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Christian Beliefs and Teachings

• Key beliefs • The nature of : – God as omnipotent, loving and just, and the problem of and suffering – the oneness of God and the : Father, Son and Holy . • Different Christian beliefs about creation including the role of Word and Spirit (:1-3 and Genesis 1:1-3). • Different Christian beliefs about the afterlife and their importance, including: resurrection and life after death; judgement, and hell. • and

• Beliefs and teachings about: – the incarnation and Jesus as the – the crucifixion, resurrection and ascension – sin, including – the means of salvation, including law, and Spirit – the role of Christ in salvation including the idea of atonement.

Teaching Source of Authority Specification In the beginning was the Word, and the John 1:1–3 Prescribed Word was with God, and the Word was God. 3.1.2.1 Beliefs – Key beliefs He was with God in the beginning. Through him (page 13) all things were made; without him nothing was Themes – Religion and life made that has been made. In the beginning God created the and Genesis 1:1–3. Prescribed the earth. Now the earth was formless and 3.1.2.1 Beliefs – Key beliefs (page 13) empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over Themes – Religion and life the waters. And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. your God, who brought you Exodus 20:2-3 Beliefs – Key beliefs out of , out of the land of slavery. You shall have no others before me. Nothing is impossible with God. :37 Beliefs – Key beliefs

God so loved the world that He gave His :16 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation one and only son, that whoever in Themes – Religion and life Him shall not perish but have eternal life. He ascended into heaven, and is seated at The Apostle’s Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation the right had of the Father, and He will Practices – and festivals come to judge the living and the dead: I Themes – Religion and life believe in…….. The resurrection of the body;And the life everlasting The Word became and made His John 1:14 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation dwelling among us. When Jesus was baptised, a voice from :11 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation Heaven said ‘You are my Son’. Practices – Worship and festivals

I am the way and the and the life. :6 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation No one comes to the Father except through Themes – Religion and life me. For since death came through a man, the :21 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation resurrection of the dead, also comes Themes – Religion and life through a man. For as in all die, so in Christ all will be made alive. On the third day he rose again in Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation with the Scriptures Practices – Worship and festivals Themes – Religion and life But when they looked up, they saw that the :4-5 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation stone, which was very large, had been rolled away. As they entered the tomb, they saw a young man dressed in a robe sitting on the right side, and they were alarmed. “For the wages of sin is death, but the :23 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus Themes – Religion and life our Lord ” Teaching Source of Authority Specification My home is in Heaven. I'm just traveling Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation through this world. Themes – Religion and life

