never a part of any JCE or common plan to permanently remove Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats, and other non-Serb from the territory of the planned Serbian state by means which included the commission of the crimes alleged in the indictment.
  • KFOS LOCAL and INTERNATIONAL VOLUME II.Pdf

    KFOS LOCAL and INTERNATIONAL VOLUME II.Pdf

    EDITED BY IOANNIS ARMAKOLAS AGON DEMJAHA LOCAL AND AROLDA ELBASANI STEPHANIE SCHWANDNER- SIEVERS INTERNATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF KOSOVO’S STATEHOOD VOLUME II LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF KOSOVO’S STATEHOOD —VOLUME II EDITED BY: IOANNIS ARMAKOLAS AGON DEMJAHA AROLDA ELBASANI STEPHANIE SCHWANDNER-SIEVERS Copyright ©2021 Kosovo Foundation for Open Society. All rights reserved. PUBLISHER: Kosovo Foundation for Open Society Imzot Nikë Prelaj, Vila 13, 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo. Issued in print and electronic formats. “Local and International Determinants of Kosovo’s Statehood: Volume II” EDITORS: Ioannis Armakolas Agon Demjaha Arolda Elbasani Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers PROGRAM COORDINATOR: Lura Limani Designed by Envinion, printed by Envinion, on recycled paper in Prishtina, Kosovo. ISBN 978-9951-503-06-8 CONTENTS ABOUT THE EDITORS 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 12 INTRODUCTION 13 CULTURE, HERITAGE AND REPRESENTATIONS 31 — Luke Bacigalupo Kosovo and Serbia’s National Museums: A New Approach to History? 33 — Donjetë Murati and Stephanie Schwandner- Sievers An Exercise in Legitimacy: Kosovo’s Participation at 1 the Venice Biennale 71 — Juan Manuel Montoro Imaginaries and Media Consumptions of Otherness in Kosovo: Memories of the Spanish Civil War, Latin American Telenovelas and Spanish Football 109 — Julianne Funk Lived Religious Perspectives from Kosovo’s Orthodox Monasteries: A Needs Approach for Inclusive Dialogue 145 LOCAL INTERPRETATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL RULES 183 — Meris Musanovic The Specialist Chambers in Kosovo: A Hybrid Court between
  • Chapter VII: the Formation of the Republika Srpska and the Policy of Ethnic Separation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Chapter VII: the Formation of the Republika Srpska and the Policy of Ethnic Separation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The unfinished trial of Slobodan Milošević: Justice lost, history told Vrkić, N. Publication date 2015 Document Version Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Vrkić, N. (2015). The unfinished trial of Slobodan Milošević: Justice lost, history told. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:06 Oct 2021 Why do you want to make Serbia and Serbs responsible for the war in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina? ...[The international community] broke up Yugoslavia... and now they want all three peoples in Bosnia and Herzegovina to foot the bill... Slobodan Milošević, Opening Statement, 14 February
  • The Process of Demobilization and Integration of Former Kosovo Liberation Army Members – Kosovo’S Perspective1

    The Process of Demobilization and Integration of Former Kosovo Liberation Army Members – Kosovo’S Perspective1

    The process of demobilization and integration of former Kosovo Liberation Army members – Kosovo’s perspective1 Introduction The question of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) has undergone different stages. As a matter of fact, when war ended and the deployment of NATO forces in Kosovo completed, one of the main challenges in the country was the total demilitarization of Kosovo. The conflict ended with the signing of the Kumanovo Agreement2 between NATO and the Yugoslav Army, which was taken into consideration when the UNSC approved 1244 Resolution on Kosovo. This resolution explicitly called for the demobilization and reconstruction of Kosovo.3 Moreover, KLA demobilization was referred to in a document titled “Undertaking for Demilitarization and Transformation by KLA”, signed by NATO and former KLA on 20 June 1999, immediately after the conflict in Kosovo and the deployment of NATO troops in Kosovo. This document takes into account the contribution of KLA and foresees that in the future, following the conclusion of a political process resolving the country’s status, Kosovo will have a military formation based on the model of US National Guard4. Indeed the model of National Guard was never implemented, but another agreement paved the way for the transformation of KLA into a civil force for rapid reaction: the Kosovo Protection Corps (KPC). The sensitivity of the KLA demobilization issue did not take into consideration the integration of minorities within the new force. Furthermore, in the immediate post-war stage the gender balance was at some acceptable level, but was far from the desirable goal.
  • Durham E-Theses

    Durham E-Theses

    Durham E-Theses An investigation into the eects of National Socialism on secondary education in Germany and some problems involved in its reconstruction Powell, J.W. How to cite: Powell, J.W. (1948) An investigation into the eects of National Socialism on secondary education in Germany and some problems involved in its reconstruction, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9601/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF NATIONAL SOCIALISM ON SECONDARY EDUCATION IN GERMANY AND SOME PROBLEMS IN• VOLVED IN ITS RECONSTRUCTION. ABSTRACT. The first part of this dissertation consists of an examina• tion of the effects of National Socialism on secondary education for boys. In the Introductory chapter the back• grounds and the fundamental principles of National Socialist educational philosophy are considered.
  • Serbia & Montenegro

