5 Steps Into the Future SPECIAL ISSUE DEDICATED ISSUE SPECIAL of ANNIVERSARY 5TH the to SCIENCE of INSTITUTE SKOLKOVO the (SKOLTECH) TECHNOLOGY and 2017
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Ins#Tute for Advanced Computa#Onal Science
Instute for Advanced Computaonal Science Robert J. Harrison, Director [email protected] 1 What is IACS? • A muldisciplinary instute with a focus on computaonal and data science • $20M endowment to support 3 endowed chairs and operaons (~$13M) • 12 core faculty, 32 affiliate faculty, 100+ students with plans to grow to 16+ core and 150+ students • Newly renovated space – ~6000 sq. ., 17 faculty offices, 45 students • Vision and mission to excel, lead and serve • Educaon and research without walls 2 IACS Organizaonal Chart Vision Our vision is to be an internaonally recognized center in data and computaonal science, having vibrant muldisciplinary research and educaon programs, with broad leadership and benefit across Stony Brook and SUNY, and with demonstrated economic benefit to New York State. 4 IACS Faculty and Community Community • Benefing from our instuonal Community and intellectual leadership, educaon and training, shared resources, and online materials Affiliated Affiliated faculty & students • Collaborators and strategic partners • Have full access to IACS resources and student awards/fellowships Core faculty and students Core • Faculty have 50% appointment in IACS with MOU • Fundamentals and applicaons of computaonal science 5 IACS Core Faculty - I • Alan Calder (astro. phys.) Deputy Director • Barbara Chapman (comp.sci.) • Rezaul Chowdhury (comp. sci.) • Marivi Fernández-Serra (cond. ma.) 6 IACS Core Faculty - II • Robert J. Harrison (chemistry) Director • Predrag KrsBć • Xiangmin Jiao (app. math.) • Marat Khairoutdinov (atmos. sci.) 7 IACS Core Faculty - III • Artem Oganov (materials) • Ma Reuter (math/chem. phys.) • Arnout van de Rijt (sociology) 8 IACS Research Themes Numerics and algorithms: Numerics and Jiao, Chowdhury, Harrison, (all) algorithms Materials and chemistry by design: Producvity Materials and Fernández-Serra, Oganov, KrsBć, and chemistry by Harrison, Reuter performance design Interdisciplinary faculty in Social sciences and humanies: foundaons and van de Rijt (and affiliates) applicaons of computaonal science Physical, env. -
Arithmetic Equivalence and Isospectrality
ARITHMETIC EQUIVALENCE AND ISOSPECTRALITY ANDREW V.SUTHERLAND ABSTRACT. In these lecture notes we give an introduction to the theory of arithmetic equivalence, a notion originally introduced in a number theoretic setting to refer to number fields with the same zeta function. Gassmann established a direct relationship between arithmetic equivalence and a purely group theoretic notion of equivalence that has since been exploited in several other areas of mathematics, most notably in the spectral theory of Riemannian manifolds by Sunada. We will explicate these results and discuss some applications and generalizations. 1. AN INTRODUCTION TO ARITHMETIC EQUIVALENCE AND ISOSPECTRALITY Let K be a number field (a finite extension of Q), and let OK be its ring of integers (the integral closure of Z in K). The Dedekind zeta function of K is defined by the Dirichlet series X s Y s 1 ζK (s) := N(I)− = (1 N(p)− )− I OK p − ⊆ where the sum ranges over nonzero OK -ideals, the product ranges over nonzero prime ideals, and N(I) := [OK : I] is the absolute norm. For K = Q the Dedekind zeta function ζQ(s) is simply the : P s Riemann zeta function ζ(s) = n 1 n− . As with the Riemann zeta function, the Dirichlet series (and corresponding Euler product) defining≥ the Dedekind zeta function converges absolutely and uniformly to a nonzero holomorphic function on Re(s) > 1, and ζK (s) extends to a meromorphic function on C and satisfies a functional equation, as shown by Hecke [25]. The Dedekind zeta function encodes many features of the number field K: it has a simple pole at s = 1 whose residue is intimately related to several invariants of K, including its class number, and as with the Riemann zeta function, the zeros of ζK (s) are intimately related to the distribution of prime ideals in OK . -
X-Ray Diffraction & Elemental Analysis Welcome