For it is by grace you have been saved, :8-9 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation through —and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God— not by works, so that no one can boast. Here is the conclusion of the matter. 12:13 Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation Fear God and keep His commandments, for this is the whole duty of man. Oh, how I your law! Psalm 119:97-98 Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation I meditate on it all day long. Practices – The role of the Your commands are always with me and make me wiser than my enemies. Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your The Lord’s (:9-13) Beliefs – Key beliefs Practices – Worship and festivals …. ‘Rejoice, heavenly powers! Sing, choirs of Practices – Worship and ! liturgy (Easter festivals O Universe, around God’s throne! Song of Praise) Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation Jesus Christ, our King, is risen!....’ For I was hungry and you gave me :35-36 (The of the Practices – The role of the church something to eat….I was in prison and you Sheep and the ) Themes – religion, human rights and social came to visit me Beliefs – Key beliefs; Jesus Christ and salvation I see clearly that the thing the church Francis Practices – The role of the church needs most today is the ability to heal Themes – religion, human rights and social justice wounds and to warm the hearts of the Beliefs – Key beliefs faithful; it needs nearness, proximity. I see the church as a field hospital after battle.….The most important thing is the first proclamation: Jesus Christ has saved you. Let us make mankind in our image, in our Genesis 1:27 Themes – Religion and life Themes – Relationships and families likeness Themes – religion, human rights and social justice Beliefs – Key beliefs God blessed them and said to them, “Be Genesis 1:28 Themes – Religion and life Beliefs – Key beliefs fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish in the and the birds in the sky and over every living creature that moves on the ground.” The earth is the Lord’s, and everything in Psalm 24:1 Themes – Religion and life it Beliefs – Key beliefs The How to use this to make it stick! 1. Read through the information • is the Christian text 2. Highlight the key information The • The Bible is divided into 2 parts - the old and new testaments 3. Create a revision aid on it (flash card, mind map, acronym, • The contain 39 books that are the Jewish Scriptures cheat sheet etc) nature of • The is an account of Jesus’ life 4. Test yourself on the revision aid (cover up and say it out loud > cover up and write it out) God & the 5. Practice the past paper questions (without the revision aid) Different Traditions of 6. Review your answers with your revision aid (add anything you Trinity missed out) and rate your progress Roman • Respect the authority of the Bible and the Pope and his teachings Catholics • The seven (the , ) are important to their faith The Definition Sacred Why it is important Protestants • Base their beliefs on the Bible, rather than the teachings of the Pope Qualities of writing/scripture/ for God teaching Orthodox • Mainly found in Eastern Europe, Russia and Greece. Just • God judges • The story of the • Believing in • They have seven sacraments, and honour icons (pictures of ) people’s actions sheep and goats judgement day and fairly. (Matthew 25:31-46). that God is just Part of the Description Sacred Why it is important for • Those who reject • The story of the helps Christians Trinity writing/scripture/ Christians him and live sinful prodigal son (Luke believe suffering teaching lives will be 15:11-32) shows God and terrible The Father • This is the God in • Be perfect, therefore, • Christians should show punished. will forgive anyone behaviour will be the Old Testament as perfect as your respect for God. • God will forgive who returns to his addressed and – he created the heavenly Father is people who are ways made fair. Heaven and Earth perfect (Matthew) sorry for what • As God is just he and sustains them, they have done and expects believers become faithful to to behave justly ‘do The Son • Jesus the • The Word [Jesus] was • Jesus provides a model him to others what you incarnation of God made flesh, and dwelt for Christian behaviour would have them do in human form. among us, and we in obedience to God the to you’ beheld his glory. Father. Omnipotent • God is all-powerful, • The story of • Gives a source for all though he allow creation confidence. He can The Holy • The source of • I will ask the Father, • Christians feel the each person free demonstrates God’s handle any problem. Spirit strength which and he will give you guides them will. power. He has the power Christians find at another advocate to personally in being good • Story of Jesus and to help you!. work in their help you for ever – the Christians his disciples on Lake • Christians realise hearts. Spirit of the truth in a boat – that without His • The presence of (John) there was a sudden almighty power, God in the world – . Jesus said humans can do guides Christians. ‘Quiet! Be still!’ and nothing. immediately the storm ended – this Test yourself illustrates God’s 1. Which one of the following is the idea that God is three-in-one? (1 mark) power (Jesus = God A) Atonement B) Incarnation C) Salvation D) Trinity in human form) 2. Give two qualities which Christians believe describe the nature of God (2 marks) 3. Explain two ways in which the that God is just influences Christians today (4 marks) 4. Explain two teachings about the Trinity. Refer to scripture/sacred writings in your answer (5 Loving • God is loving and • Jesus’ death shows • The teaching of marks) caring. the love God has for agape and ‘love thy 5. ‘For a Christian the belief that God is omnipotent is the most important’ mankind ‘for God so neighbour’ and they Evaluate this statement (12 marks) loved the world that should be loving He gave His only Son’ towards one Based on my revisions and testing I need to focus on: another. Genesis Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important Creation, Sin & Salvation scripture/ teaching for Christians/ how it influences Sin How God • Genesis 1 says that • In the beginning God • Christians believe created God created everything. created the heaven God is the • Sin is any action or thought that separates humans from God – it the • The process took 6 days and and the earth, And the creator of the Universe goes against God’s laws and wishes or the principles of on the 7th God rested. earth was without universe. • Day 1 – light and darkness form, and void; and • The universe God requires his people to follow • Day 2 – God made the sky darkness was upon the doesn’t exist by • Day 3 = oceans and land. face of the deep. And chance; therefore • Day 4 = , moon and stars the Spirit of God everything has Concept Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for • Day 5 = The creatures of moved upon the face meaning and scripture/ Christians/ how it the earth and sky (fish and of the waters. ‘And purpose. teaching influences birds) God said “Let there be • Day 6 = land animals and light” and there was Original • The idea that everyone • ‘just as sin came • Humans are tempted people light. Sin is born with an inbuilt into the world to do things that urge to do bad things through one displease God, as it is How God • The first two humans were • So God created • Christians believe and to obey God man, and death difficult to resist created Adam and and they lived mankind in his own they are special • Adam and Eve sinned through sin’ some argue its origins Humans in the Garden of Eden. image, in the image of because they are against God by are with who is • Adam was created first (in God he created them; created in his breaking an instruction constantly trying to God’s image). male and female he image. from God – they ate tempt humans. • Adam was lonely so God created them. • Humans should the fruit from the • God gave humans free created Eve. • The Lord God formed a behave like God tree of knowledge of will – if people use man from the dust of by being loving . their free will to the ground…..made a and fair. • Once they had they make choices God woman from the rib he • Humans have became aware of sin by would not approve of, had taken out of the dominion (power) their own sinful action. these will be sinful man over his creation • This resulted in a and separate them • God told Adam to ‘rule and can use it how separation from God from God. P over the fish in the they like; however and death. • The Ten sea and the birds in some think commandments and the sky’ Christians have Christian teachings stewardship and guide Christians to should care for use their free will earth. wisely. How it is • Some Christians take the creation story literally (creationists) . They believe the Salvation • The saving of the • ‘For it is by • Christians believe interpre process took 6 days and humans descend from Adam and Eve. from sin and entering grace you have that they receive ted? • Other Christians are more liberal and they view the story as a symbolic symbol – Heaven – brought been saved, God’s grace through they acknowledge God as the creator but open to other theories. about by the sacrificial through faith— the presence of the death of Jesus. and this is not Holy Spirits. • Salvation through good from yourselves, • Jesus’ death made Test yourself works – the Old it is the gift of of sins Testament makes it God’ and reconciliation 1.Which one of the following is the book in the Bible in which the story of Creation can be clear that a person possible. found? A) Exodus B) Genesis C) D) (1 mark) achieves salvation by 2.Give two beliefs about creation (2 marks) having faith in God and 3. Explain two ways in which the belief in salvation influences Christians today (4 marks) obeying God’s laws 4. Explain two Christian teachings about the means of salvation. Refer to scripture or sacred • Salvation through writings in your answer. (5 marks) grace – salvation is 5. ‘The Bible tells Christians all they need to know about God's creation.’ given to God through Evaluate this statement (12 marks) faith in Jesus. Based on my revisions and testing I need to focus on:

