Museum of Comparative Zoology

Harvard University

Annual Report 2014. 2015 Director’s Message An immense undertaking and accomplishment, the grand migration of MCZ’s “dry” collections to the Northwest Building has just now come to an end.

All or part of eight taxonomic biogeography and is displayed in collections—Entomology, Invertebrate Victorian glass cabinets that encircle Paleontology, Vertebrate Paleontology, the balcony of the historic Great Hall. Invertebrate Zoology, Malacology, Numerous collections contributed Mammalogy, Marine Invertebrates to Islands: Evolving in Isolation, which and Ornithology—plus the Blaschka illustrates the remarkable diversity of glass animals and the historic Harvard island flora and fauna and research by Embryological Collection are now MCZ faculty and students. comfortably installed in one of Harvard’s This year also marked the arrival of newest science buildings, next door to MCZ’s newest faculty-curator, the original MCZ. Dr. Mansi Srivastava, AB, PhD. In addition to climate-controlled Following postdoctoral research at collection rooms outfitted with acres MIT’s Whitehead Institute, Mansi Melissa Aja Melissa of compact shelving, the new space joined us in July 2015. More about her includes a classroom/teaching lab, professional background and exciting specimen preparation labs, and ample research plans are detailed on the work areas for staff, students and visitors. second page of this report. While perhaps lacking the character The year ended on a high note in May, of the MCZ building (and definitely its when 34 descendants of Alexander musty odor), the absence of hardwood and Anne Agassiz joined more than a floors and large, lofty windows is more dozen faculty-curators and staff for a than compensated by a secure, state-of- memorable luncheon at the Harvard the-art facility for research and teaching Faculty Club. Our guests shared in comparative zoology. wonderful accounts of Agassiz family Associated curatorial staff are only now history during lunch and then enjoyed settling into their new spaces, and it guided tours of “the Agassiz museum.” will be at least another year before the It was both an honor and a pleasure to facility is fully operational, but regular reconnect with a family whose history is classes began meeting there in fall 2015. so closely entwined with that of the MCZ. The move has left behind abundant Year after year, the MCZ owes its opportunities to renovate and repurpose accomplishments and accolades to former collection rooms in the MCZ its dedicated and innovative faculty- building, which retains many important curators, researchers, staff and collections. students. I hope you enjoy learning The Harvard Museum of Natural more about their awards, headline- About the Cover: A species of serpulid worm History opened two new exhibits this making research, new projects and in the genus Spirobranchus year; each draws heavily from and initiatives, publications and more. from Bocas del Toro, Panama, photographed during the 2015 highlights MCZ’s collections. All corners field trip for OEB 51. Photo by of Ornithology were probed to furnish James Hanken Gonzalo Giribet. Birds of the World, which reflects current Director Opposite page: Collections space in the Northwest Building. Photo understanding of avian evolution and by Melissa Aja.

Annual Report 2014 . 2015 1 Introducing Our Newest Faculty-Curator MCZ Faculty-Curators The MCZ is delighted to welcome Dr. Mansi Srivastava as Curator of Andrew A. Biewener Invertebrate Zoology and assistant professor in the Department of Charles P. Lyman Professor of Biology Organismic and Evolutionary Biology. Director, Concord Field Station Prof. Biewener’s research focuses on understanding Dr. Srivastava joined the MCZ in proper habitat and feed the worms so they the biomechanics, neuromuscular control and July 2015 after her postdoctoral thrive and reproduce. With that problem energetics of animal movement on land and in research on the evolution of solved, she found that they regenerate really the air. regenerative mechanisms in well—you can cut off their heads and they the lab of Dr. Peter Reddien will grow back. Then she was able to develop His goal is to understand general principles that at the Whitehead Institute of molecular techniques to study how the worm govern the biomechanical and physiological design the Massachusetts Institute of is able to regenerate. of vertebrate animals related to their movement in Technology. “Mansi is a wonderful natural environments. TheSrivastava lab will use the power of this addition to the MCZ; her new model system to reveal important steps expertise in molecular biology in regeneration. One focus will be on the very Scott V. Edwards and genomics and her broad early steps that happen once an injury occurs, Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology knowledge of invertebrate animals Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology are perfect complements to our Curator of Ornithology existing strengths,” says Director

Isaac Orderberg James Hanken. Prof. Edwards’ research focuses on the evolutionary biology of birds and related species, combining field, museum and genomics approaches to understand Dr. Mansi Srivastava Most animals can heal wounds and some can the basis of avian diversity, evolution and behavior. Current projects utilize regenerate extensively, regrowing organs or genomics technologies to study comparative genomics and the evolution of even entire body plans from small fragments. flightlessness in birds; phylogeography and speciation of Australian and North As an undergraduate, Dr. Srivastava became American birds; and the genomics of host–parasite co-evolution between house fascinated by the regenerative properties of a finches and a recently acquired bacterial pathogen,Mycoplasma . particular marine tube-dwelling worm. This Rinaldo Tony early fascination has guided her scientific career to the point of setting up her own lab at the Mazza-Curll & Kathleen Srivastava Mansi Brian D. Farrell Gonzalo Giribet MCZ to study the regenerative process and Molecular markers reveal specialized Professor of Biology Alexander Agassiz its evolution. cell types in the anterior (blue), muscle (yellow), and somatic stem cells (magenta) Curator of Entomology Professor of Zoology “I want to understand this amazing process in Hofstenia. Director, David Professor of Organismic & where an animal can regenerate a whole new Rockefeller Center for Evolutionary Biology brain or all new muscles or all new eyes,” says thereby building a map of all of the molecular Latin American Studies Curator of Invertebrate and genetic signals that launch the process of Zoology Dr. Srivastava. “The knowledge we obtain by Prof. Farrell’s research studying the basic biology of how animals regeneration. Another major aspect that they is broadly concerned Prof. Giribet’s primary regenerate may be will study is stem cell biology. The worms have a with the evolution of research focuses on the applied to human type of pluripotent cell that can make all other ecological interactions evolution, systematics and regenerative medicine types of cells, so they can be used to study how between host plants biogeography of invertebrate much further down stem cells work. and animals and their animals, including the use © Casey Dunn © Casey the line.” The lab will be interested in identifying the parasites, such as of morphology and next- insects and other tiny generation sequencing techniques. Current projects in the Dr. Srivastava has processes of regeneration that are broadly Stephanie Mitchell Mansi Srivastava & Mazza-Curll Kathleen consumers. His current Giribet lab include multidisciplinary studies for Assembling developed a new applicable to all animals. “I’m interested in the projects include applying next-generation sequencing to the Bivalve Tree of Life; the evolution of orb-weaving Three-banded panther worms model organism for studying regeneration, evolution of regeneration,” says Dr. Srivastava, show variations of their speciation and phylogenetic studies of associated species, spiders; and systematics and biogeography of arthropods, the three-banded panther worm, Hofstenia “so even though my lab is starting out with this pigmentation patterns. documenting biodiversity in the Dominican Republic, mollusks and onychophorans, among other groups. He is miamia, a little-studied species she collected new model organism, we’re hoping to expand and repatriating digital information from scientific also interested in philosophical aspects of DNA sequence in a saltwater pond in Bermuda a few years our work to other species. There’s no better specimens of insects and fossils in museums to their data analysis, emphasizing homology-related issues and ago. Back in the lab, she faced considerable place to learn about diverse regenerative species countries of origin. the use of genomic-level data for inferring phylogenies. challenges just to learn how to create the than the Museum of Comparative Zoology.”

2 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 3 FACULTY-CURATORS FACULTY-CURATORS

James Hanken Professor of Biology Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Curator of Herpetology MCZ Director Prof. Hanken utilizes laboratory-based analyses and field surveys to examine morphological evolution, developmental biology

and systematics. ErtlGretchen Current areas of Kris SnibbeKris Hopi E. Hoekstra Jon Chase Catherine Weisel research include the evolution of craniofacial patterning; the developmental Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology James J. McCarthy Naomi E. Pierce basis of morphological novelty; biodiversity informatics; Professor of Molecular & Cellular Biology Professor of Biological Oceanography Sidney A. & John Hessel Professor of Biology and systematics and evolution of neotropical salamanders. Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanography Curator of Entomology Prof. Hanken also serves on the Steering Committee of the Curator of Mammalogy Acting Curator of Malacology Encyclopedia of Life (eol.org). Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Prof. Pierce’s research focuses on the behavioral ecology of Harvard College Professor Prof. McCarthy’s research focuses on factors that regulate species interactions, particularly insect/plant associations, Prof. Hoekstra combines field and laboratory work to the processes of primary production and nutrient supply and symbioses between ants and other organisms, understand the evolution of mammalian diversity from in the ocean. including bacteria, fungi, plants and caterpillars of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. morphology to behavior. Her research focuses on the Through controlled laboratory studies and field genetic basis of adaptive variation—identifying both investigations, Prof. McCarthy and his group examine the Prof. Pierce is interested in how parasitic and mutualistic the ultimate causes and the proximate mechanisms effects of strong seasonal or interannual climate change on life histories can influence the evolutionary trajectories of responsible for traits that help organisms survive and marine life and biogeochemical systems. each partner. reproduce in the wild. Research in the Hoekstra lab integrates ecological, behavioral, genetic and molecular approaches. Stephanie E. Pierce Assistant Professor of Organismic & Jonathan B. Losos Evolutionary Biology Monique & Philip Lehner Curator of Vertebrate Professor for the Study of Paleontology

Stephanie Mitchell Latin America Professor of Organismic & Prof. Pierce’s research George V. Lauder Evolutionary Biology is focused on major Professor of Biology Curator of Herpetology morphological and Henry Bryant Bigelow Professor of Ichthyology ecological transitions Prof. Losos’ research Curator of Ichthyology in vertebrate

focuses on the behavioral evolution through BertrandJean-Francois Prof. Lauder’s research focuses on the biomechanics of fishes and evolutionary ecology an examination of and the development of robotic models for studying aquatic of lizards, specifically the fossil record. Robert M. Woollacott locomotion. how lizards interact with Professor of Biology Her work tends Curator of Marine Invertebrates His current studies focus on the function of shark skin and their environment and how lizard clades have toward 3-D

other surface structures, the role of flexibility in improving Lincoln Rose Prof. Woollacott’s research focuses on aspects of marine diversified evolutionarily. modeling and experimentation of the musculoskeletal the efficiency of aquatic propulsion, and how fishes control system, with particular attention to the link between invertebrate life history, such as synchronization of body and fin position as they maneuver through obstacles. His laboratory integrates approaches from systematics, form and function. Current projects include the reproductive events and ecology and physiology of larvae. Additional broad interests include biological fluid mechanics ecology, behavior, genetics and functional morphology, fin-to-limb transition, the evolution of the mammalian Topics of particular interest include larval dispersal and and theoretical approaches to the analysis of form and taking both observational and experimental approaches in backbone, and the origin of the avian neck. population connectivity, as well as human impacts on the function in organisms. the field and in the laboratory. distribution of marine organisms.

