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ADVENT REVIEW AND SABBATH HERALD • GENERAL CHURCH PAPER OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS

SPECIAL ANNIVERSARY ISSUE overcome sin as did Jesus (Rev. 3:21). Then God will have been vindicated fully, and the universe will be eter- nally secure. Church With a Unique What makes "the everlasting gospel" of Revelation 14 so important? For one thing, it is God's last message. For Message and Mission another, it prepares people for the coming of Christ. (We shall return to these points later.) But it is particularly im- portant because "through this message the character of What is the Seventh-day Adventist God in Christ is to be manifested to the world" (Testimo- nies, vol. 6, p. 20). This message portrays God as He really is—a loving, personal God who is both Creator and Up- Church trying to do in the world? holder of all things, a God of law and justice, but a God who will go to infinite lengths of self-denial and sacrifice to Why is its message so important? rescue the lost, a God who has made provision through His self-revelation in Jesus Christ not merely to justify the sinner but to sanctify him, not merely to impute right- eousness to him but to keep him from sinning (Jude 24), and to fit him for companionship with the sinless angels By THE EDITOR of heaven. The threefold message of Revelation 14 is "the ever- THIS 125TH anniversary of the founding of the RE- lasting gospel" (verse 6). It sets forth vividly the awful VIEW AND HERALD (1850-1975) is a good time to ask, nature of sin, and the results of rebellion against God; it What is the Seventh-day Adventist Church trying to do calls attention to the judgment; and it warns against iden- in the world? One thing is clear. Seventh-day Adventists believe that tifying with the forces of apostasy. But the center of the message is Jesus. Thus Ellen White wrote: "There is a the movement to which they belong is unique, that it is great work to be done, and every effort possible must be not "just another church" among the hundreds of Chris- tian churches in the world. made to reveal Christ as the sin-pardoning Saviour, . . . This claim to uniqueness may sound like a dissonant Christ as the bright and morning Star."—Ibid., pp. 20, note in a religious world where the symphony of ecu- 21. "The great Center of attraction, Jesus Christ, must menism and pluralism is being played with ever-increas- not be left out of the third angel's message."—Evangel- ing skill and enthusiasm, but we make it nonetheless. ism, p. 184. We believe that the Advent Movement was brought into "The everlasting gospel" of Revelation 14, presented existence by God at exactly the right time to fulfill proph- in the context of the three angels' messages, is, as we ecy, as surely as ancient Israel was chosen by God and led mentioned earlier, "the last message. There are no more into the Promised Land. We believe that the Advent mes- to follow, no more invitations of mercy to be given after sage—the threefold message of Revelation 14—must go this message shall have done its work."—Testimonies, to the entire world, and that it is designed to meet today's vol. 5, pp. 206, 207. As the last message, it is designed to issues and needs just as the messages of Noah, Elijah, prepare human beings—earth's last generation—to meet Jonah, and John the Baptist met the needs in their day. Christ face to face at His coming, and to be taken with We believe that no other body of Christians is giving this Him to heaven. message, hence we must do what prophecy calls for— Not Merely Verbal, but Visible take it to "every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and Thus it deals with the total person—body, as well as people" (Rev. 14:6). mind and spirit. It presents the plan of salvation as a total This we are trying to do. We are trying to give every per- redemptive effort by God to rescue human beings from son in every land a fair opportunity to hear the message. the power and effects of sin. It shows that the gospel pro- We believe that "everyone is to have sufficient light to vides not merely forgiveness but victory over sin (Rom. make his decision intelligently."—The Great Contro- 1:16; Jude 24; Titus 2:11-14). It sets forth the laws that versy, p. 605. "The light of the gospel shall extend to ev- govern the body as being divinely ordained, and teaches ery soul upon the earth."—Thoughts From the Mount of people how to live in harmony with those laws so that Blessing, p. 42. "All will have sufficient light to accept the they may enjoy optimum health, avoiding many of the saving truth, obey God's requirements in keeping all His diseases and illnesses that result from violations of commandments and be saved."—Ellen G. White letter physical law. It points out that spiritual health and physi- 19b, 1874, pp. 3, 4. cal health are closely related, that God wants people to In harmony with Christ's words, we believe that the have a sound mind in a sound body. Second Advent will take place only after the gospel has Thus the message that Adventists present to the world been proclaimed worldwide. "This gospel of the kingdom includes a "health reform" feature, designed to correct shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto all na- habits and patterns of living that are inimical to good tions; and then shall the end come" (Matt. 24:14). God is a health, and offering suggestions on diet, exercise, rest, God of love, and He wants "all men to be saved, and to and mental attitudes that will enable a person to enjoy come unto the knowledge of the truth" (1 Tim. 2:4), "the abundant life." Adventist health-care institutions therefore we are determined to give people an opportu- are designed not merely to restore people to health but to nity to hear and accept the "everlasting gospel" message teach them how to live so that they may maintain health. of Revelation 14. In presenting the final message of mercy to the world, We believe that this message must be presented clearly Seventh-day Adventists recognize that their witness to all before human probation can close and God can must not merely be verbal, it must be visible. The world terminate the sad chapter of sin that for millenniums has must be able to see in Adventists a living demonstration caused such anguish not only in this world but throughout of the power of the gospel. It must see in them a harmony the universe. Satan lost the sympathy of the universe between what they preach and how they live. It must see when he crucified Christ, but he and his followers can in them the character of Christ revealed—God's love, safely be destroyed only after human beings, saved by longsuffering, gentleness, purity, kindness, tact, courage, grace, have shown that God was just, and did not expect dependability, self-discipline, and all the other virtues too much when He commanded them to obey His law and that make up His winsome and perfect character.

2 (1298) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE In Revelation 14 the climactic event of the ages—the has He found the degree of divine-human cooperation second coming of Christ—is pictured immediately after necessary for this Gift to be appreciated and to accom- the angel declares, "Here are they that keep the com- plish its work. mandments of God, and the faith of Jesus" (verse 12). We come back, then, to the question raised at the be- Clearly, when God has a people who live the life of faith, ginning of this article: What are Seventh-day Adventists as Jesus did (Rev. 3:21), a people who by keeping His trying to do in the world? In summary we answer: We are commandments reveal that they identify fully with the trying to reach every person on earth with the everlasting principles of His government—in short, when He has a gospel in the context of the three angels' messages of people who reflect the image of Jesus fully—the Second Revelation 14. We are endeavoring to do this because God Advent will take place (see Christ's Object Lessons, p. has commissioned us to do this, and because we believe 69). that the Advent message is the only message capable of To achieve the task set before them—to reach the en- preparing the total person, body, mind, and soul, for tire world with the gospel, and to develop a character like translation to heaven at the second advent of Christ. that of their Lord—Seventh-day Adventists recognize This message sets forth Christ and Him crucified as the that they are completely dependent on divine power— center of all truth and as Lord of the life. It points to Him the early and latter rains and the gentle, continual as the Creator, Redeemer, and Judge. It reveals Him as showers of the Holy Spirit. The early rain aids germination the only source of righteousness—imputed righteousness at seed-sowing time; the latter rain aids maturation at for justification, imparted righteousness for sanctifica- harvesttime. In the life of the Christian the early rain is tion. It declares not merely that the gospel is the good given at the time of conversion to provide impetus to news that forgiveness is available through Christ but that character growth and development; the latter rain is power is available through Him to live victoriously as He given to perfect the character. In the life of the church the lived. early rain was given at Pentecost; the latter rain will be This message, as did the message of John the Baptist, given to ripen earth's spiritual harvest, giving power to demands repentance and a change in the way we live— the church for the final proclamation of the gospel, and sometimes a drastic change. And, like the message of Eli- fitting God's people to meet successfully every assault jah, it calls upon all to choose between Christ and Satan. by Satan. It urges people to accept Christ as Lord, and warns against "The ripening of the grain represents the completion giving allegiance to Satan. Since Satan has attempted to of the work of God's grace in the soul. By the power of alter the Ten Commandments by substituting the first day the Holy Spirit the moral image of God is to be perfected of the week for the seventh-day Sabbath as the day of in the character. We are to be wholly transformed into the rest, it calls upon all to demonstrate their loyalty to God likeness of Christ. The latter rain, ripening earth's har- by repudiating the counterfeit day of rest and accepting vest, represents the spiritual grace that prepares the the Sabbath of the fourth commandment, the seal of church for the coming of the Son of man. . . . The growth God's law, the sign of sanctification (Eze. 20:12), the and perfection of the seed rests not with the husband- symbol of rest from sin. man. God alone can ripen the harvest. But man's coop- In the 125 years during which the REVIEW AND HERALD eration is required."—Testimonies to Ministers, pp. has been published, the Seventh-day Adventist Church 506-508. has not completed its task. It has not evangelized the en- The early and latter rains, as experienced by God's peo- tire world. It has not thrown off its Laodicean self-satis- ple who face the ultimate challenge from Satan (who, faction. But, thank God, revival and reformation will working through the beast and his image, demands that all come. The gospel commission will be fulfilled. The receive his mark or be put to death), are designed to pro- church will triumph. In vision John the revelator saw the duce a special kind of people, a people who will be safe to victorious saints on the sea of glass in heaven (Rev. be translated and integrated into the Sinless society of 15:2). heaven. "The truth is to elevate, to cleanse, to purify, to No one knows exactly when Jesus will come. But we sanctify, to fit us for translation, prepare us for the com- know that He is coming soon, and that we can hasten His pany of holy angels, sinless beings in the kingdom of coming by completing our divinely assigned commission God."—Ellen G. White letter 11, 1861. quickly. So let us make a new commitment to Christ. The Anxiously God has watched His people decade after work can be finished in this generation. And if it can be, decade since 1844, eager to send the latter rain; but not yet why shouldn't it be? ❑

Replica of the first steam press operated by the Review and Herald Publishing Association. In- SECiiN .11)1 I, \I RI., \ \1, stalled in the Battle Creek plant, it was an Adams New Patent Power Printing Press. This is the first time that an Adventist historical publication has pictured a genuine Adams press. Previous replicas of the first steam press were of a Hoe press. The R. Hoe and Company bought out the Adams com- pany in 1859, but James White made his purchase in 1857. Credit • for researching this point and for acquiring a print of the --N.--

Adams press goes to Ron Graybill, assistant secretary of the ...4t.... ...... «...... • ry .. • to FA ••••••*14114.1;1. ....• '7.74=.1'. " %KW Ellen G. White Estate. On the right .••1 is the cover of the .....a.a first issue of the ... Review, pub- lished in Paris, Maine, Novem- ber, 1850.

The Advent Review and Sabbath Herald is published every Thursday by the Review and Herald Publishing Association, 6856 Eastern Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20012, U.S.A. Second-class postage paid at Washington, D.C. Copyright (g) 1975, by the Review and Herald Publishing Association. Vol. 152, No. 51. "111I-411Pr."1111,:,7111P7,.." Pw,.....'''‘Olw-.711I,7111 hours of backbreaking work ington, D.C., and temporary had already brought three quarters were set up on North pressmen low with disease Capitol Street in August, Printing Places and Presses (REVIEW, March 19, 1857). 1903. The press was installed be- Land on the present site was By AILEEN ANDRES fore the steam engine was purchased, and in 1906 a three- purchased, and for more than story-and-basement building, IT IS A LONG, sacrificial "willing to live cheaply, that two months the press was 60 by 90 feet, was occupied. road from an 1850 New Eng- the paper might be sustained" turned by hand. By October, The many additions, remodel- land home to a 1975 four- (ibid., pp. 139, 140). 1857, a three-horsepower ings, and face-lifts of the pres- story brick printing plant, For the first two years of its steam engine was installed, ent plant make it an interesting from a Washington hand existence, the paper, now and the October 8 issue of the if perplexing maze for the un- press to a press capable of commonly known as the RE- REVIEW was printed, as Uriah initiated to negotiate. The 32,000 impressions an hour. VIEW, was printed by commer- Smith put it, "by steam which most recent addition, com- The story of that road and the cial shops, first in Paris, never tires" (REVIEW, Oct. pleted in December, 1973, men and women who walked Maine, later in Saratoga 15, 1857). increased the floor space by it is the story of the develop- Springs, New York. In 1861 a two-story brick 59,000 square feet. ment of the REVIEW and with Upon moving to Rochester, structure was erected in place Beginning sometime in it the Review and Herald New York, in 1852, the Whites of the first wooden building. February, 1976, a new, mil- Publishing Association. rented a house for $175 a year It contained about 2,800 feet lion-dollar web press will As I sit in my office at the and purchased a Washington of floor space. Other buildings print the REVIEW. As simply Review and Herald, listening hand press, type, and office were added and combined as I can describe it, a web to the rumble of the presses fixtures, for $652.93. The with the first until, by 1887, press is one that uses huge two floors below, I marvel at printing office was located in the publishing house had rolls of paper, instead of the dedication and courage the home, and the staff about 50,000 square feet of sheets of paper. It prints both that led James and Ellen boarded with the Whites. floor space. sides of the magazine at once, White to .initiate that road. Everyone ate a meager diet, The plant was prospering, in four colors if desired, and They began by responding mostly beans and porridge but partly because it was doing delivers dried, folded copies to God's command for James supplemented by vegetables commercial printing of ma- in one operation. to "write, write, write, and from the garden. terials that compromised With the new press we will walk out by faith" (Life By 1855 Elder White was in church teachings. In Novem- be able to print 32,000 impres- Sketches, p. 126). For James, ill health and in debt $2,500. ber, 1901, Ellen White sent a sions an hour instead of the at least, walking by faith Appealing for financial aid, solemn warning to the board 22,000 an hour that our pres- meant trips by foot. During he accepted the offer of a containing this statement: "I ent, very tired web produces. July, August, and Septem- building for the Review and have been almost afraid to A 32-page four-color REVIEW ber, 1849, he frequently Herald office in Battle Creek, open the REVIEW, fearing to issue will require only one walked the eight miles to and Michigan. The frame build- see that God has cleansed the press run rather than two as from Middletown, Connecti- ing, land, and construction publishing house by fire."— now, thus saving six to eight cut, where a commercial shop cost $1,200. This building, the Testimonies, vol. 8, p. 91. hours of press time and a good printed four issues of The first owned to house the pub- A fire of unknown origin deal of time in the bindery. Present Truth. lishing work, was held in broke out on December 30, The walk of faith begun 125 Because the Whites moved James White's name. 1902, completely destroying years ago by James and Ellen from place to place visiting In May, 1857, Elder White the publishing house within White continues today. By and encouraging the scattered made a call for a power press, one hour after it began. Noth- God's grace and the faith of believers, issues of The Pres- pointing out that it took three ing of value was saved. His people, there will not be ent Truth and The Advent Re- days on the hand press to After much search, the many more miles in the road view (added August, 1850), print the REVIEW, not to church decided to move the before it reaches the kingdom predecessors of the REVIEW, mention the fact that the long Review and Herald to Wash- of heaven. ❑ were published from different towns and irregularly. In November, 1850, a new paper, the Advent Review and Sabbath Herald, printed by G. L. Mellen & Co., of Paris, Maine, appeared. The Whites were boarding with friends,

The Washington hand press, left, was used to publish the Review from 1852 until 1857. It took three days to print each issue on that press. In February, 1976, a new web press like the one on the right will print the Review in six hours, at 32,000 printing impressions an hour.

4 (1300) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE church all over the world. His editorial policy promoted church unity during political Only Nine Editors in 125 Years and social upheaval. Francis D. Nichol served as By JOCELYN FAY editor for 21 years. For a time he also edited Life and Health During the 125 years of its published in the REVIEW be- magazine, and during a five- history, the REVIEW AND fore it appeared in book form, year period was chief editor HERALD has had only nine thus helping to establish Sev- of the Seventh-day Adventist editors. Three of these, James enth-day Adventist prophetic Bible Commentary. A man of White, J. N. Andrews, and interpretation. Most of his enormous energies, he was a W. A. Spicer, also served the other 15 books appeared first valiant defender of the faith church as president of the in serial form in the REVIEW. and one whose confidence in General Conference. One of A member of the publishing Ellen G. White as a possessor them, Elder White, served board when he was only 21, of the gift of prophecy was un- the two positions simultane- working with Elders Smith bounded. He died in 1966 and ously for a while. and White, J. N. Andrews was succeeded by editor num- James White, the paper's took over the editorship for a ber nine, Kenneth H. Wood. founder and first editor, was ten-month period when Elder Prior to his appointment as also the church's chief Smith was physically ex- James White editor, Elder Wood had been founder. Through his vigorous hausted. When Elder An- associate editor for ten and a editorials he urged organiza- drews' own health failed, El- half years. Born in China of tion, which was finally ef- der Smith had to return to the missionary parents, he lived in fected by the church's adopt- job three weeks earlier than he dent of three Seventh-day Ad- that country until he was 15. ing its name, Seventh-day had planned. Elder Andrews' ventist colleges simultane- After graduation from Pacific Adventist, in 1860; by the or- scholarship helped to estab- ously. Recognized as a Bible Union College he served as ganization of the Seventh-day lish a strong Biblical base for and history scholar, he con- pastor-evangelist in three con- Adventist Publishing Asso- some of the church's doc- tributed to the church's un- ferences and as lay activities ciation and of the first confer- trines. His studies led to the derstanding of the humanity of and Sabbath school secretary ence, Michigan, in 1861; and observance of the Sabbath Christ. in the New Jersey and Colum- of the General Conference in from sundown to sundown in- W. A. Spicer, a warm- bia Union conferences. Along 1863. In addition, he selected stead of from 6:00 o'clock to hearted and much-loved with articles in almost every and wrote articles that united 6:00 o'clock, and helped to church leader, wrote for the denominational journal, he the believers and new con- establish the practice of tith- REVIEW for 50 years. Most of has authored three books: verts in a common faith and ing. his articles were written with Meditations for Moderns, an orderly fellowship. a stubby pencil on paper he Relevant Religion, and His The task of publishing the Another Young Editor carried with him as he traveled Initials Were F.D.N., a biog- church paper was exhausting, Another young man who around the world. He was ap- raphy of his predecessor. so much so that James White served as editor was Alonzo T. pointed REVIEW editor when It is inconceivable that any and Uriah Smith alternated Jones. Elders Jones and E. J. he returned to the United of the REVIEW'S nine editors editorship between 1850 and Waggoner had been the prin- States in 1909 from mission would take the job for money 1881, the year of Elder White's cipal proponents of right- service in India. Later he or fame or power. They were death. For a number of years eousness by faith at the 1888 served as General Confer- gifted men who answered the Elder Smith was editor, General Conference session. ence president for eight years. call to this responsibility by proofreader, business man- Elder Jones was made editor After his retirement he served devoting their time and en- ager, and bookkeeper, simul- of the REVIEW in 1897, doubt- as an associate editor and ergy to their fellow church taneously. He worked on the less to give even greater filled in as editor for six members. And it seems that REVIEW nearly 50 years in all, prominence to this central ar- months after F. M. Wilcox's each was called to the job at a 34 years as editor in chief, 12 ticle of the Christian church. retirement. time when his particular tal- years as an associate. Perhaps The first editor of the RE- Elder Wilcox, editor num- ents were needed to add a new his most important contribu- VIEW after its move to Wash- ber seven, had the longest con- dimension to the magazine— tion to the young church was ington, D.C., in 1903, was tinuous term of editorship-33 to help guide church thought publishing a verse-by-verse W. W. Prescott. Elder Pres- years, from 1911 to 1944. He as the church has sought to commentary on Daniel and cott was distinguished as an served during two world wars, fulfill its mission during the the Revelation, which was educator; in fact, he was presi- a very difficult time for the past 125 years. ❑