X-ray Diff raction & Elemental Analysis Featured Rigaku Journal Article 2 Welcome X-ray thin-fi lm measurement techniques VII. (Pole fi gure All of us who put The Bridge together wish our readers a happy holiday period as we end measurement) one year and begin another. In 2014 we will be adding some interesting new features to The Bridge that should be useful from a training and educational perspective. The AZX400 Sequential 2 This particular issue has a number of articles concerning thin fi lms, both their production WDXRF Spectrometer and their properties. The use of thin fi lms continues to play a big part in the advancement AZX400 Application Report of new materials and The Bridge is committed to highlighting areas involving thin fi lm Analysis of MTJ structures technology in our overall mission of keeping abreast of advances in materials analysis. Featured Application Note 3 Enjoy the newsletter. Chemical Bath for Copper Foil Surface Treatment A bridge is often used to symbolize a connection or link between two places, and thus we felt The Bridge would be the perfect name for our eNewsletter, as we hope that it will act Rigaku Conferences 4 as a vehicle for the transmission of ideas and information between Rigaku and interested readers around the world. Supermini200 Spectrometer 5 BioSAXS-1000 6 Customer in the Spotlight 6 The fi rst BioSAXS-1000, The University of Texas Medical And a bridge is a two-way Branch at Galveston, UTMB structure, a concept that we will keep in mind as we not The Adventures of Captain Nano 7 only provide information about Rigaku, but also report Scientifi c Book Review 8 on interesting research and the associated laboratories Training Classes 9 around the world, publish technical book reviews that might help our readers in Recent Scientifi c 10 Papers of Interest their work, and highlight general news topics that are of interest to many Material Analysis in the News 11 people involved in materials analysis. -
Title: Unexpected Stable Stoichiometries of Sodium Chlorides
Title: Unexpected stable stoichiometries of sodium chlorides Authors: Weiwei Zhang1, 2, *, Artem R. Oganov2, 3, 4*, Alexander F. Goncharov5,6, Qiang Zhu2, Salah Eddine Boulfelfel2, Andriy O. Lyakhov2, Elissaios Stavrou5, Maddury Somayazulu5, Vitali B. Prakapenka7, Zuzana Konôpková8 Affiliations: 1 Department of Applied Physics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100080, China. 2Department of Geosciences, Center for Materials by Design, and Institute for Advanced Computational Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, U.S.A. 3Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny city, Moscow Region, 141700, Russia 4School of Materials Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an,710072, China 5Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, D.C. 20015, U.S.A. 6Center for Energy Matter in Extreme Environments and Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanghu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China 7Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, U.S.A. 8Photon Science DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]. Abstract: Sodium chloride (NaCl), or rocksalt, is well characterized at ambient pressure. Due to the large electronegativity difference between Na and Cl atoms, it has highly ionic chemical bonding, with stoichiometry 1:1 dictated by charge balance, and B1-type crystal structure. Here, by combining theoretical predictions and diamond anvil cell experiments we show that new materials with different stoichiometries emerge at pressure as low as 20 GPa. Compounds such us Na3Cl, Na2Cl, Na3Cl2, NaCl3 and NaCl7 are theoretically stable and have unusual bonding and electronic properties. -
'Forbidden' Chemistry 11 February 2016
Scientists gain insights into 'forbidden' chemistry 11 February 2016 "We showed how the insights gained in the present study can be used to rationalize the stability of recently discovered high-pressure compounds," say the authors in their paper. In a previous experiment, Oganov and his colleagues discovered several 'forbidden' compounds- Na3Cl, NaCl3, NaCl7,and even Na3Cl2. These compounds are only stable under extreme pressure (approximately 200,000 atmospheres) and they decompose under normal conditions on Earth. However, understanding how new compounds become stable under high pressure is of utmost importance for planetary science. The structures of 'textbook' NaCl (left) and 'forbidden' A3Y (A=Li, Na, K; Y= Cl, Br) (right) are shown. Credit: The principle that explains the unusual ratio of Na MIPT press office and Cl atoms in 'forbidden' compounds is that the number of interactions between Na and Cl atoms increases