4 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 5 MCZ Emeriti Courses in 2014–2015 Led by MCZ Faculty-Curators

A. W. “Fuzz” Crompton Faculty-Curator, Emeritus Fisher Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Prof. Crompton, former Curator of Mammalogy, was the Director of the MCZ from 1970 to 1982 and the former Director of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, and the South African Museum, Capetown. His primary research interests are the origin and evolution of mammals, functional anatomy, neural control and evolution of feeding in recent and fossil vertebrates. Prof. Crompton received two Guggenheim fellowships for his research on vertebrate paleontology and functional morphology and in 2011 received the Romer-Simpson Medal from the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Justin Ide Justin

Richard C. Lewontin Professor of Biology, Emeritus Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus An evolutionary geneticist, Prof. Lewontin pioneered the field of molecular population genetics by Gonzalo Giribet merging molecular biology and evolutionary theory, OEB 51: Biology and Evolution as well as the philosophical and social implications Organismic and Evolutionary OEB 118: Biological Oceanography of Invertebrate Animals of genetics and evolutionary theory. Biology James J. McCarthy Examines the ocean as an ecological system, Prof. Lewontin’s current research involves computer OEB 10: Foundations of Biological Diversity with focus on environmental-organismal simulation and evaluation of statistical tests for (undergraduate) interactions that regulate plankton production selection. Among his many books are The Genetic BIOS S-158: Study Abroad: Brian D. Farrell (and Elena M. Kramer, Andrew and transfer to higher trophic levels. Basis of Evolutionary Change; Biology as Ideology: The Richardson) Biodiversity of the Dominican Republic Doctrine of DNA; Human Diversity; and The Triple An integrated approach to the diversity of Helix: Gene Organism and Environment. life, emphasizing how chemical, physical, genetic, ecological and geologic processes Edward O. Wilson contribute to the origin and maintenance of Honorary Curator in Entomology biological diversity. Pellegrino University Professor, Emeritus OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Prof. Wilson is considered the founder of sociobiology and Invertebrate Animals (undergraduate) evolutionary psychology and has developed the basis of Gonzalo Giribet modern biodiversity conservation. He has received many Introduction to invertebrate diversity, with of the world’s leading prizes in recognition of his research special emphasis on the broad diversity of and environmental activism. animal forms, their adaptations to different He was awarded two Pulitzer Prizes for his books ecosystems and how these phenomena The Ants (1990, with Bert Hölldobler) and On Human shape animal evolution. Nature (1978). Prof. Wilson received the TED Prize in 2007, OEB 57: Animal Behavior (undergraduate) where he articulated the concept of the Encyclopedia Naomi E. Pierce (and Bence P. Olveczky) of Life, and the National Geographic Society’s Hubbard

Jim Harrison Jim Medal in 2013. A review of the behavior of animals under natural conditions, with emphasis on both mechanistic and evolutionary approaches. Brian Farrell

6 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 7 COURSES COURSES

Graduate Courses of Reading and Research OEB 307: Biomechanics, Physiology and Musculoskeletal Biology Andrew A. Biewener OEB 310: Metazoan Systematics Gonzalo Giribet OEB 320: Biomechanics and Evolution of Vertebrates

George V. Lauder Gonzalo Giribet

OEB 325: Marine Biology OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals Robert M. Woollacott Freshman Seminar OEB 334: Behavioral Ecology Naomi E. Pierce FRSEMR 22t: Why We Animals Sing Brian D. Farrell OEB 341: Coevolution Investigates the sounds and structures Brian D. Farrell of different kinds of acoustic animals—

Catherine Weisel OEB 345: Biological Oceanography including birds, mammals, frogs and FRSEMR 41u: Museums James J. McCarthy insects—and the different kinds of habitats in which they produce their songs and calls. OEB 141: Biogeography OEB 181: Systematics (undergraduate OEB 355: Evolutionary Developmental and graduate) Gonzalo Giribet Biology FRSEMR 41u: Museums Gonzalo Giribet Biogeography aims to explain distributions of James Hanken James Hanken organisms through historical and ecological Introduces theory and practice of OEB 370: Mammalian Traces the history of museums from their factors. This course focuses on the history systematics, emphasizing issues associated Evolutionary Genetics beginnings to the modern institutions of of biogeographic research, developments with homology statements and alignments, Hopi E. Hoekstra today, considering issues in conservation, in the area of historical biogeography, and methods of tree reconstruction and finances, exhibit design, regulations and ecological processes that affect distributions hypothesis evaluation. BIOS S-158: Study Abroad: ethics, and their role in contemporary Biodiversity of the of whole clades. Dominican Republic OEB 234: Topics in Marine Biology society. OEB 155r: Biology of Insects (graduate) OEB 155r: Biology of Insects (undergraduate and graduate) Robert M. Woollacott Naomi E. Pierce (and Michael R. Examines human impacts on marine life Canfield) and ecosystems of the sea. Introduction to the major groups of insects—life history, General Education morphology, physiology and Science of Living Systems 22: ecology—through a combination Human Influence on Life in the Sea of lecture, lab and field exercises. (undergraduate) Robert M. Woollacott, James J. McCarthy OEB 173: Comparative Over-harvested fish stocks, pollution Biomechanics (undergraduate and anthropogenic climate change affect and graduate) the stability and productivity of marine Andrew A. Biewener (and Stacey A. Combes) ecosystems. This course asks what we need to know about the causes and effects of Explores how animals and plants anthropogenic change to best protect contend with their physical marine ecosystems and ensure sustainable environment, considering their harvests from the sea. biomaterial properties, structural form and mechanical interactions with the environment. Brian Farrell

8 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 9 COURSES MCZ Research Making Headlines

Environmental Science and Masters of the Underwater Universe Public Policy MCZ History Intense commercial whaling during the 19th The iron and nitrogen supplied by the whale ESPP 90j: Environmental Crises, and 20th centuries caused an estimated 66– pump promotes the growth of plankton Climate Change and Population Flight 90% reduction in the worldwide population and krill, critical food sources for larger (undergraduate) of great whales—among them the right, gray, marine animals. And when migrating, whales James J. McCarthy (and Jennifer Leaning) blue, humpback and sperm whales—altering transport these resources to Explores the consequences of population the composition of marine life and even the their lower-latitude, relatively flight due to war, drought and famine in functioning of the ocean. nutrient-poor calving grounds. which climate change is a contributing factor, Even in death, “whale falls” Tens of millions of whales were killed for relating to the extent and permanence of provide food and habitat for the goods their bodies supplied, but a new environmental destruction wrought by numerous species. study by James J. McCarthy, 2014 OEB/ these crises, people’s attachment to their MCZ Hrdy Fellow Joe Roman and colleagues Whales also transport carbon homes and ecosystems, the circumstances of indicates that recovered whale populations from the atmosphere to the departure, the destinations of refuge and the can provide crucial ecosystem services and deep ocean, helping to minimize possibilities for return. economic benefits that far outweigh any past climate change. If restored Life Sciences commercial value. to pre-whaling levels, whale populations could extract Instead of competing with fishermen, carbon from the atmosphere LIFESCI 1b: An Integrated Introduction to whales support fisheries by making the the Life Sciences: Genetics, Genomics and via enhanced phytoplankton Courtesy Concord Free Public Library Public Free Concord Courtesy ocean a more productive place. By diving Evolution (undergraduate) blooms and whale falls in amounts comparable and surfacing, whales enhance the upward In the summer of 1858, the landscape painter, writer and Hopi E. Hoekstra (and Maryellen Ruvolo, Kevin C. to some hypothetical climate engineering movement of deep water rich in nutrients woodsman William James Stillman organized a month-long Eggan, Pardis Sabeti) projects intended to mitigate climate change. and microorganisms, and deliver additional expedition to Follensby Pond in the remote wilderness region of Demonstrates how genetics and evolution nutrients to surface waters by releasing fecal Roman J, Estes JA, Morissette L, Smith C, Costa D, upstate New York. are intimately related using an integrated McCarthy J, Nation JB, Nicol S, Pershing A, Smetacek plumes and urine at or near the surface, approach, explaining the patterns of genetic V (2014) Whales as marine ecosystem engineers. This momentous gathering of several of America’s most called the “whale pump.” Front Ecol Environ 12:377-385 variation we see in nature and how genomics | tonywublog.com Wu © Tony prominent intellectuals (and Stillman himself) is memorialized can be used to analyze variation. in The Philosophers’ Camp in the Adirondacks, which today Take to the Trees hangs in the reading room of the Concord Free Public Library. LIFESCI 2: Evolutionary Human Physiology When closely related species compete for The two species of lizards are very and Anatomy (undergraduate) Swiss-born naturalist Louis Agassiz, who would found the resources like food or habitat, evolutionary similar in their tendency to live close to Museum of Comparative Zoology the following year, dominates George V. Lauder (and Peter T. Ellison, Daniel E. Lieberman) changes are expected to occur as they the ground, but once the brown anoles a small group of men in the left foreground. The group also diverge and take advantage of separate arrived, the green anoles began to move Explores human anatomy and physiology includes the anatomist Jeffries Wyman, who would soon serve niches. Originally proposed in 1956 by higher into the trees. from an integrated framework, combining on the Museum’s governing board, the MCZ Faculty. Edward O. Wilson and William L. Brown, functional, comparative and evolutionary The researchers show that, in response, this core principle in ecology and evolution, Philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson, who would write a perspectives on how organisms work. over 15 years or 20 generations, the called “character displacement,” was once poem about his experiences, stands alone in the center of green anole developed larger toe pads the painting. Poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow declined BIOS S-158: Study Abroad: Biodiversity of thought to unfold on timescales too long to

with stickier scales for better climbing, Adam Algar observe directly, and well-documented cases an invitation to come along on the trip, where he was sure the Dominican Republic demonstrating that when competition is are rare. “somebody will be shot.” Brian D. Farrell strong enough, evolutionary changes can Explores the interplay of ecological niches Agassiz’s exploits, widely chronicled following his return, Yoel Stuart, a former member of the Losos lab, occur rapidly. and evolutionary diversification in the Jonathan B. Losos, R. Graham Reynolds and included his discovery of a new species of freshwater sponge. The research may be useful in organisms and habitats of a tropical island as colleagues describe such evolutionary changes This and other accounts spurred tremendous interest in understanding how species respond to a microcosm of the evolution of biodiversity in the green anole (Anolis carolinensis), the only exploration of the Adirondacks and of American wilderness human-caused habitat fragmentation, on Earth. native species of anole in North America. In the in general. climate change and invasive species. early 1990s, researchers introduced the brown anole (Anolis sagrei) to three small islands in Stuart YE, Campbell TS, Hohenlohe PA, Reynolds RG, Revell LJ, Losos JB (2014) Rapid evolution of Florida’s Intracoastal Waterway that were once a native species following invasion by a congener. Adam Algar the exclusive territory of the green anole. Science 346:463-466

