Heritage Horsepower Rain Fed Rice

Allen Fraser Ramsay - by Helen Trustum Rusty - Lismore New Motoring Section - The EH Holden Do you remember? The Gazunder Farmers Eye Health Gardening Let's Cook - Beef Stroganoff Sixth Local,Local, Proud Proud & & Edition we'rewe're independent independent We recently opened our new Heartland Office in Casino. Heartland is based from 81 Walker Street, Casino and on our opening day we were met with a crowd of well wishes from all over the region, people came in and have continued to come in and tell us their stories, stories on History in their families and the area, people coming in all day every day, thanking us for giving the area a magazine that they can read and enjoy. Advertisers can now come in, sit with our graphics team and we can custom design them an ad. We are proud to be local and employ locals. Our goal with Heart- land was to make it so people would discuss topics and stories with each other, remember the old times and it become something that the community could get in- volved with and make it and the stories a talking point. We've achieved that and we The sixth Issue of Heartland are hearing of stories of husbands and wives, mums, dads and kids, grandparents Magazine is and grandkids discussing stories and do you remember? And yes, we are indepen- underway and will start appear- dent and will stay that way. Thanks everyone. Sharon & Jeff ing via Australia Post and busi- nesses throughout the Northern Rivers from June 14. Heartland Magazine is growing and we will be adding more and more pages to the magazine.

www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 3 Inside this month HURRY, FREE ENDS JUNE 30. 6 Back in Time Regular feature by Rusty 9 Fascinators Ready for cup day Memory Lane 10-11 Harness Heritage Horse Power Weekend 12 Kids Corner Fairies in the Forest Come on and JOIN US at 14 Do you remember? facebook.com/heartlandmediansw/ The Gazunder 16 Allen Fraser Ramsay 32-33 Seasonal & Stocktake Sale Helen Trustum EOFYS 19 Hall of Fame 36 Australian Tractors History of the Australian Tractor

20-21 A brief History 38 Rainfed Rice Thank you to everyone that attended and helped make the official opening of Heartland Magazines new office in Casino a Casino Slater Farms wonderful experience and fantastic day. 22 Aussie Motoring 42 Let's Cook The EH Holden Beef Stroganoff 28 Tax Time 47 Close your eyes ATO Advice Go back in time.. 30 Good Old Days 50 Save the Date History Community

Heartland Media Jeff Gibbs Sharon Bateman Ph: 02 6662 6222 Director of Online & Print Marketing Director of Sales & Marketing Ph: 1300 697 787 0448 362 362 0427 633 354 [email protected] [email protected] 81 Walker Street Northern Rivers Heartland Office opened in Walker Street, Casino by State Member for Lismore Mr Thomas George. Official guests Casino NSW 2470 Mayor of Casino Mr Robert Mustow, General Manager Mr Vaughan McDonald also Mr Fraser Ramsey. Pictured Sharon Bateman, Jeff Gibbs, Debra Mortimer, Chloe Milton, Helen Trustum, Lance Skimmings, April DeWith, Judy Skimmings, Jenny Allan, Sharon Davidson www.heartlandmedia.com.au Design & Layout by Heartland Media and many more. Thank you to all our readers for the cards, well wishes and flowers. Heartland Magazine is © copyright and may no part of it can be reproduced without written permission from the Publisher

4 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 5 class acts form around the globe took part. This spectacular show would be something you would never forget. However, mother nature ended this show very quickly as this was 1954. The Queen and Duke were also in Lismore as part of their World Tour. At Oakes Oval, the schools

represented wearing different coloured crepe paper outfits and you could just imagine all these kids, me included, standing the pouring rain and the colours running and the paper falling apart. On the drive around the Oval the the laneway on the other side. I bet many Duke was heard to say “Bloody wet isn’t it”. What I miss about Lismore: drinkers at the winsome gave up after seeing That night they stayed at the Gollan Hotel but Things like the noise of steam trains shunting elephants walking past. That old wooden bridge had to leave the through the night for higher carriages at 2:30 am. The noise could be heard out nearly caused a serious incident as one of the cages country as then the Richmond River was East Lismore and the community together of metal toppled over and three large male lions escaped but rising 18 per hour and the creeks in the you would think the old trains were in your street. were quickly rounded up and put back in their cage. catchment had all broken theirs bank. I Monthly theses would have been freight wagons Lismore was a place that a had a lot of hadn’t long moved into Lismore from Whian whian with being shunted into position ready to be hooked up entertainment going all year. It had pristine theatres, and my Mother had purchased part of the Worowee the loss of all to the train from Murwillumbah which pick would up eleven pubs, rugby league every Sunday with teams hospital in Dawson Street and started a boarding on board her. I may be wrong but onto freight wagons in Lismore on the way to form Casino, Kyogle, Nimbin, Ballina, Cabbage tree house. A cyclone had made the landfall over Byron I think that did happen. The last ship to enter the Sydney markets of cattle wagons to go to Victoria. and Woodburn. Bay which was to cause a record flood since that Richmond were the sugar boats which carried raw The old steam trains letting off steam resounding flood the record has been broken twice, 1974 and sugar to be refined. These ships were the hardwood across the city and the smell of coal fuming in the There was also… rides in Lismore forming the 2017. It happened so fast and being new to Lismore and the Cobargo. night air. group. Every year on Magellan Street there was and not knowing much about river heights we lost a floral carnival’s run which was blocked off to the everything including my much-loved pottery. We had The last sugar was carried the Cobargo, who only If you were catching a train to Sydney you didn’t traffic with every window with a display in the whole to make through fast flowering water down Dawson allowed to half fill because they had trouble with wear your best white shirt as these would always block. There was a garden competition run with street to get to the high school in Keen street. We sand bars and the entrance to the river form the be some clown who would on the window and stick outstanding gardens. Every Easter a rowing regatta had nothing left but happy to be alive and well. ocean was unsafe. However, she got out to sea and their head out to see how long the train was and of was held with clubs from Sydney and Brisbane and called into hardwood and topped up their load into course your shirt would turn black form the chocking many places in between also taking apart. Every I don’t think the older generation understands the theirs. Nowadays all sugar is transported by road to black smoke. By the time you reached central Sunday night it was of the River with dancing to way today’s generation understanding the metres as Brisbane. Cobargo would have made its final railway station in Sydney you looked like of. The Stan chillcotts 26 peace land. If you couldn’t dance for years like the late Bill Coverdale which gave the journey about 40 years ago. The last ship Bunawee worst part was the cinders, hot at times and they you eat and listened to this top band or you joined in river height ever hour on the Radio 2LM in feet and which Used Ballina as its port was used for taking always hit you in the eyes. The passenger train from the bird watcher’s clubs (girls). inches and included all the creeks in the catchment. people out to the reef off Ballina and finished form Lismore to Sydney was called the north coast mail You could gauge the heights… in the creeks were her. It had up to around fifty people each trip and and the train took about fourteen hours. Friday nights was usually a night to do window still rising and if they were falling. I think reading charged fifty dollars for a day. Very dear fish and if We had a good time also on every Sunday you could shopping in the main block or you could to the the rain gauges and river and creek heights should you were lucky you catch a fish or two but if not you catch the train to Byron Bay for the day. Metropole Hotel and have a few drinks and be include feet and inches as f eel as metres. I also feel would get sea sick. entertained by the Cyclones band. Beside all that people should be allowed back to their homes to One of the longest trains to come to Lismore was a there was the North Coast National show which clean the walls and floors using the flood water as it Another thing I miss was the playing of the bells privately-owned train which was owned by Wirths back in the 50’s and 60’s was much bigger attraction makes it easier to clean. every Friday night. These bells would ring out all circus. Wirths were the biggest circus to come to then shows todays. over the city were rung form Saint Carthage’s Lismore and it was only half of tit as they owned While on the river and water brings me to the cargo cathedral. All the simple things that you miss and their own boat which went to Tasmania and New Animal wise Lismore show was the second biggest ships that for years carried steel, wire for fencing took for granted. Zealand and onto other countries in the pacific show outside of Sydney with more cattle and horse and our everyday food supplies. They travelled the region. As well as having a tent which was huge then shows today. Every Dairy breed was 100 kilometres’ form Ballina to Lismore with their I hope I have been able to give something back to and it had four rings all going at the same time and represented. Now days it is down to Jersey and cargos and unloaded and they sometimes had the a city I loved as much. This is giving to be my last it had also another tent for the zoo animals which Friesian dairy cattle taking part. Beef cattle were odd passenger and they would load out of Lismore story as ill health is catching up on me and the brain did not perform. Their animal acts were superb. The on the rise and many new breeds taking apart. The for the long trip back to Sydney. It makes me wonder isn’t working like it should. Thank you for reading my train was as long it used up to two side tracks. All land parade was a right to behold with the main ring how much big ships made their trips from Coraki stories which are all fact not fiction. To the people the animal cages were unloaded by their own crane full to the brim with dairy, beef cattle and horses to to Lismore as the river has a lot of sharp turns in who have been affected by the flood and I hope and then pulled from the railway station and through the gentle giants and of course the team of Carlton it especially around Gundurimba. These big ships everything works out for you and you get help you Woodlark Street to the corner of Dawson Street and draft horses. There was a trotting event every half wouldn’t get up the river nowadays as the river has need. Uralba Streets. All the pulling of the wagons was hour which brought the crowd to every vantage point up so badly. Anyway, they properly wouldn’t get into done by to fifteen elephants, teams of horses and to see the race. Those days you would go to the Ballina let alone Lismore. by tractors. It was a night you would never forget. show dressed up as if you were in Melbourne for the cup. The pig display was very large not like these The ships that came to Lismore were the Nimbin, While work was being done on the main bridge days with about sixty pigs in the whole pavilion. the Wyrallah and the Wiangaree plus if I remember these used to be a much lower bridge with Then another performing show which came and there was also a ship called Lismore which was sunk approaches down beside the Winsome Hotel and up ended in Lismore was the “ICE FOLLIES”. World off Coffs Harbour by a Japanese ship World War 2 For more Rusty visit http://www.heartlandmedia.com.au/back-time-with-rusty/

6 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 7 Congratulations to Marie Ryan who Heartland Magazine had the pleasure of presenting Mothers Mothers Quotes with a Twist Fascinators Day Flowers, which were a bunch of a dozen long The word ‘Fascinator’ means a light decorative headpiece of feathers, flowers, beads stem roses to at her home in Evans Head. Marie 1: “My mother’s menu consisted of two choices: Take it or etc. that is attached to a comb or hair clip. was a very surprised lady when Sharon and I turned leave it.” In the 1930’s, ‘fascinator’ applied to a lacy hoop cap. Soon after the word ‘fascinator’ up at her home to give her the flowers. disappeared from its use, the cocktail and brimless hats became the fashion We had many people write 2: "No matter how old a mother is, she watches her in for their Mum but it was middle-aged children for signs of improvement." statement to wear. The cocktail hat is the biggest inspiration behind the evolution of the letter from Maries the modern fascinator. daughters Jenny and 3: "When your mother asks, 'Do you want a piece of Wendy that won our hearts advice?' it is a mere formality. It doesn't matter if you During World War II, hat materials weren’t limited, so hat and hair accessories answer yes or no. You're going to get it anyway." at Heartland. became popular again. Women were allowed to decorate their hair with available 4: "When my kids become wild and unruly, I use a nice, materials such as feathers, flowers and ribbons. safe playpen. When they're finished, I climb out." After the war, hats lost their popularity in fashion. In the late 1950s and early 60’s, hats were no longer a prominent item in fashion and 5: "God could not be everywhere, so he created mothers." started to be considered no longer youthful but old-fashioned and conventional and be associated with middle aged to elderly fashion. The decrease of hat popularity helped The letter from Jenny & Wendy 6: A man loves his sweetheart the most, his wife the best, Words are not enough to but his mother the longest. inspire more hair dressings with wigs, extentions and fascinators. tell you how much our mum during the 1960s in Australia, small and decorative hats made an means to us. She is one 7: There are three ways to get something done: hire appearance and were called ‘fascinators’. special, amazing mum. Mum someone to do it, do it yourself, or forbid your kids to do it ! has guided us, loved us, and These fascinators were similar to the tiny cocktail hats in the 1940’s cared for us throughout our life journey. Mum has 8: Being a full-time mother is one of the highest salaried and 50’s and was seen as a revival of the formal hat. Fascinators been our inspiration, has been our strength in the jobs... since the payment is pure love. became less conventional due to the new hairstyles that developed in the 1960’s. darkest of times, and our greatest supporter at times feathers, veils and beading were added to combs and then were pinned into hairstyles of success, she has given us skills to handle what 9: Children are a great comfort in your old age – and they which than gave a decorative accent rather than an out-and-out hat. the world throws at us, she has empowered us with help you reach it faster, too Fascinators and cocktail hats faded from fashion after the 1960s and become more of a love, encouragement, understanding and acceptance. Mum has an incredible outlook on life, 10: If your kids are giving you a headache, follow the fashion statement again in the 1980s. her enthusiasm and nurturing nature has only directions on the aspirin bottle, especially the part that added to who we are today. Mum has been there says ‘keep away from children. In 1990’s, fascinators were for formal occasions. Veil fascinators and for us no matter what! Without this truly wonderful wedding fascinators became the choice for guests to formalize an outfit. mum of ours we wouldn't be where we are today, we Fascinators now are embellished with either crystals, beads, or loops of ribbon and can be wouldn't be able to cope and view life without the attached via a comb, headband or held with pins and have become a fashion statement all wisdom, knowledge and continual love and around the world. encouragement we receive from this insightful, ‘Fascinators’ now can be seen everywhere from a fashion runway to a horse racing event. incredible person who we are so lucky to call our They seem to be alternative fashion trend that is growing. this is because ‘fascinators’ seem mum. She can only be described as one of the most to be more of a fun and more decorative than a hat would. remarkable person in the world! We love you so much mum! THANKYOU! One thing for sure is that ‘fascinators’ won’t go away in fashion and as the old saying goes From your two daughters, Jenny and Wendy xxxx in the Dunn & Co, hatmakers 1940’s advertisement as their slogan “if you want to get ahead, get a hat or a fascinator!”.

