Volume 35 March 2007 Number 3
Looking forward to the 2007 ASA Annual Meeting in New York . . . Williamsburg (subway: take L train ough, offers hourly tours on Saturday across 14th Street to Bedford Ave., first sta- afternoons. tion in Brooklyn) earned a reputation as Although some stores still serve the Finding New York City’s Culture a hip artists’ district in the 1990s, after dwindling Polish population, only one SoHo (“South of Houston”) and the or two food shops suggest that Latinos Through Shopping East Village became too expensive for also lived and worked here before the young art school graduates. Art gal- artists. With Williamsburg already gen- by Sharon Zukin, Brooklyn College and dardized shopping experience than New leries and performance spaces for rock trified, new stores are opening farther City University Graduate Center York is known for—repeating nearly bands earned the area media buzz, east on the L line, pushing the frontier the same clusters of stores on Broadway inexorably followed by “luxury” loft of “East Williamsburg” as far as Lorimer Since New York is still a walking city, in SoHo, where Prada’s pricey leather developers, trendy restaurants with and Grand Streets, in the black working and New Yorkers are only gradually handbags face cheap cashmere sweaters ironic names, and a rezoning of the East class neighborhood of Bushwick. getting used to buying shoes and grocer- down the street at Uniqlo, as on Lower River waterfront by the city government, ies on the Internet when so many stores Fifth Avenue near Union Square and 34th which jump-started high-rise residential Black America are close at hand, our main culture of Street near Macy’s. construction where warehouses and a Central Harlem (subway: take #2 or consumption remains window shopping. sugar refinery remain. The blocks around #3 express train uptown to 116th Street Finding the Newly Hip It’s free, it’s convenient, and it enables us the subway station, at Bedford Ave. and and Lenox Ave.) has been known as “the to see what is happening to our neigh- To avoid these urban versions of North 6th Street, are the epicenter of cool. capital of Black America” since the borhoods when they are challenged by the suburban shopping mall, you have At night, music clubs like Northsix and 1920s. Although it is more spread out chain store invasion, rampant gentrifica- to travel to old neighborhoods that Galapagos draw young people in their than Williamsburg and has had a more tion, and ethnic turnovers. Until recently, are newly hip, like Williamsburg (in 20s, while during the difficult time attract- many areas of the city were dotted with Brooklyn), central Harlem and the Lower daytime, beginning at ing new investment, it small mom and pop stores selling goods East Side in Manhattan. Even here, noon, stores like Ear is now riding the same you could not find anywhere else—and rising rents are rapidly displacing local Wax (music), Brooklyn wave of luxury hous- often, at discount prices. Now, however, shops with designer boutiques and new Industries (urban wear), ing construction—as chains like Barnes & Noble, Starbucks, “luxury” apartment houses lure affluent Built by Wendy (jeans), well as new restaurants, and H&M colonize the most heavily traf- residents with upscale chain stores like Future Perfect and Fresh boutiques and media ficked streets. They create a more stan- Whole Foods Market. Kills (furniture), Jumelle attention. In contrast to (women’s hip designer Williamsburg’s hipster clothing) and Beacon’s haunts, Harlem offers Closet (vintage clothes) elegant, “fusion” restau- th Looking forward to the 2007 ASA Annual Meeting in New York . . . are the main attraction. On North 11 rants, Afrocentric art galleries, cosmetics Street, Brooklyn Brewery, which brought stores and spas. “It seems that everyone The Erosion and Rebirth of boutique lager making to the bor- See Shopping, page 8 American Democracy Too Few PhDs? by Magali Sarfatti Larson, Temple University The Replacement Rate in Sociology Polls show the continued deterioration of the United States’ image in the world. The main causes are the occupation of Iraq, torture, the detention of by ASA Research and Development more retirees than new PhDs. Among prisoners at Guantanamo, U.S. policy in the Middle East, and the govern- Department the social science disciplines, psychol- ment’s positions on global warming. However, comparable surveys show ogy has the highest replacement rates strong support for the values that America embodies and that President Bush For years, the academic community and sociology has the lowest one. By has vowed to spread. It looks, according to a BBC report, “as though America heard the complaint that there were 2003 (the last year for which data were itself is seen to be living up to those values less and less.” This is exactly the “too many PhDs” in sociology and other available), there were two-thirds of a topic that our Annual Meeting plenary will explore: What are main reasons of social science disciplines, and that the new psychology PhD (.66) for every concern for American democracy? And are there signs that it can be reformed number should be limited because of PhD psychology retiree. In contrast, or even transformed? I will briefly mention some of the issues that our the lack of professional positions that there was less than one third (.29) of a superbly qualified speakers may want to address. use doctoral training. Yet, computa- new PhD for every one PhD retiree in In a democracy, civil rights—in addition to free elections—are what define tions based on data from two National sociology. freedom. Six years of one-party rule, built upon a war against a ubiquitous Science Foundation surveys, the Survey The declining replacement rate over menace, have saved very little of America’s moral prestige. Our abandonment of Earned Doctorates (SED), the annual the last decade in sociology is the result of the Geneva conventions and our treatment of prisoners have caused wide- survey of the universe of new PhDs, of a basically flat number of new PhDs spread revulsion even in allied countries, though less in the United States. and the Survey of Doctoral Recipients, and an increasing number of PhDs We might care more, however, about the domestic attacks on civil liberties. a sample survey that uses the SED as retiring. In 1994 there were 542 new Since the September 11, 2001, attacks, a rubber-stamp Congress has allowed its population universe may cast some PhDs, while there were 562 in 2004 unprecedented accumulation of power in the hands of an “imperial presi- doubt on this complaint. (with more graduate students obtaining dency,” undermining the constitutional balance of powers and our taken- Since 1993, the “replacement rate”— their degrees in some years and fewer for-granted rights. The Patriot Act, clandestine intelligence operations, the the ratio of the annual number of new in other years). In 1993, 6.2 percent of stonewalling of congressional inquiries, Bush’s “presidential signing state- PhDs awarded to the number of PhDs the PhD labor force in sociology retired. ments,” the weakening of prosecutors’ independence, the political sway over retiring—has steadily declined in all This percentage peaked in 2001 at 11.9 regulatory agencies, and a tone of omnipotence and impunity have raised the social science disciplines. Figure 1 shows percent and declined very slightly by specter of authoritarian rule. the replacement rate between 1993 and 2003. The pattern in sociology contrasts 2003 for these disciplines. Rather than a with economics and political science, Political Participation one-to-one replacement rate, with one See Replacement, page 5 Moreover, in the United States, as in all advanced democracies, the inde- new PhD for every one retiree, there are pendent institutions that connect citizens to their government have been declining steadily. The decline of unions (12% of the workforce in 2006, with Inside This Issue of Footnotes… ASA Election Time only 7.4% in the private sector) has more political significance in the United States than the decline of parties, which is notable in Europe. Economic In accordance with election policies established by the ASA Council, dependency and self-censorship magnify the waning of secular institutions biographical sketches of the candidates for ASA leadership positions are that educated their publics to politics. While this country may lead in pri- published in Footnotes. The biographical sketches appear in alphabetical vate electronic media, the better educated citizens (even more than the rich) order by office. Biographical sketches for all candidates will be available 76% in the United Kingdom; 89% in Germany; 82% in France and in Italy; 84% in online when ballots are mailed to all current voting members in mid-April. Portugal, and 61% and 69% in Poland and Hungary disapprove of our treatment of prisoners, not far from the 63% of Americans who disapprove of indefinite detention. See page 6 to view professional biographies of the candidates for President- www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/pdf/jan07/BBC_USRole_Jan07_bgeurope.pdf Elect (Patricia Hill Collins and Michael Hout) and Vice President-Elect (Margaret See Erosion, page 8 Andersen and Cecilia Ridgeway).
Published by the American Sociological Association March 2007 Footnotes
The Executive Officer’s Column In This Issue . . . Advancing International Scholarly Communication ASA has long respected involvement in international sociology and fostered American sociologists’ participation in the interna- tional sociology community. We have a powerful intellectual stake World Social Forum in learning from worldwide research in our discipline and facilitat- Focuses on Human ing international scholarly communication. The engagement of ASA members in the International Sociological Association is only Rights one means of pursuing such goals and other international engage- 4 ments have been touched on by recent Footnotes articles.* The Forum seeks liberty and In this spirit we have attempted to increase the international freedom globally from the Sally T. Hillsman scope of participation in our Annual Meetings. Our 102nd Annual Meeting in New York City in 2007 will feature a significant ground up. complement of Latin American scholars, and Canadian scholars and scholarship were a strong presence at our 101st Annual Meeting in Montréal. In the 1960s Council stipulated that the ASA Annual Meeting be held once a decade in Canada and that, in the interest of A Movement of cultivating rather than competing with other international sociology activity, ASA would Campus Organizing not hold its meeting outside the United States or Canada. New International Efforts Whether boycotting sweatshop- 4 Times are changing and ASA seeks new strategies for international communication made goods or protesting and worldwide engagement. The Internet, of course, makes some aspects of this infinitely racial inequality, students are easier. Our journals are accessible online, and our website provides a vast resource of infor- organizing on campus. mation and services to sociologists across the globe. Council has now begun to explore other avenues with three major A New Sociologist new initiatives: (1) a new International Associate membership category to begin at the NSF in 2008; (2) a subcommittee to develop a Vantage mission statement for a new task force on Paul Ciccantell finds the international outreach; and (3) an official ASA state- 5 ment supporting open travel to Cuba by scholars transition to the National Science Point and students as essential academic freedom. Foundation easier with a little The International Associate membership will begin with the membership year 2008. help from his friends. It will be open to sociologists in countries that are not Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) members or otherwise high-income. International Associates will receive online access to ASA journals and all other benefits received by Election Time Is non-voting Associate members. The dues rate will be the same as for the latter, but the International Associates will receive ASA journals online (only) at no additional charge. Quickly Approaching New ASA members eligible for the International Associate membership will be entitled to a subsidized one-year membership funded by members’ contributions to the ASA Soft Familiarize yourself with the Currency Fund. 6 The draft mission statement for the international outreach task force will be reviewed 2007 candidates today. by Council by August. Please send any ideas you may have for this subcommittee to me at the Executive Office. Linking Gallaudet’s The Association’s statement authorized by Council at its mid-year 2007 meeting on travel to Cuba is accessible through the Governance webpage. It is in response to the bi- Protests and Political national report Retreat from Reason: US-Cuban Academic Relations and the Bush Administration, which calls for free and unhindered academic- and education-related exchange between the Trust Theory United States and Cuba and for the removal of travel restrictions for such. 7 These new international initiatives will build on a long history and wide range of past What do Gallaudet University international efforts by the Association. Some of the latter are highlighted below. and an Israeli textile Academic Freedom and Human Rights manufacturing plant have in In 2003, an obscure office in the U.S. Treasury Department, the Office of Foreign Assets common? Find out. Control (OFAC), issued federal rules that would have made it a crime for U.S. scientists to collaborate with researchers in disfavored nations by editing (and even peer reviewing) research articles for publication in science journals. The ASA Executive Office was a promi- A Sociologist Among nent voice in seeking repeal of that proposal. While the proposal was scuttled largely as a result of scholarly outcry, residual ambiguities remain that may need future attention. Physicists ASA has supported foreign scientists who have been persecuted or otherwise suf- Rachel Ivie finds a common fered human rights violations. We have attempted intervention with foreign heads of 9 state and the U.S. Department of State in support of free exchange of ideas in scholarship ground and details the difficulties and research for the following cases among others: Iranian professor of philosophy and of speaking sociologically in a political science Ramin Jahanbegloo, Egyptian-American sociologist Saad Eddin Ibrahim, and South African Professor Adam Habib (who has been invited to participate in the 2007 hard science realm. Annual Meeting but is still being denied a visa renewal). ASA also recently intervened to try to secure approval for more than 60 Cuban schol- ars to attend a Latin American Studies Association meeting, following an unprecedented Sociologists Receive U.S. blanket denial of Cuban visas, and Council issued an official statement in 2006 in $8.7 Million from the support of academic independence and scientific integrity. It affirmed “ongoing sup- port for the protection of academic independence and the integrity of scientific research NSF through the open movement of faculty and students between universities irrespective of 10 nationality or political views.” The National Science Foundation ASA reaffirmed its commitment to international human rights in 2005 in a statement Sociology Program announces its (visit the Governance webpage). To bolster ASA’s frequent actions in defense of sociolo- gists and other scholars persecuted for beliefs or scholarship, ASA used the commemora- 2006 awards. tion of its centenary (1905-2005) to reiterate its strong support for basic civil and political freedoms of people of all nations, as articulated by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in support of free exchange of ideas across national, state, cultural and social borders. International Exchange Our Regular Features Last year, a grant from the National Science Foundation allowed ASA to assist 53 U.S. sociologists to participate in the XVI World Congress of Sociology in South Africa. This Departments...... 11 funding helped ensure the continued strong presence of U.S. sociologists, and more than 130 sociologists at all career stages and from all professional affiliations applied, receiving support to either participate in the meeting and/or collaborate with African researchers. See Vantage Point, page 3 March 2007 Footnotes
