a .ft .. ~ i.ib ~~ ~*·ic.f
Transactions and Proceedings
of the Palaeontological Society of Japan
New Series No. 72
Palaeontological Society of japan Dec. 30th, 1968 CONTENTS
TRAN SACTIONS
. Page 544. YANAGIDA, juichi : Carboniferous Brachiopods from Akiyoshi, Southwesl j apan, Part IlL Delepinea from a pyroclastic Rock near the Lowest Part of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group ...... _...... 327 545. MATSUMARU, Kuniteru : Miogypsinid Populations from the T ungliang Well TL-1 of the Penghu Islands, China ...... 340 546. I-IA TAl, Kotora and NODA, Hiroshi : Cylindrical Structures from the Tatsunokuchi Formation (Early Miyagian) in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture ...... 345 547. MASUDA, K6ichir6: Sand pipes penetrating igneous Rocks in the En- virons of Sendai, j apan ...... 351 SHORT NOTE 14. Mr NATO, Masao and KATO, Makoto: Uralnevadaphyllum, a new sub- generic Name for Porfirievella MINATO and KATO, 1965 363 PROCEEDINGS ...... 364 Systematic Index ...... 365 Index of Families, Genera and Species ...... 367
President : Kiyoshi ASANO Councillors: Kiyoshi ASANO (Editor of Fossils), Tetsuro l-IANAI (Editor of Transac tions and Proceedings), Wataru HASHIMOTO (Treasurer), Kotora HATAI, Ko ichiro ICHIKAwA, Taro KA NA YA, Kametoshi KANMERA, Teiichi KOBAy ASH!, Tamio KOTAKA, Tatsuro MATSUMOTO (Editor of Special Papers), Masao MINATO, Hiroshi OzAKI (Planning), Tokio SH IKAMA (Membership), Tsug io SHUTO, Fuyuji TAKA! (Chairman of Executive Councillor's Committee) Secretaries: Takashi HAMADA, Itaru I-l AYAM I, Yasuhide IWASAKI, Yokichi TAKA YANAGI
All Communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF jAPAN Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, japan Trans. Proc. Palaent. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 72, pp. 32"7-339, pis. 33, 34, Dec. 30, 1968
544. CARBONIFEROUS BRACHIOPODS FROM AKIYOSHI, SOUTHWEST JAPAN PART III DELEPINEA FROM A PYROCLASTIC ROCK NEAR THE LOWEST PART OF THE AKIYOSHI LIMESTONE GROUP*
JUICHI YANAGIDA
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
@iYJJ:l;;fq:ki'frfi"EEiHcnrtnJ?:~w -tCI) 3, f:ki'f"E!*~·J\llf.'t:lft:rl}~Ni!I C7) xLIJft'ni'i~5J: rJ fftu LJ:: Delepinea ~C-::>v''"C: LIJP~~:ffr;ll~~J'll:IHJMJ!f,f>j"i!]: ~c 5};{fiT~. f;k~f:fii*:'i'cf!\!if,¥:/f,:r ff~f,Ji!J:CI), ~~g..:tJrt:!6'tVM!*¥:i~!iCI)l'i'J:_U~Ni!IiP G. -th.:fh§::k~to J: LJ:k~ Delepinea C7) =Wfitffi, Delepinea sayamensis, D. sinuata 7]~§£5! ~ hf-: Cl)l:·¥11"<5-i- ~" Delepinea l!iH:t 3- 1=1 ,. ... ~-'\":;:t- A 1- 7 ~ 7CI)rl'f~"EJ;kif-7J,G~:t-t--r:rc 13f1Uq<\1'i!J- ~h'Lv'~7J;, 7 .:;yrc ~;It~ ill'£ Ill f:l:;}: t.=Ti1t~-2 ~ h '"( v' ts:7J'-? t.:" f:kEf ffr::CI) ='fli'lill C7) -) "0 D. sayamensis f:l: 3- P -~ r'.Cl) Lower Visean C7) D. destinezi (VAUGHAN) c. cJI''ii\'{C)fl:*¥l:· , ::::.hGnY~ 5E~fii!::'J!ET~Xillv'JLJ1'1:EffcJICI)JI;fft~:J: Early-Medial Visean c~?t.Gio, ts:7J,l:'h Early Visean CI)TtJ:fj~j:17J~~.d;v'o r~~ 111 '}if -
clear with the help of palaeontological Introduction study of some kinds of fossil partly well It is well known that the lowest parts preserved in limestones and pyroclastic of Carboniferous-Permian thick limestone rocks. The biostratigraphical study of groups in the Inner zone of Southwest the lower portion of the Akiyoshi lime Japan consist mainly of pyroclastic stone Group was tried by OKIMURA (1966) rocks. The Akiyoshi limestone Group in the Okubo- Hirabaru area, immediately ranging from Lower Carboniferous to south to the Akiyoshi limestone plateau. Upper Permian also contains thick He treated the smaller foraminifers in bedded pyroclastic rocks partly including limestones and established some for thin cherts, shales, and limestones at aminiferal zones. He correlated the age its basal portion. The details of petro of the lowest limestone bed of the Aki logical and sedimentological studies of yoshi limestone Group to the Early the pyroclastic rocks are still incomplete. Visean. Prior to 0KIMURA, MINATO and However, the stratigraphic succession KATO (1963) described some brachiopods and age of them became increasingly and corals from a reddish tuffaceous shale near the uppermost part of the * Received May 4, 1968; read June 22, pyroclastic rocks in the Okubo area. 1968 at Sendai. However, the greater part of the thick 327 328 Juichi YANAGIDA
~ crinoidal limestone (partly oolitic) (Is) 11!!:::3 olivine basaltic tuff (tf) ~ quartz porphyry (qph) Akiyoshi limestone <;roup !~ volcanic conglomerate(vcg) ~ porphyrite (phr) ~ augite andesite (ads) )t brachiopod fossil [Iill olivine basaltic tuff breccia (tbr} locality Fig. 1. Route map of the Sayama area showing brachiopod locality. (by ]. YANAGIDA, M. OTA and A. SuGI'v!URA) pyroclastic rocks which conformably The Akiyoshi limestone Group in this underlies the limestone is still uncertain area is completely reversed, being homo in age because of the deficiency of well clinal with the general attitude of N15oW preserved fossils in different horizons. and NE30o ±dip. The pyroclastic rocks The brachiopods herein described were are more than 100 m in thickness. The collected from the northeastern margin lower to middle part of them are com of the Akiyoshi limestone plateau and posed mainly of dark green basaltic tuff from a horizon about 10 m below the breccia and dark brown basaltic lapilli lowest limestone bed. The pyroclastic tuff partly including a extruded sheet rocks of this area have hitherto been of dark brown augite andesite. Por regarded as diabase or basic intrusion. phyritic intrusive rocks are partly ob- 544. Carbonijerm~s Brachiopods from Akiyoshi 329
-servable near the middle part of the of bryozoans and crinoids in the matrix. pyroclastic roc~s sporadfcal_ly distributed Small and well. preserved soHtary corals .along the, li~lf 'way up ahill. It is dark and brachiopod-fragments often associate green and completely altered. The up with volcanic pebbles. Most of shells permost part of the pyroclastic rocks of Delepinea are disarticulated and dis ·COnsists of purplish basaltic calcareous posed parallel to ~he bedding plane. tuff of ,more than 2m thic.k, which in Though its direct contact with the bas ·cludes· a number of Delepinea: ,Well altic tuff is not ascertained, the lowest rounded pebbles of basaltic ro~ks., are part of limestone is slightly tuffaceous partly aggregated ·'d.ensely in the tuff near the contact and consists of nothing .and ':this part is more calcare<;>~s than else than the fragments of crinoids and the other p3;rts. The)owest part of this bryozoans. This suggests that tuffs and basaltic tuff 'is' co~glomeratic 'with large limestones are laterally and vertically changeable with each other near their boundary. The smaller foraminifers are very rare and consit of very small endo thyrids. At a horizon about 50 m above the lowest limestone, where the smaller foraminifers occur abundantly with fine fragments of crinoids and bryozoans. The limestone of this horizon is more or less oolitic in texture. Between the two new species of Dele pinea, D. sayamensis and D. sinuata, the former is gigantic, being one of the largest species of this genus. The latter Fig. 2. Sketch showing the occurrence attains also the large size. Each of ·of brachiopod shells and an example of them has closely allied or related to the sedimentary features of pyroclastic rocks Lower Carboniferous species of Europe (completely reversed). and Australia respectively. 1) volcanic conglomerate often associating It is concluded that the brachiopod with small solitary corals (pebbles, oli assemblage consists of Early to Medial vine basalt; matrices, limestone). Visean elements and their age is highly 2) purplish basaltic lapill tuff. referable to the Early Visean. 3) purplish basaltic tuff with brachiopod shells. I wish to express my sincere appre 4) purplish basaltic lapilli tuff with spor ciation to Professor Ryuzo TORIY AMA adic brachiopod shells. and Associate Professor Tsugio SHUTO of Kyushu University for reading the number of rounded pebbles of basaltic typescript; to Dr. Masamichi OTA and rocks and the tuffaceous limestone as Mr. Akihiro SuGIMURA of Akiyoshi-dai the matrix. The conglomeratic part Science Museum for their valuable dis gradually merges into the upper tuff. cussions and kind helps in giving me The pebbles and granules in the con every facility for field work; and to Mr. glomeratic part and tuff clearly show Kiyoshi ISHIBASHI of Kyushu University the graded bedding. The conglomeratic for his kind help of distinguishing the part abundantly contains the fragments pyroclastic rocks. 330 Juichi YANAGIDA
Systematic descriptions
Family Daviesiellidae SOKOLSKA YA, 1960
Subfamily Delepineinae, MUIR-WOOD, 1962
Genus Delepiitea Mum-WooD, 1962
T ype-species.-Pro ductus comoides ~ SOWERBY, 1823 a .. Delepinea sayamensis, sp. nov.
Pl. 33, figs . 1, 2, Pl. 34, fig. 1; Text-figs. 3, 4, 5
Material.-Holotype, GK-D 30209 (Pl. Fig. 3. Serial sections of a pedicle 33, fig. 1) ; >paratypes, GK-D 30200 (Pl. valve, GK-D 30203, showing massive post 34, fig. ·1), GK-D 30201, GK-D 30202. erior callus thickening, long and slender Fragmentary specimens are also refered median septum, narrow adductor scars, and to the species. Internal structures of broad diductor scars. pedicle valve are shown by the serial sectionas of · GK-D 30203 and those of cline; surface ornamentation same to· brachial valve are shown by a paratype, opposite valve. GK-D 30202. (Interior). Pedicle valve interior Description.-(Exterior). Pedicle valve characterized by a large posterior callus very large, transversely subelliptical, thickening, stout short teeth, slender weakly inflated, with slight genicul ation median septum, narrow adductor scars, at about a third of length from posterior and broad diductor scars; massive callus margin or more posteriorly; posterior thickening in delthyrium tightly contact side of geniculation very slightly convex ing valve-floor vvith stout teeth on each and anterior one almost flat; greatest side of it and anteriorly continuing to· width at straight hinge line; cardinal median septum ; median septum very extremities at early stages more acute thin and short reaching about a sixth than those of adult; lateral slopes almost of length of pedicle valve from posterior flat or slightly concave; interarea low, margin; very low and round-topped flat or weakly concave, slightly apsacline; ridge anteriorly continuous from median delthyrium wide and low, pseudodelti septum reaching a length of 8 mm and dium not preserved; spines not recogniz gradually tapering down strength; ad able on cardinal ridge; mode of incre ductor muscle scars elevate about 1 mm ment of numerous and fine rounded co from diductor muscle scars, anterior stellae not ascertained as they completely mid part of it longitudinally sulcate; decorticated. diductor muscle scars anteriorly attains Brachial valve concave with largest about a half of shell-length with remark concavity at about a half of valve ably rough appearance of surface in length; interarea low, slightly hyper- transverse section suggesting irregularly 544. Ca1·bonije1·ous B1·achiopods from Akiyoshi 331
arranged longitudinal ridges on them. Brachial valve interior with a large cardinal process; low broad socket ridge subparallel to hinge extending about a half of length from cardinal process to cardinal extremity; imme diately anterior to cardinal process apparent concavity distinguishable suggesting alveolus; incomplete bre viseptum at about 15 mm anterior to cardinal process, anterior characters of it unknown; lateral septa broad diverging from breviseptum at right angle and gradually fading out an teriorly; internal surface papillose ...... _ l c m Fig. '1. Inked drawing of internal surface of .a partly preserved brachial valve, a paratype, CK-D 30202, showing a remarkable a lveolus, weak lateral septum, and weak socket ridge.
