DOCSLIB.ORG

Patent Information from Chemical Abstracts Service

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Patent Information from CAS Patent Information from Chemical Abstracts Service Coverage and Content Chemical Abstracts Service A Division of the American Chemical Society 2540 Olentangy River Road P.O. Box 3012 Columbus, Ohio 43210 © 2001 by the American Chemical Society Quoting or copying of material from this publication for educational purposes is encouraged, providing acknowledgement is made of the source of such material. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 PATENT SELECTION ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................... 2 Selection by Country ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Selection of Kind of Document ......................................................................................................................... 3 Selection by International Patent Classification ................................................................................................ 4 Identification of Patent Families ....................................................................................................................... 4 Examination by Patent Document Analysts ...................................................................................................... 4 Domestically-Related Patent Documents .......................................................................................................... 4 History of Patent Coverage by CAS .................................................................................................................. 5 PATENT INDEX ............................................................................................................................................... 6 OVERVIEW OF PATENT INFORMATION FROM CAS ............................................................................... 7 Printed CA ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Online Access .................................................................................................................................................... 8 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA ................................................................................................................................. 9 ABSTRACTS .................................................................................................................................................. 12 OVERVIEW OF INDEXING.......................................................................................................................... 13 KEYWORDS .................................................................................................................................................. 14 GENERAL SUBJECT INDEX ENTRIES ...................................................................................................... 15 Classes of Compounds .................................................................................................................................... 16 Uses and Applications of Substances .............................................................................................................. 16 CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE INDEX ENTRIES ............................................................................................. 17 General Guidelines for Indexing of Specific Substances ................................................................................ 17 Indexing of Specific Substances: Special Cases ............................................................................................. 22 Compounds Indexed from Markush Structures ............................................................................................... 26 Nonspecific General Derivatives ..................................................................................................................... 26 History of Guidelines for Indexing of Specific Compounds ........................................................................... 28 APPENDIX Patent Coverage by Country and Type of Patent Document ........................................................................... 29 CODEN for Patents ......................................................................................................................................... 33 Patent Kind Codes ........................................................................................................................................... 34 IPC Selection Table Prior to 1996 ................................................................................................................... 39 IPC Selection Tables (1996-June 2000) .......................................................................................................... 55 IPC Selection Tables (July 2000- ) .................................................................................................................. 77 1 INTRODUCTION Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) has covered patents since the first issue of Chemical Ab- stracts (CA) was published in 1907. The first issue of CA contained 181 patent abstracts, and patent abstracts made up over 30% of all the abstracts published in Volume 1 of CA. Since 1907 CAS has abstracted and indexed over 3.3 million patent documents from all over the world in all areas of chemistry and chemical engineering. More than 2.6 million patents abstracted since 1967 are available online. For the past few years CAS has been adding almost 120,000 new abstracts for patents every year. Patent abstracts now comprise 17 to 18% of the 700,000 abstracts published in CA annually. The purpose of this documentation is to clarify procedures and guidelines for the selection of patent documents for the CAS database and to describe the content of the database. This documenta- tion includes extensive discussion of the guidelines for preparation of abstracts and for indexing the specific compounds and general subject matter of patent documents. The discussion of the abstract- ing and indexing guidelines is based on documentation for CAS patent document analysts. Unless otherwise indicated, currently used guidelines and procedures are described. Also, only general indexing guidelines are described rather than subject specific guidelines for indexing in various areas of chemistry and chemical engineering. Finally, this documentation makes no attempt to teach the searching of either the indexes to printed CA or the CAS online database. Its aim is only to provide information on the coverage and content of patent documents in the CAS database. Instructional materials and workshops on search- ing printed CA or CAS files are available from Chemical Abstracts Service. If you have comments or suggestions related to the content of this documentation or the guide- lines for the selection, coverage or indexing of patent documents by CAS, please direct them to: David W. Weisgerber Editor Chemical Abstracts Service 2540 Olentangy River Road Columbus, OH 43210 Telefax: (614) 447-3713 Telex: 6 842 086 CHMAB 2 PATENT SELECTION Overview There are four main steps in the process of patent selection by CAS. The first three steps depend on a computerized system for the selection of patents from a computer tape supplied every week by the International Patent Documentation Center (INPADOC). The tape contains bibliographic records for the most recently published patent documents from the countries covered by INPADOC. In the first two steps, chemical patents are selected from the countries covered by CAS. Then a determina- tion is made to see if the record selected already has a patent family member that has been abstracted by CAS. If a record belongs to a family that has a previously abstracted member, the record is termed an “equivalent,” and the entire family, along with the abstract citation, is cited in the weekly issued Patent Index. If the record does not have a family member that has already been abstracted, it is termed a CA “basic,” that is, the family member first received by CAS. Only the basic patent documents are obtained for abstracting and indexing. In the final step, each of these patents is examined by a technical specialist who decides if the patent is suitable for inclusion in CA. Selection by Country The first step in patent selection is to select, from the countries covered on the INPADOC weekly tape, those records that correspond to the countries and two international organizations currently included in CA. Table I lists countries from which patent documents are currently selected. For some of the countries on the list abstracts are prepared for patent documents assigned only to individuals or organizations from the granting country. All equivalent patents issued by any of the patent offices covered by CAS, are cited in the Patent Index regardless of the nationality of the inventors. For example, a Finnish patent document is abstracted and indexed when it is issued to a Finnish com- pany or an individual residing in Finland. However, if a United States company files a patent appli- cation in Finland, the resulting
Recommended publications
  • MPEP Identifying and Evaluating Each Claim Limitation

