Ref. Ares(2014)77485 - 15/01/2014 GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS IN PHARMACEUTICALS A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE* * § ¨ ALFONSO GAMBARDELLA , LUIGI ORSENIGO , FABIO PAMMOLLI November 2000 Report prepared for the Enterprise Directorate-General of the European Commission * The authors wish to thank G. Baio, N. Lacetera, L. Magazzini, M. Mariani, R. Pammolli, and M. Riccaboni for skillfull research assistance. * Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa,
[email protected]. § Bocconi University, Milan,
[email protected]. ¨ Faculty of Economics Richard M. Goodwin, University of Siena,
[email protected]. Enterprise Papers Enterprise Papers are a mix of policy papers, sector-specific studies, and a combination of both. Written by the staff of the Enterprise Directorate-General, or by experts working in association with them, they aim to raise awareness of enterprise policy issues and stimulate debate. These papers do not necessarily reflect the opinion or position of the European Commission. Occasional ‘special editions’ may carry communications, conference proceedings, and reports to the Council. This report was prepared for the Enterprise Directorate-General by Alfonso Gambardella, Luigi Orsenigo and Fabio Pammolli. For further information, contact European Commission Enterprise Directorate-General Information and communication unit Rue de la Loi/ Wetstraat 200 B-1049 Brussels Fax: (32-2) 299 1926 To request copies, fax (32-2) 296 9930. E-mail:
[email protected] A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2001 ISBN 92-894-1071-X © European Communities, 2001 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.