DOCSLIB.ORG

The Elizabeth Hemings Site (44AB438)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Elizabeth Hemings Site (44AB438) Archaeological Investigation of the Elizabeth Hemings Site (44AB438) 100 6.08 Third Roundabout 5.58 50 5.08 4.58 4.08 3.58 3.08 0 2.58 2.08 1.58 1.08 -50 0.58 0.08 Total Artifact Density 50 100 150 200 250 300 (per square foot) 0 25 50 75 100 Feet by Fraser Neiman Leslie McFaden and Derek Wheeler DECEMBER 2000 MONTICELLO DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES NUMBER 2 Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................. ii List of Tables ................................................................. iv 1. Introduction ..................................................................1 Geographical Setting ............................................................ 2 2. The Documentary Record ......................................................7 Elizabeth Hemings .............................................................. 7 The Hemings Family ............................................................ 8 3. Fieldwork: Methods and Results ................................................ 11 Initial Testing and the 1995 Field Season ........................................... 11 The 1996 Field Season .......................................................... 12 Soils and Sediments ..................................................... 13 Architectural Features ................................................... 13 Architectural Patterns ................................................... 15 Cobble Scatter ......................................................... 18 Landscape Analysis ............................................................ 18 Microtopography ....................................................... 18 The Third Roundabout .................................................. 20 Site Structure ................................................................. 22 Cost Surface Modeling ................................................... 22 Spatial Patterns ................................................................ 24 Soil and Soil Chemistry .................................................. 24 Artifact Distributions .................................................... 33 Phytolith Analysis ....................................................... 38 4. Artifacts ...................................................................45 Ceramics ..................................................................... 45 Consumption Patterns for Plates, Tea Bowls and Saucers ...................... 47 Cost Implications of Ceramic Plate Discard Rates ............................ 49 Ceramic Ware Types and Vessel Shapes ..................................... 50 Glass ........................................................................ 52 Architectural Materials .......................................................... 52 Miscellaneous ................................................................. 53 5. Summary ..................................................................54 References ....................................................................55 Appendix I. Artifact Inventory ...................................................62 Appendix 2. Test Unit Locations .................................................99 i List of Figures Figure 1. Locator map for Monticello Mountain in Albemarle County, Virginia .................1 Figure 2. Locator map for Elizabeth Hemings site ........................................3 Figure 3. Thomas Jefferson’s plat of the mansion proper and roads including the four roundabouts (N-225) ........................................................4 Figure 4. Details of Jefferson plats showing Betty Hemings site location ......................6 Figure 5. Elizabeth Hemings’s family tree ...............................................9 Figure 6. Test units excavated during the 1995 and 1996 field seasons .......................12 Figure 7. Field school students excavating during the 1996 season ..........................13 Figure 8. Typical soil profile for the Elizabeth Hemings site ...............................14 Figure 9. Remains of the Elizabeth Hemings hearth ......................................14 Figure 10. East profile of chimney prop post hole located downhill of hearth feature ............15 Figure 11. Tidewater example of dwelling employing chimney props .........................15 Figure 12. Conjectural outline of Betty Hemings dwelling based upon archaeological evidence ....16 Figure 13. Cobble scatter possibly associated with field clearing .............................17 Figure 14. One-foot contour map of the Elizabeth Hemings Site ............................19 Figure 15. Percent slope map with superimposed two-foot contour map ......................20 Figure 16. Plan curvature map of topography surrounding the Elizabeth Hemings site ...........21 Figure 17. East profile of test trench excavated across the third roundabout ...................21 Figure 18. Cost surface contour map superimposed over percent slope map ...................23 Figure 19. H-plot summarizing the pattern of correlations among log-transformed element concentrations from the 10-foot interval soil samples, Wisconsin Lab ...............27 Figure 20. Contour map of the spatial pattern held in common in the distributions of Ca, K, and Mg, as estimated by principle component analysis. ............................28 Figure 21. Contour maps of the principle component scores for Ca, K, and Mg and of the distribution of P ...........................................................29 Figure 22. Contour maps of the principle component scores for Ca, K, and Mg and of the distribution of