Sourcebook on Sustainable Development

SOURCEBOO K ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMEN T

I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMEN T

INSTITUT INTERNATIONAL IS DU DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE IIDD SOURCEBOO K ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMEN T

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUT E F OR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMEN T

I N S T I T U T I N T E R N A T I O N A L IISD DU DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE IIDD

Sections of this paper may be reproduced wit h acknowledgement to the International Institute for Sustainable Development .

Trademarks Throughout this book, many trademarked names are used . Rather than put a trademark symbol in every occurrence of a trademarked name, we are using the names only in a n editorial fashion, and for information purposes, with n o intention of infringement of the trademark.

Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Dat a Main entry under title :

Sourcebook on Sustainable Developmen t

1st ed. - -

Includes bibliographical references . ISBN 1-895536-04- 9

1. Environmental policy - Directories . 2. Environmental policy - Bibliography. 3. Environmental policy - Data bases . 4. Environmental policy-Audio-visual aids . I. International Institute for Sustainabl e Development .

HC79, E5s68 1992 333 .7'15 C92-098089- 9

This book is printed on paper with 100% recycled content , including 15% post-consumer fibre, using vegetable-based inks .

Printed and bound in Canada.

Published and distributed by :

International Institute for Sustainable Development 161 Portage Avenue East - 6th Floo r Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B OY4

Phone : (204) 958-770 0 Fax : (204) 958-7710 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V C O N T E N T S

Contents

Preface I Environment and Natural Resources 44

• Biological Diversity 44 • Environment_ 44 Introduction 3 • Energy and Global Climate Change 45 Acknowledgements 4 • Food and Agriculture _ 46 Organization of the • Forests and Water 47 Sourcebook 5 • Oceans and Coastal Areas 48

Investment for Sustainable Development 48 Organizations 7 • Military 48 • Technology and Training 48 • Credit, Debt and Publications 33 Structural Adjustment 48 Contents 34 • Business 49

Information on • Development Assistance 50 Sustainable Development 3 5 Regional and Country Reports : • Genera l 35 A Sampling of Available Studies 50 • Guidebooks _38 • General Sources 50

Economy and Ecology 38 • Africa 50 • Asia 5 1 Law and Public Policy 41 •Europe 5 I Social and Community Issue s • Latin America and and Solutions 41 the Caribbean 52 • Ethics, Spirituality and Religion 41 • North America 52 • Population and Carrying Capacity 41 • South Pacific and Australia 53 • Human Settlements 4 2 • Poverty and Well-Being of People 4 2 • Community and Peoples' Participation 43 Audio-Visual 55 • Education and Sustainable Livelihoods 4 3 • Women and Youth 43 International Productions 56

Regional/National Productions 59

Cable Television 60

Independent Producers 61

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Computer Networks Appendixe s and Conferencing Systems 1 What is Computer Communications? 9 Online Databases 63 2 Glossary 94

Computer Networks and 3 APC Member Networks 9 9 Conferencing Systems 65 4 APC-Affiliated Networks 10 2 n APC Networks 6 5 5 List of APC Conferences Directly ► Association for Related to Sustainable Development 10 6 Progressive Communications 65 6 Networks Using TCN /Electronic Village 11 6 APC Relate d ► 7 GeoNet Databases Relevant Computer Networking Initiatives 67 to Sustainable Development 11 9 Other APC-affiliated Networks 6 9 ► 8 Internet Mailing Lists Related to ► NGONET _ 69 Sustainable Development 1 2

► United Nations Conference on 9 List of Internet Information Services 12 5 Environment and 10 BITNET Mailing Lists Related t o Development (UNCED) 70 Sustainable Development 12 6 n TCN/Electronic Village 70 11 UUCP Mailing Lists 12 8 1 Telecommunications 12 Usenet Newsgroups 129 Cooperative Network 70 13 CompuServe 13 0 n GeoNet 7I 14 Computer Conference Samples 13 2 Poptel/GeoNet 7 1

n The Internet 73

DDN Network Information Centre 73

n BITNET 74

EDUCOM Networking Activities 7 4

n UUCP/UseNet 7 5

n CompuServe Information Services 7 7

Online Databases 7 9

► IDRC Development Database Service _8 1 Dialog Information Services Inc . 8 2 ► 1 Other Database Sources or Suppliers 8 9

1 Other Sources of Information 89

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Preface

At IISD we frequently hear the complaint that there is both a wealth and a dearth of information about sustainable development — no shortage o f writing on the subject, but difficulty in knowing what to read and where t o find it. The topic is complex, global, and still not firmly categorized in the minds of librarians, booksellers, and audio-visual distributors. This first edition of Sourcebook on Sustainable Development attempts to sor t through this bounty and give the reader a useable "window" on both the practical and intellectual side of sustainable development .

We found three trends while assembling our directory .

While the better known international institutions concerned with th e environment, development, and human welfare are issuing an importan t body of work on sustainable development, another entire outlook on th e subject is flowing upwards from grassroots organizations and writers i n both the industrialized and the developing world . This valuabl e information is not always readily available, and indeed, this book to som e extent reflects that scarcity.

Secondly, computer networking has become an extremely importan t means of communicating opinions, news, and debate on sustainabl e development. Anyone researching the subject would be remiss not to ta p into the electronic web of knowledge that now encircles the world . Writing never destined to be published in the conventional sense resides on dat a bases, bulletin boards, and in the computers of individuals who might no t otherwise have an opportunity to "speak " to the rest of the world .

And finally, we, realize that publishing references on sustainabl e development is like supervising a garden planted by someone else . The field is both extraordinarily productive and frustratingly unpredictable . Based on our own work at IISD, we gathered obvious sources and som e not so obvious, with the understanding that much more would follo w after the Sourcebook was printed, bound, and circulated, especially in th e period following the Earth Summit .

It is our expectation that the project can be a long-term collaboration ; an evolving directory, on paper and in electronic format, to be augmented with the advice of those in various parts of the world who wish to shar e sources available on sustainable development. We hope readers will consider contributing materials and suggestions for future editions .

Arthur J . Hanson President and CEO International Institute for Sustainable Development I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T ♦ I N T R O D U C T I O N

Introduction

Sustainable development has become a topic of great interest , increasingly appearing in writings and audio-visual productions abou t the environment, health and human welfare, development, and relations between the developed and developing worlds. References t o new work on these subjects are entering catalogues and bibliographies at a rate that leads one to believe the world is trying to make up for los t time. But while various environmental sourcebooks have appeared, n o one has yet attempted a directory of resources on sustainable development. This book is apparently the first .

Sustainable development is still more of an intention than a reality — a term that is being defined by a vast array of competing interests wit h differing notions of both sustainability and development. As defined by the World Commission on Environment and Development in Our Common Future, sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability offuture generations to meet their own needs. It rests on three pillars : environmental planning and management , / economic development, and / the well-being of people . Moving toward sustainable development—adding clarity to it s emerging definition—requires an understanding of the root causes o f unsustainable development. It requires reading, watching, and communicating with those who are working on the core issues . It requires that we look well beyond the elements of the gree n phenomenon, as seen through western eyes, to the long-term implications of a world heading rapidly beyond its carrying capacity , and in particular to needs within developing countries .

It is the goal of IISD to engage people of all backgrounds from acros s the world to produce and share information that will help chang e attitudes and modify behaviour . Sourcebook on Sustainable Development is a step in that direction . It identifies many of the key sources of information on sustainable development, including organizations, publications, audio-visual materials and computerize d networks and information services . It is designed for grassroots an d community-based organizations, educators, NGOs, business , government, and others with an interest in understanding an d applying the tenets of sustainable development .

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Given the rapid flow of new information and the difficulty of gathering existing sources under one roof, Sourcebook on Sustainable Development is far from complete . It is the first version of a data bas e that will grow steadily over time . Our hope is that it become s something of a lightning rod, attracting new listings from readers who note omissions, and changes from those who find inaccuracies .

Acknowledgements

IISD is responsible for the contents of the book . The special contribution of several individuals and organizations must b e acknowledged : nRichard Labelle, Information & Communications Officer of IISD , who directed the project and played an essential role in projec t design and review. He carried out the research, assembled muc h of the material and wrote the sections on organizations, audio-visuals, online databases, and oversaw and reviewed th e work of consultants and editors . nIISD staff, especially: S. Barg, M. Campana, A . Cosbey, G. Gallopin, A. Hanson, T. Laberge, V. Titi. nRory Obrien, of the NIRV Community Resource Centre in Toronto , Canada, researched and wrote the section on computer networks on APC, BITNET, The Internet, UUCP/Usenet, APC Affiliated Networks . nPaul Osborn, of The One Foundation in the Netherlands, researche d and wrote the section on GeoNet, TCN and CompuServe . nTony Leighton, Christine Cummins, Barbara Huck and Sarah Yates for editorial support. nJenny Richards, from Television Trust for the Environment in London, U.K., for information on TVE and Channel 4 . nVarious bibliographic and reference sources such as the Yearbook of International Organizations, and many computerized database s available from both commercial and non-commercial sources . n Many others, too numerous to mention, who contributed information, in one form or another.

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Organization of the Sourceboo k

Sustainable development incorporates information and analysis from many fields of study and from around the world . It brings together academic research and grassroots activity, government policymaking and international institutions. The proponents and practitioners present their work in many media, and utilize all modes o f communication. Furthermore, sustainable development is abou t integration, bringing together economic, environmental and socia l issues into a single decision-making framework . The classical boundaries between fields of study must be crossed if the concept o f sustainable development is to become a reality . This book tries to bring together important material from the wid e variety of relevant sources. It starts with a listing and description of about 70 of the principal international organizations active in th e field of sustainable development . The publications sections lists many of the most important sources . Not only does it cover the environment and economics literature, bu t also such things as poverty and the well-being of people, biological diversity, and credit, debt, and structured adjustment. Audio-visual productions—either film or video—are powerful an d popular. Excellent work is being done, and this section lists some o f the major sources . Finally, there is an efficient and rapidly expanding communications medium—computer networks and conferencing systems . They can provide cheap and very fast communications to many corners of th e world—but often their potential is overlooked, because the technology is new and evolving so rapidly. What was difficult or impossibl e last year may be easy how. We provide detailed analysis of th e substance available in the various systems, not just the acces s methodologies. The conferences and databases can be powerfu l tools, and this section should help make them available to users . The 14 appendixes fill in a variety of details on computer technology and practices. For the new or aspiring user, it will help them tak e advantage of the technology.

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Organizations

The most visible organizations concerned with sustainabl e development are international institutions of the United Nations such as UNEP and the UNCED Secretariat, major environmental group s such as Greenpeace and World Wide Fund for Nature, and think-tank s such as World Resources Institute and Worldwatch Institute . But there are also thousands of smaller groups, including grassroots and special- interest groups, contributing to the dialogue. In the USA alone, ther e are now more than 7,000 local grassroots groups, many of them forme d in opposition to a proposed waste-disposal site or power-generatin g station, others to offer citizens an outlet for their desire for a bette r environment . In developing countries, local health and environmen t groups, started in many cases by rural women, have become part of a valuable citizen support network .

In this directory we have limited our listings to a selection of th e international institutions . Yet many of the large organizations we mention are well-connected to smaller groups . In fact, if there is a trend within the vast realm of environment, health, and social justic e organizations it is toward "connectivity," with small and large group s alike making increasing use of electronic networking . Contact one and you will likely open the door to many more .

The listings of pertinent international organizations might easily b e expanded four or five-fold by including the many UN special agencie s such as UNESCO, ILO and UNICEF, environment, development or strategic analysis institutes, scientific and professional associations , and so forth . Readers seeking further information may wish to consul t the very comprehensive Yearbook of International Organizations.' We have included a range of sectoral organizations as well as those whic h focus mainly on environment and development. The descriptions are derived from published materials, information derived from direct queries and from our own working knowledge and experience .

The listing on the next page is arranged alphabetically mainly b y acronym, since so many of the organizations (including IISD) are bette r known in this fashion rather than by their full title .

' Union of International Associations (ed) . 1990 . Yearbook of International Associations. Munchen, New York: K. G . Saur .

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Advisory Committee for the Global Environment Monitoring Kenya Consumers' Organization Co-ordination of Information System (GEMS) Project (KCO) Systems (ACCIS) Global Resources Information Mazingira Institut e African Centre for Technology Database (GRID) The Panos Institut e Studies (ACTS) Greenpeace International / Regional Environmental Centre fo r Alternative Farming Systems International Academy of Central and Eastern Europe Information Centre (AFSIC) Environment (IAE) Reseau sahelien d'information et de AGRECOL Information Centre and International Chamber of Commerce documentation scientifiques e t Network (ICC) techniques (Resadoc) -Institut du Asian NGO Coalition for Agrarian International Centre for Integrated Sahel Reform (ANGOC) Mountain Development (ICIMOD) A Global Union for Technologies for Banff Centre for Management International Council for Local Environment and Sustainabl e Development (SATIS) Biomass Users Network (BUN) Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) Centro Agronomico Tropical de Industry Cooperative for Ozone Layer Society for Internationa l Development (SID) Investigacion y Ensenanza (CATIE) Protection (ICOLP) Centre for Our Common Future International Centre for Research in South Centr e (CCF) Agroforestry (ICRAF) Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) Climate Change Information Centre International Development Research (UNEP) Centre (IDRC) SustainAbility Ltd. Centre for Environment & International Institute for TATA Energy Research Institute Development for the Arab Region Environment & Development (IIED) (TERI) (CEDARE) Institute of Development Studies Third World Network (TWN ) Consultative Group on International (IDS), University of Sussex Union of International Associations Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Institute for European Environmental (UIA) Centro Latino Americano de Ecologia Policies (IEEP) United Nations Conference on Social (CLAES) Industry and Environment Office Environment and Developmen t Centre for Science and the (IEO-UNEP) (UNCED) Secretariat Environment (CSE) Institute for African Alternatives United Nations Developmen t Development Alternatives (IFAA) Programme (UNDP) / Earthscan Publications International Institute for Sustainable United Nations Environment / Earthwatch Development (IISD) Programme (UNEP) International Environmental Environment Liaison Centre United Nations University (UNU ) Information System (INFOTERRA) International (ELCI) World Bank (International Bank fo r International Organization of Environmental Management Reconstruction and Development ) Consumers Unions (IOCU) Information Centre (EMIC) — World Conservation Monitoring Management Institute for International Register of Potentially Centre (WCMC) Environment and Business . Toxic Chemicals (IRPTC) World Environment Center (WEC) Environment and Development Island Press World Resources Institute (WRI ) Action in the Third World (ENDA) Intermediate Technology World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Friends of the Earth International Development Group (ITDG) (FOEI) International Union for th e Worldwatch Institute General Agreement on Tariffs and Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Zed Books Trade (GATT) (World Conservation Union) Global Environment Management Japan Committee for the Global Initiative (GEMI) Environment

S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T O R G A N I Z A T I O N S

ADVISORY COMMITTEE FO R AFRICAN CENTRE FOR ALTERNATIVE FARMIN G THE CO-ORDINATION O F TECHNOLOGY STUDIES (ACTS) SYSTEMS INFORMATIO N INFORMATION SYSTEMS CENTRE (AFSIC) (ACCIS) ACTS is a not-for-profit organization identifying policy options for AFSIC produces information ACCIS, a UN agency, facilitates promoting technological innovatio n products on sustainable agriculture , access for member states to UN in sustainable development. Its most of which are freely available . information and promotes the primary objective is to prepare th e This is a useful source of up-to-dat e improvement of an informatio n intellectual basis and institutional bibliographic and other informatio n infrastructure within the UN . ACCIS infrastructure for th e on sustainable agriculture . has not yet succeeded in providin g implementation of the UNCED Key Information Sources electronic access to the many recommendations and other relevan t information products and service s sustainable development themes . IAFSIC Notes. A quick two-to four- within the UN . However, several ACTS facilitates networking among page overview of relevant topic s published information products an d African and European researcher s with a list of selected readings; services are available . and policy-makers working o n appears periodically sustainable development issues . Key Information Source s Database bibliographies . Produced The Biopolicy Institute was formed b quickly and free of charge fro m Directory of United Nation s y ACTS as a separate research institute edited computerized searches o f Databases and Informatio n in the Netherlands. ACTS stresses the the AGRICOLA database ; a list o f Services, 1990: A guide to 87 2 need for access to information an most recent searches is produce d computerized databases an d d technological collaboration betwee periodically information systems/services , n African and European institutions o including many that are relevant t o n n Alternative Farming System s the sustainable utilization of geneti sustainable developmen t c Information Centre resources . United States Department ACCIS Guide to United Nations Key Information Source s of Agricultur e Information Sources on the Room 11 1 Environment, 198 8 Innovation. A magazine whic h facilitates the sharing o f National Agricultural Library Register of Development Activities information and experiences in 10301 Baltimore Boulevar d of the United Nations Systems, 1988 technology and sustainable Beltsville, Maryland 20705-235 1 USA n ACCI S development issues Palais des Nation s ACTS Press . The publishing arm of Telephone : 301-344-3704 1211 Geneva 1 0 the organization; has produced a Switzerland number of monographs on Telephone : 41-22-798-859 1 biotechnology in the developing world, women and development Fax : 41-22-740-1269 , Telex : 289696 and other issues relevant to the developing world n ACT S PO Box 4591 7 Nairob i Kenya Telephone : 254-2-744-047/09 5 Fax: 254-2-743-99 5

n ACTS Biopolicy Institute Witmakersstraat 1 0 0211 JB Maastrich t The Netherlands Telephone : 31-43-250-465 Fax: 31-43-218-820

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AGRECOL INFORMATIO N ASIAN NGO COALITION FOR BANFF CENTRE CENTRE AND NETWORK AGRARIAN REFORM (ANGOC ) FOR MANAGEMEN T

Founded in 1982 by a European Founded in 1979 in preparation fo r The Banff Centre for Managemen t working group, the AGRECO L the World Conference on Agrarian has been offering programs i n Information Centre and Network Reform and Rural Development, resource and environment acts as a clearing-house for ANGOC seeks to promot e management since 1972 . Technica l information on sustainabl e sustainable development and courses include industrial an d agriculture . This information is environmental action. The hazardous waste management. The made available to people of the establishment of the Sustainabl e valuing of natural resources is Third World . Development Environment Actio n balanced with skill-based course s Program within ANGOC stems fro m like environmental dispute The centre owns a comprehensiv e the realization that environmental resolution and information - collection of books, journals , problems in developing countrie s technology courses like geographic articles, unpublished theses, reports are inextricably linked wit h information systems (GIS) . and papers on sustainabl e problems of poverty, unequal acces s agriculture in German, English , Key Information Source s to wealth, and underdevelopment . French and Spanish. Management courses on resource s Key Information Sources Key Information Sources and environment issues, includin g Alternatives. A bimonthly newsletter Tools for Sustainable Development Towards Sustainable Agriculture. A two-volume publication Grassroots Action in Natural n Banff Centre for Managemen t Resources Management. A report of Box 102 0 Agriculture ecologique en Afi•ique the Asian study tour Banff, Alberta fi-ancophone. A bibliography Canada TOL OCO Bankwatch. A newsletter focusing n AGRECOL Information Centr e on the status of the projects funde d Telephone : 403-762-613 0 and Networ k by the Asian Development Bank in Fax : 403-762-642 2 Oekozentrum Langenbruc k developing member countrie s CH-4438 Langenbruc k Switzerland n Angoc Regional Secretariat 47 Matrinco Buildin g Telephone : 41-62-60-142 0 2178 Pasong Tamo Fax : 41-62-60-1640 Makati, Metro Manil a 1200 Philippines

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THE BIOMASS USER S CENTRO AGRONOMICO THE CENTRE FOR OU R NETWORK (BUN ) TROPICAL DE INVESTIGACIO N COMMON FUTURE (CCF ) Y ENSENANZA (CATIE) A network of non-profit The Centre For Our Common Future organizations, the Biomass User s The Tropical Agriculture Researc h was initiated as a focal point for Network promotes South-South and Training Centre promotes and follow-up activities on Our Commo n cooperation in developing an d carries out interactive research an d Future, the report of the World strengthening national capabilities t o development in Central America an d Commission on Environment and increase sustainable production and the Caribbean. Its aim is to increase Development (WCED) . More than the use of biomass resources . Thes e and sustain agricultural productivity 200 organizations from around th e resources are a means for advancing and development in conjunction with world act as working partners . economic, social and ecological well - national institutions . The centre's principal functions have being, primarily in the rural areas. CATIE's research focuses on been to promote the WCED report. BUN has headquarters in Costa Ric a sustainable agriculture including However in future, the centre's role and regional offices in Bangkok and agroforestry, in the context of the will shift to become an information Harare . program on Integrated Natural clearinghouse and an objective sourc e Resources Management. of information . Influenced by UNCED , Key Information Source s CCF will also focus on developing 1 Key Information Source s Network News. A bi-monthly methods of public participation in newslette r 1 El Chasque. Boletin informativo del sustainable development . Departamento de Recursos n Biomass Users Networ k Naturales Renovables (informative Key Information Sources PO Bok 1146-205 0 bulletin of the Department o f 1 The Brundtland Bulletin. An Montes de Oc a Renewable Natural Resources ) important source of information o n Costa Rica n CATI E sustainable development Telephone: 66-2-217-9892 ext 11 0 worldwid Turrialb a e Fax: 66-2-217-9901 Costa Rica Network 92. A monthly publication Telephone : 1-506 56-6431/0169 available in print and on computer Fax : 1-506 56-153 3 networks, documenting progres s Telex : 8005 prior to the Earth Summit; it no w includes periodic supplements reviewing sections of the latest draft of Agenda 2 1

n The Centre For Our Commo n Future Palais Wilso n 52 rue des Paquis 1201 Geneva Switzerlan d

Telephone : 41-22 732-711 7 Fax : 41-22 738-5046 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

UNEP CLIMATE CHANG E CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENT & THE CONSULTATIV E INFORMATION CENTRE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE ARAB GROUP ON INTERNATIONA L REGION (CEDARE ) AGRICULTURAL RESEARC H This recently-established centre i s (CGIAR) intended to boost global awareness of The centre is an independent non - the consequences of climate change . profit organization based in Cairo , CGIAR is an informal association of The small UNEP Secretariat will use with subsidiary focal points now 40 public- and private-sector donors the latest scientific information in an being established throughout the that supports a network of 1 6 accessible manner through a variety Arab Region and the Mediterranean international agricultural research of media, including pamphlets and countries of Europe . The centre wa s centres . It applies science and videos . launched in early 1992 by thre e technology to food production in principal sponsors : The Arab Fun d developing countries . In recent years n UNEP Regional Office for Europe for Economic and Social it has become increasingly concerne d Palais des Nation s Development, the Government o f with integrating ecological and social 8-14 Avenue de la Paix Egypt and the United Nations economic considerations into Green CH-1211 Geneva 1 0 Development Programme (UNDP) . Revolution technologies . Switzerland The major objective of CEDARE is t o International centres supported b y Telephone : 41-22-988-40 0 assist the countries of the region in CGIAR are part of a global agricultural Fax : 41-22 798-3945 meeting their aspirations fo r research system. Many of the more sustainable development, while than 45,000 scientists from ensuring ecologically-soun d developing countries who wer e management of resources . trained at CGIAR centres during the past 20 years form the nucleus of, and Key Information Source s provide leadership to, national Now being elaborated, will includ e agricultural research systems in thei r a data bank, an early warnin g own countries. facility and remote sensing facilitie s Key Information Sources CGIAR Annual Repor t n Centre for Environment & Development for the Arab Sustainable Agricultura l Region Production: Implications for c/o Dr . Nour International Agricultural Research 4 Al Hesn Street (published by FAO, 1989) Giz a Databases and information services PO Box 1 4 in the 16 specialized centre s Orman, Giza Egypt n CGIAR Secretariat c/o World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, D .C. 2043 3 USA

Telephone : 202-477-123 4 Fax :202-334-8750 Telex: 44009 8 e-mail : Dialcom :/57 :CGI00 1

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CENTRO LATINO AMERICAN O THE CENTRE FOR SCIENC E DEVELOPMENT ALTERNATIVES DE ECOLOGIA SOCIAL AND THE ENVIRONMENT (CSE) (CLAES) A non-profit organization founded in A non-profit society founded in 198 1 1983, Development Alternative s CLAES, the Latin American Centre of by a group of journalists, scientists , promotes grassroots activities in the Social Ecology, is an international engineers and environmentalists , area of sustainable development . The network of nongovernmenta l CSE is a public-interest research and organization focuses on the organizations involved in the study o f information-dissemination development of technologies and human relationships, the connectio n organization . Its activities focus o n programs which benefit the poor, between human relationships an d increasing public awareness of vita l including low-cost construction, the environment, and the promotio n issues concerning the environment cooking energy and textiles . of alternative development whic h and development, as well as on Development Alternatives has links the social to the environmental strengthening ties between published state-of-the-environment dimension. environmental NGOs and the media. reports and conservation strategies a t CLAES focuses on issues includin g CSE's contributions to sustainable the regional and national levels . I t trade and poverty, particularly a s development include the publicatio n also monitors and evaluate s they affect Latin America . of comprehensive reports on th e development programs and state of India's environment, briefing organizes workshops and symposia Key Information Sources workshops for journalists, and on a variety of environment an d Teko-ha . A newsletter an d seminars and workshops o n development issues . networking too l sustainable development . Key Information Sources The Latin American Journal of Key Information Sources A bimonthly newsletter. Covers Social Ecology ► The Green File. A monthly clipping sustainable developmen t n CLAE S service for environmentalists information, as well as informatio n Casilla de Correo 1300 0 related to the Earth Summit Towards Green Villages. A strateg y 11700 Montevide o for environmentally-soun d n Development Alternative s Uruguay participatory rural development in B-32 Institutional Are a Fax : 0598-2 921-117 Attn : CLAES Indi a New Mehrauli Road Telex: 23391 Hauz Khas ► The Documentation Unit. A New Delhi 1101 6 collection of 18,000 books, 1,00 0 India video cassettes and 400 maps an d posters on the environment, a s Telephone : 91-11-66-53-7 0 well as a clipping service Fax : 91-11-686-603 1

n The Centre for Science and the Environmen t 807 Vishal Bhawan 95 Nehru Place New Delhi 11001 9 India

Telephone : 91-11 643-3394/8109

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EARTHSCAN PUBLICATION S EARTHWATCH ENVIRONMENT LIAISO N CENTRE INTERNATIONAL Books from Earthscan Publications Earthwatch is the environmental (ELCI) address Third World issues and thei r monitoring and assessment arm o f global implications, beginning wit h the UN . Established in 1972, and Founded in 1975, ELCI is a coalition the inescapable link between poverty coordinated by UNEP, Earthwatc h of NGOs working toward sustainabl e and environmental degradation . improves early-warning indicators of development . The centre is a net - Earthscan publishes titles o n significant environmental changes, working and advocacy institutio n environment and developmen t improves the planning an d which facilitates NGO input int o issues . coordination of monitoring at global UNEP programs and activities . It and regional levels, produce s seeks sustainable approaches t o Earthscan is the editorially - assessments of environmenta l development and explore s independent arm of the International problems, and promotes th e endogenous solutions to Institute for Environment an d establishment of environmental environmental crises . Development (IIED) . statistics and state-of-the- ELCI is also a source of ideas an d Key Information Source s environment reporting . strategies on sustainabl e 1 Blueprint for a Green Economy GEMS is the monitoring arm o f development for emerging grassroots 1 Managing Sustainable Developmen t Earthwatch (see separate entry) . movements and groups . Access to geo-reference d Key Information Source s 1 Valuing the Environment environmental data is provided b y 1 The International Environment and 1 Steady-State Economics: Economics GRID (see separate entry) . Othe r Development File. A quarterly o f of biophysical Equilibrium and components are the International selected clippings fro m Moral Growth Register of Potentially Toxi c Chemicals (IRPTC) and INFOTERRA newspapers and newsletters o n n Earthscan Publications Ltd . (see separate entries). worldwide environment an d 3 Endsleigh Street development issue s London WC1H OD D The above-mentioned individual Ecoforum and Eco Probe. United Kingdom programs are better known in their own right than is Earthwatch . This Networking tools covering a wid e Telephone : 44-71-388-211 7 probably reflects the difficulty that range of issues on sustainabl e Fax: 44-71-388-2826 faces UNEP in coordinating the developmen t efforts of UN bodies responsible fo r 1 Energy, Environment and Develop- environmental monitoring an d ment Gazette. A participatory assessment . publication launched in July 199 1 n Earthwatc h ELCI annual report United Nations Environmen t Programm e / A database of more than 8,00 0 PO Box 3055 2 environment and developmen t Nairobi NGOs worldwid e Kenya n ELC I Telephone : 254-2-333930, ext . PO Box 7246 1 4311, 4316, 52060 0 Nairob i Fax : 254-2-52088 3 Kenya Telex : 22068 Telephone : 254-2 56-20-22/20-1 5 Fax : 254-2 34-08-49/56-21-7 5

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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENT AN D FRIENDS OF THE EART H INFORMATION CENTRE (EMIC) DEVELOPMENT ACTION I N INTERNATIONAL (FOEI) — MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE FO R THE THIRD WORLD (ENDA) ENVIRONMENT AND BUSINES S Founded in 1971, Friends of the Earth ENDA is a non-profit organization , International is a global network of EMIC is a clearinghouse for curriculum with regional offices in Senegal, Paris , organizations campaigning to protect and training materials, and for Zimbabwe and Tunisia, which seeks the environment. There are 33 FOE I contacts focused on integrating to promote sustainable development national groups worldwide. environmental considerations into in the developing world . Through its Friends of the Earth national business management . research, training and exchange pro - grams, it strives to integrate the organizations are bound together by The centre was initiated by the environmental, economic and a shared name and a common caus e International Chamber of Commerce cultural relationship in activities t o the conservation, restoration an d and UNEP in response t o meet the needs and objectives o f rational use of Earth's resources . recommendations by the Bergen grassroots groups. FOEI pursues this goal through the Industry Forum on Environmenta l exchange of information and th e Key Information Sources Management in May 1990 . It serves promotion of bilateral contact an d Books and papers on sustainabl e both corporate and academic support among member groups . I t development ; audio-visuals o n audiences by promoting th e also promotes and coordinates joint sustainable agriculture understanding of sustainabl e international campaigns an d development at educational African environment/ represents national groups at the institutions and through corporate environnement afi-ican . A quarterly international level . training programs. published in French and Englis h The organization's structure was Structural Adjustment and Key Information Source s strengthened in 1986, with the creatio n Environment in Africa and other of CEAT (Coordination Europeenne , Curriculum Material and Networ k books Directory. A comprehensive Amis de la Terre), FOEI's first regional Vivre autrement. A consumer an d reference guide to environmental network linking European Community eco-development magazine issues as they pertain to business member groups . , available in French only published in September 199 1 n Enda-Distribution Tea m Key Information Sources Online database servic e BP 337 0 FOE Link. A newsletter whic h Daka r circulates information about Course development an d Senegal member groups' activities , management briefing service s Telephone : 221-21-60-27/22 42 29 international campaigns and the Audio-visual and printed materials , Fax: 221-22-26-9 5 activities of the executive com- includes case studies, journal Telex: 51456 mittee, published 10 times a year articles, syllabi and information o n e-mail: GEO2:END A ► ECO. A bulletin which criticizes universitie s n ENDA TM proposals and offers alternatives , Compilations of professional an d 21-23 rue de la Folie-Regnault produced by FOEI and other academic profiles 75011 Paris Cedex environment groups for distributio n France at international meetings attende d n The Environmental Telephone : 33-1-437-2090 9 by FOE campaigners Management Information Fax : 33-1-437-2168 1 Centr e Atmosphere. A quarterly produce d n ENDA-Zimbabwe Management Institut e by FOE-US on ozone-laye r PO Box 3492 for Environment and Busines s depletion and protection Harare 1401 Wilson Boulevard Zimbabwe n FOEI Secretaria t Suite 600, PO Box 1220 8 Telephone : 263-4-708-56 26-28 Underwood Stree t Arlington, Virginia 2220 9 8 London N1 7J Q USA n ENDA Inter-Arab e 6 Impasse de la mer Roug e United Kingdo m Telephone : 703-525-113 3 Ariana, Tunis Telephone : 44-1 253-020 1 Fax : 703-247-8343 Tunisia Fax : 44-1 490-088 1 Telephone : 216-1-718-3040

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GENERAL AGREEMENT ON GLOBAL ENVIRONMEN T GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT TARIFFS AND TRADE (GATT ) MANAGEMENT INITIATIV E MONITORING SYSTEM (GEMS) (GEMI) GATT is a multilateral treaty One of the main components of established in 1947 to regulat e GEMI was formed in 1990 as a centr e Earthwatch, GEMS coordinates an d multinational trade practices unde r of corporate leadership and thinkin g implements environmental the United Nations system . The treaty on environmental management to monitoring and research; it make s signatories undertook to conduct foster environmental excellence by periodic assessments of trade "with a view to raising business worldwide . Working with environmental health and provide s standards of living, ensuring full other global organizations such as the scientific support to Earthwatch . employment and a large and steadily- UNEP and the International These activities involve 142 countries growing volume of real income and Chamber of Commerce, GEMI is and hundreds of national and effective demand, developing the full sketching a new archetype for the international organizations . use of the resources of the world an d successful business of the future . It The GEMS Program Activity Centr e expanding the production an d encourages sound environmenta l manages these activities and exchange of goods" . As a result of th e management at the highest levels an d stimulates the development of new 1972 UN Conference on the cooperates closely with government , monitoring systems . Environment (the Stockholm environmental organizations and Conference), GATT established the concerned citizens . GEMI helped Key Information Sources Working Group on Environmenta l prepare the Charter for Sustainabl e UNEP Environmental Data Report. Measures and International Trade , Development presented at the Compiled biennially by th e charged with analyzing the impacts second World Industry Conferenc e Monitoring and Assessmen t of environmental regulations o n on Environmental Managemen t Research Centre (MARC) attache d trade flows . The Working Group di d (WICEM II) . to the University of London ; not actually convene until 1991 . Key Information Sources provides information on a variety of environmental issue s Trade and development was added to Corporate Quality/Environmental the text of GATT in 1965 . Management Issues . A symposium n GEM S United Nations Environment Key Information Sources Stakeholder communication Programme International Trade Report. An activitie s PO Box 3055 2 annual examination of trend s n Global Environment Nairob i within the framework of Management Initiative Kenya multinational trade ; the 199 1 1829 L Street NW, Suite 71 1 edition deals with trade an d Telephone : 254-2-33393 0 Washington, D .C. 2003 6 environment Fax : 254-2-52088 3 USA Telex: 2206 8 1 Trade Policy Review. A special serie s Telephone : 202-296-744 9 on the trade-related policies an d Fax : 202-296-744 2 practices of member states