8 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 9 Harnessing Heritage Horse Power Weekend Casino Showground July 15 & 16

Now in its fourth year, the 2017 Harnessing Heritage surface working, pulling carts, wagons and riding. come up with a way to be able to display them.” the horses did not take part and the weather was Horsepower Weekend is promising to be the biggest bad. and best yet. On the mechanical side of the equation would be The weekend will feature a range of events including about 80 vintage tractors, 20 vintage trucks and 10 parades, tractor pulls and games, balancing beam “It should be a real good show if we get a good Exhibitors from as far afield as Macksville, Armidale, vintage cars, some more than 100 years old. trials and slow tractor races. weekend of weather,” he said. Guyra and Toowoomba will bringing their heavy “Some of the prime movers actually bring the horses and vintage cars, tractors, trucks and tractors,” Ben said. “They turn up with three vintage There will also be a “tractor trek” on the Sunday “The event will probably run every second year after stationary engines to the Casino Showgrounds for tractors on the back and put the trucks on show as morning, in which a parade of mighty machines will this year, so people the event on well.” make its way from the showgrounds through the don’t get bored, so July 15 and backroads of Yorklea and parts of it would be good if 16. Ben’s fellow co-organiser John Ellangowan. everyone came this Broadrick, also from Casino, came year.” Co-organiser up with the idea of putting the old The Casino Show Society will be Ben Sullivan, trucks and machinery on show. running a barbecue over the whole For more details from Casino, weekend and there will be an auction and updates check said the “On the Northern Rivers, there is of goods provided by sponsors on the Casino Show weekend a lot of machinery sitting in sheds the Saturday. Society’s Facebook was a around here,” John said. page. historical Ben said this year’s event would be showcase “I thought, why not see if we can much bigger than last year’s when – demonstrating how things were done back in the olden days.

“A lot of the older generation like to come and reminisce about the old days and they like to bring their children and grandchildren along to see how it was done in the years gone by,” Ben said. “There’s a bit of a feel for the heritage things these days. It’s quite well supported.

“And it’s only a gold coin donation to get in, so it’s not a costly event to take the family to.”

Ben said there would be about 30 heavy horses – Clydesdales, Percherons, Suffolk Punches, Australian Draft Horses – demonstrating ploughing,

10 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 11 Knock, knock. Who’s there? Canoe! Canoe who? Canoe come out and play with me today? Toys Change Lives Knock, knock. Who’s there? Who! Who who? That’s what an Topsy Stevens Celebrates 107th Birthday owl says! Knock, knock. Who’s there? Lettuce. Lettuce who? Lettuce in, Uniting Church Reverend it’s cold out here. Pete Boughey and the boys at Knock, knock. Who’s there? Honey bee. Honey bee who? KOFY (Keeping Our Freedom Honey bee a dear and get me some juice. Youth Indigenous Corporation) Knock, knock. Who’s there? Wooden shoe. Wooden shoe are working a bit of magic into who? Wooden shoe like to hear another joke? wooden toys for sale in the Knock, knock. Who’s there? A broken pencil. A broken pencil main street of Casino. who. Oh never mind it’s pointless. Reverend Pete, the Chaplain at Knock, knock. Who’s there? Cow says. Cow says who? No Acmena Juvenile Justice silly, a cow says Mooooo! Knock, knock. Who’s there? Double. Double who? W! Centre in Grafton, says his Knock, knock. Who’s there? Mikey! Mikey who? Mikey doesn’t program which employs young fit in the keyhole! men to assemble and paint Knock, knock. Who’s there? Atch. Atch who? Bless you! wooden toys for sale has reduced recidivism from 85% to Knock, knock. Who’s there? I am. I am who? You don’t know 24%. The toys are marketed nationally. who you are? Aaron Avery, who has completed some commissioned In 1984 the babies went into war artworks, says he was in the detention centre and it was They had no guns, they used their thumbs, hard to get paid once he got out. Pete had work and it Topsy has had a big few days celebrating with her family in 1984. “helped him out heaps”, so Aaron could stay in Casino. and friends on Sunday and then again on Tuesday the by MASTER AM 30th May for her 107th Celebration. Joining her here was her son John, daughter in law Jenny and pictures attached of our two ladies Clytie Summerville (in Lay back chair) and Isabel Cowdry who both turn 100 in August (12th, 19th). All Birthdays are special but none like her own.

Giving some advise on what to do to live for a long life Topsy basked in the moment and enjoyed all who attended. With each year Topsy starts to plan her next birthday. Topsy was born in the local area Cottage Collections Country chic with a touch of Parisienne. “I decided to buy my shop when my children were older and I wanted to do something for myself.” Nearly three years ago, Lisa Burton made the decision to invest in her future and purchase Cottage Collection in Casino.

Fairies in the Forest. “I loved buying gifts from the previous owner and saw what beautiful charm the shop oozed,” she said. What can you see among the trees will I see some Casino Community fairies among the trees I see not just one a village of The Barker Street store has something for everyone. the fairies. The fairies glitter oh so bright. Lisa sells a range of Lii Lii silk and cotton women’s Soup Kitchen Anyone could see without this light. The shady tree clothing aimed at the curvier lady. will hold these memories not just one theres more and Food Bank One of her favourite aspects of owning the store has been than you can count up in the tree just this one has finding new and exciting goods to sell. She stocks giftware "Soup Kitchen Reinvented" pixie dust for everyone. I climbed that tree not to for every occasion, including birthdays, weddings, Everyone is welcome to come along and share or steal just to peek. personal gifts, baby showers and celebrating newborns, Delicious meals. The sad fairy oh so blue controls us, me and you and includes free gift wrapping. We will be having a different variety of meals each she controls sadness blues and your moods. Every week. fairy has a goal which tells them their mood. The To make sure that special someone gets exactly what Venue: St Mark's Church Auxiliary Hall they want, Cottage Collection gift vouchers are also Via Simpson Parade happy fairy is so bright I wish I could be in the light available. When Lisa invested into the community as a she has a dark side not to show she is the brightest When: Each Friday Time: 5pm local business-owner, she believes that the community Cost is FREE rainbow see that up there they can see you invested in her too. anywhere that’s what I see now how about you? Menu: Healthy, Nutritious, Fresh Foods, Take away as What do you see in the tree? “I am always so thankful to the Casino community and required. beyond for the support they give us.” Volunteers: Men & Women of all ages welcome For more information call Margaret 6662 4505 Story and Riddles by between 9.30am - 4.00pm Mystery 8 year old. All Families are Welcome

12 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 13 Do you remember? Australian Red Cross Every year the Australian Red Cross Blood Service holds National Blood Donor Week (Sunday 11th – Saturday 17th June 2017) to celebrate this country’s 495,000 life-saving blood donors. To coincide with the event, a recognition presentation for milestone blood donors will be held at Lismore City Hall. Donors who have contributed milestone blood donations of 50, 100, 150 continuing at intervals of 50 up to 350 within the previous 12-month period are invited and this year 50 milestone blood donors are expected to attend. During National Blood Donor Week recognition events are held in regions all over Australia and the Lismore event will include a short presentation followed by a morning tea. The Red Cross Donor Centre in Lismore, located in Bounty Street near the Lismore City Hall, is encouraging locals to continue their contributions throughout the cooler months. Cancer patients, road trauma victims, women giving birth, and people with blood disorders will still rely on blood donations to help them through this winter. With "Wash my face and keep it clean... one third of blood I'll never tell the sights I have seen".... donations used to help treat people with cancer.

Donation is free and generally anyone in good health aged from 16 to 70 years can contribute. Within 48 hours of contributing, your donation is sent to one of the Australian Red Cross Blood processing centres where it will be tested to ensure there are no issues with your blood health. You will also learn your blood type and be given a donor number. Your Bed Pan, Gazunder, Pottie call it what you will! blood can then be broken down into three components: red cells, plasma, and platelets, helping to save up to three lives. There are still appointments to fill at Lismore Donor Centre over the Winter period – to book or for more information A chamber pot is a bowl-shaped container with a handle, and often a lid, used as a portable toilet, especially in the please call 13 14 95 or visit donateblood.com.au. bedroom at night. Variants of this were common in many cultures until the advent of indoor plumbing.

Names: "Chamber" is an old-fashioned term for bedroom. The chamber pot is also known as a jordan, a jerry, a guzunder, a po (possibly from French: pot de chambre), a potty pot, a potty, or a thunder pot. It was also known as a chamber utensil or Woodburn-Evans Head & District Orchid & foliage Society Inc. bedroom ware. Annual Mother’s Day Autumn Show

History: The Woodburn-Evans Head & District Orchid & Foliage Society Inc. has held its Annual Mother’s Day Autumn Chamber pots were used in ancient Greece at least since the 6th century BC and were known under many different Show on 13th and 14th May 2017. names. It is only the 3rd year in which the Society has conducted an Autumn Show and this has proven most The introduction of indoor flush toilets started to displace chamber pots in the 19th century but they remained common successful. until the mid-20th century. The alternative to using the chamber pot was a long cold walk to the outhouse in the middle of Committee member Bob Saunders from Casino received both the Grand Champion and Reserve Champion the night. awards with Blc Karen’s Sunrise ‘Waianbe’ and Zygopetalum Adelaide Meadows ‘Rebecca’, Peter Furniss from Iluka got the Champion Culture with Bulbopyllum Rothschildianum. Today: Chamber pots continue in use today in areas lacking indoor plumbing, such as rural China. In the Philippines, chamber The Mayor of Richmond Valley Council Councillor Robert Mustow and the Societies Patron Ernie Bennett pots are used as urinals and are known as arinola in most Philippine languages, such as Cebuano or Tagalog. presented the awards to the prize winners on the Sunday afternoon. In Korea, chamber pots are referred to as yogang. They were used by people who did not have indoor plumbing to avoid the cold elements during the winter months and are still used in North Korea to this day. There were 180 plants benched which had been submitted by 17 local growers.

The show was a credit to the Societies committee and members.