P ...........................................................31 Figure 23. Total artifact distribution map for all excavated test units at the Elizabeth Hemings site ......................................................................32 Figure 24. Total artifact density contour map for test squares around the Elizabeth Hemings house site ................................................................33 Figure 25. Distribution of wrought nails (top) and cut nails (bottom) at the Elizabeth Hemings site ......................................................................35 Figure 26. Distribution of construction nails (top) and finishing nails (bottom) at the Elizabeth Hemings site ..............................................................36 Figure 27. Distribution of pearlware (top) and creamware (bottom) ceramic sherds .............37 Figure 28. Distribution map for Chinese porcelain sherds. Note the similar distribution to the pearlware sherds ...........................................................38 Figure 29. Phytolith sample locations denoted by their sample number .......................39 Figure 30. Plot of logratios for C3 vs. C4 grass phytoliths and arboreal vs. grass phytoliths .......42 Figure 31. Logratio plots for chloridoid vs. pooid and panicoid vs. pooid grasses. Labels are the same as in Figure 29 .....................................................43 Figure 32. Pearlware bowl recovered from the Betty Hemings site ...........................46 Figure 33. Plate Index values with exact 95% confidence limits for 7 Mulberry Row Sites and the Hemings and Stewart Sites. The Dry Well and Building O sites are known to be significantly earlier than the rest ..............................................48 ii Figure 34. Tea Index values with exact 95% confidence limits for 7 Mulberry Row sites and the Hemings and Stewart Sites ............................................... 48 Figure 35. Proportion of plates and platters that occur in different ceramic ware types at the Hemings and Stewart Sites .................................................. 51 Figure 36. Proportion of tea cups and saucers that occur in different ware types at the Hemings and Stewart Sites .......................................................... 51 Figure 37. Miscellaneous artifacts recovered from the Betty Hemings site ..................... 53 iii List of Tables Table 1. Correlations (Spearman’s r) between the ranks of element concentrations tested at three independent soil labs ..................................................25 Table 2. Relative frequencies of grass sub-families expressed in percent of species in total grass flora. Data extrapolated from frequency maps ..............................40 Table 3. Variation in relative frequencies of phytolith taxa by depth ........................40 Table 4. Variation in relative frequencies of phytolith taxa by location .......................41 Table 5. Minimum vessel count for the Elizabeth Hemings site ............................45 Table 6. Mean ceramic date for the Elizabeth Hemings ................................ 46 iv 1. Introduction The Monticello of traditional historical memory is has played an important role in calling attention to the neoclassical mansion built and rebuilt by the existence of the real historical Monticello Thomas Jefferson over a period that began in (Heath 1999, Kelso 1997, Sanford 1995). By 1769 and ended with Jefferson’s death in 1826. uncovering the buried physical traces of long- However, the real historical Monticello was a vanished living and working spaces of enslaved 5000-acre plantation that was home not only to and free workers, archaeologists have helped raise Jefferson and his family, but also to scores of free the real historical Monticello above the threshold workmen and hundreds of enslaved African of historical visibility. This report is a Americans. Slavery made possible
Load more

Recommended publications
  • X001132127.Pdf
    ' ' ., ,�- NONIMPORTATION AND THE SEARCH FOR ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE IN VIRGINIA, 1765-1775 BRUCE ALLAN RAGSDALE Charlottesville, Virginia B.A., University of Virginia, 1974 M.A., University of Virginia, 1980 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Corcoran Department of History University of Virginia May 1985 © Copyright by Bruce Allan Ragsdale All Rights Reserved May 1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: 1 Chapter 1: Trade and Economic Development in Virginia, 1730-1775 13 Chapter 2: The Dilemma of the Great Planters 55 Chapter 3: An Imperial Crisis and the Origins of Commercial Resistance in Virginia 84 Chapter 4: The Nonimportation Association of 1769 and 1770 117 Chapter 5: The Slave Trade and Economic Reform 180 Chapter 6: Commercial Development and the Credit Crisis of 1772 218 Chapter 7: The Revival Of Commercial Resistance 275 Chapter 8: The Continental Association in Virginia 340 Bibliography: 397 Key to Abbreviations used in Endnotes WMQ William and Mary Quarterly VMHB Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Hening William Waller Hening, ed., The Statutes at Large; Being� Collection of all the Laws Qf Virginia, from the First Session of the Legislature in the year 1619, 13 vols. Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia Rev. Va. Revolutionary Virginia: The Road to Independence, 7 vols. LC Library of Congress PRO Public Record Office, London co Colonial Office UVA Manuscripts Department, Alderman Library, University of Virginia VHS Virginia Historical Society VSL Virginia State Library Introduction Three times in the decade before the Revolution. Vir­ ginians organized nonimportation associations as a protest against specific legislation from the British Parliament.