1 GATT Focus . The GATT newslette r

News of the Uruguay Round. A pres s bulletin

n GAT T Centre William Rappar d Rue de Lausanne 15 4 CH-1211 Geneva 2 1 Switzerlan d

Telephone : 41-22 739-511 1 Fax: 41-22 731-420 6

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GLOBAL RESOURCES GREENPEACE INTERNATIONA L INTERNATIONAL ACADEM Y INFORMATION DATABAS E OF ENVIRONMENT (IAE) (GRID) Greenpeace aims to halt and reverse destruction of the biosphere, en d The International Academy o f GRID is a program element of nuclear testing, carry ou t Environment is a recently-forme d Earthwatch and a component of th e uncompromising but peaceful action foundation for professiona l Global Environment Monitorin g in defence of the environment, takin g education, training and research in System (GEMS) of the United Nations responsibility of bearing witness at environmental management. It is Environment Programme (UNEP) . the site where damage is being done . supported by the Swiss government , GRID was created to help acces s the Canton of Geneva and th e Greenpeace has been active i n environmental data worldwide using University of Geneva in cooperation stopping whaling, preventing geographic information system s with United Nations environmenta l dumping of toxic wastes , (GIS) . GRID also aims to improve , organizations . campaigning against nuclear test s harmonize and support the use o f and manufacturing of bombs as a The IAE compares regional and GIS and associated data management step towards disarmament. national management of environ- technologies :GRID endeavours t o mental issues . An independen t develop user friendly, free and ope n Key Information Sources international institution, it brings access to environmental informatio n Green peace Magazine is publishe d together decision-makers from the through a global system that works bi-monthl y private and public sectors, academi a "as simply as a telephone network" . Greenpeace makes available and international an d GRID offers training to personnel various computer conferences (se e nongovernmental organizations . from developed and developing Appendix of section on Computer Since May 1991, the IEA has offere d countries in the use of GIS fo r Networks and Conferencin g seminars, workshops and environmental management and a s Systems) conferences on environmental tools for capacity-building for management targeted at decision - sustainable development . Greenpeace Internationa l Keizersgracht 17 6 makers and senior staff from the Key Information Sources 1016 DW Amsterda m public and private sector . The primary emphasis of the academy' s ► Compendium of Global The Netherland s Environment Data . GRID receive s education and training programs will Telephone : 31-20-523-6555 processed data from other source s focus on developing countries an d Fax : 31-20-523-6500 that it keeps in a database, in order Central and Eastern Europe. to make the data more available an d Key Information Source s more useful to other users. As o f International Academy of early 1990, GRID maintained 25 Environment Newsletter data sets ranging from political and natural boundaries of the world to n International Academy o f data on tse tse fly distribution an d Environment elephant range and density. 4, chemin de Conche s 1231 Conche s n UNE P Switzerlan d GRID - Nairob i PO Box 3055 2 Telephone : 41-22-789-131 1 Nairobi Fax: 41-22-789-253 8 Keny a

Telephone : 254-2 333-930 Fax: 254-2 520281

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INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER INTERNATIONAL CENTR E INTERNATIONAL COUNCI L OF COMMERCE (ICC) FOR INTEGRATED MOUNTAIN FOR LOCAL ENVIRONMENTA L DEVELOPMENT (ICIMOD) INITIATIVES (ICLEI) ICC is a non-governmental organization serving world business . ICIMOD promotes the development The primary objective of ICLEI is t o Its membership extends to more than of mountain communities through build the capacity of municipalities t o 100 countries and includes thousands policies and programs which prevent environmental problems of business organizations and integrate modern developmen t before they happen, to respond whe n enterprises with internationa l technologies with effective and they arise, and to enhance both th e interests . sustainable resource management o f natural and built environments at th e highly vulnerable mountain local level . The Chamber focuses its efforts o n ecosystems. The specific objectives of ICLEI is governed by, and for, local representing business inter- the centre include translating existin g governments and their associations nationally, especially at the Unite d knowledge of integrated mountai n that are ICLEI members. Through its Nations and to specialize d development into practical programs , Local Agenda 21 initiative, workin g government agencies. It also works t o and integrating new information int o with teams of municipal officials, the promote world trade and investment policies and projects with built-i n Council assesses critical based on free and fair competition, to sustainable management. environmental needs at the local harmonize trade practices an d level . This constitutes part of th e formulate guidelines and terminolog y The centre focuses on the Hindu ICLEI contribution to UNCED . for importers and exporters, and to Kush-Himalayas . This mountai n provide practical services to business . region covers all or part of eight Key Information Source s states, extends more than 3,50 0 The Urban CO2 Reduction Project. The Commission on Environment of kilometres and contains a rapidly- Involves 14 municipalities learning the ICC exists to assist the business increasing population in excess of from each other, trying to develop community in making constructiv e 100 million in its mountain farming policies to stop global warmin g contributions to solving environ- communities. Even larger where much of it begins—in th e mental problems and in ensurin g populations live on the plains and i n world's citie s that business views are taken into the river basins below in India, Nepal , The Information and Technical account by intergovernmental Pakistan, China and Bangladesh. Exchange. Information about agencies concerned with th e These people are also directly innovative or effective municipal environment. affected by the ecologica l programs to protect the environ- Key Information Sources management of the mountains ment ; available to ICLEI members The ICC Guide to Effective above . ► Case studies and guidance docu- Environmental Auditing 199 1 Key Information Source s ments . For use in the everyday prac - tice of environmental management The Greening of Enterprise, 199 1 Publications . Occasional papers , n International Council for Loca l workshop reports and books , n International Chamber o f Environmental Initiative s including Sustainable Developmen t Commerc e 8th Floor, East Tower, City Hall of Mountain Agriculture, 199 1 38, Cours Albert 1er 100 Queen Stree t 75008 Pari s Documentation and bibliographi c Toronto, Ontario Franc e database service s Canada M5H 2N2 Telephone : 416-392-1462 Telephone : 33-1-49-53-28-28 n ICIMO D Fax : 416-392-147 8 Fax: 33-1-42-25-86-63/32-81 GPO Box 322 6 Telex: 650-372-0732 Kathmandu Nepal n ICLEI Liaison Eschholzstrasse 8 6 Telephone : 977-1 525-313 D-7800 Fax: 977-1 524-509 Freibur g Telex: 2439 Germany Telephone : 49-761-36265 Fax : 49-761-36250

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INDUSTRY COOPERATIVE FO R INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FO R INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMEN T OZONE LAYER PROTECTION RESEARCH IN AGROFORESTRY RESEARCH CENTRE (IDRC) (ICOLP ) (ICRAF) The Parliament of Canada create d ICOLP was founded to identify an d A centre of the Consultative Group on IDRC as an autonomous public collect information concernin g International Agricultural Research , corporation to provide funds an d alternatives to the use of CFCs an d ICRAF contributes to sustainabl e expert advice for development- other substances that deplete th e agriculture by promotin g related research in Third World stratospheric ozone layer, and to agroforestry, a sustainable form o f countries, according to thei r spread this knowledge as widely a s land management based on the us e individual needs and priorities . possible to allow companie s of trees to maintain and/or enhanc e The Centre supports projects that are worldwide to adopt safer substances . the production of food, energy or identified, designed, conducted an d fibre in a fashion consistent with local A coalition of government , managed by researchers in conditions and circumstances . international organizations and developing countries . private industry; ICOLP provides ICRAF has accumulated much IDRC works in various fields , users of ozone-depleting solvents descriptive information o n including environment and natural with a quick, comprehensive sourc e agroforestry systems and practice s resources, human health and of information concerning alternat e worldwide, and maintains a n information systems . The IDRC processes and technologies, national important library collection, library maintains an importan t and international legislation, an d including material on traditional collection on sustainable related government and industry agroforestry practices . development, including the complete activities . Key Information Source s collection of materials of the World Key Information Sources Agroforestry Systems. A journal fo r Commission on Environment an d OZONET . A database created b y the rapid publication of research Development (available for sale in Northern Telecom to provid e results microfiche) . solvent users with information o n Agroforestiy Systems Inventory. A Key Information Sources alternate technologie s reprint series including IDRC Reports. Appears quarterl y n Industry Cooperative for Ozon e descriptions of site-specific an d and informs about the work IDRC Layer Protectio n often traditional agroforestry support s 1440 New York Avenue NW, #30 0 systems and practices For Earth's Sake. A report from th e Washington, D .C. 2000 5 AgroforestiyAbstracts . Appears four Commission on Developing USA times a year Countries & Global Chang e Telephone : 202-737-1419 1 Agroforestry Today. A newslette r IDRC databases, including the library databas e n ICRA F Gigiri (off Limuru Road) n IDR C PO Box 3067 7 250 Albert S t Nairob i PO Box 8500 Kenya Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1G 3H9 Telephone : 254-2-52145 0 Fax : 254-2-52100 1 Telephone : 613-236-616 3 e-mail : Dialcom :157 :cgi236 Fax: 613-238-7230

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INTERNATIONAL INSTITUT E INSTITUTE OF INSTITUTE FOR EUROPEA N FOR ENVIRONMENT & DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (IDS) ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIE S DEVELOPMENT (TIED) (IEEP) Located at the University of Sussex, Established 20 years ago, the IIED is a IDS examines Third Worl d IEEP, founded as an integral part of the leading policy research institut e development and the relationshi p European Cultural Foundation , seeking ways to make economic between rich and poor countries . It is analyzes strategies and alternatives fo r progress without destroying th e involved in research, teaching, an d the development of policies environmental resource base . Guided advisory work involving development concerning environmental problem s by research, the Institute operates i n problems . It is particularly intereste d in Europe. The Institute operates via the areas of sustainable agriculture , in adjustment strategies for countries inter-governmental commissions, a s drylands management, forestry and facing declining commodity expor t well as working closely with non - land use, human settlements and prices and heavy indebtedness ; it als o governmental organizations, to environmental economics , involves itself in issues of poverty, generate solutions for existing environmental consequences an d employment, income distribution problems . It is involved in promoting sustainability of social and economi c and the international flow of various activities related to the envi- development, especially in the Third resources through aid, trade and ronment in host countries, carrying World . The majority of the Institute' s financial transactions. out major studies, and organizin g work is done in the developing world meetings, workshops, and lectures . Key Information Source s for the benefit of the poor. /The IDS Library. A centre fo r Key Information Sources Key Information Source s documentation on Third Worl d 1 The Environment in Europe. A HIED Perspectives appears twic e development and a depository fo r periodical published in English, yearly UN publications ; houses 250,00 0 French and German non-serial and 15,000 serial title s 1 Haramata Diylands Bulletin / Papers and other publication s appears quarterly I IDS Bulletin . Published quarterly, n IEE P covering issues in agriculture, rura l 1 Environment and Urbanizatio n Aloys-Schulterstrasse 6 problems, politics, economi c appears twice a yea r D-5300 Bonn 1 development, socialist strategies , Germany FR 1 Earthscan Publications Inc. is an gender issues, health, education , editorially independent subsidiary employment, trade, aid, debt and Telephone : (49-22.8) 21 3810 / of the International Institute fo r poverty (49 228) 22 097 2 Environment and Development. Fax: (49 228) 22 198 2 n Institute of Development Studie s Many Earthscan titles are essentia l Telex: 88688 5 University of Susse x readings on sustainabl e Brighton BN1 9R E developmen t n IEE P United Kingdom London Branch Office n IIED Telephone : 44-273 - 3 Endsleigh Stree t 3 Endsleigh Stree t 606261/67826 9 London WC IH ODD London WC1H OD D Fax: 44-273-67842 0 United Kingdo m United Kingdom Telex: 877997 Telephone : 44-71-388-211 7 Telephone : 44-71-338-211 7 Fax : 44-71-388-2826 Fax: 44-71-388-282 6 Telex : 26168 1

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INDUSTRY AND ENVIRONMEN T INSTITUTE FOR AFRICAN INTERNATIONA L OFFICE (IEO-UNEP) ALTERNATIVES (IFAA) INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABL E DEVELOPMENT (IISD) Part of the United Nations Environment IFAA is a network institute with a Programme (UNEP), the Industry an d secretariat in London and centres i n The International Institute for Environment Office was established in various African countries . Involved in Sustainable Development promote s 1975 to bring industry, governments and publishing, policy research, an d sustainable development in decision - NGOs together to work toward environ- networking, IFAA has established a n making at all levels, and within and mentally-sound forms of industrial environment unit to promote between all sectors . The Institut e development . The office concentrates research on environmental practice , engages in policy research and on formulating and promoting formulate alternative policies aime d communications, focusing on appropriate policies and strategies . It at reversing Africa's environmental programs in international trade , seeks to define and encourage the decline, and coordinate the efforts o f business strategy, national budgets incorporation of environmental criteri a African and international NGOs and and new institutions that support in industrial development; to formulate institutions working on sustainabl e sustainable development . Poverty and facilitate the implementation of development issues . eradication is central to its research principles and procedures to protect th e theme . IISD works in partnershi p IFAA provides information on environment; to promote the use of safe, with other organizations to create environment and development issue s low and non-waste technologies new approaches to the complex through conferences, courses, publi c (LNW1) and to stimulate the exchange environment and developmen t lectures, publications and it s of information and experience on envi- problems facing the world . documentations centre . ronmentally-sound forms of industria l Key Information Source s development throughout the world. Key Information Sources Business Strategy for Sustainabl e Africa In Print. Reviews books o n Key Information Source s Development: Leadership and African social, economic an d The International Cleaner Production Accountability for the `90s Clearing House (ICPIC) . A computer- environmental issues IISD Monitor. A single issu e based information exchange system IFAA Catalogue . Includes a listing of ► periodical on sustainabl e with 600 technology and program case new IFAA publications, available development studies, a calendar of training events, a upon request from the IFAA directory of experts, and a biblio- London office n International Institute for graphic database; access by mode m Sustainable Development IFAA EGO NEWS. The IFAA Query-Response Service . Respond s 161 Portage Avenue East, 6th Floo r Environmental Unit's newsletter . to specific requests for technical Winnipeg, Manitoba information on the industria l n Institute for African Alternatives Canada R3B OY4 environmen t 23 Bevenden Street Telephone : 204-958-770 0 The Cleaner Production Directory London Ni 6BH Fax : 204-958-771 0 The Cleaner Production Newsletter United Kingdom e-mail : IISD@web .apc .org Technical Reviews and Guidelines. Telephone : 071-251-150 3 Describes clean technologies and Fax: 071-253-080 1 future perspective s Telex: 26243 3 Industry and Environment Review . e-mail : GN:IFAANET A quarterly presenting informatio n on emerging technologies n United Nations Environment Programme Industry and Environment Offic e Tour Mirabea u 39-43, Quai Andre Citroen Paris CEDEX 1 5 75739 France Telephone : 33-1-40-58-88-5 8 Fax: 33-1-40-58-88-88/74

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INTERNATIONA L INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL REGISTE R ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATIO N OF CONSUMERS UNION S OF POTENTIALLY TOXI C SYSTEM (INFOTERRA ) (IOCU) CHEMICALS (IRPTC)

Part of the United Nation s An international consumers-right s IRPTC was established in 1975 as one Environment Programme (UNEP) , advocacy group, IOCU seeks to rais e of the three main components of INFOTERRA is a decentralized global environmental awareness amon g Earthwatch (see UNEP) . network for information exchange o n consumers and to identify and Through a network of regional and the environment . It was established in monitor potential abuses in national correspondents, the register 1975 as one of the three component s environmental claims, eco-labelling makes data on chemicals available to of Earthwatch (see GEMS and IRPTC) . and green advertising. Its majo r those who need it. The network is made up of national thematic conferences examine way s focal points (NFPs), a program activity to make industries and businesses Key Information Sources centre (PAC) based at UNEP i n more environmentally-friendly an d IRPTC Bulleti n Nairobi, and regional services centres . deal with the question of It operates a worldwide network to environmental standards . IRPTC databas e assist organizations and individuals in n Key Information Sources Palais des Nation s locating technical, scientific, an d CH-1211 Geneva 1 0 Buying the Earth. A report on th e decision-oriented information. Switzerland environmental consequences of a INFOTERRA depends on the more liberal trade system, a s Telephone : 41-22 798-585 0 cooperation of more than 6,00 0 currently being negotiated with Fax : 41-22 733-267 3 information sources accessed via 14 0 GATT NFPs around the world. Onlin e computer searches of majo r An information kit prepared for th e databases around the world are 1992 World Consumer Rights Day. offered free to developing countries . Carries information sheets o n environmental issues concernin g Key Information Source s consumers, a checklist for possibl e 1 INFOTERRA World Directory of action and case studies o f Environmental Expertise . A consumer actio n directory of more than 6,00 0 entries, also available in machine - Newsletter . IOCU Regional Office readable form under Micro for Europe and North America CDS/ISIS ; part four of this edition n Emmastraat 9 includes a list of major environ- 2595 E G mental libraries, databases an d The Hagu e database hosts The Netherland s INFOTERRA Bulletin. A bi-monthl y Telephone : 31-70-347-633 1 publication Fax: 31-70-383-4976 Environet. The INFOTERRA electronic mail system, available t o users for querying INFOTERRA an d for document transfer s n INFOTERRA UNEP PO Box 3055 2 Nairob i Kenya Telephone : 254-2 520600/333930 Fax: 254-2 52071 1 Telex: 2206 8 e-mail (Environet ) Dialcom :141 :UN011

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ISLAND PRES S INTERMEDIATE TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL UNION DEVELOPMENT GROUP (ITDG) FOR THE CONSERVATIO N In 1984 Island Press, a small OF NATURE (IUCN) publisher with a diverse list of books , ITDG helps poor people in the Thir d (WORLD CONSERVATION UNION ) was reorganized into an organizatio n World to develop and us e focusing exclusively o n technologies and methods which give IUCN works to provide knowledge an d environmental issues . It publishe s them more control over their live s leadership for sustainable devel- practical and solution-oriented book s and which contribute to the long - opment to public and private secto r on problems which threaten health , term development of their agencies throughout the world. It seeks well-being and the sustainability of communities. to assist governments to develop life on Earth . To date it has produce d international conventions and nationa l Key Information Sources more than 60 books from both laws on conservation . IUCN environmental organizations an d Books by Post 1992. A catalogue of collaborated with WWF, UNESCO, and individuals. recommended books o n UNFAO in the publishing of the World appropriate technology an d Conservation Strategy, an important Key Information Source s development issue s internatioal conservation statement. Steady-State Economics n Intermediate Technology IUCN is a unique membership The Complete Guide to Environmen t Myson House organization, linking governmental Careers, the CEIP Fund Railway Terrace and non-governmental organization s Rugby CV21 3HT and operating via internationa l Permaculture. A Practical Guide fo r United Kingdo m working groups . IUCN also maintains a Sustainable Future an Environmental Law Centre in Bonn . Our Country, the Plane t n Intermediate Technolog y Key Information Source s Publications n Caring for the Earth. A strategy for Island Press/Centre for Resourc e 103-105 Southampton Row Economics sustainable living published i n London WC1B 4H H partnership with UNEP and WW F 1718 Connecticut Avenue NW United Kingdom Suite 30 0 (1991 Revised Version) Washington, D .C . 2000 9 Telephone: 44-71-436-9761 Conserving the World's Biological USA Fax: 44-71-436-2013 Diversity. Information about th e conservation of biodiversity Population and Sustainable Develop - ment. A report of the IUCN Tas k Force on Population and Conser - vation for Sustainable Development Economics and Biological Diversity . Information about developing and using economic incentives to conserve biological resource s nIUCN Avenue du Mont-Blanc CH-1106 Gland, Switzerland Telephone: 41-22-649114 Fax: 41-22-642926 n IUCN Environmental Law Centr e Adenauerallee 214 D-53 Bonn 1 Germany Telephone: 49-228-269-2231 Fax: 49-228-269-2250

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THE JAPAN COMMITTEE FO R KENYA CONSUMERS' MAZINGIRA INSTITUTE THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT ORGANIZATION (KCO ) A non-profit organization concerne d Consisting of 150 members, including KCO is an independent, non-profit with equitable development an d business leaders, labour unions and organization which has identifie d environmental sustainability, the the media, and with secretariat at consumer activism as one of the mos t Mazingira Institute is involved in three institutions (listed below), th e tangible ways of promoting information, communication an d Japan committee was established t o sustainable development in Africa. I t education activities. Its work is based promote global environmenta l promotes consumer responsibility in on an interdisciplinary approach to awareness in Japan . Kenya and encourages research on the issues of human settlements and climate change in Africa, focusing o n environmental management, gender, At home, the committee builds the implications of analysis an d health and environmental awareness, consensus between government and recommendations for policy peace, cooperation and environment . the people on efforts targeting the responses . KCO also works to raise Through its publications, distance- preservation of the global environment awareness of the linkages between education program, workshops and and promotes efforts to create an consumption patterns and climatic seminars, the institute disseminate s environmentally-friendly and changes in Africa. information on sustainable sustainable society. Abroad, the Japan development to primary schools , committee encourages internationa l Key Information Sources grassroots institutions and th e cooperation with developing countries Impact. An important source o f population at large . in achieving sustainable development , research information o n and conducts campaigns advocating perspectives about change in Key Information Source s active participation in safeguarding th e Africa; also an importan t The Mazingira Institute Magazin e global environment. networking tool for KC O and Mazingira Institute Video-book. Both cover health an d Key Information Sources n Kenya Consumer Organizatio n environment issues at the primary The Environmental Information (KCO) school level Centre . Collects, classifies and PO Box 2113 6 disseminates information o n Nairobi n Mazingira Institute science and technology-related to Kenya Box 455 0 environmental preservation Nairob i Telephone : 254-2-22-60-28/ n Kenya Environmental Informatio n 72-94-47 Centre (Headquarters) Fax: 254-2-56-81-67 Telephone: 254-2-47-066 Toranomon First Buildin g Fax : 254-2-740-52 4 1-5-8 Toranomo n Minato-ku, Tokyo 105 Japan Telephone : 81-3-3595-3992

n Global Industrial and Social Progress Research Institute 33 Mori Building 3-8-21 Toranomo n Minato-ku, Tokyo 105 Japan Telephone : 81-3-3435-880 0

n Association for Promotio n of International Cooperatio n 23 Mori Building 1-23-7 Toranomon Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan Telephone : 81-3-3504-208 5

24 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V O R G A N I Z A T I O N S

THE PANOS INSTITUT E REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTA L RESEAU SAHELIEN CENTRE FOR CENTRAL AN D D'INFORMATION ET Panos is an independent informatio n EASTERN EUROPE DE DOCUMENTATIO N and policy-studies institute working SCIENTIFIQUES ET TECHNIQUES internationally to promote greater The Centre, which opened i n (RESADOC) INSTITUT DU SAHE L awareness of sustainable September 1990, is an independent, development . Information about th e non-profit foundation endowed by The Institut du Sahel coordinates an d institute's activities, publications , government and privat e promotes research and training t o partnership arrangements and join t contributions . Operating under the combat drought and is part of the information facilities is availabl e direction of an international Board o f Comite permanent inter-Etats de annually in the Panos Annual Report , Trustees, it promotes regional lutte contre la secheresse dans le published in June . approaches to environmental Sahel (CILSS) . management and provides a forum Key Information Source s Resadoc, the Sahelian Scientific an d for increasing public communicatio n Technological Information and Panoscope. The Institute's monthly and access to environmenta l Documentation Network, operates i n magazine information. Expertise and resources a networking mode with Sahelian come from around the world . Greenlink. Environment countries to share information o n information from the Third World The Centre's first task has been t o drought . Funded by external ai d Miracle or Menace: Biotechnology establish a broad base o f agencies, including CIDA, IDRC , and the Third World. A new repor t environmental information , UNESCO and French bilateral aid, on patent rights to geneti c including electronically-accesse d Resadoc has developed an important resource s sources . Its main functions are to database of information . serve as a regional training ground fo r Key Information Sources ► Panos Feedback . A new publicatio n environmental technologies, conduc t from the Hungarian office which educational and public outreac h Resindex. A periodical bibliograph y informs Eastern European readers campaigns and provide advice to the on the Sahe l about regional environmenta l region's rapidly-expanding NG O ► Bibliographic databases concern s community . n Institut du Sahe l n The Panos Institut e Key Information Sources BP 153 0 9, White Lion Stree t Environmental database s Bamako London Ni 9P D Mali United Kingdo m Print materials and publication s Telephone : 223-22-21-48 Telephone : 44-71-278-1111 . n Regional Environmental Centr e Fax : 223-22-21-7 8 Fax: 44-71-278-0345 . for Central and Eastern Europ e Telex: 941929 3 Miklos ter 1 e-mail : 87 :CQQ265 Budapest Hungary 1035

Telephone : 36-1-168 - 6284/8685/9463/820 3 Fax : 36-1-168-7851

25 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

A GLOBAL UNION SOCIETY FOR INTERNATIONAL SOUTH CENTR E FOR TECHNOLOGIE S DEVELOPMENT (SID) FOR ENVIRONMENT An international organizatio n AND SUSTAINABLE SID is an association for people with established in 1990 as a follow-u p DEVELOPMENT (SATIS) an interest in international office of the South Commission , economic, political and socia l South Centre promotes the SATIS is an international associatio n development . It promotes implementation of th e of research institutes, international, international dialogue, under - recommendations contained in the national and intergovernmental standing, and cooperation for social commission's report, The Challenge organizations working in the field o f and economic development, aime d of the South. appropriate technologica l at furthering the well-being of people South Centre convenes expert group s alternatives for sustainabl e and achieving an interdependent or commissions papers on issue s development . The institute assist s world of self-reliant nations . The such as the reform of the UN system, communicators, development society seeks to encourage, suppor t environment and sustainabl e workers'and technologists to apply and facilitate the creation of a sense development, food security and othe r development skills in science, of community among individual s topics which may have a vital bearing technology and management. and organizations committed to on the development prospects of the development . Finally, SID i s Key Information Sources South. The organization has offices in committed to advancing develop- Dar-es-Salaam and Geneva. Who's Appropriate, a program ment through educational means . which promotes new technologies; Key Information Source s the Replication Project matche s SID has more than 9,000 members i n The Challenge of the South . The suppliers and potential users of 132 countries . A significant part of the ► report issued by the Sout h proven sustainable developmen t society's work is carried out throug h 87 SID chapters which provide activ e Commission, assesses the South' s The SATIS Classification . A programs geared to the interests o f achievements and failings in th e collection of information on their communities . development field and suggests technology, environment an d directions for reform sustainable development Key Information Sources The South Letter. A quarterly Compass. A newsletter providing SATIS News . A quarterly which acts newsletter detailed information on SID' s as a networking tool ; both the latter international programs as well as Environment and Development. publications are available o n contact between chapters and Towards a Common Strategy of the electronic networks through the member s South in the UNCED negotiation s SatisNet Servic e and Beyon d Development. A quarterly journal n SATI S which invites examination of th e n South Centr e BP 2664 development experience , Chemin du Champ d'Anier 1 7 Dakar questions conventional wisdom Case postale 22 8 Senegal and explores sustainable 1211 Geneva 1 9 Telephone : 221-21-75-9 5 development strategies Switzerlan d Fax: 221-21-26-9 5 n Society for Internationa l Telephone : 41-22-798-343 3 e-mail : Geo2:Satis Development Fax : 41-22-798-853 1 Palazzo della Civilta del Lavor o 00144 Rome n South Centr e Italy PO Box 7100 0 Dar-es-Salaam Telephone : 39-6-591-7897 , Tanzania 592-550 6 Fax : 39-6-591-983 6 Telephone: 255-51-46-92 4 Telex: 616484 Fax : 255-51-46-146

26 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V O R G A N I Z A T I O N S

STOCKHOLM ENVIRONMEN T SUSTAINABILITY TATA ENERGY RESEARC H INSTITUT E INSTITUTE (TERI ) SustainAbility is an environmenta l The SEI was established in 1989 , communications and consultancy TERI operates training programs on following an initiative of the Swedish group involved in the greening of energy and the environment for civil Government. business . servants, including a session devote d exclusively to the concept o f Central to the Institute's work are the The company has published a sustainable development . insights to these issues developed by number of important titles and ha s the Stockholm Conference of 1972 and been at the leading edge in An Information and Research Centre subsequently elaborated by the wor k promoting and communicating on Global Warming and Climati c of the Brandt and Palme Commissions about sustainable development for a Change has recently been establishe d and more recently, by the Report of th e variety of audiences, including to gather and disseminate information World Commission for Environment consumers, the private sector and th e through research, publications an d and Development in 1987. media . audio-visual materials . The ne w centre will also lend analytical support SEI uses scientific and technica l Key Information Sources to the Indian government o n analysis as a point of departure for The Corporate Environmentalists : questions relating to global warming. the specification of minimal harm Selling sustainable development but technologies and the development of can they deliver ? In addition, the headquarters of the policies which can contribute to Asian Energy Institute (AEI) are strategies for socially responsible The Green Business Guide located at TERI, allowing the poolin g environmental management and The Green Consumer Guid e of expertise in a variety of fields fo r economic development. countering global environmental and many other title s problems . A research program has bee n n designed around the themes of SustainAbility Key Information Source s The People's Hal l environmental biosafety and issues i n Documentation and Informatio n 91-97 Freston Road agricultural biotechnology for foo d Centre; TERI Information Services : London W11 4B D security, developing techniques an d provide information on a wid e United Kingdom strategies for responding to climatic range of subjects including energy , change, assessing energy futures and Telephone : 44-71-243-1277 environment, biotechnology an d issues in economics, ethics and Fax : 44-71-243-0364 forestry environmental value. ► TERI Information Service on Globa l Key Information Sources Warming (TISGLOW), articles , Main Series of publications of SE I abstracts, digests and book review s researcher s published biannually t o disseminate information on globa l 1 Energy, Environment and warming, available on reques t Development Series of publications Audio-visual materials n Stockholm Environment Institut e Databases on socio-economi c Box 2142 Jarntorget 84 S-103 indicators useful for computing 103 14 Stockhol m greenhouse gas emissions Sweden n TATA Energy Research Institut e Telephone: 46-8-723-026 0 102, Jor Bagh Fax : 46-8-723-0348 New Delhi India 110003

Telephone : 91-11-462-529 6 Fax: 91-11-462-177 0 Telex: 3161593

27 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

THIRD WORLD NETWORK UNION OF INTERNATIONAL UNITED NATIONS CONFERENC E (TWN ) ASSOCIATIONS (USA) ON ENVIRONMENT AN D DEVELOPMENT (UNCED ) The Third World Network (TWN) is a Established in 1907, the UIA SECRETARIAT network of groups and individual s facilitates the evolution of th e involved in efforts to bring about a activities of a worldwide network o f The UNCED Secretariat was greater articulation of the needs an d non-profit organizations, especially established following the UN General rights of people in the Third World ; a NGOs or voluntary organizations . I t Assembly resolution on UNCED . I t fair distribution of world resources also promotes understanding of provides the structure an d and forms of development which international bodies . mechanism guiding the official fulfill people's needs and that are UNCED process, and commissions The institute maintains contact with ecologically and humanely reports and expert consultations, 17,000 international NGOs ; it has harmonious . including those that have produce d consultative status with UNESCO , drafts of Agenda 21 . The Third World Network was formed ILO and ECOSOC. during an international conference Key Information Source s Key Information Sources The Third World : Development or ' Country reports to UNCE D Crisis?' organized by the Consumers ' Yearbook of International Association of Penang (CAP) i n Organizations. A three-volum e Various computer conferences November 1984 . TWN also seeks t o directory listing 26,656 bodies by containing all officia l coordinate and consolidat e national directories of secretariat s communications of UNCED, cooperation among development and membership, and by global including Agenda 21 ; the draft text groups in the South as well as the action networks, respectively ; no t of conventions (see the section o n North . CAP is the Secretariat an d available as a computer databas e Computer Networks and Conferencing Systems for details ) clearinghouse of the Network . n Union of International Key Information Sources Associations In Our Hands, Earth Summer '92. A Rue Washington 4 0 plethora of official backgroun d Third World Network Features aims Brussels B-105 0 information commissioned fo r to become a voice of non-govern- Belgiu m UNCE D mental organizations in the Third World. Many of TWN stories ar e Telephone : 32-2-640-180 8 n United Nations Conference collected from groups working at Fax : 32-2-649-3269 on Environment an d grassroots level and deal with com- Developmen t munity activities and development PO Box 8 0 160 Route de Florissan t Third World Economics. Trends & Conches CH-123 1 Analysis appears every two weeks Switzerlan d and gives news and analyses that reflect grassroots interests o f Telephone : 41-22-789-167 6 people in the Third Worl d Fax: 41-22-789-353 6 e-mail: UNCED@IGC .APC .OR G Third World Resurgence appears monthly and seeks to give a Third n UNCED New York Offic e World perspective on many issues Room S-3060 United Nations related to international development, New York, N .Y . 1001 7 and to sustainable development USA n Third World Network Telephone : 212-963-596 9 87 Cantonment Road Fax : 212-963-101 0 10250 Penang Malaysi a

Telephone : 60-4-373511, 37361 2 Fax: 60-4-368106

28 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V O R G A N I Z A T I O N S

