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Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012
Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012 Jennifer E. Manning Information Research Specialist Colleen J. Shogan Deputy Director and Senior Specialist November 26, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL30261 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012 Summary Ninety-four women currently serve in the 112th Congress: 77 in the House (53 Democrats and 24 Republicans) and 17 in the Senate (12 Democrats and 5 Republicans). Ninety-two women were initially sworn in to the 112th Congress, two women Democratic House Members have since resigned, and four others have been elected. This number (94) is lower than the record number of 95 women who were initially elected to the 111th Congress. The first woman elected to Congress was Representative Jeannette Rankin (R-MT, 1917-1919, 1941-1943). The first woman to serve in the Senate was Rebecca Latimer Felton (D-GA). She was appointed in 1922 and served for only one day. A total of 278 women have served in Congress, 178 Democrats and 100 Republicans. Of these women, 239 (153 Democrats, 86 Republicans) have served only in the House of Representatives; 31 (19 Democrats, 12 Republicans) have served only in the Senate; and 8 (6 Democrats, 2 Republicans) have served in both houses. These figures include one non-voting Delegate each from Guam, Hawaii, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Currently serving Senator Barbara Mikulski (D-MD) holds the record for length of service by a woman in Congress with 35 years (10 of which were spent in the House). -
No. 19-5331 in the UNITED STATES COURT of APPEALS for the DISTRICT of COLUMBIA C
USCA Case #19-5331 Document #1871493 Filed: 11/16/2020 Page 1 of 87 [ORAL ARGUMENT SCHEDULED FOR FEBRUARY 23, 2021] No. 19-5331 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY OF THE UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DONALD F. MCGAHN, II, Defendant-Appellant. On Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Columbia EN BANC BRIEF FOR APPELLANT JEFFREY BOSSERT CLARK Acting Assistant Attorney General SOPAN JOSHI Senior Counsel to the Assistant Attorney General MARK R. FREEMAN MICHAEL S. RAAB COURTNEY L. DIXON DENNIS FAN Attorneys, Appellate Staff Civil Division, Room 7243 U.S. Department of Justice 950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20530 (202) 353-8189 USCA Case #19-5331 Document #1871493 Filed: 11/16/2020 Page 2 of 87 CERTIFICATE AS TO PARTIES, RULINGS, AND RELATED CASES Pursuant to D.C. Circuit Rule 28(a)(1), the undersigned counsel certifies: A. Parties and Amici The defendant-appellant is Donald F. McGahn, II. The plaintiff-appellee is the Committee on the Judiciary of the United States House of Representatives. Amici curiae in this Court are: Republican legal experts, former government officials, and former members of Congress (Steve Bartlett, Jack Buechner, Tom Coleman, George Conway III, Mickey Edwards, Stuart Gerson, Gordon Humphrey, Bob Inglis, James Kolbe, Steven Kuykendall, Jim Leach, Mike Parker, Thomas Petri, Trevor Potter, Reid Ribble, Jonathan Rose, Paul Rosenzweig, Peter Smith, J.W. Verret, Dick Zimmer); James Murray; former members of Congress and former Executive Branch officials (Thomas Andrews, William Baer, Brian Baird, Michael Barnes, John Barrow, Douglas Bereuter, Howard Berman, Rick Boucher, Barbara Boxer, Bruce Braley, Carol Mosley Braun, Roland Burria, Lois Cappa, Jean Carnahan, Robert Carr, Rod Chandler, Linda Chavez, Bill Cohen, James Cole, Jerry Costello, Mark S. -
Union Calendar No. 481 104Th Congress, 2D Session – – – – – – – – – – – – House Report 104–879