14 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 15 building at Pacer Allen Fraser Ramsay Mountain Blue Farms Health Centre 11 in Mountain blue produces blueberries for the domestic and Northern Uganda. raser, as he is known, was of the best all round international markets. Mountain Blue isn’t simply a F born at Bonalbo on June Auctioneer’s in Casino farming business however…. MOUNTAIN BLUE FARM’S MISSION IS TO 5th 1929 to Stuart and and has been succeeded BE THE GLOBAL by his son, Allen. Four pillars underpin MBF’s success: Agnes Ramsey. He went to Genetics - MBF has a blueberry breeding program, LEADER IN THE PRODUCTION OF THE Bonalbo Public School and focussing on producing the highest quality blueberries in FINEST BLUEBERRIES FRUIT AND VARIETIES. due to his father’s death Fraser and the family the world. Currently MBF varieties are grown in over 20

countries worldwide under licence. in 1946 had only one year have a love of horses The 2016 blueberries picking season started on the at Farrer Memorial School. and dogs. Fraser started 4/5/2016, where we picked a total of 126kg on that day. Farming – MBF currently has three farms under Fraser began work for his competing in the Our biggest day was in November where we picked production. Two in Tabulam and one at Lindendale. MBF around 16,800kg with 500 pickers! The Tabulam Packing Uncle, Allen Ramsey, at showring, this was at Currently has 135 hectares under production. Our main shed opened on the 29th August 2016, offering many Tabulam and Alan Johnston Bonalbo, aged 5 years. farm is Tabulam is called River Run and founded in 2012. more jobs in the community! We started with 34 at Bottle Creek. In 1947, He was judged by employees, packing to 68 employees until we reached a Marketing – MBF has a marketing company that Fraser’s mother purchased Colonel Michael comfortable number of around 40 employees. a dairy farm at Bottle Bruxner MLA and markets MBFs own fruit, along with over 20 growers around Australia. These growers are provided with In 2017 season will have a similar start time as previous Creek. During 1953 Lance received 2/- from him. Mountain Blue genetics, and pack into MBF’s labels. years with a small amount of fruit to be picked in late May. Nicholls encouraged Fraser All his family are Several of these growers are on the North Coast of NSW, We are looking to hire local pickers and returning pickers to join the auctioneering competitive show and transport fruit to Tabulam for MBF to pack on their first and as much as possible throughout the season. behalf. business of Tomkinson and riders, including the However we are still employ a large portion of non-locals Nicholls at Bonalbo. They grandchildren. The most such as backpackers to make up numbers. Recruitment Our fruit is sold in supermarkets and other grocers. You would canvass the successful all round will be done by Mountain Blue and two other contract can find our fruit packed under the following labels: recruitment district on horseback to sell horse to compete was Eureka Blueberries, Mountain Blue Orchards & River Run. companies with an at their monthly cattle sale. In those days “Freedom”. All members of the family have ridden aim of reaching auctioneer’s would helped drive cattle to and from Nursery - MBF has a commercial nursery, supplying all projected picker around Australia as well as globally. the saleyards. Lance Nicholls guided Fraser in his number of 800 in the Mountain Blue Farms is all about giving back to the local auctioneering career. Also in the same year Fraser peak of the season and international communities! (October). Pictured here are owners Ridley and Mike Bell, at the opening of medical staff quarters they’ve assisted with Advertorial

Fraser, now aged 88 years, has retired from auctioneering after over 65 years of holding a married Laurene Burbage, their family Allen, Susan, licence, which cost three pound in 1953. He is Elizabeth and Helen. grateful for the wonderful people he has met as those same people are grateful for having known Fraser and Laurene with their family moved to him. Casino in 1960 with a new Holden car provided by Tomkinson and Nicholls. Times were very busy, it was nothing to yard 1,000 pigs on Monday together Story by Helen Trustum with 1,000 bobby calves. Lance Nicholls retired in 1964 and Fraser was made manager. He commenced trading on his own in 1968. Fraser went on to be one

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16 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 17 The Bentley Art Prize has been held annually at the Bentley Public Hall since 1985. “The Bentley” is a vehicle for emerging artists to showcase their talent to the wider community and sponsored by many organisations including the major sponsors The Beach Boys The Beatles The Supremes Richmond Valley Council, Casino RSM Club and The Beach Boys The Beatles were an English rock band The Richmond Dairies. All proceeds raised from the are an American formed in Supremes rock band formed Liverpool in were an event go toward the upkeep of the Bentley Public in Hawthorne, 1960. With American Hall, a focal point for the Bentley Community. California in 1961. members John female The group's original Lennon, Paul singing The Bentley Art Prize is a community event that line up consisted McCartney, group and attracts all ages from surrounding districts, the of brothers Brian, George the premier Dennis, and Carl Wilson, their cousin Mike Harrison and act of Motown Records during the 1960s. attraction being the diversity of artwork created Love, and their friend Al Jardine. Ringo Starr, Founded as the Primettes in Detroit, locally and from afar. The family orientated event The Beach Boys began as a garage band they became Michigan, in 1959, the Supremes were the has grown over the years into a great benefit for the playing 1950s style rock and roll, reassem- widely regard- most commercially successful of Motown's Bentley Community. bling styles of music such as surf to include ed as the foremost and most influential act acts and are, to date, America's most suc- vocal jazz harmony, which created their of the rock era. cessful vocal group with 12 number one sin- unique sound. In addition, they introduced The Beatles built their reputation playing gles on the Billboard Hot 100. The Bentley Art Prize has been coordinated by their signature approach to common genres clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a Founding members Florence Ballard, Mary Helen Trustum since 2006, prior to which it was such as the pop ballad by applying harmonic three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Wilson, Diana Ross, and Betty McGlown, all coordinated by Reg (1922-2012) and Phyllis or formal twists not native to rock and roll. Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player. The from the Brewster-Douglass public (1923-2009) Hartley. The website content is core of Lennon, housing project in Detroit. managed by Bentley resident and Hall Trustee In 1966, the Pet Sounds album and "Good McCartney and Harrison went through a The girls crafted an age-appropriate style Vibrations" single vaulted the group to the succession of drummers, including Pete that was inspired by the collegiate dress of Ted Hoddinott and social media content is managed top level of rock innovators and established Best, before asking Starr to join them. popular doo-wop group Frankie Lymon & by Art Prize Coordinator Helen Trustum. Bentley the band as symbols of the nascent s are the best-selling band in history, with the Teenagers. resident Trudi Charnock was recently appointed as counterculture era. estimated sales of over 600 million records "Someday We'll Be Together" was recorded Administrative Assistant of the Bentley Art Prize. The Beach Boys are one of the most worldwide. They have had more with the intent of releasing it as the first solo critically acclaimed, commercially number-one albums on the British charts single for Diana Ross. successful, and widely influential bands of and sold more singles in the UK than any The group's songs "Stop! In the Name all time. The group had over eighty songs other act.On 25 June 1967, the Beatles of Love" and "You Can't Hurry Love" are chart worldwide, thirty-six of them US Top performed their forthcoming single, "All You among the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 40 hits (the most by an American rock Need Is Love", to an estimated 350 million Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. band), four reaching number-one on the viewers on Our World, the first live global Diana Ross & the Supremes gave their Billboard Hot 100 chart. television link. final performance on January 14, 1970 at the Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas. Why do Australians celebrate Christmas in July?

Australia has British and European heritage, so there's a strong attachment to the tradition of celebrating Christmas in cold weather. That's why there's 'Christmas in July', which is also known as Yulefest or Yuletide in Australia. Reg Hartley July is generally the coldest month of winter, so Founding Father of the Bentley Art Prize, Reg celebrations emulate the atmosphere of the northern hemisphere winter. So that means hearty food like roasts, Hartley, sadly passed away on 17th January 2012. and warm drinks in front of fireplaces and bonfires. He will be remembered as a steadfast visionary by the Bentley community. Christmas in July does not replace the real Christmas in December, and is enjoyed as an extra celebration. It's not an official holiday and it's not celebrated by everyone, but its popularity is growing.

18 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 19 The stations immediately Scrub, it has become The steady growth of the population of the town in is A Brief History of Casino encircling Casino were necessary to manage the indicative of its progress and prosperity. The population Wooroowoolgan on the south remaining forests, both of 1,486 in 1891 had grown to 3,455 by 1929 and is today Casino's recorded history began in 1840 when squatters side of the river Runnymede to hardwood and softwood, by approximately 11,000 in the Casino township area and Henry Clay and George Stapleton drove their herds over the north and Tomki stretching sound forest principles approximately 20,000 in the Richmond Valley Shire area. the Richmond Range from Tabulam and settled on the downstream. This initial period including the progressive Richmond River. To their 30,720 acre grazing run they of settlement introduced the expansion of Softwood The town is built astride the Richmond River 25 metres gave the name "Cassino". pastoral era, which was to plantations. The activities above sea level and is very fortunate in being the only prove the mainstay of the of the NSW State Forestry town in the district, which is free from flooding. Its climate In 1844, Clark Irving purchased the run and renamed it district for many decades. Commission and timber mills is sub-tropical with pleasant summers and warm winters; "Tomki", but the settlement at the Falls, which was one of Timber, dairying and beef ensure that timber will always the annual rainfall being 1065mm the few places a bullock dray could cross the river in cattle have each played their be an important segment of safety, retained the name of Cassino. This was later part in the development of the the town's economy. Casino was termed the "Hub of Summerland" in the changed to Casino, the first official use of the name district. 1970's because it was the key rail and air centre for the appearing in a report to the Surveyor-General by licensed The development of the Summerland area. It is on the main Sydney to Brisbane Surveyor F. S. Peppercorne following his survey of the The cedar-getters opened district for dairying came railway line and was until the recent closure the junction site for the town in 1855. up the country but, with the slowly, being deferred, until for the Lismore and Murwillumbah line. It is also the progressive removal of the Big clearing started by the junction of the State Highway and principal main roads. cedar-getters had spread The airport is only one kilometre mile from town and up through the Big Scrub. Impetus was given firstly with the until recent years was serviced by daily flights to Sydney. subdivision of the big squatting stations and later with the Now the airfield is used only for small planes. formation of the Casino Co-operative Dairy Society Ltd. Casino's strong ties with the beef industry have not The beef cattle industry, being somewhat later than faltered over the years. The town has been dubbed the dairying, has assumed great importance in the past sixty "Beef Capital". The community celebrates and enhances years. Some of the early expansion of this industry the title with an annual "Beef Week" festival held in the followed an overseas demand for tallow. Boiling down month of May. With a positive approach to tourism and a plants became part of operations of early stations. The reputation for warm and friendly people Casino's future is production of tallow as a means of disposal of surplus well assured. stock was virtually abandoned during the Crimean war and the beef industry, for many years, was substantially restricted to the supply of local needs. With the growth of overseas demand for Australian beef however, the industry has successfully entered the overseas market with the major meat works, the Northern Co-operative Watch out for a brief History of your town in future editions of Heartland Meat Company Ltd. developing at Casino. Magazine