UNITED NATION S UNITED NATION S UNITED NATION S DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMEN T UNIVERSITY (UNU) PROGRAMME (UNDP ) PROGRAMME (UNEP) An organ of the United Nation s UNDP is an organization of th e UNEP was established in 1972 on the founded in 1973, UNU is an United Nations linked to the General basis of the UN Conference on the international community of scholars Assembly and to the United Nations Environment: The Stockholm engaged in research, training and Economic and Social Council Conference . The role of UNEP is t o information dissemination . Through (ECOSOC) . UNDP assists developing coordinate and stimulate its research and training centres i n countries in promoting human environmental action within the U N Africa and Europe, UNU promotes development and developing th e system . It has a distinct role from and stimulates the understanding o f capacity to manage their economies . UNDP and other development development as part of global organizations which fund transformation . UNDP plays a leading role in development activities directly . coordinating the development effort s The university's major program areas of the United Nations system . It has Significant information programs for the 1990s have significant elements launched a Sustainable Developmen t coordinated by UNEP include the of sustainable development, includin g Network (SDN), which aims to lin k Global Environment Monitoring universal human values and globa l governmental, NGO, grassroots an d Systems (GEMS), the Internationa l responsibilities, new directions in th e entrepreneurial organizations which Environmental Information Syste m world economy, sustaining global life - could benefit from and/or contribut e (INFOTERRA), and the International support systems, advances in science , to economic development that i s Register of Potentially Toxic and technology and populatio n sustainable and environmentally Chemicals (IRPTC) . dynamics and human welfare . sound . Key Information Sources Key Information Source s Key Information Sources Earthwatch Monographs : Human Development Report. Food & Energy: Strategies fo r Global Environmenta l Published yearly ; available fro m Sustainable Developmen t Management System (GEMS ) Oxford University Pres s Social Indicators for Huma n Global Resource Environment Handbook and Guidelines fo r Developmen t Database (GRID) Environmental Management and Agroforestry in the African Humid Sustainable Developmen t International Environmental Tropics Information System (INFOTERRA) Choices: The Magazine for Human ► Periodicals: Developmen t International Register o f ► Global. Environmental Change Potentially Toxic Chemicals Annual Report of the Administrato r (IRPTC ) Abstracts of Selected Solar Energy Azimuths. A monthly documentary Technology Industry and Environment Bureau magazine for television broadcast Mountain Research an d worldwide (see Audio-visual entry) Our Planet. A bi-monthly Development. Published jointly magazine ; available free of charg e Sustainable Development Network with IM S Newsletter. The newsletter of th e Various database s n United Nations University UNDP-SDN Technical Support n United Nations Environment Toho Seimei Bld g Uni t Programm e 15-1 Shibuya 2-Chom e n United Nations Developmen t PO Box 3055 2 Shibuya-ku Programm e Nairob i Tokyo 150 One United Nations Plaza Kenya Japan New York, N .Y . 1001 7 Telephone : 254-2-333930 , Telephone : 81-3-499-281 1 USA ext. 4311, 4316, 52060 0 Fax: 81-3-499-282 8 Telephone : 212-906-500 0 Fax: 254-2-520883 Telex: 25442 Fax: 212-906-5364 Telex: 22068

29 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

WORLD BANK (INTERNATIONAL WORLD CONSERVATIO N WORLD ENVIRONMENT BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION MONITORING CENTRE CENTER (WEC) AND DEVELOPMENT) (WCMC) Founded in 1974, WEC is an Through its Environmen t WCMC is an independen t independent, not-for-profit, non - Department, which focuses primarily organization established by th e advocacy environmental on policy and operationa l World Conservation Union (IUCN) , organization which contributes t o environmental units located withi n the World Wide Fund for Natur e sustainable development by each major geographic division, th e (WWF) and the United Nation s strengthening environmental World Bank has become a significant Environment Program (UNEP) . Its management and industrial health source of ideas and case studie s mission is to support international and safety practices worldwide . about sustainable development. programs for conservation an d Through three major programs, WE C sustainable development . serves as a bridge for the exchange o f The World Bank is well-placed to take information and expertise betwee n on a leadership role among multilateral WCMC gathers data on species , industry and governments, as well a s agencies because of its annual budge t habitats and sites through an among non-governmental, national, of US $22 billion and its influenc e extensive global network . It and international organizations . WEC which now extends to Eastern Europe disseminates this informatio n receives funding, expertise an d and to developing nations . through information networks and materials from governments, national data centres in developing countries The World Bank assumes special and international agencies, industry , to governments, development initiatives such as the Global foundations, and private citizens . agencies, NGOs and multinationa l Environmental Facility (GEF), which Voluntary expert services are a corporations, as well as to individual funds projects that address global hallmark of WEC's programs . scientists, journalists an d environmental problems such as conservationists . Key Information Source s biodiversity loss, and supports regional initiatives such as the African Key Information Sources IEDS Review. Published by th e World Environment Center Environmental Action Plans . ' WCMC's data banks . Include s Key Information Sources information on plant and animal Pollution Prevention Pays and species of conservation concern , Chlorine Safety Pays . Two recen t World Development Report 1992 is important natural habitats, sites o f WEC title s devoted to the theme o f biological diversity, the global environment and development n World Environment Cente r network of national parks an d 419 Park Avenue South ' Annual Report of the World Bank protected areas, and the volume Suite 1800 Environment Department and impact of the international New York, N .Y . 1001 6 trade in wildlife The Working Paper Series, a serie s USA of sustainable development views ' WCMC's conservation Telephone : 212-683-470 0 from the Environment Department bibliography . Contains bot h Fax: 212-683-505 3 published and unpublishe d "Red cover" reports are public literature versions of internal studie s n World Conservation Monitorin g Slide and video program s Centr e n World Bank 219 Huntingdon Roa d 1818 H St . N .W. Cambridge CB3 OD L Washington, D .C. 20433 United Kingdom USA Telephone : 44-223-27731 4 Telephone : 202-477-1234 Fax : 44-223-277136 Fax : 202-334-8750/473-311 7 Telex : 440098

30 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T Y O R G A N I Z A T I O N S

WORLD RESOURCES WORLD WIDE FUN D WORLDWATCH INSTITUT E INSTITUTE (WRI) FOR NATURE (VVWF ) Largely as a result of its State of th e WRI is a research and policy institute Founded in 1961, the WWF is one of World Report, which has appeare d helping governments, the private the largest independent nature annually since 1984, the Worldwatch sector, environmental and develop- conservation and advocacy Institute is well-known in the field o f ment organizations and others addres s organizations . WWF seeks to sustainable development. the question : How can societies meet promote sustainable developmen t Worldwatch is known both fo r human needs and nurture economi c through various activities an d analysis and interpretation of existing growth without destroying the natural programs . In the conservation data and for its ability to put comple x resources and environmental integrity fieldwork projects, members liste n issues into clear, concise language . that makes prosperity possible? and learn from local people , The Institute focuses on informin g incorporating their economic and WRI's projects are directed at deter - policy makers and the public abou t social needs into projects, and buil d mining the effects of natural resources the interdependence of the worl d on local knowledge and skills . The deterioration on economic develop- economy, and environmental and organization's other sustainable ment, and alleviating of poverty and social support systems . development activities include polic y hunger in developing countries. development in collaboration with Key Information Source s WRI is an independent, not-for-profit governments, nongovernmen t 1991 State of the World Report. corporation. In developing countries , organizations, aid agencies , Seeks ways to design a healthy the institute's Center for Internationa l commerce and industry. WWF economy without destroying th e Development and Environment provides institutional support for environmental systems on which provides policy advice, technical sustainable development . economy depends assistance and other support service s Key Information Sources to governments, nongovernmental 1992 State of the World Report. organizations and local group s WWF publishes many issue-specifi c Focuses on environmental charged with managing natural publication s interdependence and its impact on national development in a wide resources and economic development . WWF Report. Issued six times a yea r range of area s Key Information Sources WWF Conservation Yearbook Worldwatch Paper Series World Resources 1991-1992, a Guide The New Road. A quarterly about to the Global Environment: Toward n Worldwatch Institute religion, ethics and sustainabl e Sustainable Development. 1775 Massachusetts Avenue NW developmen t Published in collaboration with Washington, D .C . 2003 6 UNEP and UNDP, this is a n n World Wide Fund International USA essential source of data and Avenue du Mont-Blan c Telephone : 202-452-199 9 information on global change and CH-1196 Glan d sustainable development Switzerland

WRI has published more than 7 0 Telephone : 41-22-649-11 1 titles on agriculture; energy, climat e or contact the regional WWF office and pollution ; economics and sustainable development; and natural resources

n World Resources Institut e 1709 New York Avenue NW, 7th Floo r Washington, D .C. 2000 6 USA

Telephone : 202-638-630 0 Fax: 202-638-003 6 Telex: 64414

31 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

ZED BOOKS

Zed Books issues books on a variety of issues related to global change , including environmental deterioration, poverty and development, international trade , primary health care, international refugee reliefs, etc .

These books seek ways in whic h sustainable development in both North and South can move beyond convenient rhetoric and become a practical reality.

Key Information Sources Zed Books . New Titles. Spring 1992

n Zed Books Ltd . 57 Caledonian Roa d London N1 9B U United Kingdo m

Telephone : 44-71-837-4014/846 6 Fax : 44-71-833-396 0

S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V P U B L I C A T I O N S

Publication s

One way to quantify the increase in publications relating to sustainabl e

development is by searching the commercially available data bases . The firs t

title containing the words "sustainable development " appeared in 1979 . By

1991, there were over 2,000 titles stored in more than 150 bibliographic dat a

bases. In 1987, the year the Brundtland Commission's Our Common Future wa s

published, 50 articles on the major North American news data bases and wir e

services contained the term " sustainable development. " By mid-May 1992,

there were over 700 for 1992 alone .

Our search has been comprehensive, covering the major databases noted in a

later section of this report . It has been possible to list only a fraction of th e

citations we accessed . Sectoral and regional citations, in particular, are only a

small sample of the available information . Most of the extensive UNCED

literature base is absent from this first edition of the Sourcebook .

The wealth of publications now available on issues linking the environment ,

development, and human welfare covers an extraordinary range of opinion .

We have narrowed our focus in this section to what might be called seminal

works on sustainable development, such as Our Common Future, World

Conservation Strategy, and the annual State of the World from the Worldwatc h

Institute, as well as other key publications from the United Nations, Worl d

Resources Institute, the OECD, the World Bank, and various publisher s

including environment and development-oriented ones such as Earthscan ,

Island Press, and Zed . Our other focus has been academic papers from

universities and thinktanks around the world . Missing from this version of

Sourcebook on Sustainable Development, but to be contained in future versions ,

is a listing of popular periodicals, newsletters, and journals .

We have tried to avoid an elaborate subdivision of topics in our classification of

literature . Certain themes, for example, health and technology for sustainabl e

development, are notable by their absence . Other topics such as trade and

sustainable development, and indigenous peoples' perspective on sustainabl e

development are covered in much more detail within other IISD reports

devoted to these specific themes .

33 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

Contents Information on Environment an d sustainable development Natural Resource s

' Genera l Biological Diversity

Guidebooks Environmen t

Energy and Global Climate Economy and Ecology Change

►Food and Agriculture Law and Public Policy Forests and Wate r

Social and Oceans and Coastal Area s Community Issue s and Solution s Investment fo r Sustainable Development ►Ethics, Spirituality and Religio n Military Population and Carrying Capacity ' Technology and Training Human Settlement Credit,Debt and Structura l Poverty and Well-being of People Adjustment

Community and People's Business Participatio n Development Assistance Education and Sustainabl e Livelihood s Regional and Countr y Women and Youth Reports: A Samplin g of Available Studie s

General Source s

Africa

►Asia Europ e

Latin America and the Caribbean

North Americ a

South Pacific and Australia

S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V P U B L I C A T I O N S

Canadian Round Table on th e Davidson, A. and M . Dence . 1988 . Informatio n Environment and the Economy. Brundtland challenge and the cost of on Sustainabl e 1991 . On the road to Brazil: Th e inaction. Halifax : Institute for Developmen t Earth Summit. Ottawa: National Research on Public Policy. 159pp . General Round Table on the Environmen t ► and the Economy. 136pp . DeFries, R .S . and T .F . Malone. 1989 .

Angell, D .J.R . 1990. Sustaining Earth: Global change and our common

Response to the environmental Carim, E. G . Barnard, G. Foley, D . D e future. Papers from a forum of th e

threat. London : Macmillan . 226pp . Silva, J . Tinker and R . Walgate . 1987 . Scientific Research Society. Towards sustainable development : Washington : National Academy

Archibugi, F ., P . Nijkamp and F .J . Fourteen case studies prepared by Press . 227pp .

Soeteman . 1989 . The challenge of African and Asian journalists for th e

sustainable development. Nordic conference on environmen t Downs . R .M ., L. Liben and D .S .

Proceedings of a conference i n and development at Stockholm . Palermo (eds) . 1991 . Visions of

Milan in 1988 . Dordrecht: Kluwer London : Panos Institute. 200pp . aesthetics, the environment an d

Academic Publishers; 348pp . development. L . Erlbaum

Carley, M . and I . Christie . 1992 . Associates . 320pp .

Bennet, G . 1992 . Dilemmas : Coping Managing sustainable development.

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►Development OECD . 1989. Strengthening ►Africa Assistance environmental cooperation with . Magadza developing countries . Paris : OECD . Achebe, C., G. Hyden, C Canadian International Development 147pp . and A.P. Okeyo . 1990. Beyond Association. 1992. CIDA's policy fo r hunger in Africa: Conventiona l environmental sustainability. Reid, W.V ., J.N. Barnes and B . wisdom and an African vision. n Parallel text in English and French . Blackwelder . 1988. Bankrolling Nairobi: Heinemann Kenya i , Hull : Canadian Internationa l successes: A portfolio of sustainable association with James Curry Development Agency . 22pp . development projects. Washington: London . 148pp . Environmental Policy Study Conroy, C . and M . Litvinoff. Th e Institute and National Wildlife Blackwell, J .M., R.N. Goodwillie and greening of aid: Sustainable Federation. R . Webb . 1992. Environment an d livelihoods in practice. London : development in Africa: Selected case Earthscan . 302pp . U .S. GPO . 1989. U.S. development studies. Washington : World Bank assistance and environmentally Publications . 144pp . Eroecal, D . 1991. Environmenta l sustainable development. management in developing Washington: U .S . Governmen t Economic Commission for Africa . countries. Conference proceedings Printing Office . 406pp . 1991. African environment and from Paris, October 1990. Some text development agenda : Achieving ou r in French. Paris : OECD . 417pp. Van der Klauw, E . 1989. Environment development goals through the and development. The Hague : environment. Preparations for the Food and Agriculture Organization . Ministry of Foreign Affairs . 43pp . Earth Summit. Addis Ababa: ECA . 1990. Direccion deAsuntos de la 90pp . Conferencia y el Consejo y de Voorlichtinsdiens t Protocolo, November 1990. (FAO Ontwikkelingssamenwerking . 1991. Harrison, P . 1987. The greening of activities related to environment World of difference: A ne w Africa: Breaking through in the and sustainable development) . framework for developmen t battle for land and food. London : Rome: FAO . 27pp . cooperation in the I990s . The Paladin. Hague : SDU Publishers . 343pp. Gaye, S . 1990. Glaciers of the desert. Institute for Development Studie s Towards sustainable development: and Institute for African Nordic conference on environmen t Regional and Alternatives . 1989-1990. Conference and development. London : Pano s Country Reports: on the alternative development Publications . 16pp. A Sampling of strategies for Africa, University of Available Studies Dares Salaam . Tanzania: IFAA . Hisham, M.A., J . Sharma and A. Four volumes . Ngaiza. 1991. Whose trees: A people's General Sources view offorestry aid. London: Pano s ► Lemma, A. and P. Malaska . 1989. Institute . 138pp . Adams, W .M . 1990. Green Africa beyond famine: A report to the development: Environment an d Club of Rome. London : Tycooly. MacNeill, J ., J. Cox and D . Runnalls . sustainability in the Third World. 347pp . 1990. CIDA and sustainable London: Routledge . 255pp. development: How Canada's aid Onimode, B . 1992. Future for Africa : policies can support sustainable Winpenny, J .T. 1990. National Beyond the politics of adjustment. development in the Third World environmental policies: The scop e London : Earthscan. 208pp. more effectively. Institute fo r for government intervention . Th e Research on Public Policy. 110pp . Journal of International SADCC Coordinator for Forestry, Development. Special edition . No . Fisheries and Wildlife, government McGaughey, S .E. 1989. Multilatera l 2:441-557 . of Malawi . 1988-1991. Natura l banks and sustainabl e resources and the environment: development. Interciencia . World Resources Institute . 1991. Policies and development strategy. 14(4) :193-8. Directory of country environmental Malawi : SADCC. studies. Washington: World Resources Institute . 171pp .

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Seidman, A. and F. Anang (eds) . 1991 . Horberry, J . 1990 . Natural resource Drucker, G. and R . Atkinson . 1991 .

Twenty-first centuiyAfrica: Towards management for sustainable The environment in Eastern Europe :

a new vision of self-sustainabl e development : A study of feasibl e 1990. East European program

development. Africa World . 342pp . policies, institutions an d environmental research series No .

investment activities in Nepal, with 3 . Cambridge : IUCN Publications.

U.S . Congress . 1991 . Prospects for special emphasis on the hills . 64pp .

sustainable development in sub- Journal of International

Saharan Africa: Report by the Development. 2(4) :449-70 . Economic Commission for Europe .

Committee on Science an d 1990 . ECE and sustainable

Technology, House of Represen- Khator, R . 1991 . Environment, development: Our contribution to a

tatives, Ninety-ninth Congress , development and politics in India . sustainable future. New York:

second session. Washington : House Maryland: University Press o f United Nations ECE . 29pp .

of Congress report. 88pp . America.

Finland Council of State . 1991 .

World Bank. 1989 . Sub-Sahara n Khoshoo, T .N . 1986 . Environmental Sustainable development an d

Africa: From crisis to sustainable priorities in India and sustainable Finland: Council of state report to

growth—a long-term perspectiv e development. New Delhi: India n parliament on sustainable develop-

study. Washington : The Worl d Science Congress Association . ment. Helsinki : Finnish Govern-

Bank. 300pp . 224pp . ment Printing Centre . 98pp .

Qu Geping . 1991 . Environmenta l Flint, V., Y. Shchadilov and Y . Yazan. Asi a management in China. Beijing: 1991 . Environmental status reports :

Asian Development Bank. 1991 . Asia n UNEP . 333pp . 1991 volume three —USSR.

development outlook 1991 . Contains Cambridge : IUCN Publications .

a major survey of environment an d Shiva, V. 1991 . Ecology and th e 98pp . [Available in the U .S . an d

development in Asia . Manila: ADB . politics of survival: Conflicts ove r Canada through Island Press . ]

307pp . natural resources in India. New

Delhi : Sage Publications . 365pp . Lang, I . 1989 . Linking environmen t

Asian NGO Coalition for Agrarian protection and economic

Reform and Rural Development. Smil, V . 1991 . China's environment: development in Hungary.

1990-91 . SoutheastAsia regional An inquiry into the limits of natural Development. No . 2/3 :107-11 .

consultation on people's development. New York : Wiley .

participation in environmentally- 369pp . Ministry of Environment, Norway .

sustainable development. Manila: 1990 . Action fora common future.

Makati . 2 volumes . Thailand Development Research Proceedings of the regional

Institute . 1987 . Thailand natural ministerial conference concerning

Government of Pakistan . 1991 . resources profile: Is the resource base the report of the World Commission

Pakistan national report to UNCED for Thailand's developmen t on Environment and Developmen t

1992. Karachi: Government of sustainable?Bangkok: TDRI .310pp . in the ECE region . Oslo : Falch

Pakistan - IUCN Pakistan . 164pp . Hurtigtrykk. 54pp .

World Bank . 1990. Indonesia:

Government of the Philippines . 1991 . Sustainable development of forests , Ministry of the Environment,

Philippine strategy for sustainabl e land and water. Washington : Worl d Norway. 1988-1989 . Report to the

development: An overview . Bank Publications . 190pp . Storting No. 46. Environment and

Philippine Development. 17 :15-25. development program for Norway' s

follow-up of the report of the Worl d Europ e Commission on Environment and

Burke, T ., N . Robins and A . Trisogli o Development in the ECE region .

(eds) 1991 . Environment strategy: Oslo : Falch Hurtigrtkk . 74pp.

Europe 1991 . London: Camden

Publishing. 208pp .

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Minister of the Environment , ECLAC . 1991 . Sustainable Quesadamateo, C .A. and V. Sweden . 1991 . Swedish national development: Changing productio n Solisrivera. 1990 . Costa Rica: report to UNCED 1992: United patterns, social equity and th e National strategy for sustainable Nations Conference on Environment environment. Santiago : ECLAC. development—a summary . Futures . and Development. Stockholm: 146pp . 22(4):396-416 . Ministry of the Environment . Fundacion Jorge Esteban Roulet . Towle, J .A. and B .G. Potter. 1989 . U .K. Department of the Environment. 1990 . Latinoamerica: Medio Organizational profiles of who is 1989 . Sustaining our common ambiente y desarrollo. Papers doing what in support of programs future: A progress report by th e presented at a conference on for sustainable resource developmen t United Kingdom on implementing environmental problems in Latin and environmental management i n sustainable development. London . America organized by th e the Eastern Caribbean : A guide to 37pp . Fundacion Jorge Estaban Roulet . donor organizations and technical Buenos Aires . 352pp . assistance agencies. St. Thomas : Island Resources Foundation . n Latin America an d Gallopin, G.C., M . Winograd and I .A. 109pp . the Caribbean Gomez. 1991 .Ambiente y Dessarollo Ashuvud, J. and C. Folke . 1991 . en America Latina y el Caribe: UNDP . 1990 . Our own agenda: Lati n Environmental conservation fo r Problemas, Oportunidades y American and Caribbean development in Central America: Prioridades. Rio Negro: Grupo de Commission on Development an d Linking the natural environmen t Analysis de Sistemas Ecologicos , Environment. Washington: Inter - and the economy . Ecology, Economy Bariloche Institute . 105pp . American Development Bank an d and Environment. 1:253-70 . UNDP. Goldrich, D . and D .V. Carruthers. Browder, J .O. (ed) . 1989 . Fragile lands 1992. Sustainable development in n North America of Latin America : Strategies fo r Mexico : The international politic s sustainable development. Boulder : of crisis or opportunity. Lati n Canadian Environmental Advisory Westview Press . 352pp . American Perspectives . Council. 1987 . Canada and 19 (1) :97-122 . sustainable development. Ottawa: Carrizosa Umana, J . 1989 . Desarrollo Environmental Advisory Council. sostenible en Colombia : Sus Goodman, D . and A. Hall (eds) . 1990 . 100pp . tendencias y limites . (Sustainable The Future ofAmazonia : development in Colombia : Trends Destruction or sustainable Environment Canada . 1991 . Canada's and limits) . Estrategia, Economica Y development? England: St . Martin' s national report to the United Financiera. 129 :21-8 . Press . 456pp . Nations Conference on Environmen t and Development, Brazil, June 1992 . Cox, J . and C . Embree . 1990 . Goodman, D . and M .R. Redclift (ed) . Ottawa: Department of Supply an d Sustainable development in the 1991 . Environment and developmen t Services . 149pp . Caribbean : A report on the public in Latin America: The politics of policy implications of sustainable sustainability. England : St . Martin' s Environment Canada . 1990 . Canada's development at the Caribbean Press. 238pp . green plan for a healthy region conference, Kingston, environment. Three documents. Jamaica . Halifax: Institute fo r New World Dialogue on Environmen t Ottawa: Environment Canada . Research on Public Policy. 248pp. and Development . 1991 . Compact for a new world: An open letter to th e Gale, R.J.P. 1990 . Environment an d De Onis, J. 1992 . The green cathedral: heads of state and government an d development A case study of public Sustainable development of legislators ofAmerica . Washington: interviews to the Macdonald Amazonia . Oxford: Oxford World Resources Institute . 26pp . Commission on the Economy. Ph .D . University Press. 288pp . thesis. University of Waterloo .

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Hamilton, H ., M. Hollingworth an d

M . Bloomfield (eds) . 1989 . Ou r

common future: A Canadia n

response to the challenge of

sustainable development. Ottawa :

Harmony Foundation . 85pp .

Keating, M. 1989 . Toward a common

future: A report on sustainable

development and its implications for

Canada . Ottawa : Supply and

Services Canada. 47pp .

► South Pacifi c and Australi a

Cameron, J.I. 1991 . Policies fo r

achieving ecologically-sustainabl e

development. Science Total

Environment. 108(1 /2) :71–86 .

Winslow, D . 1992 . Sustainable

development in New Caledonia .

Pacific Affairs. 64 (4) :489–505

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S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V A U D I O- V I S U A L

Audio-Visual

Like any medium focused on an "emerging" issue, audio-visual productions about sustainable development—and unsustainabl e development—were until recently, hampered by lack of funding, distribution, and a suspicion that public interest may be fleeting . Today, those impediments are being peeled away rapidly .

Since the mid-1980s, public awareness has been built on unforgettabl e environmental imagery: Kenyan photographer and video produce r Mohamed Amin was the first to witness, and relay to the rest of th e world, the devastating effects of drought in Ethiopia. His work brought hundreds of television cameras to Africa . Sam LaBudde's clandestin e video footage of dolphins dying brutally in the nets of tuna fisherme n inspired an equally powerful response—as have pictures and footage of ecologically ruined towns in Romania, the eerie desolation of the Aral Sea, lakes of oil in the Kuwaiti desert, the Exxon Valdez, and the topless reactor at Chernobyl, photographed by a nervous cameraman from th e window of an airplane .

Through the determined efforts of a few visionary organizations, th e financing and distribution of productions about sustainabl e development are improving. Two innovative groups are at the leading edge: Television Trust for the Environment (TVE) helps finance, plan , and produce AV coverage of the environment, development, health , and democratization issues, with special emphasis on working wit h independent producers and NGOs in the South . The Hamburg-base d One World Group of Broadcasters is an international consortium o f broadcasters co-producing television programs dedicated to furthering the cause of sustainable development and world peace, and "ensuring the voices of the South are heard in the North."

In this part of the directory our listings originate almost exclusively i n the North, a symptom of the gap in availability and promotion of A V productions between the North and the South . We hope this gap will b e addressed in future editions .

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Internationa l TVE produces news material on Life and Deb t Productions development issues for broadcasters Produced in Brazil in 1992 b y worldwide and helps producers fro m Octavio Bezerra Productio n the South gain access to news Cinematographicas, this 50-minut e programs. film argues the problem of street INTERNATIONAL children results from the same TELEVISION TRUS T In addition, TVE publishes Moving pressures that have led to the FOR THE ENVIRONMENT Pictures Bulletin, an excellent guide exploitation of the Amazon to films on development and the rainforest . Both, it contends, deriv e The International Television Trust fo r environment. This Bulletin heads from Brazil's massive USD 13 0 the Environment is an editorially- TVE's Moving Picture Project which billion debt, first incurred 500 years independent trust co-sponsored b y also includes a database, "yello w ago with the Spanish conquest o f the United Nations Environmen t pages" referral service of films on the New World. Programme (UNEP), Central environment, development and Television (UK), and the World Wid e health issues, and a trainin g Seeds of Plenty, Seeds of Sorro w Fund for Nature (WWF) . More than 40 programme to help filmmakers in th e Produced in India in 1992, by Medi a other granting organizations channel South make their own films on Workshop, this 52-minute docu- money through TVE to help co - regional environmental issues . mentary asks who has benefited produce programs. This seed fundin g from the Green Revolution . Although has enabled the production of more India was able to double th e ' Developing Stories : than 90 editorially-independen t production of cereals in six years and television programs . TVE als o This BBC/TVE series features six become nominally self-sufficient in distributes thousands of video films by Southern filmmaker s food production, what price wa s cassettes and regularly up-dates offering an alternative Souther n paid? Today the Green Revolution is information on the latest programs . perspective on the Earth Summit blamed for the creation of a new debate. Developing Stories will be class of landless people, living in TVE's mission is to inform and simulcast in 84 countries i n serfdom . The film explores the dark educate the viewing public conjunction with the Earth Summit . side of the Green Revolution . worldwide on topical issues relating A brief description of these six films to the environment and follows . For a more detaile d And the Dish Ran Away development, and on the links overview, see Moving Pictures with the Spoo n between the two . It does this b y Bulletin. Produced in Trinidad and Tobag o securing the production an d in 1992 by Banyan Ltd, this 50 - distribution of audio-visual materials , Lucia minute film is a wry, irreverent loo k together with educational back-up Produced in the Philippines b y at cultural imperialism in the information, and by publishin g Manila Inter-Film in 1992, this 90 - Caribbean. Using interviews, vox information about new audio-visual minute drama chronicles th e pops, indigenous poetry, music an d programs. In fulfilling this mission , struggle of a family in a fishing American TV programs, it shows TVE pays special attention to the village ravaged by oil pollution fro m how programming from the North needs of low-income countries . a tanker sunk off the coast. gives a distorted view of the world .

TVE helps NGOs, producers, policy- Rab i Suspended Dreams makers, broadcasters and educa- Produced in Burkina Faso in 1992 Produced in Lebanon in 1992 b y tional institutions based in the Sout h by Cinecom Production, this hour - Media for TV and Cinema and in Central and Eastern Europe, long modern fable uses traditional Production and Distribution, this by distributing video-cassette how-t o African storytelling technique s 50-minute documentary tells th e films on development issues an d around the theme of respect for story of a community's struggle to training . It also provides a database of nature . The theme is illustrated by reconstruct . It assesses the impact producers and film crews outside the the relationships between a boy of war on the environment an d West, along with an outreach with a tortoise, his father, and a wise looks ahead to the impending educational service for the South man . regional conflict over water. which provides information packs fo r schools, colleges, NGOs and resourc e centres .

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' Other films and Many other titles, including animate d Several projects resulted from th e documentaries of note: films, are listed in the Special Earth agreement : Summit Issue of Moving Pictures Last Exit to Ri o The Earth in our Hands Bulletin, March 1992. Among thes e Produced in Germany in 1992 by Produced by NDR, this documen- are productions from the Ope n NDR (see One World below), this 45 - t University Series (BBC/Ope n tary describes the state of the plane minute documentary is based o n at the beginning of the 1990s . UNEP's State of the Environment: University), BBC/Internationa l 1972-1992. Using the car as a meta- Broadcast Trust Series, Action Aid, The March phor for sustainable development, it UNCHS/Habitat, UNESCO/UNEP , A BBC co-production, this televisio n assesses environment and develop- the International Development film describes a fictional mas s ment worldwide . The film shows the Research Centre (IDRC), UNICEF, th e exodus of Africans to Europe fleeing construction of the USD 100 millio n World Food Program, as well as many from hunger and despair. single issues and single agency films . highway that will allow world leader s World Leaders attending the Earth Summit to bypass Produced by NDR, this live dialogu e ' Eastern Europe : Rio's notorious shanty towns. presents presidents Vaclav Havel o f The environmental destruction in th e Rivers of Sand Czechoslovakia, Robert Mugabe of countries of Eastern Europe after 4 0 Produced in the United Kingdom in Zimbabwe and Richard vo n years of central planning and 1991 by Central TV, this 52-minut e Weizacker of Germany, brough t communist repression is film won the 1991 One Worl d together by satellite to discuss horrendous. The July 1991 issue of Broadcasting Award. The questions of the future with a roun d Moving Pictures published by TVE documentary chronicles three aid table of experts in Hamburg. discusses these issues and describes projects dealing with a deteriorating some films that document a problem Five Discussion Programs : environment in a remote corner of that is acute and life-threatening. Produced on selected topics fro m northern Mali. The film travels from the field of research and n the river Niger to the edge of the Television Trust for th e development, four of thes e Sahara, where moving sands Environment (TVE) programs were recorded by NRK i n threaten to engulf entire 46 Charlotte St . Bergen, Norway, while the fifth, communities and where one man London W1P 1LX from DFF, was broadcast live from m seeks to bring water back to a drie d United Kingdo Potsdam, Germany. up lake . Rivers of Sand shows there Telephone : 44-71-637-4602 are no quick solutions to the One World, One Voice Fax : 44-71-580-7780 encroaching desert in sub-Saharan This BBC production, par t Africa . documentary, part concert, united THE ONE WORLD GROU P musicians from all over the globe i n The Spirit of Kuna Yola OF BROADCASTERS creations dedicated to the idea o f Produced in the United States in one world. 1991 by Archipelago Films, this 52 - One World is an international group minute winner of the 1991 Earth To create awareness of UNCED, the of public television organizations i n Watch Film Award is an account o f One World `92 season includes th e 84 countries which have come the struggle of the Kuna Indians o f following environmental specials : together to co-produce programs on Panama's San Blas islands . The trib e environment, development an d Developing Stories lives on a small group of coral world peace . See the description under TVE, for islands in the Caribbean and is one which the One World Group is The group originated in Hamburg, of the few Central American native providing funding . groups to have survived invasions of Germany in 1988 . At that tim e American tourists, and settlers with participant companies of the Last Exit to Rio chainsaws and cattle, yet keep it s European Broadcasting Union met This 45-minute documentary is culture intact . and agreed to plan, finance and described under TVE . broadcast joint programs .