while interactions between sodium atoms break down. Gabriele Saleh, a research fellow at MIPT, and Prof. Artem Oganov, a Laboratory Supervisor at The interactions between neighbouring atoms in a MIPT and Professor at the Skolkovo Institute of crystal are responsible for the structure and Science and Technology (Skoltech), have properties of the crystal (remember carbon and discovered what causes the stability of various graphite). compounds that are not commonly found in 'textbook' chemistry. Upon formation of these 'forbidden compounds', new Na-Cl interactions are formed at the expenses The reorganisation of the chemical interactions of Na-Na metallic bonds. The competition between results in the stability of the 'new' structure of the these two bonding types, influenced by pressure, compounds. -
Annual Report
KENNAN INSTITUTE Annual Report October 1, 2002–September 30, 2003 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, D.C. 20004-3027 www.wilsoncenter.org KENNAN INSTITUTE Kennan Institute Annual Report October 1, 2002–September 30, 2003 Kennan Institute Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Kennan Moscow Project One Woodrow Wilson Plaza Galina Levina, Alumni Coordinator 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Ekaterina Alekseeva, Project Manager Washington,DC 20004-3027 Irina Petrova, Office Manager Pavel Korolev, Project Officer (Tel.) 202-691-4100;(Fax) 202-691-4247 www.wilsoncenter.org/kennan Kennan Kyiv Project Yaroslav Pylynskyj, Project Manager Kennan Institute Staff Nataliya Samozvanova, Office Manager Blair A. Ruble, Director Nancy Popson, Deputy Director Research Interns 2002-2003 Margaret Paxson, Senior Associate Anita Ackermann, Jeffrey Barnett, Joseph Bould, Jamey Burho, Bram F.Joseph Dresen, Program Associate Caplan, Sapna Desai, Cristen Duncan, Adam Fuss, Anton Ghosh, Jennifer Giglio, Program Associate Andrew Hay,Chris Hrabe, Olga Levitsky,Edward Marshall, Peter Atiq Sarwari, Program Associate Mattocks, Jamie Merriman, Janet Mikhlin, Curtis Murphy,Mikhail Muhitdin Ahunhodjaev, Financial Management Specialist Osipov,Anna Nikolaevsky,Elyssa Palmer, Irina Papkov, Mark Polyak, Edita Krunkaityte, Program Assistant Rachel Roseberry,Assel Rustemova, David Salvo, Scott Shrum, Erin Trouth, Program Assistant Gregory Shtraks, Maria Sonevytsky,Erin Trouth, Gianfranco Varona, Claudia Roberts, Secretary Kimberly Zenz,Viktor Zikas Also employed at the Kennan Institute during the 2002-03 In honor of the city’s 300th anniversary, all photographs in this report program year: were taken in St. Petersburg, Russia.The photographs were provided by Jodi Koehn-Pike, Program Associate William Craft Brumfield and Vladimir Semenov. -
Program of the Sessions Washington, District of Columbia, January 5–8, 2009
Program of the Sessions Washington, District of Columbia, January 5–8, 2009 MAA Short Course on Data Mining and New Saturday, January 3 Trends in Teaching Statistics (Part I) 8:00 AM –4:00PM Delaware Suite A, Lobby Level, Marriott Organizer: Richard D. De Veaux, Williams College AMS Short Course on Quantum Computation 8:00AM Registration and Quantum Information (Part I) 9:00AM Math is music—statistics is literature. (5) What are the challenges of teaching 8:00 AM –5:00PM Virginia Suite A, statistics, and why is it different from Lobby Level, Marriott mathematics? Richard D. De Veaux, Williams College Organizer: Samuel J. Lomonaco, 10:30AM Break. University of Maryland Baltimore County 10:45AM What does the introductory course look (6) like in 2009? How technology has 8:00AM Registration. changed what we do in introductory 9:00AM A Rosetta Stone for quantum computing. statistics for the non-math/science (1) Samuel Lomonaco,Universityof student. Maryland Baltimore County Richard D. De Veaux, Williams College 10:15AM Break. 1:00PM What does the math-based introductory (7) course look like in 2009? How do 10:45AM Quantum algorithms. we merge mathematical concepts (2) Peter Shor, Massachusetts Institute of into the introductory course for the Technology math/science student? How does 2:00PM Concentration of measure effects in statistical programming fit in? (3) quantum information. Richard D. De Veaux, Williams College Patrick Hayden, McGill University 2:30PM Break. 3:15PM Break. 2:45PM Introduction to Modeling. Regression and 3:45PM Quantum error correction and fault (8) ANOVA. Overview: How much to teach (4) tolerance. -
Milnor's Problem on the Growth of Groups And