20 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au The EH Holden F1 History Non-super- We'll be following the history of F1 each month charged 4.5-litre Aussie Motoring pre-war Grand Formula One automobile racing has its roots in the Prix cars were European Grand Prix championships of the 1920s and allowed to race 1930s. The foundation of Formula One began in 1946 against the with the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's (FIA's) pre-war 1.5-litre standardisation of rules. A World Championship of Drivers supercharged followed in 1950. The sport's history parallels the 'voiturettes', while evolution of its technical regulations. pre-war The 1.5 liter four-cylinder Talbot-Darracq of Chassagne at the Brooklands 200 miles race of 1921, in which the supercharged In addition to the world championship series, team finished in the first three places. 3-litre Grand Prix non-championship Formula One races were held for many years, the last held in 1983 due to the rising cost of cars were banned. The first race under the new regulations was the 1946 Turin Grand Prix held on 1 The Holden EH was an automobile produced by General • Utility competition. National championships existed in South Motors-Holden's in Australia from 1963 to 1965. The EH • Panel van Africa and the UK in the 1960s and 1970s. September, the race being won by Achille Varzi in an Alfa was released in August 1963 replacing the Holden EJ The Station Sedan name was used on all station wagon Romeo 158 Alfetta. series and was the first Holden to incorporate models. pre-WWII supercharged engines the new "Red" engine, with a 7 main Championships for drivers or constructors were not bearing crankshaft instead of the 4 main "Standard" models were basic with no side Formula One was first defined in 1946 by the introduced immediately. In the early years there were bearing crankshaft used in the "Grey" engine. badging and were mostly fitted with 149ci Commission Sportive Internationale (CSI) of the FIA, around 20 races held from late Spring to early Autumn engines, rubber floor mats and single-tone acrylic paint forerunner of FISA, as the premier single seater racing (Fall) in Europe, although not all of these were considered The larger capacity 149 ci (2400cc) engine was first only finish. category in worldwide motorsport to become effective significant. Most competitive cars came from Italy, sold attached to a three-speed manual gear box or the in 1948. It was initially known variously as Formula A, particularly Alfa Romeo. Races saw pre-war heroes like "Hydramatic" three-speed automatic transmission with a "Special" models came equipped with stainless moulding Formula I or Formula 1 with the corresponding "Voiturette" Rudolf Caracciola, Manfred Von Brauchitsch and Tazio (column shift). The 179 ci (2900cc) engine was only sold strips all round, special badges and optional two-tone formula being titled Formula B, Formula II or Formula 2. with the "Hydramatic" three-speed. paint jobs still in acrylic paint. 15 cool facts about F1 When the 500c formula was internationally recognised 1 Formula 1 cars have around 800bhp but only weigh 640kgs The first EH with a 179 ci engine and a manual gear box, "Premier" was the top of the range model with 179ci as Formula 3 in 1950 it was never titled as "Formula C" including the driver. was called the "EH-S4". The 179ci engine then became engine and hydramatic transmission, leather interior, so the three International Formulae were "officially" titled 2 A driver’s steering wheel costs around AUD50,000 alone available with an up-graded manual gear box, with bucket seats, fold down centre armrest in the back seat, Formula 1, Formula 2 and Formula 3. and has a multitude of buttons to control absolutely stronger gears than the 149ci gear box. The three-speed carpets, metallic paint, centre console incorporating a everything. manual (column shift) gear boxes had no synchromesh heater/demister, diamond dot radio, handbrake warning 3 While aeroplanes use their wings to lift them into the air, F1 In the beginning, the formula was largely based on cars use theirs to create downforce – the force that pushes on first gear, requiring double de-clutching. The light and chrome plated wheel trims. pre-World War II regulations defined by engine capacity. them onto the track and helps them corner faster and have 179 ci The regulation expected to bring a new balance between more grip. manual also used an up-graded clutch. The Standard EH was the same price as its supercharged and normally aspirated cars. F1 history continued next month predecessor (EJ) at A$2102. A total of 256,959 EH Holdens were produced and sold from 1963 to 1965, when the EH was The "S4 Special" was introduced in September replaced by the Holden HD series. 1963 for racing homologation purposes (a minimum of 100 were required to be built & sold). These featured a The Range: 179 engine, manual transmission with hardened gears,12 gallon fuel tank (9 gallon was standard), a more The Holden EH range was offered in the following models: comprehensive tool kit, metal lined brake shoes and a • Standard Sedan larger tailshaft. Six were produced at Holden's • Standard Station Sedan Melbourne's (Dandenong) plant and 120 in Sydney's • Special Sedan (Pagewood) plant. • Special Station Sedan • S4 Special Sedan • Premier Sedan • Premier Station Sedan Ford XY Falcon GT next edition

22 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 23 Ongmac and its team of professional staff offer the best Ongmac advice, the best quality, the best price and backed up by a team of factory trained service and parts personnel all Ongmac was established by Alec Marsh in 1982 in the of which help Ongmac continues its philosophy of Quality, Garage of his NRMA depot in Bangalow, NSW. Alec's Car Service, Reliability and Partnerships. repair business was soon overtaken by the need for local farmers and land owners requirements for chainsaws and Alec Marsh - Company Founder water pumps. In 1982 Alec began selling and servicing and Director two popular brands Onga Water Pumps and McCulloch Born 26th July 1948 - Alec passed Chainsaws. With the combination of these two names is away 17th August 2015 how the Ongmac tradition began. Looking into the Future With the growing northern rivers population it didn’t take long for business to grow so Alec had no option but to Over the past 35 years Ongmac relocate his business to the center of the regional growth Trading has acquired 1.5 acres of high visibility land with Ballina, NSW. Combined with the subdivision of many 3 street frontages along with a warehouse facility larger farms in the area to small hobby farm blocks and nearby enabling Ongmac to continue to grow as the the northern rivers humid climate there became a demand leading Agricultural equipment supplier in Lismore and for grass cutting equipment. In 1984 Alec began to sell surrounding areas. Ongmac’s customer base include the and service two popular Australian made ride on mowers region’s between Coffs Harbor and Tweed Heads and as Snapper and COX. Due to the ever increasing expansion far west as Glen Innes and Tenterfield in 1985 the business was moved to Lismore where Ongmac is located today. In 1989 Alec and his now Alec Marsh’s two son’s Dean and Shane both take active dedicated team of staff {some of whom are still employed parts in the operational side of the business. Dean has by the company today} began selling and servicing worked in the business since 1993 along with 6 years Shibaura and Yanmar tractors. In 1990 John Deere took away from the business working in the Cotton and Wheat over Distribtion of Yanmar tractors for the Australian belt of North West NSW to gain some invaluable market. Due to the growing demands of local farmers and business experience. Dean now is the manager of the Ongmac's professional business ethics the John Deere Kubota Construction business. Shane Marsh has been in name became part of the equipment portfolio. The need to the business since leaving school in the year 1999 and is cater for the growing Compact Tractor and power now the Agricultural division sales manager. equipment business Alec had had no option but to relocate to larger premises. In 1991 the Caltex Service Station next door came up for sale and after 3 years of negotiating Ongmac moved into the location it is in Today at 86 Conway st, Lismore. Advertorial

The German chainsaw manufacturer, STIHL recognized Alec Marsh as a small engine expert so Stihl was added to Ongmac's equipment range in 1990. STIHL and John Deere have been two of the companies in the early days of Ongmac History that sold extremely good quality machinery, and created long lasting professional relationships with Ongamc and that has helped Alec build the business into what it is today. Alec Marsh believed STIHL a family owned company themselves are the most professional and driven companies who support their dealers through good and bad times are one of the "key" reasons Ongmac is still in business today.

Offering no end of support and service to Ongmac's growing customer base other manufacturers began looking for distributors in Lismore. After the closure of Lismore Machinery in 1991 Kubota and Silvan offered Ongmac their respective franchises. Ongmac now had a lineup of quality product that even today is not matched anywhere else in the country.

The next few years saw a lot of changes in the Northern Rivers farming community hence the need for Ongmac to maintain its professionalism and service if it was to build on those long standing partnerships with customers and suppliers alike. Hobby farms, Council's, Macadamia Nuts, Sugar Cane, Tropical Fruits and Cattle farms make up the majority of equipment users in Lismore and surrounding areas all of which have specialist requirements.

24 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au

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May be low impact, medium impact or high impact impact or high impact medium be low impact, May a V) with (marked shield a face beneath be worn can Spectacles

• • eyewear maintenance Protective fitted be carefully selected, eyewear should Protective reasonably should be Protective eyewear and cleaned. with the without interfering and fit snugly comfortable wearer or vision of the movements and chemicals Contact lenses lenses when handling ammonia or Never wear contact Store eye protection in clean, other farm chemicals. dust-proof containers. compounded by the force of eye injury, source of chemical contact. risk Foreign object soil, crop material or other foreign Particles of rocks, equipment that chops or grinds can objects thrown from eye injury to the operator or bystander. cause unexpected Keep away from the Keep machinery properly shielded. discharge path. equipment. Even Eye injuries often occur when servicing eye injuries. simple hand tools can cause severe Find an optometrist is to discuss your The only real way to protect your eyes an optometrist. Find specific eye protection needs with one in your area by using the function. is the only sure way to

can be prevented. Sixty

eye injuries

eye examination,

will be able to advise you of the

fer an extra level of protection above that pro- www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 29 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine Ph: www.heartlandmedia.com.au May of May be low or medium impact Cover your upper face Have much the same function as goggles but are less likely to fog May be low or medium impact Spectacles can be worn beneath an eye shield Cover your entire face Can look like regular spectacles but the lenses are Can look like regular spectacles but more durable debris Provide better protection against flying medium impact May be low impact (no marking) or (marked with an I) Should also provide side protection. If you have a vision problem, you can use specially made glasses that have corrective lenses. vided by safety glasses ou should always wear splash goggles when handling

Farmers Eye Health Eye Farmers Eye shields • • • • Face shields • Compared to those working in large corporations, in large corporations, to those working Compared view take a more relaxed can sometimes family farmers to eye when it comes and safety -- particularly of health health. renovators -- are often and DIY Farmers – like handymen a variety of tools and chemicals. generalists who use miles away from emergency medical Many work alone, assistance. has produced this guide to eye health Australia Optometry for Aussie farmers: of eye protection The importance happen in an instant, and in worst Eye accidents can blindness or the loss of an eye. cases, lead to legal from the National Eye Institute more In the US, experts than 90 percent of work, many of which percent of eye accidents happen at construction, could be avoided. Employees in the fishing and mining manufacturing, agriculture, forestry, industries are most at risk. Protective eyewear to your optometrist about your line of work while Talking having a painless eyewear. know you are using the correct protective An optometrist using face shields, goggles or safety of effectiveness your eyes and your glasses with protective lenses, to suit line of work. Some eye protection options include: Safety glasses • • • • • Safety goggles Y can also wear and applying chemicals. Workers welding goggles to protect their eyes from intense light and sparks. Make sure they fit snugly around your eyes. Helmets or goggles with special filters are available to provide more protection for welders or people working with lasers. • •

HM6-Q-JYA expense claims and repairs contracts tenant and rental records. payment summaries from statements from your bank dividend statements from summaries from managed receipts or invoices for receipts or invoices for

• • If your total claim for work-related expenses is more than $300, you must have written evidence to prove your claims. payers, including your employer and the Department of Human Services • and other financial institution showing the interest you've earned • companies • investment funds • equipment or asset purchases and sales • • • During the financial year you'll receive documents During the financial year you'll receive tax, such as that are important for doing your and payment summaries, receipts, invoices contracts. you need to keep these for five years Generally, in case we ask from when you lodge your tax return you to substantiate your claims. Records you need to keep include: All the above information has been supplied from the ATO Website www.ato.gov.au Website ATO All the above information has been supplied from the

it must be directly related to earning your it must be directly related to earning income it. you must have a record to prove you must have spent the money yourself and you must have spent the money weren't reimbursed

28 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // 28 zero, but on their own they can't get you a refund. zero, but on their own they can't Records you need to keep In general, offsets can reduce your tax payable to can reduce your tax payable In general, offsets taxable income. directly reduce the amount of tax payable on your directly reduce the amount of tax Offsets and rebates referred to as rebates) (sometimes offsets Tax work-related portion. purposes, you can only claim a deduction for the purposes, you can only claim a deduction • and private If the expense was for both work • • To claim a work-related deduction: To are directly related to earning your income. are directly related to earning your claim deductions for some expenses, most of which for some expenses, most of which claim deductions accurate and complete. to your tax return, you're entitled When completing manually entered, you need to make sure it is manually entered, you can claim Deductions Regardless of whether your income is pre-filled or your income is pre-filled Regardless of whether but there is some you will need to record manually. but there is some we receive from employers and financial institutions, employers and financial institutions, we receive from year. Most of this information is pre-filled from details Most of this information year. delays in processing. delays in each on your tax return is declared income Your clients' tax returns are correct and to help prevent and to help returns are correct clients' tax declare you must Income and things to consider before lodging to ensure your lodging to to consider before and things service commitment, what you can do to prepare, to prepare, can do what you commitment, service Find out about the key changes this tax time, our tax time, this changes the key out about Find Tax Time 2017 Time Tax Good Old Days Dying Trades Shoemaking/Cobbler Shoemaking is the process of making footwear. Originally, shoes were Petrol Stations made one at a time by hand. Traditional handicraft shoemaking has now The oil crisis of the 1970s marked been largely superseded in volume of shoes produced by industrial mass the beginning of the end for the production of footwear, but not necessarily in quality, attention to detail, or full service station. Oil companies craftsmanship. Trades that engage in shoemaking have included the cordwainer's and figured that customers wanted to cobbler's trades. Today, shoes are often made on a volume basis, rather pump their own gas in exchange than a craft basis. for saving money. Shoemaking became more commercialised in the mid-18th century, as it Pretty soon, the attendants were expanded as a cottage industry. Large warehouses began to stock footwear in warehouses, made by many small no longer needed. Also, the manufacturers from the area. process of getting petrol at a full Until the 19th century, shoemaking was a traditional handicraft, but by the century's end, the process had been almost completely mechanised, with production occurring in large factories. service station took about 10-15 minutes, which sadly is considered Traditional shoemakers still exist today, especially in poorer parts of the world, and create custom shoes. too long in today's high paced, Using the services of a cobbler can generate substantial savings, as he or she can repair a pair of shoes for the fraction impatient world. of the cost of a replacement pair. Cobblers have been working with shoes for centuries, and cobbling is one of the oldest professions in the world. Historically, people purchased shoes from this person, and used his or her services to continually repair the shoes as needed. A single pair of shoes could last for a decade or more with judicious resoling, refinishing, and minor repair work, giving the wearer a great deal of mileage.