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Happy Families UNITED NATION S ' Other UNDP titles of interest: This documentary introduces DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMM E Borrowed from Our Future families in five industrial nation s (UNDP) This 20-minute video provides an who attempt, over a 30-day period , overview of basic environmental to live in as environmentally- For more information on UNDP, see issues and sustainabl e friendly a way as possible . the section on organizations. development, including population One World Art UNDP produces videos on general growth, food security, biodiversity, Artists from around the world are development activities, environment , energy, changing climate, urban brought together to create a work of water and sanitation, and technical growth and industrial development. art on the One World theme . cooperation among developing Choices for the Next Century: countries . UNDP co-produced Rivers One World includes the followin g Inspired by UNDP's Human of Sand (see TVE) . members : BBC, Great Britain ; Development Report, this 27- Antenne 2/FR3, France ; Czech TV, Azimuths minute video shows how people' s Czechoslovakia ; Danmarks Radio , This 28-minute video magazin e lives improve when governments Denmark; Eesti TV, Estonia ; program is produced by UNDP an d grant them freedom and invest in NDR/ARD, Federal Republic o f is offered monthly to television their education and welfare . Germany ; MTV, Hungary; NHK , stations worldwide. Each magazin e Closing the Ga p Japan; Latvian TV, Latvia; segment, which can run from seve n This half-hour documentary Lithuanian TV, Lithuania; NOS, the to 12 minutes in length, deals with outlines UNDP's use of the Roun d Netherlands ; NRK, Norway ; ORF , development issues, including thos e Table process to help developing Austria; Polish TV, Poland ; RAI, related to sustainable development . countries plan and manage Italy; RTE, Ireland ; RTP, Portugal ; Some titles of interest include : technical cooperation and obtain Romanian TV, Romania ; Russian Saving Species: Three video s needed assistance . Documented in TV, CIS ; SRG, Switzerland; Swedis h showing efforts to protect Guinea Bissau, Niger and Lesotho . Education Broadcasting, Sweden ; crocodiles, elephants and pandas . TV Cultura, Brazil ; TVE, Spain; YLE, n UNDP Finland . In addition, othe r Madagascar : Land of the Periwinkle : Division of Informatio n companies from many othe r This program focuses on the Room DC1-1927 countries, including those in biological diversity of Madagascar . 1 UN Plaza Eastern Europe and the Third New York, N .Y . 1001 7 Colombia: The Right to Shelter : This World, have agreed to broadcas t USA program details how slum resident s individual programmes from th e build their houses . Telephone : 212-906-5303 package . n Azimuths n Rolf Seelman-Eggebert United Nations Development The One World Group of Programm e Broadcasters Palais des Nation s c/o NDR/ARD CH-1211 Geneva Gazellenkamp, 57 Switzerlan d 2000 Hamburg 5 4 Germany Telephone : 41-22-798-5850/188 1 Fax : 41-22-798-7524 Telephone: 40-41-56-42-3 0 Fax: 40-560-45-7 9 Telex: 211-489

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Regional/National BRITISH BROADCASTIN G logging in Ontario, and Trouble in th e Productions CORPORATION (BBC ) Forest, a look at the impact of acid rain on North American forests. (Excerpted from Moving Pictures The BBC has produced a number o f n The Nature of Things Bulletin, December 1991 ) documentaries dealing with CBC Enterprise s environmental issues, including: Box 500, Station A Alaska: Oil on the Rocks, which looks Toronto, Ontario ACCESS NETWOR K at the Exxon Valdez disaster and its Canada M5W 1E 6 aftermath ; The Greenhouse Effect, Telephone : 416-975-350 0 which documents this phenomeno n The Access Network (Alberta Fax: 416-975-3482 Educational Communications and looks at remedies ; andA Corporation) produces, markets, Rainforest Remedy, a productio n exhibits, acquires and distribute s which documents the search in a CHANNEL 4 educational, cultural an d Cameroonian tropical forest for a informational television and radi o remedy for cancer, and at the sam e The United Kingdom's Channel 4 i s programming. time looks for solutions to th e unique among broadcast stations in destruction of the tropical rainforest. that it does not actually produce The network has broadcast o r Where on Earth are We Going? This programs itself, but commissions produced several environmental hard-hitting series of six 30-minute them, or buys them from outside , programs including Baka : People of productions by Jonathan Povitt, direc- independent production companies . the Rainforest; Great Expectations : tor of Friends of the Earth, looks at Originally established with a mandat e Recycling in Alberta; and Th e green alternatives in the world today. to cater to minority interests no t Harmony Puzzle all dealing with th e properly served elsewhere by Britis h n BBC Training Video s links between economic activity an d commercial stations, Channel 4 has Woodlands environmental issues . become the boilerhouse fo r 80 Wood Lan e n independent environment and Alberta Educational London W12 OTT documentary programming durin g Communications Corporation United Kingdom 16930 - 114th Avenu e the past 10 years. As such, it has Telephone: 44-81-576-236 1 Edmonton, Albert a helped to energize and shape Fax : 44-81-749-286 7 Canada T5M 3S 2 broadcasting policy in the U .K.

Telephone: 403-451-7272 The key Channel 4 program slots CANADIAN BROADCASTING Fax : 403-452-723 3 which cover sustainable development CORPORATION (CBC) issues are: Fragile Earth, featuring environmental stories; South, a AMERICAN BROADCASTIN G The CBC is Canada's public broad- unique showcase for filmmakers COMPANY (ABC) casting network . Its flagship environ- from the developing world; Eleventh mental/natural history series is The Hour, devoted to multicultura l ABC's environmental output consist s Nature of Things, which began in 1960 . features; and Cutting Edge, a hard - primarily of short program segment s n Canadian Broadcasting Syste m hitting factual documentary series fo r (5-35") . In 1991, ABC carried A Users Box 500, Station A established filmmakers . For the Eart h Guide to Planet Earth : The America n Toronto, Ontario Summit, Channel 4 is broadcastin g Environment Test. Canada M5W 1E6 six 26-minute programs focusing on n ABC Inc. Telephone: 416-975-331 1 environmental success stories . They 2040 Avenue of the Stars are based on U .K. environmenta l Century City, California 9006 7 The Nature of Things activist Jonathan Porritt's best-selling book Save the Earth . USA With scientist David Suzuki as host, n the series boasts 24 programs a Channel 4 Telephone : 213-557-7777 season, of which 13-14 are in-hous e 60 Charlotte Street productions . The Nature of Things London W1P 2AX produces hard-hitting, issues - United Kingdom oriented programs such as Telephone : 44-71-631-4444 Temagami : The Last Stand on Fax : 44-71-637-1495

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INUIT BROADCASTIN G n NOVA ! TV ONTARI O CORPORATION (IBC) WGB H 125 Western Avenue A Canadian educational televisio n IBC is a non-profit corporation which Boston, Massachusetts 02134 organization, TV Ontario produce s provides weekly broadcasts in USA and broadcasts in both French an d Inuktitut to 25,000 Inuit living in English. TV Ontario produced one of Telephone : 617-492-277 7 . In 1985, IBC pro- the first programs on global warming, northern Canada Fax: 617-787-784 3 duced People in the Sand, a docu- Vista : The Greenhouse Effect, as well mentary on famine relief in Ethiopia . as H2 O Overview on water quality in ' Frontline the Great Lakes. Other productions n Debbie Brisebois From WGBH, Frontline is the PB S include Common Ground, a half- Executive Director flagship public affairs series . In the hour program which looks at what Inuit Broadcasting Corporatio n past, it has featured several people can do about environmental 251 Laurier Avenue W, Suite 703 environmental programs including problems and The Green Earth Club, Ottawa, Ontario Cry Ethiopia, Decade of Destructio n a children's series. Canada K1P 5J 6 and Global Dumping Ground. n TV Ontario/La Chain e Telephone : 613-235-1892 n Frontline Box 200, Station Q Fax : 613-230-8824 WGB H Toronto, Ontario 125 Western Avenu e Canada M4T 2T 1 Boston, Massachusetts 0213 4 PUBLIC BROADCASTING Telephone : 416-484-260 0 USA SYSTEM (PBS) Fax: 416-484-423 4 Telephone : 617-783-350 0 Until the boom in cable stations, PBS Fax : 617-243-024 3 was the main outlet for environ- Cable Television mental programming. Series such as Nature g NOVA, Frontline and Nature, alon Produced by Thirteen/WNET New l with specials from the Nationa York, the series is made in associatio n THE DISCOVERY CHANNE L n Audubon Society, have bee with the Nature Conservancy, an m constants in the PBS progra international organization whic h This cable network airs many schedule . promotes natural diversity . environmental documentaries and n informational series . Among them is PB S Thirty-four programs are available for Countdown 2000, a project which 1320 Braddock Place home video use, including Vietnam: combines community actio n Alexandria, Virginia 22314-169 8 A Country Not a War, and programming with environmenta l USA Madagascar: Island of Ghosts. and conservation organizations. n Natur e NOVA With WFF, the Discovery Channel co - ► Thirteen/WNET produced The Ivory Wars, a fil m NOVA is a documentary series pro- 356 West 58th Street considered to have been instrumental duced by WGBH in Boston, or co - New York, N .Y . 1001 9 produced with BBC Horizon or other in bringing about a world trade USA national broadcasting authorities, embargo on ivory. In Celebration of public television stations an d Telephone : 212-560-300 6 Trees documents the importance o f independent producers. Fax: 212-582-3297 trees to world ecosystems, while In Company of Whales focuses on the Since 1990, NOVA has produce d state of marine mammals . several issue-oriented environmental programs, including Poison in th e Rockies, The Bomb's Lethal Legacy, The Big Spill and Can the Elephants be Saved?

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Earth Guide is a weekly how-to pro - Independent INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMEN T gram which raises specific problems Producers RESEARCH CENTRE (IDRC) and offers suggestions to remedy them. Assignment Earth is a weekly magazine IDRC produces 16mm films an d show with an investigative approach to CHEDD-ANGIE R videos depicting scientific and tech- environmental issues . The Discovery nological interventions in agriculture, Channel also broadcasts Assignmen t food, nutrition, sciences, forestry, Race to Save the Planet was produced Discovery for classroom use . health sciences, fisheries and aqua- as a major series to provide culture, education, and science and n The Discovery Channe l environmental programming for a technology. Many of these films are 7700 Wisconsin Avenu e mass audience . The series consists o f directly relevant to the question— Bethesda, Maryland 20814-352 2 ten 60-minute documentaries , what technologies are suitable fo r USA covering issues from farming sustainable development. These title s practices and population, to recycling Telephone : 301-986-0444 are distributed through the National and global warming . Filmed in mor e Fax : 301-986-482 6 Film Board of Canada (see below) . than 30 countries, it was screened as part of public television's Operatio n Some of the titles include : TURNER BROADCASTIN G Earth campaign . SYSTEM (TBS) Trees of Plenty (19") shows how n PSG Inc . leguminous trees can be used fo r 7461 Beverly Blvd . TBS owns three networks : the Cable maintaining and enhancing soil Penthouse News Network (CNN), TB S fertility and agricultural production . Los Angeles, California 9003 6 Superstation and Turner Network A Handle on Health (28") is about US A Television (TNT) . TBS president Te d simple, durable hand pumps, locally Telephone : 213-937-5020 Turner has made coverage o f manufactured, and used mostly by Fax : 213-937-5027 environmental issues a priority . women to provide clean water an d or Captain Planet and the Planeteers is improve local self sufficiency. n WGBH an animated adventure serie s n International Development 125 Western Avenu e stressing environmental Research Centre Boston, MA 0213 4 responsibility . Earth Matters, aired P.O. Box 850 0 USA three times a day on CNN, focuses on Ottawa, Ontario global environmental topics, whil e Telephone : 617-492-2777 Canada K1G 3H9 Network Earth is a fast-paced and . Fax: 617-787-0714 provocative weekly half-hou r Telephone : (613) 236-616 3 magazine dealing with environmental Fax : (613) 238-723 0 CHILDREN 'S TELEVISIO N problems and solutions . Network WORKSHOP (CTW) Earth and Earth Matters ar e NATIONAL AUDUBON SOCIETY participating in the Save the Earth The CTW is a non-profit educational season of programming which The National Audubon Society has corporation which has produced a focuses on the Earth Summit in Rio . produced several hard-hitting number of award-winning programs documentaries on issues including n Turner Broadcasting System Inc . and series for public and cable tele- toxic waste dumping in the Great One CNN Center vision . These include Sesame Street for Lakes, the state of the oceans, Box 10533 6 children, Rotten Truth About Garbage dolphins and tuna fishing, logging in Atlanta, Georgia 3034 8 and Waste, and You Can't Grow Home the United States, and the use o f USA Again, about rainforest destruction . public lands . Many of these televisio n Telephone : 404-827-170 0 n Children's Television Worksho p productions have been highly Fax: 404-827-3107 One Lincoln Plaz a controversial. Among them are New York, N .Y. 1002 3 Danger at the Beach ; Great Lakes: USA Bitter Legacy; If Dolphins Could Talk; The New Range Wars and Giants of Telephone : 212-595-345 6 the African Forest, on elephants . Fax: 212-595-3606

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The National Audubon Society also NATIONAL GEOGRAPHI C uses state-of-the-art technology to SOCIET Y communicate its message: Audubon Wildlife Adventures is a computer The National Geographic Society software series, a compact disk - publishes the well-known monthly interactive (CD-I) program which magazine National Geographic and combines digital audio disks with produces Explorer, a two-hour weekly visuals and computer data . program of films which the Society tries to schedule with relate d n National Audubon Society magazine articles . 801 Pennsylvania Avenue SE , Washington, D .C. 20003 n National Geographic Televisio n USA Divisio n 1615 M Street NW Telephone : 202-547-9009 Washington, D .C. 20036 Fax : 202-547-9022 USA

Telephone : 202-957-7000 NATIONAL FILM BOAR D Fax : 202-775-659 0 OF CANADA (NFB )

The NFB has produced many PRODUCER SERVICES GROU P documentary and animated film s (PSG ) dealing with the environment, especially with issues such as logging , A film and television company base d mining, dam building and othe r in Los Angeles and London, PS G resource conservation an d produced Millenium: Tribal Wisdo m development concerns . and the Modern World, a series of 1 0 films on indigenous peoples fro m The NFB has produced a brochure , around the world . Green Videos, which details 2 5 environmental films. n Producer Services Group, Inc . 7461 Beverly Boulevard , n National Film Board of Canad a Penthouse PO Box 6100 Los Angeles, CA 9003 6 Station A USA Montreal, Quebe c Canada H3C 3H5 Telephone : 213-937-502 0 Fax : 213-937-502 7 Telephone : 514-283-900 0 Fax : 514-496-1646

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Computer Networks an d Conferencing Systems v Online Database s

Electronic telecommunications through computers, modems, an d networking software is becoming the single most important way tha t information on sustainable development is moving across the globe . Fast and inexpensive, telecommunication uses little energy, i s politically uncontrollable and is unfettered by commercial interests— a powerful interactive worldwide web of knowledge available wherever a computer and a satellite or telephone line can be linked .

Long-distance computer networking has become an essential tool of the NGO community . Large environmental groups "talk" among their worldwide offices and to campaigners in the field via computer . News from the developing world sent through this huge network is often th e only reliable source of information from oppressed countries o r countries of little interest to western television audiences . Likewise, grassroots groups have turned to computer networking to link with . like-minded groups . By pooling intellectual resources this way, they save precious time and effort, and offer each other a valuable support immune to considerations of time and space.

For anyone equipped with a computer and modem, there is a veritabl e river of information on sustainable development and environmental / human welfare issues flowing through telecommunications lines . Our selections for this part of the sourcebook are limited to the majo r networks most relevant to sustainable development . Along with th e large American commercial data base services such as CompuServ e and Dialog, they include the Association for Progressiv e Communication (APC) network, a large grouping of NGOs that use th e vast system of online "packet-switch" transfers and "gateways" to mov e e-mail and e-mail conferences across the world ; Poptel/GeoNet, an international electronic alliance of NGOs that is now one of Europe' s largest single computer networks ; and Internet, BITNET , UUCP/Usenet, FidoNet, and others .

Some sense of the way in which these networks help to create a global village is provided in the diagram on the next page of node s and linkages of the APC . IISD and many other environment an d development organizations in Canada link to other parts of the world via The Web . EcoLinking is a useful new book dealing with online environmental information from a North American, i.e. mostly USA, perspective' .

I Rittner, D . 1992 . EcoLinking. Everyone's guide to online environmental information . Berkeley : Peachpit Press. 352pp .

All of the systems shown here are "nodes" . If you have a computer 1 GeoMail System and modem you can log on to any of them and exchang e including: messages with other users anywhere over the whole network . Mcr I (England) For most systems you will need to have an account so you have GeoD (Germany) your own special identity on the system . Some FIDO systems only TLXF (France) accept calls from other FIDO systems, but you can run FID O Mos I (Russia) Geo4 (USA) Popte l software on your own computer. (Geo2) England I-Gateways to other system s including: I Internet BitNet DasNet ►network of approx Soli Net ti 100 local MCI mail Zerberus system s 7Gateways to' Germany/Austria/ Twi x other systems Switzerland/N. Italy} Japan igcfido including: Janet Dialco m Econnec t Internet J Czechoslovakia ABM BBS/AdriaNet CND exYugloslavia Morocco ALDO C Egyp t (to land) / ENDA PADIS Eng i nd) Senegal Ethiopi a Huracan Email Cente r Costa Rica ELCI Philippines ACTS Ecuane x GhastiNe t Kenya (to WoikNet Ecuador Ghana l South Africa) Costech Tanzania PACTO K BolNet KiwiNe t Papua New Bolivia Hong Kong Guinea PACTOK CCAN Vanuatu pegfido Thailand Pegasu s Australia Key (APC Nod) Map of Association for Progressive Other Gateways to y node Communications (APC) nodes an d other systems including: connected systems - April 199 2 ACSNet (Other ) AARNet network APC Secretariat, AlterNex - IBASE, Rua Vicente de Souza 29 22251 Rio de Janeiro, BRAZI L Internet tel: +55(21)286-0348 fax: +55(21)286-0541 email : [email protected]

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Computer Networks and Conferencing System s

APC NETWORKS peace, the prevention of warfare, elimination of militarism , protection of the environment, furtherance of human rights ALTERNEX CHASQUE v COMLINK GLASNET and the rights of peoples, achievement of social and GREENNET ♦ IGC NETWORKS ♦ NICARAO economic justice, elimination of poverty, promotion o f NORDNET v PEGASUS WE B sustainable and equitable development, advancement of participatory democracy, and nonviolent conflict resolution. Association for Progressive Collectively, the APC system connects over 13,000 activists Communications (APC ) in more than 90 countries . This number is increasing exponentially, with fledgling local networks continuall y APC Secretariat being formed and linking up . In 1991, ComLink in IBASE Germany, GlasNet in Russia, and Chasque in Uruguay Rua Vicente de Souza 29 became APC members . Other networks were granted 22251 Rio de Janeir o associate status as well, including EquaNex in Ecuador . Brazil APC-affiliated regional networks exist in Kenya, Zimbabwe , Telephone : 55-21-286-034 8 South Africa, Zambia, Ethiopia, Senegal, Ghana, Cuba , Fax: 55-21-286-054 1 Costa Rica, Ecuador, Bolivia, Ireland, the Netherlands , e-mail : apcadmin@apc .org Estonia, Czechoslovakia and the Philippines .

APC Office (U .S.) All APC networks are fully integrated for e-mail and onlin e 18 de Boom Street conferences. Information placed in one network is obtainabl e San Francisco, CA 94107 on all networks ; thus ongoing discussion and information USA sharing can take place among people all over the planet. Telephone : 415-442-022 0 Access Fax: 415-546-179 4 Telex: 1540541 7 The APC Networks are accessible to anyone that shares th e e-mail: apcadmin@apc .org APC's goals. Between 1985 and 1987, independent groups in the USA , To obtain an account, contact the appropriate network i n the United Kingdom and Canada established networks o f your region and a staff person will inform you as to th e environmentalists and social change activists to cooperate correct procedures for getting online . This is the list of APC more effectively . These networks were PeaceNet and Networks and the regions they cover: EcoNet in the USA, GreenNet in the United Kingdom, an d AlterNex n Brazil and South Americ a the Web in Canada. Chasque n Uruguay Full integration was possible because these networks ComLink n Germany operate the same hardware and software for electronic mail GlasNet n Russia, Commonwealth of Independent State s and computer conferencing . countries More grassroots national and regional networks were added GreenNet n Great Britain, Western Europe, Africa, Asi a in 1989 and 1990 : Nicarao in Nicaragua, AlterNex in Brazil , NordNet in Sweden, and Pegasus in Australia . IGC n USA, Mexico n Representatives of these networks met in 1990 to form th e Nicarao Nicaragua and Central America APC, the Association for Progressive Communications, an NordNet n Scandinavia, Baltic State s international non-profit organization dedicated t o Pegasus n Australia, Oceania, South-East Asi a facilitating progressive social change through cooperative local and global computer networking . Web n Canada

The APC aims to provide a globally-interconnected For a breakdown of costs for each Network, see Appendix 3 electronic communications network dedicated to a free an d APC Networks. balanced flow of information. The APC's member Currently, individuals in most Third World nations no w organizations serve people working toward goals including must dial long-distance to online services in the develope d

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nations . The APC's aim is to help local systems establis h n Computer conference s themselves throughout the countries of the south . This The APC's great potential is realized in its conferencin g effort will help decrease the dependency on foreign-base d capabilities . A conference is a shared information space hosts by local networkers, yet still allow connections to b e that gives a network user an opportunity to post a made when desired . Local communications not only allow message as a new topic to which other users can then interaction with local colleagues, but also enable add their responses . This allows people sharing a information to be collected locally in batches an d particular interest to maintain group communicatio n transferred to the rest of the world en masse, thereb y over great distance . And because the messages posted to realizing economies of scale . the conference remain indefinitely on the system, one i s For a more detailed listing of the individual APC Networks , able to participate at one's leisure, whether daily or including contact information and charges, se e weekly. Appendix 3 APC Networks. Conferences can either be public or private. Public Services conferences are open to all to join, while private ones ar e restricted to only those people who have obtained prio r Each APC Network operates much like a cross between a permission. post office and a convention centre. A single host computer APC has over 1200 conferences available to its users . in each country or region runs sophisticated software tha t Their subject matter generally deals with social concerns : ensures electronic messages are either placed into an the environment, peace, social justice, health, education, individual's private mailbox or put into compute r and local and international development . conferences where they can be read by everyone . Many news organizations are making their article s Users of the network use their modems to connect their available on a regular basis . This practice makes th e computers to the APC host via regular telephone lines . Once conference act like a newswire service . The InterPres s connected, they can transfer messages to other users o r Service, which is the fifth-largest newswire in the world , receive them at leisure. The communication is asynchro- and the first for Third World coverage, distributes it s nous and aspatial, eliminating the need for participants t o newsfeed over APC, as do dozens of smaller alternativ e be communicating in the same place or at the same time . news services.

nElectronic mai l Other organizations maintain conferences in which the y e-mail is the most highly-used feature of APC . place their regular publications such as newsletters o r Networking is still very much a sequence of encounter s reports. between individuals, and the sending of letters as a way o f Perhaps the main way conferences are used is for th e keeping in touch is still the norm . Yet this habit is also posting of bulletins — general sharing of items of interest changing . Having the capability of carbon copying the to the participants . This process provides a growing message to several others just by typing in their onlin e repository of information in particular subject areas which addresses has meant that small group interactions hav e has proven especially useful to researchers and students . been greatly strengthened . Coupled with having the ability to send documents by e-mail to colleagues halfway Certain conferences act as discussion forums . Many around the world in a matter of minutes, activists are now organizations use them in this way to prepare multi- forming alliances and task forces that would have bee n authored documents, create plans and policies, prepar e logistically impractical only a few years ago . budgets and discuss events . Often, these conferences are private ones . Each APC system has the capability of exchanging e-mail with other APC networks . Because of connections to th e Other uses include upcoming events listings, jo b global meta-network of hundreds of interlinke d postings, and provision of advice for using messaging systems (including the aforementione d microcomputers . As awareness grows, this new Internet, BITNET, UUCP/Usenet, and FidoNet, and to th e technology is being used in the preparation and commercial networks such as Dialcom and CompuServe , coordination of large international projects involving a as well as the fax and telex networks), the potentia l multitude of participants . correspondents number more than 20 million people . APC networks and their small-host affiliates are all able to exchange conferences as well as e-mail . Due to e-mai l

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gateways and direct connections, any of the followin g APC related Computer can also be made available in conferencing format Networking Initiatives (including mailing lists) on an APC or affiliated system : Internet mailing lists n Networks in Africa BITNET mailing lists The following is an overview of some of the computer UUCP mailing lists networking projects under way in Africa. Why Africa? Usenet newsgroups Because the examples provided by these largely loca l FidoNet echos groups demonstrate what is possible for dedicate d For a listing of APC-originated conferences, see Appendix 5. individuals to achieve using available resources. Non-APC-originated conferences obtainable on APC ar e Some of the experience they have gained can be of use t o listed in the sections on Internet, BITNET, UUCP/Usenet, others working locally with limited support but who ar e and FidoNet . looking for ways to tap into APC and associated network s In the main, APC-originated conferences are not used fo r and conferencing systems worldwide. the sharing of high-level technical or scientific data . Bu t While these networks are independent entities that hav e since many of the scientific research-oriented mailing list s established themselves in their own countries, they hav e from Internet and BITNET are carried on APC, som e been assisted in connecting with the larger global networks exchange is possible . by certain APC networks, notably GreenNet and Web . n Online Databases Generally, due to the poor telephone infrastructures in th e At present, the only APC network that has databases developing world, it is difficult to maintain good written accessible online by its users is IGC, the APC network in communication . Faxes, for example, rarely get through in the USA . Other APC networks are also developing their their entirety on the first attempt. For successful and cost- own online databases and this capability should exist fo r efficient computer communications, therefore, appropriat e them within the year . technology must be used . This means that, instead of th e hardware and software used by most of the APC networks , The following is a description of the IGC databases . almost all of the APC-affiliated small host networks in Africa InterACT n An online utility for faxing to world leaders and other such places are using regular DOS based persona l and others, it provides telephone and fax numbers for all computers running specially configured FidoNet software , members of the USA Senate and House o f transferring data by high-speed modems . This is Representatives, fax numbers for various magazines , comparatively inexpensive, needs little maintenance, an d newspapers, and broadcasters, and it can send your ow n does not require hard-to-fmd sophisticated technical message to each fax number . expertise to set up and operate .

UNNPPA UN n List of National Parks and Protected The following report was prepared by Mike Jensen, a Areas (from WCMC/IUCN) development communications consultant and actin g systems operator for WorkNet (South Africa) . Harbinger File n A directory of citizen groups, government agencies and environmental educatio n n NGONET Africa. programs concerned with California environmenta l The NGONET Africa project is based at the Environment issues . Liaison Centre International (ELCI) in Nairobi where a DEER n The Directory of Environmental Educatio n Fido bulletin board system has been set up to provide a Resources, a project of the Colorado Alliance fo r conduit for electronic mail traffic in the region and to Environmental Education and the Colorado Departmen t NGOs worldwide . This is done using a high-spee d of Education. modem to make daily calls to the GreenNet Fido gatewa y in London. The project is supporting four prototyp e RG-ENERGY n Energy Cost Analysis System (from REAL network hosts, one for each region of Africa – ELCI i n GOODS) Nairobi (East Africa), Mango in Harare (Southern Africa) , EVENTS n General calendar of events for the IGC onlin e ENDA in Dakar (West Africa) and ENDA-Arabe in Tuni s community. Post your own organizational events here ! (North Africa) . ELCI, Mango and ENDA-Dakar ar e already established and ENDA-Arabe is expected to EPA n Bibliographic citations compiled by the U S come on line before the end of the year. Environmental Protection Agency Library Network.

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nESANE T African Association of Universities and the Technology Transfer Centre . ESANET (Eastern and Southern African Network) is a pilot project to link researchers at universities in Uganda , nWEDNET Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Kenya with each othe r and with researchers worldwide by installing electroni c Supporting research on women and natural resourc e mail facilities at the computer centres of universities i n management is the aim of the WEDNET project which seeks to link researchers in Senegal, Ghana, Burkin o these countries . ESANET is based at the University o f Faso, Nigeria, Sudan, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Zambia an d Nairobi Institute of Computer Science . To maximize Canada via electronic communications and scarce resources, coordination and technical support i s conventional networking. WEDNET is also based at ELC I being shared with the NGONET project. Where there is no in Nairobi . local NGO host system, it has been agreed that NGOs will be able to use the resources of the campus-based nodes . nWorkNet

Nodes are currently being installed in : In South Africa, WorkNet operates as the national Kampala n Makarere University - nodename MUKLA , electronic network host for NGOs. The network has been established for about three years and now has about 18 0 n Nairobi University of Nairobi - nodename UNICS , users representing the labour movement, human right s Dares Salaam n University of Dar es Salaam/Easter n groups, the alternate press, documentation centres , and Southern African Universities Research Project - service organizations and church groups . The ICFTU nodename ESAURP , (International Congress of Free Trade Unions) has funded the development of gateway software whic h n Lusaka University of Zambia Computer Centre - allows major BBS users to send messages to othe r nodename UZCC , systems and obtain/post to online conferences . Harare n University of Harare Computer Centre - nMANG nodename UHCC . O MANGO is a bulletin board service in Harare, Zimbabwe , nHealthNet operated by a collective of NGOs including : Afric a HealthNet is operated by a Boston-based NGO called Information Afrique (a regional news agency), IMBISA Satellite which was initiated as a project of the Inter - (Bishops Conference based in Harare), SARDC (Souther n national Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear Wa r African Research and Documentation Centre), EDICES A (IPPNW) . Satellite has purchased 60 per cent of th e (Ecumenical Documentation and Information Centre fo r capacity of the University of Surrey (UK)-built Uosat- F Eastern and Southern Africa) . It was recently agreed that satellite . This will initially be used to exchange health and the system be made available to the NGO community a s medical information between the same universitie s a whole . MANGO now connects three times daily with (coincidentally) participating in the ESANET project an d the Web Fido gateway in Toronto . In addition, i t via Memorial University in St . John's, Newfoundland , connects three times a day to WorkNet in Johannesburg . Canada. nARSONE T nPADISNET ARSONET is a project to link the national African The Pan African Documentation Centre Network Standards Authorities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ; Dakar, (PADISNET) is a project to link 34 countries into a Senegal ; Nairobi, Kenya and Cairo, Egypt, with Fid o network of participating development planning centre s networking technology . ARSO has established a node in which exchange databases and information . PADIS is Nairobi which also connects daily to London. In Addis based at the United Nations Economic Commission fo r Ababa, users are connecting with PADIS as their host, i n Africa (UNECA) in Addis Ababa which also operates a Senegal through ENDA; a separate system connecting . Fido node connecting to Accra, London, Nairobi , directly to London will be established in Cairo. Johannesburg and Washington .

In Accra, the Centre for Scientific and Industria l Research (CIIR) is participating in the PADISNET projec t and has established GhastiNet as a local host system . This machine currently also operates as a host for the

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Other APC-Affiliated Networks will be available direct from NGONET and the othe r electronic nodes of the Association for Progressive Besides the African host networks, there are systems in other Communications (APC) in 1992 . regions that are affiliated with APC through regula r n exchanges of e-mail and conferencing material . These NGOBIB Using Micro-CDS-Isis software and followin g systems include Equanex in Ecuador, Huracan in Costa Rica , international bibliographical standards, summaries o f Bolnet in Bolivia, Ceniai and TinoRed in Cuba, Toppsi in more than 450 key documents (mainly produced b y Ireland, LMDP/ArtsNet and Camelsnose in the Netherlands , NGOs) are stored in this database . NGOs can request a n Econnect in Czechoslovakia, and Dix in Estonia . index or the full text of specific documents fro m NGONET through any e-mail system, conventional mai l More information about the networks mentioned in thi s or fax and a document can be e-mailed or printed an d section is contained within Appendix 4 . mailed/faxed to them . NGOBIB will be online direct from NGONET later in 1992 . NGONET The following databases are now in preparation and will b e Instituto del Tercer Mundo available online in 1992 . Casilla 153 9 NGOMED n Provides information on media contact s Correo Centra l and information dissemination channels for NGOs . It is a Montevideo 1100 0 subset of NGODAT. Uruguay NGOFUND n This FoxBase database will provide detail s Telephone : 598-2-49619 2 of potential funders of NGO projects . Fax: 598-2-41922 2 Telex: 40001 MAILBOX UY NGOPAIR n This FoxBase database will provid e e-mail: ngoinfo@chasque .org.uy information to NGOs wishing to "twin" or collaborat e geo2 :ngonet with other NGOs on issues and projects .

o r ImprovingAccess to Electronic Networks for Wome n Gillian Phillips - NGONET Canad a Working with the women's coordinator at the Institute for 242B Charlotte St, Ottawa, Ontario KIN 8L 3 Global Communication, NGONET seeks to expand link s Telephone : 613-238-4474/236-0827 between women's groups worldwide. NGONET will Fax: 613-238-116 2 provide demonstrations and support to women attendin g e-mail: web : phillips the women's activities in Rio from June 1 to June 14, 1992 .