Dimensions of foU?' specimens in mm and deg7'ee.- 1 2 3 (pedicle valve) GK- D 30203 GK- D 30209 GK- D 30200 holotype para type
width ...... > 125 ...... > 171 (est. 196) .. >95 (est. 138) t hickness ...... >20 .... ·.· ...... 21...... est. 11 length ...... est. 90 ...... 85 ...... 52 height of interarea ...... >5 ...... 5 ...... 3 width of delthyrium ...... est. 18 ...... 19. 5 ...... 26 number of costellae in 10 mm '( on anterior surface ...... 16- 18 ...... 15- 16 ...... 12- 1'1 angle of cardinal extremity ...... est. 60 ° ...... est. 50, length ...... est. 18 median septum height ...... est. 10 { w1dth of base ...... 0.7 . { largest w icl th · .. . . est. 18 -chductor muse 1e scar . . . length ...... >32 largest width ...... 4.6 .adductor muscle scar l e~gth ...... est. 30 { he1ght. ... : ...... est. 5 332 Juichi YANAGIDA
1 (brachial valve) GK-D 30202 para type width ...... >75 (est.l50) length ...... 68 thickness ...... est. 10 height of interarea ...... 5 angle of cardinal extremity ...... est. 60° cardinal process{ h~ight ...... 10 Wldth ...... 8 k .d { length ...... 28 soc et n ge angle to hinge line ...... zoo breviseptum { le~gth ...... · ...... est. 22 Wldth ...... 3 angle of lateral ridge to breviseptum ...... est. goo
Remarks.-Among the species of Dele (1953) described the species in detail on pinea the Akiyoshi species is closely the materials from C2S1 subzones of Ire related with Delepinea destinezi (V AUG land, however, the true nature of the
HAN) from the Middle Visean V1b sub Belgian original specimen is still un zone of Belgium in its large size, external known. Such being the case, I compared and internal characters. Unfortunately the Akiyoshi species with the English Delepinea was not originally described materials mainly based on the descrip by VAUGHAN (1915). He only gave its tion of SIMPSON. Externally both En brief external character and recorded glish and Akiyoshi species resemble each its occurrence from C2S1 subzone in other in having the flat posterior part various regions of British isles. SIMPSON and weak geniculation at about a third
A
B ---- 0---em 2 Fig. 5. Comparison of the transverse and longitudinal profiles of pedicle valves between Delepinea destinezi (VAUGHAN) (A, after I. M. SIMPSON, 1953) and D. sayamensis sp. nov. (B). 544. Carboniferous Brachiopods from Akiyoshi 333 of the length of pedicle valveJrom 1,1mbo. have the larger dimensions of their But the geniculation is more· distinct in lengths than the hoiotype. the former than the latter.· Posterior side of the geniculation of D. destinezi is almost flat. That. of the' Akiyoshi Delepinea sinuata, sp. nov. species is very slightly convex. The Pl. 34, figs. 2, 3; Text~ figs. 6, 7, 8 transverse profile of the Akiyoshi species is uniformly arched. in the median part Material.-Holotype, GK-D 30204 (Pl. but are flatly spreading the ear regions. 34, fig. 2); paratypes, GK-D 30205, GK-D That of another species figured by SIMP 30206. Other five specimens are also SON shows the moderately arched median available under the heading. Internal part and uniformly · inclined lateral structures are shown by serial sections slopes and ear regions. The thickness of GK-D 30207 and GK-D 20208, and by of pedicle valve of D. destinezi is larger the inked drawing of a paratype, GK-D than another. The proportions of thick 30206. ness to length and width of pedicle Description.-(Exterior). Pedicle valve valve of both species are respectively large, transversely subelliptical with as follows: 0.36 and 0.23 in D. destinezi, widest part at hinge line, af\d. uniformly 0.26 and 0.11 in the Akiyoshi species. convex with the largest convexity at In the Akiyoshi specimens it was im umbo; umbo verY. slightly inflated with possible to observe spines or tubules on nearly pointed beak ; broad shallow interareas because of their unfavourable median sulcus at about a quarter of state of preservation. shell-length from posterior margin The pedicle valve interior of the Aki rapidly increasing width and depth yoshi species !s characterized by a large anteriorly with low rounded folds on callus thickening and a median slender both sides of sulcus; interarea low, septum in short length. The character anacline with small delthyrium; spines of cardinal process of the Akiyoshi or tubules. not preserved on cardinal species is only known about its large ridge ; mode of increment of costellae size. Other characteristics of the bra· not ascertained; rows of very fine num chial valve interior are very similar to erous pseudopunctae on slightly weather those of D. destinezi described by SIMP ed shell surface. SON. Brachial valve moderately concave Delepinea sayamensis is o~e of the · , with very low interarea; ornament of largest species of this genus. According same with opposite valve.· to MUIR-WOOD (1962) the largest speci (Interior). Pedicle valve interior with men of D. destinezi appears to be 8 in. moderately thick umbonal callus thicken wide. The adult specimens of the Aki ing continuing to blunt low median yoshi species all suggest the width of ridge; median ridge extends anteriorly coming near or more than 200 mm. The about a quarter of length of pedicle holotype of which the ear region of valve gradually tapering height; adduc right side is lost shows 98 mm width tor muscle scars slightly elevated and from the delthyrium to the cardinal ex broadly dendritic; diductor scars long tremity suggesting the complete width itudinally finely striated on its surface. of nearly 200 mm. Other incomplete Brachial valve interior with prominent pedicle valves of adult specimens all cardinal process with nearly vertical 334 Juichi YANAGID A
p 0 ,. 18.3 '
1 em Fig. 6. Serial sections of a sli ght ly deformed shell, GK-D 30207. Note massive and large cardinal process. posterior face and anterior one of fairly anterior margin of median lobe broad undercut; median lobe narrow and high and massive with shallow median de increasing height anteriorly with very pression; lateral lobes blunt; sockets deep, narrow median incision ; it nearly moderately concave receiving short stout extends to anterior end of median lobe; teeth ; socket ridge weakly developed ; 5.4-4. Carbonije1·o~~s Brachio]Jods from Akiyoshi 335
distinct alveolus at immediately anterior to cardinal process; anteriorly alveolus continues to low broad platform with three very low short ridges on it; anter ior surface with numerous pustules; muscle scars undistinguishable.
Fig. 7. Serial sections of a pedicle valve, GK-D 30208, s howing posterior callus thickening, massive median septum, and con spicuous adductor scars.
a
b
..__. lcm
Fig. 8. Inked drawing of internal surface of an incomplete brachial valve, a paratype, GK-D 30206. a: Ventral view with a distinct alveolus. b: Posterior view with incomplete cardinal process and low socket ridges. 336 Juichi YANAGIDA
Dimensions of three specimens in mm and degree.- 1 .. 2 (pedicle valve) GK-D 30204 GK--'030207 holotype length ...... 53. 0 .... , .est. 52 width ...... , .... est. 102· ...... est. 102 · thickness ...... ·...... est. 20 ...... est. 25 width of median sulcus at anterior margin ...... 30. 5 ...... 20 height of interarea ...... 3. 5 ...... est. 3 width of delthyrium ...... est. 4 ...... est. 3 number of costellae in 10 mm at anterior margin ...... 22-24 ...... 20-22 angle of cardinal extremity ...... est. 70• length ...... est. 11 median septum { height ...... , ...... 2. 5 thickness of its base ...... 3. 5
1 (brachial valve) GK-D 30206 paratype length ...... 59. 0 width ...... 105. 0 thickness ...... 20. 0 cardinal proce3s { h~ight · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·est. 8 w1dth ...... est. 7 length ...... est. 7 socket ridge { width ...... _.: ...... 3. 0 angle to hinge line ...... est. zo· height of interarea ...... est. 2 angle of cardinal extremity ...... est. 70•
Remarks.-The Akiyoshi species is pinea aspinosa (DUN), D. gloucesterensis most characterized by its ))road median CAMPBELL and ROBERTS, and D. can sulcus, very low interarea, massive, low nindahensis (MAXWELL). All of them and short median septum in the pedicle have the sulcate pedicle valve, though valve and the large cardinal process and that of D. aspinosa is weak or sometimes distinct alveolus in the brl;lchial valve. absent. In external characters of pedicle So far as the external and internal valve the Akiyoshi species is much characters are concerned, the Akiyoshi similar to D. cannindahensis and D. species is closely related to the Aust gloucesterensis. Especially D. canninda ralian Lower Carboniferous species Dele~ hensis strongly resembles the Akiyoshi
Explanation of Plate 33
(All figures natural size, unless otherwise stated)
Figs. 1, 2. Delepinea sayamensis, sp. nov. la-d. Respectively lateral, ventral, posterior, and dorsal views of the holotype, GK-D 30209. 2. Transverse section of beak region showing posterior callus thickening and hinge teeth, GK-D 30203, x 1. 5. YANAGIDA : Carboniferm~s Brachiopods from Akiyoshi Plate 33
lcl 544. Carboniferous Brachiopods from Akiyoshi 337 species by its low folds on both sides pedicle valve was available at that time. of sulcus. The Akiyoshi species, how The Akiyoshi specimens are quite dif ever, is posteriorly less inflated and the ferent in external characters from the beak is more pointed than the other. Nabeyama specimen which belongs to a Internally the Australian species are distinct genus from Delepinea. clearly distinguished from D. sinuata in Delepinea has never been recorded in having the fairly slender median septa the Asian continent. However, it is well in pedicle valves. CAMPBELL and Ro known in the Lower Carboniferous of BERTS (1964) noticed a pair of thicken Europe, North Africa and Australia. ing-extensions from the umbonal callus Among the European species Delepinea in D. gloucesterensis. In the Akiyoshi destinezi (VAUGHAN) is the closest species species similar textures are sometimes to Delepinea sayamensis of Akiyoshi. observable near the umbonal callus Delepinea destinezi is one of the largest thickening. Although the characters of species of this genus and its occurrence cardinal process of the Akiyoshi species is restricted in the Belgian Lower Visean are only partly known from the trans V1b subzone and the Lower Visean C2S1 verse section it is much similar to those subzones of N. W. Ireland and S. Wales. of D gloucesterensis and D. aspinosa in It is also recorded from the Lower its principal characters. D. aspinosa is Visean of Morocco. Delepinea sayamensis also closely similar to the Akiyoshi is a distinct species from D. destinezi, species in having blunt and thick median though these two species are fundament septum of the pedicle valve. However, ally very close with each other. Their the latter is apparently distinguished gigantic sizes and external morphologies from the former by its transverse out are the remarkable characteristics dis line and strongly sulcate pedicle valve. tinguishing them from other chonetacean brachiopods. In the circum-Pacific region Delepinea Correlation has been known from the Visean of Delepinea has never been recorded in southeastern Australia. It is represented the Carboniferous of japan. Once HAYA by Delepinea cannindahensis (MAXWELL) SAKA (1933) described a large brachiopod from the Baywulla Formation of Queens under the name of ? Daviesiella comoides land, D. aspinosa (DuN) and D. glouces (SOWERBY) from a black bituminous terensis CAMPBELL and ROBERTS from limestone of the Nabeyama Formation, New South Wales. Comparing with D. Kwanto massif in association with some sinuata, D. cannindahensis and D. glou other brachiopods. At that time HAY A cesterensis have affinities, especially in SAKA refered the age of the brachiopod having a distinct median sulcus on the faunule to the Uralian. But this corre pedicle valve. The Akiyoshi species, lation was emended by NAGAO and MIN A however, has the strongest sulcus among TO (1943) and FUJIMOTO (1961) by the them and it is also distinct from others discoveries of the Permian fusulinaceans in its internal characters. D. canninda from the same horizon in which brachio hensis was described by MAXWELL (1961) pods occur. HAY ASAKA identified with a from the uppermost oolitic limestone of query this large specimen to Daviesiella Baywulla Formation correlating the age comoides, the type species of Delepinea, with the Late Visean. Although the because only an unfavourably preserved biostratigraphy seems to be still incom- 338 Juichi YANAGIDA plete in the Lower Carboniferous of New southwest of Sayama. He established Sot.\th Wales the age of D. gloucesterensis Endothyra sp. A zone in the lowest from the McRae limestone was correlated part of limestones and correlated the with the .Medial-Late Visean by CAMP species assemblage to that of the Lower BELL and ROBERTS (1964). Visean of Russia and Lower Meramecian As stated above Delepinea sayamensis of North America. The thick pyroclastic and D. sinuata respectively has affinities rocks of the lowest part of the Akiyoshi to Early Visean and Medial to Late limestone Group are slightly different in Visean species of Europe and Australia. thickness and rock facies between Saya Concerning the age of the Akiyoshi ma and Okubo-Hirabaru areas. But species a special attention has been paid the age determined by brachiopods and on the close affinity of D. sayamensis to the smaller foraminifers is quite com D. destinezi and its abundant occurrence. mon in both areas. Taking account of the clear distinction Delepinea sinuata and D. sayamensis of internal characters between D. sinuata occur near the uppermost horizon of and the Australian two species, D. glou thick pyroclastic rocks. Therefore it is cesterensis and D. cannindahensis, the highly possible that the lowest part of age of the Akiyoshi species under con the Akiyoshi limestone Group is older sideration may be referable to the Early than the Early Visean. Visean. Apart from brachiopods I examined References foraminifers in limestones of the sur veyed area. They consist only of the CAMPBELL, K. S. W. and RoBERTS, ]. (1964) : Two species of Delepinea from New smaller foraminifers. Moreover it is South Wales. Palaeontology, 7, (3), 514- very characteristic that the limestone 524. immediately above the tuff rarely con DAVIDSON, T. (1861): A monograph of Bri tains only Endothyra. This fact is in tish Carboniferous Brachiopoda, Part 5. harmony with that found by OKIMURA Palaeontogr. Soc. (Monogr.), 121-210, pis. (1966) in Okubo-Hirabaru area, about 6km 27-47.
