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TAMIL NADU POLICE JOURNAL January-March 2008 Notice to Contributors Articles may be sent on the following subjects, in English or Tamil (a hard copy and a soft copy in a fl oppy or by email to [email protected]) • Heinous/sensational crimes, police procedure and steps taken in detection. • Organised crime, economic off ences, emerging trends in crime, cyber crime. • Role of IT in policing, computerisation, computer as a tool in detection of crime. • Latest trends in forensic science and medicine, computer forensics, scientifi c equipment, etc. • Communication, photography, advances in fi nger print science. • Police organisation, structure and reforms, modernisation, training initiatives. • Intelligence, security, fundamentalism, terrorism and left wing extremism. • Judicial decisions of importance to police offi cers and legal issues of interest to police and law offi cers. • Exemplary police practices in India and abroad. • Police sports meets, celebrations, workshops, seminars etc. Name and address of the author should clearly be indicated and a passport size photograph enclosed. Articles should be addressed to the Editor, Tamil Nadu Police Journal, Police Training College, Ashok Nagar, Chennai-600 083, Tamil Nadu. Articles not accepted for publication will not be returned. January–March 2008 Tamil Nadu Police Journal 1 EDITORIAL BOARD Editor in Chief K Natarajan IPS DGP Training Editor T. Rajendran IPS IGP Training Members K. Ramanujam IPS ADGP Training Amit Varma IPS ADGP/PO TNPA K Bhavaneeswari IPS Principal/PTC Disclaimer No part of the Tamil Nadu Police Journal may be used or reproduced in any form without permission from the Editor. Neither the Editor, nor the publisher assumes responsibility for the articles or facts or opinions in the papers printed. Published by T. Rajendran, IPS, on behalf of Police Training College from No.2, Natesan Salai, Ashok Nagar, Chennai-83 and printed by A. Anand at Chennai Micro Print (P) Ltd, New No.130, Old No.34, Nelson Manickam Road, Aminjikarai, Chennai-29. Editor: T. Rajendran IPS 2 Tamil Nadu Police Journal January–March 2008 CONTENTS S.No. Topics Page No. 1. Editorial 5 2. Doesn’t Every Child Count? 7 —Vidhya Reddy, Executive Director, Tulir 3. Th e Cutting Edge—Police Station 32 —T. Rajendran, IPS, IGP Training 4. Economic Off ences Wing of Tamil Nadu —A 40 Unique Experience in Policing —Archana Ramasundaram, IPS, ADGP, Aministration 5. E-Governance—An Overview 50 —Amit Varma, IPS, ADGP/Project Offi cer, TNPA 6. Asset Forefeiture 61 —S. Ravi, Competent Authority, Dept. of Revenue, Govt. of India 7. Challenging Fire Scene Investigation 66 —T. Nataraja Murthy, Forensic Lecturer, PPSK Universiti, Sains Malaysia 8. koÍkh Ϫj moik ãiy? 86 —R. Nataraj, IPS, ADGP, EOW 9. Maoist Movements in Tamil Nadu—State Responses and 93 Management 93 —Nihar Nayak, Associate Fellow, Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis, New Delhi 10. Information Communication Technology 114 Initiatives in Tamil Nadu Police —K. Ramanujam, IPS, ADGP Training 11. On the Trail of a Terrorist 131 —Md. Shakeel Akhter, IPS, IGP Administration 12. Peer Practice 139 13. Important Judgements 146 14. PTC Course Calendar 157 January–March 2008 Tamil Nadu Police Journal 3 EDITORIAL Th e New Year (2008) ushered in a new era for the Police Training College, Chennai. Honourable Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Th iru M. Karunanidhi inaugurated the Tamil Nadu Police Academy at Oonamanchery, Vandalur, on the outskirts of Chennai at a grand function in the evening of March 15, 2008. It was graced by scores of dignitaries. Th e Academy built on 130 acres of land, at a cost of Rs. 60 crores boasts of state-of-the-art facilities and will be a seat of higher learning. On January 18, 2008 SI cadets (706) reported for training at PTC, Chennai. Shortage of space led to the training being carried out at two more centres at Vellore and Coimbatore apart from Chennai. Th e PTC took in 193 SI cadets including 56 women. Sixteen SI cadets from Pondicherry joined the PTC on January 30, 2008. Training for 3,775 recruit constables also commenced at 16 Police Recruit Schools in the state on February 29, 2008. Continuing its pursuit of intellectual excellence and emphasising the humanitarian angle in the role of a police, the PTC organised a half day workshop on ‘Th e Human Organ Transplantation Act’ on March 12, 2008, a move which was widely welcomed by the medical and forensic fraternity. Th e Special Address at the workshop was given by Tr. V.K.Subburaj IAS, Secretary to Government of TN, Health & Family Welfare Department. Editor January–March 2008 Tamil Nadu Police Journal 5 Doesn’t Every Child Count? (Prevalence and Dynamics of Child Sexual Abuse among School Going Children in Chennai) VIDYA REDDY Executive Director, Tulir (An edited report) INTRODUCTION Sexual abuse of children is disturbing, abhorrent and an unimaginable crime but, the unfortunate reality is that it happens. It is