NGONET is a service operated by Instituto del Tercer Provision of Information in Other Language s Mundo, a Uruguayan NGO that assists other NGOs wit h Discussion is ongoing on the provision of more their information and communications needs . It wa s information in French and other languages including established as a means of helping the worldwide NGO Portuguese and Arabic . community obtain information about, and participate in , Support of Indigenous and Peasants Networks the United Nations Conference on Environment an d NGONET is working with the secretariat of the World Development (UNCED) . Rainforest Movement to provide information and The following services are now offered by NGONET, or are communication support to the recently-created Allianc e under development and will be available during 1992 : of Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of the Tropical Rainforests and to follow up the workshop o n Services Landlessness and Deforestation (New York, February NGONET is developing several major databases of NGO 28th - March 1st) information. Housed in Montevideo, they are availabl e Community Radio Links around the world . Working with national radio stations such as NGODAT n Contains names, addresses and other detail s PanAmericana in Uruguay, production and distributio n of environment and development NGOs participating i n centres such as IBASE in Brazil and international radi o UNCED and related activities . With more than 5,00 0 networks including AMARC, NGONET is formulating the records, this FoxBase database is updated and expande d development of several community radio program s every 2 weeks . Accessible online through Econet an d providing UNCED-related information . GeoNet and also through Antenna in the Netherlands, it

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The future of NGONE T and smaller publications such as Countdown to Rio and th e Many of NGONET's present services are focused on PrepCom IV Primer were made available online . This supporting NGOs involved in the UNCED process . material, as well as plenary and committee reports of th e However, NGONET will continue to expand its suppor t United Nations and official keynote speeches, has enabled and communications network in coming years . In June the many participants to remain current . 1992 NGONET will undertake an extensive evaluation o f For a full listing of UNCED and related conferences, se e its services and modify its goals according to the post - Appendix 5 . UNCED needs expressed by NGOs around the world . A five-year plan will be developed by October 1992. At each of the last three Preparatory Committee meetings fo r the conference held in Nairobi, Geneva and New York, AP C Currently collecting information on environment an d networks and their affiliates have made their communica- development and UNCED-related NGOs, NGONET ha s tions facilities available to the participants . In New York, APC already begun discussion on broadening its issue-base t o and NGONET collaborated on giving free access to thei r include labour and other NGO sector interests . services to those who attended and calling this "FreeNet" . Critical NGONET activities, including the collection of The APC network in Brazil, AlterNex, is operated by IBASE , information, support to NGO activities, and th e the Brazilian Institute for Economic and Social Analysis . development of solid international links with other NGO IBASE is providing the official electronic communications organizations, will continue to be central tasks . system for the conference . Another "FreeNet" for NGONET will continue to work towards the development participants is planned . of a decentralized communications network, based o n See also the organizations section. the collaborative efforts of various media channels and information sources, and will pursue the goal o f providing technologically and linguistically-appropriat e two-way information exchange between NGOs around the globe. TCN/ELECTRONIC VILLAG E (DIALCOM) United Nations Conference on Environment and Telecommunication s Development (UNCED) Cooperative Network

UNCED Secretariat 1333 H St NW, Suite 700 P.O . Box 80 Washington, DC 2000 5 160 Route de Florissant USA Conche s CH-1231 Genev a Telephone : 202-682-0949 Switzerland Fax : 202-682-7859 e-mail : Dialcom 41 :TCN002 Telephone : 41-22-789-1676 Fax: 41-22-789-3536 The Telecommunications Cooperative Network (TCN)is a membership service organization, aimed at facilitating th e The APC has supported the consultative process of the use of telecommunications by its membership, comprisin g United Nations Conference on Environment and over 2500 non-profit organizations primarily in, or wit h Development, which is leading to the Earth Summit in Ri o partners in, North America . TCN is not itself a vendor o f de Janeiro, by providing electronic communications for the telecommunications services . organizers, NGOs and government agencies the world over. Many online conferences exist for rapid and cost-effectiv e TCN's package of services includes voice •mail, long - dissemination of official UNCED documentation and for distance voice networks, audiotext, facsimile broadcast, an d ancillary discussion . consulting, in addition to computer-mediate d communications . Besides the reports of the UNCED Preparatory Committe e meetings, a number of the UNCED Working Groups set up The scope of the TCN/ Electronic Village is global, both i n to focus on particular issues, were maintaining update d its subscriber base, and the information available . However, versions online . Newsletters such as The UNCED Link, there is a very strong predominance of organizations whic h Earth Summit Bulletin, US Citizens' Network Newsletter, are located and headquartered in North America . No matter

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how strong their global perspectives might be, as is indee d between networks as it collects and delivers inter- the case with the United Nations agencies, it is inevitable system mail, electronic mail can be exchanged wit h that some of the information services, and much of th e virtually all other computer networks . networks' style of communication and information flow , • multi-media data communication to telex, fax an d reflect their North American connections . Thus, many of telegraphic services world-wide, usually at Nort h the news services (press releases, feature articles) ar e American rates . accented towards a North American market . • access to external databases, which are listed below a t n Access the end of this section . See Appendix 6 for more details . The TCN/Electronic Village is available to subscriber s . . . which are not-for-profit entities . Access can be through any packet switching network in the world which can link to host systems in the USA. GEONET

The NUA network user address of Dialcom system 41 i s Poptel-GeoNet 0311030100341 . 25 Downham Roa d n Charges London N1 5A A United Kingdom - The monthly charge for a mailbox on TCN/ Electroni c Telephone : 44—71—249—294 8 Village is USD 20, which provides `rental' of a passwor d Fax : 44—71—254—1102 protected ID to access the system. All other charges are GeoNet: geo2 :support strictly for use of the system. The hourly on-line connec t Internet: support@geo2 .geomail.org charge for use of the Dialcom system is USD 5 .00 off-peak Dasnet: (dcfgn2) support (nights and weekends), and USD 9 .00 at all other times . NUA: 0234212300292 0 Connection charges via the telecommunications network s (note : use this Poptel-GeoNet address to contact an y vary according to the location of the incoming call . The GeoNet service ; the full list of systems is too long t o domestic connect charge in the USA is USD 4.00 off-peak reproduce here) and USD 5 .00 peak. GeoNet is a public service e-mail and information syste m n Services designed by GeoNet GmbH of Germany . GeoNet host- systems in a number of countries are linked together to The Computer Mediated Communications services of TC N form the GeoMail network . A large proportion of the are referred to by TCN as their "data services" . Thes e GeoMail user-base, particularly users of the systems run by comprise the selection of a communications network as th e Poptel (hosts GEO2 and MCR1), are `noncommercial' , most appropriate medium for a specific member, or group working in fields such as development, environment, of members, for electronic mail, multi-medium messaging international trade, labour, and human rights . Poptel is a (fax, telex), and databases . In this way, TCN has helped broad program which promotes the popular use o f some members to establish themselves as users of th e telematics (computer-mediated communication), for CompuServe network, and, in the future, it could assis t sustainable social and economic development . other members to use other networks, such as GeoNet . The bulk of TCN's data services are operated in the "Electroni c There are fifteen GeoMail hosts in Belgium, Germany , Village", an electronic mail, computer conferencing an d Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Switzerland, USA and Unite d database access network housed on the commercial B T Kingdom . All are operated by independent organizations , Tymnet/ Dialcom Service. Most of TCN's services on such as Poptel . While not run by one of the telecommunica- Dialcom are operated on the Dialcom host 141 . tions giants, GeoMail is nevertheless the largest public n service electronic mail network in continental Europe . In Services in the Electronic Village all, there are approximately 15,000 subscribers to GeoNe t TCN's data services make use of the extensive range of systems worldwide . services available on many Dialcom systems, so that a Concrete plans are well advanced for new GeoNet hosts t o subscriber can use : operate in most countries, including : western and eastern • electronic mail, within the Village host system, wit h Europe, the Mediterranean area, and in location s other Dialcom networks . Through the DASNet facility, throughout Africa, Asia/ Pacific, and Latin America / which acts as an electronic mailvan moving regularly Caribbean in the next two years .

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More than 50% of the subscriber base of the Geo2 system , InterLink, or DASnet' n users of e-mail networks whic h located in the United Kingdom, comprise independent do not have full X.400 facilities can still be contacted organizations outside of the country of location . There ar e through the DASnet gateway which regularly picks u p GeoNet subscribers in more than 80 countries . and delivers mail from a number of networks, including the giant InterNet network . n Access Specialized gateways n a number of special gateways are Each GeoNet system can be accessed by direct dial modem currently operating, or under development . These include: and through packet switching systems . • The Inmarsat gateway, which allows message exchang e In addition, each GeoNet system can be accessed through between GeoMail users and users of the Inmarsat- C local dial-in numbers operated by SprintNet, currently in satellite network (fully operational) . almost 30 countries in three continents . Furthermore, the • The UUCP gateway, which allows faster and cheape r GeoNet InterMail network can be used, so that a subscribe r message exchange with Internet users . to the Moscow system can access it, when visiting New York, by calling the US system and being connected by th e • The new Fido gateway developed jointly by GreenNet ( a GeoMail Interswitch facility. member of the Association of Progressiv e Communications - APC) and Poptel which allows As with most other commercial electronic host systems , message exchange with important Fido small access can also be made from a telex terminal . Finally, access systems .These Fido gateways and systems are can be made through using the Inmarsat-C satellite network. described in more detail elsewhere in this Chapter . n Charges n Multi-media messaging

The basic monthly charge for a mailbox on the GeoNe t Systems in the GeoMail network share resources such a s system Geo2 is PST 12 (Pounds sterling), approximatel y fax and telex gateways, whereby an outgoing fax or telex is USD 20, which provides 'rental' of a password-protected I D routed via the most appropriate gateway to improve to access the system, and 60 minutes of online use fo r reliability and reduce costs. Thus a fax from California to electronic mail and bulletin boards . Additional time is Siberia will be delivered electronically from the GeoNe t charged at PST 0.08, approximately US 0.14 per minute . host in California to the GeoNet host in Siberia, where i t Additional services, such as lowest cost routing of multi - will be transmitted to the destination fax, at loca l media messaging, electronic mail with other systems, an d telephone rates . This kind of resource sharing will become database searches, are charged separately. more common as networks harmonize standards. GeoNet subscribers can have their own telex numbers, so that n Services received telexes are delivered to their mailbox .

GeoNet offers extensive electronic mail, multi-medi a A facility is under development (mid-1992) for incomin g messaging, conferences, and local and external databases . fax messages to be received as text messages in a GeoNe t subscriber's mailbox . The incoming message will b e n Electronic mail optically translated to basic (ASCII) text. All GeoNet systems communicate with one another ove r A facility already exists for GeoNet to transmit a fax wit h the international data network, using the InterMai l an image of the subscriber's logo or letterhead. protocol . As well as allowing e-mail (text messages and binary files) to be exchanged between the GeoMail hosts , n Databases InterMail enables users of one system to gain access t o other systems in the network in 'real time' . GeoMai l GeoMail users can access databases held on their ow n users have a number of Gateways allowing messag e 'home' GeoNet system, other GeoNet systems, and othe r exchange with users of other e-mail systems : public-access hosts such as Datastar, Dialog, and Profile . Users do not need to obtain their own subscriptions t o n X.400 GeoMail users can have their own X.400 address, these services, and can interrogate databases withou t which is a globally-agreed protocol to standardize having to learn the command languages for each ( a addressing and delivery of electronic mail . A special special GeoMail gateway translates standard GeoNe t X.400 gateway connects the GeoMail network to other commands into the command language of the particula r X.400 compatible VAN's—Value Added Networks—an d database) . After informing an external host of the searc h private networks . criteria to be used in database session, a subscriber can

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log out, and have the search results delivered, in a pre- THE INTERNET defined format, to the subscriber's mailbox . This reduces considerably the cost of consulting external databases . DDN Network Information Cente r A powerful new development in the Geomail network is SRI International the facility for a GeoNet system to establish and manag e Room EJ29 1 databases on their own system . This means that a GeoNe t 333 Ravenswood Avenue host in one location can provide extensive databas e Menlo Park services, using bibliographic and full text material s California 9402 5 provided by local institutions. While there is a charge b y USA GeoNet to the supplying institution for setting an d managing its online databases, income from user searche s e-mail: To : SERVICE@SRI-NIC .ARPA can be used to generate income for the institution. Thus, Subject: HELP for example, a GeoNet host in West Africa will operate it s The Internet is a global research network consisting of own full database service on organizations working i n 727,000 host systems in more than 40 countries . Some 1 5 specific fields of sustainable development, and be able to million people have access to the Internet, mainly at make this information available to GeoNet users in othe r universities, colleges and other educational institutions , parts of the world. The same command language is use d and commercial, government, and military researc h for local and external databases . facilities . Since its inception in the early 1970s, it has Databases which are directly related to sustainabl e continued to grow at an exponential rate . development and currently available through GeoNe t The Internet is made up of more than 1,000 regional an d systems, are listed in Appendix 7. It should be noted that special interest networks . One of these is the National GeoNet will negotiate, at the request of a GeoNet Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) . All these networks subscriber, with suppliers of other external databases fo r are interlinked by a common data transfer protocol called their inclusion in the GeoNet services. TCP/IP . Though most hosts on the Internet are located i n n Bulletin boards North America, there are many in other countries as well , including an increasing number in the Third World . Each GeoNet system maintains bulletin boards whic h can be read, and written 'on' by any subscriber of an y ► Access GeoNet system, unless access to read or write is restricted by passwords . A bulletin board on GeoNet is Unless one is affiliated with an educational or researc h the equivalent of a 'conference' on systems such as AP C institution, it is almost impossible to get access to Interne t facilities member hosts, although its structure is different. . There has been a recent push, however, to ope n up the Internet to commercial activities . This could mean Since 1989, various GeoNet bulletin boards dealing with that the public, in the near future, could get onto Interne t international development issues have been 'ported' t o merely by paying a small fee to a local commercial host . If APC systems to become APC conferences, at the request o f you are a member of an educational or research institution APC system subscribers . In principle, any public-access which is on the Internet, you can probably get an accoun t GeoNet bulletin board can be ported . APC subscribers by asking the Computer Services department . should contact their system operator for details .

Bulletin boards dealing with issues of international an d ► Charges sustainable development are the most heavily used o n All organizations that maintain an Internet site must pay GeoNet . Most are used primarily for document delivery the going rates charged by the local Internet administration . and not so much for dialogue . According to regula r These costs range from several hundred to several thousand evaluations undertaken both by GeoNet and by user dollars per year and are used to pay for the telecommu- groups, this is because of the relatively high cost for th e nications links for the regional network . The users of th e majority of subscribers located far from the host— network do not have to pay anything, and the general rule i s especially those in the South, of accessing GeoNe t that no organization can charge for Internet services . services. This makes discussion an expensiv e commodity. However, this situation will change as th e number of GeoNet hosts increases .

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. Services BITNET

Like most online services, the accessing and exchanging o f BITNET Network Informatino Center (BITNIC ) information is the purpose of the network . To facilitate thi s INFO%BITNIC.BITNET@CUNYVM .CUNY.ED U there are three main mechanisms : Electronic mail (e-mail) , NETSERV%BITNIC .BITNET@CUNYVM .CUNY.ED U remote login (telnet), and file transfer (ftp) . LISTSERV%BITNIC.BITNET@CUNYVM .CUNY .ED U nElectronic mail EDUCOM Networking Activitie s

e-mail is probably the most-used Internet service . All P.O. Box 364 major networks can send and receive mail from th e Princeto n Internet. Unlike certain other networks with which yo u New Jersey 08540 may be familiar (UUCP and BITNET), Internet mail is US A usually delivered directly to the recipient . Telephone : 609–734–1878 nMailing lists BITNET (Because It's Time NETwork) is a general purpos e Certain Internet hosts act as redistributors of messages academic network chartered to facilitate non-commercia l for groups sharing a common interest and wishing t o information exchange among its members . BITNE T share information with each other . The host syste m connects more than 500 American colleges and universities, maintains a list of all the online addresses of th e as well as colleges and universities in Canada (where it i s members of a group, and this list is itself given a uniqu e known as NetNorth), in Europe (where it is known as address. To share messages with colleagues, member s EARN), and in Latin America, Australia, Africa and the Far send the information to the list address, which the n East. Like Internet and UUCP/Usenet, most BITNET host s sends a copy to everyone . are located in North America and Europe.

While it can be somewhat cumbersome for people to The Corporation for Research and Education Networking receive ongoing e-mail from several mailing lists, al l (CREN) is the managing agency for BITNET . arriving in one mailbox, it is a way of staying in touc h that would otherwise be almost impossible . n Access

There are more than 1,000 public mailing lists . Those Access is usually restricted to the academicians, students that appear to have the most relevance to sustainabl e and administrative staff of colleges and universities, thoug h development are presented in Appendix 8 of this report. other researchers with legitimate needs are sometime s granted temporary accounts . nInformation resources

There are hundreds of host systems on the Internet that n Charges offer services such as bulletin boards, databases, an d Generally the users are not charged for their individua l archives of programs and mailing lists. Mostly they ar e usage of BITNET services, though it is often the case that th e bibliographic databases of library holdings a t institution will charge a regular set fee for maintenance o f universities. Those relevant to sustainable developmen t an account on the local computer . are in Appendix 9 . .n Services

The primary function of BITNET is electronic mail . People with BITNET accounts are given an address of the for m USER@HOST, where USER is the individual's account nam e and HOST is the name of the BITNET host computer . Sending mail to another person on BITNET is fairly straightforward . The exchange of mail messages amon g many BITNET users, however, requires a facility called a `listserver' .

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Listservers keep track of the addresses of all members of a listserver user manual . Includes introductory particular group and when members wish to post a information and commands, description of some lists, a message which can be read and answered by anyone, they list of listserver sites, and some information on BITNE T send the message to the appropriate list address, the n database . copies are sent to all the members' mailboxes . The GET BITNET USERHELP n the "official" BITNET use r electronic address for a listserver is LISTSERV@node. The manual, written by Chris Condon, to "familiarize yo u electronic address for a list is list@node . with the basic concepts behind BITNET and how t o Note the difference between LISTSERV@node and communicate with people throughout it ." It starts with list@node . A mail message to be distributed to the lis t "BITNET for the Complete Idiot" and offers brief members is sent to list@node ; commands such as coverage of most BITNET topics including listservers , SUBSCRIBE, UNSUBSCRIBE, and REVIEW are sent to gateways, interactive communication, etc . LISTSERV@node . Be careful not to confuse these two ; n occasionally a user sends a command to list@node an d Mailing Lists everyone on the list receives this command as a mail There are more than 3,000 BITNET mailing lists . Of . message these, the fewer than 100 which are directly pertinent t o The best known listserver is LISTSERV@BITNIC . BITNI C sustainable development are listed in Appendix 10. (BITNET Network Information Center) contains a larg e amount of listserver information and performs a coordinating function for other listservers . Similarly, there are regionally-located "backbone listservers" that contain a UUCP/USENET variety of frequently-accessed information (eg : an inventory of all lists on all listservers) . Backbone listservers allow UUCP Projec t efficient distribution of network information . [email protected] .CO M cblpf!uucp-query n BITNIC Documentation [email protected] uunet!usenet-request usenet-request@uunet .uu.ne t Help Manuals and other documentation are availabl e from BITNIC (BITNET Network Information Center) . The UUCP network is a network of computers that use the Send the following commands or messages t o UNIX operating system . Part of the UNIX operating syste m LISTSERV@BITNIC : is a program that allows files to be copied via telephone lin e and modem to another UNIX computer . This program i s LIST GLOBAL n a "list of lists" maintained at the BITNI C called UUCP (UNIX to UNIX CoPy) and is the basis for the listserver and on all backbone listservers . You will receive circulation of electronic mail among network sites . a file (not a mail message) which contains the network ID (listname), full address (list@node), and list title of al l There are approximately 45,000 host computers on the available lists . UUCP network. Though there are many in developing nations, the vast majority are located in the industrialized GET BITNET SERVERS n "a list of network servers and countries. It is estimated that there are more than 10 millio n services" ; including file servers (eg : ISACC, INFO@NSF) , people with accounts on the network. NETSERV file servers, user directory servers (eg: FINGER , NAMESERV, WHOIS), LISTSERV file servers, LISTSERVE Usenet is not a network per se, but a distributed computer filelists, RELAY, and a selected list of electroni c conferencing system that makes use of the UUCP networ k magazines . For general information about servers se e as the vehicle for transporting messages . Special software is the BITNET USERHELP file listed below. used to structure the messages into specific topic groupings called 'newsgroups' . About 20 per cent of the UUCP GETLISTSERVGROUPS n an annotated list of selected network account holders are Usenet readers. lists ; includes listname, listowner and brief description. Also includes a listing of ARPAnet Special Interes t Access Groups with BITNET sub-lists . ► Since its inception in the early 1980s, the UUCP network GET BITNET OVERVIEW n the best short description of has been anarchic . There has never been any officia l BITNET, its services, and membership structure . network administration to set fees or make policies . This GET USING SERVERS n the closest thing BITNIC has to a does not mean that the network is unstable or problematic ,

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however . Due to the strong cooperative spirit of the cadre o f Newsgroups distributed worldwide are divided into computer scientists who created it and have overseen it s seven broad classifications : "news", "soc", "talk", "misc" , development, it has functioned quite efficiently with a "sci", "comp" and "rec" . Each of these classifications i s minimum of problems . organized into groups and subgroups according to topic .

Because there is no administration to set access policy, th e "comp" n Topics of interest to both computer network is open to anyone with UUCP or UUCP-emulating professionals and hobbyists, including topics in software that can find a network site to connect to . Onc e computer science, software sources, and information o n connected, mail and newsgroup messages can be hardware and software systems. exchanged . For those who only wish to access a networ k "sci" n Discussions marked by special and usually computer occasionally through dial-up access, rather than practical knowledge, relating to research in, o r maintain their own network host, there are an ever - application of, the established sciences . increasing number of public access UUCP/Usenet system s willing to offer individual accounts . The APC networks, fo r "misc" n Groups addressing themes not easily classifie d example, offer people the opportunity to use the services o f under any of the other headings or which incorporat e UUCP/Usenet . themes from multiple categories .

"soc" n Groups primarily addressing social issues an d n Charges socializing . The costs of operating one's own site are minimal, bein g "talk" n Groups largely debate-oriented and tending to only the cost of the telephone connection to the next site , feature long discussions without resolution and without which is usually a local call . Charges for an account on a appreciable amounts of generally-useful information . public-access host can vary from nothing to a few hundre d dollars per year . It is often the case that individual mail t o "news" n Groups concerned with the news network an d other sites is sent without any extra charge . software themselves .

"rec" n Groups oriented towards hobbies and Services recreational activities . Like the Internet and BITNET, there are hundreds of UUC P These "world" newsgroups are (usually) circulate d Mailing Lists . The actual mailing lists are maintained by around the entire USENET—this implies worldwid e human moderators . If you wish to become part of a mailin g distribution . Not all groups actually enjoy such wide list, send a message to the moderator stating your name an d distribution, however . The European Usenet and Eune t full e-mail address . sites take only a selected subset of the more Moderators do have the right to restrict access, bu t "technical"groups, and controversial "noise" groups ar e generally will allow anyone to join. often not carried by many sites in the US and Canada (these groups are often under the "talk" and "soc " For a full list of updated mailing lists, users are encourage d classifications) . to check the news .lists and news .announce .newusers newsgroups each month . For a full list of updated newsgroups, users ar e encouraged to check the news .lists an d A list of UUCP mailing lists related to sustainabl e news .announce .newusers newsgroups each month. development is given in Appendix 11 . Of the 800 or so worldwide newsgroups and the 1,00 0 n Newsgroups newsgroups with limited distribution, there are very fe w Unlike Internet, BITNET, and UUCP mailing lists, whic h related to sustainable development . For a listing of these , are received by individual users with accounts on thos e see Appendix 12. networks, Usenet newsgroups are received by the hos t computer . Access to any and all of the newsgroups i s then available to each user. In this, they are similar to th e computer conferences on the APC Networks . Many, i n fact, are currently being received on various APC hosts .

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COMPUSERVE INFORMATION SERVICE S as the members of a voluntary association or a company, to (CIS) conduct a closed forum.

Available in North America, and most countries, excludin g In the field of sustainable development, there is only one Europe : publicly accessible forum, known as "Network Earth" , mediated by the Turner Broadcasting System, which has a CompuServe Customer Servic e program of the same name . This Forum is dominated b y wide-ranging ecological dialogue among concerned North 5000 Arlington Centre Boulevard American citizens, and it provides many insights into their PO Box 2021 2 concerns and priorities. In addition, the forum has a growin g Columbus, Ohio 4322 0 library of documents available for downloading, many of USA them directly related to the specific topics which emerge d during the preparatory phases of the UNCED process . Telephone : 614-457-865 0 The prime geographic coverage of its membership and th e Europe/ I services offered to them is the North American economy . CompuServe Customer Servic e CompuServe is increasingly available in Europe and other industrialized economies . 15/16 Lower Park Row PO Box 676 n Access Bristol BS99 1YN United Kingdo m Access is available, with significant communications surcharges, through local direct dial-in points throughout Nort h Telephone : (in UK) 0800 .289458 America, Europe, Japan and other industrialized countries . (from outside UK) 44-272-25511 1 Fax: 44-272-25221 0 CompuServe can also be accessed from any packe t switching network service able to link to X .25 or X.12 1 Europe/2 network user addresses (NUAs) in North America, th e CompuServe Customer Servic e United Kingdom, Switzerland or Germany . It should b e noted that CompuServe has incomplete and out-of-dat e Jahnstrasse 2 information on international access . The information o n Postfach 116 9 access from many parts of the South is inadequate . D-8025 Unterhaching bei Muenche n German y n Charges

Telephone : (in Germany) 0130-464 3 There is no subscription fee for access to the basic service . A n (from outside Germany) 49-89-66550222 extended subscription, which allows access to more busines s within Switzerland 155 3179 and commercial information, is USD 10 .00 per month . Fax: 44-89-6655025 5 There is a basic cost for time spent on line . However, there CompuServe is the largest network of individuals using are additional costs for electronic mail with other networks, personal computers, with approximately 750,000 users and fax and telex (at North American or European rates) . worldwide . The overwhelming bulk of CompuServ e Database usage is also charged, with rates varying accordin g membership is in North America, although there ar e to the host, the specific database consulted, and the extent o f subscribers in virtually every country of the world. information retrieved .

The predominance of individual members, above Outside North America, where CompuServe can b e institutional subscribers, is reflected in the package of accessed in most cities and towns for the price of a local dialogue services, which are often focused on a process o f phone call, the costs of access are a significant additiona l exchange (called "Forums") among subscribers . There ar e expense . Within Europe, Japan, and some othe r several dozen publicly accessible forums, mainly centre d industrialized countries where CompuServe has local dial - upon computers and information technology, hobbies , in access points, communication surcharges cost around lifestyles and education . Forums are often `managed' by USD 10 .00 per hour. Elsewhere, communication must b e discussion coordinators, many of whom are linked t o made either via the national packet switching network, or commercial enterprises with a direct interest in the Forum' s by direct dial to an access point in one of the regions topic. In addition, it is possible for certain subscribers, such mentioned, such as Europe or North America.

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► Services The principal services are : • communicatio n • electronic shopping • reference and resources • interest and dialogue area s n Communication

CompuServe offers electronic mail facilities fo r correspondence with any other member of CompuServe . CompuServe's electronic service allows the transfer o f both text and binary files . Mail can also be exchange d with subscribers of the MCI Mail and AT&T Mail networks . The system allows the transmission of messages to any fax or telex machine in the world . nElectronic shoppin g

CompuServe offers facilities for the purchase of a wid e variety of consumer items direct from retailers . Thes e include : computer software, clothing, books, and airline tickets . nReference and resource s

CompuServe offers a variety of information resources , finance, news, entertainment, computer software/hardware for personal and business applications, travel information , as well as reference resources .

The reference services, principally through CompuServe' s IQuest facility, provide access to approximately 1,000 databases on consumer, business, academic, social , scientific, legal, medical, and basic reference information . Access is open to databases operated by twelve commercia l database suppliers (hosts) . While search procedures ar e simplified, the system does not allow multi-host searching , nor off-line delivery of results to a subscriber's mailbox .

The principal databases relevant to sustainabl e development are in Appendix 13 .

S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V D A T A B A S E S

Online Database s

Interest in sustainable development has exploded . As of n Access mid-May 1992, we counted over 1700 'unique' citations i n 121 mostly bibliographic databases and about 300 0 The Online databases mentioned here are available t o citations in 74 news databases we searched . From January anyone with a computer, a modem, and a telephone . Most to mid-May 1992, 710 news articles have appeared o n can be reached through a local packet switching network, sustainable development within some 380 database s or by direct dialup . Some such as IDRC, require approval , accessed via Dialog Information Services . This is a far cry and others, a subscription fee . Costs can vary substantially from 1980, when the first citations appeared . based on the mode of access . Use of the Dialog databases involves three types of fees : Databases are structured files that are searchable using a connect time - which is the time for querying and down - computer . The information they contain is quickl y loading, i.e. retrieving records from a file . This varies upward s retrievable and vast amounts of it can be accessed . from USD 60 per hour for many of the databases listed here . Databases contain many different types of information : Another charge is the rate per record or royalty charged t o citations, abstracts, news stories, biographical records, download a record . For many of the databases, this can unique chemical substances data, recipes, time series , vary from USD 0 .30-0 .50 to, exceptionally, USD 5 .50 per software programs, images, or a description or listing of page of text, for specialized reports . Most records ar e virtually anything. In 1989, there were over 5500 databases available in the lower cost range, and users can decid e containing about 5 billion records. No doubt, there are which databases to query . more today . The other category is telecommunications charges, and these About two-thirds of these databases are in the US, an d will vary with the country. Telecommunications charges are most of the databases contain full text (29%), bibliographi c cheapest, i.e. USD 6-24 per hour, in North America' . (25%), or directory (15%) information . Most of these databases are in the following subject areas : business Access to these services from many developing countrie s (33%), science, technology and engineering (19%), an d can be prohibitively expensive, because of the hig h health and life sciences (11%) . Other categories include telecommunications charges . Telecommunications fees law, social sciences, news, etc .' and authorization to use these networks are steps limitin g the free flow of information around the world . Interested Sustainable development still is not often used as an index users in Third World countries should enquire to find ou t term, either to classify databases, or their contents, but if a local packet switched network exists or they shoul d this is changing as the term gains currency. Increased use write to the database host . of sustainable development for indexing means increase d ease of searching, and more pertinent citations. n Remaining Current: This section contains information gathered from a selec t Clipping, Alert or SDI services number of databases . How does one stay current when so much information is The IISD looked through the following : floating around? Computerized access to information mean s masses of data become available. Staying on top of sustain- n Development databases available through th e able development in the news and in the research world i s Development DataBases Service of the Internationa l not straightforward, nor is it cheap . But there are ways. Development Research Centre (IDRC) in Ottawa, Canada . Computerized clipping services provide one answer' . A computerized clipping service automatically (daily i f n The databases available through Dialog Informatio n required), captures newly added database record s Services, Inc. (see Table 1 and Table 2) according to search criteria . These captured records ca n There are many more . be directed to any post box, and electronically, to some e - mail addresses . The cost varies with update frequency and database connect and royalty charges .

. .

Marcaccio, K.Y. Ed . 1990 . Computer-readable databases: A directory and data sourcebook . 6th ed . Detroit : Gale Research Inc . 1379pp. 2 Dialog Information Services, Inc . 1992 . Price list, Spring (March 1992). Palo Alto: Dialog Information Services. 3 Ojala, M . 1991 . Dollar Sign Column. Staying alert via online clipping services . Online 15(5) :80-82 . 79 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

TABLE I

The major (mostly bibliographic) databases pertinent to sustainable developmen t available through Dialog Information Services, Inc .

No. of Records o n Sustainable Rank Development Database Name Coverage (years )

1 375 GEOBASE 1980-199 2 2 290 CANADIAN BUS . & CUR. AFF . 1982-199 2 3 224 ENVIRONMENTAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 1974-199 2 4 213 CURRENT CONTENTS SEARCH 1990-199 2 5 178 CAB ABSTRACTS 1984-199 2 6 125 SOCIAL SCISEARCH 1972-199 2 7 107 AGRIS INTERNATIONAL 1974-199 2 8 106 SCISEARCH 1974-199 2 9 102 ENERGY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 1974-199 2 10 99 LCMARC-BOOKS 1968-199 2 11 90 BIOSIS PREVIEWS 1969-199 2 12 73 ACADEMIC INDEX 1976-199 2 13 73 TRADE AND INDUSTRY INDEX 1881-199 2 14 68 AGRICOLA 1979-199 2 15 68 ENVIROLINE 1970-199 2 16 51 MAGAZINE INDEX 1959-199 2 17 47 BIOBUSINESS 1985-199 2 18 47 PTS NEWSLETTER DATABASE 1987-199 2 19 46 BRITISH BOOKS IN PRINT 199 2 20 42 NTIS 1964-1992

TABLE 2

The major news databases pertinent to sustainable developmen t available through Dialog Information Services, Inc .

No. of Records on Sustainable Rank Development Database Name Coverage (years)

1 606 PTS NEWSLETTER DATABASE 1987-1992 2 449 TEXTLINE : ASIAN/AUSTRALIAN NEWS 1988-1992 3 365 TRADE AND INDUSTRY ASAP 1983-1992 4 302 CANADIAN BUS . & CUR. AFF . 1982-1992 5 199 TEXTLINE : UNITED KINGDOM NEWS 1988-1992 6 189 Reuters 1987-1992 7 172 TEXTLINE : NO/CT/SO AMERICAN NEWS 1988-1992 8 127 PR Newswire 1987-1992 9 117 TEXTLINE : EUROPEAN NEWS 1988-1992 10 117 TEXTLINE : WORLDWIDE JOURNALS 1988-1992 11 101 INVESTEXT 1982-1992 12 98 Financial Times Fulltext 1986-1992 13 94 NEWSWIRE ASAP 1985-1992 14 75 PTS PROMT 1972-1992 15 75 TRADE AND INDUSTRY INDEX 1981-1992

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Strategies to minimize cost by shopping around an d IDRC Development checking the various online services may be the way to g o Database Service (DDBS ) for those who are budget conscious" . Conversely, one can limit the search to only capture new book titles on sustainable development added to the LC MARC databas e n Contact : of the Library of Congress of the USA, a moderately-price d DDBS Manage r database which is regularly updated. Unfortunately, the Library cost of these services to users outside North America an d P.O. Box 8500 Europe can be expensive due to telecommunications costs . Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1G 3H9 CD-ROM ► Tel: 613-236-616 3 Compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM) technolog y Fax: 613-238-7230 offers an alternative to the high cost of The International Development Research Centre (IDRC ) telecommunications . Many of the databases mentioned (see a description of IDRC under the Organizations here are also available on CD-ROM which can store abou t section) provides online access to several databases o n 600 Megabytes (Mb) of data on one plastic disk. international development . Among these, the following The initial cost of purchasing a CD-ROM may seem high, bu t databases are most pertinent to sustainable development. in most cases, unlimited use can be made of the dat a BIBLIOL.LIBRARY because the royalty charges are built into the purchase price . This database is the computerized version of the catalogue The main disadvantage of CD-ROM, apart from the initia l of the library of the International Development Research cost, is the need to subscribe to receive updated edition s Centre (IDRC) in Ottawa and includes over 60,000 entries . of databases . The major works of the collection have been indexed . IISD counted about 400 citations using sustainabl e Some of the databases mentioned here are available o n development as a search key. This is one of the fe w CD-ROM from the same database hosts . Another majo r databases that includes sustainable development as a publisher of databases on CD-ROM is SilverPlatter (see search term . Included in this collection are the complete address below) . Many development aid agencies ar e reports and other archived material of the Worl d providing CD-ROM to developing country institutions . Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) , the Brundtland Commission .

► FAO This bibliographic database includes worldwide coverag e of documents written by, or for, the Food and Agricultur e Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations, on agricultur e and food production . Much of the documentation deals with developing countries and sustainable agriculture, a s well as related topics in agricultural and rural development .

IDRIS The Inter-agency Development Research Informatio n System (IDRIS) database contains over 7100 entrie s describing various development projects of 7 different organizations: the Board on Science and Technology fo r International Development (BOSTID) of the Nationa l Academy of Sciences of the USA, the German Appropriat e Technology Exchange (GATE), IDRC, the Internationa l Foundation for Science (IFS), the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), the Swedish Agency fo r

Briscoe, E .D ., and C . Wall . 1992 . Inexpensive news sources . Database 15(1) :28-36.