Robert Bellah Honored for a Career of Scholarship PUBLIC AFFAIRS UPDATE by Jean Shin, ASA Minority Affairs Program ✔ NSF’s “science of science policy” research initiative announced . . . . The National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Influential sociologist Robert N. Bellah was honored by Duke University Press in Economic Sciences (SBE) announces its long-awaited opportunity for the social October 2006 with the publishing of The Robert Bellah Reader, a collection of his essays sciences to receive research funding (see December 2005 Footnotes, p. 2 (Vantage and other works that reflect and pay tribute to his scholarship and life. Bellah, who Point)) to foster the development of the knowledge, theories, data, tools, and is Elliott Professor of Sociology Emeritus at the University of California-Berkeley, has human capital needed to cultivate a new Science of Science and Innovation spent the last five decades building a career as the nation’s preeminent scholar in the Policy (SciSIP). SciSIP will underwrite fundamental research that creates new sociology of religion. He served on the faculty at Berkeley explanatory models and analytic tools designed to inform the nation’s public for 30 years before retiring in 1997. and private sectors about the processes through which investments in science The Robert Bellah Reader is co-edited by Bellah and and engineering (S&E) research are transformed into social and economic Steven M. Tipton, Professor of Sociology at Emory outcomes. SciSIP’s goals are to understand the contexts, structures, and pro- University. According to Bellah’s website
A Better World Is a World with Universal Human Rights by Judith Blau, University of North Carolina- was in Porto Alegre in 2001, then again human beings” and “the focus on the fied seeds and patented seeds threaten Chapel Hill and U.S. Chapter of Sociologists in 2002 and 2003, in Mumbai in 2004, inherent dignity and equal worth of all the rights and livelihoods of all peasant without Borders and in Porto Alegre in 2005. It convened humans.” Elaborating, this includes farmers. Using the language of “food as a polycentric in 2006 in Bamako, security, right to an identity and group sovereignty and rights to seeds,” they The World Social Forum (WSF), hav- Caracas, and Karachi. The WSF began membership, and rights to culture, said that they and others in their village ing convened in January at its “Seventh as an alternative to the World Economic language, decent work, adequate food, had returned to indigenous cropping Edition” in Nairobi, Kenya, has unique Forum (WEF), held annually in Davos, housing, education, and to the highest techniques, and had established a seed significance for American sociologists par- Switzerland, each January. While the attainable standard of health. Possible bank to share seeds with other farmers ticipating in the 2007 ASA Annual Meeting WEF adheres formally to an economic human rights also encompasses what the throughout Africa. Monsanto, one peas- in New York City. The theme of the ASA agenda, the WSF continues to grow its Western tradition ant farmer said, had meeting is “Is a Better World Possible?,” agenda. That is, everything from the has historically no right to patent which is related to the WSF motto, “A automista (the worker recovered factories stressed: right The main difference between the indigenous seeds. Better World Is Possible.” Some sociologists in Argentina) to the World Peace Party’s to liberty; equal United Nations’ approach and that The Global South will also attend the U.S. Social Forum, held Rave Parties can be found at the WSF. It protection of the of Forum participants is that the U.N. in Atlanta, June 27-30, one of the Forum’s is open to everything serious and every- law; freedom from works with and through its state As a side note, regional meetings. thing fun so long as it has to do with arbitrary arrest language diversity This is a personal account, as promoting progressive transforma- and detention or members, while Forum participants poses challenges at all must be, since—according to tion. It is hard to think of any interference with are securing rights on the ground. the Forum. I was the 2002 Charter of the World sociologist who would not find privacy; and prohi- impressed that this Social Forum—none can speak something of interest as the bition of slavery, torture, and inhuman session had Amharic translators (into for the Forum. First, though, sessions run the gamut from or degrading treatment. French, English, and Spanish). Aside I will sketch a brief history migration, trade, economics, The main difference between the from the time this takes, it symboli- of the Forum, mention some and politics to youth, gender, United Nations’ approach and that of cally privileges the colonial languages. of the ways that U.S. sociolo- sexual preference, feminism, Forum participants is that the U.N. Nevertheless, the dominant voices at gists participated in the Nairobi and on and on. works with and through its state mem- the Forum are from the Global South. Forum, and detail how the Forum Described as the global alterna- bers, while Forum participants are secur- This is as it should be; the peoples from is likely to interest sociologists. My own tive, a space, a movement, the global left, ing rights on the ground. To give one the Global South are, at this historic account is based on my participation in ses- a peoples’ democracy, it is useful to men- example, one of the sessions I attended moment, the most threatened by global- sions and as an audience member of about tion that the main substantive theme of was given by Ethiopian farmers. In an ization and environmental catastrophes. a dozen sessions. With books now pouring the Forum is human rights. Of the 1,153 amazing presentation, they described Much will be written about the out of presses and the abundance of mate- individual sessions held in the first three their experiences with an IMF and World significance of the WSF, especially for rial on the web, interested individuals can days (the fourth brings sessions and par- Bank program that not only nearly global politics, but what might be missed easily find information. ticipants together), virtually all sessions ruined them but threatened Ethiopia’s is the substance of what is being said. had to do with human rights. entire agricultural sector. They went What the WSF provides is a venue for A Little Bit of History on to explain why genetically modi- the swapping and sharing of informa- The WSF is not unitary; it takes a vari- Concern for Human Rights tion on securing and expanding human ety of forums—world, thematic, regional, The best working definition of human Office of the United Nations High rights and mechanisms for networks that Commissioner for Human Rights, Frequently national, municipal. The first World Forum rights I have seen is by Louise Arbour, Asked Questions on a Human Rights-Based will operate to promote human rights World Social Forum Charter of Principles: High Commissioner of Human Rights, Approach to Development Cooperation (New throughout the year, from one Forum to www.forumsocialmundial.org.br/main. United Nations. She refers to human York and Geneva: United Nations, 2006): p. the next. php?id_menu=4&cd_language=2: 1: www.ohchr.org/english/about/publica- rights as being the “birthright of all tions/docs/FAQ_en.pdf.
unionize, for fair working conditions, ben- late 1990s and 2000s. Student organiza- efits, and wages, and for affirmative action tions also challenged the interpenetration Campus Organizing and Today’s and equity. Graduate assistants, who do of global corporations and campuses much of the undergraduate teaching, through participation in anti-corporate Movement Building Moment launched unions across the country. It was campaigns against “Killer Coke” and the Yale University grade strike in 1995-96 Wal-Mart, among others (Clawson 2003; by Walda Katz-Fishman, (NAFTA) and the destruction it meant that made national news and provoked a Featherstone 2002). Project South & Howard University to their livelihood, sparked a powerful retaliatory union-busting response. This Student activists organized against global process. Similarly, social move- strike also embodied the increasingly multiple forms of oppression. At On college campuses nationwide ments in the United States began to orga- harsh reality of academic workers, espe- Gallaudet University, the university for students are organizing with university nize. People marched in Seattle in 1999 to cially graduate the deaf, students workers who are fighting for living challenge the World Trade Organization. assistants and protested from wages. Graduate teaching assistants are People have gathered every January since part-timers, spring to fall 2006, forming unions. Protests are coordinated 2001 at the World Social Forum, a conver- and their unity demanding admin- against sweatshop-made goods. Campus gence of the movements and struggles of with other low- istration responsive- and community activists are organiz- the world’s peoples to proclaim “another wage campus ness to the needs ing against rape and violence toward world is possible” and to strategize how workers. of deaf students women. Students are organizing against to make it a reality (Katz-Fishman & Scott Corporate and preventing the racism, racial profiling, and the roll back 2006). In 2006 they took to the streets in globalization appointment of a of affirmative action on their campuses. support of immigrant rights; and since and the surge president they felt Students are protesting the war and the the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, they in sweatshops did not represent prison-industrial complex, against home- have marched to end the occupation in throughout the their community. lessness and poverty, against injustice Iraq. world inspired Students at Howard toward immigrants. In the aftermath of In this historic context, student activ- students to and Hampton hurricane Katrina, students at histori- ists responded to local and global issues boycott sweat- Universities helped cally black colleges and universities, as and challenges. In the 1990s, with jobs shop-made organize the camp well as at majority campuses, are orga- and wages deteriorating and college goods on university campuses. Successful out and protest of 5,000 at the Supreme nizing alternative spring breaks to help costs soaring, the United States Student campaigns against Nike in the mid-1990s Court in November 2006 to support affir- in the clean up and rebuilding efforts in Association organized for expanded and the formation of Student Labor Action mative action and racial diversity plans New Orleans and the Gulf Coast. access to higher education. Despite Coalitions on many campuses led to the for K-12 school districts in Seattle and St. The rise in student activism and cam- protests, the average tuition and fees at founding of United Students Against Louis. pus organizing is linked to the deepen- public institutions increased from $2,628 Sweatshops (USAS) in 1998 by student Critical Questions and Reflections ing crises and growing social struggles in in the 1986-87 academic year to $5,836 activists from 30 schools. Victorious society as a whole. in 2006-07 (Mathews 2006). This year, campus sit-ins at Duke, Georgetown, There are critical questions organizers the Democratizing Education Network Universities of Arizona, Michigan, North must explore and answer as we move for- In the Beginning (DEN) is calling for an April Mobilization Carolina-Chapel Hill, and Wisconsin in ward: What is our relationship to student In the 1980s, 1990s, and first decade for full public funding of higher educa- 1999, energized USAS and the organiza- activists as teachers and activists? How of the 21st century, corporate globaliza- tion and eventually “free” higher educa- tion of the Workers Rights Consortium as do we bridge the historic divide between tion and neoliberalism took hold in the tion, affirmative action, an end to racism its monitoring mechanism (Clawson 2003; campus and community? How are stu- United States and across the globe, as and sexism, and a full higher education Featherstone 2002). dent organizing and our own activism the reforms and social safety net of the democracy charter (DEN 2007). USAS and the Jobs with Justice Student connected to today’s rising social move- 1960s and 1970s came under attack. Labor Action Project joined in larger social ment for justice, equality, and liberation? The Zapatista uprising in Mexico on Labor Pains and Globalization movement mobilizations, including global What is our vision? What is our long-term January 1, 1994, in opposition to the The degradation of academic labor social justice and living wage campaigns political strategy? North American Free Trade Agreement sparked organizing drives for the right to for low-wage campus workers in the See Organizing, page 9 March 2007 Footnotes