10 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 11 RESEARCH RESEARCH

Trading Places The Mad Rush of Courtship Theoretically, smaller, more isolated islands Few vertebrates can run on water. The Using models of grebe feet, Clifton will have fewer species, and larger, less largest of these, the western and Clark's estimated that the slapping isolated islands will be richer in their diversity grebes (Aechmophorus occidentalis and motion generated 30–55% of the of species. Edward O. Wilson and Robert A. clarkii), rise up from the water and skim hydrodynamic force required to MacArthur outlined this theory of island across the lake in a pair bonding display, keep the bird, which can weigh up biogeography in the 1960s, but testing it called rushing. To find out how the birds to four pounds, above water. The has been elusive due to the challenges of accomplish this feat, Glenna T. Clifton and rest of the force is likely generated manipulating island biodiversity on a large two field assistants spent a month at the underwater, but verification will geographic and long timescale. It turns out grebe’s mating grounds in southern Oregon. require the challenging undertaking that in the Anthropocene, or Age of Humans, With mere seconds of warning, the team of underwater filming. positioned high-speed video cameras and we have already done it. In addition to informing the filmed more than 100 rushing displays. Félix Pharand-Deschênes/Globaïa Félix understanding of evolutionary Jonathan B. Losos, former MCZ graduate Eight videos were calibrated for 3-D analysis, changes in hind limb anatomy student D. Luke Mahler and colleagues used occurrence of 18 species of anoles introduced and two showed the motion of the grebe’s linked to this remarkable anoles—small lizards with numerous species to various islands. Economically isolated feet in detail for the first time. performance, grebe hydrodynamics that are ubiquitous in the Caribbean—to test Cuba does not have any non-native species of The research by Clifton andAndrew A. could serve as a model for the theory, but with a twist. Historically, anoles anoles. However, places such as Trinidad and Biewener determined that the feet were amphibious robots and inform the could rarely travel over large distances of water the Anguilla bank islands trade extensively slapping the water at a blinding 13–20 design of commercial products by themselves, so isolated islands were much with and host numerous visitors from D. Luke Mahler Luke D. strokes per second. During the slap, the toes like paddles. less likely to be colonized by anoles from other other islands and nations, and they have a of the large foot were outspread, but coming Barbara Scoles places. However, trade and travel between islands correspondingly high number of imported Clifton GT, Hedrick TL, Biewener AA (2015) out of the water the toes were collapsed and Western and Clark’s grebes use novel strategies have allowed anoles to cast away on boats to anole species, confirming that it is no longer the foot extracted sideways to reduce drag. for running on water. J Exp Biol 218:1235-1243 reach new homes, weakening the negative geographic isolation, but economic isolation, relationship between distance and biodiversity. that affects island diversity. Inside the Head of a Frog The researchers analyzed trade patterns Helmus MR, Mahler DL, Losos JB (2014) Island in the Caribbean and catalogued the biogeography of the Anthropocene. Nature 513:543-546 For more than 150 years, scientists have pigment cells, sensory neurons and most been attempting to understand how skull cartilages and bones in the skull. To follow Loving the Sweet Life bones develop in vertebrate embryos. the development of these cells from embryo Evolutionary changes in skull form underlie to tadpole to adult, the researchers had The ability to perceive tastes—salty, sweet, flavors—was repurposed in hummingbirds every major adaptive transition in the history to find a new way to label the cells. Their sour, bitter and “umami,” or savory—drives to respond to carbohydrates—the sweet of vertebrates, and skull bones are used to innovative solution was to graft embryonic the food preferences of humans and other flavors—and it took at least 19 mutations determine the evolutionary relationships cells labeled with a fluorescent protein from vertebrates. However, some species have over more than 40 million years to evolve this among species. The a jellyfish and see which lost certain taste receptors. The majority of capability. developmental process bones in the mature birds, for example, may be unable to sense But do these mutations drive hummingbird first described in birds, and animal glowed green sweetness. So how did the hummingbird behavior? The researchers set up later in mammals, has been under fluorescent light. evolve into a specialized nectar feeder? hummingbird feeders filled with water and found to be highly similar. They found that while This question so intriguedMaude Baldwin, nectar made of glucose, fructose, sucrose But the developmental the salamander skull a member of the lab of Scott V. Edwards, and synthetic sweeteners. While the pattern for frogs, whose developed along the same that she spent many years during her PhD hummingbirds avidly drank nectar made ancestors diverged early lines as other vertebrates, searching for the answer. Her findings showed with natural sweeteners, they would quickly in the history of terrestrial frogs unexpectedly James Hanken for the first time that hummingbirds evolved spit out pure water and most artificial vertebrates, has now been had evolved a unique the ability to perceive nectar through their sweeteners with an annoyed shake of their shown to be very different. developmental pattern. Maude Baldwin umami receptor, which may have facilitated heads. They even responded positively to one To investigate how the skulls of frogs and The work has potential applications in the extensive diversification of the species. non-caloric sweetener that the taste receptor Nadine Piekarski salamanders form, James Hanken and the study of human birth defects caused recognized in the lab, thus providing the link Baldwin led an international team of former Hanken lab members Nadine by neural crest cells or improper skull between the gene and feeding behavior. researchers that cloned and tested taste Piekarski and Joshua Gross focused on a development. receptor genes of chickens, hummingbirds Baldwin MW, Toda Y, Nakagita T, O'Connell MJ, small group of embryonic cells—the neural Klasing KC, Misaka T, Edwards SV, Liberles SD (2014) Piekarski N, Gross JB, Hanken J (2014) Evolutionary and swifts, the hummingbird’s closest living Evolution of sweet taste perception in hummingbirds by crest—that give rise to a host of traits innovation and conservation in the embryonic derivation of the vertebrate skull. 5:5661 relative. In chickens and swifts, a receptor that transformation of the ancestral umami receptor. Science characteristic of vertebrates, including Nat Commun responds strongly to amino acids—the umami 345:929-933

12 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 13 COLLECTIONS Highlights from the Collections Oversized Specimens Make Their Move Paleontology Collections Relocate to the Northwest Building For numerous years, the very largest Invertebrate and Vertebrate Paleontology were the specimens of the MCZ collections—massive most recent collections to make the move to the antlers, whale skulls and the like—have been Northwest Building. housed in the attic of the MCZ building, and The Invertebrate Paleontology collection is made up preparations to move these items to more of over a million specimens. In November 2007, the suitable circumstances have been underway staff started preparing for the move by cleaning and for some time. “Because of the size, shape rehousing the specimens. Parts of the collection (mostly and weight of this specimen material, it was the fossil mollusk collections) were reorganized prior to determined that it should be housed in off- the move. These activities were completed in January site storage,” says Linda S. Ford, Director of 2014. The move started in July 2014 and finished during Collections Operations at the MCZ. “It was October 2014. not part of the planning for the MCZ facilities in the Northwest Building.” The Vertebrate Paleontology collection, composed of around 100,000 larger and heavier specimens, started It was decided that most of the specimens

Jonathan Woodward being prepared in February 2011. The cleaning and in the attic, including much of the rehousing of those specimens was completed in August Mammalogy horn and antler collection, th 2013, and they were moved between February and could be temporarily placed on the MCZ building’s 5 floor in the area that was freed up by Cundiff Jessica March 2015. the Mammalogy and Ornithology collections’ move to the Northwest Building. This would improve the environmental conditions (temperature and relative humidity), reduce potential To prepare both collections, staff cleaned the specimens and any conservation issues, such exposure to pests, and provide general protection from dust and debris while preparing for as repair or treating pyrite disease or Bynesian decay, were addressed. For the more delicate off-site collection storage. specimens, boxes and drawers were lined with polyethylene foam as needed to provide additional support and stability. When it came time to move, a number of the specimens were hand-carried “The MCZ has a character that will be greatly or hoisted through an opening in the missed, but the Northwest Building space 5th-floor stairwell ceiling. However, is much better overall for the collections,” removing the very largest specimen says Jessica Cundiff, Curatorial Associate for material from the attic—including an Invertebrate and Vertebrate Paleontology. enormous moose antler rack, four whale “The new prep space has many additional skulls (blue, sperm and two fin), and pieces of equipment—a dust collector, fume additional skeletal parts from the blue hood and rock saws—that will make our prep whale, including the mandibles, or jaw and repair work easier and safer.” bones—required much more elaborate All specimens are now stored in metal and stronger rigging for hoisting. Jonathan Woodward cabinets that can be neatly labeled and

Mark Renczkowski locked for added security. The collection storage area is climate controlled, making On May 14, 2015, contractor O.B. Hill Riggers, for a much better environment for specimens. Space for collection visitors is greatly subcontracted by ABC Moving, set out to extract these improved with large tables to study specimens. immense specimens. Using an 80-ton crane, two of the whale skulls were “drifted” out of the 5th-floor window In addition to Cundiff, Invertebrate Paleontology staff membersMark Renczkowski and on the courtyard side of the MCZ. The remaining skeletal Richard Knecht were involved in the move efforts. Collections Operations staff included material, including the other two whale skulls and Joe Martinez, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Tatiana de Souza Varges and Victoria Wilke. Interns mandibles, were lifted through the hatch on the north side Britt Bowen, Abigail Parker, John Gallucci, Maggie Abe and Phil Lai also provided assistance. of the building roof. Renovations for the Ichthyology Collection The moose antlers were placed in the temporary 5th-floor storage area. The whale skulls and skeletal material are The Ichthyology collection work area was completely renovated in 2015. A new heating and being stored off site, awaiting the upgrade of the whale air conditioning system was installed, along with new energy-efficient lighting. Shelving and storage facility at the Concord Field Station. work areas were designed to efficiently make use of space. The modernized area provides Jonathan Woodward

better support for the collection and its management. Karsten Hartel

14 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 15 PROJECTS & INITIATIVES Projects & Initiatives

Encyclopedia of Life Learning + Education Group Birds of the World The Encyclopedia of Life eol.org( ) is a global effort to bring together On September 20, 2014, Birds of the World, a permanent exhibition species information in a free, trusted online resource. The MCZ and curated by the HMSC exhibits department and MCZ doctoral student hundreds of other partners provide content on EOL. The Learning Maude Baldwin, opened at the Harvard Museum of Natural History. + Education Group, based at the MCZ, encourages development of With more than 10,000 species, birds are the most diverse land innovative and effective uses of EOL content in educational settings. vertebrates on the planet, varying tremendously in appearance and size In collaboration with EOL, Breda Zimkus, Cryogenic Collections and thriving in every corner of the globe. The new gallery, located around Manager for Genetic Resources at the MCZ, developed a set of Frog the balcony of the Great Hall, captures this stunning diversity through Observer Cards, which encourage people to observe frogs in nature 750 bird specimens representing more than 200 bird families worldwide. by focusing on the key traits and behaviors that make different frogs The birds on display were drawn from the MCZ Ornithology collection’s species unique. The cards are available ateol.org/info/disc_observer . 350,000 specimens. The exhibition is the result of months of cleaning Zimkus, a former EOL Rubenstein Fellow, also manages the African and refurbishing mounted bird specimens to restore their iridescence, Amphibians Scratchpad, an online community-driven resource for renovating antique cases and redesigning the exhibit displays. of & Fellows © 2015 President Snibbe Kris Harvard College information on the amphibians of Africa that serves content through Baldwin helped apply the latest findings on birds to organizing the EOL. africanamphibians.myspecies.info displays, resulting in an exhibition that reflects the current understanding of avian evolution. The work also notes the scientific consensus that birds are descended from theropod dinosaurs—and in fact are the last living EOL Places dinosaurs—and that other reptiles like crocodiles are their closest living relatives. EOL Places brings together information The exhibition was made possible by a donation given in memory of Melvin R. Seiden, Harvard AB 1952, LLB 1955. about species in the context of the places they inhabit. Along with content about local Islands: Evolving in Isolation habitats and their species, tools, activities Since Darwin’s time, research on islands has played a pivotal role in and games provide more opportunities for advancing understanding of biodiversity and evolution. Through the learning about biodiversity. The Okaloosa years, MCZ faculty who have made important contributions to this S.C.I.E.N.C.E. project is piloting EOL Places as study include former MCZ Directors Thomas Barbour and Ernst Mayr, part of a Department of Defense Education Curator of Entomology Philip Darlington, Edward O. Wilson, and current Activity grant to improve STEM education faculty such as Jonathan B. Losos, Scott V. Edwards, Brian D. Farrell and through outdoor activities and community Gonzalo Giribet. Islands: Evolving in Isolation, a new Harvard Museum of partnerships. education.eol.org/ecosystems/ Natural History exhibition, illustrates the extraordinary diversity of island ecoproj.php?proj_id=4 life and highlights the work of the scientists who have studied it. Prof. Losos, who has spent much of his career exploring island evolution EOL TraitBank Data in Google Knowledge Graphs by working with Anolis lizards, was chief faculty advisor to the exhibition. Aja Melissa After four years of behind-the-scenes work, the collaboration between EOL and the Google The theoretical underpinnings Search Team has made it possible for EOL’s TraitBank data to be used to improve the of island evolution are explained using a wide array of plant and animal information about organisms that is shown in Google’s Knowledge Graphs. Now when specimens, including lizards, Galápagos tortoises, New Guinea birds of a search is performed on “koala,” for example, data from EOL and other sources will be paradise, Malagasy lemurs, a Komodo dragon from the Indonesian islands, displayed on Google’s search result page. MCZbase shares data with TraitBank, providing and a rare fossil cast of Homo floresiensis, a relative of modern humans. even greater exposure for MCZ data through this open science collaboration. The MCZ contributed specimens from multiple collections, including Grants Ornithology, Mammalogy, Herpetology, Entomology, Invertebrate Zoology and Malacology. The exhibition highlights some of the latest research and The Encyclopedia of Life Learning + Education Group is coordinating the broader impacts discoveries made by Harvard scientists and features explanatory displays, and educational outreach for two National Science Foundation grants. videos of scientists discussing their work, and live displays of Anolis lizards, For Digitization PEN, the MCZ is partnering with Southwest Collections of Arthropods hissing cockroaches and carnivorous pitcher plants. Supported by the Network to contribute expertise in the identification and digitization of ants from the National Science Foundation and a generous gift from Dr. John Freedman, Navajo Nation, and EOL will help develop a local field guide of these ant species. AB 1984, Islands will run through March 2017. For ABI Development: Kurator—developing software tools for scientific data digitization, In conjunction with the exhibition, Prof. Losos gave a free public lecture sharing, integration and use—EOL Learning + Education will coordinate the production of entitled Islands: Natural Laboratories of Evolution, discussing the relevance of outreach materials and instructional technologies for the grant. islands to our understanding of evolution and its processes. Melissa Aja Melissa