the biggest kept secret in India, due to the silent societal denial and ignorance, owing to the discomfort generated out of publicity. It is far more prevalent than Indian society is willing to concede. As the focus is on basic survival needs of health, shelter, nutrition and education, very little attention is paid to sexual abuse of girls and boys, and its impact. Besides a very superfi cial understanding of the defi nition, compounded by a paucity of knowledge, there seems to be hardly any awareness among either the general public or professional human service providers, regarding the extent and severity of abuse among girls and boys in India. At the same time, non-recognition of abuse due to lack of professional training and inappropriate, if not paltry, post-abuse, redressal mechanisms and protocols severely hinders eff ective response to child sexual abuse. January–March 2008 Tamil Nadu Police Journal 7 Th e United Nations and the Government of India have both recognised the seriousness and pervasiveness of violence against children through recent studies. At a more local level, to understand the diff erent experiences of sexual abuse faced by children and the issues and dynamics surrounding these events, Tulir—Centre for the Prevention and Healing of Child Sexual Abuse (CPHCSA) with support from Save the Children Sweden, Regional Programme for South and Central Asia, undertook a study among Standard 11 school- going children in Chennai. WHY THIS STUDY? Largely the skepticism and indiff erence to the occurrence of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) was the impetus for this study, besides, of course, the need to set straight the records with regard to some of the contextual realities of child sexual abuse. Moreover, while it is a universal crime that defi es demographic profi ling occurring across gender, caste, religious, ethnic, occupational and socio-economic groups, because of the widespread ignorance and silence on the issue, a number of myths have taken root and grown in our society and culture. For example, ‘boys do not get abused’, ‘child sexual abuse happens only to children from lower socio-economic families’. To debunk such myths the respondents of this study, both boys and girls, were selected from diff erent types of schools, which represent the larger socio-economic spectrum. Besides confusion, shame, guilt or fear, being characteristic features of the overarching eff ects of sexual abuse, the issues of gender stereotypes and ‘grooming’ cause various diff erences in the way abuse is perceived by abused children themselves. 8 Tamil Nadu Police Journal January–March 2008 Moreover, there seems to exist a large gap between the number of adult survivors, who report retrospectively on the abuse experienced by them as children and current reporting of abuse by children. Neglect of child sexual abuse has happened not only within communities and but also within academia and practice. Th erefore there is a scarcity of empirical information on child sexual abuse within the Indian context, and consequently the indigenous body of knowledge on the subject is very limited. India has signed, ratifi ed and acceded to the United Nations Convention on ‘the Rights of the Child’, in which Article 34 discusses the child’s right to protection from sexual abuse specifi cally. Th is research was therefore undertaken as a beginning and part of a larger eff ort towards addressing these obligations, concerns and gaps. Its perceived role was to help break the silence around the issue, dispel certain myths and provide research based information on the dynamics of abuse, which would eventually inform subsequent action at the levels of advocacy, action and policy, with the following specifi c objectives: z To determine the prevalence of child sexual abuse among school going girls and boys in Chennai, Tamil Nadu and its relation to demographics. z To understand the nature of child sexual abuse with relation to, Type of abuse Frequency of abuse Relational proximity of the abuser Process of abuse January–March 2008 Tamil Nadu Police Journal 9 z To understand the disclosure pattern of children and accessibility to support systems. z To contribute to the existing information and knowledge base on child sexual abuse in India. z To contribute towards improving child protection policies and practice. z To strengthen the initiative to have a comprehensive law on child sexual abuse in the country. z To contribute towards spreading awareness and information about child sexual abuse among children, families and the stakeholders in the larger community. METHODOLOGY Th e target group for this study included children studying in 11th standard in schools within the Chennai Corporation Zone limits. Standard 11 students were chosen to represent the child school going population of Chennai as they would have completed studying the human reproductive system, besides having the cognitive ability and social maturity to appropriately understand and answer the questions.