Replacement, from page 1 Paul Ciccantell Joins the NSF which have generally had a high retire- and Development Department last ment rate, on the one hand, and with examined this issue, the ratio of the Sociology Program psychology, which has generally had a number of those leaving tenured or is soliciting external reviews of research relatively low rate (see Table 1). tenure-track positions to the number of fter working several years on both proposals, Ciccantell said that “the best Given the low replacement rate, by tenure-track replacements was one to A the dissertation advisory panel and preparation for this [position] for me 2003 we would expect a low unemploy- one. We hope to re-examine this issue the regular grant advisory panel at the were the professional networks I devel- ment rate and a low involuntary out-of- when the ASA’s department survey National Science Foundation (NSF), oped through ASA, field rate because of the potential labor goes into the field in fall of 2007. last August Paul Ciccantell, Western my current institu- shortage of new sociologists to replace Even if tenure-track positions con- Michigan University, was appointed tion, my previous the retirees. Although the unemploy- tinue to be created in sociology, will all Sociology Program Director at the NSF. institution of Kansas ment rate for doctoral-level sociologists of them be filled? Recently, we heard of NSF is a major source of funding for State University, was low in 2003 (less than half of the a sociology department at a master’s sociological research at the dissertation and during my national rate for all workers), it grew comprehensive university that is being and post-dissertation level. In addition to graduate training between 2001 and 2003 (from 0.9 percent merged into a psychology department the two regular funding cycles for regu- at the University of to 2.6 percent). As of 2003, sociology because of unsuccessful searches to lar and dissertation proposals, the NSF Wisconsin.” had the highest unemployment rate replace retirees. This may be atypi- has a series of funding initiatives, includ- While his past among the social science disciplines. cal, but it suggests that we need to ing the Human and Social Dynamics and current net- Psychology had the next highest rate assess whether tenure-track positions (HSD) priority area. works have pro- at 1.7 percent and economics had the in sociology departments are becom- Paul Ciccantell In August 2006, Ciccantell began a vided Ciccantell lowest rate. However, the growth in ing less attractive, and, if so, why? Are two-year term as Sociology Program with contacts he unemployment greater demands Director at NSF. His temporary appoint- can turn to for reviews or suggestions among PhD-level to raise outside ment to this Visiting Scientist position is for other reviewers, he would be happy sociologists may be Assuming that the increased funds, to teach made possible by the Visiting Scientist, to hear from new volunteers for this an aberration, since unemployment rate is an aberration, more courses or Engineer, and Educator (VSEE) Program “very important service to the disci- over the decade students, and to will the low replacement rate have a and NSF’s IPA (Intergovernmental pline.” Besides the service that reviewers unemployment perform more Personnel Act) program, under which provide for the discipline, contributing rates in sociol- positive impact on PhD employment? service negatively some 40 percent of NSF’s 1,300 scientific to the review process is an opportunity ogy have hovered affecting job and technological staff are employed. He for individuals wishing to enhance their around 1 percent. Future years will tell satisfaction? joins the ranks of what are referred to in professional development, which is why whether 2003 is aberrant or the start of Finally, positions outside the aca- the agency as NSF “rotators.” Ciccantell is particularly interested in a trend. demic sector in applied, research, and Ciccantell is replacing Beth Rubin, encouraging new faculty to take advan- In addition, between 2001 and 2003, policy positions may be considered University of North Carolina-Charlotte, tage of this opportunity. the percentage of PhD sociologists who to be out of field by numbers of new who served in this position from 2004-06. Overall, Ciccantell considers his reported that they were employed out- PhDs socialized to think of academic It was through his experience with the experience at NSF over the past couple side of their field involuntarily increased positions as their true calling. The advisory panels that Ciccantell devel- of months to be a positive one, although from 4.1 to 5.1. However, the 2003 figure ASA Research and Development oped an interest in the NSF position. at times he has felt frustration and disap- represented a decline from the 6.9 per- Department will continue to provide Because of the significant funding that pointment due to limited funding that cent-high in 1995, and was a lower rate research on this topic. NSF provides for sociological research, precluded some very strong proposals. than in political science and other social he “learned the importance of the role of However, after finishing two rounds science disciplines. Data Sources National Science Foundation (NSF), Science the program directors in evaluating and of panels, he is happy to have had the Lingering Questions Resource Statistics. 2006. Characteristics supporting research.” opportunity to recommend support for of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers in the In his advisory positions at the NSF a number of excellent proposals, which Assuming that the increased unem- United States, 1996-2006. Arlington, VA: Ciccantell had the opportunity work is why he is looking forward to the next ployment rate is an aberration, will the NSF. Accessed
and Publications Committee, 2001-04 Candidates for ASA Offices in 2007 (Chair, 2002-2003); President, Eastern Sociological Society, 1998-99; Editor, June 2002; Scholarly Awards for Black Mobility in Russia, 1998-2002.” American Candidates for President-Elect Gender & Society, 1990-95. Feminist Thought: American Sociological Sociological Review 69:677-703; Hout, Patricia Hill Collins Association, Jessie Bernard Award, 1993; Michael, and Claude S. Fischer. 2002. Positions Held in ASA: Committee on Society for the Study of Social Problems, “Why More Americans Have No Distinguished Scholarly Publication, Present Professional C. Wright Mills Award, 1991; Association Religious Preference: Politics and 2004-07 (Chair, 2005-07); ASA Council, Position: Distinguished for Women in Psychology, Distinguished Generations.” American Sociological 1993-96; Advisory Board and founding University Professor, Publication Award, 1991. Review 67:165-190; Fischer, Claude member, MOST, 1989-96; Annual Meeting Program Committee, 1988-90; Chair, Department of Personal Statement: I consider my aca- S., Michael Hout, Martín Sánchez Section on Sex and Gender, 1988-89. Sociology, University of demic career to be grounded in the best Jankowski, Samuel R. Lucas, Ann Maryland, 2005-Present; of classical sociology, namely, the “big Swidler, and Kim Voss. 1996. Inequality Selected Publications/Awards: Charles Phelps Taft arms” approach of American pragma- by Design: Cracking the Bell Curve Myth. Andersen, Margaret L. and Patricia Hill Distinguished Emeritus tism that views intellectual freedom as Princeton: Princeton University Press. Collins (Eds.). [1992] 2007. Race, Class, Professor of Sociology, essential for scholarly excellence and Personal Statement: Sociology exists, and Gender: An Anthology, 6th edition. University of Cincinnati, democratic communities. Rather than as Mills taught us, at the intersection of Belmont, CA: Wadsworth; Andersen, 2005-Present trying to squeeze myself into any one history and biography. For me history hit Margaret L. [1983] 2006. Thinking About Former Professional Positions Held: existing school of thought or meth- right as I was thinking about college. I Women: Sociological Perspectives on Sex Charles Phelps Taft Distinguished odology, my life’s work has centered grew up in Pittsburgh where the hulking and Gender, 7th edition. Boston, MA: Professor of Sociology, University of on exploring certain core questions, steel mills represented both the mag- Allyn & Bacon; Andersen, Margaret Cincinnati (1996-2005); Professor of wherever they took me. Investigating nitude and the permanence of inequal- L. and Howard F. Taylor. [2001] 2005. African American Studies, University them required working with people ity. For working class guys like me the Sociology: The Essentials, 4th edition, of Cincinnati, 1994‑2005; Associate whose interests and/or methodological mills were also our future livelihood. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing; Professor, 1987‑94; Assistant Professor, approaches differed markedly from my An alternative to the mills opened up Andersen, Margaret L. 2005. “Thinking 1982‑87. own. when Pennsylvania decided to subsidize About Women: A Quarter Century So what does this have to do with attending college. With reduced tuition View.” Gender & Society 19 (August): Education: PhD, Brandeis University, contemporary sociology? For one, sociol- for in-state students and generous grants 437-455; Recipient, American Sociological 1984; MA, Harvard University, 1970; BA, ogy is a “big arms” discipline whose from the state, I had the opportunity to Association Jessie Bernard Award, 2006. Brandeis University, 1969. flexibility has enabled it to accommodate pursue my dream of a college education. Personal Statement: ASA is a community Offices Held in Other Organizations: diverse points of view. Some see this Had I come along a decade earlier or of scholars, teachers, practitioners, and Editorial Board, Social Problems, 2002- flexibility as a problem, but I see it as a decade later, college probably would students. As such, it is an organization 06; Editorial Board, Feminist Theory, sociology’s strength. For another, just as have been out of reach. As my research that supports the different careers that 1998-2004; Alumni Council, Graduate I had to learn the value of thinking with and that of others has shown, I was not sociologists pursue while also promot- School of Education, Harvard University, others, sociology faces the challenge of alone. Many people from my cohort ing the public impact of sociological 1992‑96; Board of Directors, Great Rivers knitting together its distinctive constitu- benefited from the opportunities public research. With these missions in mind, it Girl Scouts Council, 1991-94; Second encies. We must ask, what are sociolo- investment provided. Upward mobil- is important that ASA embrace diverse Vice President, 1992-94; Advisory Board, gy’s core questions that might guide its ity was never greater—before or since groups—including students, those work- Project on Equal Education Rights, NOW future? More importantly, how might we then. Retrenchment through the 80s, 90s, ing in different employment settings, and Legal Defense and Education Fund, do sociology differently? How can we and this decade led to today’s regime of people of diverse social backgrounds. My 1992‑94. craft sociological practices that encour- rationed opportunities. Documenting the experience as a teacher, scholar, com- Positions Held in ASA: Member, age very different kinds of people to causes and consequences of inequality munity leader, and administrator suits Annual Meeting Program Planning think with one another about key social and discovering ways to reduce it have me well for helping to achieve these Committees, 2004, 2005; Member, issues that affect us all? been my goals in my past and current goals. I have had extensive experience Editorial Board, Contexts, 2004-Present; research. within ASA, my first service being as Member, Editorial Board, Contemporary Michael Hout I’ve always been proud to be part of a member of the Minority Fellowship Sociology, 1997-98; Member, Editorial ASA. I see it as our collective home base. Selection Committee. Some of my most Present Professional Board, Teaching Sociology, 1989‑91; Here we acknowledge the past, do the gratifying professional service has been Position: Professor of Member, ASA Council, 1994‑97; Member, work of the present, and prepare our- serving as one of the founders of the first Sociology, University Committee on Nominations, 1988-90; selves and our students for the future. MOST program—a project that brought of California-Berkeley, Chair, Minority Fellowship Program The honor to be nominated to serve in together a diverse and multiracial group 1989-Present Committee, 1985-88. this way thrills me. I hope to make the to establish a training program for under- Former Professional most of this opportunity. Publications: Collins, Patricia Hill. 2007. graduate students, thus helping to realize Positions Held: “Pushing the Boundaries or Business our vision for a more inclusive profes- Associate Professor of sion. Since then, as a member of the ASA as Usual? Race, Class, and Gender Candidates for Vice-President Studies and Sociological Inquiry,” in Sociology, University of Council, the Program Committee, and in Sociology in America: A History, edited California-Berkeley, 1985-89; Assistant other leadership venues, I have been a Margaret L. Andersen by Craig Calhoun. Chicago: University and Associate Professor of Sociology, voice for inclusion in our profession. At University of Arizona, 1976-84. the same time, as a teacher/scholar and of Chicago Press; Collins, Patricia Present Professional Hill. 2004. Black Sexual Politics: African Education: PhD, Indiana University, in my service as a university administra- Position: Edward F. and tor and leader in various professional Americans, Gender, and the New Racism. Sociology, 1976; MA, Indiana University, Elizabeth Goodman New York: Routledge; Collins, Patricia Sociology, 1973; BA, University of organizations, I have worked to try to Professor of Sociology, implement the promise of sociology: Hill. 2001. “Like One of the Family: Pittsburgh, History and Sociology, 1972. University of Delaware Race, Ethnicity, and the Paradox of U.S. using our knowledge, teaching, and Offices Held in Other Organizations: Former Professional service to foster an understanding of National Identity.” Ethnic and Racial President, Research Committee on Studies, 24(1):3-28; Collins, Patricia Positions: Visiting how the social structures of society shape Stratification and Mobility (RC28), Professor, Stanford the lives of diverse women and men Hill. 1990, 2000. Black Feminist Thought: International Sociological Association, Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics University, 1999-2000; and to try to transform the practices that 1998-2002; Chair, General Social Survey, Interim Dean, College of Arts and produce social injustice. I believe I have of Empowerment. New York: Routledge; Board of Overseers, 1997-2001. Collins, Patricia Hill, and Margaret Sciences, University of Delaware, 1997- the vision, as well as the work habits, to Andersen, (Eds.) [1992] 2007. Race, Class, Positions Held in ASA: At-large mem- 99. Vice Provost for Academic Affairs, provide strong national leadership within and Gender: An Anthology, 6th edition. ber, Committee on Publications, 2005-07; University of Delaware, 1990-97; Visiting our profession. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing. Chair, Sociology of Education Section, Professor, Massachusetts Institute of 2006-07; Member, Task Force on Journal Technology (Women’s Studies), Fall 1984; Cecilia Ridgeway Professional Accomplishments: Diversity, 2000-02; At-large member, ASA Director, Women’s Studies, University of American Sociological Association, Council, 1997-2001; Chair, Section on Delaware, 1981-85. Present Professional Distinguished Publication Award Methodology, 1997-99. Position: Lucie Stern for Black Sexual Politics, 2007; Myron Education: PhD, University of Professor of Sociology, and Margaret Winegarden Visiting Publications and Professional Massachusetts-Amherst, 1976; MA, Stanford University Professorship, University of Michigan- Accomplishments: Fischer, Claude University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Former Professional Flint, Department of Philosophy, Spring S., and Michael Hout. 2006. Century of 1973; BA, Georgia State University- Positions Held: 2005; Bryan University Chair, Visiting Difference: How America Has Changed Atlanta, 1970. Associate to full Professorship, University of Kentucky, in the Last Hundred Years. New York: Offices Held in Other Organizations: Professor of Sociology, Women’s Studies and African American Russell Sage Foundation; Greeley, Board of Visitors, Georgia State University of Iowa, Studies, 2002-03; Benjamin Meaker Andrew, and Michael Hout. 2006. The University College of Arts and Science, 1985-91; Assistant to Associate Professor Visiting Professorship, University of Truth About Conservative Christians. 2005-Present; Chair, National Advisory of Sociology, University of Wisconsin- Bristol, United Kingdom, Department of Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Board, Center for Comparative Milwaukee, 1972-85. Sociology and the Center for the Study of Gerber, Theordore P. and Michael Hout, Studies in Race and Ethnicity, Stanford 2004. “Tightening Up: Intergenerational Ethnicity and Citizenship, January and University, 2002-Present; SSSP Editorial See Candidates, page 8 March 2007 Footnotes