1 Union Calendar No. 481 104th Congress, 2d Session ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± House Report 104±879 REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DURING THE ONE HUNDRED FOURTH CONGRESS PURSUANT TO CLAUSE 1(d) RULE XI OF THE RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES JANUARY 2, 1997.ÐCommitted to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 36±501 WASHINGTON : 1997 COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FOURTH CONGRESS HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois, Chairman 1 CARLOS J. MOORHEAD, California JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Colorado Wisconsin BARNEY FRANK, Massachusetts BILL MCCOLLUM, Florida CHARLES E. SCHUMER, New York GEORGE W. GEKAS, Pennsylvania HOWARD L. BERMAN, California HOWARD COBLE, North Carolina RICH BOUCHER, Virginia LAMAR SMITH, Texas JOHN BRYANT, Texas STEVEN SCHIFF, New Mexico JACK REED, Rhode Island ELTON GALLEGLY, California JERROLD NADLER, New York CHARLES T. CANADY, Florida ROBERT C. SCOTT, Virginia BOB INGLIS, South Carolina MELVIN L. WATT, North Carolina BOB GOODLATTE, Virginia XAVIER BECERRA, California STEPHEN E. BUYER, Indiana JOSEÂ E. SERRANO, New York 2 MARTIN R. HOKE, Ohio ZOE LOFGREN, California SONNY BONO, California SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas FRED HEINEMAN, North Carolina MAXINE WATERS, California 3 ED BRYANT, Tennessee STEVE CHABOT, Ohio MICHAEL PATRICK FLANAGAN, Illinois BOB BARR, Georgia ALAN F. COFFEY, JR., General Counsel/Staff Director JULIAN EPSTEIN, Minority Staff Director 1 Henry J. Hyde, Illinois, elected to the Committee as Chairman pursuant to House Resolution 11, approved by the House January 5 (legislative day of January 4), 1995. -
Appendix File Anes 1988‐1992 Merged Senate File
Version 03 Codebook ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ CODEBOOK APPENDIX FILE ANES 1988‐1992 MERGED SENATE FILE USER NOTE: Much of his file has been converted to electronic format via OCR scanning. As a result, the user is advised that some errors in character recognition may have resulted within the text. MASTER CODES: The following master codes follow in this order: PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE CAMPAIGN ISSUES MASTER CODES CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP CODE ELECTIVE OFFICE CODE RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE MASTER CODE SENATOR NAMES CODES CAMPAIGN MANAGERS AND POLLSTERS CAMPAIGN CONTENT CODES HOUSE CANDIDATES CANDIDATE CODES >> VII. MASTER CODES ‐ Survey Variables >> VII.A. Party/Candidate ('Likes/Dislikes') ? PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PEOPLE WITHIN PARTY 0001 Johnson 0002 Kennedy, John; JFK 0003 Kennedy, Robert; RFK 0004 Kennedy, Edward; "Ted" 0005 Kennedy, NA which 0006 Truman 0007 Roosevelt; "FDR" 0008 McGovern 0009 Carter 0010 Mondale 0011 McCarthy, Eugene 0012 Humphrey 0013 Muskie 0014 Dukakis, Michael 0015 Wallace 0016 Jackson, Jesse 0017 Clinton, Bill 0031 Eisenhower; Ike 0032 Nixon 0034 Rockefeller 0035 Reagan 0036 Ford 0037 Bush 0038 Connally 0039 Kissinger 0040 McCarthy, Joseph 0041 Buchanan, Pat 0051 Other national party figures (Senators, Congressman, etc.) 0052 Local party figures (city, state, etc.) 0053 Good/Young/Experienced leaders; like whole ticket 0054 Bad/Old/Inexperienced leaders; dislike whole ticket 0055 Reference to vice‐presidential candidate ? Make 0097 Other people within party reasons Card PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PARTY CHARACTERISTICS 0101 Traditional Democratic voter: always been a Democrat; just a Democrat; never been a Republican; just couldn't vote Republican 0102 Traditional Republican voter: always been a Republican; just a Republican; never been a Democrat; just couldn't vote Democratic 0111 Positive, personal, affective terms applied to party‐‐good/nice people; patriotic; etc. -
THE SHERIFFS STAR VOL 36, NO 1, FEB-MAR 1992.Pdf
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ II ~ I ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ Reapportioning Florida By Maury Kalchakian General Counsel Florida Sheriffs Association After each decennial (ev- ery ten years) census, Florida CONTENTS is required to reapportion its state legislative and U.S.Con- gressional districts. The legis- MauryMau KolchaKolchakian lature is currently in the throes of this procedure, and, Florida SherdS Association Page practically speaking, the job must be completed prior to the (Micers. ...........,...........,.........................................2 1992 general elections. Board ofDirectors .......................... .... Reapportionment is the process of re-dividing a given . .. ..............3 number ofseats (40 in the State Senate, 120in the House) FLORIDA'S GOVKKGKNT among units ofgovernment or geographic districts. This is Stttte Government Chart ...................,..........,......4 usually done according to an established plan or formula. Executive Branch ......