James White, at the top of the page, was the Review's founder. Other Review editors are pictured from left to right in the order of their first editorship: Uriah Smith, J. N. Andrews, A. T. Jones, W. W. Prescott, W. A. Spicer, F. M. Wilcox, F. D. Nichol, Kenneth H. Wood.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1301) 5 ,111111.- mendous challenge before it. The appeals that went forth to the world field from these two councils have, I feel sure, under God, made a tremendous impact upon all of us as How We See the Issues Adventist members pretAring to meet the Lord. In the area of 13iblic41 studies I should mention the es- tablishment of the church's seminary in 1937, resulting in A conversation between a more highly trained and efficient ministry. In 1953-1957 the church produced its own Bible commentary. While our doctrines have not changed, I believe they are better R. R. Figuhr and R. H. Pierson understood today. Each new generation must verify for itself that the doctrines are true and must proclaim them about the SDA Church convincingly to its contemporaries. This is what we are endeavoring to do today. and its future Figuim Yes, I believe if our pioneers of 125 years ago were resurrected they would have no problem identify- ing with present-day Seventh-day Adventist doctrines. Additional light has come to the church during the past 125 Figuhr: I'm sure none of the founders of our church years, which has served to give us a deeper and broader expected that we would still be in this world 125 years understanding of the doctrines. But it hasn't changed after the REVIEW AND HERALD first began to be pub- them. The church is still proclaiming the three angels' lished. Why do you think Christ hasn't come yet? messages. Pierson: Ellen White gave at least a partial answer to Pierson: Though our doctrines haven't changed basic- that question when she wrote that if the purpose of God ally, in one way the church has changed. It is more inter- had been carried out by His people in giving the message national in its composition. Today more of the work is of mercy to the world, Christ would have come "ere carried on by nationals in their own countries. This inter- this"—and she wrote that in 1883. national character has affected even the General Confer- Figuhr: I agree that the task assigned the church is not ence staff. yet completed, nevertheless the church's accomplish- Figuhr: It has been a great thrill to me to see what was ments during the past 125 years have been impressive. once an American-based church spread to many coun- The church has greatly increased numerically and has tries, until today four fifths of the membership is in coun- extended its work to the uttermost parts of the earth. tries other than the United States. I believe it has been for Some of our teachings in the area of health, for example, our good, and will continue to be so. that at one time medical science considered extreme and Pierson: My great burden is for the spirituality of the fanatical have come to be appreciated and accepted. The church. Materialism and worldliness seem to have such a establishment of our institutions in many lands has been strong hold upon many in the church. I wish every mem- no mean work of faith. ber would adopt as his motto Matthew 6:33: "Seek ye In your opinion what are some of the outstanding de- first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness." If all of nominational events since 1850? us would follow the instruction of the Saviour in making Pierson: If I were to single out two or three events of Him first through the study of His Word, talking with Him prime import to me in the 125 years of Adventist history, in prayer, and sharing our faith with those around us, I would include the organization of the church in 1860; then we would be placing right priorities on our time and the sending out of our first missionary in 1874, an event attention. I long for this to happen in our church. that marked the beginning of our worldwide mission pro- gram; the 1888 General Conference session in Minneapo- Figuhr: I share your burden. One of the church's lis, the reverberations of which we still feel; and the 1901 greatest needs is that of deeper spirituality. Our theology is correct; it is Bible based and well established on a firm General Conference session, when an effective reorgani- foundation, but it needs to be brought into the life. Cor- zation of the world church took place. In more recent rect theology alone will not save a person. years I believe the 1973 and 1974 Annual Councils were of great importance. Here the leadership of the world church Pierson: Ellen Whife makes it clear that the message to the Laodiceans applies to us. Many of us in the church sensed anew both the church's spiritual need and the tre- today are lukewarm, apathetic, prone to go the way of the world, and really quite satisfied with our experience. But she tells us how to correct these deficiencies: "The heart must be purified from sins which have so long shut out Jesus. This fearful message will do its work. When it was first presented, it led to close examination of heart. Sins were confessed, and the people of God were stirred ev- R. R. Figuhr, left, was General erywhere. "— Testimonies, vol. 1, p. 186. Conference president, 1954- 1966. Robert H. Pierson, the Only a response similar to that experienced by the peo- church's present leader, below, ple of God when the message first came will get us back succeeded Elder Figuhr and was on right course now. As I have said over and over again re-elected in 1970 and 1975. publicly and personally for the past nine years, the great- est need of the church is genuine repentance, true re- vival, and thorough reformation. A non-Adventist government official who has known our church for many, many years spoke to one of our members recently. "There was a time," he said, "when we could tell Seventh-day Adventists on th9 street by the way they dressed and conducted themselves. Now it is very difficult to differentiate between an Adventist and someone else." Too many of us today dress like the world, act like the world, talk like the world, and we have lost the first love and zeal for the message that characterized our spiritual confidence." Our message has stood the test of time. The progenitors. great pillars of our faith stand steadfast and unmoved. God's people today are still to be a called-out people, We can continue onward with confidence. a people who are different from the world about us! Pierson: Yes, there is much reason for confidence and What do you think we leaders can do to help our mem- courage. Letters from personal contacts with workers bers respond to the appeal of the True Witness to the and laymen alike indicate that large numbers of God's Laodiceans? people are moving into line and seeking Him more ear- Figuhr: When Israel was on the borders of the Prom- nestly than ever before. ised Land the Lord's words to Joshua, the newly ap- Figuhr: To me a very encouraging fact about the Ad- pointed leader, were courage and forward. I believe this vent Movement has been the loyalty and steadfastness also is the word to our leaders today. In our day, with of our members to our church organization, to our lead- problems increasing in number and in complexity, cour- ers, and to the principles of our faith. There may be a few age, born of a firm faith in God, is demanded of our lead- exceptions here and there, but the overwhelming ma- ers in carrying to completion the task committed to this jority of the members are loyal and steadfast. people. Such a spirit of courage and commitment, Pierson: I think our church's publishing work has founded on faith, will reach down into the ranks of our contributed a great deal to this loyalty and steadfastness, members. and I have no question that our publications will con- If you could address all of God's people at once what tinue to play an increasingly important role in the church would be the theme of your message? in the days ahead. If there ever was a time when all our Pierson: The theme of my message under such cir- publishing houses should be working around the clock cumstances would be to uplift Jesus as our all-sufficient producing truth-filled literature, both for members Saviour, revealing His ability to help us spiritually, tem- within the church and for those who must be reached out- porally, and physically. side the church, that time is now. We must place increas- Figuhr: My theme would be "Cast not away . . . your ing emphasis upon our publishing work. Figuhr: More than a thousand, we are told, will soon be converted in a day, who will trace their first contact This historic photo first appeared on the cover of the General with the teachings of Adventists to our literature that Conference Bulletin, June 4, 1909. These workers, who had they have read. Of our intrachurch publications I thank served in Australia, gathered at Washington Foreign Mission Seminary, now Columbia Union College, Takoma Park, Mary- God particularly for our church paper, the REVIEW. It has land. Ellen White, 81 years of age, addressed the delegates proved to be a remarkably effective organ among SDA's several times during this, the last session she attended. Pic- in fostering the spiritual health and growth of church tured are: 1. Hattie Andre, missionary, teacher, dean of members. It has kept our members in touch with our women; 2. W. C. White, son of James and Ellen; 3. Ellen G. White; 4. Sara McEnterfer, companion, editorial assistant to growing world work and has helped greatly in maintain- Ellen White; 5. S. N. Haskell, evangelist, administrator; 6. ing a spirit of loyalty to the program of the church. It also E. W. Farnsworth, evangelist, administrator; 7. E. R. Palmer, has been effective in establishing our members in the Review and Herald manager, 1912-1931; 8. John Burden, ad- faith. I salute this paper on this its 125th anniversary. ministrator, founder of the College of Medical Evangelists; 9. Mrs. Burden; 10. Mary Daniel's; 11. A. G. Daniells, General Pierson: The R,EVIEW is a great unifying agency, and Conference president, 1901-1922; 12. Dr. Daniel Kress; 13. during the past 125 years God has used it to inform and G. A. Irwin, General Conference president, 1897-1901, inspire the church membership in the English-speaking founder of Pacific Union College; 14. Mrs. Irwin; 15. W. C. world. I rejoice that the REVIEW is now published in Sisley, architect, builder; 16. 0. A. Olsen, General Confer- ence president, 1888-1897; 17. A. T. Robinson, minister, ad- Spanish, as well as in English, and I hope that soon this ministrator; 18. D. E. Robinson, secretary, editor; 19. G. B. coverage will be increased at least to Portuguese, Ger- Starr, minister, teacher, administrator; 20. Minnie Hawkins man, and French. Our people today really need the RE- Crisler; 21. Mabel White, Arthur White's half sister. VIEW. I appreciate the fact that the REVIEW is abreast of the times and yet anchored to the Rock. I too salute it, and wish its producers God's continued blessing. Figuhr: Every church member should be a reader of the REVIEW. There is no better way to keep up with the progress of the work than by regularly reading our church paper, the REVIEW. ❑

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1303) 7 `.4111 I -.1111 II 4111111I" PP" `ROI \ \IIP'"OI \ IIIII."41111I \ -"Mr' \ -'1% " 'inI An Overview of History From 1850 to 1975 uppw ..4111 ventists, a need was felt for in subsequent conferences, some kind of simple organiza- culminating in the creation of tion. The term church order the General Conference of A Church Is Born was increasingly discussed, Seventh-day Adventists in and early in the 1850's local May, 1863. The essential fea- 1850 - 1875 elders and deacons were being tures of the constitution appointed in some groups of adopted at this time served By GODFREY T. ANDERSON Adventist believers. the church well for the bal- The idea of organizing as a ance of the century. A plan AFTER the great Disap- the Seventh-day Adventist church was anathema to all adopted in 1859 for the sup- pointment of October 22, Church from its inception but a very few of the early port of the ministry, known 1844, the believers in the cannot be told without taking Adventist-Sabbatarians, as as systematic benevolence, Second Advent were in dis- note of the publishing work. well as to the so-called nomi- met the financial needs for a array and seriously frag- No doubt James White and nal Adventists. To a large ex- time until supplanted by the mented. One group that in- Joseph Bates learned this les- tent they agreed completely tithing system in the late creasingly received direction son well from Joshua V. with George Storrs's view, 1870's. from a triumvirate composed Himes's activities in publiciz- which he expressed in The of Joseph Bates and James ing the message and mission Midnight Cry as early as 1844, A Movement Led by Young and Ellen White, emerged by of William Miller a decade that "no church can be or- People mid-century in agreement on earlier. The Present Truth in ganized by man's invention, In the formative years a certain basic points of doc- 1849, followed by the Advent for it becomes Babylon the majority of those whom we trine. The group, which was Review the next year, were moment it is orggnized." honor today as pioneers of to become the Seventh-day preliminary to the publication, As debate and discussion the Seventh-day Adventist Adventist Church, had ac- November, 1850, of the Sec- developed in the 1850's it be- Church joined the developing cepted by 1850 the Bible and ond Advent Review and Sab- came increasingly clear, to movement. A review of the the Bible only as their rule bath Herald, the anniversary some at least, that organiza- ages reveals that in its in- of faith and duty; the law of of which is celebrated in this tion was essential for a number ception this was indeed a God as immutable, including special issue. This journal, of reasons. Proper support movement carried forward by the binding obligation to which has attained the vener- for the ministry could then be young people. If we exclude honor the seventh-day Sab- able age of 125 years, has provided; new fields could be Joseph Bates and John Bying- bath; the imminent personal contributed beyond calcula- entered with the message; ton, both born before the Advent of Christ; the condi- tion to the upbuilding and church property could be ac- nineteenth century, we find tional immortality of the growth of the Seventh-day quired and safeguarded; Ad- that the average age of ten soul; the ministry of Christ in Adventist Church around the ventist congregations could be who became leaders was 21.3 the heavenly sanctuary; and world down to our day. Before protected from unworthy years at the mid-century. the third angel's message as long, in 1852, a paper for the members and preachers; and These ten were James and it related to those of the first young people, The Youth's the publishing work could be Ellen White, J. N. Andrews, and second angels. Instructor, came from the legalized and stabilized. J. N. Loughborough, M. E. In addition to these basic presses, as well as hymn col- As the issues were con- Cornell, J. H. Waggoner, beliefs, this small group en- lections and an assortment of sidered in conferences and in Uriah Smith, George Amadon, dorsed baptism by immersion, tracts and books. the columns of the REVIEW, S. N. Haskell, and G. I. But- the ordinance of foot washing The importance of the pub- consensus gradually emerged. ler. and the Lord's Supper, and lishing work is well illustrated In a conference held at Battle Another feature of these certain unique interpretations by the fact that Charles Dar- Creek in 1860 the name Sev- developing years was the role of prophecy. Not long after win's Origin of Species ap- enth-day Adventist was of women and lay members this the editor of the REVIEW peared in 1859, and made a chosen after lengthy con- in the work. To cite one il- could write, "We are a united, profound impact on the scien- sideration and with the undy- lustration, it was lay women in happy people . . . and have a tific and religious worlds. ing opposition of some who 1869 who provided the genius harmonious system of truth Soon after a common bond favored Church of God above of tract and missionary work to present." of fellowship developed the name selected. Other or- in the church by bringing into The story of the rise of among Sabbathkeeping Ad- ganizational plans were laid being the Vigilant Missionary

-.41111 II '`.11 41111W' 111111w '•41I \ -q141I - 41111." -.411111II '`.11 1411W- `',11 OW' '•11 NIP' "MW Society, forerunner of the the list of items that were to James C. Jackson's water- schools as early as 1853. tract and missionary activi- be eliminated from the diet. cure institute, "Our Home," Abortive attempts were made ties of the church. Alcohol was not under at- at Dansville, New York, the in the early years at Battle The year that marked the tack, apparently because idea of establishing a health Creek and elsewhere to start formal organization of the many Christian groups by the facility in Battle Creek took church schools, but it was not General Conference wit- mid-century had accepted the form. With the encouragement until 1872 that Goodloe H. nessed the emergence of a premise previously set forth of Ellen White the Western Bell opened the first Seventh- Seventh-day Adventist posi- by the temperance reformers. Health Reform Institute day Adventist church school tion on health reform. In Joseph Bates for more than opened its doors in Battle at Battle Creek. Two years June, 1863, Ellen White saw in 30 years prior to the health Creek in the fall of 1866, later Battle Creek College vision that it was a sacred stand of the 1860's had es- dedicated to practicing ra- opened with an enrollment duty incumbent on Christians chewed the use of all of the tional remedies with emphasis of 100. Subsequently it was to attend to their health and to dietary items condemned at on water treatments. From a moved to Berrien Springs, speak out against intemper- this time. Dress reform was humble beginning the institu- Michigan, and has served ance and in support of a sim- directed especially against tion developed into the Battle well the needs of the young ple diet and natural remedies. certain styles as being con- Creek Sanitarium, which people of the church as Em- As early as 1848 Adventist trary to the standards of achieved wide acclaim, es- manuel Missionary College, voices had been lifted against modesty required of Chris- pecially under the leadership and since 1959 as Andrews the use of swine's flesh and tians, and against other styles of Dr. John Harvey Kellogg. University. tobacco. The latter was in- as being unhealthful. The inclusion of health reform creasingly condemned by After most of the Adventist as an integral part of the Ad- Adoption of Noncombatancy writers in the REVIEW. By leaders suffered serious ventist message led also to The Civil War (1861-1865) the early 1860's the use of health problems, and after the publication of health posed serious problems for tobacco was almost unani- several of them, including literature at this time, includ- the fledgling church. Not only mously condemned, and tea James and Ellen White, had ing a new journal, The Health was evangelism slowed but and coffee were included in spent some time at Dr. Reformer, the first of those to young Adventist Sabbath- be published by the church keepers faced new problems through the years. relating to the bearing of arms Early in the history of and Sabbath observance in Adventism its own westward the army. In an editorial in the movement got under way. REVIEW in 1862, James White The early peregrinations of set forth some ideas on the the REVIEW AND HERALD responsibility of young men illustrate the trend. The first vis-à-vis the draft, which were volume of the REVIEW was roundly condemned by many printed at Paris, Maine. The of his readers. Out of the dis- second at Saratoga Springs, cussion and debate that en- New York. The next few at sued there emerged a church Rochester, New York, and position on noncombatancy, then, after 1855, for almost supported by Elder White, 50 years, it was published at that was endorsed by several Battle Creek, Michigan. The of the States of the North and, early leaders gave heed to before the close of the war Ellen White's words: "I saw through a special mission of that God has opened a way for J. N. Andrews to Washington, the spread of present truth D.C., by the United States in the West." The term Government, as well. "West" in this context was Meanwhile a firm begin- applied essentially to the ning of the work had been Great Lakes region. made in the Far West. Here Although it was after the again the publishing work church was organized in 1863 helped to lead the way. In that its system of education 1874 the Signs of the Times took form, there were some was established in California, feeble and short-lived at- and has continued its ministry tempts at operating home as an effective soul-winning

Far left: Patients in the Battle Creek Sanitarium parlor listen to one of Edison's first phonographs. The engraving, near left, shows the Review and Herald Publishing Association in Battle Creek in differ- ent stages of development from 1855 until 1887. Battle Creek Col- lege, above, was established in 1874. Its three-story building was dedicated in 1875. A. T. Jones, right, was editor of the Review from 1897 until 1901. From 1885 until 1889 he and E. J. Waggoner were editors of Signs of the Times. The May 29, 1860, Review, far right, had an article about Biblical prophecy in Daniel on its cover.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1305) 9 publication of the church nation began to lay plans for the 1870's the rate of church scription, was sold by ever since. This same year its centennial celebration to growth averaged more than George A. King and purchased saw the beginning of Ad- be held mainly in Philadelphia, 11 per cent a year, "the great- by 0. W. Reavis. ventism in the Northwest in the church was enjoying a est our church ever experi- In the General Conference the vicinity of Walla Walla, healthy growth in numbers. In enced." Its influence and of 1888 righteousness by faith Washington. 1863 when the church was healing ministry extended not was presented by A. T. Jones, With organization an ac- organized there were 3,500 only to all parts of the United E. J. Waggoner, and Ellen complished fact, an enlarged members; the membership ex- States but across the sea, as White, but many delegates vision of a world work was ceeded 8,000 in 1875. During well. ❑ questioned the emphasis, thus slowly beginning to emerge. muting what Ellen White de- As early as 1860 a believer scribed as the beginning of the wrote to the REVIEW: "Ire- --qop- -gip- -gip- -.1111111,—.1111IP' "NOW' "..11P.--`1111 loud cry. land is as near as Ohio; and Monopolism and pyramid- Russia is as dear as Iowa." alism, so disliked by Populists, Two years later the editor of Years of Growth and Crises threatened Adventists too. the REVIEW, commenting on Perhaps genuine, church- a report of the interest in the wide organization was more message in Ireland wrote: 1875-1900 nearly the answer. As it was, "If there could be a mission By E. K. VANDEVERE organizations rose from the to Europe . . . our people denominational floor quite would send in hundreds on AS SEVENTH-DAY AD- leaders, James and Ellen independent of one another. two weeks' notice for such an VENTISTS plunged through White, was cut in half upon For example, that Napoleon of object." the final quarter of the nine- the death of Elder White in medicine, Dr. John Harvey While we properly honor teenth century they faced 1881. Nerved by huge purpose Kellogg, determined to man- J. N. Andrews as the first problems of every sort. They and his wife's inspired coun- age church members in their Seventh-day Adventist mis- needed to firm their base in sel, James White had, under role of health reformers. The sionary formally sent out by North America and establish God, definitely been the "de- General Conference of 1897 the church in 1874 to minister bases abroad. They needed nomination builder." He had endeavored to come into outside North America, the men, money, measures, and hovered over the key institu- "working order" and to pull message preceded his arrival heartening successes. tions, the Review and Herald in "even lines." 3 in Europe. Ten years before Fortunately, world affairs Publishing Association, the Andrews sailed for Switzer- at the time were helpfully sanitarium and the college at Need for Funds land, M. B. Czechowski, a quiet, being disturbed chiefly Battle Creek, and had largely Finances also nagged. Even Pole who had been educated by the Spanish-American War inspired expansion along the the adoption of the tithing for the priesthood, and who (1898), the Boer War (1899- Pacific Coast and across the principle and its gradual im- had accepted the Seventh-day 1902), and the Boxer Uprising Atlantic and Pacific. The three plementation in the churches Adventist faith in America (1900). These struggles led administrators who followed failed to supply enough money and had preached for the Signs Editor A. 0. Tait to af- him (G. I. Butler, 0. A. Olsen, to meet the needs. True, in church, proclaimed the Sab- firm: "There is still a little G. A. Irwin) did not possess this period, commercial jobs bath and Second Advent calm before the bursting of the in such a high degree his light- at the Review office and the truths in Italy and later in universal storm." 1 ning perception and deter- clientele at the Sanitarium Switzerland. At this time he During this period SDA's mined action. may have brought in an as- had no official connection built a churchly base in the In 1875 James White enthu- tonishing amount of business with the Seventh-day Advent- valleys of the Ohio, Missis- siastically exclaimed that the from nonchurch sources,4 but ist Church, having broken sippi, and Missouri rivers, press is the right arm of our this led these institutions to with the church because of and on the Pacific rim. The strength.2 And those who fol- donate or loan to denomina- their unwillingness to send adolescent denomination con- lowed him agreed that the tional projects. By 1900 the him to Europe. With the dis- sequently was very much "the publications poured forth by church's institutions in Amer- patching of J. N. Andrews a product" of frontier America. the presses were both the ad- ica owed $1,250,000! 5 beginning was made in carry- As the period opened, in 1874, vance skirmish line and the Had SDA's realistically ing the gospel to the world, the forerunner of the Pacific rearguard of all their efforts comprehended a five-conti- which today has the church Press was established in Oak- to win and hold people to the nent task in 1875 they probably preaching the good news in land, California, and Battle faith. In 1882 a copy of the would have lain down in the almost 200 countries in more Creek College was dedicated. newly combined book, harness;6 as it was they had than 500 languages. There were anxieties. The Thoughts on Daniel and the to be enticed abroad. They Thus in the year 1875 as the almost indispensable team of Revelation, prepared for sub- were most content to go on

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▪ Far left, lames White began publishing Signs of the Times • in 1874 and organized the Pacific Press Publishing Association in 1875. In the 1890's the Review and Herald factory, left, and business office, above, looked much different than they do today.

10 (1306) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

atiMM-7.1111111 For many years it was customary from time to time to take photo- graphs of the Review and Herald employees. These are the workers in front of the Battle Creek plant approximately 100 years ago. missions on the supposition world in 1900 was classified as have all the kinds of institu- Nonetheless, those who that before long they might "Miscellaneous." In 27 coun- tions that Battle Creek con- carefully watched the denomi- utilize presses, sanitariums, tries unforeseen develop- tained, though as yet their national scene suspected that schools, and familiar preach- ments had occurred, many of numbers were insufficient to the church was coming into a ing methods. Why would not them indeed strange. John I. operate them. It happened leadership crisis. A second their frontier pattern of evan- Tay, a ship carpenter, after therefore that overexpansion "James White" was needed, gelism be effective also on the tramping on six ships en route, and the Boer War retarded one who would be the "right frontiers of the world? arrived at lonely, mysterious church growth for a while." man in the right place." This Arduous labors in Europe Pitcairn Island in 1886 to ex- The listing of miscellaneous was true because a combina- by J. G. Matteson, L. R. Con- pound sound doctrine to the countries in 1900 reported tion of "religion" and money, radi, Ellen White (there 1885- descendants of mutineers. 3,708 Sabbathkeepers. Mani- often a volatile mixture, was 1887), William C. White, When it became known that festly SDA's had not so much seething in those phases of H. P. Holser, and others set all the inhabitants had ac- as brushed many of earth's work at Battle Creek that had the pace. But Europe was not cepted Seventh-day Advent- land areas.'3 a flow of funds from non- frontier anymore; it still lived ism, church folks gasped. There is little evidence that denominational sources, in the shadow of the Middle And when the Sabbath schools overseas expansion was being namely, the publishing asso- Ages. Thus by 1900 it counted financed the building of the as strategically planned as ciation and the sanitarium only about 7,049 Sabbath- missionary schooner Pitcairn might be thought, unless one complex. keepers.' (1890), and traced its six so views the election of for- On this account Ellen White In mid-1874 James White voyages, the entire denomina- eign-born 0. A. Olsen to the was led by her Guide to return and G. I. Butler startled RE- tion absorbed the mystique of General Conference presi- to America in 1900.19 The VIEW AND HERALD readers missions.11 dency (1888-1897). The lead- members and the ministry by suggesting missions to When Abram La Rue, a ers chose rather to answer needed her "gifts" in order to Australia and New Zealand.8 former sheepherder, under- calls as they came, if they keep them thinking correctly They suspected that a Han- took .gospel work "on his could, believing that the Holy amid doctrinal perplexities nah More convert, Minister own" at Hong Kong in 1888, Spirit was writing another and controversies over con- Alexander Dickson, had gone his fellow believers began "book of Acts." trol. ❑ back to Australia to spend a scrutinizing great, mysterious Dimensionally, the fledg- "small fortune" in publishing China. Would its ancient civili- ling church had certainly REFERENCES and teaching the Sabbath. zation make room for a fron- leaped forward, especially in ' Signs of the Times, Aug. 29, 1900, p. The denominational leaders tier faith? the opinion of those who had 552. • Review and Herald, July 20, 1876, p. 28. wished to proselytize before not experienced the velocity • G. C. Tenney (ed), Review and Her- those distant frontiers, so like Expansion in Africa ald, March 2, 1897. p. 134. of the Midnight Cry. In 25 G. A. Irwin to E. G. White, Nov. 10. America's, jelled.9 Accord- Two stouthearted Boers, years the number of ministers 1899 (White Estate). • General Conference Bulletin, April 5, ingly, S. N. Haskell, J. 0. Pieter Wessels and George had increased from 145 to 1901, p. 76. Corliss, and M. S. Israel, all van Gruten, and a gold-bug, 1,500; the total membership • W. A. Spicer, Our Story of Missions ministers, H. L. Scott, printer, from 8,022 to 75,767.14 The (Pacific Press, 1921), p. 90. William Hunt, from the United General Conference Bulletin (1901). and William Arnold, colpor- States, forged links with South one publishing house had mul- p. 162. teur, finally entered Australia • Review and Herald, June 2, 1874, p. Africa. The two Boers inde- tiplied to 12, from which is- 204; June 16, 1874, p. 6. in 1885. Between 1891 and pendently found the Sabbath sued 95 periodicals and pa- • S. N. Haskell, in Historical Sketches of 1900 the General Conference fact through personal Bible pers, and scores of book ti- the Foreign Missions of the Seventh-day Adventists (Basle, Switzerland: Imprimiere also stationed Ellen White study and were confirmed in tles.15 The one sanitarium had Polyglotte, 1886), p. 94; W. A. Spicer, Our Story of Missions, p. 286. there to counsel and preach. their beliefs by the American expanded to 58 sanitariums '• W. A. Spicer, op. cit., p. 290. She was the best platform at- who had packed in literature, and treatment rooms.18 Battle " A. W. Spalding, Origin and History of Seventh-day Adventists (Review and Her- REVIEW, traction they had. She moved including the from Creek College had inspired ald, 1962), Vol. II, 76, 77. heaven and earth broadly and California. Appeals to Battle 30 other colleges and schools " L. Francois Swanepoel, Origin and Early History of the Seventh-day Adventist firmly to base the church Creek brought the first flow of of somewhat lower grades.'' Church in South Africa, 1886-1920 (MA "down under." And what workers: D. A. Robinson, In fact, church folks approved thesis, University of South Africa, 1972), strategic sense that was! By C. L. Boyd, the Druillards, as Ellen White; E. A. Suther- 86 seq. 22 General Conference Bulletin (1901), 1900 the Australian Union I. J. Hankins. Appeals to Wes- land, president of Battle Creek p. 163. Conference tallied 2,375 Sab- College; Percy T. Magan; and " Ibid. sels' broad-spreading family, " Ibid., pp. 544, 547-549. bathkeepers, and they had recently come into diamond others conjured up a system of '• Ibid., pp. 172, 173. taken on the evangelization of church schools, some 150 by " Ibid., pp. 341. 342. money, brought more funds '• Advocate of Christian Education, Octo- the South Pacific as "Aus- into the cause than was usual 1900.18 SDA's had been con- ber, 1899, p. 535. " Ellen G. White, Testimonies to Ministers tralia's burden." 10 in a new field. Hence the verted to Christian education and Gospel Workers (1944), p. 396; General Much of the Adventist South Africans determined to on all levels! Conference Bulletin (1901), p. 204.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1307) 11 tion; Marienhoehe Seminary Japan, and in "every part of in Germany (1921); and Cana- the world" (REVIEW, April dian Union College (1907). 28, 1904), but one third of the Reorganization Within, The first school for black United States of America was children north of the Mason- almost entirely neglected. Conflict Without-1900-1925 Dixon line was opened at the Within six weeks of Haskell's Bethel church, in Kansas City, writing, The Morning Star, By CHARLES B. HIRSCH Kansas, in 1909. which began the work among AS THE TWENTIETH but certainly a headache to the Ellen White, who had just the blacks in the southern wa- century came over the hori- circulation and billing offices, returned from her stay in Aus- ters of the United States of zon, the Spanish-American was the practice of permitting tralia (which became a Com- America under Edson White's war, with its battle cry "Re- subscribers to order the paper monwealth in 1901), put into direction, made its last voy- member the Maine, " was fad- for two months for 25 cents, writing her thoughts on the age. In the following year, it ing into the immediate past, or six months for 75 cents. role of education and schools sank, was retrieved, but but man's inhumanity toward In announcing the thirty- within the church. These were shortly after burned. man continued unabated in fourth session of the General made available to the public In 1906 Liberty became through her publications, Ed- the successor to the American the Boxer Rebellion in China, Conference in 1901, the RE- ucation, Counsels to Parents Sentinel, which was founded the Boer War in South Africa, VIEW advised that a large turn- and the Russo-Japanese war. out was anticipated, and the and Teachers, Fundamentals in 1886. Meanwhile, with their en- persons planning to attend of Christian Education, which The counsels given by Ellen White to "get out of Battle tangling alliances and en- should bring their own "ticks were published in 1903, 1913, tentes, the nations of the and bedding." Perhaps unin- and 1923, respectively. Creek," as well as to cease The work expanded further printing nondenominational world were preparing for the tentionally advertising the literature in our publishing greatest clash of mankind frugality of the world head- into such places as Puerto Rico (1901) and the Philippines houses, went unheeded until since his beginnings—World quarters, it was also men- War I. tioned that those requesting (1905); and Dr. Harry Miller the tragedy of neglect was was making himself known in dramatically brought into fo- The REVIEW AND HERALD further information should China. While the great com- cus, when the Morning En- appeared to ignore the turn of enclose "a stamp for reply"! quirer of Battle Creek, on the the century. No recognition At this session A. G. Daniells mission of Matthew 28 was last day of 1902 headlined: was given to the beginning of was elected president. He being implemented, S. N. "Review and Herald Es- a new hundred-year period, served until 1922. Haskell showed concern about tablishment Completely De- and in the first issue of 1900, These beginning years of the opening doors in China, India, New Year's and "New Cen- new century witnessed the tury" resolutions were quietly moving of the college from absent. Battle Creek to Berrien A news note indicated that Springs, Michigan (1901), Dwight L. Moody had died. where it became known as One letter from a subscriber Emmanuel Missionary Col- stated, "It is 50 years since lege (later Andrews Univer- I began to take the paper, and sity). we feel lost without it"— During the 25-year period Page 15. This person must some 357 schools were have been a charter sub- opened, including (current scriber! names are given): Malamulo With the challenge of a in Africa (1902); Columbia world membership of almost Union College (1904); Loma 75,000, the church paper, ever Linda University (1905); alert to lengthening its sub- Shenandoah Valley Academy scription list, was happy for (1908); Adelphian Academy these endorsements from the (1904), which in 1919 was the "field." first to receive full accredita- A year's subscription then tion from the General Con- was $1.50. Interesting enough, ference Department of Educa-