Explanation of Plate 34
(All figures natural size, unless otherwise stated)
Fig. 1. Delepinea sayamensis, sp. nov. A pedicle valve in immature stage, a paratype, GK-D 30200. Figs. 2, 3. 'J.Delepinea sinuata; sp. nov. 2a-e. Respectively lateral, posterior, anterior, ventral, and dorsal views of the holotype, GK-D 30204. 3a, b. Posterior views of transverse sections of cardinal process of a specimen, GK-D 30207, respectively showing immediately posterior part of anterior margin with broad and massive median lobe and fairly undercut anterior face (3a, x 3) and a section at about 0. 8 mm posterior from 3a with sharply projected median lobe having narrow and deep median incision (3b, x 2). The type-specimens and other illustrated specimens are kept in the Department of Geology, Facultyj;of Science, Kyushu University. Photos by YANAGIDA YANAGIDA: Ca?"bon~{e?"M~s B?"achiopocls .{1·on~ Akiyoshi Plate ~1~~
2b
2c
2d
3b 544. Carboniferous Brachiopods from Akiyoshi 339
GEORGE, T. N. (1930): Studies in Avonian of the Chugoku region, Southwest Japan. brachiopoda, III. The delthyrium of Geol. Rep. Hiroshima Univ., (15), 1-46, Chonetes comoides. Geol. Mag., 67, 554- pl. 1 (in Japanese with English abstract). 557. PAECKELMANN, W. (1930): Die Brachiopodens HAYASAKA, Ichiro (1933) : On the Carboni des Deutschen Unterkarbons, I Teil. Abh. ferous brachiopod fauna from the Nabe Preuss. Geol. Landesanst., N. F., 122, 143- yama region, Totigi Prefecture, Japan. 326, pis. 9-24. Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Imp. Univ., REYNOLDS, S. H. and VAUGHAN, A. (1911): 6, (2), 9-44, pis. 3-14. Faunal and lithological sequence in the MAXWELL, W. G. H. (1961) : Lower Carboni Carboniferous limestone series (Avonian) ferous brachiopod faunas from Old Can of Burrington Combe (Somerset). Quart. nindah, Queensland. jour. Paleont., 35, jour. Geol. Soc., 67, 342-392, pis. 29-31. (1), 82-103, pis. 19, 20. SIMPSON, I. M. (1953) : Daviesiella destinezi MuiR-WooD, H. M. (1962): On the morpho (VAUGHAN), Lower Carboniferous index logy and classification of the brachiopod fossil in northern west Ireland. Geol. suborder chonetoidea. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Mag., 90, 193-200, pl. 9. Hist.), viii+132 pp., 17 pis. VAUGHAN, A. (1915) : Correlation of Dinan OKIMURA, Yuji (1966) : Microbiostratigra tian and Avonian. Quart. jour. Geol. Soc., phical studies on the foraminiferal faunas 71, 1-52, pis. 1-7. of the Lower Carboniferous formations
-:J_- Akiyoshi t:k <=I Okubo j( :?-.. 1* Hirabaru Sf JYi( Sayama 1li. ill j-[! 13 Miyanobaba 1?; ...ll' q Jjj Uebatake HU E>d Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 72, pp. 340~344, pis. 35, 36, Dec. 30, 1968
545. MIOGYPSINID POPULATION FROM THE TUNGLIANG WELL TL-1 OF THE PENGHU ISLANDS, CHINA*
KUNITERU MATSUMARU
Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
l:;:_li:H& TL~1 1;J-#1If0) Miogypsinid itmi*f>¥: iitiMJRti.~)])_:i~1:::.~1li:~NI'~i'J~]:O)~, 1JJOb -c .:fo0 '(I ht-: TL~1 -0·):1:0) ;t;- ~ './ !l · ::1 7-411:::. Miogypsina 1-'iEk!Gi?;folif=rts: ~"1f-:O)"C", !PJ 1.'l Ek tf rj1 0) Miogypsina flli 0) I"J/i2 C. RcU& ~ L..t-:o ~h GO) Miogypsina v'i C. W. DROOGER 1:::. J: :Q Miogypsinidae f-H1t § O)iHJt~~ 1: O)j}J.iili: C. .:thi?' G1~ Gh :Q ~ftii6lii?' G basal Burdigalian f:::. ;!;t..: f), '*. t-: IC:Pjs::§1j,li;)4Ht!!i?, G ?}ill.d-- :Q Miogypsinid illill*m:J: IJ' :b f;Q>f:::.i!iv·111ili*f Introduction regions in Europe, north Africa, Indonesia and recognized the same succesion of the Since MICHELOTTI described the first nepionic acceleration. form of the family Miogypsinidae in 1841, In 1963, DROOGER reported on the ten many investigations have been reported tative relationships of the Miogypsina from the Mediterranean, Central America species in the three main regions of the and western Pacific regions. Among the Mediterranean, Central America and abundant publications, the one by TAN western Pacific regions, and he (1964) SIN HOK (1936) on the Indonesian Mio was able to point out the same phylo gypsinidae is of particular importance. genetic lineage of the miogypsinid popu He emphasized the necessity and import lations from the type localities of the ance of the "nepionic acceleration", a Chattian, Aquitanian and Burdigalian theoretical idea, to understand the classi stages in Europe. Therefore, from the fication and phylogeny of the family. phylogeny of the miogypsinids the geo DROOGER (1952), influenced by TAN'S logical ages of the respective occurrences idea, investigated on the basis of statis could be determined. tical analysis the miogypsinid populations Recently, U;n:E (1966) published the of different ages from separate localities new idea of " Evolutionary Line" from of Central America. As the result and a statistical treatment obtained by the by treating with TAN's "nepionic acceler distribution of the values of the three ation" he succeeded to make a tentative parameters from the figures given by phylogenetic scheme of the family Mio those absolute measurements of the gypsinidae. Subsequently, he was able miogypsinid specimens and this "Evolu to apply the same procedure to the mio tionary Line " was found to be in good gypsinid populations from the different agreement with the tentative phylogeny * Received Sept. 18, 1968; read June 22, 1968 proposed by DROOGER. .at Sendai. The purpose of the present paper is 340 545. Miogypsinid Population from the Tungliang Well TL-1 341 to report on the specific determination having two nepionic spirals along the and to describe the miogypsinid popula outer side of the protoconch and the tions from the Tungliang ,Well TL-1, other of primitive single-spiralled forms Penghu islands, China, and to mention (B. form). The description of the present on the age-determination induced by the forms follows the parameters given by miogypsinids. This i~ the first report DROOGER, but X factor (number of on the occurrence of Miogypsina globulina nepionic chambers) of the symmetrical in the Penghu islands. The materials chamber .belongs to a chamber of the studied by the writer are pieces of mas main spiral. sive, compact, light gray Miogypsina Description: bearing limestone (sparite) take~ at 500 m depth in the. Tungliang Well TL-1, Family Miogypsinidae VAUGHAN, 1928 located at about 850 m northeast of the village of Tungliang, Paisa island of the Genus Miogypsina SAcco, 1893 Penghu islands. Miogypsina globulina (MICHELOTTI), 1841 Pl. 35, figs. 1-6; pl. 36, figs. 1-6 Acknowledgements A form.-Test usually fan-shaped, but Mr. Tunyow HuANG of the Chinese sometimes with a protruding apical por Petroleum Cooporation kindly sent to tion, frontal margin irregularly rounded. the writer the Miogypsina limestone Mature specimens usually with biconvex samples from the drill core of Tungliang to plano-convex vertical section, thickest Well TL-1. Professors Kiyoshi AsANO portion between center and apex of test, and Kotora HATAI of the Institute of with range of 0.36 to 0.77 mm. Diameter Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku Uni 0.81 to 1.69 mm in 11 observed equatorial versity, kindly encouraged the writer in sections. his work and reviewed the manuscript. Diameter of protoconch 90 to 125 p. Dr. Shoshiro HANZAWA, Professor emeri (MI=111 p., aMI=3.7 p.) in 11 sectioned tus of the Tohoku University, kindly individuals. The slightly large diameter discussed with the writer many forami of kidney-shaped deuteroconch exceeds niferal problems. Mr. Teruo ISHIKAWA that of protoconch with an average value of our Institute assisted the writer in of 25 percent. Proportion between proto making thin sections. The writer ex conch-diameter (I) and deuteroconch-di presses his deep gratitude to those ameter (II) giving mean value of about persons. Deep appreciation is expressed 0 1.02. Angle (r ) between axis of two to the Chinese Petroleum Corporation embryonic chambers and apical-frontal for the specimens and information con line varies between oo and 35°, mean cerning them. value being about 15°. Two principal auxiliary chambers of Description, Determination unequal size ascertained, each single and Discussion along outer side of protoconch. Sym metrical chamber lying about axis of The Tangliang miogypsinids show two embryonic chambers. Average value for kinds of nepionic characters; i. e. one 200 a/fi is about 35. Spirals absent with more advanced forms (A form) along circumference of deuteroconch. All 342 K~miteru MATSUMARU separate nepionic chambers of commonly Eld's value calculated by UJII:E's method smaller size, but occasionally larger than in 11 specimens is 84. individual embryonic chambers. B joTm.-Test generally like A form. Equatorial chambers in equatorial sec Diameter, 0:90 to , 1.59 mm and. thickness tions ogival to rhombic in shape, with 0.32 to 0.80 mm. maximal dimensions of 140 x 155 p.. Diameter of protoconch 65 to 150 f1. Equatorial layer in vertical sections (Ml=108 p., aMI=7.0 p.) in 32 individuals. with fiat roof and floor, height average Deuteroconch with diameter larger than 200 p.. Later lateral chambers arranged protoconch, slightly kidney-shaped. Pro in regular layers and tieres, about 5 portion between I and II giving mean value layers in mature specimens in vertical of about 1.10. r· is average value of 15· . succession from equatorial layer to more Nepionic chambers arranged in single, convex side of test. peripherally situated, distinctly trochoid Text-figs. 1- 2. Latitudinal sections of the core TL-1 showing the crowded arrangement of the Miogypsina specimens. x 1. 45 Explanation of Plate 35 Miogy psina globulina (MIC H E LOTTI) A form: F igs. 1-4. Equatorial sections. Fig. 1. x 79. IGPS col!. cat. no. 90921. Fig. 2. x 68. IGPS col!. cat. no. 90922. Fig. 3. x 73. IGPS col!. cat. no. 90923. Fig. 4. x 35. IGPS col!. cat. no. 90924. Fig. 5. x 175. Fig. 2 enlarged to show the canal system in the wall. Fig. 6. Vertical section. x 37. IGPS col!. cat. no. 90925. M /1 TS u MAR u: JI!IiogyJJSinids frO?n Penghu Islands Plate 35 M A T SUMA R U and K U M AGA I photo, 545. Miogypsinid Pop~~lation from the Tungliang Well TL-1 343 spiral. X found to vary between 5 to 7 the miogypsinid populations from widely (MX=6.2 fl, aMX=O.ll f1). Spiral cham scattered localities in Japan are classified bers increase gradually in size closing into 3 groups from the comparison of to 1/2 X and gradually decrease to final the three main parameters of MX-200 one. M o:j (3, M II/I, M ro. These groups Equatorial chambers in equatorial sec correspond roughly with horizons of their tions arcuate to rhombic in shape with stratigraphical occurrences and from the maximal dimensions of 140 X 180 fl· "Evolutionary Line" proposed by UJIIE Equatorial layer in vertical sections all of the Japanese miogypsinids fall with flat roof and floor, height average within the range from Miogypsina inter 115 fl· Lateral chambers arranged in media up to Miogypsina cushmani. regular layers and tiers, about 5 layers DROOGER (1952) once considered Mio in mature specimens. gypsina intermedia to be a synonym of Eld's value in 32 specimens is 70. Miogypsina kotoi. UJIIE and OSHIMA Determination and Discussion.-· (1960) from their study on the miogyp According to DROOGER's MX and M sinid populations from the Mizunami 200 o: I (3 scales, the Tungliang miogyp District, Central Japan, stated that the sinid populations could be determined as populations there fall within the range Miogypsina globulina. Based on UJIIE:'s of Miogypsina globulina to Miogypsina Eld's value, A form would be determined intermedia. as Miogypsina globulina, whereas B form Although there still remains room for as Miogypsina tani-globulina. paleontological study of the specific The writer based upon statistical mea relation existing between Miogypsina surements holds the view that Miogypsina globulina and "Miogypsina kotoi" from tani-gloubulina of DROOGER should be Japan the Miogypsina globulina of the included within the limits of M. globulina Tungliang miogypsinid populations may even though stratigraphically it occupies be from statistics considered to be more the lower part of the chronological range primitive than the "Miogypsina kotoi" of the species. Therefore the Tungliang of the Japanese miogypsinids so far as miogypsinids, should be named Miogyp DROOGER'S scale and UJIIE's Eld's value sina globulina. of the miogypsinids are concerned. Therefore, the age should be basal Burdigalian of the Tungliang miogyp References sinids considering from the view point of DROOGER's Mid-Tertiary correlation. DROOGER, C. W. (1952) : Study of American According to DROOGER (1963, fig. 25), Miogypsinidae. Thesis, Univ. of Utrecht, Miogypsina globulina includes Miogypsina p. 1-80, figs. 1-18, tabs. 1-2, pis. 1-3. lwtoi HANZAWA as its synonym. All the -- (1953) : Some Indonesian Miogypsinidae. miogypsinids from the Japanese Islands Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., ser. B., have been identified as Miogypsina kotoi by val. 56, p. 104-123, pis. 1-2. -- (1955) : The microfauna of the Aquitan HANZAWA (1931, 1935) who considered it ian-Burdigalian of southwestern France. to range from the Nephrolepidina-Miogyp Pt. 2. Miogypsinidae. Ibid., Afd. Natuurk., sina zone up to the Miogypsina zone ser. 1, val. 21, p. 17-49, pl. 1. (HANZAWA, 1964). --and MAGNE, J. (1959) : Miogypsinids and From the report on the restudy of the planktonic Foraminifera of the Algerian Japanese miogypsinids by UJIIE: (1966), Oligocene and Miocene. Micropaleonto- 344 K'uniteru MATSUMARU logy, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 273-284, figs. 1-4, pis. -- (1964) : The phylomorphogenesis of the 1-2. Tertiary Foraminiferal Families, Lepido -- (1963) : Evolutionary trends in the Mio cyclinidae and Miogypsinidae. Sci. Rept. gypsinidae. In Evolutionary trends in Tohoku Univ., 2nd. ser. (Geol.), vol. 35, Foraminifera, ed. KoENIGSW ALD et al., no. 3, p. 295-313. Publ. Elsevier Co., p. 314-349, figs. 1-25. -- (1965) : The Ontogeny and Evolution of -- (1964) : Problems of Mid-Tertiary strati larger Foraminifera. Ibid., vol. 36, no. 2, graphic interpretation. Micropaleontology, p. 236-256, tab. 1, vol. 10, no. 3, p. 369-374, figs. 1-2. TAN SIN HoK. (1936): Zur Kenntnis der HANZAWA, S. (1931): Note on Tertiary Fo Miogypsiniden. Deingr. in Ned. Indie., raminiferous rocks from the Kwanto vol. 3, p. 45-61, 84-98 and 109-123. Mountainland, Japan. Sci. Rept. Tohoku HuANG, T. (1967) : Foraminiferal Study of Imp. Univ., 2nd ser. (Geol.), vol. 12, no. the Tungliang Well TL-1 of the Penghu 2, p. 141-157, pis. 1-3. Islands. Pet. Geol. Taiwan, no. 5, p. 131- -- (1935) : Some fossil Operculina and Mio 149, figs. 1-4, pls. 1-4. gypsina from Japan and their stratigraph UJIIE, H. and OsHIMA, K. (1960): Statistical ical significance. Ibid., vol. 18, no. 1, p. characters of two Miogypsina assemblages 1-29, pis. 1-3. from the Mizunami district, Gifu Prefec -- (1940) : Micropaleontological studies of ture. Sci. Rept., Tokyo Kyoiku Daigaku, drill cores from a deep well in Kita-Daito sec. C., vol. 7, no. 62, p. 105-116, figs. 1-4, jima (North Borodino Island). ]ub. Pub., pl. 1. Commem. Prof. YABE 60th Birthday, p. -- (1966) : "Evolutionary Line" of Mio 755-802, figs. 1-5, pis. 39-42. cene Miogypsinid Populations-Restudy -- (1957) : Cenozoic Foraminifera of Micro of the Japanese Miogypsinids Part 2-. nesia. Geol. Soc. Amer., Mem. 66, p. 1-163, Bull. Nat. Sci. Museum, vol. 9, no. 3, p. tabs. 1-5, pis. 1-38. 