Vladimir Karetnikov, Sergey Rudykh, Andrey Prokhorenkov, Gleb Chistyakov, Vyacheslav Bekryashev, Zhanna Kapustyak WP2: INLAND WATERWAYS FAIRWAY TECHNOLOGIES Interim report of 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 parts of WP2 Project «Future potential of inland waterways» («INFUTURE») Financed by EU, Russian Federation and Republic of Finland Admiral Makarov SUMIS St.-Petersburg 2020 INTRODUCTION This scientific work executed within the framework of international project “Future potential of inland waterways” (“INFUTURE”) in conformity with Cross- border cooperation program with financing from the European Union, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Finland. This report contains Interim report of parts No. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 of WP2: 2.1 Feasibility study about prolonging the navigation period in inland fairways and canal routes; 2.2 Evaluation on advanced navigation and hydrography services; 2.3 Comparisons of up-to-day digital technologies for inland waterway traffic monitoring and control. CONTRIBUTORS TO THE REPORT Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping (FSBEI of Higher Education AMSUMIS): Supervisor Head of the Department V.V. Karetnikov for Inland Navigation ____________ D.Eng.Sc., Ass. Prof. Contributors: D.Eng.Sc., Principal Researcher ____________ S.V. Rudykh CES, Leading Researcher ____________ A.A. Prokhorenkov CES, Leading Researcher ____________ G.B. Chistyakov Engineer V.A. Bekryashev ____________ Engineer ____________ Zh.A. Kapustyak 2 CONTENTS Title page 1 Introduction and Contributors to the report 2 Contents 3 List of abbreviations 5 1. Formation of a classification list of organizational and technical measures aimed at improving the safety of navigation during the 7 navigation extension period 1.1 Navigation during navigation extension period 7 1.2 Changes in water levels 7 1.3 Changes in hydrometeorological conditions 10 1.4 Changes in ice conditions 10 1.5 Changes in waterway depths 13 1.6 Dispatch control on the Neva River and Lake Ladoga 21 1.7 Timely informing for navigators 28 1.8 Icebreaker support 48 1.9 Classification list of organizational and technical measures 50 2. Analysis of the possibility of ice navigation in the water area of the 52 Neva River 2.1 Ice conditions of the Neva River 52 2.2 Ice conditions of Lake Ladoga 53 3 2.3 Ice navigation on the Neva River 56 3. Development of recommendations for ensuring ice channeling of ships 57 in the water area of the Neva River 3.1 Coastal navigation signs 57 3.1.1 General information 57 3.1.2 Navigation fairway signs 58 3.1.3 Information signs 62 3.2 Ice marks 72 3.3 Basic recommendations for ensuring ice channeling of ships in 78 the water area of the Neva River 4. Preparation of conclusion on the results of development of 79 scientifically based recommendations on information and navigation support for navigators during the navigation extension period 4.1 River information service 79 4.2 Running modification of ENCs 85 4.3 “Print on demand” technology 87 4.4 Conclusion on the results of development of scientifically 91 based recommendations on information and navigation support for navigators during the navigation extension period 5. Justification for the selection of sites for ice buoys tests 93 6. Mathematical simulation of safe movement only using radar aids and 98 ECDIS of the estimated vessel on sections difficult for navigation in terms of extending navigation in the waters of the Neva River using the 4 NT Pro navigation simulator 6.1 Navigation simulator composition 98 6.2 Procedure for carrying out simulated runs of the estimated 106 vessel 6.3 Familiarization with the estimated vessel 117 6.4 Assessment of the influence of external factors on the 125 mathematical model of the estimated vessel 6.5 Navigational study of the modeling section 134 6.6 Carrying out simulated runs of the estimated vessel using radar 149 only 6.7 Carrying out simulated runs of the estimated vessel using 185 ECDIS only Conclusions 199 Reference list 202 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations are used in this report: ASS Automated Sounding System IWW Inland Waterways IWT Inland Waterway Transport ME Main Engine HC Hydrometeorological conditions GOST R State Standard of the Russian Federation AMSUMIS Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping CL Centerline PSU Propulsion/steering unit UDWS Unified Deep Water System PPI Plan-Position Indicator HA Heading Angle STCW International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watch- keeping for Seafarers with amendments NHC Navigation and Hydrographic Conditions RW Research Work PoD Print on Demand RIS River Information Service W&NA Waterway and Navigation Areas HF&NA Hydraulic Facilities and Navigation Areas RD Regulation Document Radar Radiolocation Station RRR Russian River Register RF Russian Federation ARPA Automatic Radar Plotting Aids NA Navigation Aids ECDIS Electronic Chart Display and Information System CoT Centre