Milnor’s Problem on the Growth of Groups and its Consequences R. Grigorchuk REPORT No. 6, 2011/2012, spring ISSN 1103-467X ISRN IML-R- -6-11/12- -SE+spring MILNOR’S PROBLEM ON THE GROWTH OF GROUPS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES ROSTISLAV GRIGORCHUK Dedicated to John Milnor on the occasion of his 80th birthday. Abstract. We present a survey of results related to Milnor’s problem on group growth. We discuss the cases of polynomial growth and exponential but not uniformly exponential growth; the main part of the article is devoted to the intermediate (between polynomial and exponential) growth case. A number of related topics (growth of manifolds, amenability, asymptotic behavior of random walks) are considered, and a number of open problems are suggested. 1. Introduction The notion of the growth of a finitely generated group was introduced by A.S. Schwarz (also spelled Schvarts and Svarc))ˇ [218] and independently by Milnor [171, 170]. Particu- lar studies of group growth and their use in various situations have appeared in the works of Krause [149], Adelson-Velskii and Shreider [1], Dixmier [67], Dye [68, 69], Arnold and Krylov [7], Kirillov [142], Avez [8], Guivarc’h [127, 128, 129], Hartley, Margulis, Tempelman and other researchers. The note of Schwarz did not attract a lot of attention in the mathe- matical community, and was essentially unknown to mathematicians both in the USSR and the West (the same happened with papers of Adelson-Velskii, Dixmier and of some other mathematicians). By contrast, the note of Milnor [170], and especially the problem raised by him in [171], initiated a lot of activity and opened new directions in group theory and areas of its applications. -
Superconductivity and Unexpected Chemistry of Germanium Hydrides Under Pressure
Superconductivity and unexpected chemistry of germanium hydrides under pressure 1 1, 2, 3, 4, 1 1 M. Mahdi Davari Esfahani, Artem R. Oganov, ∗ Haiyang Niu, and Jin Zhang 1Department of Geosciences, Center for Materials by Design, and Institute for Advanced Computational Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, USA 2Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 3 Nobel St., Moscow 143026, Russia 3Department of Problems of Physics and Energetics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny City, Moscow Region 141700, Russia 4International Center for Materials Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an,710072, China (Dated: August 13, 2021) Following the idea that hydrogen-rich compounds might be high-Tc superconductors at high pressures, and the very recent breakthrough in predicting and synthesizing hydrogen sulfide with record-high Tc = 203 K, ab initio evolutionary algorithm for crystal structure prediction was employed to find stable germanium hydrides. In addition to the earlier structure of germane with space group Ama2, we propose a new C2/m structure, which is energetically more favorable at pressures above 278 GPa (with inclusion of zero point energy). Our calculations indicate metallicity of the new C2/m phase of germane with Tc = 67 K at 280 GPa. Germane is found to exhibit thermodynamic instability to decomposition to hydrogen and the new compound Ge3H11 at pressures above 300 GPa. Ge3H11 with space group I4¯m2 is found to become stable at above 285 GPa with Tc = 43 K. We find that the pressure-induced phase stability of germanium hydrides is distinct from its analogous isoelectronic systems, e.g., Si-hydrides and Sn-hydrides. -
Tsu Summer Schools
TSU SUMMER SCHOOLS Tomsk State University, a leading research university in Russia, invites international BA, MA and PhD students and professors to its summer schools Visit one of the most prestigious universities in Siberia! en.tsu.ru Annually from June to September National Research Tomsk State University, a fully comprehensive institution (est. 1878, 2 Nobel Prize winners), offers summer schools in different subjects: from intensive language training in Russian to different skills level training in the field of biology and physics. z Tomsk is situated in Western z On 28 May 1878 Emperor Siberia at the very geographical Alexander II signed a decree on center of Eurasia: an ideal meet- the establishment of the first and ing point for analytical minds! only higher education institution in Tomsk is one of the oldest towns the vast expanses from the Russian in Siberia. Tomsk celebrated its Urals to the Pacific Ocean – 410th anniversary in 2014. There the Siberian Imperial University in are many beautiful ancient wooden Tomsk. The classical comprehen- buildings there. With a population sive university comprises research of half a million, Tomsk is a city of and pedagogical schools, with a students: 100,000 students (every predominant share of fundamental fifth citizen) in 6 universities. research in all fields of science. 