    [Show full text]
  • Mr. Jefferson S Private Life
    Mr. Jefferson s Private Life DUMAS MALONE IHE ATTACHED letter of Ellen Randolph Coolidge is in the Alderman Library at the University of Virginia in a volume containing copies of her letters to Henry S. Randall and other papers relating to her adored grandfather, Thomas Jefferson. It was written to her husband, Joseph Coolidge, Jr., in Boston, while she was visiting her brother in Albemarle County, Vir- ginia, and it has only recently been released for publication by her great-grandson, Harold Jefferson Coolidge. It bears par- ticularly on certain allegations that had been made against the character of her grandfather, and it has immediate relevance since some of these allegations have been recently revived and widely circulated. The story that the third President of the United States had a brood of children by one of his own slaves was first publi- cized in 1802. The distinction of having given it to the world belongs to an embittered journalist, James Thomson Callender, whose title as the most notorious and most unscrupulous scandalmonger of his generation, or indeed of any American generation, would be difficult to contest.^ It was taken up glee- fully by Jefferson's political enemies and occasioned much ridi- cule and obscenity. Rarely has a president been subjected to 'There is an account of the breaking of this story, and of Callender's relations with his former benefactor, in my book, Jefferson the President: First Term (Boston, 1970), ch. XII. 65 66 American Antiquarian Society such vulgarity and rarely have we had so sensitive a president. Nevertheless, Jefferson, following his consistent policy with respect to personal attacks, made no public response of any sort.
    [Show full text]
  • Presidents and American Symbols
    KINDERGARTEN Core Knowledge Language Arts® • New York Edition • Listening & Learning™ Strand Presidents and American Symbols American and Presidents Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Anthology Read-Aloud Again!™ It Tell Presidents and American Symbols Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Anthology Listening & Learning™ Strand KINDERGARTEN Core Knowledge Language Arts® New York Edition Creative Commons Licensing This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution — You must attribute the work in the following manner: This work is based on an original work of the Core Knowledge® Foundation made available through licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. This does not in any way imply that the Core Knowledge Foundation endorses this work. Noncommercial — You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Copyright © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation www.coreknowledge.org All Rights Reserved. Core Knowledge Language Arts is a trademark of the Core Knowledge Foundation. Trademarks and trade names are shown in this book strictly for illustrative and educational purposes and are the property of their respective owners.