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Research Cooperation in Developing Countries (SAREC ) IISD searched the bibliographic and news databases of th e and the United Nations University (UNU) . Fifty-seven Dialog family of databases and ranked the results in orde r entries were recovered on sustainable development, bu t of number of records relevant to sustainable developmen t there are probably more . per database . /AID A description of major databases for sustainable develop- This database contains technical research and developmen t ment available through Dialogs, and some other hosts, materials produced by the United States Agency fo r follows . . The fields covere d International Development (USAID) AGRICOLA include science and technology for development, social ► Database type: Bibliographic sciences, and natural resources in internationa l development . The file contains over 25,000 references . AGRICOLA is the database of the National Agricultura l Thirty-four entries on sustainable agriculture and 279 o n Library (NAL). This file provides comprehensive coverage agroforestry were identified . of worldwide journal literature and monographs o n agriculture and related subjects, including: animal studies , / UNESCO botany, chemistry, entomology, fertilizers, forestry, This database lists publications prepared by or for th e hydroponics, soils, and more . United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and dealing with development Coverage : 1970 to present, with monthly update s aspects of educational, scientific and cultural issues . One File Size : 2,826,702 record s hundred and fifteen citations were identified o n Provider: U.S. National Agricultural Library, sustainable development, which is used as a search term . Beltsville, Maryland, USA

ACADEMIC INDEX Dialog Information Services Inc . ► Database type : Bibliographic ACADEMIC INDEX (AI), produced by Information Access n Dialog Information Services, Inc. Company, provides indexing of more than 400 scholarly 3460 Hillview Avenue and general interest publications . Coverage represents the Palo Alt o most commonly held titles in over 120 college and California 9430 4 university libraries . ACADEMIC INDEX expands th e USA coverage found in its sister file, MAGAZINE INDEX, (se e below), by providing information in the areas of the socia l Tel : 415-858-3785 sciences and the humanities. The subject coverage of Fax : 415-858-7069 ACADEMIC INDEX includes the following general areas : art, anthropology, economics, education, ethnic studies, With over 380 databases, Dialog is one of the largest hos t government, history, literature, political science, genera l systems (i.e.: database suppliers), in the world. DIALOG is science, psychology, religion, sociology, and leisure . a service trademark of Dialog Information Services, Inc . A description of these databases follows . Coverage : 1976 to present, with monthly updates File Size : 931,496 records Dialog provides a variety of database types . Information Provider: Information Access Company, they contain includes : news stories, directories, numeric Foster City, California, US A data, articles in magazines and journals, including citations or, increasingly, the full text of records .

The databases supplied by Dialog are generally produce d independently. Dialog makes them available for a fee .

5 All of these databases are available through Dialog Information Services Inc ., but some are also accessible or available through other hosts, i .e . providers of online information, including CompuServe, which is described in the section on computer networks . A more comprehensive list of database suppliers or hosts follows later in this section . Note that some other databases of interest to sustainable development are available throug h these hosts . Information adapted from Dialog Database Catalog, 1992 .

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/ AGRICOLA BIOBUSINESS Database type: Bibliographic Database type: Bibliographic AGRICOLA is the database of the National Agricultura l BIOBUSINESS provides current and retrospective Library (NAL) . This file provides comprehensive coverage information to business executives, financial analysts , of worldwide journal literature and monographs o n product development and marketing professionals, an d agriculture and related subjects, including : animal studies, information specialists about the business applications o f botany, chemistry, entomology, fertilizers, forestry , biological and biomedical research. The file provides hydroponics, soils, and more . coverage of economic aspects of the following life science s areas: agriculture, animal production, biomass conversion , Coverage : 1970 to present, with monthly updates biotechnology, crop production, diet and nutrition, fermen- File Size: 2,826,702 record s tation, food technology, forestry, genetic engineering, health Provider: U .S . National Agricultural Library, care, industrial microbiology, medical diagnostics, medica l Beltsville, Maryland, USA instrumentation, occupational health, pesticides , pharmaceuticals, protein production, toxicology, veterinar y AGRIS INTERNATIONA L science, and waste treatment. Approximately 500 technical Database type: Bibliographi c and business journals, magazines, newsletters, meetings - proceedings, patents, and books from all over the world ar e AGRIS is the database of the International Informatio n scanned for relevant articles . System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology Information System (AGRIS), the worldwide network o f Coverage : 1985 to present, with weekly update s centres imputing information to the AGRIS database . The File Size : 371,575 records AGRIS INTERNATIONAL database serves as a Provider: BIOSIS, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA comprehensive inventory of worldwide agricultural literature that reflects research results, food production , BIOSIS PREVIEWS and rural development. Research results and other Database type : Bibliographi c literature which would not otherwise be circulated widely is assembled and input by national and other specialize d BIOSIS PREVIEWS contains citations from Biologica l centres in developing and developed countries . Thi s Abstracts (BA), Biological Abstracts, Reports, Reviews , database is an important source of environmenta l Meetings (BA/RRM), and BioResearch Index (BioI), the material of interest to international development . The fil e major publications of BIOSIS (BA/RRM is the successor t o corresponds in part to Agrindex, published monthly b y BioI beginning in 1980) . Together, these publication s the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of th e constitute a major English-language service providin g United Nations . Subject coverage focuses on many topic s comprehensive worldwide coverage of research in th e including: general agriculture ; geography and history ; biological and biomedical sciences. Biological Abstracts education, extension, and advisory work; administration includes approximately 275,000 accounts of original and legislation; economics, development, and rural research yearly from nearly 9,000 primary journal an d sociology; plant production ; protection of plants and monograph titles . Biological Abstracts/RRM includes an stored products; forestry; animal production ; aquati c additional 260,000 citations a year from meeting - sciences and fisheries; machinery and buildings; natural abstracts, reviews, books, notes, letters, selecte d resources; food science; home economics ; human institutional and government reports, and researc h nutrition; pollution, and more. communications . U.S. patents are included from 198 6 through 1989 . Coverage: 1975 to present, with monthly update s File Size : 1,291,330 records Abstracts are available for records from the Biologica l Provider : U.S. National Agricultural Library, Beltsvill e Abstracts portion of the database starting with Vol . 62, July by agreement with the Food and Agriculture 1976, and for book synopses in BA/RRM starting in 1985 . Organizations (FAO) of the United Nations Most BA/RRM records do not contain abstracts; no Bio I records contain abstracts .

Coverage: 1969 to present, with weekly update s File Size : 7,713,784 records Provider : BIOSIS, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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BRITISH BOOKS IN PRIN T CANADIAN BUSINESS Database type: Bibliographic AND CURRENT AFFAIRS BRITISH BOOKS IN PRINT provides indexing of book s Database type : Bibliographic and News published in the United Kingdom, as well as thos e Sustainable development is used as a descriptor term i n published throughout the world which are printed in th e this file and 290 records were recovered in this search o f English language and are available within the U .K. the database, which indexes over 100,000 articles per yea r Government publications of wide general interest are which appear in over 500 Canadian Business periodical s included. Some maps are also listed in the database . and 10 newspapers . BRITISH BOOKS IN PRINT corresponds to the prin t Coverage: 1980 to present, with monthly update s publication of the same name . File Size : 1,647,683 records Coverage : Current, with monthly update s Provider: Micromedia Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada File Size: 1,642,224 record s Provider: J . Whitaker & Sons, Ltd ., London, United Kingdom CURRENT CONTENTS SEARC H Database type : Bibliographic CURRENT CONTENTS SEARCH is the online version of CAB ABSTRACT S the Current Contents series of publications. Curren t Database type: Bibliographi c Contents is a weekly service that reproduces the table o f CAB ABSTRACTS is a comprehensive file of agricultural contents from current issues of leading journals in th e and biological information and contains all records in th e sciences, social sciences, and arts and humanities . 26 main abstract journals published by CAB International . CURRENT CONTENTS SEARCH consists of seven subset s Over 8,500 journals in 37 different languages are scanned based on Current Contents editions. In addition to for inclusion, as well as books, reports, theses, conferenc e providing access to the tables of contents of the journal s proceedings, patents, annual reports, and guides . In some covered, CURRENT CONTENTS SEARCH also provides a cases, less accessible literature is abstracted by scientists complete bibliographic record for each item . These item s working in other countries. About 130,000 items ar e include articles, reviews, letters, notes, and editorials . indexed each year . Significant papers are abstracted, while Coverage: Current six months to one year, with weekly less important works are reported with bibliographi c updates details only. The journals included in CAB Abstracts cover File Size : 1,477,528 records the following subjects : agricultural engineering, animal Provider : Institute for Scientific Information , breeding, animal disease, arid lands, dairy science , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA forestry, forest products, horticulture, nutrition, veterinary science, entomology, plant breeding, plant pathology , rural recreation and tourism, soils and fertilizers, weeds , ENERGY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOG Y world agricultural economics, and more . Database type : Bibliographi c

Coverage : 1972 to present, with monthly update s ENERGY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (formerly DO E File Size: 2,878,913 record s ENERGY), the database of the U .S. Department of Energy, Provider: CAB International, is a source of literature references on energy and related Farnham Royal, Slough, United Kingdom topics . The database provides coverage of journal articles , report literature, conference papers, books, patents , dissertations, and translations. The following energ y topics are included : nuclear, wind, fossil, geothermal , tidal, and solar . Related topics such as environment, energy policy, and conservation are also included.

Coverage: 1974 to present, with bi-weekly update s File Size : 2,620,021 records Provider: U .S. Department of Energy, Washington, D .C., USA

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► ENVIROLIN E ► GEOBASE Database type : Bibliographi c Database type : Bibliographi c ENVIROLINE covers worldwide environmenta l GEOBASE is a bibliographic database that covers the information and provides indexing and abstractin g worldwide literature on geography . An updated version o f coverage of more than 5,000 international primary an d the database was not available for 1992, but for 1991, 13 7 secondary source publications reporting on th e records were identified, mostly from academic and environment . Included are such fields as : management, research journals . technology, planning, law, political science, economics , Based on the criteria used, GEOBASE had the greatest geology, biology, and chemistry as they relate to number of records on sustainable development of all environmental issues . Literature covered include s databases searched, 375 . Sustainable development is also periodicals, government documents, industry reports, used as a descriptor term in this database . proceedings of meetings, newspaper articles, films, an d monographs . Coverage: 1980 to present, with monthly update s File Size : 431,591 records Coverage: 1971 to present, with monthly update s Provider : Geo Abstracts Ltd ., Norwich, United Kingdom File Size : 426,075 records Provider: R .R . Bowker, New York, New York, USA ► INVESTEXT ENVIRONMENTAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Database type : News Database type : Bibliographi c INVESTEXT is a database of company, industry, topical , and geographic analysis. The INVESTEXT database ENVIRONMENTAL BIBLIOGRAPHY covers the field of comprises of more than 320,000 full-text reports writte n general human ecology, atmospheric studies, energy, lan d by analysts at 180 investments banks and research firm s resources, water resources, and nutrition and health . worldwide . Coverage includes 14,000 companie s More than 300 periodicals are indexed i n worldwide and 53 industry groups . All textual and tabula r ENVIRONMENTAL BIBLIOGRAPHY . data contained in the reports are included in the database . Coverage: 1973 to present, with bi-monthly update s Coverage: 1982 to present, with monthly update s File Size : 426,075 records File Size : 1,742,965 records representing 283,09 6 Provider: Environmental Studies Institute, reports Santa Barbara, California, USA Provider : Thomson Financial Networks , Boston, Massachusetts, USA ► FINANCIAL TIMES FULLTEX T Database type: News ► LC MARK - BOOK S FINANCIAL TIMES FULLTEXT contains the complete text Database type : Bibliographic of all articles published in the London and International The LC MARK - BOOKS database contains complete editions of the Financial Times newspaper. The Financial bibliographic records for all books catalogued by the U .S. Times provides in-depth information on industries , Library of Congress since 1968, beginning with books i n companies, and markets around the world . Areas covere d English and adding coverage of books in other language s include : company information (financial results, activities, , from 1970 through 1979 . The LC MARK - BOOKS databas e etc.), government regulation, industry information an d provides online access to a comprehensive, worldwid e developments, labour issues, management issues, collection of books that can be searched by author, title , political developments, technology, and world trade . subject, series, publication date, and other access points . Coverage : 1986 to present, with daily update s The LC MARK - BOOKS database also provides a powerful File Size: 357,703 records tool for library acquisitions and cataloguing department s Provider: Financial Times Business Information, Ltd. , to use in bibliographic verification and cataloguing . London, United Kingdom Coverage : 1968 to present, with weekly updates File Size: 3,931,162 record s Provider: U.S . Library of Congress, Washington, D .C ., USA

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/ MAGAZINE INDE X This database covers the following subjects : administration Database type : Bibliographi c and management, agriculture and food, behaviour and society, building, business and economics, chemistry, civi l MAGAZINE INDEX offers broad coverage of general-interes t engineering, energy, health planning, library an d magazines . MAGAZINE INDEX covers more than 50 0 information science, materials science, medicine and popular magazines, and provides extensive coverage o f biology, military science, transportation, and more . current affairs, the performing arts, business, sports, recreation and travel, consumer product evaluations , Coverage : 1964 to present, with bi-weekly update s science and technology, leisure-time activities, and othe r File Size: 1,547,153 record s areas. Provider: National Technical Information Service (NTIS), U .S. Department of Commerce , Coverage: 1959 to March 1970, 1973 to present , Springfield, Virginia, USA with weekly update s File Size: 2,531,455 records Provider: Information Access Company, PR NEWSWIRE Foster City, California, USA Database type: News PR NEWSWIRE contains the complete text of new s / NEWSWIRE ASA P releases prepared by companies, public relation s Database type: News agencies, trade associations, city, state, federal and foreig n NEWSWIRE ASAP provides the complete text an d government agencies, and other sources covering th e comprehensive indexing of news releases and wire storie s entire spectrum of the news . from many news organizations: Agencia EFE, PR PR NEWSWIRE covers many categories of business an d Newswire, Kyodo, Newsbytes, Reuters, Tass, Tokyo industry, with news releases on the following topics : Financial Wire, and Xinhua News Agency . Newswir e dividends, mergers and acquisitions, earnings, new records provide news releases from more than 10,00 0 products, executive changes, new securities offerings, companies, government agencies, and other organizations . hostile takeovers, repurchases of stock, leveraged buyouts, Coverage : PR Newswire, 1985 to present; Kyodo, 1987 t o restructuring, litigation, write-offs, and more . In addition, present; Reuters, 1987 to present ; with daily PR NEWSWIRE covers such non-financial subjects as : updates entertainment, travel and transportation, governmen t File Size : 1,059,879 record s agency announcements, medicine and science, politics , Provider : Information Access Company , and more . Foster City, California, USA Coverage: 1987 to present, with continuous updates File Size : 403,558 record s / NTIS Provider : PR Newswire Association, Inc ., Database type : Bibliographi c New York, New York, USA The NTIS database consists of government-sponsored research, development, and engineering, plus analyse s prepared by federal agencies, their contractors, o r PTS NEWSLETTER DATABAS E grantees . It is the means through which unclassified , Database type : Bibliographi c publicly available, unlimited-distribution reports ar e PTS NEWSLETTER DATABASE contains the full text o f made available for sale from various agencies of th e articles from over 500 business and trade newsletter s government of the USA . In addition, some state and local covering nearly 50 industries (i .e., broadcasting and government agencies now contribute their reports to the publishing, computers and electronics, materials), subject database . areas (i.e., research and development, the environment) , and eco-political regions (i .e., Europe, Japan, Lati n America, Pacific Rim) .

Coverage : 1988 to present; selected titles with earlie r daily update s File Size: 722,656 record s Provider : Predicasts, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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PTS PROMT The ISI staff indexes all significant items (articles, report s Database type: News of meetings, letters, editorials, correction notices, etc .) from approximately 2,600 major scientific and technica l PTS PROMT (PREDICASTS OVERVIEW OF MARKET S journals . AND TECHNOLOGY) is a multi-industry database that provides international coverage of companies, products , Coverage : 1974 to present, with weekly updates markets, and applied technologies . PTS PROMT i s File Size: 10,706,877 records comprised of abstracts and full-text records from mor e Provider: Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) , than 1,000 business publications . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

PTS PROMT offers full-text articles from more than 30 0 leading trade and business sources . 1 SOCIAL SCISEARC H Database type: Bibliographic PTS PROMT abstracts and full-text records cover th e activities of public and private companies throughout th e SOCIAL SCISEARCH is a multidisciplinary databas e world . Information includes : market size/shares/trends, indexing significant items from the 1,500 most importan t capital expenditures, mergers and acquisitions, researc h social science journals throughout the world, and fro m and development, new products and technologies, ne w social science articles selected from 3,000 additiona l and expanded facilities, product sales and consumption , journals in the natural, physical, and biomedical sciences . financial reporting, market plans and strategies, SOCIAL SCISEARCH includes many importan t management procedures, industry and business issues , monographs as well, and covers every area of the social and related topics . and behavioral sciences . It corresponds to the print Social Science Citation Index . Coverage : 1972 to present, with daily update s File Size : 2,894,909 record s This database allows a search of the author's cited Provider: Predicasts, Cleveland, Ohio, USA references . Subscribers to the ISI print index receive a reduced rate when searching SOCIAL SCISEARCH on DIALOG. REUTERS Database type: News Coverage: 1972 to present, with weekly update s File Size : 2,268,671 record s REUTERS contains the complete text of news releases Provider : Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) , from the Reuter Business Report and the Reuter Librar y Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Service (LBY) newswires . The file provides access to current (updated continuously around the clock) information on business and international news . TEXTLIN E Database type : News Coverage: 1987 to present, with continuous update s File Size : 846,932 records TEXTLINE : UNITED KINGDOM NEWS is a collection of Provider: Reuters U .S., Inc ., New York, New York, USA national and regional daily newspapers and majo r newswires originating in the United Kingdom and th e Republic of Ireland. The collection provides coverage o f SCISEARC H domestic and home news, and in-depth coverage o f Database type : Bibliographic international news . Types of news covered includ e SCISEARCH is a multidisciplinary index to the literature o f international affairs, commentary, general, company , science and technology. Prepared by the Institute fo r industry, political, economics, business, financial, socia l Scientific Information (ISI), it contains all record s affairs, and commercial activities . The collection include s published in Science Citation Index (SCI) and additiona l publications such as Times of London, Independent, Th e records from the Current Contents series of publications Guardian, Daily Telegraph, Glasgow Herald, Irish that are not included in the print version of SCI . Journals Independent, Yorkshire Post, Belfast Telegraph, Daily indexed are selected on the basis of several criteria , Post, and Lloyd's List. including citation analysis .

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TEXTLINE: EUROPEAN NEWS includes newspapers , / TRADE AND INDUSTRY ASAP newswire, and newsletters originating in many East an d Database type: Bibliographic and News West European countries . Most sources are abstracted an d e translated to English . Countries of coverage includ e TRADE & INDUSTRY ASAP provides the selectiv n Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland , complete text and indexing for over 200 journals chose France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg , from the more than 400 journals covered in TRADE & Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden , INDUSTRY INDEX, plus news releases from PR Newswire . Switzerland, ex-Soviet nations, and Poland . The collectio n The full text of each article is searchable, and complete provides news and analysis reports on world and domesti c articles may be retrieved . news, home news, general news, industries, companies , Coverage : 1983 to present, with weekly updates politics, economics, business, international business, stoc k File Size: 1,273,412 record s markets, markets, technology, products, art, government, Provider: Information Access Company , and the European community . Publications in the file Foster City, California, USA include Die Welt, Le Monde, Neve Zurcher Zeitung, Tozsde Kurir, Cinco Dias, and Selskaya Zhizn.

TEXTLINE: NORTH/CENTRAL/SOUTH AMERICAN TRADE & INDUSTRY INDEX NEWS collection consists of U.S., Canadian, and Latin Database type: Bibliographic and News American newspapers and newswire . Coverage include s Business journals relating to trade, industry, an d latest world and national news, industry, financial, commerce are indexed and selectively abstracted i n investment, political, and general news . Example sources TRADE & INDUSTRY INDEX, which provides indexin g e are PR Newswire, Business Wire, American Banker, Glob and selective abstracting of over 300 trade and industr y and Mail, Financial Post, and Gazeta Mercantil . journals, as well as coverage of business and trad e TEXTLINE: ASIA/AUSTRALIA NEWS is a collection o f information from nearly 1,200 additional publications. newspapers and newswire in the English languag e TRADE & INDUSTRY INDEX provides access to originating in Asia and Australia. Countries of coverage information in the following broad subject areas: banking , include Japan, Thailand, Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore , insurance, securities, agriculture, oil and gas, publi c Malaysia, India, China, Australia, and New Zealand . The utilities, taxation, wholesale and retail trade, construction , collection provides coverage of world, domestic, home , design and manufacturing, forestry and paper products , general, political, economic, financial, industry, company, and many more . and commercial news . Example sources are JIJI Press Newswire, South China Morning Post, Bangkok Post , Coverage: 1981 to present, with weekly update s Xinhua News Agency News Bulletin, Korea Economi c File Size : 3,649,835 records Daily, The (Melbourne) Age, National Business Reviews , Provider : Information Access Company, and New Zealand Herald . Foster City, California, USA

TEXTLINE : WORLDWIDE JOURNALS is a collection of weekly and monthly journals originating primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States, but have worldwid e subject coverage. This special collection provides coverage in the following specialty areas - finance and banking , insurance and investment, property and construction , marketing and retailing, electronics and computing, accountancy, engineering, chemicals, aerospace, an d defence . Other special sources included are German - language databases, and Italian language databases . Publications include Euromoney, Financial Technology Bulletin, Insurance Age, and Management Today.

Coverage: 1980 to present, with daily updates File Size : over 5,000,000 records as of January 199 2 (combined size of these and other TEXTLIN E databases) Provider: Reuters Limited, London, United Kingdom

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Other Databas e Other Sources Hosts or Suppliers of Informatio n n BRS Information Technologies/ORBIT Search Servic e n Marcaccio, K.Y. Ed . 1990 . Computer readable 8000 Westpark Drive databases: A directory and data sourcebook. 6th McLean edition . Detroit: Gale Research Inc . 1379pp . Virginia 2210 2 This is a one-stop shopping centre for information o n USA databases . Telephone : 703-442-0900 n Canadian Institute for Scientific n United Nations. 1988 . Directory of United Nations and Technical Information (CISTI ) databases and information services. 4th edition . CAN/OL E Compiled by the Advisory Committee for the Co - Montreal Road ordination of Information Systems (ACCIS) . Ne w Ottawa York: United Nations . 484pp . Ontari o This is a useful tool listing 872 databases, many related t o Canada K1A OS2 sustainable development. Telephone : 613-993-121 0 n DIMDI (Deutsches Institut fur Medizinisch e Dokumentation and Information) Weisshausstr . 2 7 Postfach 420580 D-5000 Cologne 41 Federal Republic of Germany

Telephone : 49-221-47241

) ▪ European Space Agency (ESA Information Retrieval Services (IRS ) Via Galileo Galilei C.P. 64 I-00044 Frascati Rom e Italy

Telephone : 39-6-94180 1 n SilverPlatter Information, Inc . 37 Walnut Street Wellesley Hill Massachusetts 0218 1 USA

Telephone : 617-239-0306

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Appendix I research reports, papers, budgets, meeting schedules an d agendas are all easily planned and produced using this What Is Compute r method of group interaction . Communications ? E-mail messages can be sent from your computer to any fax or telex machine, using the resources of some network s (such as the APC Networks), thus eliminating the need fo r Computer communications has been evolving during the the occasional sender to buy a fax or telex . Like e-mail, a past 20 years and has now reached the point where it is single message can be sent to many recipients at the sam e gaining widespread recognition as a cost-effective means of time. communication, with distinct advantages over the mor e traditional methods of regular mail, telephone and fax. E-mail can be much more reliable and cost-effective tha n Using this technology, people are able to exchange informa- telephone calls or faxes, especially in the Third World wher e tion stored on computers, quickly and inexpensively, vi a the telecommunications infrastructure is very poor . Unlike telephone lines . fax, the modem links have built-in error correction and ca n be set up to continually try to connect until a link is estab- There are three main kinds of computer communications : lished, without human involvement . e-mail (electronic mail), computer conferencing, and online databases . A few minutes of searching through an online database ca n save hours or days of painstaking research in a library, and Using e-mail, people are able to send messages to eithe r has a better chance of producing the information you need . one or several individuals simultaneously, with delivery time ranging from a few minutes to a few hours, dependin g Perhaps most importantly, computer networks offer peopl e on the service used . the opportunity to share the fellowship of others with similar interests and concerns, no matter where they live . Small, For sharing of information among many dozens o r dispersed groups of individuals with a particular visio n hundreds of members of a workteam or interest group , today can evolve into a thriving community of people work- computer conferencing is useful. Participants can read an d ing together to make that vision a reality . respond to messages at their leisure, over a period of weeks , months, or even years . (On some networks, mailing list s What are computer networks? take the place of conferences .) Computer networks have become the main vehicle fo r Online databases are much more structured since the infor- computerized information exchange . A computer network mation base is maintained by a single organization . User s is generally thought of as an integrated system of host search for specific items via keywords . Databases do not computers, each of which has a number of people usin g offer interactive, interpersonal communications . them, linked together over telecommunication line s through the use of a particular kind of software . Such What are the advantages to networks, particularly the large ones with a great many computer communications ? computers linked to each other, have generally been Computer networks save time and resources . Letters don' t defined by the type of software used by the host computer s have to be printed out on paper, placed into envelope s making up the network. Hosts on the Internet, for example , (which also saves on trees) and then physically transporte d link up with software called TCP/IP, while UUCP network over long distances to their destination . They can be sent computers use UUCP software to transfer data . directly to the recipient's online address in a matter of In order for people to belong to a particular network, minutes, to virtually any address . And the messages don' t whether that network is a single, local, stand-alone BB S have to be sent one at a time to several people ; a single (Bulletin Board System), or an internationally-distribute d message can be sent to dozens of correspondents simulta- network with thousands of linked host computers, the y neously. must have an account on one of the network computers . Computer conferences and mailing lists allow larg e They can then use a modem – a device allowing their numbers of people residing in a number of different loca- computer to send and receive data over the telephone – t o tions, even across several continents, to have ongoin g connect to their account on that particular host computer , discussions and share information with each other, when- in order to use its facilities . It is possible for individuals to ever they have the time . Often the messages remain on the belong to several networks, though each network has differ- network to provide an easily referenced record of grou p ent policies concerning who may have access . interactions. Policy and planning documents, proposals,

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There are several kinds of networks : Who has access? nPacket Switching Networks are common data carriers that For the most part, each network has its own policies regard- route data from one computer to another, nationally an d ing access to accounts on the system . Packet switching an d internationally . Usually a monopoly operated by a coun- commercial networks are open to anyone who can pay fo r try's telephone company, these networks are mostly use d the services . BBS networks are mostly free of charge (though by the business community for transmitting financial an d the ones with the better services often require fees) and accounting data . Increasingly though, they are used by allow anyone to join . Research networks usually restrict individuals as a relatively inexpensive method to connect access to academics and research personnel . The social to a network host computer over long distances . They are change networks, while open to all, generally cater t o sometimes called X.25 networks after the type of routing progressive, grassroots organizations . software they use . Some examples are : Datapac in Cana- da, SprintNet in the US, and RENPAC in Brazil . How much does it cost? nCommercial Networks are generally of three types : e-mail, The cost to the users of a network depends on the policies o f database gateways, and information utilities . E-mail the network administrations . Research networks and local services, such as Dialcom in England, allow electroni c BBSs usually don't charge users (the research institution or message delivery to another user with an account on that the BBS operator picks up the tab on everyone's behalf) , system. Database gateways, such as iNet 2000 in Canada, though they often place restrictions on service usage . Packe t provide online access to several database vendors, such a s switching networks, whose prices are mostly fixed by th e Dialog in the US . Information utilities, such as Minitel i n government in consultation with the telephone company, France, offer most computer communications services , usually charge between USD5/hour and USD30/hou r but are oriented toward the commercial vending of infor- depending on the country . A special account called an NU I mation and online services such as flight reservations an d (Network User Identifier), which is required in some coun- bank-at-home operations . tries, can sometimes cost several hundred dollars . Commer- cial and social change networks' charges vary, but an aver - nBBS Networks are amalgamations of local bulletin board age user of e-mail and conferencing can expect to spen d systems (BBSs) . These local BBSs, numbering in th e less than USD50 a month . (However, some commercial hundreds in most large cities in the North, and having databases can cost upwards of USD300/hour.) some e-mail and conferencing capabilities, were set up by hobbyists for the exchange of software programs . The Costs are relatively higher for users in the Third World tha n largest example of such a network is FidoNet, which ha s in the industrialized countries . Equipment is more expen- worldwide coverage . sive, and the costs of operating a commercial compute r communications service is high, so generally only the nResearch Networks are the largest kinds of networks , wealthiest organizations can afford to join a compute r having been created primarily by computer communica- . The Association for Progressive Communication s tion scientists for the purpose of facilitating scientifi c network (APC), however, is working to offer low-cost networkin g research . They are non-commercial in nature and ofte n capabilities by establishing local networks in the Third have restrictions placed on who is able to use them . Th e World that utilize less-expensive appropriate technology . largest ones, including Internet, Bitnet, an d UUCP/Usenet, have thousands of hosts, and millions of How do I get started? users around the world . The best way to get started is to make sure you have a nNot-for-Profit Social Change Networks are those that lin k computer, a modem, and some communications software national and regional networks serving people and organi- (which usually comes with your modem and allows you t o zations actively trying to improve social and environmen- make use of it) . Then you have to decide the compute r tal conditions . Offering e-mail, computer conferencing, network with which you would like to get an account. and, increasingly, online databases, they facilitat e Usually this decision will be made on the basis of which communication on issues such as peace, environment , network has the information and the community of interes t social justice, international development, health, an d that is right for you, or on the basis of which services ar e . Examples include AlterNex in Brazil and Pega- education offered at the price you can afford . sus in Australia .

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Contacting a network representative is relatively easy i n some cases, and harder in others . Telephone companie s can usually be contacted for information on packet switching networks . Commercial networks can be found in th e telephone books or through referrals from computer stores. Bulletin Board Systems are found mainly by contacting a local computer users' club, then getting on one system and finding online references to others . Research networks can be investigated by calling the computing services department of a local college or university, or a government o r commercial research institution . (Many large compute r equipment and software vendors also know about the research networks) . Social change networks can be locate d by contacting a local grassroots environmental, peace, o r international development organization's office that is computerized and which may have an account on one . Or, use the directory included in this publication.

For illustration, Appendix 14 contains samples taken fro m various computer conferences on the APC networks .

Computer networks are new worlds just beginning to ope n up . The people who make use of them will be the shapers of those worlds . If you are not daunted by the challenge, yo u will find that you have a great opportunity to make a difference in the way the future evolves . Happy networking!

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Appendix 2 characters (individual letters or digits) which it ca n transfer. Thus, a 2400 baud modem is capable of Glossary transferring 240 characters per second, maximum . Two modems can connect only if they can operate at the same baud rate . Account n Your subscription to a network . Every user i s Binary File n A file containing one or more strings of data said to have an "account" on his or her system . This refers bits which are not printable characters . Some binary files to an account in the normal financial sense, but also to th e may be computer programs or other forms of data that account name and password under which all networ k contain no text characters at all . Binary files cannot b e services are charged . displayed on screen, but can be downloaded for use with Account Name n Your electronic name . This is the sam e appropriate applications on your computer . as your log-in ID, user ID, or username - the word yo u Bit n The smallest unit of data used in a computer . Seve n type at the "Login :" prompt to gain access to you r or eight bits are typically used to represent a singl e account . Unique account names and passwords ensure character of text. privacy for users . BITNET n A university and college-based network with Address n Like a postal address, a "network address" i s several thousand host systems in North America, Europe, used to locate another user for the purpose of directin g Australia, Japan, and an increasing number in Third Worl d mail . Different networks use different addressin g countries . It allows e-mail and file transfer, and use s methods, but each address is usually composed of a n mailing lists for group communication . account name and a host identifier. Bulletin Board System (BBS) n A "bulletin board APC n The Association for Progressive Communication s system" (or BBS) is a host computer which can be diale d (APC) formed in 1990, is an international association o f and accessed by anyone with a modem . Usually BBSs are national and regional social change networks whic h hobbyist-operated for local public access, often for th e facilitates international communications amon g sharing of software programs . organizations and individuals working in the peace , environmental, international development, health , The term "bulletin board" is sometimes used to refer t o education, and public interest communities . computer conferences because of its ability to be used fo r the posting of news items . The term does not, however, ARPANET (Advanced Projects Research Agency convey the interactive nature of true conferencing, whic h n Network) A pioneering long-haul network funded by allows for following discussions . the U .S. government. It served as the basis for early networking research as well as a central backbone during Byte n Computer term for a string of eight bits . One byte is the development of the Internet . The ARPANET consists o f equal to a single character (a letter or digit) . individual packet switching computers interconnected by n leased data lines . CC : - Carbon Copy The prompt in a mail progra m which allows a user to enter one or more user IDs in orde r ASCII n American Standard Code for Information to send copies of a message to them . Interchange . The generic form in which text characters are Carriage Return n The key on your keyboard . handled in most computer systems and networks . ASCI I text has no special characters for formatting, such a s Generally, commands used on a network must b e underlined or bold characters, font changes, etc . Networ k followed by . Also called , o r Enter . files of ASCII text can be viewed on the screen (as oppose d to binary files, which cannot) s . Word processing program Character n Any symbol (usually alphabetic, numeric, o r often require special commands in order to save or load punctuation) that can be entered into your computer with . ASCII files - possibly as "TEXT ONLY" or "DOS-TEXT" a single keystroke .

