The table football The Lollipop

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1 WE ARE CURIOUS The lollipop was born to avoid children getting dirty

1. Who is León Felipe? with sweets and today it sells 18 million units a day. 2. Which is the capital of Ecuador? It is the lollipop 50th birthday.

3. Show on the map the spanish cities and the countries mentioned in the text.

The lollipop was born 50 years ago as a practical and intelligent solution to avoid little children to get their hands dirty The lollipop was Theborn lollipop 50 years was ago born as 50a practical years ago and as intelligent a practical solution and intelligent to avoid solutionlittle children to avoid to get little their children hands to dirty get their hands dirty with sweets. with sweets. with sweets. Half a century later, the lollipop has become a global phenomenon. A business and commercial success that became Half a century later,Half the a centurylollipop later,has become the lollipop a global has become phenomenon. a global A phenomenon.business and commercial A business andsuccess commercial that became success that became fashionable thanks to its ingenious simplicity in the sophisticated industry of sweeties. fashionable thanksfashionable to its ingenious thanks simplicity to its ingenious in the sophisticated simplicity in the industry sophisticated of sweeties. industry of sweeties. Enric Bernat, the creator, invented the ultra-famous sweet stick in 1958. Everyday 18 million units come out on the Enric Bernat, the Enriccreator, Bernat, invented the creator, the ultra-famous invented the sweet ultra-famous stick in 1958. sweet Everyday stick in 18 1958. million Everyday units come 18 million out onunits the come out on the global market in almost 160 countries. global market inglobal almost market 160 countries. in almost 160 countries. The first manufacturer of the universal sweet stick was Granja Asturias S.A. The first manufacturerThe first of manufacturerthe universal sweetof the universalstick was Granjasweet stickAsturias was S.A.Granja Asturias S.A. From 2006, the brand is owned by an italian-dutch multinational who makes the lollipops From 2006, the brandFrom is2006, owned the bybrand an italian-dutch is owned by anmultinational italian-dutch who multinational makes the lollipops who makes the lollipops in 127 flavours. in 127 flavours. in 127 flavours. For some people the lollipop is, together with the mop, the great spanish For some peopleFor the some lollipop people is, togetherthe lollipop with is, the together mop, thewith great the mop,spanish the great spanish invention of the 20th century. invention of the 20thinvention century. of the 20th century. Simplicity is the secret of its success, from a modern and innovative sweet, Simplicity is the secretSimplicity of its is success, the secret from of itsa modernsuccess, and from innovative a modern sweet, and innovative sweet, to a pop icon of the 20th century. to a pop icon of theto a 20th pop century.icon of the 20th century. It was the first sweet to travel into space and if you put all the lollipops It was the first sweetIt was to the travel first intosweet space to travel and ifinto you space put all and the if lollipopsyou put all the lollipops made in the last 5 decades one after another, there would be enough made in the lastmade 5 decades in the onelast after5 decades another, one there after would another, be thereenough would be enough lollipops to go round the Earth almost 20 times. lollipops to go roundlollipops the Earth to go almost round the20 times.Earth almost 20 times. Something as simple as adding a stick to a sweet ball was crucial for the Something as simpleSomething as adding as simple a stick as to adding a sweet a stickball wasto a crucialsweet ballfor thewas crucial for the mothers who refused to buy sweets to their children. mothers who refusedmothers to buy who sweets refused to totheir buy children. sweets to their children. The secret of the success of the lollipop was thanks to the business vision of its inventor: The secret of the Thesuccess secret of ofthe the lollipop success was of thanksthe lollipop to the was business thanks vision to the of business its inventor: vision of its inventor: Enric Bernat Fontlladosa (1923-2003). From the beginning of the business, he wanted to Enric Bernat FontlladosaEnric Bernat (1923-2003). Fontlladosa From (1923-2003). the beginning From of the the beginning business, ofhe the wanted business, to he wanted to build an empire as big as Coca-Cola. build an empire asbuild big an as empire Coca-Cola. as big as Coca-Cola. The sweet stick has made history because it was the first sweety to orbit the Earth and the astronauts The sweet stick hasThe made sweet history stick has because made ithistory was the because first sweety it was to the orbit first the sweety Earth toand orbit the the astronauts Earth and the astronauts in the MIR station tasted them in 1995. in the MIR stationin tasted the MIR them station in 1995. tasted them in 1995. Actors, sport people, politicians,singers, models and astronauts have made the lollipop famous: fiction Actors, sport people,Actors, politicians,singers, sport people, politicians,singers, models and astronauts models andhave astronautsmade the lollipophave made famous: the lollipopfiction famous: fiction characters such as Kojak detective (Telly Savalas), and celebrities like Johan Cruyff, Rivaldo, Madonna, characters suchcharacters as Kojak detective such as (TellyKojak Savalas), detective and (Telly celebrities Savalas), like and Johan celebrities Cruyff, like Rivaldo, Johan Madonna, Cruyff, Rivaldo, Madonna, Harrison Ford, Giorgio Armani, Mariah Carey or the Spice Girls who appeared in public enjoying lollipops in Harrison Ford, GiorgioHarrison Armani, Ford, MariahGiorgio CareyArmani, or Mariahthe Spice Carey Girls or who the appeared Spice Girls in who public appeared enjoying in lollipops public enjoying in lollipops in many different flavours. many different flavours.many different flavours. 2 YOUR TURN Bernat named the first lollipop ‘Gol’, because of its shape of a ball. Bernat named theBernat first lollipopnamed ‘Gol’,the first because lollipop of ‘Gol’,its shape because of a ofball. its shape of a ball. Let's make a "human table football"

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He changed it to ‘Chups’, because an advert agency told him it was easier to introduce them in the global market with Name: Group: that name. Later, it was the people who added ‘chupa’ , from the advertising song.