413-430, figs. 1-6, pis. 1-6. -- (1962): Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary YABE, H. and HANZAWA, S. (1928): Tertiary three-layered larger Foraminifera and Foraminiferous rocks of Taiwan (For their allied forms. Micropaleontology, vol. mosa). Imp. Acad., Proc. Tokyo, vol. 4, 8, no. 2, p. 129-186, pis. 1-8. no. 9, 533-536, figs. 1-3. Tunglian )Jli if: Paisa island s i:J; Jih Penghu islands fsti,\JJlit' Jih Explanation of Plate 36 Miogypsina globulina (MicHELOTTI) B form: Figs. 1-6. Equatorial sections. Fig. 1. x 75. IGPS coli. cat. no. 90926. Fig. 2. x 59. IGPS coli. cat. no. 90927. Fig. 3. x 54. IGPS coli. cat. no. 90928. Fig. 4. x 54. IGPS coli. cat. no. 90929. Fig. 5. x 77. IGPS coli. cat. no. 90930. Fig. 6. x 52. IGPS coli. cat. no. 90g31. iVIATSUMARU: J\lliogyJJSinids j?·om, Pen gh~~ Islands fJlate 3U M ,;T smvti\ rw <~ n d Kt) MI\Gi\ 1 photo. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 72, pp. 345-350, pl. 37, Dec. 30, 1968 546. CYLINDRICAL STRUCTURES FROM THE TATSUNOKUCHI FORMATION (EARLY MIYAGIAN) IN SENDAI CITY, MIYAGI PREFECTURE* KOTORA HAT AI and HIROSHI NODA Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 'I;\JJ,JU',1 illiJ~Ji~-rJ&flf,ff[iO) r=1 ~ ,£p:j ~~i~ktl!J ~;:-? v' -c : ltlttn!J 1lli IVJ',•:o,&.IWi~i:: o) 1=1 1\1 J:: fJ ilt U:: ~~~IJ. -N:-6 6-8 mm, [1[1I 1 mm :;kO)~Jip:J~;j.kVIJ:;:-?v'"Ct§l"iLt-f''5!' .:c-O)JFi'il§s"Jt;'H"f< J:: ::J 7 _,( ~ 1.7 ::ki§i'f:i8i:f ~;: JJi.llT .:S Callianassa major SAY ~lt:~ifr{L;• L "( v' ~~Cal~i~- nassa sp. O)~fl:Ti"C·ii;o .u,~~i,!Lt::, ;tm ;j:j: 'J' J}f:. • ~'f fll Xii PJ of the Tatsunokuchi Formation in the Introduction geologic column of the Sendai area is During stratigraphical work in the shown in Fig. 1 together with the strati ·sendai area the junior writer collected graphic position of the cylindrical speci from the lower part of the Tatsunokuchi mens in the sequence of rocks developed Formation (HANZAWA et al., 1953; HAT AI in the Sankyo-zawa velley. and 0KUTSU, 1941; SHIBATA, 1963) ex The Tatsunokuchi Formation is of posed in the small valley of Sankyo particular interest because of the yield zawa, a rock sample preserving many of a wide variety of fossils, such as ·short, rod-like cylindrical specimens in marine pelecypods, gastropods and sca association with an external mold of phopods (NOMURA, 1938; NOMURA and Tellina sendaica NOMURA (NOMURA, 1938, HAT AI, 1936; MASUDA, 1962; NODA, 1966; p. 263, pl. 34, figs. 1a, 1b), a small marine Y ABE and HAT AI, 1940), shallow water bivalve. marine crabs (NAGAO, 1940), benthonic From the association of the marine foraminifers (T AKAY ANAGI, 1950), whale bivalve and also from the stratigraphic otoliths (HAT AI, HAY ASAKA and MASUDA, position of the peculiar shaped specimens 1963), shark-teeth (HAT AI, 1938; HAT AI, midbetween two marine shell beds (Fig. HAY ASAKA and MASUDA, 1963), elephant 1), it is proved that the rod-like speci teeth (MATSUMOTO, 1926; HAT AI, 1966), mens are of marine origin. The lower skull of Delphinus (not yet described or ·shell bed of the two just mentioned lies figured), plant remains as leaves, fruits, on the Kameoka Formation which is stems, pollen, etc. (Korw AI, 1914; OKu superjacent to the Mitaki Andesite; both TSU, 1955-with bibliography), marine shell beds belong to the Tatsunokuchi diatoms (HANZAW A et a[., 1953; SHIBATA, Formation. The stratigraphic position 1962), besides others, and many interest ing sedimentary structures (SHIBATA, * Received Sept. 28, 1968; read Sept. 22, 1962) occur in the Formation. Sand-pipes 1968 at Kanazawa. have also been described from the for- 345 346 Kotora HATAI and Hiroshi NODA COLUMNAR Age. Group Sendai and its vicinity SECTION ~~;(m LITHIC CHARACTER REMARKS p~~~; AOBAYAMA FORMATION Cross laminated TO_v<:,.c S-30m 6 coarse grained sand- DAINENJI FORMATION stone, conctomerote 30-t30m ' -.~·•:· :<:i:. Fine grained tuffa· • ...... :, ...... _..:: 2 ceous sandstone YAGIYAMA FORMATION Fine sandy tuff 20-30m 2 Panope etc: , z '{,: .. ;c·.,: ·-0'.': I Fine fuffacaous sands!. Sand oioe :·:0 Q. HIROSEGAWA TUFF 0.3 :.>hall bed <( :::J 15- 20m Fine grained tufla- Pellets of 0 * ;~·:· ;.:.<· ;.' ..'~':: 3 ceous sandstone Callianassa s~ (!) a: KITAYAMA FORMATION :cr,·.a :,cr. G-: e: C?' o. 7 Tuffaoeous sandstone (!) t- tOm Tuffaceous pebble <( Coarse grained sandS!. >- TATSUNOKUCHI FORMATION 2 <( 30-60m Pumiceous siltstone, tuff SilhtoTle 0 Lignite z KAMEO~ FORMATION !Pumiceous coarse ::E Sand pipe w 5 grained sandstone ~- ~-som ·.·_·,._,.·_·,,, ·,· (/) Pisolite MITAKI ANDESITE 200m 2 Sandy tuff Quartz-rich z Q. "' ...... ::. :::J . . ' Variagated Andesi tic :::J • <2 ., 4 I> L;) SHIRASAWA FORMATION 8 lapilli tuff, fine tuff 0 :.:>- 0 a: \ alternation 6 <( (!) 330m Fig. 1. Stratigraphic Sequence of the Formations and Columnar Section of the Rocks in the Sankyo-zawa Valley. mation (NOMURA and HATAI, 1937). The Tatsunokuchi sea being of the Paleogeographic features and maps of nature just mentioned was favorable for the Tatsunokuchi sea have been described the deposition of fine grained sediments by HANZAW A (1950). As to the geologic as silts to sandy silts in the larger part a·ge of the Tatsunokuchi Formation and of coarse grained sands and con several opinions have been expressed glomerates at certain marginal parts. (OTUKA, 1940; HAT AI, 1940; YABE and Areas of brackish water sediments and HAT AI, 1940 ; HANZA WA et a[., 1953; molluscs that can live under such condi HAT AI, 1966; ASANO and HAT AI, 1967). tions are also found at several marginal However, at the present time the geo parts of the Tatsunokuchi sea in the logic age is generally accepted as Early southwestern part of the Sendai area. Miyagian (HAT AI, 1962). And, from the Lignitic materials are common in certain paleogeography of the formation, it is marginal (SHIBATA, 1962) or local basinal accepted that the Tatsunokuchi sea dis areas of the paleo-sea. tributed along the eastern part of lwate, From the stratigraphical position as Miyagi and Fukushima Prefectures as well as undisturbed tuffaceous muddy well as the bordering area of the Kita sandstone preserving the simple shaped kami River in Iwate and Miyagi Prefec short rod-like specimens, it is thought tures, represented an embayment or in that the environment at the time of land sea widely operi. to the paleo-Pacific burial of the short cylinders must have Ocean at the central eastern part, where been quiet and the water depth shallow it had best connection with the open as will be stated later. sea. Cylindrical Structures 347 them from the fossil ones under con The Short Cylindrical Specimens sideration. Cylindrical faecal pellets almost indis Description.- The short cylindrical tinguishable from the present ones in specimens are all of nearly the same shape, arrangement, general size, and length, measuring from about 6 mm to other features, are the one figured by a maximum to 8 mm, and their diameter WEIMER and HOYT (1964). The rods is about 1 mm, although some are more figured by them are the faecal pellets of flattened than others. The rods are all Callianassa major SAY, a decapod crus straight with the terminal parts rather tacean living along the Atlantic coast of sharply rounded as if suddenly pinched. the United States of America. Accord The surfaces of the cylinders exhibit no ing to WEIMER and HOYT (1964, p. 762), particular markings and appear smooth. "Discharged water carries faecal pellets The cylinders are arranged parallel with to the surface where they collect around the bedding plane of the deposits and the burrow opening until removed by although the majority are scattered or waves and currents. The faecal pellets without definite orientation some are are cylindrical in shape averaging slight parallel with one another. These rods ly less than 1/16 inch in diameter and seem to have accumulated to a thickness 1/8 to 3/16 inch in length. Wave action of about several times their diameter. commonly concentrates the pellets along The rods are preserved in a tuffaceous the beach to form thin laryers of clay". and muddy sandstone. Although the fossil faecal pellets are Comparison and remarks.-Rod-shaped larger than the ones reported by WEI faecal pellets are known to be produced MER and HOYT, larger crustaceans may by several kinds of marine organisms have been the cause. In the case of the (MOORE, 1955), among which those of writer's specimens no burrow or sand the molluscs (ARAKAWA, 1962, 1963, 1965) pipe was found or noticed at the site of resemble the cylindrical structures under the fossil faecal pellets, possibly because consideration. ARAKAWA (1962) has pre the pellets may have been removed from sented a classification of the molluscan their original position and also to the faecal pellets. possibility that the burrow (sand-pipe) The faecal pellets of cylindrical shape may be preserved but was not visible made by most marine organisms are at the horizon of the pellets at the out characterized by their more or less crop of the formation. curved, irregularly extended, pinch-and The fossil faecal pellets are almost swell and not straight shapes, their ter indistinguishable from the Recent ones minal parts may be pinched-rounded, (WEIMER and HOYT, 1964), except for appear more or less squarely cut or at the size, and are considered to be of the times extended narrowly, and moreover, decapod crustacean genus Callianassa. there always seems to be some kind of This genus is most common of the dis sculpture on their surfaces, such as tribution of the genus in the Early spiral markings, longitudinal striations, Miyagian of Japan. pits, small triangular breaks at the sides, It should be stated that sand-pipes and these features which characterize occur in horizons both above and below most of the cylindrical faecal pellets of the one of the faecal pellets. The sand the invertebrates serve to distinguish pipes are rare in the fine grained tuff 348 Kotara HATAI and Hiroshi NODA superposed about three meters above that which yielded the pellets, whereas References in the lower about eight meters below the horizon of the faecal pellets the AMsTuTz, G. C., 1958-Coprolites: A Review pipes are more common. However, both of the Literature and a Study of Speci horizons with the sand-pipes just men mens from Southern Washington. jour. Sed. Petr., Vol. 28, No. 4, p. 498-508, 3 tioned are too remote from the faecal text-figs. pellet horizon to be considered their ARAKAWA, K. Y. (1962): A Coprological burrows. Sand-pipes are, however, quite Study on the Molluscan Faeces. A Pre common (NOMURA and HAT AI, 1937) at liminary Note. japan. jour. Malac_ places, being most abundant in the upper (Venus), Vol. 22, No.2, p. 151-172. part of the Tatsunokuchi Formation -- (1963) : Studies on the Molluscan Faeces where no crabs or other kinds of fossils (1). Pub!. Seta Mar. Bioi. Lab., Vol. 11. have been found, and also rather common No. 2, Art. 14, p. 185-208, 7 text-figs. at several localities of the middle and (Contr. Miyajima Aquarium Lab., No. 17) lower parts of the formation. The sand -- (1965): Studies on the Molluscan Faeces pipes just mentioned are usually circular (2). Ibid., Vol. 13, No. 1, Art. 1, p. 1-21, 5 text-figs., 6 pis. in crosssection, generally rather straight AsANo, K. and HAT AI, K. (1967): Micro- and or with only gentle pinching or swellings Macropaleontological Tertiary Correla along the length, fairly long and some tions within Japanese Islands and with times rather short ones are found. Planktonic Foraminiferal Sequences of Whether the sand-pipes were made by Foreign Countries. Tert. Cor. Clim. the genus Callianassa or by some other Changes in the Pacific, p. 77-87, 2 tables kind of decapod crustacean or marine (Edited by K. HATAI). organism remains to be settled by future HANZAWA, S. (1950): Tertiary Paleogeogra study. phy of North Japan. Short Papers, Inst. IMAIZUMI (1967) described from a silt Geol. Pal., Tohoku Univ., No. 2, p. 74-98, 4 figs. stone of the middle or lower part of the --, HATAI, K., IwAr, ]., KITAMURA, N. and Tatsunokuchi Formation exposed in the SHIBATA, T. (1953): The Geology of Tatsunokuchi gorge, many foot-prints Sendai and its Environs. Sci. Rep., To which he stated to belong to crabs such hoku Univ., Ser. 2, Geol., Vol. 25, p. 1-50, as Helice tridens tridens (DE HAAN). 4 charts, 2 geol. maps, 14 tables. These fossil foot-prints were compared HATAI, K. (1938): A Review of the Fossil by lMAIZUMI with foot-prints of crabs Cirripedia and Shark-Teeth from the Re left on dried sand or silt and with the gion of Northeast Honsyil, Japan. Bull.. linear and 'scratches left on wet silt of Biogeogr. Soc. japan, Vol. 8, No. 15, p. 95- the intertidal zone. As crabs occur from 102. the formation (NAGAO, 1940) the preser -- (1939): Plio-Pleistocene Versus Lower Pliocene Age for the Tatsunokuchi Beds vation of foot-prints is to be expected Developed in Sendai and its Environs,. should the conditions be favorable. How Rikuzen Prov., Northeast Honsyil, Japan. ever, no sand-pipes or faecal pellets have japan. jour. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 16, No. 4,. been recorded from the locality where p. 239-243. either the crab or its foot-prints were -- (1941): Sundry Notes on the Japanese found. Pliocene (1). Ibid., Vol. 18, Nos. 1-2, p. 79-86. -- (1962) : Mizuho-To. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Cylindrical Structures 349 Univ., Ser. 2, Geol., Spec. Vol., No. 5, p. Crab from the Tatunokuti Bed of Sendai, 329-348. Miyagi Prefecture. jour. Fa c. Sci., Hok -- (1966) : The Stratigraphic Position of kaido Imp. Univ., Ser. 4, Vol. 6, No. 1, p. Trilophodon sendaicus MATSUMOTO in the 69-73, 1 pl. Mizuho-T6 of Sendai City, Miyagi Pre NonA, H. (1966) : The Cenozoic Arcidae of fecture. Saito Ho-on Kai Mus., Res. Bull., Japan. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Univ., Ser. 2, No. 35, p. 1-10, 1 pl. Geol., Vol. 38, No.1, p. 1-160, 16 text-figs., --, HAYASAKA, S. and MASUDA, K. (1963): 35 tables, 14 pis. Some Fossil Tympanies from the Mizuho NoMuRA, S. (1938) : Molluscan Fossils from Period of Northern Japan. Ibid., No. 32, the Tatunokuti Shell-Bed Exposed at p. 5-13, 1 table, 2 pis. Goroku in the Western Border of Sendai. -- and OKuTsu, H. (1941) : A Review of Sci. Rep., Tohoku Imp. Univ., Ser. 2, Geol., the Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Vol. 19, No.2, p. 235-275, pis. 33-36 (refer Tertiary Deposits of Sendai and the to p. 263, pl. 34, figs. 1a, 1b). Environs, Miyagi-ken, Northeast Honsyu, -- and HAT AI, K. (1936): On Some Species Japan. Part 1. A Review of the Strati of the Genus Area from the Neogene of graphy. japan. jour. Geol. Geogr., Vol. Northeast Honsyfi, Japan. japan. jour. 18, No. 3, p. 88-96. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 13, Nos. 1-2, p. 63-70, IMAIZUMI, R. (1963): Historical Review of pis. 12-13. the Fossil Decapoda of Japan. Kokaku --and -- (1937): Preliminary Notes on rui no Kenkyu (Studies on Crustacea), Some Sand-pipes. Saito Ho-on Kai Mus., No. 1, p. 1-9, 2 text-figs. Res. Bull., No. 13, p. 147-153, 2 figs. -- (1967) : On some Lebensspuren from 0KUTSU, H. (1955) : On the Stratigraphy and the Tatsunokuchi Formation at Tatsuno Paleobotany of the Cenozoic Plant Beds kuchi Gorge, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture. of the Sendai Area. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Papers in Commemoration of Doctor HA Univ., Ser. 2, Geol., Vol. 26, p. 1-144, 34 YASAKA's Seventy-seventh Birthday, p. text-figs., 14 tables, 8 pis. 205-210, 3 text-figs., pl. 17. OTuKA, Y. (1940) : On the Geologic Age of KoiWAI, K. (1914): Notes on a Plant Bed the Sendai Series, Northeast Honsyfi, Exposed at Sanjunin-machi in Sendai. Japan. japan. jour. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 17, jour. Geol. Soc. japan. Vol. 21, No. 255, Nos. 1-2, p. 101-103. p. 35-39. SHIBATA, T. (1962): Geology of the Sendai KoRNICKER, L. S. (1962) : Evolutionary and Nanakita-Sanbongi Areas, Miyagi Trends among Mollusk Faecal Pellets. Prefecture. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Univ., Ser. jour. Paleont., Vol. 36, No. 4, p. 829-834. 2, Vol. 34, No. 3, p. 239-301, 4 tables, 6 MASUDA, K. (1962) : Tertiary Pectinidae of text-figs., pis. 17-26. Japan. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Univ., Ser. 2, TAKAYANAGI, Y. (1950): Pliocene Smaller Geol., Vol. 33, No.2, p. 117-238, pis. 18-27, Foraminifera from Western Sendai. Short 11 text-figs. Papers, Inst. Geol. Pal., Tohoku Univ., MATSUMOTO, H. (1926) : On Two New No. 2, p. 23-28, 6 figs. Mastodonts and an Archetypal Stegodont WEIMER, R. J. and HoYT, J. H. (1962) : Cal of Japan. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Imp. Univ., lianassa major Burrows, Geologic Indica Ser. 2, Geol., Vol. 10, No. 1, p. 6-9, pis. tors of Littoral and Shallow Neritic En 3-4. vironments (Abstract). Geol. Soc. Amer., MooRE, H. B. (1955) : Faecal Pellets in Re Spec. Paper 168, p. 321. lation to Marine Deposits, in Recent Sedi -- and -- (1964) : Burrows of Callianassa ments (Edited by P. D. TRASK). Soc. major SAY, Geologic Indicators of Littoral Econ. Pal. Min., Spec. Publ., No. 4, p. 516- and Shallow Neritic Environments. jour. 524, 1 text-fig. Paleont., Vol. 38, No.4, p. 761-767, 2 text NAGAO, T. (1940): On a New Brachyura figs., pl. 123-124. 350 Kotora HATAI and Hiroshi NODA YABE, H. and HATAI, K. (1940): A Note on gene Deposits of Japan. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Pecten (Fortipecten, subg. nov.) takahashii Imp. Univ., Ser. 2, Geol., Vol. 21, No.2, p. YoKOYAMA and Its Bearing on the Neo- 147-160, pls. 34-35. Tatsunokuchi ~O)p Iwate :5 =¥- Mitaki ~~ Miyagi '[!!; JpJI. Kameoka Fukushima riil lih * lllll .A Sankyo-zawa ::::mTR Sendai f~l p Explanation to Plate 37 Figs. 1, 2. Faecal pellets of Callianassa sp. IGPS. coli. cat. no, 90766, from the Tatsunokuchi Formation at Sankyo-zawa, Sendai City. Fig. 1. Broad view of the fossil specimens as entombed in the marine sediments. Fig. 2. An enlarged view (ca. x4) of Fig. 1. Note the long cylindrical shape of the specimens and their mode of accumulation. HATAI and NODA: Cylindrical St?·uctures Plate 87 2 KuMAGA 1 photo. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 72, pp. 351-362, pls. 38, 39, Dec. 30, 1968 547. SANDPIPES PENETRATING IGNEOUS ROCKS IN THE ENVIRONS OF SEND AI, JAPAN* KOICHIRO MASUDA n"epartment of Geology, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai fU!f=i'Ni!I:O) *)J)(;!G$ O).Jt :/ r' --~ 1 7': ~1LFlii:)(Jl!Z!fif;:~J-=tL -t ::S c U-.J:, JJl1:, 11::.1JcJI~ f;: UE:*:& < 9 Introduction decay to make sandpipes. In the Recent seas the rocks into which The holes made by boring organisms the shells bore are usually soft ones such and preserved in the bed rock in the as the sedimentary rocks in the tidal geological column indicate that such zone, though rarely the shells bore into organisms once lived in the environment concrete, brick, gneiss, etc. (AMEMIY A and probably also in the one in which and 0HSHIMA, 1933, YONGE, 1949, 1951, they were buried. For this reason those SUYAMA and UTASHIRO, 1955, TURNER, organisms are interesting and important 1954, MENZIES, 1957, etc.). Consequently, to interpret the environmental conditions the sandpipes due to the boring shells of the area at the time they lived. are usually found in sedimentary rocks Among the borers the bivalve molluscs, (mostly of the Tertiary) such as sand commonly referred to as boring shells, stone, mudstone or shale (UozuMI and are the largest and most specialized rock FUJIE, 1956, WATANABE and liJIMA, 1959, borers. The holes made by the boring MASUDA and TAKEZAWA, 1961, lTOIGAWA, shells usually show very conspicuous and 1963a, b, KASENO and MATSUURA, 1964, specialized features and are easily dis ADEGOKE, 1966). tinguishable from those of other boring Several years ago the writer discovered organisms. Usually their holes are filled many sand-filled burrows, commonly re with the sediments after their death and ferred to as sandpipe, in the igneous * Received September 28, 1968; read at the rocks in the vicinity of Watari-machi, 99th meeting of the Society at Sendai, June Watari-gun, Miyagi Prefecture in the 22, 1968. southern border of Sendai City. Sub- 351 352 Koichiro MASUDA sequently, Ken-ichi KUMAGAI and Ren (text-fig. 1). Taking this opportunity the taro TAKEZAWA collected numerous sand characteristics of the boring shells and pipes from the igneous rocks exposed in their sandpipes in the igneous rocks are the vicinity of Kita-Akaishi, Sendai; described and their geological signifi these were offered to the writer for cances discussed. examination. The present record of boring shells in An examination of these sandpipes igneous rocks may be the first both fos revealed that they were probably made sil and Recent. Therefor~, it is expected by boring shells, as their morphological that the Recent boring shells will be features were quite similar with those found in igneous rocks and that igneous made by Recent boring shells. However, rock boulders with holes of boring shells because of their preservation, the kind will be found in geological formations of boring shells responsible for them other than reported in this article. could not be determined. Lately the writer examined numerous sandpipes some of which contained the Acknowledgements boring shells within the igneous rocks Appreciation is expressed to Professor developed in the environs of Sendai Kotora HATAI of the Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, for his advice during the course of the present study and for reading the manuscript, to Dr. Tadashige HABE of the National Science Museum in Tokyo, for his valuable suggestions, and to Messrs. Ken-ichi KuMAGAI of the Fuzoku Middle School of the Miyagi University of Education, Rentaro TAKE ZAW A of the Hachiken Middle School of Sendai and Nobutaka WATANABE of the Ohara Middle School of 0 jika-machi, for their help during the present work. Outlines of Geology The Miocene marine strata distributed in the environs of Sendai are classified into the Takadate Andesite, Hatatate and Tsunaki formations (SHIBATA, 1962) in ascending order. Text-fig. 1. Locality map. 1, Dodokoro, The Takadate Andesite comprises two Izumi-machi; 2, Kashikobuchi, Sendai City; 3, Hagurodai, Sendai City ; 4, Kamegamori. pyroxene andesite, hyperthene, augite Sendai City; 5, Minami-Akaishi, Sendai and hornblende andesite, augite andesite, City; 6, Kita-Akaishi, Sendai City; 7, Naka dacite, tuff breccia, volcanic breccia, yachi, Sendai City; 8, Ashitate, Murata lapilli tuff, etc. The volcanic rocks occur machi; 9, Shimogori, Watari-machi. as lava flows or dikes. 547. Sandpipes Penetrating Igneous Rocks 353 The Hatatate Formation consists of corals, balanids, bryozoans, brachiopods conglomerate, coarse- to fine-grained and foraminifers are common in the sandstone, tuffaceous fine-grained sand member. Molluscs, sponges, foraminifers, stone, tuffaceous siltstone and an alter etc. are found in the fine-grained sand nation of tuffaceous sandstone and silt stone and siltstone of the Hatatate For stone in ascending order. The lower mation proper. The holes of the boring part of conglomerate and coarse-grained shells are found in the volcanic rocks of sandstone is called the Moniwa Member the Takadate Andesite and in the ande (HAT AI, 1960) ; its thickness varies as site boulders or cobbles in the conglom shown in text-fig. 2. Molluscs, echinoids, erate of the Moniwa Member. 2 3 4 5 6 7 -----~-.:., . /vv ~MT~~t~~::;;~-- ~ ~ ~~~,;' --~~,:--- _::-_------~ -~------/ v v / ~ ""' \ / ', / v: ~ ', / / ' ...... / / / [:M \ '>A/ // 10 Text-fiig. 2. Columnar sections of the Moniwa Member of the Hatatate Formation. H, Hatatate Formation proper; M, Moniwa Member of the Hatatate Formation; T, Takadate Andesite; 1, Minami-Akaishi; 2, Kita-Akaishi; 3, Kamegamori; 4, Moniwa; 5, Hagurodai; 6, Kumanod6; 7. Shimog6ri. The Hatatate Formation is overlain Andesite of a roadside cutting at Kita with conformity by the Tsunaki Forma Akaishi in Sendai City, in the augite tion of conglomerate, sandstone, tuff andesite lava near a tunnel of the Joban breccia, etc. Bore-holes are also found Railway Line at Shimogori, Watari-machi, in the andesite or dacite boulders in the south of Sendai and also in the two conglomerate of the Tsunaki Formation pyroxene andesite lava near Ashitate, and its equivalent Nanakita Formation. Murata-machi, southwest of Sendai. At Minami-Akaishi the Moniwa Mem Occurrence of Sandpipe ber is composed of cross-bedded granule conglomerate to very coarse-grained As mentioned above the boring shell sandstone sometimes with huge andesite sandpipes occur in the hard lava flows boulders which lies with very irregular and dikes of the Takadate Andesite and eroded surface on the dacite. Usually in the igneous rock boulders of the con the sandpipes are found more commonly glomerate of the Moniwa Member of the on the marginal surface than on the Hatatate Formation, Tsunaki Formation upper surface. The sandpipes extend 10 and some of their correlatives. to 45 mm down into the underlying hard The sandpipes in hard rock commonly dacite. They are arranged in almost occur in the dacite of the Takadate An upright position, open at the top, regu desite at a roadside cutting at Minami larly and broadly rounded at the base, Akaishi in Sendai City, in the two and none were observed to intercept pyroxene andesite dike of the Takadate another. 354 Koichiro MASUDA No molluscs or other kinds of fossils which is composed of sponges and brachi were found in the overlying sediments, opods bearing conglomeratic, coarse- to but ill-preserved boring shell remains medium-grained tuffaceous sandstone are usually found in the fig-like shaped with huge andesite boulder, unconforma sandpipes. The majority of the sand bly overlies the andesite lava of the pipes have their upper parts eroded Takadate Andesite. The bore-holes of away and covered by the overlying the molluscs occur in the irregular sur layers, thus only their lower parts are face of the andesite lava and all have preserved without remains of the original their upper parts partly eroded away boring shell. The incomplete bore-holes by the overlying sediments. are often occupied by hard bottom Another type of sandpipes is observed dwelling molluscs such as Barbatia, in the andesite boulders of the lower Phlyctiderma and Jrus. Also molluscan part of the Moniwa Member. These shell fragments, corals, bryozoans and sandpipes are found at Kita-Akaishi, worm tubes are sometimes found in the Nakayachi, Kamegamori and Hagurodai holes. Moreover, the worm tubes some all in Sendai City and at Shimogori in times occur attached to the walls of the Watari-machi and Ashitate in Murata small cracks or cavities in the dacite. machi. The sandpipes are usually found The andesite dike cutting the Taka on the upper surface of the boulders but date Andesite is covered with uncon sometimes also on the basal parts. formity by the Moniwa Member at Kita The sandpipes from Kita-Akaishi are Akaishi. At this locality the Moniwa usually of fig-shape and retain the boring Member is composed of pebble conglom shells within, but those from the other erate with a few boulders penetrated localities all have their upper parts sporadically by the boring shells at the eroded and are jar- to dish-shape and do lower part but the sediments tend to not preserve the boring shell. become finer upwards. Numerous deep The holes bored into andesite or dacite to shallow dish-shaped burrows are found boulders are also found from the con in the irregular surface of the ~andesite glomerate of the Tsunaki Formation and dike. No boring shells were found in from the conglomerate of the lowermost the bore-holes. They occur in almost part of the Nanakita Formation in the upright position and extend about 10 mm northern border of Sendai. down into the andesite dike. The sandpipes in the eroded surface of andesite at Shimogori all have their Description of Boring Shell upper parts eroded away by the over Family Pholadidae lying granule to conglomeratic very coarse-grained sandstone with some huge Genus Pholadidea TURTON, 1819 andesite boulders and cobbles. The sand pipes occur in almost upright position Pholadidea sp. and they are shallow dish-like in shape. Pl. 38, figs. 5a-c, 6 The sediments overlying the coarse clas tics may be equivalent to a part of the Medium in size, oblong, moderately Hatatate Formation from stratigraphic inflated; separated into two parts by relations, though no fossils were found. distinct, narrow, nearly straight, oblique Near Ashitate the Moniwa Member furrow running from beak to ventral 547. Sandpipes Penetrating Igneous Rocks 355 margin; posterior part longer than an 1) Sandpipe from Minami-Akaishi terior, gradually becoming slender to The nearly perfectly preserved sand wards rounded posterior margin, sculp pipes are small, fig-like in shape, and tured with coarse concentric lines; retain the original boring shell. The anterior part rather distinctly separated boring shells have very little freedom of into two parts, anterior half sculptured movement in their tight burrow. The with somewhat imbricated radiating rib bore-holes usually are filled with rather lets and concentric lines and rather poorly sorted sandstone, being in general smooth callum. of very coarse-grained sandstone in the inner part and with a tendency of Dimensions (in mm).- becoming grained finer outwards. But Height 22 23.5 17 when the upper parts of the sandpipes Length 35.5 are worn away the contents of the bore Thickness 22 22 19 hole usually consist of poorly sorted very Remarhs.