Baud Rate n The speed at which data is transmitted ove r telephone lines . For example, a 1200 baud modem sends data at a rate of 1200 bits per second . Dividing the bau d rate by 10 gives a rough estimate of the number of

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CMC (Computer Mediated Communications) n Any Downloading n "Downloading" refers to the transfer o f communication between people that makes use of information from a host computer onto a user's personal computers, particularly with reference to compute r computer. This may be done for program files, or networks. E-mail, computer conferences and database s conference or mail messages which need to be printe d are three kinds of CMC . out by the user, copied to diskette for transfer to othe r computers, or simply browsed at leisure off-line . Communications Software n Software programs that allow you to more easily make use of your modem an d Echos n The forum for group communication on FidoNe t carry out up and down-loading when connected to a host. are called echos .

Conferences n Conferences are electronic meeting place s Editor n An online network program to enter, correct or dedicated to a particular subject. Users visit conferences change your message . Editors are either 'line editors', o r to participate in discussions or group projects, withou t 'full-screen editors' . In general computer terms, an edito r having to communicate in the same place or at the same may be considered a simple word processor. time. Conferences can be used to post many types of n information, including news services, newsletters, Electronic Mail – E-Mail Electronic mail is the transfer statistics, etc. An "electronic conference" provides a of messages between you and other users in a network, o r many-to-many communication medium, as opposed t o by means of gateways to or from users in other network the person-to-person nature of electronic mail . Als o systems . E-mail is similar to an ordinary letter ; you supply called newsgroups, echoes, bulletin boards and forums . the address of the recipient(s) and the text of the message . It is different in that delivery takes place in minutes or n Database A structured collection of information tha t hours rather than days . Electronic mail provides privat e can be sorted and searched in a variety of ways, such as communications, whereas electronic conferencin g through 'keywords' . 'Online database' refers to a databas e provides public (or, in some cases, restricted) that is hosted on a single node of a computer network an d communications. can be accessed by the users . Enter • The key on your keyboard . Almost all n Default A software function or operation which occurs commands used on a network should be followed by automatically unless the user specifies something else . . Also called or Carriage Return o r . Disks / Diskettes n Magnetic medium for data storage. Either "floppy" diskettes (800k or 1 .4k), or "hard" disk s Facilitator n A network user who is responsible for a (usually upward from 20 megabytes) residing internally o r managing a particular online conference. This may externally and capable of "read/write" . involve determining access to a private conference, facilitating discussion, and sometimes deleting unwante d DOS n An abbreviation for "Disk Operating System", the or outdated material. Called 'moderator' on some underlying system software utilized by most micro networks . computers produced today. MicroSoft's MS-DOS is th e most common type of DOS . FIDONET n This is a worldwide network of small host BBS networks based on the FidoNet software . It has a Domain Names n The method of giving unique name s distributed e-mail capability, with rudimentary shared and addresses to single host computers on a network, conferences (called echos) . primarily Internet; of the form @host.domain . Though there is a movement toward country domain File n A named group of characters or data bits in your names, e .g., .NZ for New Zealand, the older names computer or on a network host . Files in a computer ar e representing organizational type are still prevalent : .ED U similar to file folders in a filing cabinet . Files can b e (educational) .COM (commercial) .GOV (government) textfiles or binary files (word processed documents, dat a .MIL (military) .ORG (organization) sets, programs, etc .)

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) • The Internet standar d high-level protocol for transferring files from one computer to another .

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Gateway n A gateway is an electronic mail connectio n Mailing Lists n A means by which a message from an between one computer network and another . individual can be sent to a large and widespread group of people sharing the same interest . A host computer n Gateway (Node) A special-purpose dedicated compute r maintains a list of all the addresses of that particular that attaches to two or more networks and routes packets interest group and gives the list a name . Anyone wishin g from one network to the other . Gateways route packets t o to add to the group discussion merely has to mail thei r other gateways until they can be delivered to the fina l message to the list name and the host compute r destination directly across one single network . automatically redistributes it to everyone individually .

GEONET • A commercial network of host computers, Megabyte n 1 million bytes (or 1000 K) of data storage mainly in Europe, that offer e-mail and databases . Poptel, capacity. the GeoNet host in England, offers a gateway to the AP C Networks. Menu n A list of selectable network host functions, usually shown as a set of command options . Hardcopy n A printout of a computer file ; a printe d version of anything . What makes it 'hard' is that it exists Message n The term 'message' refers to any message on paper, as opposed to 'soft' copy that exists in electronic carried on a network, including conference topics an d format in a computer file . responses, and 'letters' sent by electronic mail.

Hardware n Physical electronic devices - such as Modem n A device used to connect a computer to anothe r computers, printers, keyboards, modems, or cables - as computer through the telephone system. A modem is opposed to software, as in computer programs. similar to a telephone in that it can dial a number, answe r a call, and hang up; but the 'conversations' it carries are n Host A host is a single computer on a network (it mayb e strictly computer-to-computer . Modems have different the only computer in the case of a stand alone BBS), o n maximum speeds, which are indicated by their baud rate . which people have accounts . It has a unique name fo r Modems enable your computer or terminal to addressing purposes . communicate (read messages, exchange files, etc .) over telephone lines . INTERNET n A world-wide research network sharing a common addressing scheme and using the TCP/I P Modem Setup / Configuration n Refers to the variou s software protocol for data transfer between hosts . It is parameters which must be set on the modem, including composed of many individual campus, state, regional, an d modem speed and line settings . national networks . Moderator n Someone who manages a conference online . n Kilobyte (K) Storage size 1 K = 1000 bytes, about 100 0 Conversely, someone who acts as a filter for messages to characters or 1/2 a screenful of a message . be placed in a conference . Sometimes, for heavy-use conferences, a moderator will produce a 'digest' of th e LAN (Local Area Network) • Any physical network best postings . technology that operates at high speed over short distances (up to a few thousand meters) . LANs lin k Network n Specifically, a network is a set of linked hos t computers within offices, buildings, and multi-building computers sharing the same software for dat a sites like university campuses . transmission (TCP/IP on Internet, for example) . See LA N and WAN. Login n Making the connection to a network host . A user usually "logs in" by typing their username, and then their Newsgroups n The forums for group communication o n password. Sometimes called "log on" . A 'remote login' Usenet are called newsgroups. refers to dialling out or telnetting from one host compute r and logging into another. Node n A computer that is attached to a network ; also called a host, or a site . Log Off n Leaving the network. Sometimes called "lo g out" . Offline n Refers to the state of being disconnected from a network. Longer messages are often prepared or read 'off - n Log-In Id Same as account name or user ID . line' by users.

n Mail Refers to electronic mail, or e-mail . Online n Refers to the state of being connected to a network .

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Packet n The unit of data sent across a packet switching Software n Computer programs, wordprocessing network. programs, spreadsheet programs, or database program s are all software . Packet Switching Network n Any network that functions via transmission of packets of data, usually across lease d Softcopy n An electronic version of a file, usually i n lines . Most countries have their own public packe t computer memory and/or on disk; as opposed to switching network operated by the telephone company ; hardcopy, the paper printout . also called X.25 networks after the X .25 transmissio n n protocol used. String Computer term for a series of two or more characters or data bits . Password n A group of characters known only to you, tha t n must be entered as part of logging in to a network; the Sys Ops System operators . Applies to BBS. password guarantees that only you can access you r System n A synonym for a host computer on a network . network account. Users can (and are advised to) change their password every now and then, to ensure the securit y TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Interne t of their online accounts. Protocol) n A set of protocols, used by the Internet to support services such as remote login (TELNET), fil e Posting n The act of sending e-mail or placing a messag e transfer (FTP) and mail (SMTP) . in a conference on a network. The noun 'posting' is sometimes used to refer to a conference message . Telnet n The Internet standard protocol for gaining acces s to an account on another host computer on Internet . Prompt n What appears on the screen while the network is Many hosts have public access accounts which anyone o n waiting for you to enter a command or option . Often Internet can use. prompts will give an indication of where you are in th e online environment, or what commands are available a t Terminal n A device attached to a computer to allow that point . access for input (putting things in computer storage) , processing (working with things), and output (getting Protocols n A formal description of message formats and things out of the computer) . The terminals you will most the rules two computers must follow to exchange those often see have a keyboard similar to a typewriter (but with messages . Protocols can describe low-level details o f some extra keys) and some sort of display (often a vide o machine-to-machine interfaces (for example : the order in screen) . Most terminals can do nothing by themselves. which bits and bytes are sent across a wire) or high-leve l They must have a host computer to store information an d exchanges between allocation programs (eg: the way in to do the work . which two programs transfer a file across the Internet) . Terminal Emulation n The type of terminal which you r Return Key n Sometimes labelled 'Enter', this key mus t computer will simulate . Normally you would choos e usually be pressed after any command before it will b e either VT-100 or VT-52, which are the industrial standards performed. It is also used to end each line of a message as at present . The way that data is presented on your scree n it is entered in a 'line editor', just like the Carriage Retur n will depend on the terminal type you use, and that whic h lever on a typewriter . the network supports. Server • A computer that shares its resources, such a s Text n A string of characters. A text file should contain only printers and files, with other computers on the network. characters that are letters, numbers, and punctuation . Session n The period between when you 'log in' and 'lo g Plain text is also sometimes called ASCII or DOS text . I t off a network . contains no formatting codes or commands .

n SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) • The Internet Uucp/Usenet A world-wide cooperative network of standard protocol for transferring electronic mai l hosts using the UUCP data transfer protocol. UUC P messages from one computer to another. SMTP specifies generally refers to the e-mail function of the network, how two mail systems interact and the format of contro l while Usenet provides a series of 'news groups' analogou s messages they exchange to transfer mail . to Network conferences .

Users n Refers to the people who use the network, i .e., those who have an account on the network .

97 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

Username n A unique identifier of a network user ; also called user ID or account name .

VT100 n A very common terminal type setting; with this setting the network assumes you are using a VT10 0 terminal or a computer program that acts like one .

WAN (Wide Area Network) n A synonym for a network that spans across a large area, usually city-size or larger .

Word Processor n A word processor is a program used t o create or edit text information in personal computers . When using a network, a word processor is often used to create a file before it is uploaded to the network and may also be used to process text after it has been downloaded to your computer.

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Appendix 3 ComLin k n APC Member Networks Sponsor ComLink is a collective of about 100 loca l bulletin board systems spread throughout Germany .

Coverage n Germany A1terNex Contact Information Sponsor n The Instituto Brasilero de Analises Socias e Moorkamp 46 Economicas (IBASE ) D(w)-3000 Hanover 1 Germany Coverage n Brazil and South Americ a Telephone : 49-511-350-308 1 Contact Information e-mail: support@oln .comlink .d e IBASE Rua Vicente de Souza 2 9 Costs n Monthly charges vary from 2 .5 to 10 marks per 22251 Rio de Janeiro month. Brazi l GlasNet Telephone : 55-21-286-0348 Fax : 55-21-286-054 1 Coverage n Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States e-mail : suporte@ax .apc.org countries n Costs One-time subscription is USD20 . Hourly Contact Information connection is USD10 . New users get 120 minutes with th e Ulitsa Yaroslavaskaya 8 USD20 subscription charge . Mininum cost i s Korpus 3, Komnata 11 1 USD10/month . 129164 Mosco w Users are also charged for internode transfer (anything Russi a between USD0 .04/minute and USD1/minute for e-mail , Telephone : 7-095 217-6173 and the established costs for fax and telex transfer, proba- 7-095 217-618 2 bly the same as other APC systems) . e-mail: support@glas .apc .org

Chasque Costs n Registration costs are 1,000 rubles for individuals , and 2,500 rubles for organizations and sub-hosts . Sponsor n Instituto del Tercer Mundo (ITeM) Monthly charges are 455 rubles for individuals, 1,80 0 Coverage n Uruguay rubles for organizations, and 2,500 rubles for sub-hosts .

Contact Informatio n ITeM Miguel del Corro 1461 Montevideo 11200 Uruguay

Telephone : 598-2-496192 Fax : 598-2-419222 e-mail : apoyo@chasque .org.uy

, Costs n Charges are USD10 a month (including one hour free usage) and USD3 per additional hour.

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IGC Networks (PeaceNet/EcoNet/ConflictNet) Nicarao

Sponsor n Institute for Global Communications Sponsor n Coordinadora Regional de Investigacione s Economicas y Sociales (CRIES ) Coverage n USA, Mexic o Coverage n Nicaragua and Central America Contact Informatio n 18 de Boom Stree t Contact Informatio n San Francisco, CA 9410 7 CRIES USA Apartado 3516, Iglesia Carmen 1 cuadra al lago, Managu a Telephone : 415-442-022 0 Nicaragu a Fax: 415-546-1794 e-mail: support@igc .apc .org Telephone : 505-2-2622 8 Costs n USD15 Signup fe e Fax : 505-2-2618 0 e-mail : support@ni .apc.org USD10 per month (includes 1 hr of offpeak or direct-dial time) USD10 per hour peak (Monday - Friday, lam - 6pm ) Costs n The initial fee is USD5 .00, plus USD20 for the via SprintNet USD5 per hour, off-peak via SprintNet manual, and a USD25 deposit . Subsequently the user is charged USD5/month, USD0 .01 /minute for connection, USD3 per hour by direct dial, Internet, pre-paid NU I and USD0 .20 per message sent plus USD0 .15/Kbyte. USD14 per hour by 1-800-777-9454 NordNet GreenNet Sponsor n Swedish Peace and Arbitration Societ y Sponsor n GreenNe t Swedish Fellowship of Reconciliation

Coverage n Great Britain, Western Europe, Africa, Asi a Coverage n Scandinavia, Baltic States

Contact Information Contact Information 23 Bevenden Street Huvudskaersvaegen 13, nb . London N1 6B H S-121 54 Johanneshov United Kingdom Sweden

Telephone : 44-71-608-304 0 Telephone: 46-8-600-033 1 Fax : 44-71-253-080 1 Fax: 46-8-600-0443 e-mail : [email protected] .org e-mail: [email protected] .org

Costs n Individuals and non-commercial users are Costs n Individual accounts pay 100 SEK for a new user charged PST 15 for registration (those with low income , packet, followed by charges of 100 SEK/quarter. PST 5) . Monthly subscriptions are PST 5 . System usage is Group accounts (more than 5 users) pay initial costs of 5 0 PST 6 per minute for those using PSS (public data SEK/user, followed by quarterly charges of 1000 SEK for networks) and PST 7 for those direct dialing . up to 20 members, plus 80 SEK for each additional Telecommunications charges for those using GreenNet' s member . There is a 20% discount on NordNet logged tim e PSS account in the UK are PST 3 . e-mail storage is PS T charges, and a 50% discount on new user packets . 2/page/month . Access charges via direct dial or own NUA are 7 5 Public sector and commercial users are charged PST 30 fo r SEK/hour, and via Swedish Datapak they are 150 registration. Monthly subscriptions are PST 10 . System SEK/hour . usage is PST 10 per minute for those using PSS (public data networks) and PST 12 for those direct dialing. Telecommunications charges for those using GreenNet' s PSS account in the UK are PST 5 . e-mail storage is PST 4/page/month .

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Pegasu s Web

Sponsor n Pegasus Networks Sponsor n Niry Community Resource Centr e

Coverage n Australia, Oceania, South-East Asia Coverage n Canada

Contact Information Contact Information Pegasus Networks Earth Ne t Niry Centr e P.O. Box 42 4 401 Richmond St ., Suite 104 The Epicentre, Border St. Toronto, Ontario, M5V 3A8 Byron Bay 248 1 Canada New South Wales Telephone : 416–596–021 2 Australia Fax : 416–596–1374 Telephone : 61–66–85678 9 e-mail : support@web .apc .org Fax: 61–66–85696 2 n e-mail: [email protected] .org Costs Individuals and nonprofit groups pay CAD180/yea r (CAD120/year if their income is below CAD30,000), with a Costs n Annual rates are AUD50 for individual mailboxes , CAD25 one-time membership fee, and CAD6 .00/hou r and AUD150 plus AUD20/mailbox for groups of 5 o r system usage charge (plus a CAD7 .70/hour Datapa c more. There are no monthly fees for regular users (10 o r connect charge if outside of Toronto) . Each user gets 2 free more days usage per month) . Monthly fees for occasional hours of system usage each month . users is AUD18, unused group mailboxes AUDIO, and Government and affiliated agencies, and commercia l AUD25 for those using the Pegasus Business Network , organizations, pay CAD270/year, with a CAD40 one-tim e HomeoNet, and the Music Network. membership fee, and CAD10/hour system usage charge Per minute rates include telecommunications charges . (plus a CAD9/hour Datapac connect charge if outside o f Regular users during peak time pay 30 cents/min, 1 5 Toronto) . cents/min during offpeak. Occasional users pay 3 4 Multi-user accounts are CAD340/year for individual an d cents/min during peak, and 17 cents/min in offpea k non-profit groups, and CAD510 for government an d hours . Peak hours are 8 am to 6 pm Monday to Friday. commercial organizations. Each account is allowed one hour of free offpeak time an d 1/2 hour of peak time per month .

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Appendix 4 ALDOCS Arab League Documentation Centre APC Affiliated Networks Egypt

CAMELSNOSE PROJECT African Centre for Technology Studies PO Box 15 1 P.O. Box 4591 7 2130 AD Hoofddorp Nairob i The Netherland s Kenya Telephone : 31-2503-32305 Telephone : 254-2-744-047/09 5 Fax: 31-2503-3230 5 Fax: 254-2-743-99 5 Contact n Rene Vreeman Contact n Patrick Karan i No . of users n 5 0 No. of users n 2 Description n The Camelsnose Project is housed and Description n ACTS - African Researchers Network. Als o funded by The Foundation for EcoDevelopment (Mondial hosting the NGONET Africa newsletter, ECONEWS , Alternative), an internationally active, non-governmental , produced electronically and in hard copy, widely non-profit environmental organization . distributed amongst African Environmental NGO's an d partners in the North. CBR

Kampal a ADRIANE T Uganda Lubilj an a n Ex-Yugoslavi a No . of users 2

Telephone : 38-61-211-55 3 Description n CBR is based at the Centre For Basi c Fax : 38-61-221-83 8 Research, Kampala, Uganda .

Contact n Boris Horvat or Dalibor Cerar Ceniai

Description n ADRIANET is a network of FIDO/BBS's i n Havana Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Belgrade. It offers Email an d Cuba conferencing services to users and has strong links wit h n the (ex-)Yugoslavic Peace Movement . Contact Karen Wal d

No . of users n 30 0 Ainex-BBS n Ward Dossche Description Ceniai is a project of IDICT, an institution o f Drubstraat 14 2 the Cuban Academy of Sciences. 2640 Morste l COSTECH Belgiu m Dares Salaam Telephone : 32-2-242-7267 or 32-3-449-794 5 Tanzania Fax : 32-3-448-0880 Contact n William Sangiwa Contact n Ward Dossch e No . of users n 4 Description n Ward Dossche was the founder of Description n COSTECH is based at the Council Fo r Greenpeace Belgium and runs the central system fo r Science and Technology, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania . European and worldwide environmental echo conferences .

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Econnect Enda-Dakar

Bubenska 6 4BP 337 0 Praha Dakar Czechoslovaki a Senegal

Telephone : 42-2-80452 1 Telephone : 221-21-6027 or 221-22422 9 Fax: 42-2-80452 1 Fax : 221-21-269 5

Contact n Vasek Klinkera or Vojta Kment Contact n Moussa Fall

No. of users n 120 No . of users n 6

Description n Econnect (Easy-Connection-Network), is ru n Description n Enda is based at Environnement et by the Association for Easy Connection and offers users an Developpement du Tiers-Monde, a non-profit environmental echo feed and access to air pollutio n international associative organization . Headquarters are monitoring databases sourced from 4 regional monitorin g based in Dakar with branch offices in Bolivia, Zimbabwe , stations . Bombay, Santo Domingo, Colombia and Paris .

ELCI EcuaNex

Environment Liaison Centre International INTERCOM Box 7246 1 Casilla 170359 6 Nairob i Quito Kenya Ecuado r

Telephone : 254-2-562-015/022 Telephone : 593-2-505-07 4 Fax: 254-2-562-17 5 e-mail: [email protected]

Contact n Doug Rigby or Protus Mutesh i Contact n Sally Burch

No . of users n 1 9 No. of users n 120

Description n ELCI is a large International Environmental Description n INTERCOM is a non-profit association o f NGO, currently hosting one of the NGONET nodes, an d non-governmental and academic institutions based i n houses the WEDNET (Women Academic Research linkup Ecuador . Its 21 members include universities and NGO s in Senegal, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Sudan, Kenya , involved in development work, ecology, education , Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Canada .) research, social promotion, human rights, an d communications . ENDA-Arab e Ghastinet ENDA Inter-Arabe 6 Impasse de lamer Roug e Council For Scientific & Industrial Research ARIANA PO Box M3 2 Tunis Accra Tunisi a Ghana

Telephone: 216-1-718-304 0 Telephone : 233-31-773-315 Fax: 233-31-773-068 Contact n Michael Cracknell Contact n Mohamed Alhaji Mohamed or John Villar s No . of users n 3 No. of users n 5 Description n Enda-Arabe is a participating member o f NGONET, being one of four regional prototype hosts, Description n Ghastinet is based at the Council Fo r members being ELCI-Nairobi (East Africa), Mango-Harar e Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) . CSIR is a (Southern Africa), ENDA-Dakar (West Africa) . national initiative for the collection and dissemination o f scientific and technological information on Ghana .

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Mango PHIL

PO Box 7069 ANDROMED A Harare 180 V. Luna Rd . Extension Zimbabwe Sikatuna Village, Quezon City Manil a Telephone : 263-4-726-05 2 Philippines Fax: 263-4-732-735 . Telephone : 63-2-921-5165 Contact n Philip Nyahoda Contact n Roberto Verzola No . of users n 4 2 Description n PHIL (Phil Host International) is an emai l n Description Mango (Micro Access For NGO's) is th e gateway running fido net software . It is operated as a small initiative of 5 local NGO's: Africa Information Afrique , business venture by Andromeda Systems . Its system Ecumenical and Documentation Centre For Eastern & operator is Roberto Verzola, who is active in the Philippin e Southern Africa, IMBISA, Popular History Trust, an d NGO community and is a technical resource perso n Southern African Research and Doc. Centre . amongst South East Asian NGOs .

MUKLA TinoRed

Computer Science Department Havan a Makerere University Cuba Kampala Ugand a Contact n Karen Wal d

No . of users n 3 No . of users n 50

Description n MUKLA is based at the University of Description n TinoRed is a project of Red David, and th e Makerere, Kampala, Uganda, and acts as a host for th e National Youth Clubs, and is given technical assistanc e ESANET (East and Southern African Network) project an d from IDICT, an institution of the Academy of Sciences . the HEALTHNET project . TOPPS I PADI S Dublin Pan African Information Development System (PADIS ) Ireland Box 300 1 n Addis Abab a Contact David Doyle or Martin Maguir e Ethiopia No . of users n 8 0 Telephone : 251-1-511-16 7 n Fax: 251-1-514-41 6 Description TOPPSI is an environmental network base d in a recycling centre in Dublin . It is currently offering Contact n Lishan Ada m e-mail and conferencing services throughout Ireland an d is in the process of establishing nodes in Derry and Belfast . No . of users n 6

Description n The Pan African Development Informatio n System (PADIS) is a regional development informatio n system, created in January under the aegis of the U N Economic Commission For Africa (ECA) in Addis Ababa , Ethiopia.

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UNZA

University of Zambia Computer Centre Box 32379 Lusaka Zambi a

Telephone: 260-1-252-507

Contact n Mark Bennet t

No . of users n 1

Description n UNZA is based at the Computer Science Dept at the University Zambia, which is the majo r university in the country.

WORKNE T

WorkNet Electronic Network 86 High S t Bere a Johannesburg South Africa

Telephone : 27-11-484-3777 Fax: 27-11-484-355 7

Contact n Simone Shall or Mike Jense n

No. of users n 180

Description n WorkNet is a non-profit organizatio n operating the WorkNet host for NGOs as its only service .

ZANGONET

Zambia Association for Researc h and Development (ZARD) . Lusaka Zambi a

Contact n Mark Bennett

Description n ZANGONET is a network for NGOs, but is affiliated with UNZA, the network based at the Universit y of Zambia .

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Appendix 5 cn.journals n Journals and newsletters in the field of conflict resolution ; particularly the newsletter of th e t List of APC Conferences Directl y Public Disputes Network Program on Negotiation a Related to Sustainable Development Harvard Law School . Since: Jan/9 0

Frequency of Postings : quarterly Network Conferences: cn.resources n Resources & materials for the conflic t n Contains a list of conferences by category , conferences resolution field . with brief descriptions of each. Since: Feb/8 9 facilitators n Help for conference facilitators, includin g instructions on creating a conference. Frequency of Postings : 5-6/two months gateways n Contains instructions for sending e-mail t o Development Conferences: other computer networks, fax and telex . One topic per at.general n Worldwide news and networking dealing wit h network. the design and implementation of `appropriate' solutions intlaccess n Contains information on how to access th e to ecological and international development problems ; Networks from specific countries (one country per topic) . includes VIA newsletter .

Since: Jun/9 0 Air & Climate Conferences : Frequency of Postings : 5-10/mth climate.news n Newsletters and news items pertaining t o climate change and related issues . The conference i s ax.fondad n Forum on Debt and Development (FONDAD) , READ ONLY. Discussion can be directed to en.climate . To following up on the problems of external debt in the Thir d post items in this conference, e-mail Lelani Arris (larris) o r World, including analyses and concrete actions withi n Dan Yurman (ecixdy) . social movements .

Since : Jun/9 1 Since:Jul/90

Frequency of Postings: 5-15 /mth Frequency of Postings : 2-5/two mth s

n en.climate n Discussion of pollution, its effects on ou r ccn.capacity Info on U .S. carrying capacity issues and world, and methods for dealing with it . linkages among environmental, population, economic and social issues; Carrying Capacity Network's newsletter . Since : Jan/8 8 Since : Oct/90 Frequency of Postings :2-4/day Frequency of Postings : monthly inc .climate n This UNCED-related conference contains n reports from the Intergovernmental Negotiating dev.inttrade International trade and its impact o n Committee for a Framework Convention on Climat e development, including trading block trends, inequitable Change. international trade practices, and laws and tariff policies .

Since : Jan/ 9 Since : Apr/89

Frequency of Postings : 15-20/sessio n Frequency of Postings : 2-4/mth

n Conflict Resolution Conferences : en.urban Environmental issues concerning towns & cities . n cn.general Announcements, news briefs and pres s Since: Feb/88 releases for the conflict resolution movement. Frequency of Postings : 2-5/mth Since: Feb/89

Frequency of Postings : 2-5/mth

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intl .volunteer n International volunteer work for peace an d transport n Discussion of transport issues, ideas, environment . discoveries and inventions .

Since : Apr/91 Since: Nov/89

Frequency of Postings: 1-2/mth Frequency of Postings: 15-20/mth

ips.english n Current, English-language news stories from twr.nl n Newsletter of annotated lists of Third World - Inter Press Service. Additional subscription required . related organizations, books, periodicals, pamphlets and audio-visuals . Sponsored by Third World Resources . ips.espanol n Current, Spanish-language news stories fro m Inter Press Service. Additional subscription required . Since: Nov/8 6 Frequency of Postings : quarterly labor .newsline n Published or non-published articles fro m labour press or articles relevant to labour . Disarmament Conferences : Since : Mar/9 0 gn.armstrade n Exchange of information between all Frequency of Postings: 6-10/mth groups and individuals that collect information abou t arms exports and military production . landmarks .doc n Background documents, legislation, lists , and other material relative to the identification , Since: Jun/8 9 preservation, and protection of cultural resources— Frequency of Postings: 5-6/mth historic and prehistoric artifacts, structures, or localities. n Since : Mar/92 ipb .news Publications from, and news about, the International Peace Bureau. IPB's periodicals provid e Frequency of Postings: 10-20/mth news about campaigns and actions around the world, and coverage on inter-governmental negotiations and UN nonviolence .to n Contains bi-monthly publicatio n reform. 'Nonviolence Today' to increase the understanding an d use of nonviolence. Since: Apr/91

Since : Jul/90 Frequency of Postings: 3-10/mth

Frequency of Postings: bi-monthly Economics Conferences : nonviolent .act n Current information on the practice of ax.fondad n Forum on Debt and Development (FONDAD) , nonviolent civil disobedience, its consequences and news following up on the problems of external debt in the so - of current actions ; magazines and bulletins . called 'Third World', including analyses and concrete Since: Jun/9 0 actions within social movements .

Frequency of Postings: 2-3/day Since: Jul/9 0

population n This conference is aimed at understanding Frequency of Postings: 2-5/two mths the causes and possible solutions to the problem o f dev.inttrade n International trade and its impact o n overpopulation . development, including trading block trends, inequitabl e Since: Feb/9 2 international trade practices, and laws and tariff policies .

Frequency of Postings: 10-15/wk Since: Apr/89

safrica.drough n This conference is for a discussion abou t Frequency of Postings : 2-4/mth the serious drought in southern Africa .

Since: Apr/92

Frequency of Postings: 25/mth

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greenbusiness n Issues of socially and environmentally- Energy Conferences : responsible business . awea .windnews n Back issues of the American Win d : May/90 Since Energy Association newsletter, from 1987 to 1991 . Frequency of Postings : 2-4/mth Since : Sep/8 7 n greenstore Environmentally-responsible products and Frequency of Postings : n/ a services. dams.general n Discussion of broad issues related to Since : Jun/9 0 hydro-electric dam projects around the world .

Frequency of Postings: 10-15/two mths Since : May/9 1 intl .economics n Discussion of a variety of internationa l Frequency of Postings : 5-10/mth economic issues . en.energy n Discussion, news and requests on all aspects of 0 Since : Oct/9 energy. h Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mt Since: Jun/87 n ips.opecna This conference contains the dispatches of Frequency of Postings: 10/wk the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries New s n Agency (OPECNA) . en.toxics.inci Hazardous waste incinerators, waste-to- energy plants . Since : Sep/9 1 Since: Jun/89 Frequency of Postings : 10-12/day Frequency of Postings : 1-4/mth toes .general n Discussion and information about The n Other Economic Summit (TOES), including alternative ips.opecna This conference contains the dispatches of economics . the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries News Agency (OPECNA) Since: Feb/9 0 Since: Sep/9 1 Frequency of Postings : 1-3/mth Frequency of Postings : 10-12/day trade.news n News updates on GATT and NAFTA from th e n Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy. wind.energy Developments in wind energy technology (primarily electric generation) and related issues. Since: Apr/92 Since: Apr/91 Frequency of Postings : 4/wk Frequency of Postings : 10-20/mth Education Conferences : Environment - General Conferences : en.enveducat n General sharing of information o n n environmental education . ccb.update Newsletter from the Centre for Conservation Biology at Stanford University. Since: Jun/8 7 Since: Apr/88 Frequency of Postings : 8-10/mth Frequency of Postings : quarterly edu .eastwest n International collaboration on education n with a focus on former Soviet Block countries . earthday.genl Initial conference regarding planning an d outreach for Earth Day and subsequent activities . Since: Jan/9 2 Since: Dec/9 1 Frequency of-Postings : 15-20/mth Frequency of Postings : 20-30/mth

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econews.africa n It is an initiative of Climate Network en.wildlife n Discussion, news and requests about wildlife Africa (CNA) aimed at making local-global connections species and habitats from around the world. and giving people in Africa the chance to add their views Since: Jun/87 on all aspects of environment and development in Africa . Frequency of Postings : 8-10/mth Since: Apr/92 n Frequency of Postings : 15-20/mth ens.newsline Breaking environmental news supplies by the Environment News Service. Additional subscription en.alerts n Short and urgent announcements and alerts fo r required. the environmental movement . Since: Jan/9 1 Since: Apr/88 Frequency of Postings : weekly summarie s Frequency of Postings : 5-10/mth foe .press n Press releases from Friends of the Earth, UK, en.blueprint n Primarily a reference conference, contain s covering all aspects of FoE's work in the environmenta l "Blueprint for the Environment" published in Novembe r field . 1988 . Since: Sep/88 Since: Aug/89 Frequency of Postings : 10-20/mth Frequency of Postings : n/ a green.travel n Information about environmentally an d en.consdigest n Published by the Munson Foundation, this culturally-responsible travel and tourism. newsletter provides concise information about issues & Since: Oct/9 1 activities in natural resource conservation. Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mth Since: Nov/89 n Frequency of Postings : 8 issues greenbusiness Issues of socially and environmentally - responsible business . en.enveducatio n List of selected publications, events & Since: May/90 awards of interest to environmental educators . Frequency of Postings : 2-5/mth Since : Jun/8 7 n Frequency of Postings : 8-10/mt h greenstore Environmentally-responsible products and services . en.general n General discussion of the environment and Since: Jun/9 0 the impact on, and by, humankind. Frequency of Postings : 10-15/two mths Since: Jul/8 7 n Frequency of Postings : 4-10/mt h sc .natlnews Sierra Club National News Report : A summary of news concerning the U .S . environment. en.ussr n Up-to-date forum on the growing numbers o f Since: Aug/87 U .S. and Soviet NGO activists pursuing the goal of globa l environment sustainability with an emphasis on th e Frequency of Postings : bi-weekly protection of Soviet eco-systems .

Since : Apr/90

Frequency of Postings : 5-8/mth

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Environment - Legislation Conferences : Forests Conferences : elaw.public .in n Public communications area for offices o f rainfor.genera n General information and discussion abou t the Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide, for purposes global rainforest issues . of discussing the development of assistance to grassroot s Since: Jul/9 0 environmental lawyers and their clients around the world . Frequency of Postings : 6-8/wk Since: Mar/9 1 n Frequency of Postings : 1-3/day rainfor.timber Information about the Rainforest Action Network's Tropic Timber Campaign and other europe.legis n Legislation, actions and publications of th e information about the fate of wood products from ou r European Communities; newsletter of ECHO, the world's rainforests . databank host of the European Commission. Since: Jul/9 0 Since: Oct/8 9 Frequency of Postings : 8-12/mth Frequency of Postings : monthly rainfor.worldb n Information about World Bank activities intl.envirolaw n Newsletter of the International pertaining to rainforest issues. Environmental Law Interest Group of the America n Since: Jul/9 0 Society of International Law. Frequency of Postings : 3-5/mth Since: Sep/9 1 n Frequency of Postings : quarterly ran.ragforum Facilitates the gathering and disseminatio n of information for Rainforest Action Groups throughout Food & Agriculture Conferences : the world . Since: Sep/88 data.farmnet n Collection of information on sustainable agriculture, rural land degradation, positive solutions, and Frequency of Postings : 2-5/mth ideas on transforming rural land use . Green Movement Conferences : Since: Mar/9 0 n Frequency of Postings : 2-4 /mth gpn .green-foru Forum of the Green Party Network o f Australia. en.agriculture n Discussion and news on current trends in Since: Sep/8 9 alternative agriculture, rural sociology, agroeconomics , and politics of agriculture . Frequency of Postings : 15-20/mt h

Since: Aug/8 7 gpty.general n Discussion about the Green Party and gree n Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mth politics. Since: Dec/8 8 en .pesticides n Information and discussion about the use of pesticides and their impact on health and the Frequency of Postings : 4-6/mth environment . green.general n Discussion and information about the Since : Apr/89 international Green movement .