of people feel with [Fernandes], then you Protest and Trust at Gallaudet University don’t feel you can achieve.”2 Feeling safe and connected is the ideal by Margaret Weigers Vitullo1, ferent strategies depending on their cur- She stated that Gallaudet would have condition of the family and the basis for Gallaudet University rent levels of power and control as well to raise standards and tell students who normative trust. Academia, in contrast, as their political circumstances. were unprepared to perform at a college is based on calculative trust. Admission Between May and October 2006, The difference in meaning between level that they would need to enroll in standards, assignments, and grading Gallaudet University was held in the Deaf and deaf begins to reveal the basis community college first, and when ready, criteria must be fair and clear; work grips of a protest. At the height of the of the normative trust system used by transfer to Gallaudet. must be judged carefully and impartially. protest, classes were cancelled, the main the protestors. The capitalization of Deaf Fernandes’ suggestion addressed a Individuals are included or excluded academic building was taken over and signifies an entire culture that shares fundamental challenge in deaf education. based on performance that satisfies the occupied by student protestors, a hunger a language (American Sign Language The vast majority—up to 95 percent—of necessary criteria. strike was called, the entire campus was or ASL), unique literary forms such deaf children are born to hearing adults Shifting Power Dynamics locked down for four days, and over as hand-shape stories, and a long and (Mitchell and Karchmer 2004). Therefore, 130 students were arrested. The pro- proud history in the United States. many deaf children do not get access to In the ASR article, the authors stress test ended when the Board of Trustees Without the capitalization, deaf signifies full language until they are of school age, that groups are not limited to one trust- voted to rescind their selection of Dr. an audiological condition—not being and then only if their parents enroll them building strategy—they have cultural Jane Fernandes as the next President of able to hear sounds in the “normal” in an educational program based on repertoires of approaches. When faced Gallaudet. range. In the Deaf-World, being deaf is ASL. A long-term effect of missing early with a greatly changed power dynamic The protest was a moment of glory an ethnic trait (Lane, Hoffmeister, and exposure to language becomes evident in due to the political crisis of the Intifada and pride for many Deaf people in Bahan 1996). Deaf Pride is a beauti- the academic performance of many deaf el Aqsa, the Israelis began using norma- America. A few months after the protest ful concept full of meaning and light. children. While far from universal, many tive trust strategies and the Jordanians ended, the Bay Area Gallaudet alumni Deafhood is the lived experience of a deaf students’ switched to association organized a huge “Deaf Unity Deaf person (Ladd 2003). academic calculative Gala” in San Francisco and flew in four of performance trust strate- the student protest leaders. The Internet Membership in the Family is well below gies. What announcement of the event explained, To the Gallaudet protestors, sup- grade level. remains to be “As a result of the protest, there has been porting the protest was a characteristic In the years seen is if the raised national awareness and recogni- of Deafhood. As long as you “got it” after the pas- people who tion, national and international media you were in—whether deaf, hard of sage of the supported attention, and reawakened discussion hearing, or even hearing—because Americans with the protest on American Sign Language” (DCARA the litmus test for trust was a desire to Disabilities Act at Gallaudet 2006). have membership in the family. In the (ADA) made will make a The air of victory permeating the Deaf-World, Gallaudet is seen as the providing inter- similar shift. campus was dampened by other post- symbolic “home.” Students who wanted preters to deaf The interim protest events. After the Board’s deci- to re-enter campus during the lockdown students a legal president, Dr. sion, Senator John McCain resigned from were asked at the gate if they supported requirement, Robert Davila, the Board of Trustees, saying “I cannot the protest. As long as they affirmed Gallaudet’s has signaled in good conscience continue to serve their support, they could come home enrollment declined, with many high- his support for the protest by appointing on the board after its decision to termi- (figuratively, and in the case of the many achieving deaf students choosing main- protest leaders to key positions in his nate [Fernandes’] appointment, which students living in the dorms, literally). stream colleges and universities. Yet, just administration. He has also made clear I believe was unfair and not in the best Power, people who use normative as historically black colleges and univer- that he intends to respond effectively to interests of the university” (Kinzie 2006). trust often have few other forms of sities continued to have a special niche the concerns raised by the Middle States Because more than 70 percent of the power or control. Without the controls after the end of segregation, Gallaudet Commission on Higher Education, and university’s funding is from the federal necessary to make people outside the has continued to attract quality students put Gallaudet University back on solid government, this resignation is a poten- family conform, they try to draw people seeking the advantage of complete com- footing as a university. The success of his tial disaster for Gallaudet. Moreover, into their family to gain power. In the munication access and the experience efforts may well depend upon his ability in the wake of the protest the Middle ASR article on the Israeli/Jordanian of being the majority on campus. Yet, in to make use of a full repertoire of trust- States Commission on Higher Education textile factory, the researchers report that the post-ADA era, Gallaudet is only one building strategies. decided to place a “hold” on Gallaudet’s in the beginning of the collaboration the option available to academically excel- Endnotes reaccreditation, and it sent a high profile Jordanians had difficulty meeting the lent deaf students. team to the university to communicate— Israeli production timelines and quality 1 Following Dorothy Smith’s feminist stand- What Went Wrong point theory (1990), which inevitably influ- among other concerns—that the protest standards. The Jordanians responded by ences my analysis, making certain aspects of was in clear violation of the standards of trying to blur the boundaries between When Fernandes suggested entrance social structure visible to me, and perhaps accreditation because it interrupted the personal and professional realms. requirements and more stringent per- obscuring other aspects. I am a hearing, white woman who views my 10 years of educational process. The parallel between factory produc- formance evaluations for students at work at Gallaudet and my acceptance by How could a protest that was widely tion and quality standards, and aca- Gallaudet, she spoke words that made many Deaf friends and colleagues as a perceived as a glorious moment of Deaf demic rigor and grades is clear. In the sense within the world of academia and tremendous privilege. I also was actively unity simultaneously raise questions and publicly opposed to the protest at normative home and family approach calculative trust systems. However, her Gallaudet. While my standpoint influences about the fundamental credibility of the to trust, you know you can always go plan struck at the heart of normative my analysis, it does not necessarily weaken university? What accounts for the com- home. Most students who fail in college trust. Gallaudet is widely viewed as it. plete disjuncture between these views of 2 The alumna was the daughter of one of the go home. But when college is home, the “Deaf Mecca” (Mowl 2006). Mecca wel- three finalists for the position of president. the protest at Gallaudet? situation becomes far more complicated. comes every member of the community who is financially and physically able to References Trust in Political Conflict Normative or Calculative? make the trip. Within the Deaf-World, Deaf Counseling, Advocacy, and Referral A 2007 American Sociological Review Calculative trust explains the inher- Fernandes committed blasphemy—she Agency (DCARA). “Deaf Unity Gala with (ASR) article on trust in political conflicts the Gallaudet Student Leaders” http:// ent conflict that arises when college wanted to regulate the gates of Mecca. www.dcara.org/gala/ sheds considerable light on this ques- becomes home. Calculative trust is based The protestors sent death threats to Kinzie S. 2006. “Gallaudet Trustees Chair tion. The authors did ethnographic work on evidence and performance. Based on Fernandes. They regularly drove slowly Resigns: McCain Also Leaves Board.” in an Israeli textile manufacturing plant Washington Post Nov. 8 B01. calculative trust, the Israeli managers past her home, and they set up coo-coo Ladd P. 2003. Understanding Deaf Culture: In located in Jordan. Their data collection felt free to tell Jordanian workers when clocks on her lawn. For supporting her, Search of Deafhood. Dawn Sign Press: San started before the Intifada el Aqsa began production did not meet standards. The the out-going president of the university, Diego. in 2000, and continued as the political Lane H., Hoffmeister R., Bahan B. 1996. A Israelis viewed this as a comment on Dr. Jordan, also received death threats. Journey into the Deaf-World. Dawn Sign conflict escalated. The authors explain work, completely apart from personal His adult daughter, who lives thousands Press: San Diego. that social actors draw on repertoires relationships. The Jordanians viewed of miles from Gallaudet, woke one morn- Mitchell R., Karchmer M. 2004. “Chasing the of trust-building strategies to establish Mythical Ten Percent: Parental Hearing the criticisms as a personal attack. In a ing to find her driveway carpeted in Status of Deaf and Hard of Hearing understanding and cooperation. Some relaxed moment between the Jordanians nails. The protestors personally attacked Students in the United States.” Sign strategies aim to build calculative trust; and Israelis, one of the Jordanian manag- these individuals because normative Language Studies. 4(2):231-246. other strategies focus on building norma- Mizrachi N., Drori I, Anspach R. 2007. ers teased that the Israelis would fire trust is about personal relationships “Repertoires of Trust: The Practice of Trust tive trust. Calculative trust is based on their own brothers if they didn’t perform and the family. In the normative trust in a Multinational Organization amid performance and competence, such as in well enough. system, if you feel personally attacked Political Conflict.” American Sociological impersonal and instrumental relation- Review. 72(1):143-165. The strong contrast between the at the level of your family, then retaliat- Mowl, Anthony. 2006. “Why I’m Protesting.” ships. Normative trust is based on a normative trust strategies inherent in ing at the same level may be viewed as Inside Higher Education. May 5, 2006. sense of belonging and feelings, such as the concept of Gallaudet as home to justified. Smith D. 1990. The Conceptual Practices of in families and communities. Although Power: A Feminist Sociology of Knowledge. the Deaf-World, and the calculative In an interview with BBC, a Gallaudet Northeastern University Press: Boston. the sociology of organizations literature trust strategies used by universities and alumna explained, “People want to feel often associates calculative trust with accrediting organizations was high- energized, to trust the people at the top. Join the discussion about this article “modern” societies, and normative trust lighted during the open-forum lecture At Gallaudet, if you feel safe, and you with “traditional” societies, the authors at
Erosion, from page 1
prevail in all aspects of political participa- alternative movements, and the commit- Ferguson, Right Turn: the Decline of the a timely reflection on race and gender in tion, a correlate of the disaffection, and ment of those who fight for the soul of a Democrats and the Future of American American law, culture, and society. the resulting political abstention, of the country they love. As the protesters say in Politics (Hill & Wang, 1986), was among Medea Benjamin, a leading U.S. poorer and less credentialed. the streets, “this is what democracy looks the first scholarly works to assess the peace activist, has been fighting most There is not enough space here to men- like.” enormous impact of Reagan’s presidency of her life for civil rights and social tion what American electoral regulations on the future of America and the world. justice here and abroad. Graduating forbid and allow. These are long-stand- The Plenary Speakers Rogers’ activism has focused on in public health and economics, she ing, anti-democratic pathologies. More Joel Rogers is a public intellectual strengthening democracy in the United worked 10 years in Latin America and than 20 years after the passage of the whom Newsweek identifies as one of the States—in the civil rights, peace, and labor Africa for important NGOs. In 1988, Civil Rights Act, the slow but organized 100 Americans most likely to affect U.S. movements and in the areas of election she co-founded Global Exchange, an suppression of the black vote continues. politics and culture in this century. A law, union organizing, regional economic organization preeminent in the struggle Combined with the disenfranchisement MacArthur “genius fellow,” he teaches development, and energy and pension for social, economic, and environmen- of former felons, it played a role in the sociology, law, and political science at policy. He is a contributing editor of the tal justice. Directing Global Exchange, suspect presidential elections of 2000 (e.g., the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Boston Review (for which he and Joshua Benjamin has been a key figure in Florida) and 2004 (e.g., Ohio). Jimmy where he directs the Center on Wisconsin Cohen have edited a remarkable series of organizing international actions against Carter often says that our electoral system Strategy and volumes) and of corporate globalization and the World does not meet his Center’s requirements the John R The Nation. Trade Organization, and in campaigning for observing an election. The corruption Commons American electoral regulations … are long- Patricia for fair-trade and against sweatshops of democracy revolves around the unholy Center. Williams, the standing, anti-democratic pathologies. (including the effort to draft Human trinity of money, media, and manipula- Rogers has James Dohr More than 20 years after the passage of Rights Principles for U.S. Businesses in tion. And the marketing of candidates is published Professor of Law China). She was the Green Party candi- one of the United State’s exports to the widely on the Civil Rights Act, the slow but organized at Columbia date for the U.S. Senate from California world. economic University since suppression of the black vote continues. in 2000. What, then, is there to signal a possible develop- 1991, is one of the Since September 11, 2001, Benjamin’s restoration of the rule of law and of the ment, industrial relations, comparative most original critical voices writing in all-consuming activity has been against nation’s founding principles? For those labor movements, democratic theory and America today. In granting her a “genius the war, starting with an extraordinary answers, we turn to our speakers. Hope American politics. His most recently writ- fellowship” in 2000, the MacArthur journey to Afghanistan in 2002. She is lodged in the extraordinary vitality ten or edited books show the synthesis Foundation stated: “Her voice has created has helped establish the Occupation of our civil society, the proliferation of of theory, empirical research, and public a new form of legal writing and scholar- Watch International Center in Baghdad. practice in his work: Working Capital: ship that integrates