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Charles Smith, standing at left, the youngest son of Uriah Smith, On December 30, 1902, a fire of unknown origin broke out in the worked in the Battle Creek printing house's engraving department. Battle Creek plant. The building and its contents were a total loss.

12 (1308) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE stroyed by Fire Last Night." ecutive Committee was sin- wondered "that our publish- the twentieth century the Under divine guidance the gled out as the authority for ing houses are even more busy church membership grew church leadership decided the total world program. Each this year than they were in the from 75,767 to 250,985. Tithe that the publishing house, the world division (see Seventh- last." Not only was that a good income moved from $3,680,- world headquarters, a sani- day Adventist Encyclopedia, year for the REVIEW but the 164 to $5,909,496 annually; tarium, and a college should p. 937) had its own vice-pres- publishing work made dra- and missions offerings from be located in the Washington, ident, with authority and re- matic advances by the time $1,090,639 to $3,520,347. The D.C., area. In 1906 the Review sponsibility for his sector. 1925 arrived. Book and period- number of churches increased and Herald moved into its new The need for structural unity ical sales jumped from $250,- from 1,892 to 5,629. The headquarters, where it has re- was seen, also the need to 000 to $4,631,706, with a peak church program was moving mained, with repeated expan- make the support of the world year of $5,682,972 in 1920; in a forward direction, but had sions, to the present time. field the responsibility of the and the number of periodicals it been moving fast enough? Medical institutions estab- total membership, and to have rose from 96 to 177. The pub- How many more quarters lished between 1900 and 1925 a structure that would survive, lishing houses and branches were to be experienced before included those in Sydney, as much as possible, political increased from 13 to 53. the final reward of the believ- and Warburton, Australia; changes and upheavals. During the first quarter of ers was to be realized? ❑ Hinsdale, Illinois; Gland, World War I brought with it Switzerland; Loma Linda, problems for Adventist men Glendale, and National City, in uniform. Not all nations California; Orlando, Florida; were tolerant of noncombat- River Plate, Argentina; Stan- ants or conscientious objec- borough Park, England; and tors. When the United States Progress Despite Difficulties Shanghai, China. Publishing entered the war in 1917 the houses were established in church was cognizant of the Nashville, Tennessee; Aus- effects of military service on 1925-1950 tralia, Brazil, China, Japan, its young male church mem- By GARY LAND the Philippines, South Af- bers, and soon the military, at rica, Singapore, Yugoslavia, the behest of church leaders, THE TWENTIETH cen- 1929 when in October, Ameri- Czechoslovakia, Romania, made provision to exempt tury has played havoc with can stock values crashed by Poland, and Italy. Seventh-day Adventists from man's hopes. In a best-selling 40 per cent. The repercussions Organizationally, the certain duties because of reli- book of 1949, Arthur Schles- were devastating. In the church undertook a self-analy- gious convictions. The imple- inger, Jr., noted that frustra- United States more than 5,000 sis of its structure and found mentation of these exemptions tion had become the hallmark banks failed and more than 14 itself in need of change. Cer- was easier in some military of the century, and he went on million people were unem- tain trends were developing organizations than in others! to say, "Nineteen hundred ployed by 1933. As Americans that were leaning toward an In 1915 Ellen G. White, looked forward to the irre- withdrew their investments increasing centralization of who had been a major influ- sistible expansion of freedom, from abroad and purchased power. Mrs. White was con- ence in the Advent Movement democracy, and abundance; fewer imports, the depression scious of this, and in addition from its very beginning, died. 1950 will look back to totali- spread. Great Britain had to her warnings about "Jeru- Socially and economically tarianism, to concentration more than 2 million unem- salem Centers," she ex- the first 25 years of the century camps, to mass starvation, to ployed and Germany more pressed her concern about showed a remarkable change atomic war." Although than 6 million in the early thir- "kingly power." in technology, not so much the Seventh-day Adventist ties. In 1931 the main Vien- Church had not shared the nese bank Kredit-Anstalt Problem Areas from the standpoint of new ideas, but rather because of Utopian concept that was now failed; more than 20 countries shattered, it too had been followed Great Britain as it While there was a move in the increased availability of man's inventions. When the deeply affected by these went off the gold standard. this direction, there were at events. The financial crisis was the the same time divisive ele- Ford Motor Company was or- ganized in 1903, it was able First, there had been the worst the world had ever seen. ments that made it difficult to economic depression of the The Seventh-day Adventist operate efficiently. The Sab- through its assembly-line pro- duction to sell cars for less thirties. Although the roots of Church had no way of escap- bath school, publishing, and the depression lay in the dis- ing the general economic col- medical areas were operating than $500. As their techniques of mass production improved, ruption of world trade and na- lapse, for it had to depend independently to a large de- tional economies by World upon the tithes and offerings gree. In the field of missions, the registry of autos jumped from under 7 million in 1919 to War I, the depression did not of its members who were the Foreign Mission Board, burst upon the world until among those losing jobs and the General Conference, and 23 million a decade later. The the International Medical radio affected the traditional evening program of the aver- Missionary and Benevolent upw-guippr—mipor—"mpr. .41pm. Association were each sending age family. Some referred to it out missionaries to foreign as the "devil's box," but oth- fields. (See the Seventh-day ers saw its potential for evan- Adventist Encyclopedia, p. gelism. 937.) Financially the period had a The work became more de- fairly good record, but with partmentalized as the Pub- less than 17 per cent of the lishing Department and the population in the United Department of Education States of America earning were formed in 1902. In 1905 more than $2,000 annually, the General Conference ses- the average black sharecrop- sions were changed from bien- per averaging about $400 nial to quadrennial meetings. yearly, and the overfarming By 1918 constitutional and overpopulation creating changes were made, with the dust bowl, the economic A. G. Daniells, General Con- crash of the thirties was almost ference president, playing a inevitable. major role in developing a pat- The first depression of the tern of church structure that, century came in 1907. Yet, the with minor adjustments, has Lord blessed His people. The continued to the present day. REVIEW remarked in 1908 The following morning, December 31, the smoldering ruins attracted The General Conference Ex- (August 13) that businessmen the attention of passers-by on Washington and Kalamazoo Streets.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1309) 13 ference of 1936, was "due to the church suffered from the the rich blessings of God upon ideological conformity that His people, and to the faith- the Fascist and Japanese fulness and sacrifice of His powers attempted to create. workers and people in every In Europe conditions were land." particularly difficult wherever And then came totalitari- the Nazis established their anism and war. Fueled partly authority. Throughout the by the lingering frustrations Axis countries all men of mili- of World War I, and even tary age, including ministers, inowai . more so by the economic col- were drafted. When the Ger-

ASSOCIATION. lapse that left individuals and mans occupied the Alsace area

l'AMOMA PARK. families helpless, the popula- of France they dissolved tions of Germany and Italy the conference, confiscated looked for strong leaders and church buildings, and prohib- thought they had found them ited further evangelism. In in Adolph Hitler and Benito Croatia a "Secretary of Cults" Mussolini. These men fused sought to halt the church nationalism and socialism, and through similar methods; in found that they could stimu- Romania, where all institu- late national feeling through tions, including schools and foreign aggression. Step by publishing houses and their step they moved toward the funds were confiscated, four Around 1915 the Review drivers took mail to the post office in this cataclysm that would engulf thousand Adventists went to truck with solid rubber tires. When fully loaded, this chain driven jail. vehicle could not climb some hills except in reverse gear. the world. Beginning in 1935 Mussolini sought to make the Across the globe, where Mediterranean an "Italian Japan was seeking an empire having wages cut. The depres- stayed in business and even lake" by first attacking Ethi- to support its industry and sion's effect was clear; be- increased the number of peri- opia. Almost simultaneously overpopulation, conditions tween 1930 and 1934 denomi- odicals published. Although Hitler made his moves: re- were just as bad. The Japa- national income dropped indebtedness of the schools militarizing the Rhineland, nese Army conscripted all from $52 million to $34 mil- increased, that of the hospi- incorporating Austria, occu- available men, and the gov- lion. Under Australian-born tals and sanitariums disap- pying Czechoslovakia. ernment ordered all church C. H. Watson's leadership peared. And while the num- buildings closed. When the the church attempted to meet ber of missionaries sent out World War H government required all the the economic problems. The dropped by 86, the church en- The non-Fascist powers Christian churches to merge General Conference during tered 184 new countries and continued to acquiesce until into one denomination, the the early thirties cut the wages islands and established 48 on September 1, 1939, Hitler Seventh-day Adventists, of North American employees new missions. Both at home attacked Poland. Within a few along with the Protestant and staff by 6 per cent and re- and abroad evangelists re- days the world had erupted in Episcopal Church, refused. duced home and foreign ap- ported a more serious mood flames. Late in 1941 the Japa- Consequently, the Japanese propriations by the same and consequently increased nese attacked Pearl Harbor, Government ordered all Ad- amount, and then cut foreign interest in religion among the thus drawing the United ventist work in Japan and appropriations again by 8 per general population. Despite States into the conflict. By the Korea to cease, seized de- cent. Yet in 1936 President the difficulties and cutbacks, time the war ended, millions nominational institutions, and Watson could report, "Our the denomination grew by had been killed, the economies imprisoned church leaders and world movement has come 90,000 members during the of Europe were wrecked, the laity. As the Japanese ex- through those universally dis- first five—and hardest— colonial powers were fatally tended their control through- astrous years without having years of the depression. New weakened, and two new su- out the Far East virtually all sounded a note of retreat." medical and educational in- perpowers—the United States missionaries who had not The statistics for the years stitutions were opened, in- and the Soviet Union—had evacuated were placed in 1932-1936 supported Elder cluding an advanced Bible become dominant. And over concentration camps. Those Watson's assertion. Despite school, which later grew into the chaos there hung a Damo- institutions not taken over by a sales decline of one and a the SDA Theological Semi- cles sword: the atomic bomb. the occupying forces had to half million dollars, the North nary. Such progress, C. H. Apart from the physical be led by nationals who, un- American publishing houses Watson told the General Con- destruction brought by war, like those in Europe, had had

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In the early 1900's, after the move to Washington, D.C., Review covers became more ornate than ever before, as illustrated by these Review covers from 1907 and 1910.

14 (1310) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE little administrative experi- ence. In the United States the principal problem was secur- ing the rights of Adventists in the armed forces to noncom- batancy and Sabbath observ- ance. Problems existed, but most of the 12,000 Adventists serving in the armed forces found that they could live their faith without serious ob- struction. Many served with Life was not all work for distinction, most notably Cor- Review employees, who en- joyed such recreational ac- poral Desmond T. Doss who tivities as the Review and won the Congressional Medal Herald band, left, and the of Honor for heroic action in annual Fourth of July picnic, Okinawa. below. Both pictures were Once the war ended in 1945 taken before World War I. Europe faced economic and social chaos. As rumblings of revolution sounded, the U 11 14 14 %N.1‘ II U u u u U U U II 44 11 14 44 United States Government .41111 -V41111- proposed in 1947 its Marshall Plan of economic aid to stabi- lize Western Europe. Mean- • while, private organizations were actively attempting to relieve human suffering. Sev- enth-day Adventists joined • the humanitarian cause, dis- tributing more than 3.3 million pounds of food and 1.1 million pounds of clothing. The effort • marked the first major in- volvement of Seventh-day Adventists in disaster relief and general welfare work. But the political effects of the war were to have more long-range consequences. During the immediate post- war years the Soviets gained control of most of Eastern Eu- rope and many Adventists were transported from their homes in the Baltic States to the Soviet Union. The Far East experienced even greater change. As the Japanese left China, the country erupted in civil war, which ended in 1949 as Mao Tse Tung's Communists es- tablished control. All Advent- ist missionaries had to leave 1‘111.11.11.11C:11‘/

Far left: A box factory located on Review premises pro- vided shipping containers for books. Left: Two notable people are pictured in the periodical mailing depart- ment. Elmer Shipley, third from left, was the first Re- view employee drafted into World War I. D. W. Reavis, right rear, manager of the circulation department, is credited with buying the first bound copy of the first SDA doctrinal book printed spe- cifically for subscription sales by SDA literature evangelists.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1311) 15 and the work fell into the spread terror. As the 1950's In 1954 the United States furniture plants situated at hands of inadequately trained dawned and another war Supreme Court ruled that Seventh-day Adventist col- nationals. India gained its in- stirred, this time in Korea, racial segregation in public leges and academies. The dependence in 1947, leading anxiety became the watch- schools is unconstitutional. Seventh-day Adventist Com- the way for other countries word of the day. The Federal Republic of mentary Reference Series under the control of colonial Adventists recognized that West Germany became a sov- began to be published in 1953. powers to seek their freedom. now was their opportunity. ereign state in 1955; Egypt In 1958 the Autumn. Council At the General Conference of For decades they had been seized the Suez Canal in 1956; voted to move the School of 1950 there was much talk of preaching approaching ca- and Israel invaded Egypt's Graduate Studies to Berrien how the democratic constitu- lamity and had been scorned. Sinai Peninsula the same Springs, Michigan, and An- tions that the new states were Now the political turmoil, the year. In 1957 Britain tested drews University was estab- expected to establish would economic fluctuations, the its first hydrogen bomb, and lished. It serves the world give greater freedom to the social strife, and above all the Sputnik I, Russia's first man- field in higher education by work of the church. But the despair that pervaded much made satellite, was rocketed providing programs of study force of nationalism let loose of the Western world were a into orbit. In 1958 Fidel Castro for church workers especially. by the world war was to prove witness to the message they assumed power in Cuba, and The university has two grad- during the next few years a were preaching. And the Soviet Premier Khrushchev uate schools, the Seventh- strong barrier to Western church was growing, nearly paid an unprecedented visit day Adventist Theological missionaries. 25 per cent between 1945 and to the United States. Seminary and the School of The primary result of the 1949. "The time when men's Progress was evident in Graduate Studies, which offer war, however, was fear. Al- hearts fail them for fear and the Seventh-day Adventist Doctor of Ministry, Doctor of though technology had for looking after those things Church during the 1950's. Theology, and Doctor of brought the world close to- that are coming on the earth," Church membership had its Education degrees. gether through radio and air- Francis D. Nichol editorial- largest increase with a total of The student missionary pro- plane, both of which Advent- ized in the REVIEW AND HER- 488,413. In 1950 there were gram was begun in 1959. Re- ists slowly learned to use to ALD, "is the very time for us 756,712 members; in 1960 cent figures published indicate advance their mission, it also to lift up our heads in joy, not there were 1,245,125 mem- that 1,019 students from North had left the terrible legacy of because of calamity coming bers. The number of work- America have served through- the atomic bomb. If totalitari- to the world, but because of ers sent to the mission field out the world. anism had not destroyed salvation coming from the totaled 2,489 from 1951 to A Decade of Upheavals man's faith in the progressive heavens." 1960. ascendancy of rationality, The years of trial, of de- Those who served as presi- During the 1960's the the bomb might not have pression and war, had borne dents of the General Confer- world saw turmoil, violence, caused such a fright. But man fruit. There were more lis- ence during the 1950's were dissent, crime, assassinations, could no longer be confident teners than ever to the Ad- W. H. Branson, elected in race riots, student revolu- that national leaders would ventist message of hope for a July, 1950, and R. R. Figuhr, tions, Vietnam war protests, act reasonably, and the bomb hopeless world. 0 elected in 1954. Elder Figuhr civil rights sit-ins, marches, served until 1966. During the and black power movements. year 1950 the Faith for Today Drug and hippie cultures television program was begun sprouted, the generation gap in North America. Almost surfaced, and crucial con- 25,000 persons have been led flicts rose between students Quarter Century of Turmoil, to Christ through its twenty- and authorities, and between five years of evangelistic youth and the establishment Tragedy, and Triumph service. The Missionary in general, because of racial Book of the Year program was injustices and changing moral begun in 1950. The Harris standards. There were defiant 1950-1975 Pine Mills Corporation was cries from minorities in By JANNITH L. LEWIS given by the C. H. Harris poverty-stricken ghettos and family to the church in 1951. chaotic campus upheavals in THE TWENTY-FIVE guration of transcontinental This generous gift has many institutions because of years of 1950 to 1975 have television, the first success- brought millions of profit student unrest. Social, psy- been a period of trouble, ful attempt to conquer Mount dollars to the denomination, chological, and philosophical change, despair, and achieve- Everest, and the first explo- and has provided work for changes were the order of the ment. The early 1950's saw sion of a hydrogen bomb by approximately 1,000 students day. the Korean war, the inau- the U.S.S.R. in 1953. in the company's various At the beginning of the

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16 (1312) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE doubled since 1950 to the Palestine, and the SDA Trust number of 8,133 for 1974. Services are some new pro- Reports at the July, 1975, grams that have been intro- General Conference session duced into the church. in Vienna, Austria, indicate The awesome 1970's that there are 193 countries in brought an end to civil war in which the church is working Nigeria that took approxi- in 520 languages. There are mately 2 million lives. Devas- twenty-eight countries as yet tating disasters have brought unentered. great destruction, such as the A new Ellen G. White SDA earthquake that wiped out Research Center has been set many cities and villages in up at Newbold College. A new Peru, leaving more than Radio, Television, and Film 50,000 persons dead and Center in California was 200,000 injured, and the cy- created by the General Con- clone and tidal wave disaster ference in 1971. The Voice of in Pakistan, which killed ap- Many employees moved from Battle Creek to Washington, D.C. Prophecy, Faith for Today, proximately 300,000 persons. It Is Written, Breath of Life, Other significant events in- and other audio-visual pro- cluded the India-Pakistan war, sixties John F. Kennedy be- strong became the first man grams will be produced and devaluation of the U.S. dol- came America's 35th Presi- to set foot on the moon, and housed in the new center. lar, the historic visit of U.S. dent, with high aspirations the world marveled that man- Inner-city programs have President Richard Nixon to and plans for "the new fron- kind had made this grand, been developed by the North Russia and Communist China, tier." There was the Cuban giant leap into the universe American Regional Depart- the Vietnam cease-fire agree- missile crisis. There was the of space. ment to help those who have ment, U.S. and U.S.S.R. Berlin wall. There was the special needs at this time of détente, a fourth Arab- Washington civil rights Church Developments our earth's history. Human Israeli war, arid a worldwide demonstration with 200,000 Changes took place within relations resolutions have U.S. military alert because marchers who heard Dr. the Seventh-day Adventist been enacted by the church. of Middle East issues. Hi- Martin Luther King's "I Church also_during the 1960's. At the 1962 General Confer- jackings, kidnapings, mass Have a Dream" speech. Then Robert H. Pierson was elected ence session F. L. Peterson murders, terrorist attacks, in 1963 President J. F. president of the General became the first black general and Skylab Space Flights Kennedy was assassinated in Conference in 1966. Church vice-president. made news. Texas. Lyndon Johnson fol- membership had grown to In Ethiopia longtime Em- lowed as America's leader 1,578,504 in 1965. The number Health Evangelism peror Haile Selassie was over- with a "great society" plan. of workers sent to mission Youth have been active in thrown. Americans saw both There was the fall of fields declined to 365 in 1966. the work of the church during their President and Vice- Khrushchev. There was International conditions in- the 1960's and 1970's, with president resign from office as trouble in the Middle East, fluenced the shift from the outstanding new programs of a result of scandals. At pres- with a six-day Arab-Israeli larger use of foreign mission- evangelism and mission out- ent, for the first time in war in 1967. There was the aries to more national workers reach. The Temperance De- history, the nation is governed murder of Dr. Martin Luther in many fields. Great evan- partment has produced films by leaders not chosen in a King, Jr., and the slaying of gelistic thrusts to reach the about drugs, alcohol, and general election. Robert F. Kennedy. There troubled masses have resulted smoking that address them- With 2,541,404 baptized was the first successful human in an increase of workers to selves to help those with prob- adult members as of the end heart transplant operation. the figure of 73,513 as of lems that plague our times. of first quarter 1975, There was the election of 1974. Organized churches The Five-Day Plan to Stop the Seventh-day Adventist Richard Nixon. There was the grew to 17,841 by 1974. Smoking has spread widely. Church is attempting to tell capture of the U.S.S. Our institutions, including Our Seventh-day Adventist the world of Christ's soon Pueblo crew. There were colleges, secondary schools, World Services (SAWS) has coming, throughout its ten space achievements in flights hospitals, sanitariums, clinics, given great help to relieve international divisions, 15 by astronauts Alan Shepherd dispensaries, launches, pub- disaster victims. The Loma General Conference depart- and John Glenn. Then there lishing houses, and food Linda University Overseas ments and services, and was a bright moment in 1969 factories, have grown to 993. Heart Surgery Team, the SDA through all of its institu- when Astronaut Neil Arm- Ordained ministers have archeological expeditions in tions. 0

I REVIEW HERALD :

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Left: A wing was added onto the Review and Herald building in 1919, one year before this picture of the Review and General Conference was taken. Above, C. E. Palmer (behind counter), Review general manager, 1958-1971, worked at the Review as a young man. Right: These covers show the continuing influence of the Victorian Era.