    [Show full text]
  • Commandant of the Marine Corps Approved a Change in the Words of the Fourth Line, First Verse, to Read, “In Air, on Land, and Sea.” Former Gunnery Sergeant H
    144278_LE_I_Student_Textbook_Cover .indd Letter V 8/6/19 5:32 AM LE-I TABLE OF CONTENTS Leadership Leadership Defined ....................................................................................................................................... 1 The Leader Within ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Leadership Primary and Secondary Objectives .......................................................................................... 11 Ethics, Morals, Values ................................................................................................................................ 15 Marine Corps’ Core Values ........................................................................................................................ 21 Using Introspection to Develop Leadership Traits ..................................................................................... 27 Military Leadership Traits .......................................................................................................................... 31 The 11 Leadership Principals ...................................................................................................................... 41 Citizenship Defining Patriotism ..................................................................................................................................... 47 Rights, Responsibilities, and Privileges .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond
    The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond By Bennie Brown Williamsburg 2009 i Table of Contents Introduction iii Key to Symbols iv Text 1 Bibliography 153 Index 158 ii Introduction iii Key to Symbols Historical References: W. Hunter Daybook - Manuscript business account kept by William Hunter for his printing shop in Williamsburg between 1750-52 with Wythe. T. Jefferson Pap - Jefferson's voluminous correspondence to George Wythe over his life. Primarily their correspondence about books and book orders. Also letters written to him by others that refer to Wythe and books. R. H. Lee Pap - Correspondence from Richard Henry Lee with George Wythe relating to book and journals sent to him from Philadelphia during the Revolution. J. Marshall Notes - John Marshall's manuscript notes from his legal commonplace book of the various legal books he is reading at the time he was studying under George Wythe, circa 1780. His cryptic codes from the respective law books he is studying are not quoted or reproduced but are noted under this heading. J. Norton Pap. - Business correspondence to and from John Norton and Sons out of their Yorktown shop on book order for Wythe. J. Royle Daybook - Manuscript business accounts kept by Joseph Royle for his printing shop in Williamsburg between 1764-66 with Wythe. T. L. Shippen Pap - Correspondence of Thomas Lee Shippen, student in Williamsburg who studied law under Wythe after the Revolution. It is mainly letters to his father in Philadelphia. Va Gaz - Advertisements or notices printed in the Virginia Gazette by Wythe that refer to books.
    [Show full text]
  • Scenic Landforms of Virginia
    Vol. 34 August 1988 No. 3 SCENIC LANDFORMS OF VIRGINIA Harry Webb . Virginia has a wide variety of scenic landforms, such State Highway, SR - State Road, GWNF.R(T) - George as mountains, waterfalls, gorges, islands, water and Washington National Forest Road (Trail), JNFR(T) - wind gaps, caves, valleys, hills, and cliffs. These land- Jefferson National Forest Road (Trail), BRPMP - Blue forms, some with interesting names such as Hanging Ridge Parkway mile post, and SNPMP - Shenandoah Rock, Devils Backbone, Striped Rock, and Lovers Leap, National Park mile post. range in elevation from Mt. Rogers at 5729 feet to As- This listing is primarily of those landforms named on sateague and Tangier islands near sea level. Two nat- topographic maps. It is hoped that the reader will advise ural lakes occur in Virginia, Mountain Lake in Giles the Division of other noteworthy landforms in the st& County and Lake Drummond in the City of Chesapeake. that are not mentioned. For those features on private Gaps through the mountains were important routes for land always obtain the owner's permission before vis- early settlers and positions for military movements dur- iting. Some particularly interesting features are de- ing the Civil War. Today, many gaps are still important scribed in more detail below. locations of roads and highways. For this report, landforms are listed alphabetically Dismal Swamp (see Chesapeake, City of) by county or city. Features along county lines are de- The Dismal Swamp, located in southeastern Virginia, scribed in only one county with references in other ap- is about 10 to 11 miles wide and 15 miles long, and propriate counties.