„,........ ,......... .,...... .-. ... 6 The number of state legislative districts will not in- . .. .. .. crease. However, some areas ofthe state are growing faster Directory of State Agencies ...„......,...........,.......11 than others, and therefore the district boundary lines will Legislative Branch ...„...........,...........,..........,....14 have to be changed to give all Florida residents equal Judicial Branch ..........,..........„.....,.....................21 representation. Florida's The 1990 census gave Florida a population of 12.94 U,S. Senators million, a hefty increase -
The Long Red Thread How Democratic Dominance Gave Way to Republican Advantage in Us House of Representatives Elections, 1964
THE LONG RED THREAD HOW DEMOCRATIC DOMINANCE GAVE WAY TO REPUBLICAN ADVANTAGE IN U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ELECTIONS, 1964-2018 by Kyle Kondik A thesis submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Baltimore, Maryland September 2019 © 2019 Kyle Kondik All Rights Reserved Abstract This history of U.S. House elections from 1964-2018 examines how Democratic dominance in the House prior to 1994 gave way to a Republican advantage in the years following the GOP takeover. Nationalization, partisan realignment, and the reapportionment and redistricting of House seats all contributed to a House where Republicans do not necessarily always dominate, but in which they have had an edge more often than not. This work explores each House election cycle in the time period covered and also surveys academic and journalistic literature to identify key trends and takeaways from more than a half-century of U.S. House election results in the one person, one vote era. Advisor: Dorothea Wolfson Readers: Douglas Harris, Matt Laslo ii Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………....ii List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………..iv List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………..v Introduction: From Dark Blue to Light Red………………………………………………1 Data, Definitions, and Methodology………………………………………………………9 Chapter One: The Partisan Consequences of the Reapportionment Revolution in the United States House of Representatives, 1964-1974…………………………...…12 Chapter 2: The Roots of the Republican Revolution: -
The Rise and Impact of Fact-Checking in U.S. Campaigns by Amanda Wintersieck a Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment O
The Rise and Impact of Fact-Checking in U.S. Campaigns by Amanda Wintersieck A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved April 2015 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Kim Fridkin, Chair Mark Ramirez Patrick Kenney ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY May 2015 ABSTRACT Do fact-checks influence individuals' attitudes and evaluations of political candidates and campaign messages? This dissertation examines the influence of fact- checks on citizens' evaluations of political candidates. Using an original content analysis, I determine who conducts fact-checks of candidates for political office, who is being fact- checked, and how fact-checkers rate political candidates' level of truthfulness. Additionally, I employ three experiments to evaluate the impact of fact-checks source and message cues on voters' evaluations of candidates for political office. i DEDICATION To My Husband, Aza ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many individuals who helped me with this dissertation and throughout my graduate career. First, I would like to thank all the members of my committee, Professors Kim L. Fridkin, Patrick Kenney, and Mark D. Ramirez. I am especially grateful to my mentor and committee chair, Dr. Kim L. Fridkin. Your help and encouragement were invaluable during every stage of this dissertation and my graduate career. I would also like to thank my other committee members and mentors, Patrick Kenney and Mark D. Ramirez. Your academic and professional advice has significantly improved my abilities as a scholar. I am grateful to husband, Aza, for his tireless support and love throughout this project. -
Yes No Yes No