Problem of evil and suffering

Evil Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for scripture/ teaching for Christians/ how scripture/ teaching Christians/ how it it influences influences

Free • Christianity teaches the • You, my • The 10 will evil entered the world as a and sisters, were commandments Suffering • Suffering is a • Count it all joy, • Christians must result of Adam and Eve called to be free. help Christian use punishment for my brothers, accept that suffering giving into the temptation But do not use your their free will for wrongdoing. Everyone when you meet happens. They believe in the Garden of Eden. freedom to indulge good. does things wrong trials of various the experience of God This switch from a the flesh ; rather, and so everyone kinds, for you in other areas of their perfect world to one serve one another might deserve to be know that the lives. So when they containing evil is known as humbly in love punished. testing of your experience suffering The Fall. • Suffering is a test faith produces that seems excessive • After the Fall, every of faith in God. steadfastness. or pointless, they are human being is born with a Human beings should • we rejoice in our prepared to accept flawed nature, capable of view suffering as a sufferings, what they cannot causing suffering - the test which they must knowing that understand. They are idea of original sin. try to get through. suffering prepared to trust in • Christians believe God If they do, the produces God's goodness and created humans with free reward from God will endurance, and love with them. will - it is up to them to be great. endurance Humans cannot choose whether they • Suffering is a form produces understand God and perform evil deeds or not, of education for our character, and his purposes, so just as it was up to Adam . By suffering, character suffering must be and Eve whether to give we grow spiritually produces hope accepted. into temptation or not. and also we learn to • Christians must not take responsibility question why God and help others. allows suffering, but The • Some Christians believe in • The serpent said to • Christians must • Suffering is needed rather to look at how the existence of an evil the woman, "You follow God and as a balance - to they can respond Force, which they called surely will not die! Jesus’ example to appreciate good, we positively to the devil. This force tries "For God knows that overcome evil. have to be able to suffering. Suffering to tempt human beings in the day you eat recognise evil. It is becomes a trigger for into behaving badly and from it your eyes impossible to have action, for showing disobeying God. So evil will be opened, and one without the the love of Jesus to perpetrated by them is you will be like God, other. their fellow humans. the result of The Devil's knowing good and

work. evil."