16 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 17 PROJECTS & INITIATIVES MCZ Grant Recipients Academic Year 2014–2015

Ernst Mayr Library Grant Projects Putnam Expedition Grants The Library is a partner onPurposeful Gaming and BHL, an IMLS-funded project Putnam Expedition Grants are intended to support MCZ faculty-curators, postdoctoral led by the Missouri Botanical Garden. The goal ofPurposeful Gaming is to assess fellows and graduate students in collecting specimens and data relating to the study of the feasibility of using crowdsourced gameplay as a means of improving the comparative zoology. Priority is given to projects that collect living specimens in regions accuracy of both machine and human transcription of digitized texts. As a case where habitats are threatened or fossil specimens in regions most likely to hold important study for the project, the Library uploaded digital scans of 3,470 handwritten clues for unraveling evolutionary strategies. These grants are made possible by a gift from pages by ornithologist William Brewster to two separate online tools designed for Mr. George Putnam, Jr., AB 1949 and MBA 1951, and Mrs. Nancy Putnam. crowdsourced transcription of digitized manuscripts. Manuscripts are of particular interest to this project because accurate machine transcription of handwritten Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount documents is nearly impossible. Felix Baier Mammalogy The genetic basis and evolution of territorial $10,655 aggression in the deer mouse (Peromyscus The overall idea was to obtain two sets of transcription files maniculatus) for the same material. Gaming is then applied to reconcile Nicole Bedford Mammalogy The adaptive significance of complex burrowing $7,734 differences between the two renditions, thus increasing the in the oldfield mousePeromyscus polionotus accuracy of the transcriptions. Tiltfactor, a game development Rebecca S. Buckman Invertebrate Zoology Biogeography of Caribbean velvet worms (Phylum $6,506 Onychophora) laboratory at Dartmouth College, was contracted to develop Alberto R. Puente-Rolon two games for this project—Smorball and Beanstalk—which Gonzalo Giribet Invertebrate Zoology Temperate rainforest Chilean soil invertebrates to $4,080 were launched publicly in June 2015. Smorball won an award elucidate Gondwanan biogeography for “Best Serious Game” at the Boston Festival of Indie Games Emily R. Hager Mammalogy Adaptation to arboreality in deer mice $8,991 in September 2015. The grant provided funding for the (Peromyscus maniculatus) appointment of two part-time project assistants, Patrick Naomi E. Pierce Entomology Ant associated lycaenid butterflies of KenyanAcacias $7,352 Randall and Elizabeth Meyer. Stephanie E. Pierce Vertebrate In the footsteps of A. S. Romer: Filling a 20 million $16,300

Kris Snibbe © 2015 President & Fellows of & Fellows © 2015 President Snibbe Kris Harvard College Paleontology year gap in tetrapod evolution Beginning in November 2015, EML will participate in a grant project with the New York Botanical Garden and the Missouri Botanical Garden. The two-year Robert G. Reynolds Herpetology A population genomics approach to resolving $9,198 divergence, gene flow, and independent project is designed to significantly increase online access to biodiversity material from natural colonization of the Bahama Islands by Anolis history literature collections, thus ensuring the widest possible audience. sagrei, the Cuban Brown Anole Christina P. Riehl Ornithology Evolutionary history of egg mimicry in the striped $6,120 Pforzheimer Fellow in the MCZ Archives cuckoo Baier Felix Deirdre Moore, a graduate student in Harvard’s History of Science Department, spent the Martin Schwentner Invertebrate Zoology Enigmatic Crustacea from Belize to resolve $3,730 crustacean-hexapod relationships summer of 2015 as a Pforzheimer Fellow in the Ernst Mayr Library, working with approximately (Funds provided by the Fenner A. Chace Fund) 3,000 lantern slides of images from Harvard entomologists Edward O. Wilson, William Morton Fabio Laurindo da Silva Entomology Understanding the ancient origins of South $5,200 Wheeler (1865–1937), Charles T. Brues (1879–1955) and Frank M. Carpenter (1902–1994). American biodiversity: A molecular perspective Because of the research interests of the contributors, many of the images were of ants, fossil on the evolution and biogeography of non-biting ants and illustrations of biogeography such as island landscapes. midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) Yung Wa Sin Ornithology Mate choice and major histocompatibility $9,284 Under the direction of librarians Robert Young and Joseph complex (MHC) genes in two species of North DeVeer, Moore recorded data from 2,885 lantern slides, Pacific albatross Phoebastria( immutabilis and cleaned more than 1,000 slides and housed approximately P. nigripes)

800 in numbered envelopes. For the scholarly context of Gerard Talavera Entomology Phylogeography of the most cosmopolitan animal $8,698 Turner Kyle the slides, Moore met with current Entomology staff, which migrator: the butterfly,Vanessa cardui Deirdre Moore led to the discovery of additional materials by entomologist Total Awards $103,848 Philip Darlington (1904–1983) from the “Banana Massacre” in Colombia during 1928–1929, some of the only surviving records of that era. Biodiversity Heritage Library During the 2014–2015 academic year, a total of 593 volumes (160,110 pages) were digitized for inclusion in the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Since November 2007, EML has contributed 8,545 volumes of material that have been accessed more than 5.3 million times. Recent usage reports for Ernst Mayr Library materials in BHL reveal well over 100,000 downloads per month. Gonzalo Giribet Baier Felix Gonzalo Giribet

18 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 19 GRANTS GRANTS

Grants in Aid of Undergraduate Research (GUR) These grants support research by Harvard College undergraduates under faculty supervision. Priority is given to projects that utilize MCZ, Harvard University Herbaria (HUH) and Arnold Arboretum (AA) research collections, laboratories and facilities. Support for these grants comes from the MCZ’s Myvanwy M. and George M. Dick Scholarship for Students, HUH and AA.

Recipient Faculty Sponsor/ Project Title Amount Recipient Faculty Sponsor/ Project Title Amount Academic Dept. Academic Dept. Hanna J. Barnes Stephanie Pierce/ Three-dimensional skeletal anatomy and $1,725 Rachel M. Moon Jonathan Losos/ Differences in morphology, ecology and escape $1,097 Organismic and limb joint mobility in the early tetrapod Organismic and behavior in female sex-limited polymorphic Evolutionary Biology Proterogyrinus Evolutionary Biology brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) Jarreth M. Caldwell James Mallet/ Pollen feeding in Heliconius elevatus and $973 Ike O. Okonkwo David Cox/ Reverse engineering the visual system $1,000 Organismic and H. pardalinus: A potential mechanism for Neurobiology Evolutionary Biology interspecies interactions Christian A. Perez James Mallet/ Mate preference in Heliconius butterflies: $600 Stephanie N. Caty Lauren O'Connell/ Dressed to kill: Chemical ecology in the little $2,500 Organismic and A potential underlying mechanism of sympatric Organismic and devil frog Evolutionary Biology speciation Evolutionary Biology Johnny L. Pulice Kristen Bomblies/ Genome scanning of Chamerion angustifolium $2,500 Stephanie N. Caty Lauren O'Connell/ Dressed to kill: Toxicity in the little devil $2,016 Organismic and for adaptation to whole-genome duplication Organismic and poison frog Evolutionary Biology

Sally Gee Evolutionary Biology Michael W. Seward David Haig/ Nutrition interventions and healthy eating $2,500 Christopher H. Chen Robin Hopkins/ Hybrid fitness, interspecific compatibility, and $700 Organismic and competitions at university dining halls

Organismic and reinforcement in Phlox Evolutionary Biology Burns Audrey Evolutionary Biology Alexander F. Weickhardt George Lauder/ Senior thesis project on the role of the dorsal fin $2,500 Andrew D. Clark Stacey Combes/ Senior honors thesis on load lifting mud $1,500 Organismic and in fishes Organismic and dauber wasps Evolutionary Biology Evolutionary Biology Total Awards $25,511 Sally Gee Elizabeth Wolkovich/ Phenology and its relationship to plant $2,000 Organismic and functional traits of temperate trees in a Evolutionary Biology changing climate Elizabeth A. Karan George Lauder/ The evolution and structure of scales in $600 Organismic and damselfish (Pomacentridae) Robert G. Goelet Summer Research Awards Evolutionary Biology Goelet Awards support MCZ graduate student summer research projects. Funds support Paige V. Kouba Brian Farrell/ Mosquito abundance in the Boston Harbor $1,300 travel to field sites and related subsistence expenses incurred in pursuit of research Organismic and Islands objectives. These grants are made possible through a gift from Mr. Robert G. Goelet. Evolutionary Biology Fiona M. McAuley Jonathan Losos/ An exploration of thermal niche partitioning $1,000 Organismic and across four lizard species of the genus Anolis Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount Evolutionary Biology living on South Bimini Nathaniel Edelman Mammalogy The role of pheromones in speciation: $1,646 Sally Gee Jenna R. McGugan Lauren O'Connell/ Dietary contributions to chemical defences in $1,000 Elucidating mechanisms of divergence in Organismic and the little devil frog, Oophaga sylvatica Heleconius elevatus and H. pardalinus Evolutionary Biology

Lucie Queste Nathaniel Edelman Mammalogy Characterizing the divergence of H. pardalinus $5,778 and H. elevatus with respect to their post- zygotic isolation Total Awards $7,424 Michael Seward Ronald Mori Ronald Nathaniel Edelman MoonRachel Perez Christian Michael Seward

20 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 21 GRANTS GRANTS

Ernst Mayr Travel Grants in Animal Systematics Ernst Mayr Grants support travel for research in animal systematics and are open to the Recipient Institutional Project Title Amount scientific community worldwide. The principal objective of these grants is to stimulate Affiliation taxonomic work on neglected taxa and/or poorly described species. Ernst Mayr Grants Carlos Alberto Martínez Ecological Reserve Review of Scolopendra types and Cuban $1,500 typically facilitate visits to institutional collections, with preference given to research that Muñoz “Mogotes de scolopendromorphs at the MCZ uses MCZ’s collections. These grants are made possible by a gift from Professor and former Jumagua,” Villa Clara, MCZ Director Ernst Mayr. Cuba Sameer Mukund Wildlife Information Taxonomical re-assessment of Spinicaudata $1,500 Recipient Institutional Project Title Amount Padhye Liaison Development (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) with special Society, India reference to family Cyzicidae from Daday de Affiliation Dees’s Indian collection in the Muséum National David J. L. Agassiz Natural History Taxonomic revision of Yponomeutidae $1,225 d’Histoire, Paris Museum, London (Lepidoptera) of Africa, also of Cybalomiinae Kristene T. Parsons Virginia Institute Taxonomic review of Gymnura micrura $1,204 (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae) of of Marine Science, (Myliobatiformes: Gymnuridae) with the sub-Saharan Africa College of William description of a new species of Butterfly Ray Mariana Raquel Natural History Revision of type material of Philonthina $1,500 and Mary from the western North Atlantic Allison DevlinAllison Chani-Posse Museum of Denmark Kirby and Hyptiomina Casey (Coleoptera: Matthew M. Prebus University of The ant genusTemnothorax : A revision of the $1,390 Staphylinidae) from the Neotropical region, Carlos Alberto Martínez Muñoz California, Davis salvini species group and assessment of the distribution of Holisus Erichson in the Afrotropical region Paula Fernanda Motta University of São Paulo Systematic and biogeography of Ecliminae Hall, $1,500 Rodrigues 1969 (Diptera: Bombyliidae) Sandor Csosz California Academy of Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy $1,190 Sciences Nesomyrmex fauna (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Michele Rossini University of Urbino Taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of the $1,500 Carlo Bo, Italy; Federal hirculus group of the American Onthophagus Itanna Oliveria National Museum CAS Entomology general collection: $1,000 University of Mato (Coleoptera: Scaranaeinae: Scarabaeinae) Fernandes of Natural History, Examination of Anochetus Mayr, 1861 Grosso (Brazil) Smithsonian (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae) Institution/ Instituto Thiago Borges Semedo Universidade Federal Elucidating the taxonomic status of the $1,500 Nacional de Pesquisas Fernandes de Mato Grosso, spiny mice, genus Neacomys, Thomas, 1900 da Amazônia Cuibaba (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from eastern Amazonia, SmithsonianRoberto Guerrero, J. History of Natural Museum National Brazil