2 QS TSU has climbed over 100 positions and reached 377th position in QS Rankings 2016! QS BRICS 43th position in QS BRICS (6th position among Russian universities) TSU SUMMER QS EECA SCHOOLS 20th position in QS: • Summer School Emerging Europe of Intensive Russian and Central Asia • The Heritage of Eurasia: z By presidential decree, Tomsk Past, Present and Future State University is included in (arts and culture in Siberia) the State list of the most valuable objects of cultural heritage of the • International Siberian Russian Federation. -
ERA.Net RUS List of Funded Projects
ERA.Net RUS List of Funded Projects No. Project Id N° Title Institution (Coordinator in bold letters) Country UMR6622 Laboratoire de TRANSLUCE - TRAnsition-metal-doped Nano-crystal-Structured glasses physique de la matière condensée (LPMC) France 1 STProjects-073 Fibers Optic Research Center of RAS Russia and optical fibres for near infrared LUminesCEnce Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Switzerland COPONAMRI - COordination POlymer NAnoparticles: An evaluation of their UMR5253 Institut Charles Gerhardt France 2 STProjects-085 Institute of organometallic chemistry of Russian academy of sciences Russia toxicity and efficiency as MRI contrasts agents & biomarkers Barcelona Science Park Spain NAMASTRECO - Nanostructured Multifunctional alloys with enhanced UMR6634 Groupe de physique des matériaux (GPM) France 3 STProjects-122 Warsaw University of Technology Poland strength and electrical conductivity Ufa State Aviation Technical University Russia UMR8580 Structures, propriétés et modélisation des solides France NANO-C - Artificial Multiferroic Nanocomposites: Towards Magnetoelectric University of Oulu Finland 4 STProjects-133 Materials-by-Design Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Germany A. F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute Russia Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Switzerland UMR8622 Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF) France 5 STProjects-146 InCoSiN - Integration of compound semiconductors and silicon in nanowires Saint Petersburg Academic University Russia Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones -
Mathematical Olympiad Other Scholarship, Research Programmes
MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD & OTHER SCHOLARSHIP, RESEARCH PROGRAMMES 2011-2012 DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COCHIN - 682 022 The erstwhile University of Cochin founded in 1971 was reorganised and converted into a full fledged University of Science and Technology in 1986 for the promotion of Graduate and Post Graduate studies and advanced research in Applied Sciences, Technology, Commerce, Management and Social Sciences. The combined Department of Mathematics and Statistics came into existence in 1976, which was bifurcated to form the Department of Mathematics in 1996. Apart from offering M.Sc, and M. Phil. degree courses in Mathematics it has active research programmes in Operations Research, Stochastic Control Theory, Graph Theory, Wavelet Analysis and Operator Theory. The Department has been coordinating the Mathematical olympiad - a talent search programme for high school students since 1990. It also organizes Mathematics Enrichment Programmes for students and teachers to promote the cause of Mathematics and attract young minds to choose a career in Mathematics. The Department also organized the International Conference on Recent Trends in Graph Theory and Combinatorics as a Satellite Conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) during August 2010. “Tejasvinavadhithamastu” May learning illumine us both, The teacher and the taught. -1- PREFACE This brochure contains information on various talent search and research programmes in basic sciences in general and mathematics in particular and is meant for the students of Xth standard and above. It will give an exposure to the very many avenues available to those who enjoy the beauty of science and have the real potential to be an academic and a researcher.