personal narrative, For some of the obstacles to voting in Her new and famous women’s group, America see Frances Fox Piven and Richard Using the Power of Labor’s Pensions (Cornell, critical and literary theory, traditional Cloward’s updated classic Why Americans CODEPINK, brought six Iraqi women 2001); America’s Forgotten Majority: Why the legal doctrine, and empirical and socio- Still Don’t Vote (Beacon, 2000). to New York and Washington in 2006. White Working Class Still Matters, with Ruy logical research.” A flabbergasting demonstration of how CODEPINK not only carries out imagi- American consultants operate is in Our Brand Teixeira (Basic, 2000); and What Workers Williams’s charming memoir, Open Is Crisis, Rachel Boynton’s 2005 documentary native anti-war actions but fights to Want, with Richard Freeman (Cornell, House: Of Family, Friends, Food, Piano on Bolivia’s presidential election of 2002. reorient our budget. It has 250 chapters 2006). His earlier publication with Thomas Lessons, and the Search for a Room of My throughout the United States (www. Own (Farrar, Strauss, 2004), is a declaredly codepinkalert.org) and a book edited by Shopping, from page 1 personal work and her acclaimed The Benjamin and Jodie Evans: Stop the Next Alchemy of Race and Rights (Harvard, War Now: Effective Responses to Violence who has come from out of town to see The stores that drew successive waves of 1992) is no less personal. As Catherine and Terrorism (Inner Ocean, 2005), one Color Purple [on Broadway] makes a trip to immigrant shoppers for more than a McKinnon writes, Alchemy “accomplishes of her many publications. In 2005, she our store!,” a manager of Carol’s Daughter, century have gradually yielded to new the near impossible: simultaneous depth was one of the 1,000 exceptional women a cosmetics firm with a flagship store on designer and vintage boutiques (mainly of engagement in law and world.” In nominated collectively for the Nobel 125th Street between Lenox and Fifth Ave., on Orchard, Rivington and Ludlow Sts.), all her work, academic or not, Williams Peace Prize. told one of my graduate students. ambitious restaurants (on Clinton St.), disentangles with unique wit and objec- ASA president Frances Fox Piven, Walking north on Lenox Ave. toward and artisanal cheese (in the old Essex tivity the esoteric processes by which the who needs no introduction, will preside 125th Street, through the Mt. Morris Street public market, at Delancey St., law subordinates African Americans, but over this plenary. We see it as comple- Historic District, you can admire 19th closed on Sundays). As in the old days, also calls them to make real through their mentary to President Ricardo Lagos’s century brownstone houses that have been the area’s new retail entrepreneurs come heroic struggle the liberating promise opening night plenary and to Barbara handsomely restored by new owners like from all over the world. Orchard Street the law contains. These qualities are well Ehrenreich’s interview of a lifelong Maya Angelou and Kareem Abdul-Jabar, between Houston and Delancey Sts. known to the readers of her column in The champion of democracy, Congressman stop for brunch at Settepani’s sidewalk offers a rare juxtaposition of historic eras Nation, “Diary of a Mad Law Professor,” café, or appraise the art at Tribal Spears and consumer cultures. Shoppers can John Conyers of Michigan. and browse designer clothing at Xukuma. peruse Gus’s Pickles, the last remain- Most of these businesses have opened in ing pickle maker on the Lower East from page 6 the past few years, helped by rising prop- Side, which sells sours and half-sours Candidates, erty values downtown, lower crime rates from barrels on the sidewalk in front throughout the city as well as Harlem, of the Tenement Museum next door to Education: PhD, Cornell University, 1998, 63:331-350; Ridgeway, Cecilia. and loans from the Upper Manhattan Il Laboratorio del Gelato, home of the 1972; MA, Cornell University, 1969; BA, 1997. “Interaction and the Conservation Empowerment Zone, an economic devel- $10 pint (but you can buy a small cup of University of Michigan, 1967. of Gender Inequality: Considering opment initiative funded by the federal, the intense dark chocolate and unusual Offices Held in Other Organizations: Employment.” American Sociological state, and city governments. They also ricotta flavors). The Tenement Museum President, Research Committee 42: Social Review 62:218-235; Ridgeway, Cecilia. respond to the desires of Harlem’s new also has a “vintage” gift shop nearby on Psychology, International Sociological 1992. Gender, Interaction and Inequality. Black middle class—investment bankers, Orchard Street. Association, 2006-Present; President, NY: Springer-Verlag. lawyers, actors, and writers—for better Where the Locals Shop Pacific Sociological Association, 1998-99; Professional Accomplishments: Fellow, shopping opportunities. With new high- National Science Foundation Sociology Center for Advanced Study in the rise apartments on Lenox Ave. and Central To see New Yorkers shopping in the Program Grants Panel, 1986-88. Behavioral Sciences, 2005-06; Cooley- Park North commanding as much as $1 most local mode, it’s best to go to Union Positions Held in ASA: Chair of the Mead Award winner for career contribu- million, and brownstone houses selling for Square Park (subway: #4, 5, 6, R, W, or tions to social psychology, 2005. $2 to $3 million, Harlem is at the peak of Q to 14th St.) on a Monday, Wednesday, Emotions Section, 2004-05; Editor, gentrification. Friday, or Saturday, when the Green- Social Psychology Quarterly, 2001-03; Personal Statement: Like many of you, I To see other results of the inflow market is open. Under big umbrellas, Nominations Committee Member, 1999- have become concerned with the increas- of investment, turn left on 125th Street farmers from the extended metropolitan 2000; Chair of the Social Psychology ing fragmentation of our discipline both and walk west to Frederick Douglass region sell fruits, vegetables, breads, Section, 1991-92; Committee on in terms of knowledge networks and in Boulevard, where Harlem USA, a glass- cheeses, fish, meats, and wines that they Committees Member, 1989-90. terms of communities of political inter- enclosed shopping mall, has brought the grow, raise, bake, or butcher themselves. Selected Publications/Awards: ests among sociologists. This fragmenta- neighborhood long awaited branches of The Greenmarket’s goal is to preserve Ridgeway, Cecilia, and Shelley J. Correll. tion is particularly counterproductive popular chain stores like Old Navy, as well regional agriculture, but New Yorkers 2006. “Consensus and the Creation of in the increasingly competitive resource as Hue-Man Books & Café, a stylish, Afro- shop at this, the first and largest of 50 Status Beliefs.” Social Forces 85:431-454; environment that our discipline faces. inflected alternative to Barnes & Noble. such farmers’ markets in the city, because Ridgeway, Cecilia, and Kristan Erickson. My own career has spanned a diverse set the food is quite simply the freshest and 2000. “Creating and Spreading Status of academic settings from less as well as From Boutiques to Cheeses the best. Because of the “locally raised” Beliefs.” American Journal of Sociology, from more privileged sectors of our pro- For many years the Lower East Side restrictions, the Greenmarket’s produce 106:579-615; Ridgeway, Cecilia, Elizabeth fession. As vice president, I would hope (subway: take F or V train to 2nd Ave, stay is not as varied as at Whole Foods across Boyle, Kathy Kuipers, and Dawn to draw on this experience to encourage south of Houston St. and walk east to Orchard 14th Street. But this is one of the city’s Robinson. 1998. “How Do Status Beliefs greater dialog among diverse communi- St.) seemed to be just as resistant to true public spaces—where it is a joy, not Develop? The Role of Resources and ties of sociologists. renewal as Harlem or Williamsburg. But a duty, to shop. Interaction.” American Sociological Review, here, too, low-price fabric and clothing March 2007 Footnotes
The answer, of course, lies in the culture of this discipline. The beliefs held by Public Sociology this group certainly exist in the larger society, but there is little discourse about the nature of these beliefs within the physics community itself. The lack of dis- Sociology translates to public action . . . course is, in fact, a product of this particular combination of beliefs. The first of these beliefs is thatscience is hierarchical with physics at the top. One This occasional column highlights sociologists who successfully engage soci- manifestation of this belief is the tendency of physicists to ignore social science ology in the civic arena in service to organizations and communities. Over the research, forget that it exists, or believe that it is inferior to their own research years, members of ASA and sociologists as individual professionals and citi- and theories. Some physicists have zens have sought to make the knowledge we generate directly relevant to our even gone so far as to say that communities, countries, and the world community. Many sociologists within social science is not really science The first of these beliefs is thatscience the academy and in other sectors practice the translation of expert knowl- at all. Another manifestation of this belief is common in the larger is hierarchical with physics at the edge to numerous critical issues through consultation, advisement, testimony, top.… Some physicists have even gone commentary, writing, and participation in a variety of activities and venues. culture, and has to do with the language used to describe dif- Readers are invited to submit contributions, but consult with Managing Editor so far as to say that social science is ferent types of science. Physical not really science at all. Johanna Olexy ([email protected], 202-383-9005 x312) prior to submitting science is “hard” and masculine, your draft (1,000 to 1,200 words maximum). while social science is “soft” and feminine, and easier than physical science. I have to admit that for most of my tenure at AIP, I too subscribed to this belief. I was awed by the perceived impor- tance of physics in our society and too often forgot the sociological training I A Sociologist in the needed to understand the community in which I worked. A derivation of this belief is the attitude that when dealing with social processes, Hard Science World anecdotal information is just as valid as data collected in a scientific study. It was this by Rachel Ivie, derivation that I encountered most often in the reactions to my data on women. American Institute of Physics My data were met with disbelief. How could women actually be represented on physics faculties in proportion with degree production in the past? After all, It was February 2005, and the president of Harvard University, Larry every physicist knows at least one woman who has dropped out of physics; Summers, had just released a transcript of his controversial remarks at a therefore, the pipeline must be leaking more women than men. Some women conference. In his remarks, Summers speculated that women do not achieve in physicists seemed to believe that our report was “covering up” the discrimina- science and math because of biological differences between the sexes. The day tion they had experienced first-hand (although other forms of discrimination the transcript was released, my phone rang. It was a reporter from the New York were documented in the report). Many physicists have at least some exposure Times. I am a sociologist at the American Institute of Physics (AIP) and there- to social science courses as undergraduates, but seem not to understand the fore the “go-to” person for questions about women in physics. When the difference between personal experience and scientifically collected data. reporter asked whether I had a comment, I told him that in fact, the AIP Perhaps we as sociologists ought to emphasize this distinction more in was about to release a statistical report that showed that the low rep- our introductory classes. resentation of women on physics faculties was due primarily to their The second widely held belief is that science is separate from social low representation among PhD recipients in the past. forces. As one scientist stated on a gender in science blog, “science is We posted the report on a Friday afternoon, and I sent the inherently unaware of gender: [T]he universe simply works however reporter the link. Monday afternoon, a story about our report it is that it works, independent of how we may perceive or describe was published on the Times website. The headline read “Women in it.” Physical phenomena such as gravity do act independently of Physics Match Men in Success.” By Tuesday morning, my voicemail society. However, most scientists are unaware of the social processes that was filled with requests for follow-up from reporters. While I was being govern their own pursuit of evidence, the organizations in which they interviewed on NPR’s Talk of the Nation, I missed CNN’s call. The story work, and their attempts to look at “diversity.” One example of the con- ran in several other print media, including the Chronicle of Higher Education. The sequences of this belief is illustrated by department chairs who exclaim “We’d media stories focused on the fact that in spite of Summers’s remarks, women love to hire a woman, but there just aren’t any,” while failing to acknowledge or can and do succeed in academic physics. attempt to change the structures that put such a system in place. Is this a case of “sociologist in a small non-profit makes good”? After all, the The process of professional socialization into the physics community ensures media attention had turned a report that might generate a few polite rounds of that the above beliefs are widely held and not questioned. These beliefs are held applause at a physics conference into the story du jour. In spite of the positive even by those who notice the inequality in the system and work to change it. press, my report was received with confusion and hostility from some parts of Some well-intentioned physicists think that problems related to gender in sci- the physics community. This attitude continues today, two years later. ence can be solved by simply forming a “women’s committee” or organizing a I was totally unprepared for the resistance our findings met. For one thing, “women’s conference.” Both of these efforts, while well-intentioned, suffer from I was hired for my research methodology expertise and knew surprisingly lack of knowledge about social science literature on inequality and ignore the little about the sociology of science when I came to work at AIP. I followed social processes structuring science as a profession. proper research techniques, presented the data and my methodology, and Lest I paint too grim a picture of the situation of a sociologist in a physics then assumed that scientists could accept what the data showed. After all, our organization, I should add that some physicists are appreciative of the knowl- results indicated that women can, and do, get jobs in physics. Thirty years edge that social science brings to bear on issues that are important to them, of efforts by dedicated scientists to recruit and retain women physics faculty such as inequality in science. One task for me as a sociologist is to understand had some effect. Evidence suggests that women in other scientific fields are how these physicists came to reject the dominant beliefs of their culture. But a not hired at their availability rates. Why were so many physicists upset at our far more important task is to continue to use the sociological perspective in my report? work so that those who are listening may hear its voice.