Rodet Rodriguez Silva Roberto J. Guerrero Universidad Central Taxonomic revision of the ant genus $1,500 de Venezuela Tapinoma Förster (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Fabio Laurindo da Silva Harvard University Taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of $1,500 Dolichoderinae) in the neotropical region non-biting midges in the subfamily Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) Jane Herrera Uria National Museum of Taxonomic revision of Priotrochatella H. Fischer, $1,500 Natural History 1893 from Isla de la Juventud, Cuba Rodet Rodriguez Silva Institute of Ecology Revision of the Cuban freshwater fishes hosted $1,500 of Cuba and Systematics, Cuba in the MCZ at Harvard University Jesse T. Kelly Aukland University of Systematics of the Octopoteuthidae Berry, 1912 $1,500 Thiago da Silva Moreira The George Systematics and phylogenetics of Neotropical $1,000 Technology (Cephalopoda: Oegopsida) Washington University Linyphiidae Siddharth Shrikant Yashavantrao Chavan Examination of specimens of genus Latrodectus $1,500 Total Awards $28,009 Kulkarni Institute of Science, (Araneae: Theridiidae) from the oriental region Satara deposited at Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt; MNHN, Paris and CAS, USA Xiaoyan Li Natural History Systematics of the hyper-diverse rove beetle $1,500 Museum of Denmark subtribe Paederina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) Zachary E. Lieberman College of Marin A taxonomic revision of the cryptic plate- $1,500 nosed ants of Africa (Formicidae: Proceratiinae: Discothyrea Roger) Sandor Csosz Tatiana Sepulveda Tatiana Itanna O. Fernandes Itanna O. Williston Andrew Matt Kohlmann Siddharth & Miller Jeremy Kulkarni Paula Fernanda MottaPaula Rodrigues

22 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 23 AWARDS Awards & Recognition

James Hanken was Chief Guest at Graduate Students International Peradeniya University Research Emily Hager and Talia Moore were Sessions (iPURSE) at the University of awarded the Robert A. Chapman Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Memorial Fellowship. Hopi E. Hoekstra received the Richard Zachary Lewis received an Lounsbery Award from the U.S. National honorable mention for the Brian K. Academy of Sciences for her work probing Hall Award from the Canadian the molecular basis of how adaptation to Society of Zoologists. novel selective pressures establishes and sustains diversity during evolution. Undergraduates Staff Hanna Barnes received a Harvard College Research Program grant

Ronnie Broadfoot, Ernst Mayr Librarian, Carolyn Eng for her research on the skeletal and Megan McHugh, Human Resources anatomy of the early tetrapod Zachary Lewis Coordinator, each received a Dean’s Proterogyrinus.

Distinction Award, which recognizes Molly Renfer Rose Lincoln Rose outstanding citizenship and exceptional Paige Kouba Paige Kouba was awarded the Herchel Scott V. Edwards contributions in support of the Faculty of Smith Harvard Undergraduate Research Emeritus Arts and Sciences’ mission. Ricardo Pérez-de la Fuente was awarded Program award for her research on mosquito Richard Lewontin and Tomoko Ohta were the X Edition Ramon Margalef secondary abundance and diversity in the Boston awarded the Royal Swedish Academy of Postdoctoral Researchers award for the best science paper derived metro area. Sciences Crafoord Prize in Biosciences for Andrés Bendesky was awarded a NIH K99 from a PhD carried out at the University of Graduating seniors Young-Mi Kwon and Tess their pioneering analysis and fundamental Pathway to Independence Award for his Barcelona during the previous four years. Linden were awarded the Thomas T. Hoopes contributions to the understanding of work on the genetics of social behavior. Mary Caswell (Cassie) Stoddard received Prize for their outstanding genetic polymorphism. the Cooper Ornithological Society Young senior theses: “The Edward O. Wilson was awarded the Green Professional Award, the Jasper Loftus-Hills genetic basis of parental Prize for Sustainable Literature, Pioneer Young Investigator Award from the American care in Peromyscus” Award, sponsored by the Santa Monica Public Society of Naturalists, and the L’Oréal- (Kwon) and “The role of Library and the City of Santa Monica’s Office UNESCO For Women in Science International Agouti isoforms in the of Sustainability and the Environment. His Rising Talent Award. evolution of convergent 2014 book, The Meaning of Human Existence, pigmentation phenotypes was a National Book Award Finalist. in Peromyscus mice” (Linden). Faculty Linden was also awarded Scott V. Edwards was inducted into the U.S. Harvard’s Trustman National Academy of Sciences in recognition Traveling Fellowship of his distinguished and continuing to fund research on achievements in original research. orchid–bee coevolution Gonzalo Giribet was elected a Corresponding in Costa Rica. Kwon Member of the Biological Sciences Section of was also awarded a the Institute of Catalan Studies, Catalonian prestigious Herchel

Academy of Sciences. He gave the Presidential Stefani Fontana Smith Postgraduate rd Traveling Scholarship to Lecture at the 3 International Congress Katrina Jones of Invertebrate Morphology at Humboldt study cancer genetics in Tasmanian devils at University, Berlin, and the Peter Ax Lecture Katrina Jones was awarded the Society of at the 107th Annual Meeting of the German Cambridge University. James Hanken Vertebrate Paleontology Alfred Sherwood Raabi Lukas Zoological Society, Göttingen. Mary Caswell Stoddard Romer Prize for best PhD dissertation talk. Tess Linden

24 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 25 MCZ PUBLICATIONS

• Fogarty MJ, McCarthy JJ. Marine ecosystem-based • Jarvis ED and 104 authors including Edwards MCZ Publications in Calendar Year 2014 management: Past, present, and the future. In SV (2014) Whole-genome analyses resolve early Marine Ecosystem-Based Management. Vol. 16, THE branches in the tree of life of modern birds. Science • Andrade SCS, Montenegro H, Strand M, Schwartz clingfish Gobiesox( maeandricus). J Exp Biol SEA: Ideas and Observations on Progress in the Study 346:1320-1331 of the Seas (Fogarty MJ, McCarthy JJ, eds) Harvard M, Kajihara H, Norenburg JL, Turbeville JM, 217:2548-2554 • Jones KE, German RZ (2014) Ontogenetic Sundberg P, Giribet G (2014) A transcriptomic University Press: Cambridge, MA • Dunn CW, Giribet G, Edgecombe GD, Hejnol allometry of the thoracolumbar spine during post- approach to ribbon worm systematics (Nemertea): • Gainett G, Sharma PP, Pinto-da-Rocha R, Giribet natal growth. Evol Dev 16:110-120 resolving the Pilidiophora problem. Mol Biol Evol A (2014) Animal phylogeny and its evolutionary implications. Annu Rev Ecol Evol S 45:371-395 G, Willemart RH (2014) Walk it off: Predictive power 31:3206-3215 of appendicular characters toward inference of • Jones KE, Rose KD, Perry JMG (2014) Body size • Eng CM, Pancheri FQ, Lieberman DE, Biewener higher-level relationships in Laniatores (Arachnida: and premolar evolution in the early-middle eocene • Baldwin MW, Toda Y, Nakagita T, O'Connell euprimates of Wyoming. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:15-28 MJ, Klasing KC, Misaka T, Edwards SV, Liberles AA, Dorfmann L (2014) Directional differences in Opiliones). Cladistics 30:120-138 the biaxial material properties of fascia lata and the SD (2014) Evolution of sweet taste perception in • Garwood RJ, Sharma PP, Dunlop JA, Giribet G • Kambic RE, Roberts TJ, Gatesy SM (2014) Long- hummingbirds by transformation of the ancestral implications for fascia function. Ann Biomed Eng axis rotation: a missing degree of freedom in avian 42:1224-1237 (2014) A new stem-group Palaeozoic harvestman umami receptor. Science 345:929-933 revealed through integration of phylogenetics and bipedal locomotion. J Exp Biol 217:2770-2782 • “Walk it off: Predictive power • Barry AJ, Jenks T, Majumdar A, Lin H-T, Ros I, Evans AM, McKenna DD, Bellamy CL, Farrell BD development. Curr Biol 24:1017-1023 • Kawauchi GY, Giribet G (2014) Sipunculus nudus (2014) Large-scale molecular phylogeny of metallic of appendicular characters Biewener AA, Tedrake R (2014) Flying between • Giribet G (2014) On Aculifera: A review of Linnaeus, 1766 (Sipuncula): cosmopolitan or a toward inference of higher- obstacles with an autonomous knife-edge maneuver. wood-boring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestoidea) group of pseudo-cryptic species? An integrated level relationships in Laniatores provides new insights into relationships and reveals hypotheses in tribute to Christopher Schander. J Nat 2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Hist 48:2739-2749 molecular and morphological approach. Mar Ecol (Arachnida: Opiliones)” by Automation: Hong Kong multiple evolutionary origins of the larval leaf- 35:478-491 Gonzalo Giribet and colleagues mining habit. Syst Entomol 40:385-400 • Giribet G, Fernández R, Boyer SL (2014) On four was featured on the cover. • Bieler R, Mikkelsen PM, Collins TM, Glover EA, • Klaczko J, IngramT, Losos JB (2014) Genitals evolve • Fernández R, Giribet G (2014) Phylogeography poorly known harvestmen from New Zealand González VL, Graf DL, Harper EM, Healy JM, (Arachnida, Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, faster than other traits in Anolis lizards. J Zool 295:44-48 Kawauchi GY, Sharma PP, Staubach S, Strong EE, and species delimitation in the New Zealand Dyspnoi, Laniatores). New Zeal J Zool 41:223-233 • Kocher SD, Pellissier L, Veller C, Purcell J, Nowak For the cover story, Gonzalo Taylor JD, Tëmkin I, Zardus JD, Clark S, Guzmán A, endemic, genetically hypervariable harvestman MA, Chapuisat M, Pierce NE (2014) Transitions Giribet, Vanessa L. González, , Sharp P, (2014) Investigating species, Aoraki denticulata (Arachnida, Opiliones, • Giribet G, Lemer S (2014) On the occurrence Gisele Y. Kawauchi, Alejandra McIntyre E Giribet G in social complexity along elevational gradients the Bivalve Tree of Life—an exemplar-based Cyphophthalmi). Invertebr Syst 28:401-414 of Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969 (Decapoda, Guzmán, Erin McIntyre reveal a combined impact of season length and approach combining molecular and novel Palaemonidae, Pontoniinae) in Echinometra lucunter and colleagues contributed • Fernández R, Hormiga G, Giribet G (2014) development time on social evolution. P R Soc B “Investigating the Bivalve Tree morphological characters. Invertebr Syst 28:32-115 (Linnaeus, 1758) (Echinodermata, Echinoidea, Phylogenomic analysis of spiders reveals 281:20140627 of Life—an exemplar-based Echinometridae) in the Archipelago of Bocas del • Biewener AA, Wakeling JM, Lee SS, Arnold AS nonmonophyly of orb weavers. Curr Biol approach combining molecular Toro, Panama. Crustaceana 87:634-638 • Kvist S, Brugler MR, Goh TG, Giribet G, Siddall (2014) Validation of hill-type muscle models in 24:1772-1777 and novel morphological ME (2014) Pyrosequencing of the salivary characters.” relation to neuromuscular recruitment and force– • Giribet G, McIntyre E, Christian E, Espinasa L, • Fernández R, Kvist S, Lenihan J, Giribet G, Ziegler transcriptome of Haemadipsa interrupta (Annelida: velocity properties: Predicting patterns of in vivo Ferreira RL, Francke ÓF, Harvey MS, Isaia M, Kováč A (2014) Sine systemate chaos? A versatile tool for Clitellata: Haemadipsidae) reveals a wide array muscle force. Integr Comp Biol doi:10.1093/icb/icu070 earthworm taxonomy: non-destructive imaging of Ĺ, McCutchen L, Souza MFVR, Zagmajster M (2014) The first phylogenetic analysis of Palpigradi of anticoagulants and provides insights into the • Burroughs R, Morris ZS, Marsh A (2014) freshly fixed and museum specimens using micro- evolution of anticoagulation capabilities in leeches. computed tomography. PLoS ONE 9:e96617 (Arachnida)—the most enigmatic arthropod order. Trachemys scripta (Red-Eared Slider), Pseudemys Invertebr Syst 28:350-360 Invertebr Biol 133:74-98 texana (Texas River Cooter), Chelydra serpentina • Fernández R, Laumer CE, Vahtera V, Libro S, • Kvist S, Laumer CE, Junoy J, Giribet G (2014) New (Snapping Turtle), feeding behavior and scavenging. • González VL, Giribet G (2014) A multilocus Kaluziak S, Sharma PP, Pérez-Porro AR, Edgecombe insights into the phylogeny, systematics and DNA Gonzalo Giribet, Erin McIntyre Herpetological Rev 45:321-322 phylogeny of archiheterodont bivalves (Mollusca, GD, Giribet G (2014) Evaluating topological conflict barcoding of Nemertea. Invertebr Syst 28:287-308 and colleagues contributed Bivalvia, Archiheterodonta). Zool Scr 44:41-58 “The first phylogenetic analysis • Castañeda MdR, Sherratt E, Losos JB (2014) The in centipede phylogeny using transcriptomic data • Laumer CE, Giribet G (2014) Inclusive taxon of Palpigradi (Arachnida)—the Mexican amber anole, Anolis electrum, within a sets. Mol Biol Evol 31:1500-1513 • Hanken J (2014) Review of A Channing, M-O most enigmatic arthropod order.” sampling suggests a single, stepwise origin of phylogenetic context: implications for the origins of Rödel, and J Channing, Tadpoles of Africa: The • Fernández R, Vélez S, Giribet G (2014) Linking ectolecithality in Platyhelminthes. Biol J Linn Soc Caribbean anoles. Zool J Linn Soc-Lond 172:133-144 genetic diversity and morphological disparity: biology and identification of all known tadpoles in sub-Saharan Africa. Copeia 2014:400-402 111:570-588 • Cook JA, Edwards SV, Lacey E, Guralnick RP, Soltis biodiversity assessment of a highly unexplored • Laumer CE, Giribet G, Curini-Galletti M PS, Soltis DE, Welch C, Bell KC, Galbreath KE, Himes family of harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: • Helmus MR, Mahler DL, Losos JB (2014) Island (2014) Prosogynopora riseri, gen. et spec. nov., a C, Allen JM, Heath TA, Carnaval AC, Cooper KL, Neopilionidae) in New Zealand. Invertebr Syst biogeography of the Anthropocene. Nature 513:543-546 phylogenetically problematic lithophoran proseriate , (2014) Aiming up: Natural history 28:590-604 Liu M Hanken J • Holt NC, Wakeling JM, Biewener AA (2014) (Platyhelminthes: Rhabditophora) with inverted collections as emerging resources for innovative Gonzalo Giribet, Rosa Fernández • Fisher HS, Giomi L, Hoekstra HE, Mahadevan L The effect of fast and slow motor unit activation genital pores from the New England coast. Invertebr undergraduate education in biology. BioScience and colleague published (2014) The dynamics of sperm cooperation in a on whole muscle mechanical performance: the size Syst 28:309-325 “Phylogenomic analysis of spiders 64:725-734 competitive environment. P R Soc B 281:20140296 principle may not pose a mechanical paradox. reveals nonmonophyly of orb • Lemer S, Buge B, Bemis A, Giribet G (2014) First • , , , P R Soc B 281: 20140002 weavers.” Corbett-Detig R Jacobs-Palmer E Hartl DL • Fogarty MJ, McCarthy JJ, eds (2014) Marine molecular phylogeny of the circumtropical bivalve (2014) Segregation distorters are Hoekstra HE Ecosystem-Based Management, Vol. 16, THE SEA: • Ikmi A, Gaertner B, Seidel C, Srivastava M, Zeitlinger family Pinnidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia): Evidence not a primary source of Dobzhansky-Muller Ideas and Observations on Progress in the Study of J, Gibson MC (2014) Molecular evolution of the Yap/ for high levels of cryptic species diversity. Mol incompatibilities in house mouse hybrids. PLoS the Seas. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA Yorkie proto-oncogene and elucidation of its core Phylogenet Evol 75:11-23 ONE 10:e0131933 transcriptional program. Mol Biol Evol 31:1375-90 • Fogarty MJ, McCarthy JJ. An overview of • Lemer S, Giribet G (2014) Occurrence of a • Crandell KE, Herrel A, Sasa M, , Autumn K Losos JB marine ecosystem-based management. In Marine • Janes DE, Organ CL, Stiglec R, O’Meally D, Sarre bivalve-inhabiting marine hydrozoan (Hydrozoa: (2014) Stick or grip? Co-evolution of adhesive toepads Ecosystem-Based Management. Vol. 16, THE SEA: SD, Georges A, Graves JAM, Valenzuela N, Literman Hydroidolina: Leptothecata) in the amber pen- For the cover story, Jonathan B. and claws in Anolis lizards. Zoology 117:363-369 Ideas and Observations on Progress in the Study of RA, Rutherford K, Gemmell N, Iverson JB, Tamplin shell Pinna carnea GMELIN, 1791 (Bivalvia: Losos, D. Luke Mahler • Ditsche P, Wainwright DK, Summers AP (2014) the Seas (Fogarty MJ, McCarthy JJ, eds) Harvard JW, Edwards SV, Ezaz T (2014) Molecular evolution Pteriomorphia: Pinnidae) from Bocas del Toro. and colleagues published University Press: Cambridge, MA of Dmrt1 accompanies change of sex-determining J Mollusc Stud 80:464-468 “Island biogeography of the Attachment to challenging substrates—fouling, Anthropocene.” roughness and limits of adhesion in the northern mechanisms in Reptilia. Biol Letters 10:20140809