A BEAVER TWP B C OFFICIAL REPUBLICAN BALLOT COLUMBIA COUNTY GENERAL PRIMARY ELECTION 11 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA APRIL 26, 2016 12 BEAVER TWP To vote, darken the oval R beside the candidate of your choice. To write in a candidate not on the ballot, darken the oval next to the write-in line and write in the candidate of your choice. FEDERAL OFFICES STATE OFFICES FEDERAL OFFICES PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED SENATOR IN THE ALTERNATE DELEGATE TO THE STATES GENERAL ASSEMBLY REPUBLICAN NATIONAL Four Year Term 27TH SENATORIAL DISTRICT CONVENTION 21 (Vote for One) Four Year Term 11TH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT (Vote for One) (Vote for Not More Than Three) TED CRUZ JOHN R. GORDNER COLUMBIA COUNTY MARCO RUBIO Write-in MARIA HASTE JEB BUSH REPRESENTATIVE IN THE DONALD J. ELY GENERAL ASSEMBLY 109TH LEGISLATIVE DISTRICT BEN CARSON Two Year Term Write-in (Vote for One) JOHN R. KASICH DAVID MILLARD Write-in COLUMBIA COUNTY DONALD J. TRUMP Write-in Write-in Write-in FEDERAL OFFICES PROPOSED CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT 1 UNITED STATES SENATOR DELEGATE TO THE REPUBLICAN AMENDING THE MANDATORY Six Year Term NATIONAL CONVENTION JUDICIAL RETIREMENT AGE (Vote for One) 11TH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT 40 (Vote for Not More Than Three) Shall the Pennsylvania Constitution be amended to 41 PAT TOOMEY DAN MOSEL require that justices of the LEHIGH COUNTY Supreme Court, judges and justices of the peace (known as 42 PHILIP G. BEAR Write-in magisterial district judges) be retired on the last day of the 43 STATE OFFICES RICHARD P. ADAMS calendar year in which they attain the age of 75 years, instead of ATTORNEY GENERAL RICK MORELLI the current requirement that they Four Year Term be retired on the last day of the (Vote for One) calendar year in which they attain LOWMAN HENRY the age of 70? JOE PETERS SUSAN C. -
Setting Course: a Congressional Management Guide
SETTING COURSE SETTING “The best thing a new Member and his or her staff can do is to sit down and read Setting Course cover to cover. It’s a book that has stood the test of time.” —House Chief of Staff SETTING “Setting Course is written as if you were having a conversation with someone who has been on Capitol Hill for 50 years and knows how things work.” —Senate Office Manager COURSE SETTING COURSE, now in its 17th edition for the 117th Congress, is a comprehensive guide to managing a congressional office. Part I is for Members-elect and freshman offices, focusing on the tasks that are most critical to a successful transition to Congress and setting up a new office. Part II focuses on defining the Member’s role — in the office and in Congress. Part III provides guidance to both freshman and veteran Members and staff on managing office operations. Setting Course is the signature publication of the Congressional Management Foundation MANAGEMENT GUIDE CONGRESSIONAL A and has been funded by grants from: Deborah Szekely A CONGRESSIONAL MANAGEMENT GUIDE THE CONGRESSIONAL MANAGEMENT FOUNDATION (CMF) is a 501(c)(3) nonpartisan nonprofit whose mission is to build EDITION FOR THE trust and effectiveness in Congress. We do this by enhancing the 117th performance of the institution, legislators and their staffs through CONGRESS research-based education and training, and by strengthening the CONGRESS bridge between Congress and the People it serves. Since 1977 CMF 117th has worked internally with Member, committee, leadership, and institutional offices in the House and Senate to identify and disseminate best practices for management, workplace environment, SPONSORED BY communications, and constituent services. -
Distribution Listlist - New Information