It takes around four years to train to become a cobbler. This training includes learning the use of all of the equipment Telephone Exchange used in the field, and working with a wide variety of shoes to learn about various approaches to repairing them. Automatic exchanges, or dial service, came into existence in the early 20th century. Their purpose was to Blacksmith A blacksmith is a metalsmith who creates objects from wrought iron or steel by forging the metal, using tools to hammer, eliminate the need for human bend, and cut (cf. whitesmith). Blacksmiths produce objects such as gates, grilles, railings, light fixtures, furniture, switchboard operators who sculpture, tools, agricultural implements, decorative and religious items, cooking utensils and weapons. completed the connections required Blacksmiths work by heating pieces of wrought iron or steel until the metal becomes soft enough for for a telephone call. Automation shaping with hand tools, such as a hammer, anvil and chisel. Heating generally takes place in a forge fuelled by propane, replaced human operators with natural gas, coal, charcoal, coke or oil. electromechanical systems and telephones were equipped with a Chimney sweep dial by which a caller transmitted the A chimney sweep is a worker who clears ash and soot from chimneys. The chimney uses the destination telephone number to the pressure difference caused by a hot column of gas to create a draught and draw air over the hot automatic switching system. coals or wood enabling continued combustion. Boys as young as four climbed hot flues that could be as narrow as 81 square inches. Work was dangerous and they could get jammed in the flue, suffocate or burn to death. The climbing boys, and sometimes girls, were technically called chimney sweeps' apprentices, and were apprenticed to a master sweep, who, being an adult, was too large to fit into a chimney or flue. He would be paid by the parish to teach orphans or paupers the craft. The Paperboy It was generally agreed that six was a good age to train a boy. Though Lord Shaftesbury once encountered one of the age of four, they were considered to be too weak. Paperboy (and less commonly Soot was valuable and could be sold for 9d a bushel in 1840. An apprentice would do four or five Papergirl) was an iconic role of chimneys a day. When they first started they scraped their knees and elbows, so the master would youngsters, often their first job. This harden up their skin by standing them close to a hot fire and rubbing in strong brine using a brush. has often been a before-school or after-school job for adolescents. The In 1803, it was thought by some that a mechanical brush could replace a climbing boy. number of paperboys has all but The history of sweeping in the United States varies little from that in the United Kingdom. finished nowdays. Paperboys have Differences arise from the nature of housing and the political pressures. Early settler houses were built close together out of wood, so when one burnt it spread quickly to neighbouring properties. been phased out with the This caused the authorities to regulate the design of flues. From an early date, fire wardens and inspectors were availability of news and newspapers appointed. on the internet, employment laws and The first mechanical sweeping machine was invented by George Smart in 1803 but was resisted in the UK and the US. concern about the safety of John Glass marketed an improved sweeping machine in 1828; he is credited with being the inventor of the modern un-escorted children, all of which have chimney sweep's brush. led many newspapers to switch to delivery by adults. Careless climbing boys could get stuck with their knees jammed against their chins. The harder they struggled the tighter they became wedged. They could remain in this position for many hours until they were pushed out from below or pulled out with a rope. If they're struggling caused a fall of soot they would suffocate. Dead or alive the boy had to be removed and this would be done by removing bricks from the side of the chimney.

30 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 31 with the consumer, so take advantage! If the retailer attractive in a new year. room for a lower price – or at least an extra Seasonal & Stocktake Sales is willing to break even on a sale, why wouldn't you accessory/option or two. want the profit to end up in your pocket?! However, while manufacturers and their dealers all End-of-Financial-Year Sales. What’s All The Fuss have targets they want to hit before the financial or Advantages of buying now? About? With the uncharacteristically warm start to calendar year concludes, a more urgent need for a Winter, retailers also have excess stock, and you vehicle doesn’t necessarily mean you need to miss Retailers have already opened their doors and Remember when the biggest day on the retail can grab some great bargains when it comes to out on a good deal. websites to shoppers keen to save money on calendar was the Boxing Day sales? Well now the Winter clothing, accessories, heaters, electrical anything from cookware and computers to fashion end of financial year seems to be giving the whole blankets and more. If you can brave the cold for the Dealers also have monthly and quarterly targets, so and fragrances. Christmas period a run for its money. So, what's all next few weeks, you'll definitely be seeing Winter visiting showrooms in, say, the last week of March, the fuss about? And why should you be preparing stock on sale! June, September and December could potentially It’s all in the planning if you want to get the most out yourself for some mega-bargains this June? deliver you a double-whammy. of the sales, make a list of who you want to buy for So, if you’re having last minute panic about getting and the things you need, then do the legwork before When June 30 rolls around, there are a few things your tax in order, take a deep breath and remember Many car makers – and dealers – also list offers you step foot in the shops. you need to be aware of. Firstly, it's tax time. Yep, that the retailers are even more panicked than you continuously on their websites, so be sure to that major headache. Did you swear to yourself that are! It’s not often that you have the upper hand, so research online. You can compare prices and check that your local you'd be more prepared this financial year and have enjoy it while it lasts. outlets have the items you want. That way, you’re all your documentation neatly organised and ready In early 2016, for example, the Hyundai i30 was less likely to be swayed by impulse buys and you will to file? Yep, me too. Did it happen? Nope, not for me Put it in your diary – offered with a special $19,990 driveaway price for a save money and time. either. So while you're procrastinating sitting down End-of-Financial-Year-is-Coming few months – a deal that temporarily propelled the and attending to all that paperwork, take a deep hatchback to the top of the nation’s sales charts. There are so many reasons why it pays to shop for breath and remind yourself that the end of financial Are you looking to get a great deal on a car Christmas during the mid-year sales, buying year isn't just about stressing about your tax return, purchase? And if you have a preferred brand, it’s worth noting Christmas presents early means you stagger it's also about shopping. Wait, what? That's right. some carmakers stage special annual sales events payments through a lay-by system; you miss the The end of financial year is a period of busy activity – and not necessarily based around end of financial/ huge Christmas crowds; and you get genuine For retail businesses, end of financial year is all for car manufacturers as they launch campaigns calendar year. savings. about moving as much stock as possible before the advertising enticing deals on some or all their fiscal year draws to a close. So what does that mean models – usually restricted to private buyers only. Regardless of when special offers are being offered, for you? If you've been holding off on a big purchase, it’s still worth trying to negotiate an even better deal. now is the time to price compare. When June comes Offers can range between discounted driveaway Industry insiders say margins are still typically built around, you can get some massive savings. pricing, extra free features, or free ownership costs – into offers, which means there is potential wriggle such as extended warranties, servicing and The end of financial year is the perfect time to start registration.Industry sales figures indeed reveal June shopping for household goods including manchester, as historically the best-performing month, though the electrical and homewares. So whether you're in the end of the calendar year is another potential bargain market for a new fridge or a new television, now is hot-spot. the time to pounce on a great deal. In November and December, dealers are keen to For retailers, end of financial year means moving clear remaining stock of current-model-year stock is the priority. It's not often that the power lies vehicles, as last-year build plates become less

32 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 33 What were the first domesticated animals?

Drones in Agriculture Dogs were the first animals to be domesticated, c. 12,500 Agriculture is gradually becoming a huge area of growth BC. They were descended from wild wolf cubs that had in the drone industry. The DJI Agras MG-1 has been learned to live with human families, who fed and petted designed for agricultural use. The Agras MG-1 enables them. By 10,000 BC, hunters were managing wild herds farmers to spray crops using 10 litres of liquid at a time, of gazelle, sheep, and goats, watching over them and allowing them to spray between seven and ten acres killing the weakest for food. Around 7500 BC, farmers an hour. This drone is over 40 times more efficient than were taking the best animals from their herds to breed manual spraying, as well as being able to capture highly them for meat and milk. accurate images of fields allowing farmers to determine things like the health of their crops. HOW DID PEOPLE BECOME BETTER FARMERS? DJI Drones are suitable for beginners and first-time pilots, through to high-level aerial photographer​s and By around 9000 BC, people were storing grains during cinematograp​hers. DJI Drones are now available from the winter, then sowing them in specially cleared plots. Country IT in Casino. By 8000 BC, the farmers had discovered which grains gave the best yields and selected these for planting. They PHANTOM 3 produced more food than they needed and were able to feed non-farmers such as craftworkers and traders. The Standard farmers exchanged their food for various kinds of useful Your Phantom 3 Standard stays stable and under your or decorative goods. control at all times during flight. After takeoff, it automaticall​y hovers in place, waiting for your command. HOW DID FARMING CHANGE PEOPLE’S LIVES? It then effortlessly changes altitude or direction at the flick of a finger. When you want it to stop, it again pauses and Before farming, people lived by hunting wild animals and hovers, waiting for your next instruction. gathering wild plants. When supplies ran out, these hunt- er-gatherers moved on. Farming meant that people did PHANTOM 3 not need to travel to find food. Instead, they began to live in settled communities, and grew crops or raised animals Advanced on nearby land. They built stronger, more Your Phantom 3 Advanced fits into your life and makes permanent homes and surrounded their settlements with flying remarkably intuitive and easy. From takeoff to walls to protect themselves. landing, it's completely under your control, responding to your commands while automaticall​y handling the most TIMELINE OF EARLY FARMING complex aspects of safe, stable flight. 9000 BC Wheat/barley, Fertile Crescent PHANTOM 4 8000 BC Potatoes, South America 7500 BC Goats/sheep, Middle East Best An advanced stereo Vision Positioning System (VPS) 7000 BC Rye, Europe gives the Phantom 4 precise hovering, even without 6000 BC Chickens, South Asia satellite positioning support, making it easier and safer 3500 BC Horse, West Asia to fly. The VPS also allows it to brake instantly and hover 3000 BC Cotton, South America when joystick controls are released. If disturbed during a 2700 BC Corn, North America hover, it will track the Phantom 4's movement and return it to its original hovering point. Advertorial

