Greater Birmingham HMA Strategic Growth Study
8 STRATEGIC GREEN BELT REVIEW Approach and Methodology Background and Study Approach 8.1 In the context of seeking to address the shortfall in housing need across the HMA, this section moves on to present a strategic review of the Green Belt. 8.2 A significant proportion of the land in the HMA Area outside the built-up areas is covered by Green Belt policy, requiring the demonstration of Exceptional Circumstances through Local Plan Review for any alterations to be made to its extent. 8.3 The West Midlands Green Belt was created following the publication of Circular 42/55 which invited local planning authorities to consider the establishment of Green Belts in their development plans. As in other parts of the country, the designation of Green Belt was a reaction to the urban sprawl along transport corridors along with growing car ownership increasing the accessibility of rural areas. Land had already been bought by local authorities on the edge of the major urban areas to prevent further outward sprawl, when, in the early 1960s there were proposals for a Green Belt around the Birmingham conurbation. 8.4 Green Belt proposals were put forward as amendments to development plans but remained formally unapproved until 1975, when the Secretary of State approved the West Midlands Green Belt, although a quarter remained ‘interim’ and was only introduced in later reviews of structure and local plans. The West Midlands Green Belt covers approximately 900 square miles and extends between 6 and 15 miles from the built edge of the conurbation, surrounding and abutting a number of towns and cities: Kidderminster, Bromsgrove, Redditch, Cannock, Coventry, Lichfield, Tamworth, Rugby, Stratford upon Avon, Warwick/Leamington, Bridgnorth and Telford (Figure 24).
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