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Georgia's Forests, 2014

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Georgia's Forests, 2014 United States Department of Agriculture Georgia's Forests, 2014 Thomas J. Brandeis, Joseph M. McCollum, Andrew J. Hartsell, Consuelo Brandeis, Anita K. Rose, Sonja N. Oswalt, James T. Vogt, and Humfredo Marcano Vega Forest Service Southern Research Station Resource Bulletin SRS–209 About the Authors Thomas J. Brandeis is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Joseph M. McCollum is an Information Technology Specialist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Andrew J. Hartsell is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Consuelo Brandeis is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Anita K. Rose is a Research Ecologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Sonja N. Oswalt is a Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. James T. Vogt is a Deputy Program Manager with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Humfredo Marcano Vega is a Research Biologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico, 00926. Front cover: top left, bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) require large trees near water for nesting. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission); top right, mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia) in Georgia’s forests. (photo by James Gray, U.S. Forest Service); bottom, southern live oaks (Quercus virginiana) in the Cumberland Island National Seashore. (photo by Thomas Brandeis, U.S. Forest Service). Back cover: top left, managed pine forest in Georgia. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission); top right, bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) require large trees near water for nesting. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission); bottom, wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) thrive and provide recreational opportunities in Georgia’s forests. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission). www.srs.fs.usda.gov Georgia's Forests, 2014 Thomas J. Brandeis, Joseph M. McCollum, Andrew J. Hartsell, Consuelo Brandeis, Anita K. Rose, Sonja N. Oswalt, James T. Vogt, and Humfredo Marcano Vega Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides) in a southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) in the Cumberland Island National Seashore. (photo by Thomas Brandeis, U.S. Forest Service) About Forest Inventory and Analysis Inventory Reports FOREWORD Program—National Sampling Design and Estimation Procedures” (Bechtold and The Forest Service, U.S. Department of Patterson 2005). Agriculture, Southern Research Station’s (SRS) Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Data tables included in FIA reports are research work unit and cooperating State designed to provide an array of forest forestry agencies conduct annual forest resource estimates, but additional tables can inventories of resources in the 13 Southern be obtained at http://fia.fs.fed.us/tools-data/ States (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, default.asp. Additional information about Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North the FIA Program can be obtained at http:// Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, fia.fs.fed.us/. Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia), the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Additional information about any aspect of U.S. Virgin Islands. In order to provide this or other FIA surveys may be obtained more frequent and nationally consistent from: information on America’s forest resources, all research stations and their respective FIA U.S. Department of Agriculture work units conduct annual surveys with a Forest Service common sample design. These surveys are Southern Research Station mandated by law through the Agricultural Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Extension and Education Reform Research Work Unit Act of 1998 (Farm Bill). 4700 Old Kingston Pike Knoxville, TN 37919 The primary objective in conducting these Telephone: 865-862-2000 inventories is to gather the multiresource William G. Burkman information needed to formulate sound Program Manager forest policies, provide information for economic development, develop forest programs, and provide a scientific basis ACKNOWLEDGMENTS to monitor forest ecosystems. These data The SRS gratefully acknowledges the are used to provide an overview of forest Georgia Forestry Commission for their resources that may include, but is not cooperation and input during this limited to, forest area, forest ownership, survey. FIA field personnel, Information forest type, stand structure, timber volume, Management, and Technical Publications growth, removals, mortality, management staff are all due thanks for their dedication, activity, down woody material, carbon hard work, and assistance. We also storage and sequestration, and invasive appreciate the cooperation of other public species. The information presented is agencies and private landowners for applicable at the State and survey unit level; providing access to measurement plots. although it provides the background for In particular, I would like to thank Vince more intensive studies of critical situations, Few, Greg Smith, and Jim Gray of the SRS it is not designed to reflect resource FIA Quality Assurance/Quality Control conditions at small scales. staff; Dan Chappell, Chad Northcutt, Mark Freeman, Chris Dowdy, Nathan More information about Forest Service Wheat, Luke Montgomery, Brian Allen, resource inventories is available in “Forest Morgan Cook, Tim Karchner, Keith Moss, Resource Inventories: An Overview” (U.S. Chad Sutton, Zachary Ledbetter, Chris Department of Agriculture Forest Service Howell, Ryan Adamczak and David 1992). More detailed information about Dickinson of the Georgia Forestry sampling methodologies used in the annual Commission; and David Dickinson and FIA inventories can be found in “The Dru Preston for reviewing this manuscript. Enhanced Forest Inventory and Analysis ii Contents Page Foreword ....................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................ ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................... iv List of Text Tables ......................................................................................................... vi List of Appendix Tables ................................................................................................ vii Highlights ..................................................................................................................... ix Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Area ............................................................................................................................... 2 Forest Land Area and Nonforest Land Uses ................................................................. 2 Forest Ownership, Forest Types, and Stand Origins ..................................................... 4 Forest and Land Use by Survey Unit ............................................................................ 6 Land Use Change ........................................................................................................ 10 Age Class Distribution .................................................................................................. 10 Number of Trees, Volume, and Biomass...................................................................... 13 Growth, Removals, and Mortality ................................................................................ 16 Treated Acres ............................................................................................................... 17 Volume, Growth, and Removals of the Planted Pine Resource ...................................... 18 Disturbance and Forest Health Indicators ................................................................... 21 Disturbance ................................................................................................................. 21 Carbon ........................................................................................................................ 21 Species of Concern ...................................................................................................... 24 Nonnative Invasive Plants ............................................................................................ 26 Literature Cited ............................................................................................................. 29 Glossary ......................................................................................................................... 31 Appendix A—Inventory
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