Organizing, from page 4
We do not have the space and time in activists to move as co-equals with com- exploitation, to have a clear vision of the Against Sweatshops. 2002. Students Against this article to fully explore these questions, munity and low-income activists can be future we are struggling to create, and Sweatshops. New York, NY: Verso. which Rose Brewer and I began a dia- a difficult process. It takes time, patience, to develop a political strategy for system Katz-Fishman, Walda and Jerome Scott. 2006. “A Movement Rising: Consciousness, logue on at an ASA workshop, “Preparing intentionality, and hard work in order transformation, human liberation, and Vision, and Strategy from the Bottom Up.” Students as Activists,” in August 2006. to understand our “relative privilege,” protection of the earth. In Public Sociologies Reader, (Eds.) Judith We can share a few reflections, based on and to build relationships and trust so With space at future ASA meetings, Blau and Keri E. Iyall Smith, 69-81. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. years of activism and movement building students have a place at the social move- we will delve deeper into these questions, Mathews, Jay. 2006. “Spikes in College Price in Project South, as scholar activists and ment table. which are essential to a movement-build- Tags Not So Sharp.” The Washington Post movement builders in community spaces Organizing, including campus orga- ing strategy. We invite all student and (October 25), A4. Nelson, Cary (ed.). 1997. Will Teach for Food: (Katz-Fishman & Scott 2006). nizing, at its best is part of a larger project scholar activists to join us at the U.S. Social Academic Labor in Crisis. Minneapolis, In today’s movement-building of social movements and social transfor- Forum in Atlanta, June 27-July 1, 2007, in MN: University of Minnesota Press. moment—increasing activity, developing mation. The movement we are building is this historic moment (www.ussf2007.org). Project South: Institute for the Elimination of Poverty & Genocide. 2007. www.project- consciousness, and converging of strug- rooted in the convergence of many fronts south.org accessed January 12, 2007. gles—student and scholar activists are an of struggle. It is multi-issue, multi-sector, Santos, Boaventura de Sousa. 2006. The Rise of essential part of the movement, as in past and crosses divides of race, class, gender, References the Global Left: The World Social Forum and Beyond. New York, NY: Zed movements. A key challenge is creating a nationality, and age. It is multi-racial, Clawson, Dan. 2003. The Next Upsurge: Labor and the New Social Movements. Ithaca, Books. critical classroom and campus space that multi-gendered, multi-generational, and NY: Cornell University Press. Student Labor Action Project. 2007. jwj/ respects the integrity of that diverse social is locally grounded, nationally con- Democratizing Education Network – DEN. projects/slap.html accessed January 12, 2007. location while simultaneously being a nected, and globally networked. Campus 2007. www.democratizingeducation.org accessed January 12, 2007. U.S. Social Forum. 2007. www.ussf2007.org bridge to more complex community and organizing needs to see the big picture Featherstone, Liza and United Students accessed January 12, 2007. movement spaces. For student and scholar of systems of multiple oppressions and 10 March 2007 Footnotes
Stark, David & Balazs Vedres, Columbia NSF Awarded $8.7 million for Sociological University, Network Dynamics in an Emerging Democracy, jointly funded with the Office of International Science and Research and Education in 2006 Engineering, $189,346. Stets, Jan, University of California- Hillmann, Henning, Stanford University, Riverside, Advancing Identity Control Commerce and Crime: States, Property Rights, Theory, $179,798. he Sociology Program at the National Science Foundation (NSF) announces T and the War on Trade, 1700-1815, $118,209. Swain, Carol, Vanderbilt University, it awards for basic research support and dissertation improvement grants for Inglehart, Ronald, Jon Miller, University Small Grant for Exploratory Research fiscal year 2006, which covers the period of October 2005-September 2006 (see list of Michigan, The Human Component of Social (SGER): Exploring Citizen Reactions to below). The Program funded 46 new research projects (including three collabora- Change, jointly funded with Science and Immigration, jointly funded with Political tions) and 39 doctoral dissertation improvement grants. It also supported a work- Society, $198,900. Science, $30,661. shop and a travel grant that allowed ASA to defray travel costs for participants Kohn, Melvin, Johns Hopkins University, Treiman, Donald, William Mason & in the 2006 World Congress of Sociology that took place in Durban, South Africa. Social Structure and Personality during the Shige Song, University of California-Los (See March 2006 Footnotes, pp. 10-11, for details on the 2005 NSF sociology grants.) Transformation of Urban China, $200,000. Angeles, Internal Migration in China: Data NSF is a significant source of funding for basic research in sociology. Of the Collection and Analysis, jointly funded nearly $400 million received by the discipline’s researchers from both govern- Leicht, Kevin, University of Iowa, State with Methodology, Measurement and ment and non-government sources of research support, the federal govern- Investments in Successful Transitions to Statistics, and Geography and Regional ment—which includes NSF and other research agencies—provides nearly half, Adulthood, $127,819. Studies, $238,249. according to national statistics on R&D expenditures. In addition to the NSF Maume, David & Sarah Estes, University Yamaguchi, Kazuo, National Opinion support that sociologists receive for work in interdisciplinary research, science of Cincinnati, Nonstandard Schedules, Work Research Center, Multi-level Risk-inter- and math education research, and special initiatives such as the multi-million-dol- and Family Life, $194,990. dependence Models for Competing Events lar Human and Social Dynamics initiative (see January 2007 Footnotes, p. 1), NSF Massey, Douglas, Princeton University, and their Applications to Social and funding from the Sociology Program supports more narrowly focused sociologi- Collaborative Research: Migration & Social Demographic Research, jointly funded cal research. Dynamics; Unpacking the Black Box of with Methodology, Measurement and Included in the awards listed below are three CAREER awards (from the Cumulative Causation, $47,400. Statistics, $170,000. Faculty Early Career Development Program), which is an NSF-wide activity that Maynard, Douglas, University of offers NSF’s most prestigious awards for junior faculty members to encourage Wisconsin-Madison, Recruiting Respondents 2006 CAREER Awards them to practice, and academic institutions to value, the integration of research to the Survey Interview, jointly funded with Earl, Jennifer, University of California- and education. The awards provide five years of support, at a minimum award Methodology, Measurement and Statistics, Santa Barbara, CAREER: The Internet, amount of $400,000. Also, in the immediate aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, $360,000. Activism and Social Movements, the Sociology Program used the Small Grant for Exploratory Research (SGER) McCarthy, John, Pennsylvania State funding option to support four projects that enabled investigators to get in the jointly funded with Science and Society, University-University Park, Understanding $404,999. field immediately to collect data. Overall, the Sociology Program and other NSF the Likelihood of Occurrence and Dynamics programs and initiatives (as named in the list of grants below) jointly committed Owen-Smith, Jason, University of of Campus Community Public Order Michigan, CAREER: The Emergence more than $8 million to new sociology projects in 2006. Disturbances, $100,243. The Sociology Program holds two grant competitions annually (Regular and Ramifications of the United States Misra, Joya & Michelle Budig, University Knowledge Economy, jointly funded with Research proposal deadlines are August 15 and January 15; Dissertation of Massachusetts-Amherst, The Cross- Improvement proposal deadlines are October 15 and February 15) and is a major Science and Society, and Innovation and National Effects of Work-Family Policies on the Organizational Change, $402,004. source of sociological research funding as part of NSF’s mission to encourage Wage Penalty for Motherhood, $95,000. theoretically focused empirical investigations aimed at improving the explanation Pager, Devah, Princeton University, Molotch, Harvey, New York University, CAREER: Toward Improving the of fundamental social processes and structures. For information about sociol- Strategic Observers in the City: How They See ogy funding opportunities at NSF contact the Program Officers: Patricia White Conceptualization and Measurement of and What They Do, $150,000. Discrimination, jointly funded with [email protected], Paul Ciccantell [email protected], and Kevin Gotham kgotham@ Moore, Kesha, Drew University, nsf.gov. Law and Social Sciences, Research Planning Grant: and Methodology, Urban Neighborhood Measurement and 2006 Regular Grants Dinovitzer, Ronit, Joyce Sterling, Development and Statistics, $400,103. Robert Nelson & Bryant Garth, Community Well-being, Babones, Salvatore, University of 2006 Hurricane SGER American Bar Foundation, After the JD: $44,964. Pittsburgh, Globalization and the World Grants Legal Careers in Transition, jointly funded Obach, Brian, SUNY Economy, $41,143. with Law and Social Sciences, $355,341. New Paltz, Research Weil, Frederick, Bashi, Vilna, Rugters University, Dobbin, Frank, Harvard University, in Undergraduate Edward Shihadeh Strengthening Qualitative Research: Equal Opportunity Innovations at Work: Institutions (RUI): & Matthew Lee, Determining Identity in International Mechanisms for Reducing Job Segregation, Coalition Dynamics and Louisiana State Adoptions, $70,000. jointly funded with Innovation and Strategic Innovation in University, A&M, Small Brint, Steven, University of California- Organizational Change, and Law and the Organic Movement, Grant for Exploratory Riverside, Academic Organization in Social Sciences, $366,863. $85,000. Research: The Social American Higher Education, $80,532. Donato, Katherine & Melissa Olzak, Susan, Stanford Fabric Under Stress: Baton Cheshire, Coye, University of California- Marschall, Vanderbilt University, University, Collaborative Research Berkeley, Collaborative Research: Exchange Rouge’s Explosive Growth after Immigrant Parent Involvement in Schools, on Advocacy Group Activity and Legislative Network Transition: Uncertainty, Risk and Hurricane Katrina, jointly supported Communities and Politics, $300,898. Change Concerning the Environment, Shifts in Mode of Exchange, jointly funded by the Division of Social and Economic Faulkner, Robert & Howard Becker, $164,053. with Decision, Risk and Management Sciences, $59,942. University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Orum, Anthony & Maritsa Poros, Sciences, $103,559. Beggs, John, Jeanne Hurlbert, Wesley Repertoire in Action among Musicians, University of Illinois-Chicago, Immigrant Cohn, Ellen, Karen VanGundy & Shrum, Valerie Haines & Susan $115,000. Communities: A Study of Their Formation and Cesar Rebellon, University of New Dumais, Louisiana State University, Firebaugh, Glenn, Pennsylvania State Influence, $338,170. Hampshire, Cognitive Developmental A&M, Small Grant for Exploratory University-University Park, How Much Paxton, Pamela, The Ohio State University, Factors and Rule-violating Behavior: The Research: Social Networks and Displacement Satisfaction Does Income Buy? Cross- How Women Attain Political Power: Role of Personal Attributes, Attitudes and After Hurricane Katrina, jointly supported Country Comparisons, $60,271. Understanding Women’s Representation in Peers, jointly funded with Law and Social by the Division of Social and Economic Fitch, Catherine, Steven Ruggles, Parliaments, 1893-2003, $115,000. Sciences, $254,918. Sciences, $162,302. & J. Michael Oakes, University of Raymo, James & Robert Hauser, Cook, Karen, Stanford University, Johnson, James H, Jr., University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Marriage and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Life Collaborative Research: Exchange Network North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Small Economic Opportunity in the United States, Course Trajectories and the Retirement Transition: Uncertainty, Risk and Shifts Grant for Exploratory Research: Tracking $158,707. Process, $150,004. in Modes of Transition, jointly funded Migratory Behavior of Hurricane Katrina Gerstel, Naomi & Dan Clawson, Simpson, Brent & Barry Markovsky, with Decision, Risk and Management Evacuees, Phase I: Sample Identification, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, University of South Carolina, Power and Sciences, $103,997. Data Collection & Analysis, jointly sup- Explaining Job Hours and Schedules: Perception in Networks, jointly funded Correll, Shelley, Cornell University, ported by the Division of Social and Individual, Familial and Organizational with the Experimental Program to Motherhood and Labor Market Outcomes, Economic Sciences, $93,080. Processes in Four Health Care Occupations, Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), $85,108. $195,000. $228,440. Group Travel Crenshaw, Edward, J. Craig Jenkins, Galaskiewicz, Joseph, University of Spalter-Roth, Roberta, American Ohio State University, Ideology and Hillsman, Sally, American Sociological Arizona, Organizational Demography of Sociological Association, What Can I Do International Terrorism: Types of Terrorism Association, Group Travel for U.S. Youth Service Providers, $66,466. with a Bachelor’s Degree in Sociology? Phase and Their Structural Determinants, Participants in the XVI World Congress of Hagan, John, Holly Foster, American II, $79,200. $112,102. Sociology, Durban, South Africa, jointly Bar Foundation, Parental Incarceration and Soule, Sarah, Cornell University, Curran, Sara, University of Washington, funded with the Office of International Intergenerational Social Exclusion, jointly Collaborative Research on Advocacy Group Collaborative Research: Migration & Social Science and Engineering, $69,500. funded with Law and Social Sciences, Activity and Legislative Change Concerning Dynamics; Unpacking the Black Box of $292,928. the Environment, $180,000. Cumulative Causation, $252,600. See NSF, page 11 March 2007 Footnotes 11