of Turning FBI Federal Budgetary Institution ENC Electronic Navigational Chart 6 1. FORMATION OF A CLASSIFICATION LIST OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNICAL MEASURES AIMED AT IMPROVING THE SAFETY OF NAVIGATION DURING THE NAVIGATION EXTENSION PERIOD 1.1 Navigation during navigation extension period The instability and variability of the factors ensuring the navigation safety during a given period from the phase of safe navigation to the phase of its prohibition within a short period of time is a distinctive feature of navigation conditions during the navigation extension period. To improve the navigation safety during the navigation extension period, it is necessary to pay close attention to the monitoring of factors that directly affect the navigation safety and actively change over a short period of time. Let us consider in more detail what factors affect the safety of navigation during navigation extension period and then, on their basis, we will form the classification list of organizational and technical measures aimed at improving the safety of navigation during the navigation extension period. 1.2 Changes in water levels To ensure the navigation safety, constant monitoring of water levels along the entire waterway shall be provided. On the Neva River such a monitoring is carried out using water measuring posts. The Federal Budgetary Institution Volgo- Balt Administration uses data both from its own water measuring posts and from Roshydromet measuring stations. Data from Roshydromet are provided on a contractual basis and registered in the form of values exceeding the water level at the level “0” of the water measuring post in centimeters. The water measuring post of the FBI Volgo-Balt Administration is located in the city of Shlisselburg. Roshydromet water measuring posts are located in St. Petersburg (the Mining University) and the settlement Ivanovskoe (Figure 1.1). 7 Figure 1.1 Location of measuring posts Figure 4.2 shows a schematic longitudinal profile of a section of the Volga- Baltic Waterway from St. Petersburg to the Svir River mouth, including the Neva River. Figure 1.2 Schematic longitudinal profile of a section of the Volga-Baltic Waterway 8 Currently on the waterways of the FBI Volgo-Balt Administration an automated water-level measuring post is being tested (Figure 1.3). Figure 1.3 Automated water-level measuring post The main functions of the МАУП-А automated water-level measuring post are automatic water level measurements and transmission of the received information to the server via a communication channel. To transfer information the SMS (Short Message Service) technology is used, which is part of the cellular communication standards, and allows receiving and transmitting short text messages over the channel of GSM networks. Data from the МАУП-А post is transmitted to the portal, where, in addition to data imaging in standard tabular form, it is possible to turn on the graphical one. The water level graph supports the scaling function (zoom) for any time period specified by the system user (Figure 1.4). 9 Figure 1.4 Example of МАУП-А data 1.3 Changes in hydrometeorological conditions The FBI Volgo-Balt Administration receives this data from Roshydromet; there are no its own automated hydrometeorological posts. However for the navigation extention, it may be necessary to install several devices of this type. The quantity shall be determined by a separate project. 1.4 Changes in ice conditions During the navigation extension period, ice conditions monitoring is one of the most important organizational and technical measures that directly affect the level of navigation safety. Since the weather conditions during this period are quite unstable and the formation of a thick ice cover is possible in a short period of time. An example of such a phenomenon is the events that took place in November 2016, when according to observations the beginning of November in St. Petersburg became the coldest one over the period of 46 years. Interfax reported that the weather situation was unusual and rare one. So frosty days are uncharacteristic for the beginning of November. This already happened in 1995, but then there were 10 positive temperatures, but now the situation is a little different: the "minus" keeps all the time. The last time such an early November was recorded was in 1970. The weather forecast was as follows: “... frosty weather in St. Petersburg will remain at least until the middle of the month. Heavy snowfalls are expected in the coming days. The chief forecaster added that in the second half of November, the snow will melt, and the temperature background will slightly increase. In St. Petersburg, since the beginning of November, the air temperature does not rise above zero, it snows. Cyclones passing south of the City on the Neva will bring snowfalls and blizzards. On November 8 snow is expected, heavy snow at night, blizzard with gusts of wind 12-15 m/s, moderate daytime, heavy snow in places, light snowstorm.