Test yourself 1. What is a reason for evil? A) suffering B) Good C) free will D) God (1 mark) 2. Give two sources of evil in the world. (2 marks) 3. Explain two teachings about suffering (4 marks) 4. Explain two Christian teachings about evil and suffering. Refer to scripture/sacred writing in your answer (5 marks) 5. If God was all loving there would be no suffering in the word. Evaluate this statement (12 marks)

Based on my revisions and testing I need to focus on:

Jesus’s Role in Salvation & Salvation through law, Salvation Description Sacred writing/ scripture/ Why it is important for teaching Christians/ how it grace and the spirit influences

Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for Law • Some Christians believe • , keep my • The correct scripture/ Christians/ how it that in order to be commandments…If ye relationship with God teaching influences accepted by God they keep my has to be earned and have to obey the law, this commandments, ye shall Christians claim Jesus as • Christians believe • For the • Salvation is offered means following all the abide in my love; even salvation depends on the that Jesus is wages of sin through the life and commandments in the as I have kept my keeping to all the rules saviour death makes up is death, but Teachings of Jesus. scriptures and as Father’s that he put in place. for the original the gift of By following his interpreted by the commandments, and sin. God is teachings from the religious leaders. abide in his love • The crucifixion eternal Life Bible Christians will was the result of in Christ be saved from human evil set Jesus our original sin. against an innocent Lord. • Three Jesus's death man. • But since and Resurrection, Grace and • Grace refers to the • For it is by grace you • Christians believe they • As the son of God death came humans can receive Spirit unconditional love that have been saved, continue to receive he could have through a forgiveness for sin, God shows to everyone, through faith—and this God's grace to the easily avoided man, the and are able to get even when it seems is not from yourselves, presents in the hearts being crucified. Resurrection close to God and undeserved. God it is the gift of God— of the holy spirit which However he knew of the Dead receive eternal life. humans despite what we not by works, so that no enables them to try that his death was also comes • This is why God came do or do not do. one can boast. and show love as Jesus necessary to through a to Earth in the form • Stupid strong Christians did. restore the man. For as of Jesus and it believe this love of God relationship in Adam all demonstrates the was shown in his offer of between God and die, so in importance of Salvation as a free gift to mankind, to be the Christ, all following his all who believe that Jesus Salvation for all will be made teaching. is the son of God. people. alive. • This was made possible • Jesus's through the atoning death . Jesus's actions shows to make forgiveness for the Christians that sins of the world and death has been reconciliation possible. defeated and that the goodness of Jesus defeated the evil of Sin. Test yourself Atonemen • Atonement • He is the • God is Holy and does t removes the atoning not overlook sin and 1. What is meant by atonement? A) to make amend for sin B) to forgive C) to say sorry D) to put to death Restoring effects of Sin and sacrifice for the penalty of sin (1 mark) the allows people to our sins, and must be paid. 2. Explain two reasons why Jesus had to die (2 marks) relationsh restore their not only for However, Jesus took 3. Explain two ways in which believing Jesus was the saviour influences Christians today (4 marks) ip relationship with our sins but the sins and 4. Explain two Christian beliefs about Jesus's role in salvation. Refer to scripture/sacred writing (5 between God. also for the suffered the penalty marks) people • This is possible sins of the for All Mankind. 5. Believing in Jesus is the best way for Christians to atone for their sins. Evaluate this statement (12 and God because Jesus whole world. Jesus Paid the debt marks) through atoned for the of sin on behalf of the life, sins of Mankind those who believe Based on my revisions and testing I need to focus on: death and when he died. and put their trust in Resurrect him. of Jesus. Crucifixion Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for Incarnation, Crucifixion and Resurrection of scripture/ teaching Christians/ how it Jesus influences The • Jesus was sentenced • When Jesus was • Christians believe this Concept Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for execution to death by Pontius tried before the shows that Jesus scripture/ Christians/ how it and death Pilate, the Roman Roman governor understands how people teaching influences of Jesus Governor, and his he offered to can feel abandoned in on Good death was to be by release him but their suffering. The The act by which • • He…was • Christians see Jesus’ Friday crucifixion. the crowed said • The crucifixion helped incarnation God became a human incarnate from time on Earth as • Even though Christians ‘Crucify him’ to repair the being as Jesu Christ the Holy Spirit God’s way of showing believe that Jesus was • In his suffering relationship between • He was born to and the Virgin how much he loves the Son of God, it Jesus cried out God and mankind Mary. Mary and was the world. does not mean that he ‘My God, my God, (atonement) • Jesus is both divine made man • Christians study was in some way why have you (pre-existent of • The Word Jesus’ teaching to see spared the pain and forsaken me?’ God) and fully human became flesh how they should live horror of his (conceived and born and made his their own lives. crucifixion. by Mary). dwelling among • He was crucified next us to two robbers - a Jesus as • The belief that • When Jesus was • This gives clear sign was fixed on the son of Jesus was God baptised, a voice support to the belief Jesus’ cross that read God incarnate makes it from Heaven that Jesus was God ‘The King of the ’ easier for Christians said 'You are my incarnate, in the flesh to explain and accept Son' (Mark as a man. Resurrection Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for as truth some of his 1:11). • Gives his words, scripture/ teaching Christians/ how it actions whilst on • Again the high deeds and promises influences earth, including asked great authority and his him, 'Are you because they are the Rising from • Jesus was placed in a • The women went • It is the ultimate proof resurrection. the Christ, the word of God, the dead on tomb late on Friday to the tome and that Jesus is the son of • Christians refer to Son of the delivered by a man Easter day. afternoon. We know was it was empty. God - so gives authority Jesus as the Christ - Blessed One?’ l who was fully God as this because it states The man said ‘he to his teaching and which means am; said Jesus. well as fully human. that Shabbat was due is not here’. example and gives them 'anointed one', to begin and Jews stronger reason to • Christians believe keep Shabbat at follow his teaching. that Jesus is the sunset every Friday. • Creates faith that good , but a There was no time to can triumph over evil, so spiritual one rather anoint his body and helps Christians face than a political one. bury him properly, so and he was laid in the suffering. Test yourself cave-like tomb. • Gives Christians faith 1. What does incarnation mean? A) coming to life B) embodiment of God C) Jesus D) • On the Sunday Jesus's that they will be raised from God (1 mark) body was nowhere to from the dead, by 2. Give two reasons why the disciples believed Jesus was alive after his resurrection. (2 be found. The women proving that it is marks) who had come to see possible, helps them 3. Explain two ways in which belief in the resurrection of Jesus influences Christians him, they were met by overcome fear of today (4 marks) a man who told them death, 4. Explain two Christian teachings about the crucifixion. Refer to scripture/sacred that Jesus has risen writing in your answer (5 marks) from the dead and he 5. The resurrection is the most important belief in Christianity. should pass the words Evaluate this statement (12 marks) on to his followers. For Christians, this is Based on my revisions and testing I need to focus on: significant evidence of the Divine nature Jesus. Ascension Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for The ascension, afterlife and judgement scripture/ Christians/ how it teaching influences Judgement Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for • The event, 40 days after • While he was • As Jesus was human scripture/ teaching Christians/ how it the Resurrection, when them, and went to be with influences Jesus returned to God in he left them God, the ascension heaven. and was taken shows that there is a The day of • Some Christians • The story of the • The story of the sheep • The ascension shows that up into heaven. place for all humans judgement believe after life sheep and the and the goats gives Jesus is with God. It paved with God. is a time begins upon death; goats state the Christians an idea of the way for the coming of • It shows the power of when the we're as some others Shepherd will the criteria that God the holy spirit to provide Jesus. world will believe in the day of separate sheep will judge them by. It comfort and guidance. end and judgement. from the goats, is clear that's serving every soul • They believe that it he will put the other people will help will be is God who decides Sheep on the them reach heaven. judged by the Fate of those who right and the • Some Christians God and died and God will take goats on the left. believe that simply rewarded into account the life Just as God will serving others or After Life Description Sacred writing/ Why it is important for or punished. of the person and the separate people treating them well is scripture/ Christians/ how it extent to which they from one not enough do you have teaching influences have tried to get another. a good afterlife, it is Heaven • A state of eternal • We have a • As long as you believe in close to him(by • If a person is important to follow the happiness in the presence building from Jesus and followed his following the good they will go Teachings of Jesus of God. God, an eternal teachings, you can be Teachings and to heaven to be and to believe that he • Some Christians believe house in saved by God’s grace. examples of Jesus in with God. If a is the son of God. that it is only those who heaven, not • The soul can go to the Bible). person is bad believe in Jesus he will built by human heaven eve though the • Believing that Jesus they will go to enter heaven. hands. body is gone. is the son of God and hell. • Others think that heaven is following his • I am the way and reserved for Christians and teachings are the truth and other followers of important in helping the life. No one different Faith's who have Christians to enter comes to the lived a good life. heaven to be with God Father except • Others believe that through me. regardless of if you are Christian or not as long as you have lived a good life Test yourself you will enter heaven.