NSF, from page 10 Call for Papers Workshop Grants of California-Irvine, Immigration and Council Briefs Meetings Cozzens, Susan, Georgia Institute of Trajectories to the Middle Class, $7,040. 8th International Conference on Asian Youth Technology, Workshop: Social Organization of Macy, Michael & Ko Kuwabara, Cornell and Childhoods 2007, November 22-24, 2007, Science and Science Policy, $67,699 University, Uncertainty, Reputation Lucknow, India. The conference will provide Effects and Relational Formation, $7,190. The ASA Council held its many opportunities for social science academics Dissertation Grants McGammon, Holly & Teresa Terrell, mid-year meeting on February and professionals to interact with members inside and outside their own particular disciplines. For Vanderbilt University, Community 3-4, 2007, in Washington, DC. Angel, Ronald & Javier Pereira Bruno, more information, visit
work in the sociology of education as well complete syllabi for all undergraduate scription>. Contact: Mathieu Deflem at ference, Chicago Marriott Downtown
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106; tca@ ing, especially at a community college or papers are to be no longer than 20 pages, ily Studies Section Newsletter. Recipients from Sweden and abroad with a variety of umich.edu;
The Week about mothers in the workforce Afghanistan. He was quoted by the As- Micki McGee, New York University, Washington Blade article on the changing and Statistics Association in Denver. The slowly starting to decline. sociated Press on January 21, 2007, in an was quoted on January 10, 2007, in USA views of Generation Next toward same- award was accepted on behalf of the Wyo- article on how troops communicate with Today, in an article on the recent increase sex marriage. ming Survey & Analysis Center, which Ginetta Candelario, Smith College, was people back home. Ender, was quoted of Self Help books released to coincide Grandjean directs. quoted in the New York Times on January in January 11 Associated Press article with the New Year. She is also the author Matthew Salganik, Columbia Univer- 18, 2007, in a piece on why American on the uses of high technology devices of Self-Help, Inc.: Makeover Culture in sity, Peter Dodds, and Duncan Watts, Paul Lichterman, University of Southern women strive for straight hair. bridging service-members family and American Life. Columbia University, had their research California, won the 2006 Distinguished friends around the world. The story was mentioned in the Financial Times. Book Award from the Society for the Andrew Cherlin, Johns Hopkins Univer- distributed on the newwires and appeared Miller McPherson, University of Ari- Scientific Study of Religion for Elusive sity, was quoted in David Brooks Op-ed in in at least two newspapers including the zona and Duke University, Lynn Smith- David R. Segal, University of Maryland, Togetherness: Church Groups Trying to Bridge The New York Times on why more and more Bradenton Herald and the Air Force Times. Lovin, Duke University, and Matthew was quoted in an op-ed column in the America’s Divisions. people are choosing not to get married on Brashears, University of Arizona, had New York Times by Bob Herbert on January January 18, 2007. Cherlin and William Kerry Ferris, Northern Illinois University, their research mentioned in a January 4 regarding soldiers’ attitudes toward the Susan Silbey, Massachusetts Institute of O’Hare, Annie E. Casey Foundation, were had her research on celebrity stalking 14, 2007 Op-ed in the San Francisco war in Iraq. He was quoted in editorials Technology, was awarded a Doctor Hono- quoted in a January 11 New York Times featured in the January 15, 2007, issue of Chronicle. in several newspapers on this topic, in- ris Causa at the Ecole Normale Superieure, article on Census report findings that People magazine. cluding The Day on January 7 and 8. On Cachan, France, in November 2006. children’s quality of life is on the rise. Madonna Harrington Meyer, Douglas January 11 he was quoted in the Kansas Juanita Firestone, University of Texas, Wolf, and Christine L. Himes, Syra- City Star and on January 12 in the San Jose Héctor R. Cordero-Guzmán, Baruch Col- appeared on the syndicated radio show cuse University, were mentioned in the Mercury-News regarding the disparity be- lege - CUNY, and Guillermina Jasso, New A World of Possibilities on “Imperial Over- Washington Post on September 21 for tween the sacrifice that soldiers and their York University, were quoted in the New stretch: The disempowerment of the their projections on race differences in families are making in contrast to the rest Transitions York Times on January 20, 2007. Cordero- American Armed Forces?” eligibility for Social Security spouse of the nation. This story was also carried Guzmán, was also quoted in a Newsday and widow benefits. Meyer appeared in other McClatchey newspapers. On Deirdre Oakley has accepted a faculty article on February 8, 2007. Kathleen Gerson, New York University, on the ABC Nightly News on January 16 January 11 he was quoted in the Atlantic position in the Sociology Department at was quoted in a January 14 article about to discuss race differences in the retreat Free Press (Netherlands) on research that Georgia State University. Bill D’Antonio and Tony Pogorelc, both women hiding their purchases from hus- from marriage. shows the small percentage of Americans of The Catholic University of America, bands and boyfriends even when the item who know anyone who was killed in Iraq. Héctor R. Cordero-Guzmán, Baruch Col- had their study of the social movement is bought with their own money. Peter C. Moskos, John Jay College of He was interviewed on WUNC (NPR, lege-CUNY, was promoted to full profes- Voice of the Faithful cited in an article in Criminal Justice, was quoted in the Chapel Hill) on January 9 and on WYPR sor effective January 1, 2007. the January 19 National Catholic Reporter, Barry Glassner, University of Southern January 9, 2007, New York Times in an (NPR, Baltimore) on January 16 on the noting the fifth anniversary of the move- California, was interviewed by U.S. News article about Newark, NJ, Mayor Corey projected troop surge in Iraq, and on Open ment. D’Antonio also spent 40 minutes & World Report on January 14 on America’s Booker’s new Narcotics Unit. Source on WGBH (PRI, Boston) on Janu- answering questions about the role of relationship with food and he was quoted ary 23 on the future of the all-volunteer religion in the U.S. Congress on NPR on on Salon.com on January 23, 2007. Samuel P. Oliner, Humboldt State Uni- military. People January 4, with Scott Simon. versity, was quoted on January 7, 2007, in Kieran Healy’s book, Altruism and the the New York Times, in an article on why Rachel Sherman, Yale University, was Gary L. Albrecht, University of Illinois- Mathieu Deflem, University of South Market for Human Blood and Organs was people perform heroic acts. interviewed on National Public Radio’s Chicago, was elected to the 2007 electorate Carolina, was mentioned in an op-ed reviewed by the New York Times on Janu- All Things Considered on February 6, 2007, nominating committee of the American on the ISM project at NYU, “Art Project ary 28, 2007. Martin Oppenheimer , R u t g e r s about her research on the complex rela- Association for the Advancement of Sci- Adds to List of ‘Isms’,” The New York Sun, University, wrote a letter to the editor tionship between service staff at five-star ence Section on Social, Economic, and January 16, 2007. He was also interviewed Cedric Herring, University of Illinois-Chi- about immigration issues that appeared hotels and the hotel guests. Political Sciences. on the House passage of a new anti-terror- cago, was quoted extensively in a National in the January 27, 2007, issue of the ism bill on CBS News Radio, New York, Public Radio segment dealing with the Trenton Times. Gregory D. Squires, George Washington Anthony Cortese, Southern Methodist January 9, 2007. impact of diversity on corporate earnings. University, published three op-eds on University, delivered the keynote address, Herring’s research on the impact of diver- Orlando Patterson, Harvard University, the forthcoming school desegregation “Faces Seen, Hearts Unheard: Mexican Michele Dillon, University of New sity was also the focus of a story in the wrote an article in the Washington Post, decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in Immigration to the United States,” at Hampshire, was quoted about the role Washington Post. Related stories also ran on January 7, 2007, in response to a the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel on Janu- the University of Maine-Orono Latino of religion in the November elections in the Cincinnati Post, the Anchorage Daily Washington Post series on what it means ary 21, 2007, the Seattle Post Intelligencer Heritage Celebration. He also spoke to by the Pittsburgh-Tribune Review, the Erie News, the Journal Times, the Miami Herald, to be a black man. He also wrote an op- on January 26, 2007, and the Louisville The Department of Public Safety as well Times and News, and the Charleston Post DiversityInc. Magazine, the South Bend ed as a guest columnist in the January Courier-Journal on February 7, 2007. as faculty and student groups about his and Courier. She was featured on New Tribune, the Sarasota Herald-Tribune, the 13 New York Times discussing the failing recent book, Opposing Hate Speech. Hampshire Public Radio’s The Front Porch, Arizona Republic, Diverse:News in Higher war on drugs. Karen Sternheimer, University of South- and on Pacifica Radio. Education, and the Workplace Diversity ern California, appeared on CNN’s Ameri- Amitai Etzioni, George Washington Uni- News. Herring was also interviewed for a Peter Phillips and Andrew Roth, So- can Morning to discuss child performers versity, wrote an article in the fall 2006 George W. Dowdall, Saint Joseph’s Uni- television segment on Hispanics Today, and noma State University, appeared on the on January 10, 2007. She was also quoted Perspectives in Political Science. versity, was interviewed by Philadelphia’s for another segment that aired on WBBM- Riz Khan Show on Aljazeera English, on in a USA Today article on children’s birth- public radio stations, WHYY-FM and Radio, Chicago’s CBS Radio affiliate. The December 29, 2006, to discuss the work day parties on January 16, 2007. Kathleen Gerson, New York University, WRTI-FM, about the final report of the Washington Post featured Herring’s study of Project Censored and the 25 most un- has been elected the 2008-2009 president Mayor’s Blue Ribbon Commission on on diversity in the workplace on January der-reported news stories of 2005-2006. Rhys H. Williams, University of Cincin- of the Eastern Sociological Society. Children’s Behavioral Health. 