www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 35 AUSTRALIAN TRACTORS seems that the Temora tractor, Charolais History the continuing use of French/UK bulls. New Zealand also serial number l0, was one of was ahead of Australia in numbers of purebred animals the first batch of 25 Illinois trac- One of the oldest of the several breeds of French cattle, and many animals were imported to Australia. JELBART tors imported in 1924 and all of Charolais was developed in the district around Charolles Early stock imported to Australia were carefully selected, Frank and George Jelbart registered their business in the batch had a cooling system in Central France. The breed became established there which has since meant that the modern Australian Ballarat, Victoria in 1911. They problem, being prone to boiling and achieved considerable regard as a producer of highly Charolais is extremely well suited to our conditions. Within had been working on their air when working under rated meat in the markets at Lyon and Villefranche in the just ten years of the first crossbred calf being born in scavenger engine for some unfavourable conditions. To 16th and 17th centuries. There also is historical evidence Australia, the breed was recognised by commercial and time and took out a patent in overcome the problem that these white cattle were being noticed as early as 878 stud producers alike for its top performance. 1909. They produced one of Ronaldson Bros and Tippett A.D. The cattle were generally confined to that area until In 1980, Charolais proved they were indeed a force to Australia's first combustion made an oversize radiator, incorporating a very large top after the French Revolution. However, in 1773, Claude be reckoned with when they won the prestigious Hordern engines and within a few years tank onto which they cast their name. Mathieu, a farmer and cattle breeder from the Charolles Trophy for the first time. Several more wins in this had several models available. region, moved to the Nievre province, taking with him his competition and many more Interbreed wins around Around 1914 they fitted one of Ronaldson Tippett TractorIn other words they re-badged herd of Charolais. Australia, including an unrivaled 13 wins at Brisbane Roy- the engines to their first tractor the tractors. Tractor No l0 was dispatched to a Temora The breed flourished there, so much so that the improved al, have confirmed that Charolais are unbeatable for depth and continued producing them farmer on 8th October l924. It was presented to the cattle were known more widely as Nivernais cattle for a of quality. Their correctness, growth for age, masculinity until the mid 1920's. They were Temora Rural Museum by Mr Bob Dunn, of Temora, in time than by their original name of Charolais. One of the in males, and femininity and milking ability in females can all basically the same but were good working condition. It is not known if he was the early influential herds in the region was started in 1840 by not be surpassed by any breed. fitted with a variety of their original purchaser. These tractors were known as "Super the Count Charles de Bouile. His selective breeding led Since dominating the show ring, Charolais continue to be innovative engines. A peculiarity Drives" which probably referred to the somewhat unique him to set up a herd book in 1864 for the breed at his recognised in the commercial market place. In 2005, over of one of these engines was the transmission which consisted of a planetary final drive on stable at Villars near the village of Magny-Cours. $10 Million worth of Charolais bulls were sold at public stepped piston that was used. The firm had its financial the rear wheels and a quick change set of cogs under a Breeders in the Charolles vicinity established a herd book auctions around the Country, demonstrating the problems but continued for several years in a small way cover on the side of the in 1882. The two societies merged in 1919, with the older importance and relevance of this great breed of cattle. transmission housing. Having an assortment of various organisation taking the records of the later group into their (This increase to almost $12 Million in 2006). after tractor production ceased in about 1926. size cogs it was possible to change the gear ratio of the headquarters at Nevers, the capital of the Nievre Charolais sired calves are continually comanding top tractor in a few minutes. The tractor also had a gear lever province. prices in the saleyards, while commercial cattlemen “in RONALDSON TIPPET that gave two forward speeds as well as a reverse. The In Australia Charolais were the first European breed to the know” are using Charolais and selling the progeny The Ronaldson brothers started to produce farm Illinois-cum Ronaldson Tippett was a made up job using a enter Australia, by way of semen imports from the UK, directly to feedlotters and abattoirs, who are paying machinery in 1903, Jack Tippett joined them in 1905. They Wisconsin l8-30 HP engine with a bore of 5" and stroke of and live animals from New Zealand, in 1969. In Australia, premiums for their growth and yield attributes. produced some of Australia's earliest internal combustion 6". The transmission was their numbers grew from the first calf, born in 1970, until The Charolais ability to sire consistent carcasses is also engines including the Austral brand, by the early 1920's manufactured by Foote Bros and the wheels by the there are now about 19,000 active registered breeding being proved again and again, indicated by the they had produced over 4000 engines. They Electric Wheel Co of Illinois. Like many other tractors and females in the Australian herdbook and 800 members eagerness of processors to source Charolais sired calves. experimented with tractors as early as 1910 but it was not machines the Illinois had its own very disconcerting Australia wide. The quality of these carcasses has been proved on until the mid 1920's that they introduced their Super Drive peculiarity. The foot brake, while reasonable effective, Australian Charolais continued to develop with the numerous occasions, with Charolais carcasses winning tractor.(see story below) They also imported the became immediately ineffective when the gear lever was introduction of Charolais semen from Canada, as well as Grand Champion awards at prominent carcass Wisconsin engines and later made them under license, placed in neutral. I first discovered this unusual trait when competitions. they produced a lot of engines for WW2 and by the end unloading the tractor on a long slope in the railway goods of the war were Australia's largest engine manufacturer. yard. The tractor took off as soon as I put it out of gear. They ceased making tractors in the late 1930's and Ronaldson Bros and Tippett went on to manufacture a continued making engines until 1972. replica of the Illinois, starting with their own serial number of 101. It is thought they made over 400 Super Things are not always as they seem and this could apply Drive tractors and ceased production about l939. The later to the Vintage Ronaldson Tippett tractor which is part of models were fitted with pneumatic tyres but apart from a the large collection at the Temora Rural Museum. few minor improvements to the governor and the fitting Actually the only part that is Ronaldson Tippett is the of a power take-off there was little change in design from oversize cast iron radiator with Ronaldson Tippett cast the original Illinois. The Super Drives were a simple, but into its ample front area. The tractor is in reality, a 1924 rugged tractor, easy to start and the slow revving motor American "Illinois", one of 73 tractors imported by governed at 900 RPM was capable of lugging a heavy Ronaldson Bros and Tippett of Ballarat, Victoria, who load. Even with its lack of frills, it is a delightful machine to were heavily involved in the manufacture of Australian drive. oil engines and a variety of high grade farm machinery. It more Australian Tractor history next month in Heartland

36 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 37 Gardening tips for winter: GARDENING In winter, plants find the colder months more hard going Now to backfilling the hole, first grab soil that is suitable RainfedSlater Farms Rice for them to grow and to stay alive. Here are some helpful for roses and fill it to tips to help protect your garden through winter. halfway, then water well If you have potted plants that love the warmth or are and press down and tropical type plants, move them to a protected area such around the roots. After as a veranda, porch or terrace. For plants that are in your that is drained for 15-20 garden or are too heavy to move, spray them with a minutes, fill in the rest of recommended stress guard or place frost protect cloth the hole and then water it over the top of your garden bed. lightly. Don’t put fertiliser in the hole as this will When watering your potted plants, in winter they don’t likely burn the roots that require the same amount of water you give them in the are newly developing. warmer climates, so reduce the amount of water you give Recommended to use them throughout the colder months. To help not shock the good seaweed fertiliser roots with freezing cold water, mix a little bit a hot water in June and July, has it is with it until it’s lukewarm to touch. great for conditioning the soil, working gently and helps Slater Farms - Rainfed Rice If your gardens soil has drainage problems, grab your the plant settle in and grow the new roots which will be garden fork and push vertical holes into the heavier soils ready for spring. When Richmond Valley farmers Brett and Karen Slater planted their first crop of Rainfed Rice back in 2008 and create surface drains, this will help take away any there was only one other rice producer on the Northern Rivers. Less than 10 years later, that number is up excess moisture. Why, when and how to prune roses in winter: between 20 and 30. When pruning back your roses, winter is the best time to If you have clay soils, use a recommended Gypsum and do so. Recommended to do it in late July or August is the dig into the clay soil anywhere possible. The Gypsum will Back then, the Slaters realised that if they were going to grow rice on their Fairy Hill farm they would have to best time. Don’t prune your rose bushes during when it help combine the clay particles together and allow air into is frosty outside, as this will damage your roses. When have their own mill as the closest was down in the Riverina in southern NSW. the spaces between the particles and help excess water pruning your roses bushes, cut them back to minimum to drain away. If you have thick layers of mulch on your of one-third of the stem, this will get rid of the clutter and “There was a standalone mill but it was very primitive,” Brett said. “It took six months but in 2010 we had our garden beds, it will make the soil remain cold and damp mess and make a fresh start for the roses to grow back to own mill up and running to process our second crop.” throughout winter and maybe further into spring. To make a basic structure. sure that doesn’t happen, remove some of the thickness The mill can clean and dehusk up to three tonnes of brown rice an hour and can package anything from of the mulch to allow the sun to access and help warm up What to do if your roses have blackspot? 20kg sacks to 1200kg bulk bags. your soil. Black spot is commonly spread by infected spores, these can easy be carried by water splashes and can just take He added the farm had just started to bag up the byproduct from the process – rice hulls – which can be If your Garden Beds have Structure frames around them, hold just after 6-7 hours by staying on the leaves. To treat they can get easily damaged by the cold or frost. To help, used as stable bedding, stockfeed roughage and garden mulch. Black spot use Lime sulphur all through winter to help throw a piece of cloth or plastic material over the top in prevent it occurring back in spring time. the evenings to protect them overnight. Remove the “We’re hoping to sell it as another value-added product,” he said. material in the mornings to make sure the plants don’t What to do to make roses last longer in winter for heat up in the sun. spring: Slater Farms successfully produces a range of Demeter-certified biodynamically grown crops including Roses love rich organic matters, but in winter it’s too hard Tachiminori brown rice, chick peas and soya beans that are distributed to health food stores nationally. Roses: Winter Tips for them to get their maximum strength to grow from it. So, to help your rose However, having the only rice mill on the Northern Rivers has proved a value-added bonus as the local What to do if you are planting roses in winter: bushes just industry surged in recent years. When planting roses from its bare roots, first soak them loosen the top soil in a bucket of water with seaweed solution for a least two and remove any “There’s a push to get rice going in the area - with our high summer rainfall it makes sense”, Brett said. hours. When planting the roots dig a small hole and make weeds. Towards the a mound. end of August use Carefully place the roots over and down around the Brett predicted Northern Rivers farms would produce about 2000 tonnes of rice this year and expected that some fertiliser to mound. With the Bud union, it must be facing either west boast their growth number would only continue to increase in the years ahead. or north and sitting 3-5cm above the ground. for spring. “We have the capacity to expand our milling,” he said. “It would just mean more days in the week.”

www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 39 Health & Beauty Natural Products

The powerful combination of active ingredients in Skin Care cosmeceutical products actually improves the Surprising Benefits of Coconut Oil condition of the skin and its underlying health Healing and Infections: When applied to infected areas, Skincare Classifications – Cosmetic versus Coconut oil has several benefits such as skin care, hair Cosmedical Defined as the link between a cosmetic and a care, weight loss, treating yeast infections, improving coconut oil forms a chemical layer that protects the pharmaceutical, cosmeceuticals were the new breed infected body part from external dust, air, fungi, bacteria With so many genres of skin products available on the digestion and immunity against a host of infections and market today, consumers and skin professionals alike of medically engineered products that began to diseases. and viruses. Coconut oil is highly effective on bruises emerge in the early 1980s. because it speeds up the healing process of damaged are bombarded with multitudes of claims, promises and tissues. efficacies. Skin care: Coconut oil is an excellent massage oil that With the discovery and patenting of Alpha Hydroxy acts as an effective moisturizer on all types of skin, So what is the difference? Acids around this time, cosmeceuticals still to this including dry skin. Unlike mineral oil, there is no chance Stress relief: Coconut oil is very soothing and hence it of having any adverse side effects on the skin from the helps in removing stress. Applying it to the head, followed day, generally combine the power of both Glycolic by a gentle massage, helps to eliminate mental fatigue. Cosmetics and Lactic Acids with other actives such as Retinol application of coconut oil. Therefore, it is a safe solution A cosmetic can be classed maintains the surface of the for preventing dryness and flaking of skin. It also delays Diabetes: Coconut oil helps in controlling blood sugar, and antioxidants to create long lasting results and improves the secretion of insulin. It also promotes the skin. Including cleansers, toners, masks and moisturisers, the appearance of wrinkles and sagging of skin, which this category of products are often found in supermarkets, beyond the surface of the skin. normally accompany aging. effective utilization of blood glucose, thereby preventing and treating diabetes. department stores and include many professional beauty ranges. Usually available in medical practices and Hair care: Coconut oil helps in healthy growth of hair and professional skin clinics, Cosmeceuticals are best gives your hair a shiny quality. It is also highly effective in Bones: As mentioned earlier, coconut oil improves the prescribed by a skin professional. ability of our body to absorb important minerals. These Unable to pass through the stratum corneum to access reducing protein loss, which can lead to various the deeper layers of the skin, cosmetics have no real unattractive or unhealthy qualities in your hair. include calcium and magnesium, which are necessary for Monthly by the development of bones. ability to create any structural changes or to deliver any long term results for treatment of more aggressive skin MBT Weight loss: Coconut oil is very useful for weight loss. Boosts Energy: Coconut oil is often used by athletes, issues such as acne, photo-damage, hyperpigmentation It contains short and medium-chain fatty acids that help or severe sensitivity. For this reason, it is rare to see a in taking off excessive weight. Research suggests that body builders and by those who are dieting. The reason behind this being that it contains less calories than other cosmetic range prescribed in a medical or paramedical coconut oil helps to reduce abdominal obesity in women. skin environment. It is also easy to digest and it helps in healthy functioning oils, its fat content is easily converted into energy, and it of the thyroid and endocrine system. does not lead to accumulation of fat in the heart and arteries. Coconut oil helps boost energy and endurance, Cosmeceuticals and generally enhances the performance of athletes. Immunity: It strengthens the immune system because it Represent the marriage of cosmetics and contains antimicrobial lipids, lauric acid, capric acid and pharmaceuticals. caprylic acid, which have antifungal, antibacterial and Coconut oil and Alzheimer’s disease: The research antiviral properties. conducted by Dr. Newport states that the oil is useful in treating Digestion: Internal functions of coconut oil occur Alzheimer’s primarily due to it being used as cooking oil. It helps to disease. Apart improve the digestive system and thus prevents various from this there stomach and digestion-related problems including irritable is no scientific bowel syndrome. evidence or traditional Dental care: Calcium is an important component of our knowledge of teeth. Since coconut oil facilitates absorption of calcium coconut oil being by the body, it helps in developing strong teeth. It also used for treating stops tooth decay. Recent research suggests that coconut Alzheimer’s. oil is beneficial in reducing plaque formation and plaque In fact, it is not induced gingivitis. traditionally thought that the oil helps in boosting the function of the brain in any form.