    MPEP Identifying and Evaluating Each Claim Limitation

    Chapter 2100 Patentability 2101 [Reserved] 2121.03 Plant Genetics Ð What Constitutes -2102 Enabling Prior Art 2103 Patent Examination Process 2121.04 Apparatus and Articles Ð What 2104 Patentable Subject Matter Constitutes Enabling Prior Art 2105 Patentable Subject Matter Ð Living 2122 Discussion of Utility in the Prior Art Subject Matter 2123 Rejection Over Prior Art's Broad 2106 Patent Subject Matter Eligibility Disclosure Instead of Preferred 2106.01 [Reserved] Embodiments 2107 Guidelines for Examination of 2124 Exception to the Rule That the Critical Applications for Compliance with the Reference Date Must Precede the Filing Utility Requirement Date 2107.01 General Principles Governing Utility 2124.01 Tax Strategies Deemed Within the Rejections Prior Art 2107.02 Procedural Considerations Related to 2125 Drawings as Prior Art Rejections for Lack of Utility 2126 Availability of a Document as a 2107.03 Special Considerations for Asserted ªPatentº for Purposes of Rejection Therapeutic or Pharmacological Under 35 U.S.C. 102(a) or Pre-AIA 35 Utilities U.S.C. 102(a), (b), and (d) 2108 [Reserved] 2126.01 Date of Availability of a Patent as a -2110 Reference 2111 Claim Interpretation; Broadest 2126.02 Scope of Reference's Disclosure Reasonable Interpretation Which Can Be Used to Reject Claims 2111.01 Plain Meaning When the Reference Is a ªPatentº but 2111.02 Effect of Preamble Not a ªPublicationº 2111.03 Transitional Phrases 2127 Domestic and Foreign Patent 2111.04 ªAdapted to,º ªAdapted for,º Applications as Prior Art ªWherein,º and ªWherebyº Clauses 2128 ªPrinted Publicationsº as Prior Art 2111.05 Functional and Nonfunctional 2128.01 Level of Public Accessibility Descriptive Material Required 2112 Requirements of Rejection Based on 2128.02 Date Publication Is Available as a Inherency; Burden of Proof Reference 2112.01 Composition, Product, and Apparatus 2129 Admissions as Prior Art Claims 2130 [Reserved] 2112.02 Process Claims 2131 Anticipation Ð Application of 35 U.S.C.
  • The Value of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner

    The Value of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner

    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Cornell Law Library Cornell International Law Journal Volume 8 Article 1 Issue 2 May 1975 The alueV of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner David Silverstein Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Silverstein, David (1975) "The alueV of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner," Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 8: Iss. 2, Article 1. Available at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj/vol8/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cornell International Law Journal by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CORNELL INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL Volume 8 May 1975 Number 2 The Value of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner DAVID SILVERSTEIN* Although infrequently called upon to address the more technical aspects of patent practice, the general practitioner may have many occasions to give advice concerning the strength and value of a domes- tic or foreign patent belonging to a client, a client's competitor, or a prospective licensor." Typically an international patent problem, which * Member of the Massachusetts Bar. B.S. 1968; J.D. 1973, Cornell University. The substance of this Article was originally presented to the International Business Transac- tions class at the Cornell Law School, March 1974.
  • Patent Cooperation Treaty and Regulations Under the PCT