    [Show full text]
  • Jefferson's Failed Anti-Slavery Priviso of 1784 and the Nascence of Free Soil Constitutionalism
    MERKEL_FINAL 4/3/2008 9:41:47 AM Jefferson’s Failed Anti-Slavery Proviso of 1784 and the Nascence of Free Soil Constitutionalism William G. Merkel∗ ABSTRACT Despite his severe racism and inextricable personal commit- ments to slavery, Thomas Jefferson made profoundly significant con- tributions to the rise of anti-slavery constitutionalism. This Article examines the narrowly defeated anti-slavery plank in the Territorial Governance Act drafted by Jefferson and ratified by Congress in 1784. The provision would have prohibited slavery in all new states carved out of the western territories ceded to the national government estab- lished under the Articles of Confederation. The Act set out the prin- ciple that new states would be admitted to the Union on equal terms with existing members, and provided the blueprint for the Republi- can Guarantee Clause and prohibitions against titles of nobility in the United States Constitution of 1788. The defeated anti-slavery plank inspired the anti-slavery proviso successfully passed into law with the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. Unlike that Ordinance’s famous anti- slavery clause, Jefferson’s defeated provision would have applied south as well as north of the Ohio River. ∗ Associate Professor of Law, Washburn University; D. Phil., University of Ox- ford, (History); J.D., Columbia University. Thanks to Sarah Barringer Gordon, Thomas Grey, and Larry Kramer for insightful comment and critique at the Yale/Stanford Junior Faculty Forum in June 2006. The paper benefited greatly from probing questions by members of the University of Kansas and Washburn Law facul- ties at faculty lunches. Colin Bonwick, Richard Carwardine, Michael Dorf, Daniel W.
    [Show full text]
  • C:\Documents and Settings\David Carlson\Desktop\SHA97
    1997 SHA Conference on Historical and Underwater SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY Archaeology Corpus Christi, TX 1997 AWARDS OF MERIT January 8 - 12, 1997 to be presented to PILAR LUNA ERREGUERENA Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia, Mexico Seaports, Ships, and Central Places TEXAS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Abstracts TEXAS ARCHEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1997 J.C. HARRINGTON MEDAL JAMES DEETZ University of Virginia Hosted by Texas A&M University Institute of Nautical Archaeology Ships of Discovery ABSTRACTS 1997 CONFERENCE STAFF Conference Chair and Program Coordinator............. David L. Carlson Terrestrial Program Chair .......................Shawn Bonath Carlson Underwater Program Chair ............................. Denise Lakey Registration Chair .............................. Frederick M. Hocker Society for Historical Archaeology Local Arrangements Chair............................... Toni Carrell Volunteer Coordinator.................................Becky Jobling Tours Coordinator .....................................Mary Caruso 30th Conference on Historical and Book Room Coordinator .......................... Lawrence E. Babits Underwater Archaeology Employment Coordinator............................... Sarah Mascia Conference Coordinator................................. Tim Riordan Hosted by: Texas A&M University Institute of Nautical Archaeology Ships of Discovery January 8-12, 1997 Omni Bayfront Hotel Corpus Christi, Texas With financial support provided by: Corpus Christi Omni Bayfront Hotel Corpus Christi Area Convention &
    [Show full text]
  • John Hemings' Monticello and Poplar Forest
    Journal of Intellectual Property Law Volume 28 Issue 1 Article 7 January 2021 John Hemings' Monticello and Poplar Forest J. Wesley Giglio University of Georgia School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/jipl Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation J. Wesley Giglio, John Hemings' Monticello and Poplar Forest, 28 J. INTELL. PROP. L. 175 (2021). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/jipl/vol28/iss1/7 This Notes is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Georgia Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Intellectual Property Law by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Georgia Law. Please share how you have benefited from this access For more information, please contact [email protected]. John Hemings' Monticello and Poplar Forest Cover Page Footnote J.D. Candidate, 2021, University of Georgia School of Law. He dedicates this and all future work to his wife, Katie, without whom none of it would be possible. This notes is available in Journal of Intellectual Property Law: https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/jipl/vol28/iss1/7 Giglio: John Hemings' Monticello and Poplar Forest DEMO2 (DO NOT DELETE) 1/12/2021 5:36 AM JOHN HEMINGS’ MONTICELLO AND POPLAR FOREST J. Wesley Giglio* * J.D. Candidate, 2021, University of Georgia School of Law. He dedicates this and all future work to his wife, Katie, without whom none of it would be possible. 175 Published by Digital Commons @ Georgia Law, 2021 1 Journal of Intellectual Property Law, Vol. 28, Iss. 1 [2021], Art.