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THECH RISTIANH OMELI BRARY E E] ChristianExperienceand E EI El ❑ ❑ E El CounselsonDietandFoods E El Mailing andinsurance,sales tax LI ❑ Please sendvolumesaschecked E ❑ ❑ ❑ WHAT'S MISSING? CHECK YOURSET- FILL INTHEMISSING ORDER FORM Adventist Home,The— Ellen G.White Ellen G.White Ellen G.White Ellen G.White D. E.Rebok Christian Service— Child Guidance— —Ellen G.White The—L. Teachings—Ellen Believe HisProphets— Editors—Ellen W. R.Beach Ellen G.White Ellen G.White Christ's ObjectLessons— School Work—Ellen Education—Ellen Daniel andtheRevelation (2 vols.)—UriahSmith William H.Branson Counsels onStewardship— Counsels onSabbath Counsels onEducation— Coming oftheComforter, Ellen G.White VOLUMES NOW!* Early Writings— Drama oftheAges— Dimensions inSalvation— Counsels toWritersand * Price$4.50each above E. Froom where necessary$ Total forbooks$ Total enclosed $ @ $4.50each G. White G. White G. White G. White

Name City 11 E] Temperance—Ellen El LifeSketches—Ellen additional book,forpostageandinsurance. El EI El El El El [I] ❑ E E Street 1111 Evangelism—Ellen [ji Please add40centsfirstbook,15each ❑ ABC MailingService,P.O.Box 31776, ❑ ❑ Omaha, Nebraska68131. Order fromyourAdventistBook Centeror ] - school lesson. set forreading,study,and to inyourstudyoftheSabbath You willwanttohavethecomplete volumes arefrequentlyreferred reference—besides, these D. E.Robinson —Ellen G.White Testimony Treasures White Ellen G.White Ellen G.White Ellen G.White Testimonies—C. Message, The— —Ellen G.White vols.)—Ellen G.White Ellen G.White Outline Studiesfromthe Welfare Ministry— I LoveBooks—J. Science—Frank Story ofRedemption,The— Story ofOurHealth Evolution, Creation,and Ellen G.Whiteand Education—Ellen Prayer—M. L. Fundamentals ofChristian Gospel Workers—Ellen Her Critics—F. Ministry ofHealing,The— Messages toYoungPeople Medical Ministry— Selected Messages State Andreasen D. Nichol L. Marsh L. Taylor G. White D. Snider G. White G. White (2 vols.) G. White (3 G. Zip 'Cr ...re “rn c. ...111111111, -guipw •wo, •muipp, ',III!!! lip, -.11111111111, ,111111111111, ,111111111111111111 , ,11111111111111111 , ,I11111111, 1111111111111111, ,411 -.111111pI ...11111111111111111111, ,1111111111111, lip,, 1111111111111111I Congratulations and Best Wishes

• Our congratulations on 125 years of • In this day of declining church press sub- • Back of any periodical is the heartbeat of the service to your subscribers around the scription lists, you are to be commended for staff that produces it. In the summer of 1974, world. May your next 125 years be filled staying alive for 125 years. You are to be doubly it was my unique privilege to meet a number with even greater growth and accomplish- commended for maintaining the high standards of the persons who help produce the Review ment in His service. that have characterized your magazine through and Herald. This brief encounter heightened my As publishers of a newspaper which came the years that I have known it. appreciation for the ministry of your magazine, into existence at about the same time as James Wall and what you are trying to do. Best wishes your publication, we well appreciate The Christian Century for the next 125 years! the challenges of surviving over the long Robert J. Hastings haul. Illinois Baptist Spurgeon M. Dunnam III The Methodist Reporter • Greetings, congratulations, and best wishes as Thb Advent Review and Sabbath Herald commences its 126th year of publication. May your half-million readers around the world continue • Congratulations to you on your 125th anni- to find your pages informative, inspirational, and challenging, • Our most sincere congrat- versary. Any magazine that can remain in exist- and your ministry in print relevant to the world in which ulations on the 125th ence that long and can be read by half a million they live and work. anniversary of the Review Seventh-day Adventists has accomplished and Herald. The editorial something unique in the magazine field. Ernest L. Homewood The United Church Observer standards maintained by your Harold Lindsell publication over these years have Christianity Today been an inspiration and challenge to every religious • For 125 years, the Review and Herald has faithfully served editor in the country. May you • It is a great pleasure to know the members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in America. and your staff continue to enjoy that the Review has completed It is a great pleasure for me to pay tribute to all those who the respect you so obviously 125 years in its Christian mission. have had a part in its successful publication and to commend deserve for your work. This is a remarkable record. Over those who continue to build on its tradition in our time. Stuart P. Garver that time, countless souls have Its many interesting articles have carried the message of Christian Heritage magazine doubtless benefited from the compassion and Christian brotherhood far and wide across our information and the inspiration own country, and indeed throughout the world. carried on its pages. Sincere congratulations to you upon this I welcome this opportunity to express my greetings to both noteworthy anniversary from a its staff and readers. younger brother, for The Lutheran Gerald R. Ford is now 115 years old. The White House Albert P. Stauderman The Lutheran

• It is no small accomplishment to put together a • We extend our congratulations to our • Congratulations to the Review and Herald magazine week after week that holds the attention of good friends, the editors, and wish you many on your significant anniversary. A.D. is an audience over a period of several years. But more fruitful years of labor in the vineyard relatively young, serving the United Church of when that period mounts up to 125 years, it is truly until the Lord of the vineyard returns. Christ and The United Presbyterian Church significant and worthy of some celebration! for only two and a half years. But we are both Sherwood E. Wirt Lily M. Gyldenvand in the great tradition of Christian journals Decision seeking to tell the good news of what God is Scope doing through the church and His modern disciples. J. Martin Bailey A.D. • Longevity is not everything, but it is something. • The high editorial and spiritual criteria of the One of the things it indicates is enough flexi- Review and Herald have enhanced the good bility to keep the arteries open and circulation name of your movement. May you continue your • American Baptists note with thanksgiving (not an inappropriate word here) going, and at ministry until the Lord comes. the same time a constancy of purpose that does the fact that the Review and Herald celebrates not try to accommodate itself to change. its 125th anniversary this year. Russell T. Hitt Philip E. Jenks Eternity Kenneth L. Wilson American Baptist Educational Ministries Christian Herald

• The Review and Herald has influenced thousands of • On behalf of The Sabbath American citizens who in turn influenced the develop- • Ever since the Reformation leader Dr. Martin Luther Recorder and Seventh Day ment of the nation. discovered the usefulness of the newly invented Baptists around the world, we That influence reaches beyond America too. I have printing press, churches have been aware that the send congratulations to the observed the outreach of Seventh-day Adventist people printed word is one of their most valuable allies. It Review and Herald as you in many nations. is clear that the Review and Herald is in that tradition commemorate 125 years of When I think back about the men who dreamed of a of service to and support for its church. continuous service to Seventh- publication 125 years ago, I wonder if they imagined that George H. Muedeking day Adventists. their newborn child would bring these miracles to the world. The Lutheran Standard John D. Bevis The Sabbath Recorder C. E. Bryant Baptist World Alliance

• The American Bible Society congratulates the Review and Herald on its 125 years of continuous publication. We also extend our grateful • We of The Lutheran Witness certainly do want to add our congratulations thanks to the Review and Herald for its help and support in bringing the to those of your many friends and readers as the Review and Herald saving Word of God to spiritually hungry people throughout the world. observes its 125th birthday. Clifford P. Macdonald Frank D. Starr American Bible Society Record The Lutheran Witness

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1315) 19 .4...... 411.-441.--quip•--mur-4111P.—NIPIP—MIP"—`111111P"-`111PP—'4111/-‘11111.—NIIPP'`' world the new-found truths. went out every two weeks "I have a message for you," and bound the believers to- said Ellen to James as she gether. came out of vision on that With the moving of the RE- James White—Man November day in 1848. "You VIEW to Rochester, New must begin to print a little pa- York, in 1852, impetus came Extraordinary per and send it out to the peo- to the publishing work. Be- ple" (Life Sketches, p. 125). lievers banded together in the There was no organization first concerted effort calling Elder White was a towering figure that could assume the respon- for financial support to buy a sibilities, not even a single or- printing press, type, and other in early Adventist history. ganized church congregation equipment. Observing the to whom James could look for needs of the boys and girls of either financial or moral sup- the Sabbathkeeping Advent- port. It took a second vision to ist families, White soon By ARTHUR L. WHITE get the poverty-stricken White launched a monthly journal, into the publishing business. The Youth's Instructor. JAMES WHITE, the churches, schoolhouses, and "He must write, write, write," founder and first editor of the private homes in eastern Ellen was shown and must Natural Leader REVIEW, was my grandfather. Maine and urging all who "walk out by faith" (ibid., p. With his eye ever on the I did not know him personally, heard him to prepare to meet 126). And he did. field and his one impelling in- for he died 26 years before I their Lord. His ministerial la- So with his "three-shilling terest the prosperity of the was born, but I, with many bors through the winter of pocket Bible," Cruden's Con- cause of God, with no organi- other students of early Ad- 1842 netted a reported one cordance, and a dictionary zation, no committee to ventist history, have come to thousand conversions. "minus one of its covers" guide, and few with whom he recognize and respect him as a After the 1844 disappoint- (REVIEW AND HERALD, June could counsel, James was towering figure in the decades ment James White took his 17, 1880, p. 393), and the en- pushed step by step into the that followed the great Dis- stand with those who believed couragement of his wife, position of the natural leader appointment. that prophecy had been ful- James prepared the articles of the Sabbathkeeping Ad- James White cut short his filled on October 22. The vi- for the paper he fittingly called ventists. His frequent reports anticipated career as a school- sions given to Ellen Harmon, The Present Truth. It came and editorials in the REVIEW teacher in order to preach the whom James later married from the press in late July of convinced the believers that expected advent of Christ in (August 30, 1846), confirmed 1849. With direct assurances he was the man in whom 1843. Though only a youth of their confidence. that God wanted him to confidence could be placed. 21, he felt that he must herald James and Ellen White "write" and "speed the mes- The invitation in 1855 from the warning message. Preach- made an effective team. On the sage," his way was clear. He certain brethren in Michigan ing first to his pupils and their one hand was James, wholly pressed ahead without waver- to move the publishing work parents, he traveled from vil- dedicated, and one reported ing, and during the next 16 west to Battle Creek and their lage to village speaking in to be "remarkable" in "fore- months brought out 11 issues. promise to provide a publish- sight and business sagacity" Then in November, 1850, at ing house were favorable and possessed of "economical a conference held in Paris, omens, and, to almost all, it management, and persevering Maine, the name of the paper seemed in God's providence. energy" (Representative Men was changed to The Second Within a decade the Review in Michigan, p. 106). On the Advent Review and Sabbath and Herald office under James other hand there was guidance Herald. The terms with the White's leadership was the and support from his wife, subscribers were "Gratis, ex- largest and best-equipped Ellen, the messenger of the cept the reader desires to aid in publishing concern in the State Lord. its publication." It was of Michigan. The printing or- Little wonder, then, as the White's sustained philosophy der for the REVIEW grew from main points of doctrine that everyone who would year to year, at times ap- emerged in the late 1840's as read should have a copy. Dur- proaching a figure equal to the the result of prayerful Bible ing the six months that the RE- church membership. study, confirmed by light VIEW was published in Maine, As long as he lived, White given through the visions, the Whites suffered much was the leading influence in the li_ James White was the one from poverty and the lack of REVIEW AND HERALD, and James White called upon to publish to the proper food, but the paper most of the time he functioned

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In 1928, this picture was taken of Review and Herald workers in the old chapel. F. M. ted• M111.1•111, I.• NY ems editor, 1911-1944, is fifth from the left on the front row. F. D. Nichol, ON la the amNar el Wilcox, Review INNI, 1.N. fulNa Review editor, 1945-1966, is right of the first pillar and came to the Review in 1928.

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oraned ger can aram as either editor, correspond- try, led out in organizing the preacher. He was remem- ernacle was attended by 2,500. ing editor, or one of the group Seventh-day Adventist Ed- bered by a Battle Creek Sani- Adventists and citizens from of editors. Whether or not his ucational Society in 1873 and tarium physician as being Battle Creek. George Willard, name appeared first on the Battle Creek College in 1874. "majestic," a man who former Congressman and at masthead, James White was In the mountains of Colo- preached "very earnest and that time editor and publisher clearly seen through the RE- rado, in the summer of 1873, powerful sermons" (A. B. of the Battle Creek Journal, VIEW pages to be the man far from the hustle and bustle Olsen letter, Aug. 23, 1937). editorialized: whose vision and thrust sin- of Battle Creek, James White James White was a man of "He was a man of the pa- gled him out as the' leader pondered the potentials of the prayer. He ever sensed that in triarchal pattern, and his among the Sabbathkeeping publishing work. He envi- this was his strength. He and character was cast in the he- Adventists. sioned the possibility of the Ellen reserved a bit of woods roic mold. If the logical clear- The struggles of operating a eight-page REVIEW being on the corner of their first pur- ness to formulate a creed; if publishing business without issued simultaneously in the chased Battle Creek lot so they the power to infect others with capital and without some or- East, in midcontinent, and in could have a quiet spot to one's own zeal, and impress ganizational support led White the West, with one to three which to retire for prayer. them with one's own convic- to appeal again and again to his pages carrying news, an- While he cherished the tions; if the executive ability brethren to arise and lift the nouncements, and articles of counsel that came to him to establish a sect and to give it responsibilities from his area interest. After offering through the visions given to form' and stability; if the gen- shoulders. Out of this came this dream of what might be, his wife, Ellen White, he ius to shape and direct the not only the organization of he hastened to state to "those found it hard to follow the destiny 'of great communi- the publishing association but who may regard these sug- counsel to refrain from over- ties, be a mark of true great- the name Seventh-day Ad- gestions as fanciful, that work and to shift to others ness, Elder White is certainly ventists, and the way was nothing of any amount has many of the burdens of the entitled to the appellation, for paved for the organization of ever 'been accomplished in cause. He suffered three par- he possessed not one of these local churches, State confer- our cause without laying alytic strokes attributed to qualities only, but all of them ences, and the General Con- plans, and persevering efforts overwork. He often pleaded in a marked degree. ference. When the General to execute them" (Review for younger men to share the "The essential feature of his Conference, binding the State and Herald, Aug. 26, 1873, load, but he had difficulty in life's work was constructive. conferences together in a uni- p. 84). laying off the burdens. . . . The work begun by him fied church body, was formed During what was to be a will not in the least lag by his in May, 1863, James White West Coast Publishing brief respite at home in Battle departure, as the institutions was unanimously elected the He also dreamed of pub- Creek between camp-meeting so largely shaped by his prac- president. But he asked to be lishing a religious newspaper appointments in the summer tical wisdom and untiring dili- excused, lest some should say in California to serve the of 1881, James White took ill gence will continue to prosper his concerted labors in church church, which he later called with fever and chills and was and further develop in the fu- organization were for the crea- a "pioneer" paper (ibid., hurried to the Battle Creek ture as in the past."—Quoted tion of an office for himself. June 17, 1880, p. 393), par- Sanitarium and placed under in "In Memoriam, a Sketch of After John Byington had ticularly in the evangelistic Dr. Kellogg's care. He failed the Last Illness and Death of served two one-year terms, outreach. This culminated in to respond to the best treat- Elder James White," pp. 10, White was persuaded, prob- June, 1874, in the founding of ment. On Sabbath afternoon, 11. This was the James White ably without too much diffi- the Signs of the Times, and August 6, the 60-year-old —founder and longtime ed- culty, to accept the office. Ex- church leader died. The fu- itor of the Review—that early the establishment of the Pa- ❑ cept for periods of illness cific Press in Oakland, Cali- neral in the Battle Creek Tab- Adventists knew. when J. N. Andrews and fornia, two years later. This George I. Butler filled terms publishing house, too, was as president of the General soon to become the largest Conference, White carried and best-equipped printing the responsibility till 1880, concern in the West. within a few months of his It was James White who, death. seeing the need for a large au- James White in Action ditorium in Battle Creek in which to hold general meet- White's broad vision and ings, led out in 1878 in raising initiative were seen in the fruit- funds for the Battle Creek age of many lines of endeavor. Tabernacle. Known as the When the Civil War broke "Dime Tabernacle," because out in the early 1860's White in White called for every church the REVIEW AND HERALD member to contribute a dime editorials sparked discussions a month toward its financing, that led to consistent and uni- the completed building, with fied positions to be taken by its three vestries and gallery Seventh-day Adventists in open, could seat 3,200. time of war. But the experiences of When the Western Health leaders are not all rosy. The Reform Institute (later known church, ever a prey to the as the Battle Creek Sanitar- enemy, must be guarded. ium) opened in 1866 in re- This at times called for stern sponse to the call through the rebuke. James White could visions given to Ellen White, and did deliver needed re- James, who was suffering bukes, but these did not al- from a severe stroke, had but ways make friends. He once little part, but two years later wrote: "We expect censure when the fledgling institution from a certain class for our was foundering for the lack of plain remarks. What use to be good management, White always firing, and never hit- stepped in and with a firm hand ting? The fluttering of the bird saved the day. is the best proof that the shot 1. D. Snider, above, was book department manager, 1936-1967. It was James White who, has hit."—Ibid., April 29, It was his idea that the Review and Herald produce a Seventh- joined by his wife as they saw 1862. day Adventist Bible Commentary. T. K. Martin, below center, the need of the trained minis- James White was a forceful headed the art department from 1921 until retiring in 1968.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1317) 21 1111111 '.11111111•-.111111111.7,7111111111P7„71111111P0 --.11111111.":„.„71111111!,7111W"-.11111111PZ.71111111111.",3.11111111.",„„7.1111,!.071111111 long articles on Bible doctrines pertinent to the Advent Movement, such as the Sabbath, the Second Coming, the sanctuary, and the law; reports of the editor's travels, "A Messenger of and the progress of the work; frequent poems; letters to and from readers; announcements of meetings and pub- Light and Truth" lications; names of those having written letters or sent in contributions (this served as their "receipt"); and a list of the paper's "agents" in the several States where it was A look at the church paper available. If there were any profits they were plowed back into the gospel publishing work. Soon after assuming his editorial post Uriah Smith through the eyes of Uriah Smith. wrote, "What is the object of this paper? . . . Our object is to lay before the people momentous and solemn truths, which are especially applicable to the present time and By EUGENE F. DURAND the immediate future, and to the exposition of which, WHAT COMPELLED James White to begin publish- there is no other periodical devoted. . . . It is to cheer and ing a paper six years after the great Disappointment? How comfort the believing, to arouse the slumbering, reclaim well did the REVIEW meet the objectives of its founder? the backsliding, and awaken the sinner." 2 Let us look at the early years of its publication through The one purpose most often mentioned was that of set- the eyes of Uriah Smith, a man who served on the edi- ting forth present truth as Sabbathkeeping Adventists torial staff for nearly all of its first 50 years. understood it. As early as 1858 the editor reported, "We The paper's full title at first was The Second Advent Re- have abundant evidence that the REVIEW during the past view and Sabbath Herald, which, with volume 2, was six months has been a messenger of light and truth to shortened to The Advent Review and Sabbath Herald. many minds," 3 indicating that its goal was being reached. Either under the title on the cover or under the name on Confidently he declared, "As for the truth, we know we page 3 appeared the text, "Here is the Patience of the have it. . . . And it must be heralded in trumpet tones Saints; Here are they that keep the Commandments of through all the land. The message must go. And let us God and the Faith of Jesus" (Rev. 14:12). Explaining the have a paper corresponding to the cause—the best cause title, Uriah Smith wrote, "One of its special objects is a in the world." 4 review of the past great Advent movement. . . . But our Solidarity was promoted not only by doctrinal articles paper is not alone a Review. We herald the Sabbath." 1 but by simply reporting what other Adventist churches To do this job in the earliest years, each issue consisted were doing. One issue gave an account of "Doings of the of eight large pages of fine print unbroken by illustra- Church in Vermont" that described a meeting of dele- tions. Volume I had two columns per page, but beginning gates from all the congregations in that State, at which with Volume II, there were three columns for many years. time it was voted that the hand of fellowship should be Published irregularly at first, in 1853 it began to appear withdrawn from any member persisting in the use of to- weekly. The contents of these early volumes included baccos This policy soon became universal among Ad- ventists.