All Christians believe that 1. Which of the following is Jesus’ return to heaven to be with God? A) resurrection b) • God will forgive sins. C) ascension D) crucifixion 2. Give two Christian beliefs about judgement (2 marks) hell • A place of eternal • Then they will • Some see heaven and 3. Explain two ways in which believing about judgement influences Christians today (4 suffering or a place of go away to hell as states of mind. marks) being without God. eternal • They believe hell means 4. Explain two Christian teachings about judgement. Refer to scripture or sacred writings • Some believe that it is a punishment, that any connection in your answer. [5 marks] place of eternal suffering, but the with God will be 5. Christians should focus on living life here and now rather than focusing on an afterlife. terror, fire and torture righteous to severed forever. Evaluate this statement (12 marks) ruled by the devil. eternal life. • Others believe it is a state • Pope John Paul Based on my revisions and testing I need to focus on: of existence without God. II said that hell was a metaphor for people who have rejected God. Check you know your Key Words ascension The event 40 days after the Resurrection, when Jesus returned to God,in heaven atonement the reconciliation between God and humanity, by the sacrificial death of Jesus. Bible Sacred book for Christians containing both the Old and New Testaments. The tradition within the Christian Church which is led by the Pope. Christ The leader promised by God to the Jews. Christian Someone who believes in Jesus Christ and follows the religion based on his teaching church A building in which Christians worship. creation Christians believe that the world is God’s loving creation. crucifixion The execution and death of Jesus on . The opposite of good. A force that is seen in many traditions as destructive and evil against God. the Father The first Person of the Trinity, the creator and sustainer of the universe. grace The unconditional and generous love that God shows to people who do not deserve it heaven The state after death of being with and enjoying with God The place of eternal suffering or the state after death of separation from God for hell those who want no relationship with him. The third person of the Holy Trinity who descended like a dove on Jesus at his holy spirit baptism. Christians believe that the Holy Spirit is present and inspires them. Incarnation Literally 'in flesh',the idea that God took the human form as Jesus. Jesus 1st century Jewish teacher and holy man, believed by Christians to be the Son of God When God decides whether each person should receive eternal life or eternal Judgement punishment. This refers to the nature of God as one who treats each individual human being fairly just and equally. law This refers to the law of God, revealed in the Bible, which Christians are called to obe omnipotent The belief that God is ‘all powerful’. The Oneness of God The belief that God is ‘One’. The traditional belief that is still held by some Christians that is original sin basically flawed, and so humans have a tendency to go against God’s will. Orthodox The most popular in some parts of Eastern Europe. Throughout the centuries and still in some parts of the world, Christians face persecution punishment and even death for adherence to their faith. The Churches that 'protested' against and broke away from the Protestant during the . Services are generally based more closely on the Bible The process of restoring harmony after relationships between people has broken reconciliation down. The form that many Christians believe the afterlife will take, referring to either resurrection physical or spiritual bodies. The outward and visible sign of an invisible and spiritual grace. Saving the soul and deliverance from sin and admission to heaven brought about by salvation Jesus. A thought, word or action which is wrong, which people know is wrong and which sin people freely choose. the Son The second Person of the Trinity. This is Jesus, in whom God became incarnate. A used for Jesus, the second person in the Trinity; denotes the special Son of God relationship between Jesus and God. Christians believe that the Bible, religious leaders and statements of belief,should be Sources of wisdom and authority respected as conveying deep religious . suffering When people have to face and live with unpleasant events or conditions. The belief that there are three Persons in the One God. The Father, Son and Holy Trinity Spirit are separate, but are also one being. Word God creating the world through his Word and links this to Jesus in the statement

Christian Practices Worship and festivals Different forms of worship and their significance: liturgical, non-liturgical and informal, including the use of the Bible private worship.