    [Show full text]
  • The Slaves' Stories
    The Slaves’ Stories Biographical Sketches of the Slaves Portrayed in I Ain’t No Three Fifths of a Person William “Billy” Lee George Washington purchased William Lee (also known as Billy or Will) in 1768. Through primary source research, we believe Billy was at least 16 years old at the time. Early records refer to him as Washington’s “huntsman” which means that he would have accompanied Washington on foxhunts and most likely helped manage his hounds. Washington was considered the best horseman in Virginia and several accounts reflect on Billy’s skill as well. Billy eventually became Washington’s body servant or valet d’chambre. This position kept him by Washington’s side throughout the day and responsible for a number of duties including laying out clothes, helping Washington dress, serving meals as needed, delivering personal correspondence as well as a variety of other tasks. Lee was with General Washington throughout the eight years of the Revolutionary War. Revolutionary War veterans visiting Mount Vernon after the war often stopped to talk with Billy: By all accounts, he enjoyed reminiscing about battles, encampments, and the camaraderie of army life. Billy was with Washington throughout the Constitutional Convention; however, disability kept him from serving President Washington. Several years earlier, Billy broke his kneecap while on a surveying trip with Washington. He broke his second kneecap during an errand to the post office in Alexandria. Despite his disabilities, he was determined to travel to New York for the inauguration. Washington paid to send him; however, Billy fell ill in Philadelphia and was cared for by friends of the Washingtons until he was well enough to travel.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings Author(S): Pearl M
    Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings Author(s): Pearl M. Graham Source: The Journal of Negro History, Vol. 46, No. 2 (Apr., 1961), pp. 89-103 Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2716715 Accessed: 26-07-2018 16:00 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Association for the Study of African American Life and History, The University of Chicago Press are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Negro History This content downloaded from 207.62.77.131 on Thu, 26 Jul 2018 16:00:10 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms THOMAS JEFFERSON AND SALLY HEMINGS Thomas Jefferson had been only briefly in the White House when reports, long circulated in the neighborhoods of Richmond and Charlottesville, began to appear in print. Some of Jefferson's own slaves, it was agreed, bore a striking re- semblance to their master. And one name, that of Sally Hem- ings1, appeared as the most favored of the colored mistresses. Jefferson himself took, at least in public, a "No com- ment" attitude.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy Report of the Scholars Commission
    turner 00 fmt auto cx 3 3/17/11 10:54 AM Page iii The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy Report of the Scholars Commission Edited by Robert F. Turner Carolina Academic Press Durham, North Carolina turner 00 fmt auto cx 3 4/15/11 5:36 AM Page iv Copyright © 2001, 2011 Robert F. Turner All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Scholars Commission on the Jefferson-Hemings Matter. The Jefferson-Hemings controversy : report of the Scholars Commission / edited by Robert F. Turner. p. cm. ISBN 978-0-89089-085-1 (alk. paper) 1. Jefferson, Thomas, 1743–1826--Relations with women. 2. Hemings, Sally. 3. Jef- ferson, Thomas, 1743–1826--Relations with slaves. 4. Jefferson, Thomas, 1743–1826-- Family. I. Turner, Robert F. II. Title. E332.2.S35 2010 973.4'6092--dc22 2010031551 Carolina Academic Press 700 Kent Street Durham, NC 27701 Telephone (919) 489-7486 Fax (919) 493-5668 www.cap-press.com Printed in the United States of America turner 00 fmt auto cx 3 3/17/11 10:54 AM Page v This book is dedicated to the memory of our beloved colleagues Professor Lance Banning Hallam Professor of History University of Kentucky (January 24, 1942–January 31, 2006) and Professor Alf J. Mapp, Jr. Eminent Scholar, Emeritus and Louis I. Jaffe Professor of History, Emeritus Old Dominion University (February 17, 1925–January 23, 2011) turner 00 fmt auto cx 3 3/17/11 10:54 AM Page vii Contents Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv Members of the Scholars Commission xvii Scholars Commission on The Jefferson-Hemings Matter, Report 12 April 2001 3 Summary
    [Show full text]