15, 2007. The program and was re-broadcast three nati, was quoted in a front-page January times on New Year’s Day. 27 Boston Globe story on the anti-war David Grazian, University of Pennsylva- Peter Dreier, Occidental College, was Jerry A. Jacobs, University of Pennsylva- march in Washington, concerning the nia, has been elected the 2007-2009 trea- quoted in Neal Peirce’s weekly syndi- nia, was interviewed on Wisconsin Public Leslie Picca, University of Dayton, was effects on media coverage of having Jane surer of the Eastern Sociological Society. cated column on February 4 about how to Radio on January 19 to discuss how much interviewed by the Associated Press on Fonda and other celebrities speak at the reduce poverty and inequality in the U.S. Americans work on the weekend and January 31, 2007, for her research with rally. She was the guest on a local PBS Russell Hardin, New York University, was His column appears in more than 50 daily other time pressures faced by American Joe Feagin on backstage and frontstage program (WCNY, Central NY), Central elected as the 2007 chair-elect of the Amer- newspapers around the country. Dreier families. racial relations. Picca and Feagin were Issues, interviewed about the “surge” in ican Association for the Advancement of also authored an article, “John Edwards’ also interviewed by InsideHigherEd. Iraq undertaken by President Bush, and Science Section on Social, Economic, and War on Poverty,” published in the British Philip Kasinitz, CUNY Graduate Center, com about their forthcoming book Two- related issues. Political Sciences. newspaper, The Guardian, on January 29, was quoted in a front page story in the Faced Racism: Whites in the Backstage and 2007. His article, “Not Just for the Gentry,” New York Times on the racial identity of Frontstage. A story about their research William Julius Wilson, Harvard Univer- David Lavin, CUNY Graduate Center, and in the January 2007 issue of American Pros- Barack Obama on February 2, 2007. was also printed on the front page of the sity, and Richard P. Taub, University of Sharon Sassler, Cornell University have pect, focused on the tension between envi- Dayton Daily News on February 2, 2007. Chicago, had their study, “Racial, Ethnic, been elected to the 2007-2010 Executive ronmental concerns about “smart growth” Rachel Tolbert Kimbro, University of and Class Tensions in Four Chicago Committee of the Eastern Sociological and economic justice concerns about af- Wisconsin-Madison, was quoted on Janu- David Popenoe, Rutgers University, and Neighborhoods, and Their Meaning for Society. fordable housing. He coauthored an article ary 10, 2007, by the Associated Press, in an Steven P. Martin, University of Mary- America,” reviewed in the New York Times in the January/February 2007 issue of Tik- article on a new study that says adults liv- land, were quoted in a January 21 New on Sunday, January 7, 2007. Vincent Parrillo, William Paterson Uni- kun magazine, criticizing the mainstream ing with children tend to eat more fat than York Times article on the marriage gap versity has been elected the 2008-2009 media’s failure to report on grassroots grown-ups in children-free homes. between the educated and the less edu- Lee A. Smithey, Swarthmore College, vice-president of the Eastern Sociological organizing among Katrina survivors. His cated, especially among women and why interviewed for the NPR program On Society. article, “Jim Baker’s War,” was published Baruch Kimmerling, Hebrew University, there are so many single Americans. the Media about the Times story that an in the American Prospect on December had his book The Real Legacy of Ariel Sharon Iraq War veteran had been spat on at an David A. Sonnenfeld, Washington State 12, 2006. He was also quoted in articles reviewed in the December 21 New York Laura Raynolds, Colorado State Univer- anti-war march and rally. He was also the University, will be Guest Professor with in the Pasadena Star-News on December Review of Books. sity, was interviewed by Margot Adler guest on a local PBS program (WCNY, the Environmental Policy Group at Wa- 20, 2006, and the Los Angeles Times on on National Public Radio, Justice Talking, Central NY). geningen University (the Netherlands) in December 21, 2006, about the hiring of Eric Klinenberg, New York University, for a show on alleviating world poverty, May, where he will co-teach a graduate the new superintendent. He was quoted wrote an article in the New York Times, on regarding Fair Trade and its impact on course on “Superpowers in Global Envi- in an article by Ezra Klein, “Taking Back January 28, 2007, on how radios are still world poverty, aired on October 16, 2006. ronmental Politics: the U.S. and China”. the States,” in the American Prospect in the most reliable way to broadcast emer- She was also quoted and her research In addition, he has been invited to become January 2007 about the growing number gency information. cited in a December 18 article in the Mi- Awards an affiliate of the Sloan Industry Studies of Democratic governors. ami Herald regarding fair trade and Latin Program, and will participate in a Sloan- Patricia Leavy, Stonehill College, was American organic food production. Clifford Bob, Duquesne University, won sponsored workshop on globalization and Elaine Howard Ecklund, University at interviewed on CNN by Glenn Beck on the 2006 International Studies Best Book the pulp and paper industry at the Georgia Buffalo-SUNY, was interviewed about the state of the entertainment industry on Barbara Risman, University of Chicago, Award from the International Studies Institute of Technology, also in May. her study, Religion among Academic January 18, 2007. was quoted in the New York Times on Association for The Marketing of Rebel- Scientists, for a January 22, 2007, article January 27, 2007, in an article on what it lion: Insurgents, Media, and International Joan Spade, SUNY Brockport, has been in Newsweek about the Harvard Task Force Jerry Lembcke had his research into the feels like for a woman to be the bread- Activism. His book was also named a elected the 2007-2010 secretary of the on General Education Reason and Faith reception U.S. soldiers received as they winner in the family. “Top Book of 2006” by The Globalist online Eastern Sociological Society. requirement. returned from Vietnam featured in a post magazine. to the popular political blog, dailykos. Orlando Rodriguez, Fordham Univer- Judith M. Tanur, SUNY-Stony Brook, was Morten Ender, U.S. Military Academy, in- sity, was quoted in the New York Daily Burke Grandjean and Steven Butler, elected to the 2007 electorate nominating terviewed for and was quoted in an article George J. McCall, University of Missouri- News in an op-ed piece on the future of University of Wyoming, accepted the committee of the American Association that appeared in the February 3 issue of St. Louis, was quoted in a February 6 St. Cuba on January 18, 2007. 2006 Hoke Award for the year’s best for the Advancement of Science Section National Review. He provided explanations Louis Post-Dispatch article on humorous policy analysis by a state statistical on Statistics. for socio-demographic disparities among stereotyping of local communities. J. Michael Ryan, University of Mary- analysis center for criminal justice at the U.S. service member fatalities in Iraq and land-College Park was featured in a annual meeting of the Justice Research March 2007 Footnotes 15
Robert L. Montgomery, The Spread of development? The focus of this forum demographic analysis can demonstrate Members’ New Religions: A Social Scientific Theory Based Contact is research and theory about develop- the relationship between business deci- on the Spread of Buddhism, Christianity, and ment, in particular research and theory. sions and a wide variety of economic Books Islam (Long Dash Books, 2007). I am organizing a trip to Cuba for aca- This forum welcomes discussion about issues. Study with students from all over demics and medical personnel. We are research that has already been done, is the world as you formulate research Richard A. Dello Buono, SSSP Global Jack Nusan Porter, Spencer Institute for leaving May 8, 2007, and returning on currently underway, or that needs to be questions and issues for business deci- Division Chair, and Jose Bell Lara, Social Research, The Genocidal Mind: Socio- May 17. Those interested in the medical done, and similarly about established sion making and understand methods University of Havana, eds., Imperialism, logical and Sexual Perspectives (University and social sciences are welcome. Contact: or proposed theory or theory that of demographic analysis for assessing Neoliberalism and Social Struggles in Latin Press of America, 2006). Michele Wilson, Department of Sociolo- needs to be developed. The emphasis markets. The course, taught by UM America (Brill, 2007). gy, University of Alabama-Birmingham, of this forum is on application: how faculty member and Department of Robert Perrucci and Carolyn Cummings (205) 934-8685; [email protected]. the research or theory can be applied to Sociology Chair David Swanson, is James J. Chriss, Cleveland State Uni- Perrucci, both of Purdue University, eds., further development.
For Members Only 2007 Student Forum Travel Awards ASA seeks applications for student travel to 2007 Free Online ASA Article Access Annual Meeting
ASA members can take advantage of an online The American Sociological Association (ASA) Student Forum is pleased to cost-savings benefit by subscribing to multiple print journals. If you announce that the ASA Council is making funds available to support student subscribe to two or more print ASA journals when you renew your travel awards to the ASA Annual Meeting. ASA anticipates granting approxi- membership for 2007, you will have free online access to ALL 2007 mately 25 travel awards in the amount of $200 each. These awards will be made ASA journals through Ingenta Connect. on a competitive basis and are meant to assist students by defraying expenses associated with attending the 2007 ASA Annual Meeting in New York. All appli- ASA members can now find articles in other journals without sub- cants are encouraged to seek additional sources of funding to cover expenses mitting additional journal subscription orders. Our special all-access associated with attending the Annual Meeting. online service is a convenient tool for faculty and students. To apply, complete and submit four (4) copies of the 2007 Student Forum The following ASA journals are available through Ingenta: Travel Award Application form no later than April 1, 2007. Decisions will be American Sociological Review announced by May 15, 2007. No part of the application may be submitted by Contemporary Sociology fax, and only applications from individuals on their own behalf will be accepted. Contexts Applicants must be students pursuing an undergraduate or graduate sociology Journal of Health & Social Behavior degree in an academic institution and a current student member of ASA at the Social Psychology Quarterly time of application. Participation in the Annual Meeting program (e.g., paper sessions, roundtables), purpose for attending (e.g., workshop training, Honors (City & Community, sponsored by the ASA Section on Community Program participation), student financial need, availability of other forms of and Urban Sociology, is available to members of that section, but is support, matching funds, and potential benefit to the student are among the not included in the free online access offer since it is not an ASA- factors taken into account in making awards. A travel award committee of the wide journal. Members need to subscribe to at least two ASA-wide ASA Student Forum convened especially for this purpose will select awardees. journals in order to get free access to all ASA-wide journals.) For more information, and an application for the 2007 Student Forum Travel ASA will confirm your print subscriptions and send updates to Award, please contact the ASA Executive office at [email protected] or Ingenta so you may activate your online subscriptions. To activate (202) 383-9005, ext. 322. The award application form can also be found both on your online access to all of your member subscriptions for 2004- the ASA website (www.asanet.org) under “Funding,” and on the Student Forum 2006 (including the free online access after you renew for 2006), go website (www.socstudentforum.org). to the journal page of any ASA subscribed journal (at www.ingen- taconnect.com) and click on “ASA Member Access.” Online access to 2006 articles will not available until the first issue is printed by the New Teaching Resources! Association. The Teaching Resources Center has just published three new syllabi For more information about this special ASA member benefit con- sets with the most up- to-date syllabi and activities for teaching The tact the ASA Member Services Department at (202) 383-9005 x389 Sociology of Gender, The Sociology of Jewry, and Chicana/o and Latina/ or e-mail [email protected]. o Studies in Sociology. Find these new titles in our online bookstore at
American Sociological Association NON-PROFIT ORG. 1307 New York Avenue NW, Suite 700 Save the Dates! U.S. POSTAGE PAID Washington, DC 20005-4701 ALBANY, NY Published monthly with combined issues in May/June, July/August, PERMIT NO. 31 102nd ASA and September/October. Subscription, $40.00. Single copies, $3.00. Editor: Sally T. Hillsman Associate Editor: K. Lee Herring Annual Meeting Managing Editor: Johanna Olexy Production: Jill Campbell August 11–14, 2007 Staff Writer: Carla B. Howery New York, New York Secretary: Franklin Wilson Article submissions are limited to 1,000 words and must have Theme: Is Another World journalistic value (e.g., timeliness, significant impact, general interest) rather than be research-oriented or scholarly in nature. Submissions Possible? will be reviewed by the editorial board for possible publication. “Public Forum” contributions are limited to 800 words; “Obituar- ies,” 500 words; “Letters to the Editor,” 400 words; “Department” announcements, 200 words. All submissions should include a contact name and, if possible, an e-mail address. ASA reserves the right to edit for style and length all material published. The deadline for all material is the first of the month preceding publication (e.g., Febru- ary 1 for March issue). Send communications on material, subscriptions, and advertising to: American Sociological Association, 1307 New York Avenue, Suite 700, Washington, DC 20005-4701; (202) 383-9005; fax (202) 638-0882; 7 email [email protected]; http://www.asanet.org. Copyright © 2007, American Sociological Association. Third class postage paid at Washington, DC, and additional mailing offices. ISSN 0749-6931. 2008 Meeting: August 1–4 in Boston
March 2007