Left: Uriah Smith was the second A Blessing to Isolated Members editor of the Review. Below: Heavy sacks of books and periodicals still were Doctrinal articles reached the homes of the scattered loaded onto the Review truck by hand in 1934. A fork lift helps loading- members week by week, furnishing "ammunition" with dock workers do the job now. Opposite which to meet opposers and stem apostasies. The breth- page, left: Millions and millions of ren were grateful for the help. Wrote one from Illinois: galley proofs have been read by Review "It is now almost one year since myself and my compan- proofreaders. Center and right: Today machines put glue on the backs of ion embraced present truth. . . . We feel quite lonely here, the books produced at the Review; the being the only ones in this vicinity to my knowledge who job is no longer done by hand, as it keep the Sabbath, and I feel I have need of the REVIEW was in these 1943 pictures. But there is and pamphlets to aid me in studying the Bible, in order still no machine to take the place of a person for checking pages. that I may safely meet those who oppose me in the doc- trines that I have embraced." 6 It was also the aim of the editor to keep his readers alert to the "signs of the times," the signals of the soon-com- ing Saviour. The News and Miscellany column, which reported on national and international events, carried the subheading, "Can ye not discern the signs of the times? —Matt. 16:3." Editorial columns were used to reply to attacks against Seventh-day Adventist teachings. And not only were false teachings exposed but false teachers, as well, of which there seemed to be many. Numerous back page no- tices were headed "Beware," and went on to describe persons such as one W. W. Jilz, who posed as a Sabbath- keeper to Seventh-day Adventists and Seventh Day Bap- tists in order to offer them "bargains" on a well auger. Said Smith, "We advise our brethren to make it unpleas- ant for all such vagrants and vampires." 7 On another occasion the editor alerted the church re- garding a certain Sterling Hardin, "who it seems ought to have his name transposed to Hardly Sterling," since he was posing as an SDA minister. It was revealed that the man had had five wives, and the only credentials he car-

22 (1318) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE ried was a copy of the Signs of the Times. "Head Him the communications in the REVIEW, as they have often Off," the notice was captioned.8 expressed it, are the only conference meetings they Then there were those claiming to be prophets, such have." 13 As one put it, "We have no preaching here but as one W. K. Lay, of Michigan, who was said to represent the REVIEW." 14 Elijah, Joshua, and Zerubbabel as a receiver of the pro- Even more than the articles, the letters from readers phetic mantle. Sighed Elder Smith, "How many will be seemed to cheer the lonely and give them courage. One foolish enough to be affected by this movement remains wrote of meeting no other Adventist for two years; an- to be seen. But the spirit of fanaticism is arousing, and we other of hearing no minister of his faith for three years. may look for strange things." 9 How they appreciated the REVIEW! The pages of their denomination's paper took the place Uriah Smith found it incomprehensible that anyone of church attendance for many isolated Adventists. In could cancel a subscription to the REVIEW, considering 1861 James White wrote that the REVIEW was "the only the blessings it had brought to its many subscribers. To regular preacher of the Seventh-day Adventists from one who stopped the paper with the excuse that he had Maine to Minnesota, as our ministers are not stationed no time to read it, the editor said, "It is pitiable to see a [there]. And its epistles of experience and exhortation are person so driven through the world as not to have time the only social [testimony] meetings the scattered ones to read concerning those things which pertain to his enjoy. Think of it. To about six hundred different post of- eternal salvation." If he had time to read the Bible, fices, but a single copy of the REVIEW is sent." 10 pray, and prepare his soul for the judgment, "we will not regret his lack of time to read the REVIEW," but this Reports Bind Members Together is not likely the case, thought Brother Smith." Reports of church growth and activities were another His sadness over such letters was brightened by means of binding the membership together. Editorials others telling of deep devotion to his beloved REVIEW. admonished the brethren that if they deprived themselves It is doubtful that any communication cheered the edi- of the published voice of the church they would be ig- tor's heart more than one from Kansas telling of a norant of its progress. Not realizing the magnitude of the mother's desire for the church paper and of her chil- work, they would be unable to enter into its spirit, interest dren's interest in receiving The Youth's Instructor. Her would wane, and such members would prove unpre- two boys, aged 10 and 11, trapped gophers, and in the pared to meet their soon-coming Lord." snow and cold of January walked ten miles to obtain the The church journal also served to unify the believers bounty offered for them. The next day they walked through its various announcements. In the early days another eight miles to mail the letter with their two and congregations did not have their own resident pastors; a half dollars ordering the papers. "Such zeal will meet they were served by itinerating ministers who were as- its reward," the editor assured them."' signed to a whole State. The publishing of the date and And can any doubt that the zeal of those pioneer place of future meetings to be held by these traveling publishers will also reap its reward? A century later preachers enabled members to attend and have their faith their spiritual descendants continue to build upon this strengthened through sermons and fellowship with Chris- grand tradition. As the REVIEW met the needs of a tians of like faith. This service was rendered by a weekly small young flock in simpler times, today it maintains its back-page column headed Appointments. If these itiner- role as a messenger of truth to a worldwide church in a aries did not cover the territory as thoroughly as the complex era. Teaching, comforting, and arousing; in- brethren thought they should, special notices, such as the forming, warning, and unifying; it goes forth still, re- following, would appear: "Bro. C. L. Palmer of Colon, viewing God's leading in the past and heralding "in makes a call for some messenger of present truth to labor trumpet tones . . . the best cause in the world." near Park, St. Joseph Co., this State. Several there are in- terested and anxious to learn the truth." 12 REFERENCES Evidence that the REVIEW was accomplishing its ob- ' Review, Dec. 17, 1867, p. 8. ° Ibid., May I, 1879, p. 144. Ibid., April 10. 1856, p. 4. 9 Ibid., Feb. 21, 1882, p. 120. ject of holding together the scattered flock" was ▪ 3 Ibid., Nov. 25, 1858, p. 4. 19 Ibid.. July 23, 1861, p. 60. ° Ibid.. April 2, 1867, p. 204. " Ibid., Oct. 27, 1885, p. 664. found in its many letters to the editor. Regarding these 3 Ibid., Dec. 4, 1855, pp. 76-79. " Ibid., Dec. 9, 1858, p. 24. letters the editor wrote, "There are many scattered and o P. E. Ferrin, letter to the editor, Review, " Ibid., Jan. 17, 1856, p. 124. July 10, 1856. p. 87. I. Ibid., May 1, 1856. p. 23. lonely ones who seldom have the privilege of meeting Review. , April I, 1873, p. 128; Sept. 29, " Ibid., Dec. 31, 1857, p. 64. with those of kindred faith and hopes; and the perusals of 1874, p. 120. " Ibid., Jan. 21, 1875. p. 32.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1319) 23 A NEVI/AFFIRMATION OF FAITH:

Elder Pierson has a of Jesus to this earth. soul-consuming desire In this book Elder to see Jesus return soon. Pierson invites you to This desire is reflected unite with him and with in his personal rela- WE ILL all other committed tionships and in his Adventists in a new leadership of the affirmation of faith and church. The twin key- loyalty to Christ and notes of his administra- to the things WE STILL tion are revival and BELIEVE. reformation within the ELIE church, and an accel- BY ROBERT H. PIERSON Order from your Ad- erated program of Elder Pierson's deep shares with the church ventist Book Center or evangelism by the conviction is that God his own earnest desire ABC Mailing Service, church. It is time, he has been leading His that the faith once P.O. Box 31776, Omaha, believes, for the people down through delivered to the saints Nebraska 68131. Add remnant people to the years and that be preserved as a living 30 cents postage for the bring their earthly the things we believe and active force in the first book and 15 cents pilgrimage to a close are, verily, the truth hearts and the lives of for each additional book. and to enter the heav- as it is in Christ Jesus. those who expect, soon, Add State sales tax enly Canaan. The author here to witness the return where necessary. REGULAR PRICE $6.95 ■ GENERAL CONFERENCE YEAR SPECIAL,ONLY$4.95 IPP'''‘UP-4141Pr" -.11011,-.41.110-41111P—.1.11," Revelation 11:19, "And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in his temple the ark of his testament." 125 Years Having followed their Great High Priest into the Most Holy Place of the heavenly sanctuary they now noted of Advancing Light that in this Revelation passage inspiration called their attention specifically to the ark of the covenant, which contained the law of God. Why this particular attention? Because of the universal neglect of the fourth com- The founders of the Seventh-day mandment, they concluded. God was calling for reform in the matter of the weekly day of worship. Adventist Movement decided to Thus the sanctuary truth came to imply the Sabbath truth, and the two became indissolubly wedded. Truth continued to fall into place for this group. The adopt no creed but the Bible. Millerites had conceived of their preaching of the near- ness of the Second Advent as the preaching of the first angel's message. When, in the summer of 1844, many of them were expelled from their congregations they held that this was the result of the popular churches' re- jection of the news of the first angel. Consequently, By DON F. NEUFELD they applied to these Churches the solemn pronounce- ment of the second angel, "Babylon is fallen." ONE HUNDRED and twenty-five years have passed But to the third angel's message the earlier Millerites since James White delivered the manuscript pages of had given only a general interpretation. the first issue of The Second Advent Review and Sabbath However, those for whom the sanctuary and Sabbath Herald to the printers. The paper was a private under- truth had become wedded suddenly saw their new em- taking, not a church project. The group to whom it was phasis on the law of God as the very message of the addressed had not yet organized itself into a church. third angel. Warning against the keeping of the beast's Helped by the paper, organization was effected in 1860, holy day, the angel called attention to those who "keep ten years later. the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus" What were the convictions of the paper's founder (Rev. 14:12). This, they were certain, was a call to (and those of his associates) that led him to seek an abandon Sundaykeeping and to begin to observe the effective means to disseminate his views? seventh day of the week as the Sabbath of the Lord A minority group among the disillusioned Millerites according to the commandment. had found an explanation for the Ottober 22, 1844, disappointment. Convinced that they were led of God Overwhelming Evidence of Special Message in their Bible research, they came to the conclusion that The blending of the three—the sanctuary, the Sab- even though their Lord had not returned to this earth as bath, and the third angel's message to the "little Rock"— expected, something of overwhelming significance had became overwhelming evidence that God had com- occurred on that date. As they explained it, Christ, the mitted to them a special message for that time. The heavenly High Priest, on that very day had entered the obvious truth of these three needed to be heralded. Most Holy Place of the heavenly sanctuary, where He And so James White began to publish, at first, in 1849, had a brief ministry to perform before returning to this the Present Truth, believing that the three truths of the earth. sanctuary, the Sabbath, and the third angel's message Their grasp of the full significance of this event and were present truth. Then he added the Advent Review, of the nature of Christ's ministry in the second apart- whose purpose it was to review the evidences the ment was at first only partial. Even when the REVIEW Millerites had accumulated that the date October 22, AND HERALD began to be published some six years 1844, was correct, thus showing the true foundation after the explanation was discovered, there were details of the sanctuary truth. In November, 1850, he combined of the doctrine of the sanctuary that remained to be these two papers into one and called it The Second Ad- amplified. But it was the acceptance of the light on the heavenly sanctuary that distinguished a small group of Millerites from the majority, who concluded that they had mis- takenly calculated the date, October 22, 1844, and that nothing should be made of that date. Specifically, then, the sanctuary truth was the rallying cry that distinguished a small group of believers in the nearness of the Second Advent from the rapidly disin- tegrating majority group of Millerites. This small group had no specific name. A broadside published in 1847 directed to this group was entitled "Word to the Little Flock." Another broadside was addressed to "The Little Remnant Scattered Abroad." As early as 1844, even before the Disappointment, some of the Millerites had begun to keep the Sabbath. Shortly after the Disappointment some of those who had accepted the sanctuary truth began to keep the day. But it was not until the Sabbath truth became wedded with the sanctuary doctrine that a great impetus was given to the Sabbath doctrine. It happened in this way. Students investigating the The Review staff in Takoma Park, Maryland, received 1930 General Bible teaching of the sanctuary in heaven suddenly noted Conference reports via telephone from San Francisco, California.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1321) 25 vent Review and Sabbath Herald. He would continue to publish the Millerite evidences for the date 1844, a key date, and he would herald the Sabbath truth, so con- vincingly set forth in the sanctuary doctrine and the third angel's message. The discovery of these new truths—the sanctuary in heaven, the Sabbath, and the third angel's message— the "little flock" deemed valid and sufficient reason for establishing a new religious body. Except for a handful of Sabbathkeepers, mainly the Seventh Day Baptists, proclaiming the Sabbath, Christendom was ignoring all three truths. This certainly was reason enough for God's true followers to separate from "Babylon," the popular religious bodies, and join those of whom it is said, "Here are they that keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus" (Rev. 14:12). No Creed but the Bible It is not a simple step to found a new religious body. Eventually this body would have to express itself not only upon these foundational truths that set it apart from other religious bodies but upon all Bible doctrines. Since the creedal churches out of which the "little flock" had come had ignored important Bible truths, Boys and Girls Wanted, Gladys Henry Curtis presumably because of their fanatical adherence to their creeds, the group decided that they would have no Jesus Needs Helpers, Gladys Henry Curtis creed but the Bible. This was a bold decision to make, for men understand the Bible differently, and it would The Little Homemaker, Hazel Hartwell Simon take time to reach unanimity of opinion. Telling the story of some of the early meetings when "Tell Me About Ellen White," Marye Trim the doctrines were established, Ellen White said, "My husband, Elder Joseph Bates, Father Pierce, Elder Ed- son, and others who were keen, noble, and true, were among those who, after the passing of the time in 1844, searched for the truth as for hidden treasure. I met with them, and we studied and prayed earnestly. . . . "When they came to the point in their study where they said, 'We can do nothing more,' the Spirit of the Lord would come upon me, I would be taken off in vision, and a clear explanation of the passages we had been studying would be given me, with instruction as to how we were to labor and teach effectively. . . . "During this whole time I could not understand the reasoning of the brethren. My mind was locked, as it were, and I could not comprehend the meaning of the scriptures we were studying. . . . The brethren knew that when not in vision, I could not understand these matters, and they accepted as light direct from heaven the revelations given."—Ellen G. White Special Testi- mony, Series B, No. 2, pp. 56, 57. Reflecting on these early experiences, Ellen White These also said, "Very well do we know how every point of delight- truth was established, and the seal set upon it by the ful little story- Holy Spirit of God."—Selected Messages, book 2, p. books will cap- 104. "The proclamation of the first, second, and third ture the imagination angels' messages has been located by the Word of of young children with Inspiration. Not a peg or a pin is to be removed."—Ibid. thrilling stories and eye- Setting forth the doctrinal stance of the group of catching color illustrations which he was founder, James White explained in the throughout. You will want to get REVIEW of August 11, 1853: "As a people we are them all! They are only $1.25 each. brought together from divisions of the Advent body [the Millerites], and from the various denominations, holding different views on some subjects; yet, thank Heaven, the Sabbath is a mighty platform on which we can all stand united. And while standing here, with the Order from your local Adventist Book Center or ABC Mailing aid of no other creed than the Word of God, and bound Service, P.O. Box 31776, Omaha, Nebraska 68131. Please add 30 cents for postage for the first book, and 10 cents for together by the bonds of love—love for the truth, love each additional book. Add State sales tax where necessary. rh for each other, and love for a perishing world—'which is stronger than death,' all party feelings are lost. We are united in these great subjects: Christ's immediate, personal second Advent, and the observance of all of

26 (1322) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE the commandments of God, and the faith of his Son righteousness of Christ, which is made manifest in obe- Jesus Christ, as necessary to a readiness for his Ad- dience to all the commandments of God. Many had lost vent." sight of Jesus. They needed to have their eyes directed to For example, one of the views on which they dif- His divine person, His merits, and His changeless love fered was that concerning the Trinity. Some of the lead- for the human family."—Testimonies to Ministers, pp. ers had been members of the Christian Connection, a 91, 92. church that at that time held a form of the Arian belief Again because the church had adopted no creed but the concerning the nature of Christ. Arguing from the terms Bible, so long as the new emphasis could be shown to be Father and Son, this church, while it did not deny that Bible supported, it stood a chance of being accepted, and Christ was divine, the Creator of heaven and earth, by many was accepted. Son of God, Lord, and Saviour, held that Christ had a beginning, even though in the inconceivably remote A Noncreedal Church Is Dynamic past. When these leaders formed a new group they In other doctrines also there was development as the brought this belief with them, and for some 50 years Bible became better understood. A church that accepts and more there were those in the Seventh-day Advent- no creed but the Bible is a dynamic church constantly ist Church who held the Christian Connection view or searching the Scriptures for a more complete understand- some modification of it. But during all these years, when ing of the character and purposes of God. It is no mothball Ellen White expressed herself on the nature of Christ church, seeking simply to maintain the faith delivered to she never endorsed the anti-Trinitarian view, but em- it at the beginning of the way. Such a mothball condition phasized Christ's eternity and His equality with His is what the early Seventh-day Adventist adherents be- Father. Her position has been the church's position lieved existed in the nominal churches. In an editorial in now for years. the REVIEW, April 30, 1857, Uriah Smith, the paper's The fact that the church held to no creed but the editor at that time, blamed the declension in these Bible enabled it to make a transition to Trinitarianism churches upon their rigidity, which he defined as "their without serious controversy. If the church had adopted resting down with what truth they had." He said, "Truth a creed, and an anti-Trinitarian position had been writ- is onward, and its advancing light must be kept pace ten into the creed, it is doubtful that the change could with." have been effected easily. By contrast he characterized the group that accepted In other doctrines also there was development. For ex- the sanctuary truth after the Disappointment as follows: ample, because of the nature of the special foundational "Since 1844 more light has risen upon our pathway. 'The truths the group had espoused, there was a tendency to shining light' has thus far shone 'more and more' upon us. emphasize these truths, and correctly so, because these We have been enabled to rejoice in truths far in advance were the truths ignored by Christendom at large and these of what we then perceived. But we do not imagine that we were areas in which God was calling for reform. More or yet have it all, by any means."—Ibid. less the group took for granted that Christians understood There were those in the early days of the Seventh-day the basic gospel truths upon which the major Christian Adventist Movement who predicted that Sabbathkeeping bodies were in agreement. Adventists would soon become sectarian, formal, and But the result was an unbalanced presentation of Bib- lifeless. This would be tragic, Uriah Smith intimated: "It lical teaching. At a ministerial meeting and a General has been said that we, as a people, would not long main- Conference session following, held in Minneapolis, tain our simplicity and fervency in the profession of our Minnesota, in 1888, certain speakers attempted to restore faith, but become sectarian, formal and lifeless, like the what they felt was a lost emphasis. Ellen White strongly sects that have gone before us. But, brethren, how is this? supported them. In one of her publications she summa- Shall this be so? This is the very point we wish to avoid." rizes the situation as follows: —Ibid. "The Lord in His great mercy sent a most precious Such an open attitude toward truth does not mean that message to His people through Elders Waggoner and no truth is settled in the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Jones. This message was to bring more prominently be- Far from it. We have already noted that the Holy Spirit fore the world the uplifted Saviour, the sacrifice for the set His seal upon the truths established by the early Sab- sins of the whole world. It presented justification through bathkeeping Adventists. Not a peg of this is to be moved. faith in the Surety; it invited the people to receive the Ellen White affirmed concerning these truths, "When the power of God testifies as to what is truth, that truth is to stand forever as the truth. No after suppositions contrary to the light God has given are to be entertained."—Se- lected Messages, book 1, p. 161. Truths relating to the sanctuary, the Sabbath, the three angels' messages, testified to by the power of God, are not negotiable. True, our understanding of them should ex- pand, but such expanded knowledge will never contra- dict what God has earlier revealed. At the same time, "we must not think, 'Well, we have all the truth, we under- stand the main pillars of our faith, and we may rest on this knowledge.' The truth is an advancing truth, and we must walk in the increasing light."—Review and Herald, March 25, 1890. That the Seventh-day Adventist Church did not settle on a creed, which without doubt by now would have turned the movement into a fossilized body, should be a matter of great encouragement. As the church has con- tinued to dig in the Bible's deep mines of truth it has dis- covered many precious gems. This' process must go on. Reviews have been printed on this web press since June of 1966, Even after faith is made sight, advancement in knowl- but in February, 1976, a new, faster web press will be installed. edge will continue.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1323) 27 up- -mop- -gip- -mum- -gip- -.141.--qui Paul instructed, "I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning them which are asleep. . . . For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them The Second Advent also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with him. . . . For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, of Christ with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first" (1 Thess. 4: 13-16). From gloomy, hopeless Patmos comes the blazing hope of John: "Behold, he cometh with clouds; and ev- Belief in the precious promise ery eye shall see him" (Rev. 1:7). The distress of his per- sonal experience in that lonely penitentiary only made of Christ's soon return is the him cry out plaintively, "Even so, come, Lord Jesus." Suffering is a minister of God to make us disenchanted cornerstone of the SDA message. with this world and long for the freedom of the world to come. Through trials our characters are refined and pol- ished. The trials of this life only make us homesick for heaven. We long for Christ to come and put an end to all the misery with which we are surrounded. "Cast not away therefore your confidence, which hath great recompence of reward. . . . For yet a little while, and he that shall come will come, and will not tarry" (Heb. 10:35-37). How do we know that Christ will return to this By CHARLES D. BROOKS earth? We know because He said He would. "Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, be- SOON THE WORLD will witness the literal, personal, lieve also in me. In my Father's house are many mansions: visible, audible, and unimaginably glorious return of the if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a Lord of hosts to this earth. Jesus Christ will come again. place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I This always has been, always will be, the blessed hope of will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where God's people. I am, there ye may be also" (John 14:1-3). This is a major tenet of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Our spiritual forebears were adventists before The Angel Promise they were a denomination. Belief in the precious promise When the anxious disciples stood straining their necks of Christ's personal return is the cornerstone of our mes- and eyes, peering into the sky on the day Christ ascended sage. If we do not believe in the coming of our Lord we to His Father so long ago, two angels repeated the promise cannot believe in the Advent Movement. If Christ is not Jesus had only recently enunciated. Said they, "This coming again our global commitment and global assign- same Jesus . . . shall so come in like manner as ye have ment are senseless and meaningless. There would be little seen him go" (Acts 1:11). reason for our universities, colleges, academies, and The disciples had understood Christ when He spoke to other schools. them, but now there is a new word emphasized that We would need no publishing houses, for there would causes them to hurry down from Olivet and get about His be no worthwhile message to publish. Our hospitals would work. They journeyed far without scrip or purse, they be enshrouded in an atmosphere of hopelessness and endured cold and heat, hunger and thirst, jailings, tor- melancholy gloom. The blind would never escape their ture, and death. They were fired by the promise that this darkness, the lame would never hope to "leap as an hart," same Jesus shall come. They had no delusions about the dumb would forever remain mute, the deaf could death being the second coming of their beloved Christ. never' expect to hear, and those who go down into the They expected the same Jesus! Should Rome have abol- grave would never live again. If we yield our faith in the ished oppression and granted them perpetual amnesty, blessed hope of Christ's personal return we destroy our- this would not have been the second coming of Christ to selves! them. They never held the notion that better politics, the The darkest human experience seems to be death. cessation of hostilities, improved human relations, or any

Left: Commentary staff members worked in what was once the Review chapel on third floor. Joining associate editors D. F. Neufeld, seated at typewriter, and R. F. Cottrell, to his right, are B. E. Seton; Julia Neuffer, research assistant; Leona Running; and H. E. Douglass. Right: Editor of The Youth's Instructor from 1923 to 1952 was Lora E. Clement. To many she will be remembered as the author of the column "Let's Talk It Over." After retiring as editor she worked as librarian in the Review editorial library until her accidental death in 1958.