12.012.0 DistributionDistribution ListList - New Information - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) pro- vided copies of this Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to Federal, state, and local elected and appointed officials and agencies of government; Native American groups; national, state, and local environmental and public interest groups; and other organizations and individuals list- ed below. In addition, DOE sent copies of the Final EIS to all persons who comment- ed on the Idaho High-Level Waste and Facilities Disposition Draft Environmental Impact Statement; these individuals are list- ed in the Index (Alphabetical List of Commentors by Name) in Chapter 11 of this Final EIS. Other groups that received copies of the Final EIS but are not listed below are internal Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and DOE employees, media representa- tives, and EIS project staff, as well as DOE reading rooms, which appear in Section 8 of the Final EIS Summary. 12-1 DOE/EIS-0287 Distribution List - New Information - In preparation for distribution of the Final EIS, The Honorable Ron Wyden DOE mailed postcards to EIS stakeholders, United States Senate (Oregon) inviting them to request copies of the document in various formats. DOE also issued press The Honorable Robert F. Bennett releases to Idaho media outlets, announcing the United States Senate (Utah) upcoming publication of the Final EIS and describing the document request process. DOE The Honorable Orrin Hatch will provide copies to other interested organiza- United -
106Th Congpicdir New York
NEW YORK Sen. Daniel P. Moynihan Sen. Charles E. Schumer of Oneonta of Brooklyn Democrat—Jan. 3, 1977 Democrat—Jan. 6, 1999 Michael Forbes Rick A. Lazio of Quogue (1st District) of Brightwaters (2d District) Republican—3d term Republican—4th term 90 NEW YORK Peter T. King Carolyn McCarthy of Seaford (3d District) of Mineola (4th District) Republican—4th term Democrat—2d term Gary L. Ackerman Gregory Meeks of Queens (5th District) of Far Rockaway (6th District) Democrat—9th term Democrat—1st term 91 NEW YORK Joseph Crowley Jerrold Nadler of Queens (7th District) of New York City (8th District) Democrat—1st term Democrat—5th term Anthony Weiner Edolphus Towns of Brooklyn (9th District) of Brooklyn (10th District) Democrat—1st term Democrat—9th term 92 NEW YORK Major R. Owens Nydia M. Velázquez of Brooklyn (11th District) of Brooklyn (12th District) Democrat—9th term Democrat—4th term Vito Fossella Carolyn B. Maloney of Staten Island (13th District) of New York City (14th District) Republican—1st term Democrat—4th term 93 NEW YORK Charles B. Rangel José E. Serrano of New York City (15th District) of Bronx (16th District) Democrat—15th term Democrat—6th term Eliot L. Engel Nita M. Lowey of Bronx (17th District) of Harrison (18th District) Democrat—6th term Democrat—6th term 94 NEW YORK Sue Kelly Benjamin A. Gilman of Katonah (19th District) of Middletown (20th District) Republican—3d term Republican—14th term Michael R. McNulty John Sweeney of Green Island (21st District) of Schaghticoke (22d District) Democrat—6th term Republican—1st term 95 NEW YORK Sherwood L. -
Businesses Brace for Energy Cost Increases
newsJUNE 2011 We all influence the health of those around us, especially in the work place. As an employer, you have a tremendous effect on employee health by the examples you set and the health care plans you choose. As a Kentucky Chamber Businesses member, you’re connected to big savings on big benefits for your small business. Help employees get more involved in their health care with consumer-driven HSA, HRA and HIA plans, or choose from more traditional solutions. Either way, brace for you can build a complete benefits package – including preventive care and prescription coverage – with one-stop shopping convenience. energy cost Talk to your broker, call the Kentucky Chamber at 800-431-6833 or visit increases group.anthem.com/kcoc for more information. PAGE 1 Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield is the trade name of Anthem Health Plans of Kentucky, Inc. Life and Disability products underwritten by Anthem Life Insurance Company. Independent licensees of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association. ® ANTHEM is a registered trademark of Anthem Insurance Companies, Inc. The Blue Cross and Blue Shield names and symbols are registered marks of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association. 19075KYAENABS 1/11 JUNE 2011 Business Summit and Annual Meeting Businesses Morning Joe hosts brace for to share their views energy cost at Annual Meeting ONE OF CABLE television’s highest rated morning increases talk shows, MSNBC’s Morning Joe, is not just a NEW DATA from Kentucky’s regulated news source — it’s also been, at times, a newsmak- electric utility companies shows that the er.