26 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 27 MCZ PUBLICATIONS MCZ PUBLICATIONS

• Lemer S, Planes S (2014) Effects of habitat in recently bottlenecked populations. PLoS ONE • Roman J, Estes JA, Morissette L, Smith C, Costa D, • Wegene JE, Gartner GEA, Losos JB (2014) Lizard fragmentation on the genetic structure and 9:e110579 McCarthy J, Nation JB, Nicol S, Pershing A, Smetacek scales in an adaptive radiation: variation in scale connectivity of the black-lipped pearl oyster V (2014) Whales as marine ecosystem engineers. number follows climatic and structural habitat • Pinctada margaritifera populations in French Portugal SJ, Pierce SE (2014) Who's looking at your Front Ecol Environ 12:377–385 diversity in Anolis lizards. Biol J Linn Soc 113:570-579 Polynesia. Mar Biol 161:2035-2049 data? Science Careers doi:10.1126/science.caredit. a1400052 • Rose KD, Holbrook L, Rana R, Kumar K, Jones • Wen L, Weaver JC, Lauder GV (2014) Biomimetic • Lenihan J, Kvist S, Fernández R, Giribet G, K, Ahrens H, Missiaen P, Sahni A, Smith T (2014) shark skin: design, fabrication and hydrodynamic • Ziegler A (2014) A dataset comprising four micro- Price SL, Powell S, Kronauer DJC, Tran LAP, Pierce Early Eocene fossils suggest the mammalian order function. J Exp Biol 217:1656-1666 computed tomography scans of freshly fixed and NE, Wayne RK (2014) Renewed diversification is Perissodactyla originated in India. Nature Commun • museum earthworm specimens. GigaScience 3:6 associated with new ecological opportunity in the 5: 5570 Wilson EO (2014) A Window on Eternity: A Neotropical turtle ants. J Evol Biol 27:242-258 Biologist’s Walk Through Gorongosa National Park. • Lin H-T, Ros IG, Biewener AA (2014) Through the • Sanders JG, Powell S, Kronauer DJC, Vasconcelos Simon & Schuster: New York • eyes of a bird: A modeling paradigm for obstacle Pyron RA, Reynolds RG, Burbrink FT (2014) A HL, Frederickson ME, Pierce NE (2014) Stability and • flight.J R Soc Interface 11:20140239 taxonomic revision of boas (Serpentes: Boidae). phylogenetic correlation in gut microbiota: lessons Wilson EO (2014) The Meaning of Human Existence. Zootaxa 3846:249-260 from ants and apes. Mol Ecol 23:1268-83 Liverlight Publishing Corporation: New York Research published by Gonzalo • Lopez JV and the GIGA Community of Scientists • • Giribet and colleagues, “The including Giribet G (2014) The Global Invertebrate Quinn DB, Lauder GV, Smits AJ (2014) Flexible • Sears MAB, Woollacott RM (2014) Benjamin Winston J, Vieira L, Woollacott RM (2014) Global Invertebrate Genomics Genomics Alliance (GIGA): Developing community propulsors in ground effect.Bioinspir Biomim Harrison Grave: American invertebrate zoologist. Scientific results of theHassler Expedition. Bryozoa. Alliance (GIGA): Developing 9:036008 No. 2. Brazil. Bull MCZ 161:139-239 community resources to study resources to study diverse invertebrate genomes. In Annals of Bryozoology 4: aspects of the history diverse invertebrate genomes,” J Hered 105:1-18 • Quinn DB, Lauder GV, Smits AJ (2014) Scaling the of research on bryozoans (Wyse Jackson P, Spenser • Wray GA, Futuyma DA, Lenski RE, MacKay TFC, was featured as the cover story. Jones M eds) 137–167 International Bryozoological • propulsive performance of heaving flexible panels. Schluter D, Strassman JE, Hoekstra HE (2014) Does Lucas KN, Johnson N, Beaulieu WT, Cathcart E, Association, Trinity College: Dublin Tirrell G, Colin SP, Gemmell BJ, Dabiri JO, Costello J Fluid Mech 738:250-267 evolutionary biology need a rethink? Counterpoint: No, all is well. Nature 514:161-164 JH (2014) Bending rules for animal propulsion. Nat • Rabeling C, Bollazzi M, Bacci Jr M, Beasley RR, • Sertich JJW, Stucky RK, McDonald HG, Newton Commun 5:3293 Lance SL, Jones KL, Pierce NE (2014) Development C, Fisher DC, Scott E, Demboski JR, Lucking C, • Wu SY, Zhang FC, Edwards SV, Wu WY, Ye J, Bi Sea-levelTHE rise ECOLOGICAL and tidal marsh ecosystems` SOCIETY OF AMERICA McHorse BK, Davis EB (2014) High-elevation late A Window on Eternity by • Lyons DC, Martindale MQ, Srivastava M (2014) and characterization of twenty-two polymorphic SD, Ni XJ, Quan C, Meng J, Organ CL (2014) The Frontiersin Ecology microsatellite markers for the leafcutter ant, Pleistocene (MIS 6–5) vertebrate faunas from the evolution of bipedalism in jerboas (Rodentia: Edward O. Wilson describes and The cell's view of animal body-plan evolution.Integr depicts one of the biologically and thethe Environment Acromyrmex lundii, utilizing Illumina sequencing. Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, Snowmass Village, Dipodoidea): Origin in humid and forested Issue No 7 Volume 12 September 2014 Comp Biol 54:658-66 Colorado. Quaternary Res 82:504–517 richest places in Africa—and Conserv Genet Res 6:319-322 environments. Evolution 68:2108-2118. perhaps in the world— • Magesh M, Glasby CJ, Kvist S (2014) Redescription • • Sharma PP, Giribet G (2014) A revised dated • Gorongosa National Park in of Namalycastis glasbyi Fernando & Rajasekaran, Rabeling C, Bollazzi M, Bacci Jr M, Beasley RR, Xiong G, Lauder GV (2014) Center of mass motion Mozambique. Lance SL, Jones KL, Pierce NE (2014) Development phylogeny of the arachnid order Opiliones. Fron in swimming fish: effects of speed and locomotor 2007 (Annelida, Nereididae, Namanereidinae) from Genet 5:255 India. P Biol Soc Wash 127:455-465 of twenty-one polymorphic microsatellite markers mode during undulatory propulsion. Zoology for the fungus-growing ant, Mycocepurus goeldii • Sharma PP, Kaluziak S, Pérez-Porro AR, González 117:269-281 • McGlothlin JW, Chuckalovcak JP, Janes DE, Edwards (Formicidae: Attini), using Illumina paired-end Whales as ecosystem engineers VL, Hormiga G, Wheeler WC, Giribet G (2014) • , Feldman CR, Brodie Jr ED, Pfrender MC, Brodie genomic sequencing. Conserv Genet Res 6:739-41 Youngerman ED, Flammang BE, Lauder GV Conserving mobile species SV Phylogenomic interrogation of Arachnida reveals Assessing environmental security in China III ED (2014) Parallel evolution of tetrodotoxin (2014) Locomotion of freely swimming ghost esa • Rabeling C, Schultz TR, Pierce NE, Bacci Jr M systemic conflicts in phylogenetic signal.Mol Biol knifefish: anal fin function during four behaviors. resistance in three voltage-gated sodium channel Evol 31:2963-2984 genes in the garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis. Mol Biol (2014) A social parasite evolved reproductive Zoology 17:337-348 “Whales as marine ecosystem Evol 31:2836-2846 isolation from its fungus-growing ant host in • Shelton RM, Thornycroft P,Lauder GV (2014) engineers” by James J. McCarthy, • Zapata F, Wilson NG, Howison M, Andrade sympatry. Curr Biol 24:2047-52 Undulatory locomotion of flexible foils as Joe Roman and colleagues was • McKenna DD, Farrell BD, Caterino MS, Farnum SCS, Jörger KM, Schrödl M, Goetz FE, Giribet G, featured on the cover. • Reynolds RG, Niemiller ML, Revell LJ (2014) biomimetic models for understanding fish Dunn CW (2014) Phylogenomic analyses of deep CW, Hawks DC, Maddison DR, Seago AE, Short propulsion. J Exp Biol 217:2110-2120 AEZ, Newton AF, Thayer MK (2014) Phylogeny and Toward a Tree-of-Life for the boas and pythons: gastropod relationships reject Orthogastropoda. evolution of Staphyliniformia and Scarabaeiformia: multilocus species-level phylogeny with • Song T, Köhler S, Ludäscher B, Hanken J, Kelly P R Soc B 281:20141739 unprecedented taxon sampling. Mol Phylogenet Forest litter as a stepping-stone for diversification of M, Lowery D, Macklin JA, Morris PJ, Morris RA • Evol 71:201-213 Zhang Q, Hill GE, Edwards SV, Backström N non-phytophagous beetles. Syst Entomol 40:35-60 (2014) Towards automated design, analysis and (2014) A house finch Haemorhous( mexicanus) optimization of declarative curation workflows. • • Reynolds RG, Puente-Rolón AR, Barandiaran M, spleen transcriptome reveals intra- and interspecific Molnar JL, Pierce SE, Hutchinson JR (2014) Internat J Dig Curat 9:111–122 An experimental and morphometric test of the Revell LJ (2014) Hispaniolan Boa (Chilabothrus striatus) patterns of gene expression, alternative splicing relationship between vertebral morphology on Vieques Island, Puerto Rico. Herpetology Notes • Srivastava M, Mazza-Curll K, van Wolfswinkel JC, and genetic diversity in passerines. BMC Genomics and joint stiffness in Nile crocodiles Crocodylus( 7:121-122 Reddien PW (2014) Whole-body acoel regeneration 15:305. niloticus). J Exp Biol 217:758-768 • Reynolds RG, Puente-Rolón AR, Kolodzaike K, is controlled by Wnt and Bmp-Admp signaling. Curr • Zhang GJ and 105 authors including Edwards SV In The Meaning of Human Biol 24:1107-13 Existence, Edward O. Wilson • Murienne J, Daniels SR, Buckley TR, Mayer G, Butler-Smith T (2014) Isolation and characterization (2014) Comparative genomics reveals insights into of 23 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers avian genome evolution and adaptation. Science examines what makes human Giribet G (2014) A living fossil tale of Pangaean • Stuart YE, Campbell TS, Hohenlohe PA, Reynolds beings supremely different from biogeography. P R Soc B 281:20132648 from the endangered Puerto Rican boa RG, Revell LJ, Losos JB (2014) Rapid evolution of 346:1311-1320. all other species. (Chilabothrus inornatus) using paired-end Illumina a native species following invasion by a congener. • Zimkus BM, Ford LS (2014) Best practices for • Pancheri FQ, Eng CM, Lieberman DE, Biewener shotgun sequencing. Conserv Genet Res 6:107-109 Science 346:463-466 AA, Dorfmann L (2014) A constitutive description genetic resources associated with natural history • of the anisotropic response of the fascia lata. J Mech Riesgo A, Farrar N, Windsor PJ, Giribet G, Leys SP • Vélez S, Fernández R, Giribet G (2014) A collections: a practical implementation. Collection (2014) The analysis of eight transcriptomes from all Forum 28:77-113 Gonzalo Giribet, Sebastián Vélez Behav Biomed 30:306-323 molecular phylogenetic approach to the New and Rosa Fernández published “A Porifera classes reveals surprising genetic complexity Zealand species of Enantiobuninae (Opiliones: • • Zimkus BM, Ford LS (2014) Genetic resource molecular phylogenetic approach Piekarski N, Gross JB, Hanken J (2014) in sponges. Mol Biol Evol 31:1102-1120 Eupnoi: Neopilionidae). Invertebr Syst 28:565-589 Evolutionary innovation and conservation in the collections associated with natural history to the New Zealand species • of Enantiobuninae (Opiliones: embryonic derivation of the vertebrate skull. Nat Riesgo A, Novo M, Sharma PP, Peterson M, • Wahlberg N, Rota J, Braby MF, Pierce NE, Wheat CW museums: A survey and analysis to establish a Eupnoi: Neopilionidae).” Maldonado M, Giribet G (2014) Inferring the benchmark of standards. In DNA Banking for the Commun 5:5661 (2014) Revised systematics and higher classification st ancestral sexuality and reproductive condition in of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on 21 Century. Proceedings of the U.S. Workshop on • Poh YP, Domingues VS, Hoekstra HE, Jensen JD sponges (Porifera). Zool Scr 43:101-117 molecular data. Zool Scr 43641-650 DNA Banking (Applequist WL, Campbell L eds) 9-44 (2014) On the prospect of identifying adaptive loci William L Brown Center: St. Louis