    Serbia & Montenegro

    PROFILE OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT : SERBIA & MONTENEGRO Compilation of the information available in the Global IDP Database of the Norwegian Refugee Council (as of 27 September, 2005) Also available at http://www.idpproject.org Users of this document are welcome to credit the Global IDP Database for the collection of information. The opinions expressed here are those of the sources and are not necessarily shared by the Global IDP Project or NRC Norwegian Refugee Council/Global IDP Project Chemin de Balexert, 7-9 1219 Geneva - Switzerland Tel: + 41 22 799 07 00 Fax: + 41 22 799 07 01 E-mail : [email protected] CONTENTS CONTENTS 1 PROFILE SUMMARY 8 IDPS FROM KOSOVO: STUCK BETWEEN UNCERTAIN RETURN PROSPECTS AND DENIAL OF LOCAL INTEGRATION 8 CAUSES AND BACKGROUND 12 BACKGROUND 12 THE CONFLICT IN KOSOVO (1981-1999): INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY FINALLY IMPOSES AUTONOMY OF THE PROVINCE TO YUGOSLAV AUTHORITIES 12 OUSTING OF PRESIDENT MILOSEVIC OPENS NEW ERA OF DEMOCRACY (2000-2003) 14 DJINDJIC ASSASSINATION THREATENS CONTINUATION OF SERBIA’S REFORMS (2003) 15 KOSOVO UNDER INTERNATIONAL ADMINISTRATION (2003) 16 BACKGROUND TO THE CONFLICT IN SOUTHERN SERBIA (2000-2005) 18 UNCERTAINTY AROUND FINAL STATUS ISSUE HAS A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON DISPLACEMENT AND RETURN (2005) 21 CAUSES OF DISPLACEMENT 23 DISPLACEMENT BEFORE AND DURING NATO INTERVENTION (1998-1999) 23 MASSIVE RETURN OF KOSOVO ALBANIANS SINCE END OF NATO INTERVENTION (FROM JUNE 1999) 26 LARGE SCALE DISPLACEMENT OF ETHNIC MINORITIES FOLLOWING THE NATO INTERVENTION (1999) 26 DISPLACEMENT CAUSED BY
  • The UK and the Future of the Western Balkans

    The UK and the Future of the Western Balkans

    HOUSE OF LORDS Select Committee on International Relations 1st Report of Session 2017–19 The UK and the future of the Western Balkans Ordered to be printed 13 December 2017 and published 10 January 2018 Published by the Authority of the House of Lords HL Paper 53 Select Committee on International Relations The Select Committee on International Relations is appointed by the House of Lords in each session “to investigate the United Kingdom’s international relations”. Membership The Members of the Select Committee on International Relations are: Lord Balfe Lord Howell of Guildford (Chairman) Baroness Coussins Lord Jopling Lord Grocott Lord Purvis of Tweed Lord Hannay of Chiswick Lord Reid of Cardowan Baroness Helic Baroness Smith of Newnham Baroness Hilton of Eggardon Lord Wood of Anfield Declaration of interests See Appendix 1. A full list of Members’ interests can be found in the Register of Lords’ Interests: http://www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/standards-and-interests/register-of-lords- interests Publications All publications of the Committee are available at: http://www.parliament.uk/intl-relations Parliament Live Live coverage of debates and public sessions of the Committee’s meetings are available at: http://www.parliamentlive.tv Further information Further information about the House of Lords and its Committees, including guidance to witnesses, details of current inquiries and forthcoming meetings is available at: http://www.parliament.uk/business/lords Committee staff The staff who worked on this inquiry were James Whittle (Clerk), Roshani Palamakumbura (Policy Analyst) and Sophie Jade Taylor (Committee Assistant). Contact details All correspondence should be addressed to the International Relations, Committee Office, House of Lords, London SW1A 0PW.
  • Roma Rights Journal Examines the Impact of Conflict on Romani Populations in Modern Europe

    Roma Rights Journal Examines the Impact of Conflict on Romani Populations in Modern Europe

    This issue of Roma Rights Journal examines the impact of conflict on Romani populations in modern Europe. As marginalised populations subjected to both random and very specific cruelties, Roma were viewed by warring parties with a mixture of ambivalence and contempt, and deemed to be communities of little consequence. As a consequence, ROMA RIGHTS Roma were also excluded from the peace-building processes that followed the conclusion of hostilities. JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ROMA RIGHTS CENTRE In addition to situations where Roma were the direct targets of murderous aggression, or written off as collateral damage “caught between two fires”, articles in this issue also examine incidents where Roma actively took a side, and refute notions of Roma and Travellers as being “a people without politics.” The contributions in this issue address long-standing lacunae, for as long as Europe’s largest ethnic minority is rendered invisible and written out of the histories of Europe’s wars and conflicts; and excluded from the politics of reconstruction and peace-making, the continent’s self-understanding will remain fatally flawed. ROMA AND CONFLICT: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF The European Roma Rights Centre (ERRC) is a Roma-led international public interest law organisation working to com- WAR AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE bat anti-Romani racism and human rights abuse of Roma through strategic litigation, research and policy development, advocacy and human rights education. 1, 2017 CHALLENGING DISCRIMINATION PROMOTING EQUALITY CHALLENGING DISCRIMINATION PROMOTING EQUALITY Editorial team: KIERAN O’REILLY, BERNARD RORKE AND MAREK SZILVASI Language Editing: KIERAN O’REILLY Layout: DZAVIT BERISHA © April 2017 European Roma Rights Centre ISSN 1417-1503.
  • "The View from Kosovo: Challenges to Peace-Building and State-Building