    Patent Cooperation Treaty and Regulations Under the PCT

    Appendix T Patent Cooperation Treaty and Regulations Under the PCT Article 24 Possible Loss of Effect in Designated States Done at Washington on June 19, 1970, amended Article 25 Review by Designated Of®ces on September 28, 1979, modi®ed on February 3, Article 26 Opportunity to Correct Before 1984, and October 3, 2001 (as in force from April Designated Of®ces 1, 2002) Article 27 National Requirements Article 28 Amendment of the Claims, the TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Description, and the Drawings, Before Designated Of®ces Article 29 Effects of the International Publication : Introductory Provisions Article 30 Con®dential Nature of the International Article 1 Establishment of a Union Application Article 2 De®nitions CHAPTER II: International Preliminary CHAPTER I: International Application and Examination International Search Article 31 Demand for International Preliminary Article 3 The International Application Examination Article 4 The Request Article 32 The International Preliminary Article 5 The Description Examining Authority Article 6 The Claims Article 33 The International Preliminary Article 7 The Drawings Examination Article 8 Claiming Priority Article 34 Procedure Before the International Article 9 The Applicant Preliminary Examining Authority Article 10 The Receiving Of®ce Article 35 The International Preliminary Article 11 Filing Date and Effects of the Examination Report International Application Article 36 Transmittal, Translation, and Article 12 Transmittal of the International Communication, of the International Application to the
  • Patents Act 1953

    Patents Act 1953

    Reprint as at 24 February 2017 Patents Act 1953 Public Act 1953 No 64 Date of assent 26 November 1953 Commencement see section 1(2) Patents Act 1953: repealed, on 24 February 2017, by section 7(1) of the Patents (Trans-Tasman Patent Attorneys and Other Matters) Amendment Act 2016 (2016 No 89). Contents Page Title 6 1 Short Title and commencement 6 2 Interpretation 6 2A Act preserved for patent attorney provisions 10 3 Commissioner of Patents [Repealed] 10 4 Assistant Commissioners of Patents and other officers [Repealed] 10 5 Patent Office [Repealed] 10 5A Closing of Patent Office at short notice [Repealed] 10 6 Officers and employees of Patent Office not to acquire interest in 10 any patent or prepare specifications [Repealed] Application, investigation, opposition, etc [Repealed] 7 Persons entitled to make application [Repealed] 10 8 Application [Repealed] 10 9 Complete and provisional specifications [Repealed] 11 10 Contents of specification [Repealed] 11 Note Changes authorised by subpart 2 of Part 2 of the Legislation Act 2012 have been made in this official reprint. Note 4 at the end of this reprint provides a list of the amendments incorporated. This Act is administered by the Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment. 1 Reprinted as at Patents Act 1953 24 February 2017 11 Priority date of claims of complete specification [Repealed] 11 12 Examination of application [Repealed] 11 13 Search for anticipation by previous publication [Repealed] 11 14 Search for anticipation by prior claim [Repealed] 11 15 Commissioner may require
  • Patent Eligibility and Physicality in the Early History of Patent Law and Practice

    Patent Eligibility and Physicality in the Early History of Patent Law and Practice

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Arkansas at Little Rock: UALR Bowen Law Repository University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review Volume 38 Issue 2 Article 2 2016 Patent Eligibility and Physicality in the Early History of Patent Law and Practice Ben McEniery Follow this and additional works at: https://lawrepository.ualr.edu/lawreview Part of the European Law Commons, and the Legal History Commons Recommended Citation Ben McEniery, Patent Eligibility and Physicality in the Early History of Patent Law and Practice, 38 U. ARK. LITTLE ROCK L. REV. 175 (2016). Available at: https://lawrepository.ualr.edu/lawreview/vol38/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Bowen Law Repository: Scholarship & Archives. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review by an authorized editor of Bowen Law Repository: Scholarship & Archives. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PATENT ELIGIBILITY AND PHYSICALITY IN THE EARLY HISTORY OF PATENT LAW AND PRACTICE Ben McEniery* I. INTRODUCTION In recent times, the courts have been asked to determine whether, and to what extent, the patent system protects claims to inventions that do not involve a machine or other physical device and do not involve a physical transformation of matter from one state to another. It is uncontroversial that the patent system exists to provide an incentive to encourage the invention and commercialization of new products and processes and the disclosure by the patent applicant of information sufficient to enable a person skilled in the relevant field of technology to reproduce the claimed invention.
  • Morality: an Important Consideration at the Patent Office