-The specimens are not well coarse-grained sandstone with subangular preserved but their preserved characters granules, shell fragments or rarely with serve to identify them with the genus coral fragments. The inner surface of Pholadidea. In general features they the bore-holes is usually rather smooth resemble Pholadidea (Penitella) kamaku but sometimes faint impressions are rensis (YOKOYAMA), a Recent species of visible. The uppermost parts of the Japan, but the naming is held until holes are subcircular in section with di better preserved specimens are obtained. ameters of 8 to 11 mm ; the diameter From Pholadidea lwtakae KANNO and varies according to the state of preser MATSUNO described from the lower part vation. The length of the holes varies of the Miocene Chikubetsu Formation in with the state of preservation but usu Hokkaido (KANNO and MATSUNO, 1960) ally measures 33 to 45 mm. The holes the present ones can be distinguished gradually expand towards the lower end by the smaller size and narrow anterior and usually attain 20 to 24 mm in diam part. eter near the base, but sometimes exceed Usually, after attaining full size Phola 26 mm. The profile of the sand pipes didea ceases to bore. Therefore, it is near the base is subcircular. The longi evident that the described specimen tudinal axis of the burrows is usually having a callum has attained full size. bent irregularly. Locality, geological formation and age. River floor of the Natori-gawa, Kita 2) Sandpipe from Kita-Akaishi Akaishi, Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture. At Kita-Akaishi the sandpipes are Moniwa Member of the Hatatate Forma found in the andesite boulders of the tion. Early Miocene. basal part of the Moniwa Member on the river floor of the Natori-gawa. Sand Description of Sandpipe pipes-bearing huge boulders are rather rare in the conglomerate. They are found So far as examined the numerous sand in the andesite dikes cutting the Taka pipes found in the igneous rocks from date Andesite. The burrows in the an the environs of Sendai are all sand-filled desite boulders are rather well preserved bore-holes made by Pholadidea. Their and contain the original boring shell, morphological features are as follows. none were found in the underlying vol- 356 Koichiro MASUDA Table 1. Loc. Length Max. diameter Min. diameter (in mm.) A 33.5 22.5 11 A 43 24.5 10 A 38 18 8 A 45 21. 5 9 A 39 20.5 9 A 40.5 23 A 20 22 A 36 26 A 25 13 A 37 21.5 A 28 19 A 40 26.5 A 27 18 A 28 18 A 25 13 B 49.5 23.5 8.5 B 49.5 25.5 9.5 B 38 21. 5 6.5 B 36 23 7 B 50 28 B 51.5 27.5 9.5 B 40 28 B 42 25.5 c 26 c 50 25 10 A: Minami-Akaishi (basement) ; B: Kita-Akaishi (boulder) ; C: Kashiko-buchi (boulder). carrie breccia and tuff breccia. The bur Akaishi, except for the somewhat larger rows are filled with the calcareous coarse size (Table 1). Their longitudinal axis to very coarse-grained sandstone the is usually bent irregularly and sometimes same as the cementing materials of the twisted extremely. conglomerate. Sometimes crystallized cal As the bore-holes in the andesite dikes cite occurs in small cavities at the lower have their upper parts eroded away, they part of the sandpipes. The contents of are shallow dish-like in shape and con the well preserved sandpipes as well as tain poorly sorted very coarse- to coarse those lacking their upper parts are grained sandstone with some subangular analogous to the ones from Minami granules. Akaishi as already described. No organ isms seem to have occupied the bore 3) Sandpipe from Shimogori holes after death of the original boring The sandpipes from Shimogori occur shell. in the eroded surface of the andesite The morphological features of the lava of the Takadate Andesite and also burrows from the present locality are in the andesite boulders or rarely in the nearly the same as those from Minami- large andesite cobbles of the conglomer- 547. Sandpipes Penetrating Igneous Rocks 357 ate of the Moniwa Member of the Hata shell. The largest diameter of the lower tate Formation. They all have their end measured 26 mm. The morphological upper parts eroded away and are shallow characters of burrows are quite similar dish-like in shape, therefore, the original to those from the Moniwa Member. The boring shells are not observed within. burrows are filled with poorly sorted The lower end of the burrows in the very coarse-grained sandstone with sub basement rocks have subcircular profile angular granules or pebbles. No fossil <>f 25 mm or a little more in diameter. shells were found in either the burrows No fossil shells or worm tubes were or conglomerate. found in the sand-filled burrows. 7) Sandpipe from the Nanakita Forma 4) Sandpipe from Ashitate tion Near Ashitate numerous sandpipes Sandpipes in the andesite and dacite are found in the huge andesite boulders boulders of the con.glomerate of the cemented by the conglomeratic, coarse Nanakita Formation are very common to medium-grained, tuffaceous sandstone in the vicinity of Dodokoro, Izumi-machi, <>f the Moniwa Member. Burrows are north of Sendai City. All of them are found in the andesite lava of the Taka filled with very coarse-grained sandstone date Andesite but their details are un with some subangular granules. Some known, because their upper parts have times the original boring shell is found been eroded away and they are all within but most have their upper parts dish-like in shape. The sandpipes con eroded. The boring shell remains in the tain poorly sorted sandstone. sandpipes are not well preserved. The morphological characters of the burrows 5) Sandpipe from the other localities of are quite similar to those from the Mo Moniwa Member niwa Member. The sandpipes from Nakayachi, Kame gamori and Hagurodai occur in huge Remarks andesite boulders of the conglomerate, all have their upper parts eroded and are From the characteristics of the sand associated with other molluscs. They pipes found in the igneous rocks in the are jar- to dish-like in shape and their environs of Sendai it can be said that, morphological features are similar to (1) they are fig-like in shape when well those already described. preserved and jar- to dish-like in shape when their upper parts are eroded, (2) 6) Sand pipe from the Tsunaki Formation they occur in almost upright position, The sandpipes from the Tsunaki For open at the top and gradually expanding mation occur in the andesite and dacite towards the rounded basal part, (3) the boulders of the conglomerate at Kashiko diameter of the lower part usually ex buchi in the western margin of Sendai ceeds twice that at the top, (4) the pre City. Most of them have their upper sent sandpipes in the igneous rocks from parts eroded and thus are jar- to dish the different localities show nearly the like in shape. Some rather well pre same morphological characters; they are served ones attain about 50 mm in length all considered to have been made by the and have irregularly bent longitudinal genus Pholadidea, (5) the longitudinal axis. None retained the original boring axis of the burrows is usually bent and 358 Koichiro MASUDA sometimes even twisted extremely, (6) Similarly, the burrows occurring in the the sandpipes usually contain rather basement rocks of the Takadate Ande poorly sorted coarse-grained sandstone site are found more commonly on the when the original shell is retained, but marginal surface than the upper. The of generally very coarse-grained sand frequent occurrence of many small stone in the inner part and somewhat cracks or cavities on the marginal sur finer ones outwards; the imperfect bore face of andesite and dacite favors the holes contain poorly sorted very coarse settling of the veligers to these rocks. grained sandstone with subangular After the veligers of the boring shells granules throughout. settled in the cavities of relatively soft Small pits produced by honeycomb weathered surface or of the hard parts of weathering somewhat resemble the pre the rocks they begin boring. Differential sent burrows but they can be distin weathering of the rocks results in the guished from the present ones by pos different natures of the rocks such as sessing a rim bordering the cavity and hardness or texture, which are not al by the non-uniform morphological fea ways uniform throughout the rock body. tures. Therefore, when boring into the un It is· interesting to notice that the weathered hard parts by mechanical sandpipes in the igneous rocks are dif action, the shells had to change their ferent from those in the sedimentary boring direction towards the relatively rocks in several features. With regard softer parts. Thus, it appears that the to the boring method of the boring shells longitudinal axis may have been twisted it is believed at present that all mem extremely. bers of the Pholadidae bore into the TuRNER (op. cit.) stated that "when rocks by purely mechanical means (TuR they are boring into a harder rock such NER, op. cit., MORTON, 1964). Therefore, as gneiss, there must be some elements it is considered that the lithological in the rocks which are softer than the characters of the volcanic rocks may be shell itself or else the rocks must be of responsible for the irregularly bending a friable nature". Considering from the of the longitudinal axis. The smaller general features of the present burrows size of the burrows in the volcanic rocks occurring in the volcanic rocks it is compared with those in the soft sidimen evident that the genus Pholadidea can tary rocks may be largely due to the bore by purely mechanical means into hardness, composition and texture of the the igneous rocks. Therefore, it seems volcanic rocks. That the burrows in the that the boring activity of the genus andesite are somewhat larger in size Pholadidea is not hindered by the com than those in the dacite may be ex position of the rocks. It is believed that plained, at least in part, by the differ the Recent Pholadidea can bore into erences in their lithological characters. igneous or metamorphic rocks and that The veligers of the boring shells after such kind will be found. becoming attached to the rocks begin As mentioned in the earlier lines num boring and with growth the holes become erous burrows were found commonly in larger. In the Recent seas the boring the andesite boulders but not in the shells are commonly found on the side small cobbles or pebbles. In the Recent or marginal surface of the sedimentary seas the boring shells are found com rocks more than on the upper surface. monly in boulders to large cobbles but 547. Sandpipes Penetrating Igneous Rocks 359 not in small cobbles or pebbles. This the holes made by the boring shells after may be related with the movements of the mollusc died, therefore they are not the gravels. That is to say, because the found in the burrows in which the small gravels are easily moved by water original boring shells are preserved. As action, the veligers of the boring shells the holes in the volcanic rocks \'/ere would have little chance for settling. originally bored by Pholadidea, it is Holes of boring shells are sometimes evident that Barbatia, Phlyctidenna and found in large cobbles at Shimog6ri but Jrus are subsequent occupants. elsewhere they are usually found in ones With regard to the boring action larger than cobbles. Rarely the burrows of the genus Jrus UT ASHIRO (1961) has are found both on the upper surface and discussed in detail and pointed out that on the basal part of the boulders but it can bore holes in mudstone. But from usually they are not found on the basal the facts mentioned above Jrus can not part. At Shimog6ri the burrows are be considered to have originally bored found to occur on the upper surface of holes into the igneous rocks. Similarly, the boulders and large cobbles and none worms, bryozoans, etc. that were found were observed on the basal parts. At in the holes are apparently subsequent Kita-Akaishi, Nakayachi and Kamega occupants. mori a few burrows were found on the When the bore-holes are excellent in basal part of small boulders. preservation their contents usually con The presence of bore-holes on the up sist of rather poorly sorted sandstone, per and lower surfaces of the boulders being generally very coarse-grained in can be explained as follows. During the inner part and somewhat fine out some time the boulders or large cobbles wards. Such differences in grain size must have been exposed on the sea bot have already been pointed out by HATAI tom, and this favored the settling of the (1938) and MASUDA and TAKEZAWA (op. boring shells. Therefore, the presence cit.). HATAI, in the case of sandpipes of burrows on both the upper surface due to crustaceans, stated that the coarse and basal part of the boulders indicates sediments are on the outer surface and that the boulders may have been sub finest at the core. HATAI'S sandpipe jected to the action of currents or waves from the Byoritsu Formation in Formosa by which each surface was reversed to is known as Ophiomorpha. On the other allow the settling of the veligers which hand, the writer and TAKEZAWA have later made the bore-holes. Boulders or pointed out that in the sandpipes con cobbles with the burrows only on the taining Barnea (Umitalwa) japonica (Yo upper surface suggests that they remain KOYAMA) from the Pliocene Yagiyama ed stationary on the sea bottom. The Formation at Sendai City the coarse mode of occurrences of the bore-hole sediments are in the inner part and finer bearing boulders or cobbles in the geo ones at the outer part. logical formations may give some clue for the interpretation of the environ Geological Significance mental conditions at the time of deposi tion. The burrows of the boring shells Sometimes Barbatia, Phlyctiderma and penetrating the basement rocks of the Jrus are found in the sandpipes which Neogene sedimentaries are found in the lack their upper parts. They occupied dacite and andesite lavas and in the 360 Koichiro MASUDA andesite dikes of the Takadate Andesite. they may interfingers with one another. The majority of them have their upper That is to say, it is evident that the parts eroded irregularly by the overly Takadate Andesite in the western and ing Moniwa Member of the Hatatate southwestern regions and also in the Formation. From the occurrences of the southeastern part have been uplifted burrows made by the boring shells it is and eroded before the major transgres evident that the intertidal zone of the sion of the Moniwa sea. rocky shores consisted of volcanic rocks It appears that the variation of the in the vicinities of Kita-Akaishi, Minami thickness of the Moniwa Member may Akaishi, Ashitate and Shimog6ri. From have relation with the relief of the sea the preserved conditions of the burrows bottom at the time of deposition. This and of the sediments developed in those inference is based upon, as shown in areas, it is thought that strong waves or text-fig. 2, the thickness of the Moniwa currents may have prevailed. Member