28 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 29 MCZ PERSONNEL

Faculty-Curators Postdoctoral Fellows, Research Sebastian Pohl Jacob Gable Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Financial Data Andrew A. Biewener Associates & Visiting Scholars Charles P. Lyman Professor of Biology; Allison Arnold-Rife Robert Graham Reynolds Kadeem Gilbert Director, Concord Field Station Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Scott V. Edwards Andres Bendesky Ivo Ros Patrick Gorring These charts describe the income and expenses of the Museum of Comparative Zoology in fiscal year 2015. Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Entomology, Farrell Lab Biology; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Tim Sackton Philip Grayson Zoology; Curator of Ornithology Partha Bhagavatula Endowment income funds much of the Museum’s activities, and expenses (Overhead Charged). Special Project–NW Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Brian D. Farrell including acquisition and maintenance of collections, Collections includes deployment of collections to the newly Martin Schwentner Alexis Harrison Professor of Biology; Curator of María del Rosario Castañeda Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab faculty and staff salaries, capital projects, facilities constructed space in the Northwest Building. Building Entomology; Director, David Rockefeller Herpetology, Losos Lab renovation and maintenance. Included in Endowment expenses such as maintenance, facility improvements and Center for Latin American Studies Alison Cloutier Lori Shapiro Michael Hawkins Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Herpetology, Hanken Lab income is the annual distribution, revenue generated from utilities are captured in the Space & Occupancy category. Gonzalo Giribet Ornithology, Edwards Lab Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary David Combosch Shantanu Shukla Emily Jacobs-Palmer assets purchased through endowments, and endowed funds Operating Expenses consist of equipment purchases, Biology; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Zoology; Curator of Invertebrate Zoology decapitalized per donor request. Transfers include Harvard supplies, and consultant and conference fees, as well as Valentina Di Santo Yung Wa (Simon) Sin Zofia Kaliszewska University-funded faculty research, financial support annual subventions to the Department of Organismic and James Hanken Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Professor of Biology; Alexander Agassiz for the Ernst Mayr Library, and other Harvard-funded Evolutionary Biology (OEB) for administrative services. Carolyn Eng Mary Stoddard Ambika Kamath Professor of Zoology; Curator of Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab projects. Other Income comprises miscellaneous income Support for MCZ-affiliated graduate students in OEB is Herpetology; Director, MCZ Pierre-Henri Fabre Gerard Talavera Emily Kay from publication subscriptions, royalties, sales and fees, included in Scholarships, Awards & Travel. Institutional Hopi E. Hoekstra Herpetology, Losos Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab and cost recovery from other MCZ-sponsored activities. Expenses are support for other University activities outside Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology; Professor of Molecular & Rosa Fernández García Melissa Whitaker Evan Kingsley Overhead is funding paid from MCZ-based sponsored the MCZ, including FAS and University initiatives and Cellular Biology; Alexander Agassiz Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Professor of Zoology; Curator of projects to cover facilities and administrative costs for those general operating support to the Harvard Museum of Heidi Fisher Charles Williams Mara Laslo Mammalogy; Howard Hughes Medical Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Herpetology, Hanken Lab projects. It is shown as both income (Overhead Earned) Natural History. Institute Investigator; Harvard College Professor Brooke Flammang Christopher Laumer Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Graduate Students Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab George V. Lauder Income Expenses & Non-Operating Funds Professor of Biology; Henry Bryant Hunter Fraser Caitlin Baker Zachary Lewis Bigelow Professor of Ichthyology; Curator Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Herpetology, Hanken Lab of Ichthyology Adam Freedman Christopher Baker Kelsey Lucas Jonathan B. Losos Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Endowment 76% Salaries & Fringe Benefits 45% Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Alexis Harrison Maude Baldwin Briana McHorse Biology; Monique & Philip Lehner Herpetology, Losos Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Professor for the Study of Latin America; Operating Curator of Herpetology Caroline Hu Nicole Bedford Bruno Souza de Medeiros Expenses Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Entomology, Farrell Lab James J. McCarthy Capitalized 20% Professor of Biological Oceanography; Katrina Jones Katherine Boronow Hillery Metz Balances Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Vertebrate Paleontology, S. Pierce Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab <1% Oceanography; Acting Curator of Betul Kacar John Boyle Talia Moore Malacology Ornithology, Edwards Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Naomi E. Pierce Special Robert Kambic Alexandra Brown Martha Muñoz Sidney A. & John H. Hessel Professor of Vertebrate Paleontology, S. Pierce Lab Entomology, Farrell Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab Gifts 1% Project−NW Biology; Curator of Lepidoptera Collections Christopher Kenaley Rebecca Buckman Pavitra Muralidhar Other Federal 2% Stephanie E. Pierce Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab Assistant Professor of Organismic Income Sponsored Scholarships, Nonfederal & Evolutionary Biology; Curator of Sebastian Kvist Shane Campbell-Staton Shayla Salzman 2% Revenue Awards & Overhead Ornithology, Edwards Lab Sponsored Transfers Overhead Vertebrate Paleontology Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab 13% Travel 2% Charged Space & Institutional Earned 4% Richard Childers Revenue 2% 2% (Sponsored) Occupancy Expenses 16% Mansi Srivastava Oriol Lapiedra Jon Sanders Herpetology, Losos Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab 4% 11% Assistant Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology Jean-Marc Lassance Glenna Clifton Elizabeth Sefton Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Income Expenses Robert M. Woollacott Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Herpetology, Hanken Lab Professor of Biology; Curator of Marine Fabio Laurindo da Silva Mark Cornwall Allison Shulz Endowment $14,585,748 Salaries & Fringe Benefits $8,630,113 Invertebrates Entomology, Farrell Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Federal Sponsored Revenue $2,582,779 Operating Expenses $3,698,538 Emeritus Faculty Sarah Lemer Julia Cosgrove Kari Taylor-Burt Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Overhead Earned $847,394 Institutional Expenses $2,947,850 A.W. “Fuzz” Crompton Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Transfers $426,151 Space & Occupancy $2,135,514 Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Fisher David Lubertazzi James Crall Kira Treibergs Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Global Ant Project, Wilson Lab Entomology, N. Pierce Lab Marine Invertebrates, Woollacott Lab Nonfederal Sponsored Revenue $350,679 Overhead Charged (Sponsored) $841,339 Richard C. Lewontin Ricardo Mallarino Tauana Cunha Dylan Wainwright Other Income $328,719 Scholarships, Awards & Travel $438,480 Professor of Biology, Emeritus; Alexander Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Gifts $121,820 Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus Special Project–NW Collections $293,718 Ana Lúcia Miranda Tourinho Blake Dickson Xuemai Zhai Total $19,243,290 Capitalized Balances $52,580 Edward O. Wilson Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Vertebrate Zoology, S. Pierce Lab Biological Oceanography, McCarthy Lab Honorary Curator in Entomology; Ricardo Pérez de la Fuente Amanda Evans Total $19,038,132 Pellegrino University Professor, Emeritus Entomology, Farrell Lab Entomology, Farrell Lab Associates Dennis Persson Kara Feilich Gary Alpert Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Associate of Entomology Harvard University