In 1970, Bernat ordered a new logo to a famous artist: a yellow daisy with an american font, it was modern and trangressive for the time. The artist got paid a lot of money for it. Rubbers, like many other things, were invented by

The lollipop is a ball made of sugar, water and glucose, heated until water evaporates and then acid and scent are chance. Logically, the need of erasing pencil marks added. appears with the use of the pencil, until then, ink, an So, the basis of the lollipop is the same as any other sweets; the difference is the scent and the colouring. There are indelible element, was only used for writing. more than 127 flavours today. Flavours as different as daikiri, baked apple, piña colada and even chilli.

When the dough is ready, it's homogenized and put into moulds. Finally, the stick is added, it is cooled down and wrapped in the typical cellophane. This last step is very important because the visual aspect to sell the product is very important. Colourful attractive and flashy sweets always whet your appetite, especially if they are near the checkout Before the rubber appeared, it was possible to erase pencil marks with bread erasers. points in the shop. There were two problems with these breadcrumbs erasers: they needed fresh bread and they were not too precise.

GLOSSARY When the Spanish were exploring America, they saw the aztecs playing with balls that bounced frenetically and which, according to one of the soldiers of Hernán Cortés, called Bernán Díaz del Castillo, they seemed to be moved To avoid: to prevent something bad from happening (evitar) Advertising song: a song used to make people buy something. (cançó by evil spirits. In effect, as in other civilisations, the aztecs had fun playing ball games with a very elastic ball. A business and commercial success: A good commercial result. (èxit de l´anunci) Other soldiers saw a liquid flowing from a tree, falling onto the ground and turning into small balls that bounced comercial) Logo: A printed design or symbol that a company uses. (logo) easily. It came from a rubber and a cork tree, they named this material latex. Fashionable: According to the latest fashion. (de moda) Daisy: A very small flower, which is white around and a yellow centre. Surprised by the elasticity of latex, the spanish people brought samples to Europe. Sweetie: (Used by and to children, a sweet.) (caramelet) (margarida) It was not in Spain where they proposed to use this material for rubbers. It was in England, where the scientist Joseph Sweet stick: A thin rod of plastic holding a sweet. (pal amb caramel) To heat: To make or become warm or hot. (escalfar) Global Market: Business trade concerning the whole world. (mercat Scent: A particular usually pleasant smell. (aroma) Priestley discovered he could erase pencil markings by rubbing a piece of natural rubber made from plants over it. global) Dough: Flour mixed with water ready for baking. (pasta) He did not sell this product. Manufacturer: A firm that manufactures goods. (fabricant) To homogenize: To make a mixture become evenly spread through the Brand: the name of the company who makes a product. (marca whole. (homogenitzar) In 1770, Edward Nairne, an English engineer, picked up a piece of rubber comercial) Mould: A container of a particular shape, into which some soft instead of breadcrumbs and discovered that rubber can erase Flavour: A taste; A quality that only the tongue can experience. (sabor) substance is poured, so that when the substance becomes cool or pencil marks and he started selling rubber blocks as erasers in his a famous person or thing that people admire and see as a symbol of a hard, it takes this shape. (motlle) shop in London. particular idea.(símbol, icona) To cool down: To become neither warm nor very cold. (arrofredar) To refuse: to say that you will not do something. (refusar) To wrap: To cover something in a material folded around. (embolicar) There was a problem with this first natural rubbers, the natural To build an empire: To increase the size of an individual or To whet one´s appetite: make you want more. (obrir la gana) rubber in time fermented and went off. To delay this process, it was organization´s power and influence. (construir un imperi) Checkout point: the place where you pay for the things that you are Charles Goodyear who invented the vulcanization, a process that To name: To give a name to. (anomenar) buying in a supermarket. (caixa d´un supermercat) heated natural rubber and sulphur to make the rubber harder Shape: The outer form of something. (forma) Advert Agency: agency encouraging people to buy. (agència and less sticky and most importantly, more durable because publicitària) it did not go off. This process was patented by Goodyear himself in 1844.

Nowadays, most of the rubbers are not made of natural rubber but of 1 WE ARE CURIOUS synthetic materials. 1. What did Enric Bernat's parents and grandparents do for work? 2. What's the Pop culture? 3. What's MIR station? 4. Who was the artist who designed the brand logo? 5. In 2009 the sale of lollipops in the city of the rising sun increased a lot thanks to the ex prime minister who was seen eating the famous sweet, which country are we talking about?

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