28 (1324) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE other social event could be interpreted as the second com- that the day of the Lord come not upon us as an over- ing of Christ. whelming surprise. To become careless and indifferent They looked for the same Jesus to come. The same is to become immoral. Jesus who had ordained them, who preached with His Recently I spent several weeks in foreign lands. The voice full of teats calling the lost to salvation. The same people in all those lands knew almost immediately that I Jesus meek and mild, gentle and kind; the same Jesus with was an American. My speech betrayed me, my dress sig- the easy smile and kingly bearing. The same Jesus who nified it, my choice of food and the many customs that I cleansed lepers, healed diseases, silenced storms, dis- did not heed all marked me as peculiar and foreign. It patched demons, touched children, raised the dead, saved must be so with the spiritual pilgrim who waits on his in- sinners, and died for the lost, will come. The same heritance. His dress, his manners, his food, and all his Saviour who had destroyed the works of the devil, burst living must indicate to those about him that he belongs to the bonds of the tomb, and led captivity captive will re- another commonwealth and that he is happy about his turn for His people. He who sits at the Father's right hand prospects. pleading for us, who answers prayer and sends His winged ministers on errands of mercy, who loves as no Waiting and Watching other can love, and who delays His return only because In vision Mrs. White saw those who were waiting on He is not willing that any should perish—this same Jesus the Lord's return. She wrote: "The waiting ones were will come again. represented to me as looking upward. They were en- Christ's coming shall be utterly visible and public, for couraging one another by repeating these words: 'The "every eye shall see him" (Rev. 1:7). It shall be ex- first and second watches are past. We are in the third tremely audible, for He shall descend with a shout and watch, waiting and watching for the Master's return. with the trumpet's peal (1 Thess. 4:16). The earth shall be There remains but a little period of watching now. . . . rent, mountains shall stagger out of their places, casting The coming of the morning . . . is right upon us.' "— down their ponderous peaks before Him. The seas shall Ibid., vol. 2, pp. 192-194. "All heaven is astir. The Judge wail and whine and roar, cities shall be thrown down in of all the earth is soon to arise and vindicate His insulted cataclysmic dissolution. Men who mocked and scoffed authority."—Ibid., vol. 5, p. 451. and put off salvation shall run screaming in terror, craving Not long ago I flew across the great Altantic Ocean in a death (Rev. 6:14-17). He comes because He said He rather old plane. It was the stormy season, and I was a would. He comes as He said He would. He comes in tri- bit disquieted by the announcement that we would be umph, in power and great glory, attended by a bright and nine and one-half hours over water from Liberia to New matchless retinue of dazzling angels, with the perfect York. After hours of flight, the plane was illuminated by pageantry conceived in a divine mind that shall thrill and fierce lightning. Severe storms churned the sea beneath amaze not only the inhabitants of earth but also those un- us. We bounced along, and I kept thinking of the darkness numbered worlds beyond, who celebrate with Christ the and the fearful agitation of the ocean below. Finally, as I end of the reign of sin. stared down into the angry, wind-swept night, I spied a What should be our attitude who receive this unalter- tiny light. Was it a ship at sea? Soon there was another able promise from God's Word? Said John, "Beloved, light, then another. It was evident that we had overflown now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear the sea and were now above land. The lights became what we shall be: but we know that, when he shall ap- more and more frequent. Our destination was New York. pear, we shall be like him; for we shall see him as he is. We must have been approaching it, for more and more And every man that hath this hope in him purifieth him- lights appeared. In a little while the edge of the city was self, even as he is pure" (1 John 3:2, 3). ablaze beneath. The journey was almost over. More and The Pure in Heart Shall See God more lights were telling me so. I rejoiced in the message of the lights. Soon I would be safely among loved ones in How comprehensive is this counsel. If the great truth joyous reunion. of Christ's second coming is brought home to the heart The closer we get to our destination, the more the signs through His grace, then there is the responsibility both will appear. For those who follow the light there is suffi- solemn and sensible to do something about it. Everyone cient evidence that we are almost home. This is the time that hath this hope purifieth himself. Here is rationale to be absorbed with our blessed hope until it affects every enough for health reform, dress reform, clean morals, aspect of our lives. Our Lord will come! ❑ the sanctity of marriage, love of one another (for there is no guile or vermin more revolting than hatred), and all the other high and lofty ideals that are held in common by sanctified hearts. So let all contaminating human ration- alizing be put aside! Let human philosophy and vain deceit that call for laxity on all moral issues be generally dis- counted, though it be couched in high-flown polysyllabic rhetoric. Everyone that hath this hope purifieth himself. "Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God" (Matt. 5:8). "Go to your rest at night with every sin con- fessed. Thus we did when in 1844 we expected to meet our Lord. And now this great event is nearer than when we first believed."—Testimonies, vol. 9, p. 48. All around us are the harbingers of the end. War and violence and crime and immorality are so common as to require no documentation in this brief article. Spiritism and the fascination with religious paganism are unfolding the Revelation. We feel the incessant fear, the perplexity, the horrors of society, while at the same time learning to live complacently with our own savagery. This is a terri- Longtime Review editor F. D. Nichol -from 1952 to 1957 assumed also the editorship of The SDA Bible Commentary. Beginning ble damnation that is overtaking us. We ought to reread work at 4:30 A.M., he expected his associates to be in their offices Matthew 24, Luke 21, 2 Timothy 3, 2 Peter 3, and all the at an equally early hour. One warm spring morning he joined Elder other related warnings and counsels so graciously given Cottrell on the Review roof to discuss a point of interpretation.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1325) 29 '.1111111111w\II so in order that the Sabbath may prefigure the rest that has no evening—the rest of eternity, a rest that is best pre- pared for by well-spent Sabbaths in the here and now. Rest Day—Blest Day Without the Sabbath how could man properly have known who he was, why he was here, and how he should Test Day! set about achieving life's objectives? The Sabbath me- morializing Creation answers all of man's major ques- tions. He is not an elongated protein molecule, nor a "stir As artifacts and works of genius in the slime or a fuss in the mud," but a child of a per- sonal heavenly Father made in the likeness of, and for fel- lowship with, his Maker. have the maker's name and seal Thus on Scripture's front page we see the Sabbath as the great religious institution, dating from before the Fall, placed upon them, so the Sabbath made for the first man and therefore for all men. Its ob- servance is shown to be a primary duty of religion, and failure here is stamped as a sin of the first magnitude. The became the seal of Creation. blessing placed upon the seventh day is distinct from its sanctification, and signifies a special dowry for all faith- ful Sabbathkeepers. As artifacts and works of genius have the maker's name and seal placed upon them, so the Sabbath became the seal of Creation—a seal placed on time itself as that which was by its very nature incapable of obscuration or aboli- By DESMOND FORD tion. As Abraham Heschel once remarked: "Most people can tell the difference between a keyhole and the Grand Canyon, but they cannot tell the difference between two WE SHOULD PAY ATTENTION to beginnings, for moments." Time is richer than space, and for those who the beginnings of things are revelatory of their nature, are not idolatrous materialists but who choose by faith purpose, and end. For example, a study of the begin- to see the invisible, the Sabbath is recognized as God's nings of the Sabbath as set forth in the Holy Scriptures sign of ownership and authority. If the Sabbath was re- solves many vexing questions regarding the law of God, quired for man's well-being in Eden itself, where work the plan of redemption, and things to come. was light and all was beauty and health, how dare men First, there is Creation, that beginning of all begin- imagine that the holy day can be either safely or lawfully nings. Before a single act of Adam is described, the in- disregarded now in a world of sorrow, temptation, and spiring Spirit sets before us the origin of the Sabbath. The toil? record of its divine institution is preceded only by the de- scription of the six days of Creation, an account which A Unique Commandment itself enhances the Sabbath by showing it to be woven into the very fabric of the created universe. As the first With the deliverance of God's ancient church from face man saw was that of his Creator who brought him Egypt came the giving of the law. As God proclaimed His into life's awakening, so the first whole day man experi- covenant afresh to a redeemed people, He placed in the enced was the Sabbath—a day of fellowship with his bosom of the covenant law a unique commandment, one Life-giver. enshrining in symbol and parable the main essentials of Note also from this opening account that while all other knowledge for created beings, and commemorating for- days are spoken of as having an evening, it is not so men- ever the towering pillars of existence, namely, Creation tioned with the Sabbath. It has been suggested that this is and redemption.' As Haldane noticed: "It stands between the two tables of our duty to God and our duty to man, as the great foun- dation and cornerstone binding both together—its ob- servance supporting and conducive to our obedience to the whole." 2 This largest and most vital of the Ten Words is doubly protected. First, by its position in the heart of the law, fenced on each side by precepts undeniably moral and eternal, and second, by its opening warning word, "Re- member." Another important beginning is that of the New Testa- ment. Here the work of redemption is expressed in terms parallel to the old creation (see John 1:1; 2 Cor. 4:6; 1 Peter 2:9), and, as might be expected, the Sabbath is prominent. On the average, approximately one in every ten chapters of the Gospels discusses the Sabbath. Christ declares Himself Lord of that institution, which He traces back to Creation (Mark 2:27) and tells what is "law- ful" to do on that day, that man might be blessed and God glorified (Matt. 12:12; John 5:17). He performs seven miracles on respective Sabbaths, illustrating the truth that the holy day is a symbol of God's love and power. For no mere ceremonial requirement did He thus risk His life and mission (Matt. 12:10-14; John 5:18). His observance of In his studio near the Review, Harry Anderson did many paintings for Review books and periodicals. Although he is now living in the day included remembrance of it in death as in life. Connecticut, he still does free-lance work for the publishing house, Having declared concerning His sacrificial labors on the including recent new covers for Arthur Maxwell's The Bible Story. sixth day "It is finished," He entered into rest thus mak-

30 (1326) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE ing the Sabbath a sign "that the great work of redemp- Where does Scripture testify concerning the Sabbath tion had been accomplished." 3 (Compare Luke 23:56; as God's testing sign? It is the everlasting sign of the ever- Gen. 2:1-3.) lasting covenant (see Ex. 31:12-17; Isa. 56:1-4).. More Finally, there is the beginning of the end. The book of than any other institution of true religion it shows the Revelation has for one of its high points chapter 14. Here unity of the law and the gospel. It points to the rest of the we read of the threefold message that heralds the Advent. soul enjoyed by him who accepts Christ's finished work. Having mentioned "the everlasting gospel" the chapter If our acceptance with God depended upon our works, proceeds to quote from that commandment, which is it- when would we know we had done enough? But if our ac- self the sign of the gospel. Men living in the end time are ceptance depends on His work, then spiritual rest can be told to "worship him that made heaven, and earth, and ours today (Heb. 4:3). This rest leads not to inactivity, for the sea." The memorial of Creation is now more important "the heart that rests most fully upon Christ will be most than ever before, since the greater the distance from earnest and active in labor for Him." 5 Creation the more vague are men's ideas concerning it. As the sign of the everlasting covenant the Sabbath The twentieth century gives abundant evidence that it points to both justification and sanctification.6 But more, is impossible to forget the Sabbath without swinging to- it is the sign also of glorification, for the Sabbath is to be ward either the pride of Lucifer or the grossness of the the memorial of the new creation, as well as of the old.' beast. Today men and women are trying to fill the God- How significant it is that in the very year (1844) when shaped blank in their hearts by all sorts of substitutes. In Darwin wrote his first sketch of The Origin of Species, the alienation and despair of our chaotic era, the misuse that book which perhaps above all other books has in- of drugs, sex, and other little gods acts as a chloroform fluenced our modern world in its latter-day meteorlike de- mask for those afraid of life and death. cline from God,8 the seventh-day Sabbath should be re- Heirloom of Paradise stored as a trust to the remnant church, that through them it might be given to the world.6 So much for the Sabbath and its beginning. Let us con- Thus the Sabbath finds in the remnant church its most sider this heirloom of Paradise from other perspectives. complete significance and application. Not by chance has As with all true doctrines the Sabbath is Christ cen- this church chosen the name "Seventh-day Adventist." tered. It was Christ who rested on that first holy day. The title points to the beginning and end of time, in an age Seven times the New Testament speaks of Him as the when millions of people have lost all sense of meaning, not Creator of the world, and thus it must ever be recognized knowing whence they came nor whither they go. Only that the seventh day is Christ's rest day, and just as inca- he who knows the truth concerning his origin and destiny pable of change as one's birthday. can live purposefully and effectually. The Sabbath and The Sabbath is grace centered. "We ourselves owe the Advent spell out "the everlasting gospel" of God's everything to God's free grace." 4 This truth is proclaimed love and power. They reveal God as the One who has done by the memorial of God's gifts in Creation and redemp- for us what we cannot do for ourselves, the God who tion. Every blessing, from the crumb to the crown, is the originally came to man in Paradise with the gift of life and fruit of the sacrifice of Christ, "the Lamb slain from the fellowship, who came again to the sacrificial stable and foundation of the world." cross, and who, because we cannot go to Him, will come Not surprisingly, the Sabbath is also faith centered. gloriously once more with all of Eden's blessings re- Faith is insight rather than sight, an emptying of the newed. hands, so to speak, of the things of this world, in order to grasp the blessings that Sabbath fellowship with God REFERENCES alone can bring in fullness. Sabbathkeeping is both the Deut. 5:15. mother and child of true faith. • Romans, p. 699. 3 The Desire of Ages, p. 758. The Sabbath is Word centered. Only in Scripture do we Christ's Object Lessons, p. 250. " Steps to Christ, p. 71. find both the Lord and the Lord's day. Some moral duties • See Deut. 5:12-15; Eze. 20:12, 20. See also The Desire of Ages, pp. 281, 283, 288; Testimo- are indicated by the necessities of society, but Sabbath- nies, vol. 6. p. 353. The Desire of Ages, pp. 769. 770. keeping is found in Scripture alone, and thus becomes a ° See Introduction to The Origin of Species. • Only one command in all Scripture concerns the first day of the week (1 Cor. 16:1, 2), and it test for all who claim to walk according to that Holy Word. is a command concerning the local emergency of a first-century famine, and in effect it requires The Sabbath is not only the rest day, the blest day, the Christians to do their bookkeeping at the beginning of the working week. The instance of Acts 20:7, which refers to a Saturday night (N.E.B.), has no weight. If the examples of even good men best day but also the test day. were binding as laws, what troubles would afflict the church universal.

Review copy was set on keyboard-operated Linotype machines for many years. Several of these machines are still in use at the publishing house. Above: The Review's cafeteria was well known for its good food and good service. This was the staff in the late 1940's. The cafeteria building was demolished in 1972.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1327) 31

Pvlr ' 7 P:7 P4:73 r''.7.!4 :7 wil! 4: ?,":"AT''1 r":11 4S.P.7 F'.'1F".1P:1" Plc Fr."41'.11FIFMISr.lr P:11 F'.'1 rell: F.01 g,:iii LiiiiteiLitigAgeliikA gokikAactactictagoligclagctikkigmagmetigAgAitotig‘tig,014,g(44 _ rs ,T. Ai ikil ttol twa `g.:4m dventistcHentage 'g 4.4111 , . P I .z.4"4$1 , A MAGAZINE of ADVENTIST HISTORY gm,

ft;'-'3 r:. • r,/,..,: 1 4,IP lqd ---4 Looking toward the world's end, Ad- ... • ..., c.iog . .,:,..... E p., - 44' ' a' ventists have not always given the atten- gAli • 41:::,,110- •••41A ,,,...... _„„inier- V 7,..- • tion to their history that it deserves. Yet . c 1 i 4.1, IR PI it GM . Z history is important, for it contributes to self-iden- g4411 ,tIo:'1 . tity. Even a cursory examination of Adventism's rVI gGist relatively short history reveals that it is a rich and gAil interesting one. 0 ADVENTIST HERITAGE shares :::1r' Dime Tabernacle, Battle Creek r''')V a* with its readers little-known aspects of Adventist g G4 i • .. v.,. history. It seeks to recapture the spirit that moti- r; 7.1 ...1'.'41.• vated the pioneers of thesmovement and to howheth Tel AA 1 / e :"I significance of that spirit for today. In a time of !V.'S, frantic change and uncertainty, Adventists need to PI` gm 11 .. . „ reflect on their past experience. Understanding more ..„, — , , 1 tt;'- , 1:- ,,, of Adventist heritage will add to a person's sense of V'S i.' gGitt perspective and provide insight into contemporary gc 6.41i tr:17 tili MI ia I . situations. 0 ADVENTIST HERITAGE adheres to WV ,i.:4si high standards of historical scholarship. We feel our a :id !VII history is so important that it should not be available P:T. New England Tract Society Office to historians and theologians alone. For this reason, g64/1 WV South Lancaster, Massachusetts the magazine is designed to appeal to general readers. Wit7f ki:4:i 0 ADVENTIST HERITAGE is written by both k(24ii pc.".-..$ professional scholars and free lance writers. Its ar- w/o titles, pictures, and reviews span the period of Ad- ..94 k.,244 k ventism from the early nineteenth century until -,,o WI' . , well into the twentieth. Covering both Seventh-day I Ai Adventist and other adventist groups, they indicate g(744 KT i I 1 the length and breadth of Adventist history. 0 P4,0 II ce,..46 ADVENTIST HERITAGE appears at a time when '-"'" pc,, ,,# ,,,.,..:*.. ,,. -.,.: ,„--.9, - •"---- •• many are discovering the fascination and inspiration victm a,.._L tot IA , r'N , of Adventist history. We want to share this discovery kii7i 00 V 4 - i with you. WV rg 744A' ricpTo Washington, New Hampshire Church KM k(2,5i k(244 prom NM NM =II MINI NM IMIN NM OM MEI =I MI IMII MO =II MN Mill NM OM Eli UM MINI MN MN =II M M MN =I MN MI ME MINI NM 11=

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32 (1328) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE judgment on I Peter 4:5-7, 17, 18. Here Peter affirms that "judgment must begin at the house of God," that is, with the elect, that it must take place before the The Investigative resurrection of the saints, and that all must give an ac- count of the deeds done in the flesh. The basic concept Judgment reflected in the term "investigative judgment," then, preceded the term itself. This subject is set forth most fully in the chapter bearing that title in The Great Con- troversy, by Ellen G. White. Perhaps no facet of faith is more According to the apostle Paul, God "has fixed a day on which he will judge the world" and "render to every distinctly Seventh-day Adventist man according to his works." 2 John the revelator simi- larly declares that at His coming Christ will "repay every one for what he has done." 3 The term "investi- than the investigative judgment. gative judgment" refers to "the preliminary phase of the great final judgment by which God intervenes in human affairs to bring the reign of sin to a close and to inaugurate Christ's eternal reign of righteousness." 4 By RAYMOND F. COTTRELL That the final judgment will distinguish between those who have accepted and those who have rejected AMONG THE UNIQUE doctrines that the REVIEW Heaven's invitation of mercy, Christ clearly taught in AND HERALD, founded in 1850, was the first to expound His parable of the sheep and the goats, in which He was that of the investigative judgment. summons one group to inherit His eternal kingdom and The reason it was first is that this doctrine is uniquely sentences the other to eternal annihilation.5 Of necessity Seventh-day Adventist. Even after a hundred years of the distinction in character between these two groups proclamation it has been accepted by no other religious must be known, and their fate determined, before Christ body. In fact, the expression "investigative judgment" comes, and Seventh-day Adventists refer to this pre- never occurs outside of Adventist literature except in a Advent phase of the judgment, which verifies the eligi- discussion of Adventist beliefs. bility of the "sheep" to enter the eternal fold of the The key text on which the doctrine is based is, "Unto heavenly Shepherd, as the investigative judgment. two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the This same concept of a pre-Advent separation based sanctuary be cleansed" (Dan. 8:14). The Millerites had on intrinsic character, Christ reiterated again and again calculated the date for the termination of the 2300 days in His parables—the separation of the wheat from the as October 22, 1844. On that day they expected their tares and of good fish from the bad, and the exclusion Lord to come out of the heavenly sanctuary, after He from the wedding feast of the man without a wedding had performed a brief but undefined ritual there, to bless garment.6 His waiting people in the Advent. God Explains His Purpose After the Disappointment they learned that the ritual To be sure, God does not need to go through an elab- would require some time, how much they did not know. orate process of investigation in order to determine who Only after years of Bible study did they come to under- is eligible for salvation and who is not, for all things are stand fully the nature of Christ's final ministry in the open to Him at all times. But, as with everything else in heavenly sanctuary, that this ministry would involve a the plan of salvation, He explains His purpose and His work of judgment. acts to the onlooking universe. To men He explains His In 1854 J. N. Loughborough connected the cleansing acts in terms familiar to them—in this case, of judicial of the sanctuary, as a work of judgment, with the mes- proceedings—in order that they may understand and sage of the first angel of Revelation 14:6, 7—"the hour cooperate intelligently with Him. Within human experi- of his judgment is come"—and the following year Uriah ence such proceedings include an investigation of the Smith developed the idea still further.1 Finally, in 1857, evidence, a determination of guilt or innocence, and James White used the term "investigative judgment," the execution of the sentence or the vindication of the basing his conclusions with respect to a pre-Advent person being investigated. Obviously, in this context the evidence must be considered before the sentence The Christian is pronounced and carried out. The fact that a person's Record Braille eternal fate is determined by the evidence assures all Foundation in intelligent beings that God's decision is not arbitrary. Lincoln, Ne- braska, since 1965 In Leviticus 16 the day on which the sanctuary was has been printing cleansed is called the Day of Atonement. The act of a quarterly atonement there described must be distinguished from edition of the the atonement Christ made on the cross, although all Review in Braille. Presses like this acts of salvation rest ultimately on the cross transac- are used for tion. the issues, which On the cross Christ atoned for the sins of all people, contain extracts in that He made provision for their reconciliation to from the regular editions. God. That is what the word atonement (at-one-ment) means—"reconciliation." But the vicarious act that provided reconciliation for all people does not mean that all are thereby automatically saved irrespective of their own choice in the matter. Each sinner must "be- lieve" in Christ and "receive," or accept, the gift of salvation in order for that vicarious sacrifice to be ef- fective for him individually.' In order that men might have the opportunity of reconciliation, Christ commissioned His followers to

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1329) 33 proclaim the good news to all men everywhere, and He comes effective in individual lives, is fully as important became our High Priest in the heavenly sanctuary in a part of reconciling sinners to God as is His vicarious order to make the benefits of the cross effective in indi- sacrifice on the cross. vidual lives.8 This task accomplished, reconciliation New Testament writers describe Christ's atoning, or would be complete. Christ's continuing ministry, reconciling, work in the heavenly sanctuary as twofold whereby the atonement He provided at the cross be- in nature. When a repentant sinner confesses his sin and asks for forgiveness, Christ forgives and cleanses him.9 The cross made forgiveness possible, but forgiveness becomes a reality for each individual only by virtue of Christ's ministry in heaven. Christ not only forgives Special set price —$34.95 sins when they are confessed, He seeks also to purify Bible 879C —$19.95 the life and character. He "gave himself for us to re- deem us from all iniquity and to purify for himself a Matching people of his own who are zealous for good deeds." 10 Hymnal —$16.95 The writer of the book of Hebrews refers to these two aspects of Christ's priestly ministry when he invites us "Then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy [for sins already committed and confessed] and find grace to help in time of need," that is—as the context indicates—when we are prone to yield to temptation.11 The Pre-Advent Aspect of Judgment But the ministering of the benefits of the atonement is a work Christ has done ever since He ascended to heaven. It is not the special work Christ was to do after 1844. The pre-Advent investigative judgment has to do with the judging of character and the final disposition of sin. In the ancient sanctuary service a person found re- lease from his burden of sin by bringing a sacrificial of- fering and confessing his sin, the responsibility for which was then in figure transferred to the sanctuary. On the Day of Atonement all of the confessed sins of the people thus figuratively accumulated during the ritual year were removed from the sanctuary by trans- ferring them to the scapegoat.12 During the Day of Atonement ritual the people were to "afflict," or examine, their souls before the Lord, in view of the solemn work of atonement in progress. This was a day of judgment, inasmuch as any person Int duci g who neglected to "afflict" his soul and to observe the day in all solemnity was to be "cut off," or excluded, a m d-siz from the camp of Israel.13 In the analogy between the ministry of Christ in the sanctuary in heaven and that of Bible-hym al set the ancient sanctuary, the investigative judgment is the counterpart of the Day of Atonement, which deter- with special helps by mined eligibility to remain with, and to be included among, the chosen people. H. M. S. Richards Not understanding the full significance of the investi-