30 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 31 MCZ PERSONNEL MCZ PERSONNELHEADER

Brian S. Arbogast Gustavo Hormiga Andrea Sequeira Tatiana De Souza Varges Catherine Musinsky Robert Young Keiko Nishimoto Monica Oyama Associate of Mammalogy Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Associate of Entomology Curatorial Assistant Faculty/Collection Assistant, Special Collections Librarian, Ernst Botany Library Financial Associate Wellesley College Mammalogy Mayr Library University of North Carolina The George Washington University Caroline DeVane Robert Oppenheimer Kristin Pennarun Wilmington Helen F. James Steven O. Shattuck Curatorial Assistant John Nevins Breda Zimkus Concord Field Station Manager of OEB Research Associate of Entomology Laboratory Systems Manager for Cryogenics Collections Manager for Administration Services Bruce Archibald Associate of Ornithology Joseph DeVeer You Jeong Park Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Biological Oceanography & Marine Genetic Resources Associate of Entomology National Museum of Natural History, Head of Technical Services, Ernst Mayr Ichthyology Bridget Power Research Organization (CSIRO) Biology Simon Fraser University Smithsonian Library Administrative Coordinator Valeria Marie Pelet Scott R. Shaw Mark Omura Aaron Bauer Alan Kabat Katherine Eldridge Temporary Staff Ernst Mayr Library Christopher Preheim Associate of Entomology Curatorial Assistant, Mammalogy Associate of Herpetology Associate of Malacology Curatorial Assistant, Ornithology Madeleine Ankhelyi Senior Academic Administrator University of Wyoming Patrick Randall Villanova University Attorney, Bernabei & Wachtel Julianne Pelaez Ichthyology Charles Farnum Ernst Mayr Library Keleigh Quinn Stephen Tilley Curatorial Assistant Reinier Beeuwkes, III Leslie S. Kaufman Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Anthony Buda Senior Research Administrator Associate of Herpetology Jessica Roth Associate of Zoology Associate of Ichthyology Philip Perkins Ernst Mayr Library Smith College Helene Ferranti Collection Operations Peg Richard Ischemix Company Boston University Curatorial Associate, Entomology Faculty/Collection Assistant, Biological Linnaea Burt Financial Assistant James Traniello Laura Sender Andrew Berry Gisele Y. Kawauchi Oceanography & Marine Biology Pedro Ramirez Cryogenic Collections Associate of Entomology Collection Operations Damari Rosado Associate of Population Genetics Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Research Assistant, Concord Field Boston University Dana Fisher Paul Chaikin Associate Director of Administration Harvard University University of São Paulo Station Kaitlin Sheridan Assistant to the Librarian/ Special Collections Operations David Wagner Invertebrate Zoology Anna Salvato Elizabeth Brainerd Ruth Hortencia Bastardo Landrau Collections, Ernst Mayr Library Jignasha Rana Associate of Entomology Ashley Correia Manager of Financial Operations Associate of Ichthyology Associate of Entomology Research Assistant, Entomology Molly Solomon Linda S. Ford Ernst Mayr Library Brown University Universidad Autónoma de Santo University of Connecticut Malacology Geoff Tierney Director, Collections Operations Murat Recevik Domingo David Wake Claire Dailey Associate Director of Finance and Jae Choe Curatorial Assistant, Malacology Mingyuan Song Brendan Haley Ernst Mayr Library Research Administration Associate of Entomology Phillip Lobel Associate of Herpetology Ernst Mayr Library Ewha Womans University Associate of Ichthyology University of California, Berkeley Senior Database Manager Mark Renczkowski Kenneth Fu Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Meaghan Sorce Boston University Marvalee Wake Karsten Hartel Ernst Mayr Library The MCZ deeply appreciates Janet Collett Paleontology Marine Invertebrates Associate of Population Genetics David Lohman Associate of Herpetology Curatorial Associate, Ichthyology Matthew Gage the additional support and University of California, Berkeley Constance Rinaldo Kathryn Stephens University of Sussex Associate of Entomology Rachel Hawkins Herpetology contributions of numerous interns The City College of New York Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Ernst Mayr Library Bruce Collette Philip S. Ward Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Sarah Guth and undergraduate students during Alana Rivera Amy Vo Associate of Ichthyology Vladimir A. Lukhtanov Associate of Entomology Andra Hollis Entomology Curatorial Assistant, Collections Ernst Mayr Library the 2014–2015 academic year. National Marine Fisheries Service Associate of Entomology University of California, Davis Staff Assistant, Concord Field Station Russian Academy of Sciences Operations Emily Hamblet David Bruce Conn Jacqueline Webb Kathleen Horton Ernst Mayr Library José Rosado Encyclopedia of Life, Learning Associate of Invertebrate Zoology James Mallet Associate of Ichthyology Assistant with Professor Wilson, Berry College Associate of Population Genetics University of Rhode Island Curatorial Associate, Herpetology Jane Harrison + Education Group Entomology Ornithology MCZ Faculty Harvard University Mary Sears Tracy Barbaro James Costa R. Haven Wiley Nikki Hughes The MCZ’s charter, signed in Head of Public Services, Ernst Mayr Gwendolyn Fougy Henry Project Coordinator Associate of Entomology Russell Mittermeier Associate of Ornithology Faculty/Collection Assistant, 1859, mandates that the Library Ernst Mayr Library Western Carolina University Associate of Herpetology University of North Carolina Mammalogy Jeffrey T. Holmes Museum’s activities will be Conservation International Diane Sheridan Madeleine Higgins Digital Learning Editor overseen by a governing Catherine Craig Cheryl Wilga Amie Jones Faculty/Collection Assistant, Mammalogy board, the Faculty of the Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Piotr Naskrecki Associate of Ichthyology Faculty/Collection Assistant, Entomology Amy Lorenz Conservation Through Poverty Associate of Entomology University of Rhode Island Invertebrate Zoology Jyhjong Hwang Project Coordinator Museum of Comparative Marcia Kazmierczak Zoology. Alleviation, International Conservation International Judith Winston Deborah Smiley Collections Operations Faculty/Collection Assistant, Herpetology Marie M. Studer Harlan Dean Diane B. Paul Associate of Marine Biology Managing Editor, MCZ and HUH India Peek Jensen Learning + Education Director Dr. John D. Constable Michelle Kennedy Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Associate of Population Genetics Virginia Museum of Natural History Margaret Starvish Ernst Mayr Library Collections Information & Database Mr. Robert G. Goelet Harvard University Harvard University Faculty/Collection Assistant, Ichthyology Specialist Kaitlyn Justus Administration for the Mr. George Putnam, Jr. Lloyd Demetrius David L. Pawson Staff & Entomology Ernst Mayr Library Laura Leibensperger Department of Organismic Associate of Population Genetics Associate of Marine Biology Melissa Aja Tsuyoshi Takahashi Mr. George Putnam III Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Sang Il Kim & Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Smithsonian National Museum of Faculty/Collection Assistant, Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology & Dr. Barbara Jil Wu Natural History Zoology Ernst Mayr Library Krista Carmichael Philip DeVries Herpetology Collections Operations Jennifer Lenihan Lacey Klingensmith Senior Research Administrator Mr. Paul J. Zofnass Associate of Entomology Stewart Peck Adam Baldinger Jennifer Thomson Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Herpetology Rebecca Chetham President Drew Gilpin Faust University of New Orleans Associate of Entomology Curatorial Associate, Invertebrate Faculty/Collection Assistant, Populations Carleton University Zoology Executive Director Gregory D. Edgecombe Zoology, Malacology & Marine Genetics Chen Li Invertebrates Lisa Litchfield Collections Operations Irv Dumay Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Paulo Petry Diana Tingley Turmenne Administrator, Concord Field Station Building Manager Natural History Museum, England Associate of Ichthyology Dorothy Barr Curatorial Assistant, Collections Maria Lindquist The Nature Conservancy Ben Evans Public Services/MCB Liaison Librarian, David Lowery Operations Ernst Mayr Library Paul Dwyer Ernst Mayr Library Project Programmer, Biodiversity Mailroom Staff Assistant Acknowledgements Associate of Herpetology Steve Poe Jeremiah Trimble Daniel Makholm Informatics McMaster University Associate of Herpetology Penny Benson Curatorial Associate, Ornithology Mammalogy Jason Green This annual report was University of New Mexico produced by the Office of the Brooke E. Flammang Curatorial Assistant, Malacology Joseph Martinez Elizabeth Meyer Financial Associate Catherine Weisel Director of the Museum of Associate of Ichthyology Michael Rex Ronnie Broadfoot Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology Ernst Mayr Library Museum Project Coordinator Alexander Hernandez-Siegel Comparative Zoology. New Jersey Institute of Technology Associate of Malacology Circulation/Reference, Ernst Mayr Patrick McCormack Senior Academic Programs Kenneth Wilcox Jessica Mitchell University of Massachusetts, Boston Library Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Administrator Kelvin A. Guerrero Building Services Coordinator Ernst Mayr Library Editors Associate of Entomology Jessica Rykken Judith Chupasko John Mewherter Wendy Heywood Victoria Wilke Rachel Moon James Hanken, Director Systematic Entomologist/Environmental Associate of Entomology Curatorial Associate, Mammalogy Curatorial Assistant Communications and Events Curatorial Assistant, Collections Ernst Mayr Library Melissa Aja, Museum Projects Consultant Harvard University Coordinator April Collins Juri Miyamae Operations Robert Morris Coordinator Michael Hadfield Chris Schneider Acquisitions and Technology Specialist, Curatorial Assistant, Collections Megan McHugh Andrew Williston Biodiversity Informatics Copy, Design & Production Associate of Marine Biology Associate of Herpetology Ernst Mayr Library Operations Human Resources Coordinator University of Hawaii Boston University Curatorial Assistant, Ichthyology Jessica Mullen Cyndi Wood Stefan Cover Paul J. Morris Philip Norton Jonathan Woodward Malacology Creative Project Berthold HÖlldobler Çağan H. Şekercioğlu Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Biodiversity Informatics Manager Assistant Building Manager Associate of Entomology Associate of Ornithology Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology & Li Eleanor Murphy Management, Inc. Arizona State University University of Utah Jessica Cundiff Monica Mowery Collections Operations Ernst Mayr Library Jeremiah O’Connor creativeprojectmgmt.com Curatorial Associate, Invertebrate & Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Financial Analyst Vertebrate Paleontology

32 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2014 . 2015 3 26 Oxford Street Cambridge, MA 02138 617.495.2460 mcz.harvard.edu