is generally less in the vicinities With regard to the stratigraphic rela of Kita-Akaishi, Minami-Akaishi, Ashi tions between the Takadate Andesite tate and Shimog6ri and also in the vic and Moniwa Formation, HANZAWA et ini ties of Kamegamori and Hagurodai at. (1953) have pointed out that the Mo than in the other regions. In these areas niwa interfingers with the Takadate. the burrows of the boring shells are But 0IDE (1961) and SHIBATA (1962) have found to occur in the volcanic rocks of pointed out that the relation between the Takadate Andesite and in the bould them is an unconformity in the western ers of the Moniwa Member. Therefore, region and that they interfinger with each it is considered that the areas in which other in the eastern region in the en occur the boulders or cobbles bored by virons of Sendai. the boring shells may have been influ From the accounts given in the earlier enced by the activity of waves or cur lines the writer considers that the Mo rents. As the sea bottom of the Taka niwa Member overlies the Takadate date Andesite may have been very irre Andesite with unconformity in the gular, the low or deeper parts were western and southwestern regions and covered by coarse-grained sediments and also in the vicinity of Shimog6ri in the the high or shallower parts may have southeastern part but in other regions been exposed, but with the progress of Explanation of Plate 38 Figs. 1-4. Sandpipes collected from the andesite boulder of the Moniwa Member of Hatatate Formation, x 1. Loc. River floor of the Natori-gawa, Kita-Akaishi, Sendai City. Figs. 5a-c, 6. Pholadidea sp. x 1. a, right valve, b, left valve, c, dorsal view. 6, dorsal view. Loc. Same as above. Fig. 7. Pholadidea kamakurensis (YoKoYAMA), x 1. Left valve. Loc. Ohya, Motoyoshi-machi, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture (from a Permian calcareous slate boulder). Recent. Fig. 8. Phlyctiderma sp. x 1. Loc. Roadside cutting at Minami-Akaishi, Sendai City (from the burrow of the boring shells). Fig. 9. Unconformity between the dacite of the Takadate Andesite and the conglomerate of the Moniwa Member of the Hatatate Formation. Loc. Same as above. Fig. 10. Burrows found on the plane of uncomformity. Loc. Same as above. MASUDA: Sanclpipes Penetmting rgneous Rocks Plate 38 la 7 547. Sandpipes Penetrating Igneous Rocks 361 transgression and deepening of the basin Bivalves and their Burrows from the Mi the sediments became finer upwards. zunami Group, Central Japan. jour. Earth The fossil localities of the Moniwa Sci., Nagoya Univ., Vol. 11, No.1, pp. 101- marine fauna are very widely distributed 123, pis. 1-7, 5 text-figs. and their fossil assemblages are very KANNO, S. and MATSUNO, K. (1960): Mol luscan Fauna from " the Chikubetsu For ·different among the localities (NOMURA, mation", Hokkaido, Japan. jour. Geol. 1940, OYAMA, 1954). Therefore, it is Soc. japan, Vol. 66, No. 772, pp. 35-45, pl. evident that these differences in the 4-5, 2 text-figs., 1 table. fossil assemblages may have been due KAsExo, Y. and MATSUURA, N. (1964) : Fos to the differences in the environmental sil Boring Shells found on the U neon conditions at the time of deposition. formable Surface below the Omma For mation (Pliocene) near Kanazawa City, References Japan (in Japanese). Ibid., Vol. 70, No. 831, pp. 565-571, pl. 3, 7 text-figs. ADEGOKE, 0. S. (1966): Silicified Sand-pipes MASUDA, K. (1968): Life Tracks in the belonging to Chaceia ( ?) (Phaladidae: Igneous Rock from the Environs of Sendai Martesiinae) from the Late Miocene of (in Japanese). Ibid., Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. California. The Veliger, Vol. 9, No. 2, 111-112. pp. 233-235, pl. 21. -- and TAKEGAWA, H. (1965): Remarks .AMEMIYA, I. and OsHIMA, Y. (1933): On on the Miocene Molluscs from the Sennan Rock-boring Pelecypods (in Japanese). District, Miyagi Prefecture, Northeast Bot. Zool., Vol. 1, No. 9, pp. 1271-1282, Honshu, Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Mus., text-figs. 1-20. Res. Bull., No. 34, pp. 1-14, pis. 1-2, 1 -- and -- (1933) : Note on the Habitat text-fig., 2 tables. of Rock-boring Molluscs on the Coast of -- and TAKEZAWA, R. (1961): On an Central Japan. Proc. Imp. Acad. (Tokyo), Interesting Sand-pipe from the Environs Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 120-123. of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Northeast EvANS, J. W. (1967): A Re-Interpretation Honshu, Japan. Ibid., No. 30, pp. 39-64, of the Sand-pipes Described by ADEGOKE. 1 pl., 1 text-fig. The Veliger, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 174-175, MENZIEs, R. J. (1957): Marine Borers. Trea pl. 17. tise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology, HANZAWA, S., HAT AI, K., IWAI, }., KITAMURA, Geol. Soc. Am., Mem. 67, Vol. 1, pp. 1029- N. and SHIBATA, T. (1953): The Geology 1034. of Sendai and its Environs. Sci. Rep., MoRTON, J. E. (1964) : Locomotion in WILBUR, Tohoku Univ., Ser. 2 (Geol.), Vol. 25, pp. R. M. and YoNGE, C. M., Physiology of 1-50, 14 tables, 4 charts, 2 maps. Mollusca, Vol. 1, pp. 383-423, 28 text-figs. HATAI, K. (1938): Further Notes on Sand NIINO, H. (1936): Two Examples of Rock Pipes. jour. Geol. Soc. japan, Vol. 45, boring Pelecypoda (in Japanese). jour. No. 542, pp. 873-875, 1 text-fig. Geol. Soc. japan, Vol. 43, No. 511, pp. 239- ·-- (1960): Japanese Miocene Reconsidered 241, 3 text-figs. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Univ. Ser. 2 (Geol.), NoMURA, S. (1940) : Molluscan Fauna of the Spec. Vol., No. 4, pp. 127-153. Moniwa Shell Beds Exposed along the ITOIGAW A, J. (1963a) : Some Miocene Boring Natori-gawa in the Vicinity of Sendai, Shells and their Life Tracks (" Lebens Miyagi Prefecture. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Imp. spuren") from the Mizunami Group, Gifu Univ., Ser. 2 (Geol.), Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. Prefecture, Japan (in Japanese). Earth 1-46, pis. 1-3. Sci., No. 67, pp. 1-12, pis. 1-2, 1 text-fig, OIDE, K. (1961): Study of the Neogene Vol 1 table. canic Activities of Sendai and its Environs -- (1963b): Miocene Rock- and Wood-boring (I) - Takadate Formation- (in Japa- 362 Koichiro MASUDA nese). jour. japan. Assoc. Min. Petro. UozuMI, S. and FUJIE, T. (1955): The Sand Econ. Geol., Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 149-154, 1 pipe, created by the Pelecypoda: Platyodon text-fig., 1 map. nipponica, n. sp. and Pholadidea (Penitella) OYAMA, K. (1954): Fossil Communities of kamakurensis (YOKOYAMA). jour. Fac. the Oceanic Water (No.2) (in Japanese). Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Ser. IV, Vol. 9, No. Misc. Rep., Res. Inst. Nat. Res., No. 34, 3, pp. 351-369, pis. 1-5, 7 text-figs. pp. 89-100, 2 tables. UTASHIRo, T. (1961): Lebensspuren of Irus SHIBATA, T. (1962) : Geology of the Sendai mitis (DEsHA YES) : Biological Studies on and Nanakita-Sanbongi Areas, Miyagi Lebensspuren, Part IV (in Japanese). Prefecture. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Univ., Ser. jour. Educ., Niigata Univ., No. 6, pp. 2 (Geol.) Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 239-301, pls. 133-143, pis. 1-3. 17-26, 6 text-figs., 11 tables. WATAl\ABE, K. and IIJIMA, H. (1959): Ter SuYAMA, K. and UTASIIIRO, T. (1955): Study tiary Structures of the Northeastern Part of "Lebensspuren" (in Japanese). Ceno of the Chichibu Basin, Saitama Prefecture zoic Res., No. 21, pp. 416-427, pls. 1-4, 3 (in Japanese). jour. Geol. Soc. japan, text-figs. Vol. 65, No. 769, pp. 606-617, 1 pl., 5 text TuR'I' As hi tate YE "if. D6dokoro :£ l'Jr Hagurodai ;]5JFJ-!, -g. Hatatate m~ 'li: Izumi-machi. JR II!J Kamegamori '[fi'r~ Pi:< Kashiko-buchi li'l mJ Kita-Akaishi ~t~:fl· Moniwa ~ ~ Minami-Akaishi r7i iJ'f.i=i Nakayachi i=j:l :j§- Nanakita t~tf:B Shimog6ri r 'll1l Takadate ii'li nn Tsunaki *WJ * Watari-machi :Ef.J:.IJ!iliJ Explanation of Plate 39 Fig. 1. Burrows found in the dacite of the Takadate Andesite. Lac. Roadside cutting at Minami-Akaishi, Sendai City. Fig. 2. Burrows found in the andesite of the Takadate Andesite. Loc. Roadside cutting at Kita-Akaishi, Sendai City. Fig. 3. Unconformity between the andesite dike of the Takatate Andesite and the Moniwa· Member of the Hatatate Formation. Loc. Same as above. Fig. 4. Burrows found in the andesite boulder of the Tsunaki Formation. Loc. Kashiko-buchi, Mitaki, Sendai City. Fig. 5. Burrows found in the andesite boulder of the Nanakita Formation. Loc. D6dokoro, Izumi-machi, Miyagi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture. Fig. 6. A hand specimen of the dacite with the sand pipes. x 3/4. Barbatia sp. can be seen in the sandpipe and worm tubes in the cavity. Loc. Minami-Akaishi, Sendai City. Fig. 7. A hand specimen of .the dacite with the sand pipes. x 3/4. Pholadidea sp. can be seen in the sandpipe at right side. Lac. Same as above. MASUDA : Sandpipes Penetmling Jgn e o~~s Rocks Plate 39 Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 72, p. 363, Dec. 30, 1968 SHORT NOTE 14. URALNEVADAPHYLLUM, A NEW SUBGENERIC NAME FOR PORFIRIEVELLA MINATO AND KATO, 1965 MASAO MINATO and MAKOTO KATO Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Hokkaido University, Japan The authors (1965, p. 71) proposed Por pose Uralnevadaphyllum, a new substitu .firievella as a subgenus of the genus tion name for "Por.firievella ". Kleopatrina for a group of massive corals We cordially thank Prof. H. FLUGEL from the so-called boreal province in for his kind information upon the prob Lower Permian. The subgeneric name lem concerned here. has been in use by some authors (STE VENS, 1967; FEDOROWSKI, 1967). References However Prof. H. FLUGEL of Graz, Austria recently informed us that the FEDOROWSKI, }. (1967) : The Lower Permian name was a junior homonym of Porjirie Tetracoralla and Tabulata from Tres viella lVANOVSKY, 1963, an Ordovician kelodden, Vestspitsbergen. Norsk Polar coral genus. institutt Skrifter, Nr. 142, pp. 1-44, pls. In as much as they are both dedicated I-VII. IvANOVSKY, A. B. (1963): "Ordovician and to the same person, the late Prof. G. Silurian Rugosa of the Siberian Platform". PORFIRIEV with the same suffix -ella, and Inst. Geol. & Geoph., Siberian Branch, are both representing rugose corals, al Akademia Nauk, pp. 1-160, pls. I-XXXIII. though of different ages, it is thought MINATO, M. and K.'\TO, M. (1965): Durham advisable not 'to maintain Porjirievella in inidae (Tetracoral). jour. Fac. Sci. Hok order to avoid future confusion which kaido Univ., Ser. IV, Vol. XIII, No. 1, pp. might be arisen, even if this name dif 11-86, pls. 1-5. fers from Por.firieviella by one letter. STEVENS, C. H. (1967): Leonardian (Permian) Thus authors, therefore, hereby pro- Compound corals of Nevada. jour. Pal eont., Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 423-431, pls. 52------Received Nov. 25, 1968 54. 363 364 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN s*~~~~~m1oo~~~~. ~~•9A~ to the Todai-ji Temple in Fukui City .. S(S)~WJ9~~9~~;;k~~~~~~~~ft~ ...... , ...... Norio FuJI fC~v'"Cf}l:Jilf~:ht-:o t.:~100~~llc~L-"C 23 s !1 :.-"~ 3 '7-f:-O)ft:fi6dll ...... lil'JifB:=:t!ll em ~m 9 lfi'i~ 9 ac~F.Piittt, lif] s ~~& 12 n;'f 3o n Palynological Notes on the Cenozoic Sedi ~I) :::1 p 4'-7 A 1 1tH.ii!*Jlij\~I*JO)jiT]{il:f*J (iltfiJliA: ments in Japan, I. .. Misaburo SHIMAKURA ?.'lifJJPita • 'H'!S!lt=) i.l~!'miP:ht.:o (~1Ju1lf 641';) S*~ Cladophlebis fC--::>v'"C -t\!*cl\ltl:~ 24 E (j() fC f:J:il~~ qo &lifii!I!lJP IIII\l (qo*'fiJttiii~ fCX:i"T ~;fiJJflliD- ...... *NI!RJI 1t:fi)' ;j (New Series No. 65-No. 72). PALAEOZOOLOGY Protozoa Page AoKI, Naoaki: Benthonic Foraminiferal Zonation of the Kazusa Group, Boso Peninsula .. 238 HANZAW A, Shoshiro : Three new Tertiary Foraminiferal Genera from Florida, Saipan and Guam ...... 19 ----: Nummulites from Iran ...... 174 HIGUCHI, Yu: Eponides bosoensis new Name for Eponides asanoi HIGUCHI, Preoccupied .. 26 HuANG, Tunyow: A new Radiolaria from the S6machi Formation, Kikai-Jima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan ...... 177 KuRIHARA, Kenji: Notes on the Benthonic Foraminifera of the Tonohama Group, Shikoku, Japan ...... 267 MATSUMARU, Kuniteru: Miogypsinid Populations from the Tungliang Well TL-1 of the Penghu Islands, China ...... 340 OzAwA, Tomowo: Pseudofusulinella, a Genus of Fusulinacea ...... 149 SADA, Kimiyoshi: Fusulinids of the Millerella Zone of the Taishaku Limestone (Studies of the Stratigraphy and the Microfossil Faunas of the Carboniferous and Permian Taishaku Limestone in West Japan, No. 1) ...... 139 Ucirro, Takayasu: Is the Geologic Age of the Nobori Formation, Shikoku, Japan, Miocene or Pliocene? ...... 114 Coelenterata MINATO, Masao and KATO, Makoto: Uralnevadaphyllum, a new Subgeneric Name for Porfirievella MINATO and KATO, 1965 ...... 363 Brachiopoda YANAGIDA, Juichi: Carboniferous Brachiopods from Akiyoshi, Southwest Japan, Part III. Delepinea from a Pyroclastic Rock near the Lowest Part of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group ...... 327 Mollusca CIIINZEI, Kiyotaka and IwAsAKI, Yasuhide: Paleoecology of Shallow Sea Molluscan Faunae in the Neogene Deposits of Northeast Honshu, Japan ...... 93 HAY AMI, Itaru and KAWASAWA, Keizo: Some Lower Cretaceous Bivalves from the Shi- mantogawa Group of South Shikoku ...... 73 MASUDA, K6ichir6: Molluscan Fauna of the Higashi-Innai Formation of Nota Peninsula, Japan-III; Description of New Species and Remarks on some Species ...... 1 365 366 Systematic Index ----: Sandpipes Penetrating Igneous Rocks in the Environs of Sendai, Japan ...... 351 MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro and NooA, Masayuki: An Interesting Species of Inoceramus from the Upper Cretaceous of Kyushu ...... 317 NISHIDA, Tamio: A new Species of Conocardium (s. s.) from the Carboniferous of Aki yoshi (Molluscan Paleontology of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group-I) ...... 207 ----: On some Gastropods from Millerella Zone of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group (Molluscan Paleontology of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group-II) ...... 233 NooA, Hiroshi and TADA, Motohiko: Anadarids from the Shizukuishi Basin, Iwate Pre- fecture, Jrpan ...... 193 0BATA, Ikuwo: Lower Cretaceous Ammonites from the Miyako Group...... 63 ----: Lower Cretaceous Ammonites from the Miyako Group, Part 2. Some Silesitids from the Miyako Group ...... 129 OKAMOTO, Kazuo and NAKANO, Mitsuo: Some Miocene Limid Fossils from the Area around the Wanibuchi Mine, Izumo Province, Southwest Japan ...... 185 SHIKANIA, Tokio and NISHIDA, Tamio: On some Species of Carboniferous Pleurotomaria ceans from Akiyoshi (Molluscan Paleontology of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group-III) 211 Arthropoda HATAI, Kotara and NooA, Hiroshi: Cylindrical Structures from the Tatsunokuchi Forma- tion (Early Miyagian) in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture ...... 345 Graptolithina BuR To~. C. K.: Graptolite and Tentaculite Correlations and Palaeogeography of the Silurian and Devonian in the Yunnan-Malaya Geosyncline ...... 