    "The View from Kosovo: Challenges to Peace-Building and State-Building

    CONNECTIONS The Quarterly Journal Volume IX, Number 3 Summer 2010 Foreword..................................................................................................................... 1 General Raimund Schittenhelm Lessons from NATO’s Military Missions in the Western Balkans............................. 3 Dennis Blease The Dynamics of Russia’s Response to the Piracy Threat........................................ 19 Simon Saradzhyan The Military and the Fight Against Serious Crime: Lessons from the Balkans ............................................................................................................... 45 Cornelius Friesendorf Fifteen Years of Peace-building Activities in the Western Balkans: Lessons Learned and Current Challenges................................................................. 63 Michael Daxner Enabling Factors and Effects of Corruption in the Defense Sector........................... 75 Todor Tagarev The View from Kosovo: Challenges to Peace-building and State-building.............. 87 Ilir Deda Advice and Advocacy: Ten Years of the Regional Stability in South East Europe Study Group ................................................................................................. 93 Ernst M. Felberbauer, Predrag Jurekoviü, and Frederic Labarre i The View from Kosovo: Challenges to Peace-building and State-building Ilir Deda * Kosovo in its third year of independence faces three sets of challenges: internal, re- gional, and international. The consolidation of the state is affected by developments
  • A History Untold by Valdis V

    A History Untold by Valdis V

    “Tearing Apart the Bear” and British Military Involvement in the Construction of Modern Latvia: A History Untold by Valdis V. Rundāns BASc, Waterloo, 1975 BA, Victoria, 2008 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER of ARTS in the Department of History © Valdis V. Rundāns, 2014 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee “Tearing Apart the Bear” and British Military Involvement in the Construction of Modern Latvia: A History Untold by Valdis V. Rundāns BASc, Waterloo, 1975 BA, Victoria, 2008 Supervisory Committee Dr. Serhy Yekelchyk (Department of History) Supervisor Dr. Perry Biddiscombe, (Department of History) Departmental Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr Serhy Yekelchyk (Department of History) Supervisor Dr. Perry Biddiscombe (Department of History) Departmental Member Despite significant evidence to the contrary in the Latvian language, especially the memoirs of General Pēteris Radzinš, Latvians, historians included, and others, have persisted in mythologizing the military events of 8 October to 11 November 1919 in Riga as some sort of national miracle. Since this Latvian army victory, first celebrated as Lāčplēsis Day on 11 November1920, accounts of this battle have been unrepresented, poorly represented or misrepresented. For example, the 2007 historical film Rīgas Sargi (The Defenders of Riga) uses the 1888 poem Lāčplēsis by Andrējs Pumpurs as a template to portray the Latvians successfully defeating the German-Russian force on their own without Allied military aid. Pumpurs’ dream and revolutionary legacy has provided a well used script for Latvian nation building.
  • 02 Klasnja.Indd

    02 Klasnja.Indd

    THE LIMITS OF INTEGRATION The EU and Kosovo Time to Rethink the Enlargement and Integration Policy? Marko Klasnja The EU’s approach to the HE European Union has been hailed for its contri- Tbution to the largely successful post-communist Western Balkans has been transition in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Exerting its well-known “soft power” advantages by of- plagued with inconsistencies fering the possibility of membership, the EU encouraged and half-baked measures. The the partners in the ongoing process of integration and “Europeanization,”1 here meant to connote the processes situation in Kosovo demonstrates and mechanisms by which European efforts to build political, economic, legal, and social institutions cause that the EU needs to rethink its changes at the domestic level.2 This success story has so policy arsenal if it is to achieve far not been replicated in the Western Balkans, another region undergoing transition where the EU’s ambitions its goals. and pledges seem to mirror those of the earlier “Eastern Enlargement.” The results in the Western Balkans have so far been much more limited and by no means assure an equally successful outcome. This may be a consequence of the much wider range of challenges faced by the region than was the case with Central and Eastern Europe, given the recurring conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, the late start of transition in many countries, and the unsolved territorial and ethnic issues, not to mention other prob- lems. The intricacies of the status-settlement process for Kosovo—that is, whether the province will become an independent country or remain part of Serbia—exemplify the multi-faceted nature of the transition process in the region.