40 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 41 Grafton WINTER WARMERS As the thriving commercial hub of the Clarence Valley, Explore the rich history of the city and Grafton has a range of quality accommodation including surrounding area through one of the Beef Stroganoff with Rice motels, B&Bs, self-contained apartments, hotels and cara- many museums open to the public. van parks. There is great shopping, award-winning Alumny Creek School Museum set in restaurants and smorgasbord of entertainment from the magnificent grounds has a beautifully Ingredients: many pubs and clubs. restored school that recreates a slice of 19th century life. 500g Beef strips Before European settlement, the Clarence River marked the border between the Bundjalung and Gumbaynggirr One of Australia's most majestic water- 2 teaspoons butter peoples, and so descendants of both language groups ways, the Clarence River is a dominant 1 small brown onion, halved, thinly sliced can now be found in the Grafton region. feature in Grafton's landscape and 1 garlic clove, crushed lifestyle. Visitors travel from all over the The Murwillumbah – Byron Bay – Lismore railway world to compete in dragon boat, sail, 2 teaspoons sweet paprika (opened in 1894) was and power boat racing. 250g button mushrooms, sliced extended to Grafton's 250ml (1 cup) hot water original railway station in Grafton Bridge - Did you know? 1905. The North Coast 1 Massel beef style stock cube, crumbled Line reached South The upper level of the bridge supports a two way road for traffic 1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce Grafton's railway station via Bent Street (Summerland Way), and its lower level supports 1 tablespoon tomato paste from Sydney in 1915. a rail bridge that carries the North Coast railway line, a water Pending the opening of main, and footbridges on either side. 300g (1 1/2 cups) white long-grain rice the combined road and 85g (1/3 cup) sour cream A bridge over the Clarence River in Grafton was first conceived rail bascule bridge in in 1915. The original design called for a railway bridge with a 1 tablespoon coarsely chopped fresh flat-leaf 1932, Grafton had a train footway, but in 1922 the design was changed to accommodate parsley ferry to connect the two railways. vehicular traffic as well. There is provision for a second track across the bridge but at this time it is being used as an Method Grafton also lies on the Pacific Highway, the main easement for a water main. The Grafton Bridge was built by North–South road route through Eastern Australia, and Dorman Long and opened in 1932 by the Governor-General of links it to the Gwydir Highway, one of the primary Australia, Sir Isaac Isaacs. Step 1 East-West routes through Eastern Australia. The bascule span was operational from its opening in 1932 until Heat a large non-stick frying pan over high heat. Add half the beef and cook, stirring, for 1969.The bascule can no longer be raised due to an added 3 minutes or until brown. Transfer to a heatproof bowl. Repeat with remaining beef. Grafton is known and promoted as the Jacaranda City, water main. With the decline in shipping along the Clarence River, the opening span was sealed shut and it can no longer be in reference to its tree-lined streets and to the annual Step 2 opened. Melt butter in same pan over medium-high heat until foaming. Add the onion, garlic and paprika Jacaranda Festival. Inaugurated in 1935, Jacaranda is and cook, stirring, for 5 minutes or until onion softens. Add the beef, mushrooms, hot water, held each October/November. A half-day public holiday is Local legend has it that the blind corner on the northern end of observed locally on the first Thursday of November, the stock cube, Worcestershire sauce and tomato paste. Bring to the boil. Reduce heat to low and bridge is because the roadway across the top of the bridge was Festival's focal day. Grafton has a humid subtropical originally intended to connect with Pound Street. According to simmer, covered, for 45 minutes or until beef is tender. climate with the legend, a local councillor of the time owned a hotel on Step 3 significantly more Fitzroy Street and wouldn't support building the bridge until the Meanwhile, cook rice in a saucepan of salted boiling water following packet directions until rainfall and higher design was amended to connect with Fitzroy Street, directing tender. temperatures in traffic past his establishment, hence the unique kink in the north- summer than in ern roadway ramp. Step 4 winter. Grafton like Stir sour cream into beef mixture until just combined. Remove from heat. many NSW regional Contemporary news reports suggest that public opinion favoured the Fitzroy St approach eventually chosen, as opposed to a Step 5 centres, is possible Pound St approach, as a matter of cost and so as to Place rice in a serving bowl and top with beef stroganoff and parsley. affected by direct visitors to Grafton's main street rather than "through a lot heatwaves in the of backyards." summer months. Basic Scones Preheat the oven to 220°C. Grafton is the birthplace of several renowned country Regardless of the truth of the legend, a more practical Ingredients Melt your butter and set aside. music players. Local artist Troy Cassar-Daley received explanation for the kinks either side of the bridge is that the Sift the flour and salt into a large mixing bowl. Or you four Golden Guitar awards at the 2006 Tamworth Country roadway has to clear the railway line below it, necessitating the can add them to a large mixing bowl and aerate with a Music Awards—the largest and most prestigious country bends in the bridge. 2 cups self-raising flour whisk. music awards in Australia. At the same event Samantha 1⁄2 teaspoon salt Slowly add the milk and butter to the flour. Work the McClymont, the 2005/2006 Grafton Jacaranda Queen and The bends themselves present something of a dangerous situation for wide vehicles attempting to cross the bridge, and for 2 tablespoons butter, melted milk and butter in with a knife using a cutting action. sister of Brooke McClymont, also received an award for Do not knead the dough. travellers unaccustomed to the nuisance, which locals navigate 1 cup milk her country music talent. at some speed, since the high iron sides of the narrow bridge Place on a lightly floured tray and gently roll to about obscure vision and threaten to prevent traffic flow if encountered 5cm thick. Cut with a 5 cm scone cutter or the top of a A vision of Grafton with its numerous brilliantly-flowered by the vehicle. narrow glass. trees in bloom is immortalised in Australian popular Place close together on a baking tray and lightly brush music in Cold Chisel's song Flame Trees, written by band As a result of this, it is often necessary for smaller vehicles to the tops with a little extra milk. member Don Walker, who had lived in Grafton during his stop prior to the bends to make way for larger vehicles which are Bake 10-15 minutes. formative years. unable to negotiate the bends while remaining in their own lane. Do you have an old family Recipe that you'd like to share? Email it to [email protected]

www.heartlandmedia.com.au Call 1300 679 787 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 43 3. To remove furniture indentations from pure wool carpet place a tea towel over the area and then press with a warm iron. The heat will lift the fibres. Do not attempt this with synthetic or a wool/synthetic mix carpet. Local 4. Light a match and let it burn a few seconds to remove toilet smells.

5. To stop bathroom mirrors steaming up, regularly rub a Home Cleaning Tips dry bar of soap over the surface and rub in with a clean cloth. Markets How to Clean Shower Doors Refresh your shower doors—including those tricky to 6. Stop clothes with thin straps falling off hangers by reach corners—with this simple routine and easy-to-make sticking small felt furniture pads onto the hanger just cleaning solution from Michael Dimopoulos, a Thumbtack beyond where the straps sit. House Cleaner and the founder of Lazy Susans Cleaning. Weekly Markets 7. To remove oil from silk clothing, gently rub cornflour Every FIRST Saturday The best part—there's no heavy duty scrubbing involved into the area and lightly brush off. Cover the oil mark Lismore Organic Market: Murwillumbah Cottage Market: 8am-1pm and it only takes a few minutes from start to finish. completely with more cornflour and leave to sit for a few Every Tuesday, 7:30am–11am hours. Shake clothing free of flour and then hand wash, 1. First, make the homemade cleaning solution by or use a gentle machine cycle, using soap suitable for Every FIRST Sunday delicates. Murwillumbah Farmers Market: Lismore Car Boot Market: 7:30am-2pm combining 1 cup of white vinegar and 3/4 cup of Dawn Ultra Concentrated Dishwashing Liquid in a spray bottle. Every Wednesday, 7am–11am 2. Spray the mixture on shower doors and let it sit for 1-2 8. To keep spiders or any other nasty surprises out of Every SECOND Saturday minutes. shoes you keep outside, (such as your gardening shoes or work boots), place old stockings over the top of them. Nimbin Farmers Market: Byron Flea Market: 8am-1pm 3. Rinse with hot water and then wipe down doors with a Every Wednesday, 3pm–6pm paper towel. Make sure the stockings don’t have holes in them, and if Woodburn Markets: 8am-3pm 4. Give the corners of a shower door a thorough clean- they don’t fit snugly over the top, use an elastic band to secure them. Byron Farmers Market: ing with a paste made from bicarb soda and lemon juice. Every Thursday, 8am–11am Every SECOND Sunday Apply the paste with a toothbrush and scrub until grime dissolves. 9. To make candles last longer, cover with a plastic bag The Channon Craft Market: 9am-3pm and place in the freezer for 24 hours before lighting. Lismore Produce Market: Lennox Community Market: 8am-2pm The Best Way to Unclog a Drain Every Thursday, 3:30pm–7pm 10. To keep your car windows ice and frost free when left There's no need to waste a ton of money on a outside overnight in the wintertime, mix three parts Every THIRD Saturday professional plumber or chemical-packed products to vinegar to one part water, put it in a spray bottle and spray Mullumbimby Farmers Market: unclog your drain. Use these easy steps and DIY cleaning on the windows as needed. Every Friday, 7am–11am Lismore Recycled Market: 9am-2pm solution from Michael Dimopoulos, a Thumbtack House Mullumbimby Community Market: 7:30am-3pm Cleaner and the founder of Lazy Susans Cleaning, to 11. To prevent buttons from becoming loose or undone, Alstonville Farmers Market: Murwillumbah Cottage Market: 8am-1pm dislodge that blockage in no time. dab a little clear nail varnish on the top thread or onto the stem of the thread and leave to dry. Every Saturday, 8am–12pm 1. Create a mixture of 1/3 cup baking soda and 1/3 cup Every THIRD Sunday white vinegar in a measuring cup. Bangalow Farmers Market: 12. To remove pollen from the stamen of flowers, take a Ballina Market: 7am-1pm 2. Pour the solution down the drain immediately. The piece of sticky tape about five centimetres long, gently Every Saturday, 8am–11am fizzing will help to remove any grime or waste that's built press the sticky side to the pollen mark and lift off. Repeat Lismore Car Boot Market: 7:30am-2pm up in the pipe. Murwillumbah Market: 8am–1pm with clean sticky tape as required. Do not try to brush it Blue Knob Farmers Market: 3. Let it sit for at least one hour, or overnight if possible. off. Every Saturday, 8.30am–12pm Uki Buttery Bazaar Market: 8am–2pm 4. Once the solution has been in the pipe for at least an hour, flush it with hot water. 13. To reuse the bits of soap that are always left over, Byron Bay Saturday Artisan Market: Every FOURTH Saturday combine them with glycerine and some warm water. Pour For blocked bathtub or shower drains, follow the into a bottle for a handmade liquid soap. Every Saturday, 4pm–9pm Evans Head Riverside Market: 7:30am–1:30pm instructions above, but place the stopper over the drain once the solution has been poured into the pipe. After 14. To pick up small fragments of broken glass, press Kyogle Farmers & Crafts Market: the required time has passed, fill the bathtub with water pieces of bread onto the affected area. Every Saturday, 8am–12pm Every FOURTH Sunday (about 40-60 gallons worth) and then remove the stopper. Bangalow Market: 9am–3pm The pressure from the water should break up the 15. If you have an aquarium, save the water each time blockage. Lismore Farmers Market: Casino Riverside Markets: 9am-2:30pm you change it and water your house plants with it. It’s full of nutrients and makes a great fertiliser. Every Saturday, 8am–11am Kyogle Bazaar: 8am-2pm Top 12 best ever cleaning tips Nimbin Market: 8am–3pm From cleaning up broken glass to deterring pests or Uki Produce Market: tackling stains on clothes and furniture, we have 40 Every Saturday, 8am–12pm Every FIFTH Sunday simple, natural solutions that work. Interesting Facts Lennox Community Market: 8am–2pm Drake Hall Markets: 1. Eucalyptus oil removes the gummy residue left by shop Over 200 different languages and dialects are spoken Last Saturday of the month, 9am-2pm Nimbin Market: 8am–3pm stickers. in Australia including 45 Indigenous languages. The most common non-English spoken languages are 2. Buffing a marble tabletop with car polish leaves a thin, Italian, Greek, Cantonese, Arabic, Vietnamese and Ballina Missingham Farmers Market: invisible film that helps reduce the risk of stains. Every Sunday, 6am–12pm Mandarin. For more information, including locations, please visit our website If we have forgotten your community’s market, please contact us and let us know so we can include it in our next edition!