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34 (1330) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE gative judgment, fellow Christians of other faiths often REFERENCES take exception to it. For instance, the late Donald Grey SDA Encyclopedia, art., ° Matt. 28:19, 20; Heb. 10:21, 22. "Investigative Judgment." ° 1 John 1:9; Acts 3:19. Barnhouse, a former editor of Eternity magazine, spoke ° Acts 17:31; Rom. 2:5-8, R.S.V. Titus 2:14. Rev. 22:12. of this doctrine as "the most colossal, psychological, SDA Encyclopedia, art., Heb. 4:15, 16, R.S.V. face-saving phenomenon in religious history." "We "Investigative Judgment." " Lev. 16:21, 22. ° Matt. 25:31-46. .3 Lev. 23:29. personally do not believe," he said, "that there is even Matt. 13:24-30, 47-50; 22:2-14. " Eternity, Sept. 1956. a suspicion of a verse in Scripture to sustain such a John 1:12; Rom. 8:1. " 2 Peter 3:11, 12, R.S.V. peculiar position, and we further believe that any effort to establish it is stale, flat, and unprofitable." 14 Three Reasons for Negative Reaction There are, perhaps, three reasons for this negative reaction. First, is a basic misunderstanding of the fact that although the term itself does not occur in Scrip- Stories ture, the truth it represents is implicit and explicit in the Inspired Writings. Second, the concept that a per- son's way of life is important to his eternal salvation is offensive to those who believe that the entire process of to help atonement, or reconciliation, was completed on the cross, and who seem to be unaware of the plain Biblical teaching with respect to the work of Christ as our great High Priest, as an integral part of reconciliation, or atone- Pathfinders ment. As we have seen, this continuing ministry in heaven is an essential part of Christ's work of redemp- tion. along Third, and perhaps more to the point, is the Adventist concept that what we call the investigative judgment began in 1844 and is currently in progress, which clearly implies that Christ is soon to come back to this earth and the way that the end of this world as we know it is approaching. The investigative judgment, reflecting the clear teach- ings of Scripture regarding the ministry of Christ as our great High Priest in the heavenly sanctuary, and our re- lationship to Him in anticipation of His promised soon return, is an integral part of the judgment-hour message of Revelation 14. It thus clearly implies the soon coming of Christ. It implies, also, that our way of life here on earth is important to Him and to our personal prepara- tion for His coming. Accordingly, it behooves us to "afflict" our souls now, in the great antitypical day of atonement, and while probation's door stands ajar to face up to the important task of preparing to meet our Lord in peace at His appearing. The investigative judgment underscores the solemn words of Peter: "Since all these things are thus to be dissolved, what sort of persons ought you to be in lives of holiness and godliness, waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God, because of which the heavens will be kindled and dissolved, and the elements ❑ will melt with fire!" 15

THE HAPPY PATH, Lawrence Maxwell Price 52.95

Above, far left: C. E. Palmer retired as general manager in 1971 after 13 years in that position. His father, E. R. Palmer, was general manager from 1912 to 1931. Above, left: Stanford Hannum, in the photo-offset department, washes chemicals off a printing plate. Order from your local Adventist Book Center or Bottom left: Charles Byrd is one of the book-shipping department ABC Mailing Service, P.O. Box 31776, Omaha, Nebraska 68131. Please add 40 cents for postage for employees who fills book orders from around the world. Above: the first book and 15 cents for each additional di The Review Men's Chorus, directed by Merrill Dawson, sang in book. Add State sales tax where necessary. various places on the East Coast during the 1960's.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1331) 35 OP" \II \I \III•"141IP'-\IP" The shadow of Adam and Eve's failure in Eden had marred the picture of what being truly human really is; in fact, attempting to reconstruct the picture of what is Meet the Man Who truly human has been the goal of philosophers from earliest times. Some, for example, see it as the unre- strained enjoyment of physical desire, such as some see Makes Us Human personified in Hugh Hefner's Playboy Clubs. Many have been the visions of the truly human, each one telling part of the story, fulfilling part of the human need for Because Jesus was truly human, which we were created. But all of our attempts to spell out the truly human are blighted by that shadow that has there is nothing that we face fallen across our world since Eden. That is why Jesus is so important to the human fam- ily. By a cross He pried open Eden. By His life He that He has not faced. showed us what the shadow of sin had covered. If we are to answer that haunting question, "Jesus Christ, Who Are You?" we must begin with Him as a man—at the same point where the first Christians met Him and had to make their decision. They knew Him By HERBERT E. DOUGLASS as a man who was totally involved in their common hu- manity, not as a "reverse astronaut" who came to this IT IS MORE THAN interesting, more than a curious world from "out of the blue" merely to tell us that God cultural phenomenon, that Jesus has gained the notice was alive and well, that He was Creator and Judge, and of many of the world's youth during the past five years. that He loved us very much. In spite of their sacrilegious nature, Jesus Christ Super- We can send men (and for that matter, women) to the star and Godspell focus on this Palestinian, whom many moon, but they are still "earthmen"; they live within have written off during the past 50 years as a misguided spacesuits that keep them untouched by the real life zealot, or, at best, a religious genius. During the 1960's existing where they land. They live and eat, perform there was no clue that there would be a "Jesus move- normal acts common to created beings, yet they are ment" in the 1970's that would captivate the young, insulated from "life as it is" as they tramp around the transform the bookselling industry, and refocus the moon. attention of millions on this remarkable Man who seems No Protective Spacesuit never to get wholly lost on the pages of history. Who was this Man who could transform weather- Jesus was no "astronaut." As His early followers hardened, self-serving skeptics in occupied Palestine described Him (guided by His Spirit, whom He prom- 2,000 years ago into devoted followers who would live ised would help them to see, hear, and feel accurately or die for Him? when they wrote about Him), He became "flesh, and The chorus of "Jesus Christ Superstar" sings, dwelt among us" (John 1:14). There was no protective "Jesus Christ, Jesus Christ, spacesuit, either visible or invisible, separating Him Who are you? What have you sacrificed? from the kind of life lived by His contemporaries. Jesus Christ Superstar Ellen White described His total identification with Do you think you're what they say you are?" the human family on Planet Earth: "Jesus accepted hu- That question, "Jesus Christ, Who Are You?" hovers manity when the race had been weakened by four thou- above every person who seeks purpose in life, or who sand years of sin. Like every child of Adam He ac- tries to run from that inner voice that haunts with guilt. cepted the results of the working of the great law of We can tune Him out; we can salute Him, but not seri- heredity. What these results were is shown in the his- ously follow; we can "use" Him by claiming His par- tory of His earthly ancestors. He came with such a don, but not His power—whatever. But we cannot ig- heredity to share our sorrows and temptations, and to nore Him. He is always there like no other person who give us the example of a sinless life."—The Desire of has ever lived. Jesus the Man is the bench mark for Ages, p. 49. humanity. He has shown men and women what hu- Although He was born under the shadow of the Fall, manity is like at its best. taking humanity as any babe would find it 2,000 years ago, "with all its liabilities" (ibid., p. 117), He showed that men and women were not locked into a hopeless battle, that the shadow was not irrevocable, that sin was not inevitable, that God has always had a way out and up. He pulled the curtain back and showed us all how to be truly human, the way God had meant for men and women to live. The real Jesus was a real man. He got hungry, weary, and pressed by friends and foes, as all men and women do. He knew the routine of work and the price of com- petition. He knew that if He did not make a better hammer handle or yoke than the carpenter down the street He could not stay in business and continue to provide for His mother. He knew what slivers were and nicked knuckles. He was no sissy. Men were drawn to Him as were women; he enjoyed Martha and Mary as much as He did Lazarus. Rough fishermen, calloused soldiers, and Periodical subscription lists, printed by computer on rolls of labels grateful women appreciated His masculinity—but it was and stored in a revolving file, are kept up to date as post offices strength that could be gentle, as well as firm. and subscribers notify the Review of their change of address. In other words, Jesus did not settle for a partial pic-

36 (1332) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE ture of humanity—He was a whole man, truly man. He fied have all one origin. That is why he is not ashamed could have been a great national hero, doling out the to call them brethren. . . . Since therefore the children bread and fish to the millions that would have waved share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook the flag and sung His praise, but He did not settle for of the same nature. . . . For surely it is not with angels crass materialism with all its benefits. He could have that he is concerned but with the descendants of Abra- made a deal with Satan in exchange for all the kingdoms ham. Therefore he had to be made like his brethren in of the world, but He knew that a truly human being every respect, so that he might become a merciful and would not be satisfied with mere power or mere adula- tion. He could have been a flashy exhibit of a person who appeared to be especially blessed by God, one who could perform dazzling feats, fall from great heights and BRAND not be hurt, turn rocks into bread—a super saint. No, through all His temptations (and they were real), whether the tug came from without or from within, He demonstrated that the truly human person refuses to yield to the lust of the eye, the lust of the flesh, and the pride of life. When Adam and Eve yielded to these spurious sub- stitutes for human fulfillment the shadow fell on the RELEASES! truly human in Eden; ever since, whenever men and women succumb to these appeals to self-indulgence the shadow deepens. But Jesus permitted us to see what the truly human was—in the noonday sun. The question lingers, "Jesus Christ, Who Are You?" A superstar? An awesome teacher? A unique charis- matic personality? Jesus put this same question straight to His disciples: "But who do you say that I am?" And Peter shot back, deep with conviction, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God" (Matt. 16:15, 16, t• 1 R. S. V .). Those are spine-tingling words. Imagine eating and • 01° drinking, hiking and praying, with God! But they knew Him also to be man, truly man. God who became man! Incarnation! Why? The answer unfolds the plan of salvation. Paul wrote to the Philippians that Jesus, "though he was in the form of God, . . . emptied himself . . . , being born in the likeness of men. . . . Being found in human form" (Phil. 2:6-8, R.S.V.). The Secret of the Rapture, To the Romans, Paul noted our Lord's human lineage, Raymond Woolsey "descended from David according to the flesh" (Rom. The ''secret rapture" doctrine, in the 1:3, R.S.V.). fore today, leaves thinking Christians perplexed. Will Jesus' second coming Meeting Satan on Home Court be in two parts? Will the first phase be To the Hebrews, Paul emphasized that the Creator of secret and invisible? Do events in the the universe became man, truly man, in order to meet Middle East portend seven years of Satan on his home court. "In the days of his flesh, great tribulation? THE SECRET OF THE Jesus offered up prayers and supplications, with loud RAPTURE examines the doctrine in the cries and tears, to him who was able to save him from light of scriptural truth. death, and he was heard for his godly fear. Although he was a Son, he learned obedience through what he suf- 1914 and Christ's Second Coming, fered; and being made perfect he became the source of William MacCarty eternal salvation to all who obey him" (Heb. 5:7-9, An investigation of the significance of R. S. V . ). the year 1914 in Jehovah's Witnesses There it is—He became man so that from man's teachings, and an explanation of the point of view He could become "the source of eternal fallacy of the evidence offered for the salvation to all who obey him." Exchanging the form of theory. God for the form of man is not easily done; in fact, the consequences are eternal and irrevocable. Nevertheless, Only 60c each the love of God is so high and wide and deep that the Members of the Godhead considered an eternal sacri- Order from your Adventist Book Center fice worth the cost. or ABC Mailing Service, P.O. Box God became man in order to throw back the shadow that has fallen on every child of humanity since Eden. 31776, Omaha, Nebraska 68131. Add He became man, entering into the fullness of our hu- 25 cents postage for the first book and manity, including death, to help us to be fully human. 10 cents for each additional book. Add To be fully human means to be free from all that has State sales tax where necessary. dehumanized men and women since sin entered this Im I A Review and Herald Publication planet. He showed us what truly human would mean in I His own human experience, and how to achieve it. Paul developed this basic theme in his letter to the Hebrews: "He who sanctifies and those who are sancti-

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1333) 37 faithful high priest. . . . For because he himself has be an overcomer. In so doing He demonstrated the suffered and been tempted, he is able to help those who meaning of faith. He proved that men and women can are tempted" (Heb. 2:11-18, R.S.V.). be kept from sinning by faith in the power of God. In Only because Jesus became fully human, with all the other words, the temptations of Jesus were as real as liabilities common to everyone born under the shadow any man or woman has had to face—or they were not of man's fall (Gen. 3), can we learn the meaning of our temptations at all. humanity, see its terrible dehumanizing plunge, and In showing the world a life of obedience, Jesus said catch the hope of full recovery. No to any form of dehumanization. Sin subtracts from Jesus became the "captain" (K.J.V.) or "pioneer" man's humanity, self-serving dehumanizes and cuts (R.S.V.) of our salvation, because He was not playact- across the grain of God's will. Jesus demonstrated that ing when He became man. The Greek word, trans- the whole life, the good life, rejects all forms of de- lated as "captain," or "pioneer," could as easily be humanization. translated "pathfinder," the leader who breaks a trail Some important cosmic questions were settled when for the lost through the forest, or tramps out a path Jesus died on the cross. For thirty-three years He had through the howling blizzard. If He were not fully hu- unflinchingly faced up to every temptation that Satan man and did not meet the storm and trials of life as all could throw at Him, even the terror of apparent failure other men and women have had to, if He were more and death; yet He would not let anxiety, disappoint- truly God than truly man, then His supposedly human ment, or loneliness dehumanize Him. feats would be a sham and His performance playacting. Jesus had proved that Satan was wrong—God was not No one doubts whether God could keep from sin- asking too much from men and women, even 4,000 ning. If Jesus had advantages not available to "the de- years after the shadow of sin fell, when He asked for scendants of Abraham . . . his brethren," such as a their obedience. heavenly spacesuit that insulated Him from inheriting Soon, and it could be during the lifetime of those all the weaknesses common to humanity's heritage, He reading these lines, Jesus will perform one of His last would not have been a pathbreaker whom others could acts as our High Priest. He will announce to the uni- follow. He would not have been a believable example, verse those fateful words, "It is done." The final nor would He have been the Saviour that man needs. cosmic questions will then be answered, for Jesus will then have His people for whom He has been waiting, Left No Gaps people who prove that Jesus has not asked too much But Paul silences all these questions. Jesus indeed from His followers. Pointing to them with appropriate was fully human, truly man, stepping all the way down satisfaction, He declares: Here are "those who keep from heaven to earth, leaving no gaps: "For we have the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus" not a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our (Rev. 14:12, R.S.V.). weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been Do you hear Him calling you to join that group? tempted as we are, yet without sinning" (Heb. 4:15, There is a place for you. You have no problem for R. S. V . ). which He cannot provide a way out. You were made Because of His tremendous feat as the sinless human, to do things His way. Doing otherwise robs you the overcomer, the vanquisher of all satanic lies and of your true humanity. Let Him show you how to live power, all performed in the human flesh common to all a truly human life. Let Him give you the strength that humanity, Paul could boldly appeal to his readers: "Let He Himself received. He knows every heart-pain, every us then with confidence draw near to the throne of tear-burn, every junked dream; He knows every joy, grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help every pleasant occasion common to man; He can meas- in time of need" (verse 16, R.S.V.). ure it all. Paul had learned through personal experience that God Because He was truly human, there is nothing that can be trusted. Can God keep men and women from sin- He does not know about you. Because He was truly ning? Can Jesus exercise saving power, through the human, there is nothing that you have to face that He Holy Spirit, on the person who takes Him at His word, has not faced. Because He was truly human, you can be enabling him to live victoriously even as He did, through sure that he is "able to keep you from falling, and to the power of the Spirit? Do the words of the Bible merely present you faultless before the presence of his glory assert flowery platitudes or do they herald truly good with exceeding joy" (Jude 24). ❑ news that can be verified by life itself? The humanity of Jesus Christ is the towering answer to these central questions. He not only pulled back the curtain between heaven and earth and showed us what God is like but He also lifted the shadow that darkens the performance and hope of men and women, and showed us what being truly human is really like. His temptations were real temptations. He was not insulated from any of the subtle temptations that could befall a person with a free will. He proved that men and women should not excuse themselves by lamenting that their human situation is inevitably spring-loaded to sin. He did not pull some special rip cord that bailed Him out of His human trials. Much to the contrary, He had set aside for a time His divine prerogatives when He became truly human. "Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself." "I can of mine own self do nothing" (John 5:19, 30). There was nothing special or unique about His human nature that gave Him any advantage over "his brethren." Jesus cast Himself wholly upon the integrity, love, and power of our heavenly Father for the strength to

38 (1334) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE He vanquished sin, while through His death and resur- rection He conquered the grave. He did it all, the Bible says, for us. "Christ also suf- From SinnerSinner to Saint fered for us, . . . who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree" (1 Peter 2:21-24). "He was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for How simple, beautiful, and marvelous our iniquities. . . . The Lord hath laid on him the ini- quity of us all" (Isa. 53:5, 6). Ellen White underscores the same theme as she is the plan of redemption! When writes, "Christ was treated as we deserve, that we might be treated as He deserves. He was condemned we resolve to turn to the Lord, for our sins, in which He had no share, that we might be justified by His righteousness, in which we had no share. He suffered the death which was ours, that we He instantly accepts us. might receive the life which was His. 'With his stripes we are healed.' "—The Desire of Ages, p. 25. The benefits of Christ's perfect life and vicarious death God now offers to us as a gift. Freedom from the guilt of past sins and deliverance from eternal death are offered to us freely. "Whosoever will," the invitation By ROBERT W. OLSON reads, "let him take the water of life freely" (Rev. 22:17). Our response to the Holy Spirit's appeal is the NO MAN IS BORN WITH a halo around his head. most important act of our lives. When we respond Far from it. Every one of us has sinned and added to favorably and in faith take our first step toward the this earth's misery; every one of us is doomed to eternal Lord, in that very moment we are adopted into the death because of the fall of our first parents (Rom. 5: heavenly family, and our names are inscribed in the 12). But thank God, the story does not end there. "In Lamb's book of life. It's just that simple. Adam all die," the apostle writes, but he quickly adds, Imparted Righteousness "in Christ shall all be made alive" (1 Cor. 15:22). In Christ there is hope—hope for everyone. Everyone, Ellen White states, "God accepted them when they that is, who wants it and is willing to accept it on God's became weary of sin, and having lost their desire for worldly pleasures, resolved to seek God earnestly."— terms. What are God's terms? How can we receive the life Evangelism, p. 286. The key word is "resolved." When we and the hope that Christ offers us? In other words, how resolve to turn to the Lord, He instantly accepts us, does a sinner become a Christian? No one should be justifies us, and imputes His perfect life to us. In God's satisfied until he has found the answer to that question. sight we are considered pure, holy, and spotless, as we The Scriptures declare that we are not naturally good. stand clothed in the righteousness of Christ. "You are "I am carnal," Paul declares, "sold under sin. . . . In accepted before God just as if you had not sinned."— me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing" (Rom. Steps to Christ, p. 62. In theological terms we speak of 7:14-18). this experience as justification by faith. We begin, then, at absolute zero. We have no virtue When we accept Christ as our Lord and Saviour a whatsoever to offer our Maker. The first step in the way special relationship is formed between Him and us. Our of salvation is to recognize our state of utter hopeless- only safety is to keep this close fellowship unbroken. ness and helplessness apart from Jesus Christ. The "Abide in me," is Christ's appeal, "and I in you. . . . If second step is to believe that in Jesus our every need ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask can be met. "Descended from David 'according to the what ye will, and it shall be done unto you" (John 15: flesh" (Rom. 1:3, R.S.V.), Jesus developed a perfect 4-7). If our connection with Jesus were to be broken character, free from all sin and guile (1 Peter 2:22). As a the result would be spiritual death, and our Heaven-sent human being He died, but as the divine Author of life experience of justification by faith would all come to He broke the fetters of the tomb (John 2:19). By His life nothing. Mrs. White makes the same point when she states, "It is by continual surrender of the will, by continual obedience, that the blessing of justification is retained." —Selected Messages, book 1, p. 397. When a baby is born he has just begun his new life. Years of growth and development must follow in order for the child to achieve his true potential. It is the same with our Christian experience. Spiritual birth is to be followed by spiritual growth and the development of a Christlike character. Ellen G. White also emphasized the close relationship between what Christ has done for us and what He does in us: "Righteousness within is testified to by right- eousness without. He who is righteous within is not hard-hearted and unsympathetic, but day by day he grows into the image of Christ, going from strength to strength. He who is being sanctified by the truth will be self-controlled, and will follow in the footsteps of Christ until grace is lost in glory. The righteousness by Left: With the Review's current photo-typesetting system, keyboard which we are justified is imputed; the righteousness by operators make paper tapes, which are run through the Linotron 505, a photo-composer. Above: Since January of 1970, Stanborough which we are sanctified is imparted. The first is our Press, Limited, Alma Park, Grantham, England, has been an operat- title to heaven, the second is our fitness for heaven."— ing affiliate of the Review and Herald Publishing Association. Messages to Young People, p. 35.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1335) 39 "We are God's handiwork," the apostle maintains, strength. Without Christ's help "ye cannot do the things "created in Christ Jesus to devote ourselves to the that ye would" (Gal. 5:17). But with the help of Christ good deeds for which God has designed us" (Eph. 2: the impossible becomes possible. 10, N.E.B.). Elsewhere he admonishes us to "follow Ellen White writes in similar terms when she says, after righteousness" (1 Tim. 6:11) and "walk in newness "We can overcome. Yes; fully, entirely. Jesus died to of life. . . . That henceforth we should not serve sin" make a way of escape for us, that we might overcome (Rom. 6:4-6). "Let us cleanse ourselves from all filthi- every evil temper, every sin, every temptation, and sit ness of the flesh and spirit," he implores, "perfecting down at last with Him."—Testimonies, vol. 1, p. 144. holiness in the fear of God" (2 Cor. 7:1), even "bring- This, we are promised, will be the experience of the ing into captivity every thought to the obedience of righteous who live through the seven last plagues. "Not Christ" (chap. 10:5). even by a thought could our Saviour be brought to yield to the power of temptation. . . . This is the condi- Vindication of God's Character tion in which those must be found who shall stand in the We are told that "the honor of God, the honor of time of trouble."—The Great Controversy, p. 623. We Christ, is involved in the perfection of the character of are not promised release from the struggle with tempta- His people" (Our High Calling, p. 154). "Among an tion until the very day that Jesus comes back. On the unholy, impure, idolatrous generation, we are to be contrary, we have been warned that "so long as Satan pure and holy, showing that the grace of Christ has reigns, we shall have self to subdue, besetting sins to power to restore in man the divine likeness."—Cmin- overcome" (The Acts of the Apostles, p. 560). sels on Health, p. 592. With so much at stake—even the Nor are we to be discouraged if, on the way to Chris- honor of God Himself—how important it is that we tian maturity, there should be failure on our part at cooperate fully with the divine agencies. times. The injunction that we "sin not" is followed by For two important reasons the process of sanctifica- the reassuring promise "and, if any man sin, we have tion includes the exercise of a vigorous self-control over an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous" our bodies. First, "Your body is the temple of the Holy (1 John 2:1). Ghost . . . , which ye have of God, and ye are not your The same caution and comfort appear in the Spirit of own? . . . Therefore glorify God in your body" (1 Cor. Prophecy. Mrs. White states: "We shall often have to 6:19, 20). Second, "Indulgence in any unhealthful prac- bow down and weep at the feet of Jesus because of our tice makes it more difficult for one to discriminate shortcomings and mistakes, but we are not to be dis- between right and wrong, and hence more difficult to couraged. Even if we are overcome by the enemy, we resist evil."—The Ministry of Healing, p. 128. There- are not cast off, not forsaken and rejected of God."— fore, "the health should be as faithfully guarded as the Steps to Christ, p. 64. "Do all in your power to gain character" (Education, p. 195). These two factors perfection; but do not think that because you make form the basis of the Adventist message on health re- mistakes you are excluded from God's service."— form. Christians should care for their body as a re- Messages to Young People, p. 226. ligious duty. How simple, beautiful, and marvelous is the plan of The same principles that shape our decisions on redemption! The Lord forgives, justifies, and regener- points relating to our health will also govern every ates us when we first turn to Him. Then, as we yield our other aspect of our lives. Whether it be marriage, life- lives to His service, He patiently transforms us through work, literature, music, recreation, clothes, jewelry, the indwelling presence of His Holy Spirit. "The im- business relationships, money, television, church at- partation of the Spirit is the impartation of the life of tendance, Sabbathkeeping, driving habits, daily con- Christ."—Gospel Workers, p. 285. versation, or any of a thousand other things—all de- Day by day we reflect more and more fully the love, cisions will be made according to what we believe will purity, and holiness of our divine Lord. This is what He bring the greatest glory to God. Our transformation is to is so eager to do for us. "He made the infinite sacrifice, be total. The apostle's plea is "The very God of peace not only that sin might be removed, but that human na- sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit ture might be restored, rebeautified, reconstructed from and soul and body be preserved blameless unto the com- its ruins, and made fit for the presence of God."— ing of our Lord Jesus Christ" (1 Thess. 5:23). Testimonies, vol. 5, p. 537. Such an ideal is, of course, unattainable in one's own What a privilege! And what a challenge! ❑

Left: Many additions have been made to the Review and Herald building in Washington, D.C., through the years, including the four- story steel, concrete, and brick addition that gave the building its present facade in 1956. The most recent addition, on the back end of the building, was completed in 1973. Above: Charles Boyd, a Review employee for 33 years, works at the casing-in machine in the bindery on the new additional ground floor.

