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The Planetary Report (ISSN 0736-3680) Is Published Six Times Yearly at View of Our Second Decade

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The Planetary Report (ISSN 0736-3680) Is Published Six Times Yearly at View of Our Second Decade A Publication 01 THEPLANE~ SOCIETY o o o o o • 0-e Board of Directors FROIVI THE CARL SAGAN BRUC E MURRAY EDITOR President Vice President Director. Laboratory for Planetary Professor of Planetary Studies, Cornell University Science, California Institute of Technology LOUIS FRIEDMAN Executive Director JOSEPH RYAN O'Melveny & Myers MICHAEL COLLINS Apollo 11 astronaut STEVEN SPIELBERG director and producer THOMAS O. PAINE former Administrator. NASA HENRY J. TANNER ith this issue of The Planetary Re­ The Planetary Society is, first and fore­ Chairman, National financial consultant Commis$ion on Space Wport we mark the 10th anniversary most, a membership organization. Here Board of Advisors of The Planetary Society. I've heard it are some longtime members' views of DIANE ACKERMAN JOHN M. LOGSDON said that nobody cares about organiza­ The Society, its past and future. poet and author Director. Space Policy Institute, George Washington University tions' anniversaries, except their staffs Page 14-Asteroids in Your Future­ ISAAC ASIMOV author HANS MARK and boards. Still, every year, groups The three best known candidate asteroids Chancel/or, RICHARD BERENDZEN Universify of Texas System for spacecraft missions have all been dis­ educator and astrophysicist around the world celebrate their own exis­ JAMES MICHENER tences. covered by Eleanor Helin and her team. JACOUES BLAMONT author Chief Scientist, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiafes. MARVIN MINSKY We considered that opinion carefully The Planetary Society continues to sup­ France Toshiba Professor of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts and agreed that most anniversaries are port this productive project. RAY BRADBURY Institute of Technology poet and author simply glorifications of the past and can Page 16-Glimpses of a Goddess-Al­ ARTHUR C. CLARKE PHI LIP MORRISON fnstitute Professor. Massachusetts be pointless exercises in self-congratula­ though attention is now focused on Mag­ author fnstitute of Technology CORNELIS DE JAGER tion. But The Planetary Society is an or­ ellan as it begins its Venus mission, Earth­ Professor of Space Research. PAUL NEWMAN The Astronomica/ lnstitute at actor ganization that, in its very being, looks to based radar is still teaching us much about Utrecht, The Netherlands JUN NISHIMU RA the future. And that vision is one of the this neighboring world. FRANK DRAKE Direc/or-Generaf, Institute of Space Professor of Astronomy and and Astronautical Sciences. Japan grandest imaginable: We seek to make Page 19-5ister Worlds: Earth and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz BERNARD M. OLIVER Chief, SETI Program. possible a human future among the plan­ Venus-The Society has mounted an am­ LEE A. DUBRIDGE NASA/Ames Research Center former presidential ets and to answer an age-old question: Is bitious program to show how studies of science advisor SALLY RIDE Director, California Space InstilUle. human civilization alone in the universe? Earth's sister world have taught us much JOHN GARDNER Unwersity of California. San Diego founder. Common Cause and former astronaut So to mark our first decade, we have about our home planet. MARC GARNEAU ROALD Z. SAGDEEV chosen not to parade the Society'S accom­ Page 20-Seeding the Future-It is the Canadian astronaut former Director. Institute for Space Research. plishments before you or to recount a Society'S policy to seek out small projects GEORGIY GOLITSYN Academy of Sciences of the USSR Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR HARRISON H. SCHMITT history we share. Instead, we will look to­ where a little bit of "seed" money can former US Senator, NM THEODORE M. HESBURGH and Apollo 17 astronaut ward our next 10 years, drawing on our blossom into products and programs that President Emeritus, University of Notre Dame S. ROSS TAYLOR past experiences to set guideposts for 10 can shape the future. SH IRLEY M. HUFSTEDLER Professorial Fello w, Australian Page 22-Students: Help Send Us To­ educator and jurisl National Universify, Canberra more years of achievement. GARRY E. HUNT LEWIS THOMAS Page 3-The Next 10 Years-The Plan­ gether to Mars-The H. Dudley Wright space scientist. Chancellor; Memorial Sloan United Kingdom Kettering Cancer Center etary Society was born in 1980 from the International Student Contest, "Together SERG EI KAPITSA JAMES VAN ALLEN vision of Carl Sagan, Bruce Murray and to Mars," is designed to inspire the plane­ Institute for Physical Problems, Professor of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR University of Iowa Louis Friedman. Here they give us their tary scientists and engineers of tomorrow. The Planetary Report (ISSN 0736-3680) is published six times yearly at view of our second decade. Page 23-The Volunteer Network-A the editorial offices of The Planetary Society, 65 North Catalina Avenue, Pasadena. CA 9 11 06. (818) 793-5100. It is available to members of The Page 6-A Decade of SETI-In the crucial network of dedicated volunteers Planetary Society. Annual dues in the US or Canada are $25 US doliars or $30 Canadian. Dues outside the US or Canada are $30 (US). Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence the links Society members around the world. Editor, CHARLENE M. ANDERSON Society has made a truly significant con­ Page 24-World Watch-Planetary ex­ Technical Editor, JAMES D. BURKE Assistant Editor, DONNA ESCANDON STEVENS tribution. We sponsor the most powerful ploration and SETI face a political crisis. Copy Editor, MARY ELIZABETH WILLIAMS Page 26-News & Reviews-Clark Art Director, BARBARA SMITH continuous program on Earth today. Viewpoints expressed in columns or editorials are those of the authors and Page 8-The 1990s: A New Decade of Chapman has contributed to every issue do not necessarily represent positions 01 The Planetary Society, its officers or advisors. © 1990 by The Planetary Society. Discovery?-Throughout the 1980s our of The Planetary Report. In this column, In Canada. Second Class Mail Registration Number 9567 Boards of Directors and Advisors have he ponders the future of planetary science. Page 27-Society Notes-We announce COVER: A Voyager 1 portrait of Saturn appeared on been great sources of inspiration and help. the cover of the first Planetary Report. Ten years later, Here they share their visions of the 1990s. grants, fellowships, scholarships and a we print a recently created computer-mosaic of images Page 10-Flying Snakes on Mars-The new consultant in Washington, DC. captured by Voyager 2. These colors were generated by combining images taken through the blue, green Planetary Society is the first private orga­ Page 28-Q & A-Our most popular and ultraviolet filters on Voyager's camera, giving this nization to be an official member of a column returns with Titan's atmosphere, image a slightly purplish tint. Four satellites appear planetary mission. This is the story of our lo's volcanoes and threatening asteroids. with their parent planet; from left to right, Mimas and its shadow on Saturn, Tethys and its shadow, Dione SNAKE guide-rope for the Mars Balloon Page 31-An Invitation to All and Rhea. portion of the Soviets' Mars '94 mission. Members-Help us celebrate our an­ Image enhanced by Alfred S. McEwen and Tammy L. Becker, United States Geological Survey Page 12-0ur Members Remember- niversary.-Charlene M. Anderson The Planetary Societys Officers Look to its Future by Carl Sagan, Bruce Murray and louis D. Friedman ophecy is a lost art. We cannot pretend to know anniversary year, on what the organization can the future of our society or the future of the achieve in the next 10 years-not so much to predict, world's space program. Historically, estimates but to set guideposts for our activities. We are proud of what we will achieve in technology in the next few of our first decade. When we founded the Society, we years tend to be too optimistic and, in the next few imagined neither our phenomenal growth nor the decades, too pessimistic-the latter generally because wide range of our present undertakings. we cannot foresee major new scientific discoveries or Our first hope for the next 10 years might be for technological innovations. And, it is clear from recent success in one of our fundamental reasons for being: headlines, the world is changing fast-politically, the search for extraterrestrial life. Whether it were the economically and socially. Those changes clearly will discovery of a microfossil on Mars (unlikely in the affect the human future in space. next decade), the signature of proteins or nucleic At The Planetary Society we are focusing, in this acids on Jupiter or on a comet or in interstellar space, ~ RIGHT: Perhaps never before or since have the American people felt so much pride as when Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin set foot on the Moon. Indeed, al/ the peoples of Earth shared in their achievement. Such triumphs are or the detection of a radio signal from an still possible; there are other worlds where humans can alien civilization, that would surely be one walk. If the space faring nations of Earth work together, we of the most important scientific discover­ may someday see humans land on asterOids, Mars and ies in human history. perhaps other worlds. The Planetary Society would be very Photograph: /',lei! Armstrong, courtesy Johnson Space Center, NASA lucky to playa role in such a discovery, BELOW: The Soviet people have felt immense pride in but we are trying to make our own luck. their space program, often according heroic status to their For the foreseeable future, our organiza­ cosmonauts. Here a glorified cosmonaut spreads his arms over a church, representing the Russian past, and a crowd tion will be conducting the only serious of people celebrating their present and future achieve­ search for extraterrestrial life. With META ments in space. II soon to come "on-line" in Argentina Painting: Yuri Tsirkunov, from In the Stream of Stars (see pages 6-7), we will be searching for radio signals from the entire sky, from both celestial hemispheres.
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