44 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 45 Close Your Eyes and Go Back In Time... Council Rangers 3. Dogs who go to the pound are Off leash area euthanised. False. Council has one of the best rehoming rates in NSW, around the 90 percent Before the Internet or the Apple Mac. There Were Two Types of Gym Uniforms margin. All dogs who remain unclaimed are put Before Semi-Automatics, Girls and Boys Rangers play a vital role in keeping our Terrorism and Crack... And the Only Time You Wore up for adoption through Council or one of the Before SEGA or Super Ninendo... Them at School was for P.E. community clean and safe many animal rescue and welfare groups which You knew Everyone on Your Street – actively support us. Some animals are Way Back...... And So Did Your Parents. I’m talking about It Wasn’t Odd to Have Two Council’s Rangers are on duty seven days a euthanised legally by a vet and these include Hide and Seek. Or Three “Best” Friends. week. They are contactable on 6660 0300 very sick or dying dogs, dangerous dogs, or Lunch Counters. You didn’t seep a Wink Jacks. On Christmas Eve. (excluding Christmas Day). restricted breeds which are not able to be Knock and Run. When Nobody Owned a Pure-Bred Dog. rehomed. Skipping. When 20 Cents was Decent Pocket Money. Rangers can assist in matters regarding parking, Handstands. When You’d Reach Into Hop Scotch. Two Cobbas For a cent. pollution, barking or stray dogs, building sites 4. The pound is a dark and gloomy Kick the Can. When Nearly Everyone’s working out of hours, abandoned vehicles Tag You’re It! Mum Was At Home place where dogs are miserable. False. While Peanuts, Archie, Pogo, Beetle Bailey and When The Kid’s Got There. (if unregistered), and stray stock. the pound could never replace the warm and Dennis the Menace. It was Magic When Dad Would comfortable surrounds of home, it does serve Weebles. “Remove” His Thumb. Hula Hoops, Swing Sets, When it was Considered a Great Privilege Rangers cannot assist in matters regarding as a temporary home where dogs are fed and Building Sand Castles. To Be Taken Out To Dinner at a Real speeding vehicles, violence, underage walked daily, and monitored for illness. The Smell of The Crisp Fall Air Restaurant with Your Parents. And Fresh Cut Grass. When Any Parent Could Discipline drinking, drainage or fallen trees on private Big Charlie Bubble Gum. Any Kid, or Feed Them property, electrical or gas supply emergencies. An Ice Cream Cone Or Use Them to Carry Groceries And For these matters contact Police, SES, or On a Warm Summer Night Nobody, Not even the Kid, From a Truck that Plays a Tune Thought a Thing of It. private contractors for emergency flooding or Airforce Beach’s off-leash area has been Chocolate or Vanilla or Strawberry or When Being Sent to the Principal’s Office fallen trees on private property. extended 165 metres south to the 4WD- Maybe Neopolitan Was Nothing or Perhaps a Shake or Malt Compared to the Fate that Awaited a access track, linking the residential area misbehaving student at home. Our Rangers attend hundreds of dog complaints adjacent to the corner of Terrace and Currajong Wait...... Basically, Watching Saturday Morning Cartoons We Were in Fear for Our Lives every year. Unfortunately some of these dogs streets. This section of Airforce Beach is one of Short Commercials, But it Wasn’t Because of end up at our pound. There is a lot of just two off-leash dog areas in Evans Head, and The Banana Splits, Drive-by Shootings, Drugs, Gangs etc. misconception about what happens when a Underdog, Scooby-Doo, Magilla Gorilla, Parents and Grandparents were a is the only beach in the Richmond Valley where The Flintstones or the Jetsons? Much Bigger Threat! Ranger comes in contact with a dog and dog owners can walk their dogs off-leash. The And ‘Schoolhouse Rock! – And Some Of Us Are hopefully this article will clarify some of those When Around the Corner Seemed Still Afraid Of Them!! other off-leash area borders the Fishermen’s Far Away and Going Into Town Didn’t that Feel Good? misconceptions. Co-Op. A large section of beach (around 700 Seemed like Going Somewhere. Just to go Back and Say, metres in distance) remains between the north Fireflies, Earth Worms, Daddy Longlegs Yeah, I Remember That! And Bee Stings. Sticky Fingers. Do You Remember? 1. When a Ranger comes in contact wall of the Evans River to the start of the Cops and Robbers, Cowboys Decisions were Made by Going with a dog it goes to the pound and fees apply off-leash area, providing good space for people And Indians, and Zorro. “Eeny, Meeny, Miny, Moe” Climbing trees. “Race Issue” Meant Arguing About to get it back. False. The first thing a Ranger will to use where there are no dogs or vehicles. Building Igloos Out of Snow Banks. Who Ran the Fastest. do is scan the dog for a microchip. If a Walking to School, Money Issues were Handled by microchip is found attempts will be made to ring No Matter What the Weather. Whoever was the Banker in “Monopoly”. Running Til You Were Out of Breath, The Worst Thing You Could Catch the contact numbers on the microchip. If there is Laughing so Hard That Your Stomach Hurt. From the Opposite Sex was Germs. no answer, next step is to visit the listed home Jumping on the Bed. Pillow Fights. And the Worst Thing in Your Day Spinning Around, Getting Dizzy Was Having to Sit Next to One. address if it local. Failing contact with an owner And Falling Down was Cause for Giggles. It Was Unbelievable the dog will then be taken to the pound. From That “Dodgeball” Being Tired From Playing...... Wasn’t an Olympic Event. the next day onwards fees apply in accordance Do You Remember? Having a Weapon in School, with standard pound practices in NSW. The Worst Embarrassment was Meant Being Caught with a Sling Shot. Being Picked Last for a Team. Nobody was Prettier than Mum. Water Balloons Scrapes and Bruises were Kissed 2. Dog owners will be fined by Were the Ultimate Weapon. And Made Better. Rangers if they come in contact with a roaming Football Cards Taking Drugs Meant Orange-Flavoured In the Spokes Transformed Chewable Aspirin. dog. False. Fines are used when Rangers come Any Bike into a Motorcycle. Ice Cream was Considered across the same dog multiple times, such as Banana Seats and Sissy Bars. A Basic Food Group Getting a Foot of Snow roaming the streets unaccompanied, and the I’m not finished just yet..... Was a Dream Come True. educational process with the owner has failed. Ice Cream Sandwiches. Older Siblings were the Worst Tormentors, Juice Pops. But Also the Fiercest Protectors. However, fines may apply if a dog has been Do You Remember? If You Can Remember Most or All of These, involved in an incident such as a dog attack. Then You Have LIVED.

www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 47 Movement for Life. Our body’s primary function is to keep us alive. It will do whatever it takes to make sure that we survive, that’s why when you are about to do something crazy that might injure yourself you get that nauseous feeling in your stomach. So as a Coach, it never ceases to amaze me when I see people that don’t move. They live a sedentary lifestyle and they suffer for it. They take years off their life. It also sets a bad example for their children.

I often compare the activity levels of my children. I have twin 17 year old girls and a boy who is almost 2. Their lives are totally different and society is to blame. My girls are so busy with their HSC and growing up that moving isn’t a priority. My son, on the other hand, isn’t sitting his HSC, therefore he doesn’t sit still much at all. He moves and moves and doesn’t stop. But it is the best thing for him. He has made all of us a bit more active as we are chasing him quite a bit.

We put too much emphasis on things that aren’t quite so important. Sure, education is important but what’s the point of being highly educated if we don’t have our health? We see too many mobility scooters these days and people retiring early because they didn’t take care of themselves. Our bodies need to move to keep us healthy and our joints mobile. Get off the couch, move and get more from life!

Rod McKey is Head Coach and Owner of Training For Warriors Casino, a gym in the Industrial Estate

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48 The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine // Call 1300 679 787 www.heartlandmedia.com.au www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 49 Grow Group:

Grow group is a Health Organisation and we run a small fun and friendly support groups to overcome anxiety, depression and improve mental health. run seven groups in regions. for more detail call 1800 558 268

Lion's Club Casino: Interesting idioms Bite the Bullet Mad as a Hatter Lion's Club meeting is held on the 2nd and 4th Wednesday each month at RSM from 6:30- 7:00. For more detail ring Dick Beattie on 6662 1009. Meaning: To accept something difficult or unpleasant Meaning: To be completely crazy

Square Dancing: Origin: In the olden days, when doctors were short on Origin: No, you didn’t already know this one, because it anesthesia or time during a battle, they would ask the didn’t originate from Lewis Caroll’s Alice in Wonderland. Square Dancing: a great way to meet new friends. Bright toe-tapping music. It's fun and healthy too. Singles and patient to bite down on a bullet to distract from the pain. Its origins date from the 17th and 18th centuries — well couples welcome. Club dances Wednesday nights. Contact Wilma on 6662 6647. The first recorded use of the phrase was in 1891 in The before Lewis Caroll’s book was published. In 17th century Light that Failed. France, poisoning occurred among hat makers who used Casino Vsion Impaired: mercury for the hat felt. The “Mad Hatter Disease” was Break the Ice marked by shyness, irritability, and tremors that would Support group for anyone who is blind or vision impaired e.g. Macular degeneration, glaucoma and cataracts. Meeting make the person appear “mad.” on the first Monday of each month at the Baptist Church hall at 10:00. Have an outing each month.Anyone can come Meaning: To break off a conflict or commence a who is there to support their partners, carers or family. For more details ring Denise Green on 0448 014 682. friendship. Cat got your Tongue?

The Casino Community Men's Shed: Origin: Back when road transportation was not developed, Meaning: Asked to a person who is at loss of words ships would be the only transportation and means of The Casino Community Men's Shed is open Mondays to Wednesdays, 8:30am to 2:00pm. Membership is open to trade. At times, the ships would get stuck during the winter Origin: The English Navy used to use a whip called males and females. For more information contact us on phone No. 02 6662 6423 or email us on because of ice formation. The receiving country would “Cat-o’-nine-tails” for flogging. The pain was so severe [email protected] or find us on Facebook. send small ships to “break the ice” to clear a way for the that it caused the victim to stay quiet for a long time. trade ships. This gesture showed affiliation and Another possible source could be from ancient Egypt, Kyogle Sunshine Club: understanding between two territories. where liars’ and blasphemers’ tongues were cut out and fed to the cats. (What a treat for the cats!) Meets every Thursday at 9:30am. In the Supper Room. Come and enjoy a day of fun, morning tea and lunch. All Butter someone up welcome. For more detail contact 0499 8242 274. Meaning: To impress someone with flattery Interesting Facts More than 80 percent of Australians live within 100 If you have something you would share on our Save the Date and are a non profit organisation, please send it through Origin: This was a customary religious act in ancient India. kilometres of the coast making Australia one of the to [email protected]. or pop in to Heartland Media office at 81 Walker Street, Casino NSW 2470 The devout would throw butter balls at the statues of their world's most urbanised coastal dwelling populations. gods to seek favor and forgiveness.

www.heartlandmedia.com.au Ph: 02 6662 6222 // The NSW Northern Rivers Heartland Magazine 51