Prayer and its significance, including the Lord’s Prayer, set and informal prayer. The role and meaning of the sacraments: the meaning of sacrament the sacrament of baptism and its significance for Christians; infant and believers' baptism; different beliefs about the sacrament of Holy Communion/Eucharist and its significance for Christians, including different ways in which it is celebrated and different interpretations of its meaning.

The role and importance of pilgrimage and celebrations including: two contrasting examples of Christian pilgrimage: Lourdes and Iona the celebrations of and Easter, including their importance for Christians in Great Britain today.

The role of the church in the local and worldwide community •The role of the Church in the local community, including food banks and street . •The place of mission, and Church growth. •The importance of the worldwide Church including: –working for reconciliation –how Christian churches respond to persecution –the work of one of the following: Catholic Agency For Overseas Development (CAFOD), Christian Aid, Tearfund.

Teaching Source of Authority Specification Prayer is simply a two-way conversation between Billy Graham Practices – Worship and festivals you and God.

I pray mentally even when I am waiting at the Practices – Worship and festivals dentist or at other times of the day

While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and :26-28 Practices – Worship and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it festivals to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation body.”

Then he took a , and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. This is my blood of the , which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins” As I raised my head to look at the grotto, I saw a St Bernadette Practices – Worship and festivals Lady dressed in white… (describing her vision of the Virgin Mary at Practices – Pilgrimage Lourdes) ‘Rejoice, heavenly powers! Sing, choirs of angels! Church of England Practices – Worship and O Universe, dance around God’s throne! Easter liturgy (Easter festivals Jesus Christ, our King, is risen!....’ Song of Praise) Beliefs – Key beliefs Beliefs – Jesus Christ and salvation Faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by :17 Practices – The role of the church action is dead Themes – religion, human rights and social justice Themes – religion, and conflict

Now you are the , and each one :27 Practices – The role of the church of you is a part of it. Themes – religion, human rights and social justice I look upon the whole world as my parish. John Wesley Practices – The role of the church Themes – religion, human rights and social justice

For I was hungry and you gave me something Matthew 25:35-36 (The Parable of the Sheep Practices – The role of the church to eat….I was in prison and you came to visit me and the Goats) Themes – religion, human rights and social justice Beliefs – Key beliefs; Jesus Christ and salvation Blessed are those who are persecuted because :10 Practices – The role of the church of righteousness Themes – religion, human rights and social justice

I see clearly that the thing the church needs Pope Francis Practices – The role of the church most today is the ability to heal wounds and to Themes – religion, human rights and social justice warm the hearts of the faithful; it needs Beliefs – Key beliefs nearness, proximity. I see the church as a field hospital after battle.….The most important thing is the first proclamation: Jesus Christ has saved you. Anyone who does not provide for their :8 Themes – Relationships and families relatives, and especially for their own Themes – religion, human rights and social justice Practices – The role of household, has denied the faith and is worse the church than an unbeliever Teaching Source of Authority Specification Blessed are the merciful Matthew 5:7 Themes – Religion and life Themes – religion, human rights and social justice Practices – The role of the church Themes – religion, peace and conflict

The love of money is the root :10 Themes – religion, peace and conflict of all kinds of evil Themes – religion, human rights and social justice Practices – The role of the church

Do all the good you can, by all John Wesley Themes – religion, human rights and social justice the means you can, in all the Practices – The role of the church ways you can, in all the places you can, at all the times you can, to all the people you can, as long as ever you can

Life's most persistent and King Jnr Themes – religion, human rights and social justice urgent question is, 'What are Practices – The role of the church you doing for others?

I look to a day when people will Martin Luther King Jnr Themes – religion, human rights and social justice not be judged by the colour of Practices – The role of the church their skin, but by the content of their character.

Injustice anywhere is a threat Martin Luther King Jnr Themes – religion, human rights and social justice to justice everywhere. Practices – The role of the church

Without forgiveness, there's no Desmond Tutu Themes – religion, human rights and social justice future Themes – religion, peace and conflict Practices – The role of the church