40 (1336) R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE •

• .4

Bring added reverence to your worship service

To complement your careful choice of hymns. Scripture so that the worshiper may meditate upon the thought and be reading and order of service: to put a dignified touch to the led to open the heart to receive God's choice blessings. perfection you ve sought for in the sanctuary. its furnishings the organ—you need the thoughtful inspirational assistance At a minimal cost of church bulletins from Southern Publishing Association. Whether your church is old or new, large or small, the best or with room for improvement. church bulletins from A complete service Southern Publishing Association will add beauty, dignity. Anticipating your needs throughout the year. we have and inspiration to your Sabbath service each week for about carefully selected some of the finest photography and 3c a member. artwork. Special occasions—seasonal. holidays. We'd like to send you a brochure Communion graduation. baptism—have also received particular attention. To get a preview of our entire 1976 selection in four color, simply write to Church Bulletin Service, PO Box 59, For a moment of meditation Nashville. Tennessee 37202 Or stop by your Adventist Church bulletins from SPA are more than just a pretty Book Center to see samples and place your order while you picture. Prayerful effort is put into every devotional caption are there. Make it a dailyhabit!

In many homes the morning worship period is brief. Yet worship should be one of the most meaningful times the family spends together. The daily devotional books for 1976 will help to make it so. "In Touch With God," by Edward Heppenstall (Senior Devotional) The theme is the explanation of Christ's atoning sacrifice and what it means to us individually. How Christ's death met the demands of the law, what our response must be, and how that response can be achieved. A thrilling revelation, a wonderful provision. Price $3.95 "Windows on God's World," by James Tucker (Youth Devotional) A new dimension has been added this year. The fascinating voice of nature is heard telling of God's wisdom found in flower and star, bird and beast, cloud and tree, concluding with brief spiritual lessons. Price $3.95

Order from your Adventist Book Center or ABC Mailing Service, P.O. Box 31776, Omaha, Nebraska 68131. ri Add 40 cents postage for the first book and 15 cents for each additional copy. Add State sales tax where necessary. We offer a few suggestions as to how for breakfast. The prayer following of worship to plan to ask a question you may use these books to help can include thanks for the food. pertaining to the reading, or to relate your family gain a greater blessing 3. Let members of the family take a portion that impressed them. from the worship period: turns reading, changing readers daily 6. With children in the family, you 1. For personal devotions, keep the or weekly. Similarly, let them take may wish to use the youth book for book by your bedside to be read first turns in praying aloud. 4. Have the family worship and the adult book thing in the morning. 2. Place near children read the key text from for personal devotions. You may the breakfast table and read to all another Bible version or paraphrase. choose to use one book in the morning the family when they have assembled 5. Ask the children at the beginning and the other book for evening worship. New Centennial Edition The one set of books most needed in every Adventist home ! Conflict of the Ages books by Ellen G.White

PATRIARCHS AND PROPHETS, PROPHETS AND KINGS, THE DESIRE OF AGES, THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES, THE GREAT CONTROVERSY

Only $19.95 for all 5 volumes (more than 3,700 pages of vital information).

Available at your Adventist Book Center. Mail milers may be addressed to ABC Mailing Service, 2621 Farnam St., Omaha, NB 68131. In Canada: ABC Mailing Service, 4826 11th St., N.E., Bay 12, Calgary, Alberta T2E 2W7. Add $1 per set to cover shipping costs. Add sales tax where applicable. Brought to you by Pacific Press. itealth meisir worth sharin written especially_ for your gigstAdven ist friends

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In contempsirary style, COME ALIVE! • emphasizing prevention as the • scientifically documenting all shows the way to healthful living by way to a healthful life-style information • examining the Adventist • listing in the appendix Sev- • considering the whole person approach to good health enth-day Adventist programs —physically, mentally, spiritually • usinweasy-to-understand that can be contacted Mr It's a message worth sharing. layman's language further help

The 1976 Missionary Book of the Year by Don Hawley, editor of LIFE AND HEALTH. $1.50 each or $5 for a pack of four (Outside North America the 'ince is $1.50 each.)

Order from your local Adventist Book ( enter or AB( Mailing Servit P.O. Box 31776, Omaha, Nebraska 68131. Please add 40 cents for postage for the first honk, and IS c ents for each additional book.

-mumpr•-•aupp,--qupp.--iumpw•-"iwr,""11111111P—.11111I-.11111I`.11111111w -'611PIP-'111111P"' \PPP"' -ger- -gip High Lights of Adventist History 1939 to 1975

In a 72-page special issue of the REVIEW American Temperance Society and In- 1956 Francis D. Nichol died. Kenneth H. Wood dated December 29, 1938, commemorating ternational Temperance Association elected editor of the REVIEW. the seventy-fifth anniversary of the organi- organized. It Is Written telecast begun. zation of the church, a list of significant Middle East Press established in Beirut, SAWS (SDA Welfare Service, Inc.) estab- 1967 events connected with the Advent Move- Lebanon. lished. (Name later changed to SDA World ment was published. The list covered the Monthly World Edition of the REVIEW Service.) Kettering College of Medical Arts estab- period 1831 to 1938. The following list begins begun (continued until 1953). Signs of the Times Publishing Association lished at Kettering, Ohio. where the previous one ended. Gilbert and Ellice Islands entered. begins operation on Taiwan. Southwestern Junior College becomes a New York Center for evangelism opened. senior college, Southwestern Union Col- 1939 1948 MV Voice of Youth evangelism initiated. lege. Chad entered. Listen Middle East College established in Beirut, magazine begun by Temperance 1957 Lebanon.' Department. 1968 First Bible correspondence school, con- Youngberg Memorial Hospital opened in Final volume of the seven-volume ducted from Williamsport, Pennsylvania, Singapore. Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary First Annual Council outside the United by Dallas Youngs with lessons by J. L. Bugema Adventist College founded in published. States held in Toronto, Canada. Shuler. Uganda. Potomac University founded at Takoma Adventist Volunteer Service Corps ini- Journal of True Education begins publi- Austrian Publishing House established. Park, Washington, D.C. tiated. cation. Laos, Nepal, and Dahomey entered. First SDA archeological expedition, Vietnam Adventist Publishing House 1949 Publication of Primary Treasure begun. sponsored by Andrews University, at established in Saigon. North York Branson Hospital established Heshbon, Jordan. Mountain View College established in in Ontario, Canada. 1940 Bukidnon, Philippines. First SDA college radio station begins 1969 Togoba Hansenide Colony opened in operation at Washington Missionary Col- First World Youth Congress, Zurich, World membership passes 500,000. Papua New Guinea. lege (Columbia Union College). Switzerland, attracts 12,000 delegates. Bangkok Sanitarium and Hospital estab- Kinsaung Press founded in Rangoon, Battle Creek Sanitarium returns to lished in Thailand.. Burma. Rarama Publishing House begun in Suva, Seventh-day Adventist control as a self- Fiji. War Service Commission revived; Med- supporting institution. 1950 ical Cadet program trains 12,000 young Geoscience Research Institute organized. men. 1970 Faith for Today TV program inaugurated Netherlands Publishing House estab- 1958 World membership passes 2 million. lished in The Hague. over a seven-station network in the U.S. Forty-sixth session of the General Con- Fifty-first session of the General Confer- Forty-eighth session of the General Con- ence, Atlantic City, New Jersey. 1941 ference, San Francisco, California. William ference, Cleveland, Ohio. H. Branson elected president. Afro-Mideast Division organized. Forty-fourth session of the General Con- Pathfinder program organized by MV Insight magazine replaces The Youth's 1959 ference, San Francisco, California. J. L. Pepartment. Instructor. Lakpahana Press of Seventh-day Advent- McElhaney re-elected president. First National Medical Cadet Corps camp Five-Day Plan to Stop Smoking initiated. ists established in Sri Lanka. Church Hymnal replaces Christ in Song. in U.S., Beulah, Colorado. Student missionary program inaugurated Bandung Adventist Hospital opened, at Washington Missionary College (Colum- 1971 1942 Java, Indonesia. bia Union College). First Institute of Scientific Studies for the Adventist College of West Africa estab- The Voice of Prophecy goes coast-to- Second Hongkong Adventist Hospital Prevention of Alcoholism, Loma Linda, lished in Nigeria. opens, bringing number of SDA hospitals coast on 89 stations in the United States. California. Times Square Center for Jewish evangel- Montemorelos Vocational and Pro- worldwide to 140. ism opened in New York. Monthly Edition of the fessional College established in Mexico. Review revived 1951 (published in England; transferred to 1960 Washington 1975). 1943 Middle East Division organized, com- Adventist work enters Afghanistan and Spanish and Portuguese Voice of Proph- prising East Mediterranean and Nile Union Potomac University moved to Berrien Upper Volta. ecy broadcasts begun in Central and South Missions. Springs, Michigan; joins Emmanuel Mis- Adventist World Radio begins operation America. First North American Division Laymen's sionary College to become Andrews Uni- from Portugal. Northeast Brazil College established in Congress, Grand Ledge, Michigan. versity. Euro-Africa Division organized. Pernambuco. Paris Youth Congress. Seventh-day Adventist Bible Dictionary Go magazine, MV Program Kit, and Ad- SDA Radio, Television, and Film Center published. ventist Home and School magazine begin established in Thousand Oaks, California. 1944 Workers enter Equatorial Guinea and publication. North American Division Board of Higher Central African Republic. Oakwood Junior College attains senior Harris Pine Mills given to General Con- Education initiated. college status. Qasid Publishing House founded in La- ference. 1961 SDA work established in American Maluti Adventist Hospital established in hore, Pakistan; world total now 50. Samoa. Lesotho, South Africa. Muehlenrahmede Sanitarium opened in Adventist Hospital opened in Ile-Ife, Westfalen, Germany. 1972 Nigeria. 1952 Francis M. Wilcox retires after 33 years First Annual Council held outside North 1962 American Division in Mexico City. as editor of the REVIEW, and William A. Voice of Prophecy begun in Japanese over Work begun in Congo (Brazzaville). Spicer acts as editor for six months. Radio Tokyo. Loma Linda University established. Senegal entered. Forty-ninth session of the General Con- 1945 Spanish Publishing House begins opera- ference, San Francisco, California. 1973 tion in Madrid, Spain. First black Regional conferences organ- Shawnee Mission Medical Center Annual baptismal total exceeds 200,000. ized in the United States. founded in Kansas. Sabbath school membership passes the 1953 Desmond Doss becomes first conscien- Seventh-day Adventist Source Book pub- 3 million mark. tious objector to receive the U. S. Congres- lished. Publication of the first volume of The Gambia entered. sional Medal of Honor. Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary. Enrollment in colleges and academies Work begun in Turks and Caicos Islands. 1963 Evangelistic work begun in Greenland passes 100,000; total SDA school enrollment Francis D. Nichol becomes editor of the and the Sudan. exceeds 400,000. REVIEW. Loma Linda heart team visits Pakistan. School of Dentistry begun at Loma Linda, Publishing houses established in Mo- Revista Adventista, Spanish edition of California. monthly REVIEW begins publication in Ar- 1946 zambique and Thailand. New Gallery Centre for evangelism gentina for South America. Total literature evangelists worldwide Forty-fifth session of the General Con- opened in London. 1964 ference, Washington, D.C. First issue of Junior Guide published exceeds 5,000. Pine Forge Institute opened in Pennsyl- (renamed Guide in 1964). World membership reaches one and one- vania as first black boarding academy in Pan-American Youth Congress, San half million. 1974 Francisco, California. First denominationally owned mission air- United States. World membership reaches more than Antillian College established in Puerto Hatzefeldhaven Rural Health Centre plane put into service in Peru. From this founded on Papua New Guinea. small beginning the idea grew, until at the 2.5 million; church buildings owned, 15,- Rico. 000; annual tithe received, $211 million. North American Informant for blacks end of 1974 the church owned 17 planes in 1954 North America and 35 overseas. Breath of Life telecast for blacks in North begins publication. America begins. Montemorelos Hospital and Sanitarium First Hongkong Medical Center opened. Forty-seventh session of the General Con- Ellen G. White Research Center opens in established in Mexico. Kettering Medical Center established in ference, San Francisco, California. Reuben England. SDA work begins in Cayenne, Ivory Coast, Ohio. R. Figuhr elected president. Church working in 520 languages; pub- and Syria. Equatorial African Publishing House 1965 lishing in 175; more than $74 million in liter- established in Cameroon. ature sold in one year. 1947 First- anti-tobacco film, One in 20,000, Malamulo Publishing House begins op- Revista Adventista, monthly REVIEW in Association of SDA Self-Supporting produced. eration in Malawi. Spanish, published at Pacific Press, for Institutions organized. Publishing Association of the German Mount Klabat College established in In- North American and Inter-American divi- donesia. First North American Youth Congress Democratic Republic Union Conference sions. Quarterly Braille edition of the REVIEW held, San Francisco, California. begins operation. Number of colleges and academies begun. reaches 479; elementary school enrollment 1955 Simi Valley Adventist Hospital opened in exceeds 325,000. California. Guinea Bissau entered, bringing total of World membership passes one million; countries entered to 193. Besides the senior colleges included $104 million given to missions through the 1966 in this list, 130 four-year secondary schools Sabbath school to date. 1975 or junior colleges have been established Saigon Adventist Hospital begins opera- Fiftieth session of the General Confer- since 1938. tion in Vietnam; Taiwan Sanitarium and ence, Detroit, Michigan. Robert H. Pierson Fifty-second session of the General Con- . In addition to the 14 major hospitals in- Hospital established in Taipei, Taiwan. elected president. ference, Vienna, Austria—first session out- cluded in this list, 103 other hospitals were Chapel Records becomes a division of Seventh-day Adventist Encyclopedia side the United States. opened during the period 1939-1975, in Pacific Press. published. REVIEW monthly in English published in addition to numerous dispensaries, clinics, Publishing houses founded in Angola and Belgian-Dutch Publishing House founded a special edition for the Inter-American Di- old people's homes, and orphanages. Ethiopia. at Brussels. vision.

R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1341) 45 How to cookWestern style without cholesterol or animal fat. Use Loma LindaVita•Burger. Appetizing!

••• • ••

BARBECUED Another easy way VITA —BURGER PATTIES to serve Loma Linda foods — all vegetable The New Vegetarian Cookbook from Loma Linda 1 cup Loma Linda Vita-Burger featuring calorie control as well as general cookery. 1/2 cup barbecue sauce protein, contains no Y. cup onion, chopped meat, no cholesterol, 2 eggs 2 tablespoons flour no animal fat. 1 tablespoon vegetable oil It's tomorrow' Name • • Dilute barbecue sauce with water to f o Address equal 1 cup. Heat to boiling. Add Vita-Burger. Stir and allow to stand P 15 minutes. Mix with remaining ingredients. Fry in patties (makes six otomactinda patties using % cup of mixture each). No of copies _@ $2.95 plus $ .50 each for handling Serve with toasted hamburger buns - vt•ftiftk, CA 92808 with all the trimmings. Quality Foods since 1906 Send your order and check to Total enclosed Loma Linda Foods, Dept. R, 11503 Pierce St., Riverside, CA 92205 •- -map- -'11111P-'41111P'-'11111F-41111.-`411P"" -.1111111. - ',NIP" -"RIP" "'RIP' 'MOP" "MP.' ''',111."-NIIIP•-4111Pr' -",1111."-•

Our Contributors Credits sity Press 1970. Reprinted by per- mission. Godfrey T. Anderson, Ph.D., Texts in this issue credited to Cover photo, Don Satterlee; (p. 8) is research professor of N.E.B. are from The New English back cover, Gert Busch, designer, Review American history at Loma Linda Bible. © The Delegates of the Harry Anderson, artist; all other University, Loma Linda, Califor- Oxford University Press and the photographs are from the Review nia. Syndics of the Cambridge Univer- and Herald art library. (Oh)441,. Aileen Andres (p. 4) is an edi- torial assistant of the REVIEW ..)1-k+il-W4W ' `,4W UTIRMUniaganZ W \TALAY_M SoIMM-0,_ SI'lllei 1.,-,114! Advent Review & Sabbath Herald AND HERALD. • (C: 125th Year of Continuous Publication C. D. Brooks (p. 28) is a general 2 4 field secretary of the General ' "Fear Not, Little Flock" EDITOR 4 Kenneth H. Wood Conference. 1344 4- • By ANNIE R. SMITH ASSOCIATE EDITORS Raymond F. Cottrell (p. 33) is • Herbert E. Douglass, Don F. Neufeld book editor of the Review and ASSISTANT TO THE EDITOR Herald Publishing Association. .! 4 Eugene F. Durand He was an associate editor of the ADMINISTRATIVE SECRETARY • (Published September 16, 1851, the first of Annie Smith's poems REVIEW AND HERALD Corinne Russ from 1957 • to appear in the Review and Herald. It brought her writing talents f': EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS to 1967. Another R. F. Cottrell, • to the attention of James White, who hired her to do proofreading • Aileen Andres, Jocelyn Fay Roswell, Elder Cottrell's grand- • and copy editing. She was a Review and Herald staff member 4' EDITORIAL SECRETARIES father, read the REVIEW AND • from 1851 until her death in 1855.) I- Pat Hill, Idamae Melendy HERALD some time about 1851, 4..4 • ART compared its message with the Fear not, little flock, ‘4. Designer, G. W. Busch . Adviser, Elf red Lee Scriptures, and was led to join For Christ is our Rock; 4. • c.1 CONSULTING EDITORS the developing group of Seventh- The promise stands sure. Robert H. Pierson, W. Duncan Eva, W. J. day Adventists. He immediately The kingdom He'll give, to the same that endure. Hackett, C. D. Henri, Alf Lohne, M. S. t Nigri, G. Ralph Thompson, Francis W. began to contribute his talents as • Wemick, Neal C. Wilson a writer and poet to the church, • • The armor gird on; 4- SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS and his name can be found in • • C. 0. Franz, K. H. Emmerson, R. R. Figuhr, many early issues of the REVIEW. Till victory is won B. L. Archbold, W. T. Clark, R. R. Frame, • .D R. S. Lowry, Edwin Ludescher, M. L. Mills, Herbert E. Douglass, Th.D., Let us manfully fight. Enoch Oliveira, W. R. L. Scragg, C. D. (p. 36) is an associate editor of The Millennial Morn, soon will end Time's dark night. Watson 1 the REVIEW AND HERALD. 4 EDITORS, SPANISH EDITIONS North America, Fernando Chaij Eugene Durand (p. 22) is assist- The Truth will prevail, South America, Gaston Clouzet ant to the editor of the REVIEW Inter-America. Wanda Sample (Its beamings we hail) AND HERALD. 4. CORRESPONDENTS, WORLD DIVISIONS And it's mighty in power; 4- Afro-Mideast, C. D. Watson; Jocelyn Fay (p. 5) is an editorial 4 It will shield us from harm, in the dark trying hour. 4- Australasian, Robert H. Parr; M. G. Town- assistant of the REVIEW AND • end; Euro-Africa, E. E. White; Far HERALD. Eastern, Jane Allen; Inter-American, The Sabbath we love— • Melodic A. Hall; Northern Europe- West R. R. Figuhr (p. 6), now retired, • Africa, Paul Sundquist; South American, was General Conference presi- Sacred Law from above— Artur S. Valle; Southern Asia, A. M. • Peterson; Trans-Africa dent from 1954 to 1966. It was hallowed and bless'd, • CORRESPONDENTS, NORTH AMERICA Desmond Ford, Ph.D., (p. 30) A token, a seal, for our heavenly rest. UNIONS is chairman of the Bible depart- • Atlantic, Geraldine I. Grout; Canadian, ment of Avondale College, Coo- A. N. How; Central, Clara Anderson; Ye saints, one and all, +,.. - Columbia, Charles R. Beeler; Lake, • ranbong, New South Wales, Aus- North Pacific, Cecil Coffey; Northern, L. H. 0 heed the loud call; tralia. Netteburg; Pacific, Shirley Burton; Southern, With the last message given • Oscar L. Heinrich; Southwestern. J. N. Charles B. Hirsch, Ph.D., (p. Morgan. 12) is education director of the The remnant are sealed, 'tis their passport to Heaven. 4!,) UNIVERSITIES Columbia Union Conference. Andrews, Opal Young; Loma Linda, • Richard Weismeyer Gary Land, Ph.D., (p. 13) is as- Tho' the tempest loud rave, sistant professor of history at And high swell the wave, • CIRCULATION Andrews University, Berrien 2 MANAGER, Edmund M. Peterson Let us never give o'er; FIELD REPRESENTATIVE, Joel Hass Springs, Michigan. For the Ark will land safe, on fair Canaan's shore. ,..4 Jannith Lewis (p. 16) is librar- . '• SUBSCRIPTIONS -0 USSI5.95. Single copy 45 cents. Price may ian at Oakwood College, Hunts- • vary where national currencies are different. Then with rapture untold 1 ville, Alabama. 4- Address all correspondence concerning • Our eyes shall behold • subscriptions to the Manager, Periodical Don F. Neufeld (p. 25) is an -+ Department, Review and Herald Publishing • Our glorious King. • Association, 6856 Eastern Avenue NW., associate editor of the REVIEW 4- Washington, D.C. 20012, U.S.A. AND HERALD. • On bright golden harps, the "New Song" we shall sing. 4 Monthly editions in English and Spanish Robert W. Olson, Ph.D., (p. t 4 and a quarterly edition in Braille are avail- 4 able. For information write to the 39) is associate secretary of the • They will that City view 4- Manager, Periodical Department. • Ellen G. White Estate. His "commandments that do," 4-4 Robert H. Pierson (p. 6) is • With the angels of light 4-4 TO CONTRIBUTORS president of the General Confer- Send news stories and pictures, articles, "To the tree and the fountain of life have a right." 4-4 and letters to the editor. Unsolicited ence. 4 manuscripts are welcome, but will be ac- Emmett K. VandeVere, Ph.D., cepted without remuneration and will be Hallelujahs we'll raise, returned only if accompanied by a stamped, (p. 10) is professor emeritus of -+ self-addressed envelope. history at Andrews University, -41)praOur Redeemer to ise 4-1 An index is published in the last Review Berrien Springs, Michigan. With the pure and the blest, • of June and December. The Review is indexed also in the Seventh-day Adventist Arthur L. White (p. 20), grand- t In the Eden of Love be forever at rest. • Periodical Index. 1I ' son of James White, is secretary I. ' - of the Ellen G. White Estate. rltil i ii TI I - 711i. -41 -1 is -reiVii 44f iiiiritariistiaTiffirmt7ifftiffiiiiTiiit(TA iiil 7iitiii C November 13, 1975 R&H, ANNIVERSARY ISSUE (1343) 47 hr Acturrt O v01) icaL tit REVIEW...HERALD

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"You must begin to print a little paper and send it out to the people. . . . It was shown to me to be like streams of light that went clear round the world."—Life Sketches, p. 125.

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