    Morality: an Important Consideration at the Patent Office

    Morality: An Important Consideration at the Patent Office Julien Crockett* Recent developments in biotechnology have opened new avenues not only for research but also for patenting. However, recent United States Supreme Court decisions such as Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics demonstrate the interpretive difficulties these new technologies raise in patent law. Many scholars, for example, have argued that rather than using the “product of nature” doctrine and focusing on the line between human and natural constructs, the Court in Myriad should have ruled based on the doctrine’s policy goal: protecting the basic tools of scientific and technological work. Not doing so has led to doctrinal confusion, decreased patent protection, and increased uncertainty in industry. In addition, recent biotechnological developments also raise increased ethical concerns. These concerns should lead us to reconsider the relationship between patent law and ethics. After reviewing the history of intellectual property protection for biotechnology inventions, this Note considers the policy rationale of promoting “useful” inventions and proposes implementation of a new procedure for ethical review at the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Introduction ............................................................................................. 268 I. History of the Moral Utility Doctrine .................................................. 275 II. The Rise of the Biotechnology Industry ............................................ 278
  • Examination Handbook for Patent and Utility Model in Japan

    Examination Handbook for Patent and Utility Model in Japan

    Examination Handbook for Patent and Utility Model Japan Patent Office Table of Contents Part I Outline of Examination Part II Description and Claims Part III Patentability Part IV Amendments of Description, Claims or Drawings Part V Priority Part VI Special Applications Part VII Foreign Language Written Applications Part VIII International Patent Application Part IX Extension of Patent Term Part X Utility Model Part XI Affairs in General Annex Annex A Case Examples Annex B Application examples of the specific technical fields Annex C Handbook for Preparing Report of the Utility Model Technical Opinion Annex D Court precedents Note: When any ambiguity of interpretation is found in this provisional translation, the Japanese text shallPart prevail. I Chapter 1 Principles of the Examination and Flow of Examination Part I Oultine of Examination Contents Chapter 1 Principles of the Examination and Flow of Examination ......................... - 3 - 1101 Timing of Application of the Examination Guidelines and the Reasons for Refusal, etc. relating to the Examination Guidelines ............................................... - 3 - Chapter 2 Procedures of Examination ....................................................................... - 1 - 1201 Prior Art Searches by Registered Search Organizations .............................. - 1 - 1202 Submission of information to Patent Applications ....................................... - 3 - 1203 Examination When Utilizing the Search Result, etc. of Japan Patent Office as International Authority, Foreign
  • Patent Searching Glossary (PDF)

    Patent Searching Glossary (PDF)

    PATENT SEARCHING GLOSSARY Compiled by Carey Lening Graduate Research Assistant – Professor Jon R. Cavicchi Franklin Pierce Law Center This compilation is based on glossaries found in the bibliography of this work. A Abandon: To relinquish (explicitly or implicitly) a potential patent right. An application becomes abandoned by failure to respond to an office action within the required time, or by formal (“express”) declaration. A patent right can also be abandoned by simple inaction. Abandoned Invention: An unexploited invention on which no patent application is filed for a long, unexplained time during which others may have entered the field. Abandonment of Contest: In interference cases, the concession of priority or abandonment of the invention by a party, with the written consent of the assignee when an assignment has been made. Abandonment of Invention: To relinquish rights in an invention. In the U.S., an invention is considered to be abandoned, if within a reasonable time after the invention is completed, no actions are taken to make the invention publicly known. MPEP 2134, MPEP 2138.03 Abandonment of Patent Application: To relinquish, either by express abandonment or by inaction, a patent application. Abandonment by inaction typically involves failure to take a required action (e.g., filing an incomplete response or not paying a fee) during the statutory period for taking the action. A U.S. patent application that was unavoidably or unintentionally abandoned can be revived by petition. When a device is abandoned, it is returned to the public domain. See: Petition to Revive, Public Domain. MPEP 711 Abridgement: A summary of the disclosure of a patent specification, formerly written by the U.K.
  • Patenting Nature: a Problem of History Christopher Beauchamp Brooklyn Law School, Christopher.Beauchamp@Brooklaw.Edu

    Patenting Nature: a Problem of History Christopher Beauchamp Brooklyn Law School, [email protected]

    Brooklyn Law School BrooklynWorks Faculty Scholarship Winter 2013 Patenting Nature: A Problem of History Christopher Beauchamp Brooklyn Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/faculty Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons, Legal History Commons, and the Litigation Commons Recommended Citation 16 Stan. Tech. L. Rev. 257 (2013) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by BrooklynWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of BrooklynWorks. STANFORD TECHNOLOGY LAW REVIEW VOLUME 16, NUMBER 2 WINTER 2013 PATENTING NATURE: A PROBLEM OF HISTORY Christopher Beauchamp* CITE AS: 16 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 257 (2013) http://stlr.stanford.edu/pdf/patentingnature.pdf ABSTRACT The practice of patenting genetic material is currently under sharp attack. Recent litigation has forced the courts to grapple with the doctrinal basis for patenting DNA sequences identical to those found in nature. Faced with conflicting authorities and difficult policy questions, courts have leaned heavily on history to guide—or at least to justify—their decisions. This article explores the history in question. It traces the patent law’s changing treatment of “products of nature” in an attempt to untangle the origins of present-day patentability arguments. The evidence suggests that the historical foundations of the bar on patenting products of nature are surprisingly shaky. The article also reveals how isolated biological materials first came to be patented. This task, I argue, requires looking not only to court decisions, but also to the history of patent practice. My principal vehicle for doing so is the case of Parke-Davis & Co.
  • Guidelines for the General Practitioner David Silverstein