27 Vertebrata AoKI, Naoaki: Some Fossil Gobius from Japan ...... 125 ----: Some Pleistocene Fish-otoliths from the Boso and Miura Peninsulas ...... 296 HASEGAWA, Yoshikazu, YAMAUTI, Hiroshi and OKAFUJI, Gor6: A Fossil Assemblage of Macaca and Homo from Ojikado-Cave of Hiraodai Karst Plateau, Nothern Kyushu, Japan ...... 218 NAGASAWA, Joji: On the Fossil Equine Teeth from Kuzuu, Tochigi Prefecture and Tokyo City...... 83 PALAEOBOTANY MATsuo, Hidekuni: A Cretaceous Salvinia from the Hashima Is. (Gunkan-Jima), outside of the Nagasaki Harbour, West Kyushu, Japan ...... · 49 ---- and OMURA, Kazuo: On the Taeniopteris from the Togadani Flora (Tedorian), at Togadani, Ishikawa Prefecture, Central Japan ...... 285 NISHIDA, Shiro: Coccolithophorids from the Ch6jabaru Formation, lki Island, Japan . . . . 308 TAN AI, Toshimasa: On the Hamamelidaceae from the Palaeogene of Hokkaido, Japan.... 56 INDEX OF FAMILIES, GENERA AND SPECIES Notes: Words listed are names of families, genera and species, which are either described or illustrated in the Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan, New Series, Nos. 65-72; words in heavy type are names of new genera and species. A Conocardium ...... 208 Act eon osawanoensis...... 18 --- (Conocardium) japonicum . . . . 208 Adamnestia onukii ...... 12 Conus tokunagai...... 18 Alveolinidae...... 19 Corylopsis ishikariensis ...... 58 Amphidonte (Amphidonte) ---- paucifiora ...... 60 subhaliotoidea ...... 78 Cyclammina sp...... 277 Anadara (Anadara) arasawaensis ...... 198 Cypraea ohiroi ...... 6 --- ( ) iwatensis ...... 198 Cythara sp...... 18 ( ) makiyamai...... 199 ( ) ogawai ...... 199 D Angyomphalus...... 214 Delepinea sayamensis ...... 330 --- hashimotoi ...... 214 --- sinuata...... 333 ( ?) okafujii ...... 216 Dentalina cf. spinosa ...... 278 APollon osawanoensts ...... 18 Disanthus nipponicus ...... 58 Dosinia (Kaneharaia) kaneharai...... 200 B Barbatia sp. 362 E Batillaria toshioi ...... 2 Engraulis cf. japonica ...... 301 Bittium sp...... 16 Eilohedra rotunda ...... 380 Bolivina robust a ...... 266 Elphidium parvulum ...... 259 ---- spissa ...... 266 Endothyra spp...... 146 Bulimina aculeata ...... 266 Eostajfella kanmerai ...... 144 ---" affinis ...... 279 --- sp. ···························· 146 striata ...... 266 Eponides asanoi nom. nud...... 26 --- bosoensis ...... 26 c Equus sp...... 84 Callianassa sp...... 350 Eulima hataii ...... 5 Callista sp...... 200 Euomphalidae ...... 234 " Cassidulina " brevis ...... 261 ---" kuwanoi...... 266 G Cerithidea kanpokuensis ...... 16 Gaudryna cf. arenaria...... 266 --- ohiroi ...... 1 Gavelinopsis praegeri ...... 266 ---- sirakii ...... 16 --- translucens ...... · 280 Cerithium (Proclava) ancisum ...... 3 --- cf. translucens ...... 266 --- meisense ...... 16 Globobulimina sp...... 266 Chernyshinella sp...... 146 Gobius copiosus ...... 305 Cibicides cf. aknerianus ...... 266 --- ingens ...... 305 Conger durus ...... 302 --- notoensis ...... 127 --- spp ...... 302 --- puellaris ...... 306 Conocardiidae ...... 208 ---- rusticus 126 367 368 Index of Families, Genera and Species ---spp. 306 N ---- urbanus ...... 306 Nankinella cf. kawadai ...... 172 Gyroidina gemma ...... 266 Nassarius (Zeuxis) minoensis ...... 8 --- cf. orbicularis ...... 266 Neithea (Neithea) matsumotoi ...... 76 Gyroidinoides altiformis ...... 281 --- (Neithella?) kochiensis ...... 76 --- torulus ...... 281 N everita coticazae ...... 5 Nibea gemma ...... 303 H Nodiscala suzuensis ...... 4 Hamamelis kushiroensis ...... 59 Nodosaria tosta ...... 278 Hataina ...... 178 Nummulites Perforatus ...... 174 --- ovata ...... 178 Homo sapiens 228 0 Oliva osawanoensis 18 Otolithus (Congridarum) beilus ...... 302 I --- ( ) calidus ...... 302 Inoceramus teraokai ...... 319 --- (Sparidarum) babai ...... 304 Inquisitor shibanoi 11 p K Pachycrommium japonicum ...... 16 Kanmeraia 151 Palaeoloxodon naumanni ...... 228 Parafissurina oral is ...... 278 L Parrotia fagifolia ...... 61 --- per sica ...... 60 Lima (Acesta) aff. amaxensis 188 Peronidea sp...... 201 (---) cf. smithi ...... 189 Philbertia sp...... 18 ( ) sp...... 190 Phlyctiderma sp ...... 360 Liquidamber miosinica ...... 60 Pholadidea kamakurensis ...... 360 Lutra lutra ...... 228 ---sp...... 354 Phos notoensis ...... 7 M Platycephalus cf. indicus ...... 301 Macaca fuscata ...... 228 Plectofrondicularia goharai ...... 266 Macoma cf. tokyoensis ...... 200 --- japonica ...... 266 Melonis cf. pad anum ...... 266 --- totomiensis ...... 266 pygmaeus ...... 260 Plicatula sp...... 77 Menestho sp...... 18 Polynices meisensis ...... 16 Microcallista sp ...... 201 "Porfirievella " ...... 363 Millerella bigemmicula ...... 142 Protelphidium k~samoriense ...... 260 --- marblensis ...... 140 Prot erato (Sulcerato) minoensis ...... 16 ---sp. A ...... 146 Pseudococcolithus ...... 311 Miogypsina globulina ...... 341 --- biporosus ...... 315 Mitra hukusimana...... 18 --- deltoides ...... ; ...... 315 ---- ishidae ...... 8 --- fusiformis ...... 313 Mitrella notoensis...... 7 --- nodulosus ...... 315 Miyakoceras...... 130 --- oblongus ...... 314 --- hayamii ...... 134 --- orbicularis ...... 313 --- tanohatense ...... 131 --- oviform is...... 314 --- aff. tanohatense...... 133 --- reticulatus ...... 312 Mourlonia...... 212 --- rotundatus...... 314 (Mourlonia) hayasakai...... 212 --- striatus ...... 313 Mya (Mya) cuneiformis ...... 201 Pseudofusulinella ...... 150 Index of Families, Genera and Species 369 ---- (Kanmeraia) acuminata ...... 170 ---sp. A ...... 304 --- ( )? akta ...... 170 Sinum ineptum ...... 16 ---- ( ) japonica ...... 166 Siphanalia nisiyamai ...... 18 ( ) lagandarensis ...... 170 Spiralaculina akiensis ...... 278 ( ) meeki ...... 170 Stilastamella sp. A ...... 278 ( ) sp...... 170 Straparallus ...... 234 ( ) thampsani ...... 170 (Straparallus) ...... 234 ( ) utahensis ...... 170 --- ( ) otai ...... 234 --- (Pseudafusulinella) ...... 150 Strigatella notoensis ...... 9 ( ) bicanica ...... 170 Sydaphera horii ...... 10 --- ( ) mantis ...... 170 Syrnola notoensis 11 ( ) accident a/is ...... 170 ( ) pinguis ...... 170 T ( ) salida ...... 170 Taeniopteris emarginata ...... 291 --- ( ) tumid a ...... 170 --- vittata ...... 291 Pteratrigania (Pteratrigania) Tayamaia ...... 22 hakkaidaana ...... 79 --- marianensis ...... 22 Pusia sp. 18 Tiberia konamiensis ...... 12 Trifarina shikokuensis ...... 279 Q Turbonilla ishidae ...... 11 Quadrimarphina akiensis 280 Turbonitella 235 Quasiborelis...... 21 --- ryugohoensis ...... 236 --- gunteri...... 21 --- yanagidai ...... 235 Quasiendathyra sp...... 140 Turriscala sp...... 16 Quasirotalia ...... 23 --- guamerzsis 23 u Uralnevadaphyllum 363 R Uvigerina rutila 279 Ringicula minaensis ...... 18 --- substriata 280 Ratalia atjehensis ...... 25 ---sp...... 24 v Valdedorsella 64 s --- akuschaensis ...... 64 Saccella sp. 201 --- getulina ...... 72 Salvinia mitsusense ...... 52 ---sp...... 69 Sardinaps cf. melanasticta ...... 300 Vexillum setsukoae ...... 9 Seminarella sp...... 146 Vicaryella ishiiana ...... 1 Serripes muraii ...... 202 --- nataensis ...... 16 Sillaga cf. sihama ...... 303 Valvulella takiensis ...... 18 a-lt~~±~~~ ~~·i~f Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan New Series N o. 65 ~ N o. 72 1967-1968 Palaeontological Society of Japan The heading in Japanese commemorates the handwriting of Prof. Matajiro YOKO YAMA, father of Japanese Palaeontology, who was Professor of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology at the Geological Institute, Imperial University of Tokyo. The fossil on the front page is Kueichouphyllum yahagiense MINATO, 1955. CONTENTS Number 65 (Published April 10, 1967) Transactions Article Page Plate 516. MASUDA, K6ichir6: Molluscan Fauna of the Higashi-Innai Forma tion of Noto Peninsula, Japan-III; Description of new Species and Remarks on some Species ...... 1-18 1-2 517. HANZAWA, Shoshiro: Three new Tertiary Foraminiferal Genera from Florida, Saipan and Guam ...... 19-25 3-4 518. BURTON, C. K.: Graptolite and Tentaculite Correlations and Pala eogeography of the Silurian and Devonian in the Yunnan-Malaya Geosyncline 27-46 Short Note 13. HIGUCHI, Yu: Eponides bosoensis new Name for Eponides asanoi HIGUCHI, Preoccupied...... 26 Proceedings ...... 47-48 Number 66 (Published June 30, 1967) Transactions 519. MATSUO, Hidekuni: A Cretaceous Salvinia from the Hashima Is. (Gunkan-Jima), Outside of the Nagasaki Harbour, West Kyilshil, Japan ...... 49-55 5 520. T ANA!, Toshimasa: On the Hamamelidaceae from the Palaeogene of Hokkaido, Japan ...... 56-62 6-7 521. OBATA, Ikuwo: Lower Cretaceous Ammonites from the Miyako Group ...... 63-72 8 522. HAY AMI, I taru and KA w ASAwA, Keizo : Some Lower Cretaceous Bivalves from the Shimantogawa Group of South Shikoku ...... 73-82 9 523. NAGASAWA, Joji: On the Fossil Equine from Kuzuu, Tochigi Prefecture and Tokyo City ...... 83-91 10 ii Number 67 (Published September 20, 1967) Transactions 524. CHINZEI, Kiyotaka and IwASAKI, Yasuhide: Paleoecology of Shal low Sea Molluscan Faunae in the Neogene Deposits of Northeast Honshu, Japan ...... 93-113 525. UCHINO, Takayasu: Is the Geologic Age of the Nobori Formation, Shikoku, Japan, Miocene or Pliocene? ...... 114-124 526. AOKI, Naoaki: Some Fossil Gobius from Japan ...... 125-128 527. 0BA TA, Ikuwo: Lower Cretaceous Ammonites from the Miyako Group, Part 2. Some Silesitids from the Miyako Group ...... 129-138 11 528. SADA, Kimiyoshi: Fusulinids of the Millerella Zone of the Tai shaku Limestone (Studies of the Stratigraphy and the Microfossil Faunas of the Carboniferous and Permian Taishaku Limestone in West Japan, No. 1) ...... 139-147 12-13 Proceedings ...... 148 Number 68 (Published December 25, 1967) Transactions 529. OZAWA, Tomowo: Pseudofusulinella, a Genus of Fusulinacea .... 149-173 14-15 530. HANZAWA, Shoshiro: Nummulites from Iran ...... 174-176 16 531. HuANG, Tunyow: A new Radiolaria from the S6machi Formation, Kikai-Jima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan ...... 177-184 17-19 532. OKAMOTO, Kazuo and NAKANO, Mitsuo: Some Miocene Limid Fossils from the Area around the Wanibuchi Mine, Izumo Prov- ince, Southwest Japan ...... 185-192 20-21 Number 69 (Published April 25, 1968) Transactions 533. NonA, Hiroshi and T ADA, Motohiko: Anadarids from the Shizuku- ishi Basin, Iwate Prefecture, Japan ...... 193-206 22 534. NISHIDA, Tamio: ,, A new Species of Conocardium (s. s.) from the Carboniferous of Akiyoshi (Molluscan Paleontology of the Aki- yoshi Limestone Group-!) ...... 207-210 23 535. SHIKAMA, Tokio and NISHIDA, Tamio: On some Species of Car boniferous Pleurotomariaceans from Akiyoshi (Molluscan Paleonto- logy of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group-III) ...... 211-217 24-25 536. HASEGAWA, Yoshikazu, Y AMAUTI, Hiroshi and 0KAGUJI, Gor6: A iii Fossil Assemblage of Macaca and Homo from Ojikado-Cave of Hiraodai Karst Plateau, Northern Kyushu, Japan ...... 218-229 26 Proceedings ...... 230-231 Number 70 (Published June 30, 1968) Transactions 537. NISHIDA, Tamio: On some Gastropods from Millerella Zone of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group (Molluscan Paleontology of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group II) ...... 233-237 23 538. AoKI, Naoaki: Benthonic Foraminiferal Zonation of the Kazusa Group, Boso Peninsula ...... 238-266 27 539. KuRIHARA, Kenji: Notes on the Benthonic Foraminifera of the Tonohama Group, Shikoku, Japan ...... 267-283 28 Number 71 (Published September 30, 1968) Transactions 540. MATSUO, Hidekuni and OMURA, Kazuo: On the Taeniopteris from the Togadani Flora (Tedorian), at Togadani, Ishikawa Prefecture, Central Japan ...... 285-295 29 541. AOKI, Naoaki: Some Pleistocene Fish-otoliths from the Boso and Miura Peninsulas ...... 296-307 542. NISHIDA, Shiro: Coccolithophorids from the Chojabaru Formation, Iki Islnnd, Japan ...... 308-316 30-31 543. MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro and NonA, Masayuki: An Interesting Species of Inoceramus from the Upper Cretaceous of Kyushu .. 317-325 32 Proceedings ...... 326 Number 72 (Published December 30, 1968) Transactions 544. YANAGIDA, Juichi: Carboniferous Brachiopods from Akiyoshi, Southwest Japan, Part III. Delepinea from a Pyroclastic Rock near the Lowest Part of the Akiyoshi Limestone Group ...... 327-339 33-34 545. MATSUMARU, Kuniteru: Miogypsinid Populations from the Tung- liang Well TL-1 of the Penghu Islands, China ...... 340-344 35-36 546. HATAI, Kotora and NODA, Hiroshi: Cylindrical Structures from the Tatsunokuchi Formation (Early Miyagian) in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture ...... 345-350 37 547. MASUDA, K6ichir6: Sandpipes Penetrating Igneous Rocks in the Environs of Sendai, Japan ...... 351-362 38-39 Short Note 14. MINATO, Masao and KATO, Makoto: Uralnevadaphyllum, a new Subgeneric Name for Porjirievella MINATO and KATO, 1965...... 363 Proceedings ...... 364 Systematic Index ...... 365-366 Index of Families, Genera and Species ...... 367-369 ~J il!l ~n ---~------~- ~- ~- 1 ~~ fill ttl?. 5~ flli 13 a/4 rn Ef:l i?dm w 13 1969 ~~:~~-~--~~ .tz:~i-1-~;: rw~J.Jftl'i 19-6 9 ~~~1- n25~26 s : 196 8~~12~1o-;-i 1- --~------·----~------, 102 It. 1 9 6 9 6 1 1 9 6 91f 5 fl 1 lill f?tl :£< 1 tui ~~ oo * '* ifo n r 1u o 13 : ------ 19691F1F~ (l~lif4fili) : -/ :/ *' ;./ '7 A, WT~f':.l'UtHt:fitffO)Mj~:fr:(fi 0 Cti!:ill!iA = 'hi11i~~. ~J,ijl!,jrf!r~. !fiibtjf~Jm) 8*~~~·~~~*M*~~m~• 19691f-11H:3Eff-'f·5:EO)t"f}}Ij-'<)-m 14 -ij-0)/)j~Mf;J:, :b;~ 11 Fl 15 13 /l}JL'1}~!.... "Cv' '* L..t.::i.J;, J!JJ 13 '* L'IC o/Cnt t...t.: t 0)0) EP t...i6.7;.t.Jlt&: <. f'F-r&: g-1 O)J.JRMt.J;;!i, ~ \3 0) q1 t... LL',t.Jl Zff:;li, tJ '* t... t.::. J: -::> -c·itfJi~.liHl;O)ili ~""-"C. /W~ 1969 if. 5 Fl 15 IJ IC~l!IJ!.... -c, J:-.il2. 2 ftH:f..lH::>f, ~ NEWS 0 *1¥-1Jf~Hli~=t5:E ~~1, -c "' ~ :±t&:OOYH!lii:~H'"ili (JUJ 1J. ll¥lflliJ:I!!, ;mi~:S\::) l;l:IXO)i.J!i ~ L' ;!i, ~. Inti. Field Symposium on British Jurassic, celebrating bicentenary of birth of William SMITH. April 9-24, London; Dr. D. V. AGER, Dept. Geol., Imp. Coil. Sci. Tech., Prince Consort Rd., London SW7, England. I. U. G. S., Commission on Geochronology with Colloquium on the Geochronology of Phanero zoic Orogenic Belt. August 28-September 3, Bern: Dr. M. E. RouBAUL T, Centre de Recherches Petrogra phiques et Geochimiques, Rue N-D des Pauvres, Vandoeuvre, B. P. 682, 54- Nancy, France Inti. Congress of the Inti. Union for Quaternary Research. August 30--September 5, Paris: Dr. Henri ELHAI, 8th Congress of Inqua, 191 rue St. Jac ques, Paris 5e, France. Colloquium on Mediterranean Jurassic Stratigraphy. September 4-8, Budapest: Hungarian Geological Institute, Nepstadion ut 14, Budapest, XIV, Hungary. Colloquium on Eocene Stratigraphy. September 6-8, Budapest: Hungarian Geological Institute, Nepstadion ut 14, Budapest, XIV, Hungary. North American Paleontological Convention & Field Trips. 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