    Guidelines for the General Practitioner David Silverstein

    Cornell International Law Journal Volume 8 Article 1 Issue 2 May 1975 The alueV of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner David Silverstein Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Silverstein, David (1975) "The alueV of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner," Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 8: Iss. 2, Article 1. Available at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj/vol8/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cornell International Law Journal by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CORNELL INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL Volume 8 May 1975 Number 2 The Value of Patents in the United States and Abroad: Guidelines for the General Practitioner DAVID SILVERSTEIN* Although infrequently called upon to address the more technical aspects of patent practice, the general practitioner may have many occasions to give advice concerning the strength and value of a domes- tic or foreign patent belonging to a client, a client's competitor, or a prospective licensor." Typically an international patent problem, which * Member of the Massachusetts Bar. B.S. 1968; J.D. 1973, Cornell University. The substance of this Article was originally presented to the International Business Transac- tions class at the Cornell Law School, March 1974. The author acknowledges the valuable counsel and encouragment of Professor Robert A.
  • Inventing Invention: a Case Study of Legal Innovation John F

    Inventing Invention: a Case Study of Legal Innovation John F

    Inventing Invention: A Case Study of Legal Innovation John F. Duffy* “[T]he so-called patentability requirement was invented by the Americans, in particular the Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court in the famous case Hotchkiss v. Greenwood in 1850.”1 This is a story about innovation — legal innovation. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, all countries having patent systems generally required patentable inventions to be both new and useful. Those two requirements have now been joined by a third: Patentable inventions must be new, useful and nonobvious. This development is not unique to the law of the United States. Every nation in the World Trade Organization applies these three standards in awarding patents.2 Though nonobviousness is the most recently developed of the three requirements for obtaining a patent, it now generally considered to be the defining feature of invention. Indeed, in United States, what is today called “nonobviousness” was for about a century known as the “invention doctrine,” and n many countries, the doctrine is still known as “inventive step” or simply the patentability requirement (as in the above quote). The doctrine is widely understood to be so fundamental to the proper functioning of the patent system that it can be accurately described as the “final gatekeeper of the patent system,”3 the “ultimate condition of * Oswald Symister Colclough Research Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School. 1 See, e.g., Freidrich-Karl Beier, The Inventive Step in its Historical Development, 17 Intern’l Rev. Indus. Prop. & Copyright L. (IIC) 301, 304 (1986). 2 See TRIPs Article 27.1, which requires member countries to award patents for all inventions that “are new, involve an inventive step and are capable of industrial application.” A footnote defines “‘inventive step’ and ‘capable of industrial application’ ..
  • The Historical Protection of Patents Under the Takings Clause

    The Historical Protection of Patents Under the Takings Clause

    PATENTS AS CONSTITUTIONAL PRIVATE PROPERTY: THE HISTORICAL PROTECTION OF PATENTS UNDER THE TAKINGS CLAUSE ADAM MOSSOFF INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 690 I. MODERN MYOPIA:NO PATENTS UNDER THE TAKINGS CLAUSE......... 693 II. THE HISTORY OF PATENTS AS CONSTITUTIONAL PRIVATE PROPERTY............................................................................................ 700 III. PATENTS,PROPERTY, AND CONSTITUTIONAL PRIVATE PROPERTY – PAST AND PRESENT ............................................................................. 711 CONCLUSION................................................................................................... 724 Conventional wisdom maintains that early courts never protected patents as constitutional private property under the Takings Clause. In examining long- forgotten judicial opinions and legislative records, this Article reveals that this is a profoundly mistaken historical claim. Nineteenth-century courts, securing to inventors the fruits of their labors, enthusiastically applied the Takings Clause to patents, and Congress explicitly codified this jurisprudence in the early twentieth century. It is perplexing that this historical development in both constitutional law and patent law has become obscured to modern courts and scholars. This Article thus concludes with a possible answer to this conundrum, drawing upon the intellectual history of property theory: Ultimately, the eclipse of the nineteenth-century patent takings