Frequency of Postings : 7-10/mth Since : Feb/8 7 hunger .general . Issues, events and activities concernin g Frequency of Postings : 25-35/mth world hunger.

Since : Aug/9 0

Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mth

Ilo

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greenleft.news n Newsletter of the Green Left Weekly native .1492 n Opinions and information about events an d (Australia), covering environment, politics, labou r resources available for observing the quincentenary of th e movement, socialism, women, gay/lesbian, international voyage of Columbus to America, from an alternative news, and progressive movements and causes generally . perspective.

Since: Sep/9 1 Since: Sep/9 1

Frequency of Postings : weekly Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mth

Health Conferences: native .lang n Discussion of traditional languages o f aboriginal or indigenous peoples . ax.aids n In Portuguese and Spanish, summaries of media Since: Nov/9 0 coverage of AIDS issues in Brazil, from IBASE . Frequency of Postings : 4-6/mth Since: Aug/89

Frequency of Postings : monthly Media Conferences :

oz.aids .marc n AIDS issues and news in Australia, amarc .radio n Discussion and information about sponsored by the Mullumbimby AIDS Resource Centre o f community radio ; information provided by the Worl d New South Wales . Association of Community Radio Broadcasters.

Since: Oct/89 Since: Jun/8 9

Frequency of Postings : 8-10/two month s Frequency of Postings : 5-6/mth

n Indigenous Peoples Conferences: gen.media Discussion of mass media. Since: Apr/8 9 dams .general n Discussion of broad issues related t o hydro-electric dam projects around the world. Frequency of Postings : 4-6/mth

Since: May/9 1 media.issues n Critical evaluation of individual media (as Frequency of Postings : 5-10/mt h organizations) and news of interest to democrati c communicators . gen.nativeam n Discussion of Native American issues . Since: Mar/8 8 Since: Jan/87 Frequency of Postings : 1-4/day Frequency of Postings : 4-6/mth Military & Security Conferences : gen.nativenet n Discussion of issues related to indigenou s peoples of the world. baseconv.news n Contains the Center for Economic Conversion's newsletter on military base conversion . Since: Dec/8 9 Since: Nov/9 0 Frequency of Postings : 14-18/wk Frequency of Postings : quarterly gen.racism n Discussion of racism and other forms o f color-based discrimination. dfax .process n Headlines and extracts from Defense Daily and other news services, including environmental Since: Apr/89 publications . Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mth Since: Mar/9 1

Frequency of Postings : 50-70/wk I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

military.index n The contents pages from defense an d northwest .news n North West News Agency, Leningrad, i s military publications are posted here . a progressive news service for the north-western part o f the USSR, concentrating on local news and developments . Since : Jul/9 1 Since: Mar/9 1 Frequency of Postings : 2-4/day Frequency of Postings : 3-8/day toxics.militar n This conference contains informatio n n about toxics and environmental problems at military worldp.news Daily alternative news from shortwave bases . Co-sponsored by Arms Control Research Center, radio sources worldwide . Covers Third World, women's , Foreign Bases Project, and National Toxics Campaign environmental and labor issues, as well as covert actions , Fund . the arms race and disarmament, economics, etc . Addi- tional subscription required . Since : Nov/90 Since : May/9 1 Frequency of Postings : 4-5/mth Frequency of Postings : 25-30/wk wri.news n News, announcements and information fro m War Resisters International, on all aspects of worldwid e Seas & Waters Conferences: anti-militarist and nonviolent action. dams .general n Discussion of broad issues related to Since: Nov/89 hydro-electric dam projects around the world.

Frequency of Postings: 20/mth Since : May/9 1

News Articles/Press Releases Conferences : Frequency of Postings : 5-10/mth

There are more than 100 conferences on APC that are fo r en.coastal n Coastal issues in California and elsewhere . the posting of journalistic-style news articles and pres s Since : Sep/8 8 releases. Almost half of them are strictly for news update s on specific countries and regions . Due to space restrictions , Frequency of Postings : 2-4/mth they are not listed here in their entirety, but a sampling o f n them follows. en .marine Information and discussion about the marine environment, including seas : creatures that inhabit them, aia.news n Frontline states . Posted weekly from Harare , and impact of humankind on marine life . Zimbabwe . Development news; political news; labour Since: Jun/8 8 news ; women, education and health news. Additional subscription required . Frequency of Postings: 3-6/mth

Since: Jan/9 1 en .water n Domestic and international information an d Frequency of Postings : 8-10 /wk resources regarding water pollution, coastal zon e management, wetland protection, river conservation, fis h glasnost.news n News, information and discussion o f & wildlife . political change in Eastern Europe . Since: Aug/88 Since: Aug/89 Frequency of Postings : 5-6/mth Frequency of Postings : 3-5/day icwe .water n Preparatory documentation for the ips.ginespanol n Current news stories from Inter Press International Conference on Water and the Environment Service, in Spanish . Additional subscription required. (ICWE), held in Dublin, Ireland, 26-31 January, 1992 .

Since: Apr/9 1 Since: Nov/9 1

Frequency of Postings : 15-20/day Frequency of Postings : n/ a

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Toxics & Waste Conferences : United Nations Conferences :

en.pesticides n Information and discussion about the us e cnu .informatio n Information produced by, and related to, of pesticides and their impact on health and th e the US Citizens' Network on UNCED . environment . Since: Dec/9 0 Since : Apr/89 Frequency of Postings: 3-6/mth Frequency of Postings : 7-10/mth cnued.document n This conference contains UNCED en.toxics n Health and safety issues of toxic chemicals , documents in French . their dangers, and their control . Since: Mar/9 1 Since : Jun/8 7 Frequency of Postings : 10-20/mth Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mth cnumad.documen n This conference contains UNCED en.toxics .inci n Hazardous waste incinerators, waste-to- documents in Spanish. energy plants . Since: Mar/9 1 Since: Jun/8 9 Frequency of Postings : 10-20/mth Frequency of Postings : 1-4/mth en .unced n UNCED newsletters; press bulletins on Third en.toxics.pulp n Side effects of pulp & paper industry an d PrepCom meeting . Only from March to September 1991 . its products . Since: Mar/9 1 Since: Jun/8 9 Frequency of Postings : n/ a Frequency of Postings : 5-8/mth en .unced .binar n Contains binary (formatted) files o f en.toxics.righ n Community right-to-know issues involvin g UNCED documents. toxic contamination, use of hazardous materials, an d Since: Mar/9 1 production of hazardous wastes . Frequency of Postings : sporadic Since: Feb/9 0 n Frequency of Postings : 3-6/mth en .unced .docum Contains, in full, official UNCED and related documents. labor.toxics n Discussion and information concernin g Since: Aug/9 0 toxics in the workplace . Frequency of Postings : 50-75/PrepCo m Since: Sep/9 1 n Frequency of Postings : 6-8/mth en .unced .gener Public forum for the sharing of ideas , plans, activities, and other relevant matters tha t nuc .facilities n Environmental effects of nuclear weapon s organizations are involved in before, during, and after, th e production facilities, and actions organized against them . UNCED 1992 Conference.

Since: May/9 0 Since : Jul/9 0

Frequency of Postings : 10-15/mth Frequency of Postings : 20-30/wk

toxics.militar n This conference contains informatio n en.unced .infox n This conference is for process; how to get about toxics and environmental problems at military information related to the UNCED from one corner of th e bases . Co-sponsored by Arms Control Research Center , planet to the other most efficiently, using the APC Foreign Bases Project, and National Toxics Campaign Networks as a long-haul communications tool . Fund . Since : Dec/9 0 Since: Nov/9 0 Frequency of Postings : 20-30/wk Frequency of Postings : 4-5/mth

113 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

en .unced.news n Contains newsletters that pertain to th e spc.ngoinun n Nongovernmental Organization (NGO) 1992 UNCED meeting. Of particular interest to those influence in the United Nations . wishing to stay up on general developments of th e Since: Aug/89 meeting preparation . Frequency of Postings : 4-6/mth Since: Dec/9 0 n Frequency of Postings : 20-30/mth unced.agenda2l Discussion of the agenda for the globa l environment for the 21st century coordinated with the U N en.unced.readi n Schedule information concerning event s Conference on Environment and Development, Brazil , related to UNCED; regional listings of events by quarter . June 1992.

Since: Feb/9 1 Since: Jun/9 1

Frequency of Postings: yearly Frequency of Postings: 1/two mth s en.unced.sched n Information on the schedule of the U N unced.canada n Conference for Canadian participation in Conference on Environment and Development and the UN Conference on the Environment an d related meetings, as well as the detailed agenda of selecte d Development . UNCED meetings. Since : Mar/9 1 Since : Aug/9 0 Frequency of Postings : 2-5 /mt h Frequency of Postings : sporadi c unced.dialogue n Shares ideas and drafts of a series o f en.unced.topic n Structured access to information on th e position papers for the UNCED prepared by a network of 1992 UN Conference on the Environment an d Southern and Northern NGOs. Development according to the format of the UNCED Since: Jan/9 1 agenda. Frequency of Postings : 5-8/mth Since: Dec/90 n Frequency of Postings : last posting Jan/91 unced .earthcha Discussion of the Earth Charter that wil l result from the UN Conference on Environment and icwe.water n Preparatory documentation for th e Development, Brazil, June 1992 . International Conference on Water and the Environment Since: Jul/9 1 (ICWE), held in Dublin, Ireland, 26-31 January, 1992 . Frequency of Postings : last posting Dec/9 1 Since: Nov/9 1 n Frequency of Postings : n/ a unced .francais Discussion forum on UNCED fo r francophones . inc .climate n This UNCED-related conference contain s Since: Apr/92 reports from the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climat e Frequency of Postings : 4/mth Change. unced .ngoforum n This conference is for announcements Since: Jan/9 1 from the International Task Force - International NGO Frequency of Postings : 15-20/sessio n Forum for Rio . Since: Apr/9 2 ngls .news n Newsletter of the United National Non - Governmental Liaison Servic e Frequency of Postings : 1 /mth

Since: Feb/9 0 unced .treaties n For the discussion of the 30 alternative n Frequency of Postings : bi-monthly treaties which will be signed by the NGO community i Rio parallel to the official UNCED event.

Since: Apr/9 2

Frequency of Postings : 7/mth

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unced .ukgovt n Documents prepared by the British government for UNCED ; especially PrepCom 3 .

Since: Sep/9 1

Frequency of Postings : sporadi c unced .usgovt n This conference contains document s prepared by the U .S. Government for UNCED ; especially Prep Corn 3 .

Since : Jul/9 1

Frequency of Postings: last posting Aug/9 1 unced.women n This conference will be the mai n information repository for the women's issues in preparation for the UNCED meeting in Rio .

Since : Oct/9 1

Frequency of Postings: sporadi c unic .news n Newsletter of the United Nations Informatio n Center .

Since: Jul/9 0

Frequency of Postings: 10-15/wk

its I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

Appendix 6 UNCJIN n United Nations Criminal Justice Informatio n Network

Networks usin g UNDP n United Nations Development Programm e TCN/ Electronic Village UNCED n United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (document service only) There are more than fifty organizational groups which operate networks in the TCN Electronic Village . The ones mos t UNFPA-HQ n United Nations Fund for Population Activitie s closely associated (or associable) with issues within th e n broad framework of sustainable development are : UNICEF United Nations Childrens Emergency Fund

n AINET n Amnesty International Network UNIENET United Nations International Emergency Network AUDUBON n National Audubon Society UNINET n United Nations Information Network CARE n Care Internationa l UNISER n United Nations Information Servic e CGINET n CGINET Services (Consultative Group for n International Agricultural Research) WCC World Council of Churche s

n CRS n Catholic Relief Service s WINROCK Winrock International n CWANET n Clean Water Action Network WRI World Resources Institute In most cases, a subscriber on one network does not have CWS n Church World Services access to the specific services of another network, althoug h DASNET n DA Systems Gateway they all have access to the standard services available to al l users of the Electronic Village. EDF n Environmental Defense Fund Many of the networks listed above operate bulletin board s ERL n Environmental Research Laboratory, University o f and internal database services. It is possible for a subscribe r Arizon a to one network to be granted access, on request, to these information services on another network. In some cases, FORDFND n Ford Foundatio n such inter-network access has been formalized, so that a subscriber to, for example, the UNIENET network, ca n n FRIENDS Friends of the Third Worl d access the UNICEF or LUTH networks . It should be noted that the bulletin board services do not, generally speaking, GEMNET n Global Education Motivators Networ k encourage dialogue, debate or discussion among users , GIN n Global Information Network/Interpress U.S.A being often restricted to a "read only" status . The following are of special value in the area of sustainable n GPE Global Perspectives In Education development: n HIVNET Global Program On Aids 1 UNIENET n United Nations International Emergenc y Network INT-IPS/USA n Interpress News Service—USA UNIENET provides extensive and well-maintaine d LUTH n Lutheran World Relief bulletin boards on the activities and services of severa l international organizations concerned with disaster miti- n MARYKNOLL Maryknoll Fathers gation and relief. These include details of early warnin g systems, publications, training programs, situatio n NGLSNY n Non-Governmental Liaison Service - New Yor k reports, disaster emergency contacts, lists of experts and NRDC n Natural Resource Defense Council the services of their many partners in this field . Among the organizations whose activities are listed are : PPFA n Planned Parenthood Federation of Americ a UNDRO n Office of the United Nations Disaster Relief Co - Networ k ordinator THP n The Hunger Project

116 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T 'V A P P E N D I X 6

n UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner fo r UNET n Unicef Electronic Information Network Refugee s The United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) UNE T n FAO Food and Agriculture Organizatio n network is the most comprehensive of the eight UN agen- WHO n World Health Organizatio n cy networks which are operated on public systems . As well as electronic mail among a wide network of UNICE F n OAS Organization of American States offices, contacts, and national committees, UNET offers PAHO n Pan-American Health Organizatio n extensive bulletin boards and database services .

PCDPPP n Pan-Caribbean Disaster Preparedness and The UNET Bulletin Boards provide detailed materials on Preventio n the activities, research work and publications of several UNICEF linked programs, such as the Extende d n AIT Asian Institute of Technology Programme of Immunization. They also provide sched- IDNDR n International Decade for Natural Hazar d ules of UNICEF meetings and related events, Unite d Reductio n Nations exchange rates, and DSA (daily subsistenc e allowance) rates. OSRO n Office of Special Relief Operation s Internal database services include full text facilities on Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre, Bangkok, Thailan d UNICEF press releases . Disaster Management Center, University of Wisconsin, USA Emory University, Atlanta, USA UNISER n United Nations Information Servic e

International Health Exchang e The UNISER network is operated by GEMNET (Global Education Motivators) in cooperation with the Unite d International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva , Nations Department of Public Information (UNDPI) . I t Switzerland features access to the regular materials of the United International Agricultural Centre, Wageningen, The Nations Information Service : Netherland s • the UN database with daily news from and about th e Institute of Child Health, London, U .K. UN, in English, French and Spanish

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, U .K . • full text versions, some by request only, of official U N MSF (Medecins Sans Frontieres)-NL, Amsterdam , press releases Netherlands MSF (Medecins Sans Frontieres)-B, Brux- • a full, searchable index of resolutions passed by the elles, Belgium MSF (Medecins Sans Frontieres)-F, Paris , General Assembly in the past two years . The full text of a France University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden resolution can be requested and delivered by electroni c UNDP n United Nations Development Programm e mail, for a small charge which is included in the TC N billing. The UNDP network on the TCN/Electronic Villag e provides possibilities for electronic mail links with mos t CGINET n Consultative Group for International UNDP offices in the world. In addition, it provides sources Agricultural Research of information on current United Nations exchange rates , The CGINET is a service of the CGIAR, (Consultative and the travel plans and engagements of UNDP staff. Group for International Agricultural Research), which is a UNEP n United Nations Environment Programm e network of 16 research centres worldwide, mainly i n Africa, Asia/Pacific, and Latin America . It operates exten- The UNEP network enables electronic mail with mos t sive electronic mail and data exchange, and provide s UNEP offices, and details of official statements an d access and search facilities to the databases operated by speeches by senior UNEP officers. Access is available to the individual centres. The network is operated on anoth- the UNEP's Clean Technologies System, its regional infor- er Dialcom Host, system 57 . mation systems, and the AMBIONET informatio n network . Highly signifciant is the expectation that access will be available in the second half of 1992 to the Unite d Nations databases on the United Nations' internal computer systems (ICC - International Computin g Centre, in Geneva, and NYCS - New York Compute r Service)

I17 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

IPS–USA n Inter Press Service Databases

IPS-USA Database is a wide-ranging database of news arti- The TCN/ Electronic Village also provides access to a cles focusing on the Third World. Updated daily with number of external databases for news retrieval, research seven to nine full-text articles, IPS-USA offers coverage o f services, and a wide variety of commercial services . political, economic, human rights, environmental, devel- There is a surcharge imposed by the sponsor host . The opment and women's issues from the under-reporte d databases, provided by the host system BRS, cover issue s nations of the world . Articles are held online for one related to sustainable development . month and indexed by "key-words" so that subscriber s Databases include : can quickly locate articles of interest. AGRICOLA (AND BACKFILE) (BRS) The IPS-USA Database is primarily a selection of news from the Inter Press Service, daily English language new s BIOBUSINESS (BRS) cast. IPS copy is selected and re-edited with the needs of a CAB – Economics, Development And Education (brs) U .S .-based audience in mind, and augmented with free - lance features . CAB– Human Nutrition (BRS)

Inter Press Service Third World News Agency is a non - CAB– Veterinary And Medical (BRS) profit international cooperative of journalists, whic h CAB ABSTRACTS (BRS ) specializes in coverage of regional, political, environmental and development issues. Based in Rome, IPS is repre- CURRENT CONTENTS : Agriculture (BRS) sented in 70 countries in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean , CURRENT CONTENTS : Engineering (BRS ) Central and Latin America, Europe, and North America . CURRENT CONTENTS : Life Sciences (BRS) ' UNCED n United Nations Conference On Environmen t And Development CURRENT CONTENTS : Physics (BRS)

While UNCED does not operate a full network on th e ELECTRONIC MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM (BRS) TCN/Electronic Village, it does maintain a full documen t HAZARDLINE (BRS ) service . This includes updates, schedules, reports, and a library of the PrepComm documentation. INDUSTRYAND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS (BRS ) MEDLINE (AND BACKFILES) (BRS )

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL DATA REFERRAL SERVICE (BRS )

NTIS BIBLIOGRAPHIC (BRS)

POLLUTION ABSTRACTS (BRS)

I18 SO U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V A P P E N D I X 7

Appendix 7 REGISTRY TOXIC EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES n (DIALOG)

GeoNet Databases Relevan t SUSTECH: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT to Sustainable Developmen t TECHNOLOGIES n (MCRl )

TROPICAL AGRICULTURE n (OTHER HOST) (Host system is shown in parentheses ; the system MCR 1 ULIDATA: ENVIRONMENTAL LITERATURE n ECHO ) means that the database is held locally by Geonet syste m MCR1 ) UNCED: FULL UNCED OFFICIAL DOCUMENTATION

AGRICOLA n (DIALOG) n Bulletin Boards n AGRIS INTERNATIONAL (DIALOG) Host n Bulletin board n scop e n AIDOC (Amnesty International) (MCRl ) GEO2 n AIDS-ACTION-ONL AIDS n AIDS Actio n AIDS DATABASE n (DATASTAR) newsletter of AHRTA G n n APTIC n (Air Pollution) (DIALOG) GEO2 AIDS-ISSUES Issues relating to HIV and AID S n n BIOBUSINESS n (DIALOG) GEO2 ANTI-APARTHEID Anti Aparthei d News/Discussion BIOCOMMERCEABSTRACTS n (DIALOG) GEO2 n DATABASES n Database descriptions CAB ABSTRACTS n (DIALOG) GEO2 n DEBT-CRISIS n News/Discussion on Third n CHEMICAL PLANTS WORLDWIDE (DATASTAR) World Deb t n ECOBASE (MCR1 ) GEO2 n ENVIRONMENT n News/discussion o n ENERGYLINE n (DIALOG ) Environmental Issue s n n ENERGYLINE n (DIALOG ) MCR1 ETHI-CONSUMER Ethical Consume r magazine ENVIROLINE n (DIALOG) GEO2 n FONDAD-BULLETIN n Forum on Debt an d n ENVIRONMENT DIGEST (MCR1 ) Development BB S n ENVIRONMENTAL BIBLIOGRAPHY (DIALOG) GEO2 • GATT-INFO n Informations sur GATT / GATT FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACTS n Informatio n (DIALOG ) GEO2 n GLOBAL-DIALOG n Global Dialog Associatio n n FT BUSINESS REPORT - TECHNOLOGY (PROFILE ) GEO2 n GREEN n Information/Discussion of Gree n IALINE: FOOD & AGRICULTURE LITERATURE n Issues (QUESTEL) GEO2 n HAZARDS-BBS n Trade Unions/ Community INFOLIFE n (MCRl ) Hazards Campaign s n n LABORDOC n (OTHER HOST) MCR1 HAZARDS-NEWS Health and Safety Informatio n MEDLINE n (DIALOG) GEO2 n HUMAN-RIGHTS n Human Rights n OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE (MCRl ) Alerts/Appeals n P/ENEWS: PETROLEUM& ENERGY LITERATURE GEO2 n INTERDOC-BBS n Interdoc global NG O (DIALOG ) Network BB S

POLLUTION ABSTRACTS n (DATASTAR) GEO2 n LABOUR n News/Discussion about Labour P OP ULAT ION BIBLIO GRAPHY n (DIALOG) Issues GEO2 n LIFELINES-IOCU n International Organizatio n of Consumers Unions BBS

119 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

GEO2 n NGO-HOSTS n News/Information NGO e-mail Hosts

MOS1 n RIA-SCIENCE n Science and technologies news from RIA Russian Information Agency (ex-TASS )

GEO2 n SATIS-THESAURUS n SATIS Thesaurus Development

GEO2 n SATISFACTION n SATIS Sustainable Technology News

GEO2 n SATISFILE n Discussion on Software for Info Centre s

GEO2 n SATISNEWS n Satis news - text of Satis journal

GEO2 n TRIBAL-SURVIVAL n News/Discussion o n Indigenous Peoples

GEO2 n TWN n Third World Network

GEO2 n UNCED n News and information on UNCE D

GEO2 n UNCED-DOCS-E n UNCED Documentation - Espano l

GEO2 n UNCED-DOCS-F n UNCED Documentation - Francais

GEO2 n UNCED-DOCS-GB n UNCED Documentation - English

GEO2 n WOMEN n Women's Bulletin Board

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1 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T ' A P P E N D I X 8

Appendix 8 • For EARN nodes operating with VAX/VMS systems typ e the following :

Internet Mailing Lists Related SEND LISTSERV @ HDETUD1 SUBSCRIBE EBCBBU L to Sustainable Developmen t (followed by your name )

Biotechnology • On other systems send mail t o ► LISTSERV@HDETUD 1 (or LISTSERV@HDETUD1 .TUDELFT .NL , n BIOTECH%UMDC .BITNET@CUNYVM .CUNY.ED U or for Internet user s BIOTECH@UMDC .UMD .EDU LISTSERV%HDETUD 1 . B ITNET@VM 1 .NODAK . EDU) The Biotechnology mailing list is open for : with the body/text of the mail containing th e • Software/hardware issue s command : SUB EBCBBUL yourfirstname yourlas t • Announcements name • Submission of bulletin s As soon as your request for access has been accepted, you • Exchange of ideas and dat a will receive, by e-mail, confirmation of this fact . Because Previous bulletins are archived on BIOSERVE server disk. of limitations imposed by e-mail (traffic volume etc .) thi s The server accepts commands from the subject line of a may take several hours . After that you will be able to message . The request for information and previous search EBCBBUL using LDBASE or LSVTALK (these are bulletins can be sent to : programs available within the EARN node that make BIOSERVE%[email protected] .EDU or interactive searching possible) . BIOSERVE@UMDC .UMD .EDU . Coordinator: Arie Braat All requests to be added to or deleted from this list , problems, questions, etc., should be sent t o BIOTECH%UMDC .BITNET@CUNYVM .CUNY.EDU or BIOTECH@UMDC. UMD . EDU . International Coordinator : Deba Patnaik ► There are 16 lists on specific countries, regions and continents, including: Africa, Baltic republics, Canada , n EBCBBUL%HDETUD LBITNET@VMI .NODAK .EDU Croatia, Poland, Eastern Europe, European Community, EBCBBUL is short for EBCB BULletin board, a facet of th e Hungary, India, Mexico, Malaysia, Pacific Ocean and European Bank of Computer Programs in Biotechnolog y Islands, Pakistan, Russia, Slovenia, and Greece . Too (EBCB) . EBCB is a non-profit organization mainly funde d lengthy to list here, specific information on how to acces s by the European Community (EC) . The main goal of EBC B these lists can be obtained from the previously mentioned is to stimulate and facilitate the use of computers in List of Lists. biotechnological training and research in Europe . EBCBBUL will not only promote user/use r ►Environmental communication, but will also provide users with up t o n date information (e .g. about courses/congresses) . BIOSPH-L%UBVM [email protected]

Items accepted for the bulletin board will be distribute d Anything relating to the biosphere : pollution, CO2 effect, via electronic mail (e-mail) to all participants and will als o ecology, habitats, climate, etc ., can be discussed–anything be retained for future reference . that exerts an influence of some kind or another on the biosphere. EBCBBUL is public, and anyone with access to EARN ca n participate . Before you gain access to EBCBBUL through •To subscribe send the following command t o EARN or a related system, however, you must issue one of LISTSERV@UB VM. BITNET: the following commands : SUBSCRIBE BIOSPH-L Yourfull name . • For EARN nodes operating with VM/CMS systems typ e • To leave or signoff the list send : the following: SIGNOFF BIOSPH-L TELL LISTSERV AT HDETUD1 SUBSCRIBE EBCBBU L (followed by your name)

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• Non-BitNet users can [un]subscribe by sending th e ► Development commands in the body text of a message t o LISTSERV%UBVMS .BITNET@VM 1 .NODAK .EDU . nDEVEL-L@AUVM [email protected] .EDU Coordinator : Dave Phillip s [Last Updated 12-October-1991 ] A public discussion list for all persons interested in nENVST-L on LISTSERV@BROWNVM .BITNE T technology transfer in international development. The list The Environmental Studies Discussion List is sponsored by Volunteers in Technical Assistance (VITA) , The purpose of this list is to exchange information abou t a private, nonprofit, voluntary organization for Environmental Studies (ES) programs generally including humanitarian assistance . Subscribers discuss their shared course designs, successful student projects, important interests in the list's subject, which can include curren t information sources, etc. Open to all who have a seriou s news, new books, computers and communications in interest in ES at the undergraduate and graduate levels , development, other new technologies, personal some topics that might be of interest are : the balance experiences, entrepreneurship, relationships betwee n between science/social science/humanities in our degree technology and the amelioration of poverty in Third programs; the role of project classes and individua l World. countries, projects, organizations, and educationa l applied projects in programs and relations with mor e programs . Other topics for discussion are open to traditional departments and disciplines . suggestion . Subscribers automatically receive VITA' s monthly newsletter . Entries to this list will be restricted to items of genera l interest . This list will not be used for personal exchanges • To subscribe, send mail text or interactive message t o or dialogues. LISTSERV@AUVM or [email protected] .ED U that reads as follows : SUB DEVEL-L . • To subscribe to this list, send the following comman d in the bodyof a message or mail to : • You may leave the list at any time by sending a LISTSERV@BROWNVM .BITNET SUB ENVST- L "SIGNOFF DEVEL-L" command to LISTSERV@AUVM. yourfirstname yourlastname. To post a message to all subscribers, use the addres s DEVEL-L@AUVM . You will receive acknowledgement from listserv, togethe r with a more detailed description of the list . • For editorial correspondence concerning th e newsletter or for messages to VITA, use the addres s Owner : Sandra Baptista VITA@GMUVAX; please don't use it for other purposes . [email protected] .ED U Coordinator : R. R . Ronkin, VITA Volunteer, VITA@GMUVAX . The purpose of this mailing list is to discuss and promot e self-sufficiency in everyday life in many forms . This Disarmament includes, but is not limited to, basic needs such as food , ► shelter, health, and safety. A unique aspect of this list, • DISARM-L%ALBNYVM1 .BITNET @ however, unlike many others, is that it concentrates on the CORNELLC .CCS . CORNELL .EDU city and urban/semi-urban applications of traditional self - sufficiency technology. Thus, discussions on raising fish in DISARM-L provides discussions of military and politica l a small backyard pool or a large aquarium instead of i n strategy, technology, sociology, and popular peac e cage-culture rafts on a farm pond ; raising vegetables an d activism involved in accelerating disarmament of nuclear, small-tree fruits in containers on the patio or under grow- conventional, chemical, and biological weapons . lights at work instead of in a 20 x 40 garden plot . Also, discussion of other destabilizing actions such a s • Send requests to be added directly to . superpower intervention and exploitation of the Thir d urbanites-request@psyche .mit.edu and include World . Soviet, European, Asiatic and Latin American "urbanites-request " in your subject line . participants are welcomed .

Coordinator: sgw@silver .lcs .mit.edu (Stephen G . Wadlow) Also see DISARM-D for a monthly-Digest form of the list.

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• Those with interactive BITNET communication can • Non-BITNET users can join by sending a message t o subscribe and also access the monthly logs by issuin g [email protected] .MX with the one- the command : TELL LISTSERV@ALBNYVM1 INDEX line command "SUBSCRIBE ECONOMY . DISARM-L and the command : Your_full_name" in the body/text (*NOT* in th e TELL LISTSERV@ALBNYVM1 GET DISARM- L Subject: field) . LOGyymm . Coordinator: Alejandro Ibarra • Those without interactive BitNet access should sen d <5343TBIT@TECMTYVM .MTY.ITESM .MX> requests to the moderator by e-mail . <5343TBIT@TECMTYVM .BITNET>

Moderator: Donald Parsons Law nINT-LAW on LISTSERV@UMINN1 .BITNE T or LISTSERV@VM1 .SPCS.UMN.EDU n DISARM-D%ALBNYVM1 .BITNET @ [Last updated 28-January-1992] CORNELLC . CCS. CORNELL .EDU INT-LAW (Foreign and International Law Librarians) is a The list that stores and distributes the monthly digests . list onBITNET for librarians and others interested in Interactive users can obtain these directly as disarm- d exchanging information related to foreign, comparative, logyymm. and international legal materials and issues . Also see DISARM-L for an immediate-redistribution Selected topics in the six months since INT-LAW bega n (mailing list) form of the Digest. include the READEX CD-ROM Index to United Nation s documents, databases containing information on foreig n • Those with interactive BITNET communication ca n and international law, the "European Court Reports" , subscribe and also access the monthly logs by issuin g sources of information on careers in international law , the command : TELL LISTSERV@ALBNYVM1 INDEX GATT panel reports,and the "National Trade Data Bank " DISARM-D and the command : TELL CD-ROM, etc. INT-LAW came up on April31, 1991 . LISTSERV@ALBNYVM1 GET DISARM-D LOGyymm . • There are approximately 185 subscribers to INT-LAW at • Those without interactive BITNET access should sen d present, mainly from the U .S. Other countrie s requests to the moderator by e-mail . represented include Canada, Mexico, and Germany . To Moderator: Donald Parsons subscribe to INT-LAW, send the following message t o LISTSERV@VMI .SPCS.UMN.EDU (Internet address ) Subscribe INT-LAW Firstname Lastname .

Economy Send any questions, comments, etc . to the moderators of the list: [email protected] .MX Lyonette Louis-Jacques (L-LOUI@UMINN1) o r ECONOMY@TECMTYVM .B ITNET Mila Rush (M-RUSH@UMINN1) . The economy and economic problems of Less Develope d Mila Rush is the listowner . Countries (LDCs) have become real laboratories for both the economic discipline, and economic policy measures . n Educatio n This discussion list is aimed at analyzing economi c n problems, theories, policies, social conditions, politica l DEOS-L on LISTSERV@PSUVM .BITNE T settings, etc., of LDCs and their relationship with th e or LISTSERV@PSUVM .PSU .ED U industrial world . [Last updated 12-October-1991 ] The American Center for the Study of Distance Education at • BITNET users can join by issuing the followin g Pennsylvania State University has opened DEOS-L, a n command : TELL LISTSERV AT TECMTYVM international discussion forum for distance education . SUBSCRIBE ECONOMY Yourfull nam e Initially, the intention is to facilitate discussion of some o f Example : TELL LISTSERV AT TECMTYVM SUBSCRIBE the issues presented in DEOSNEWS. It will also work to ECONOMY Jane Do e promote communication among distance educators, and or the equivalent for sending messages, if you r disseminate information and requests about distanc e operating system is not VM/SP . education around the world .

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DEOS-L will be open for everyone who wants to subscribe , n AIDSNEWS%RUTVM I .BITNET@CUNYVM .CUNY.EDU and all subscribers may post information to the list . The AIDSNews Forum is used for the discussion of any However, to enhance the quality of DEOS-L, the note s issue relating to AIDS/ARC. AIDS Treatment News reports posted will be reviewed . on experimental and alternative treatments, especially • To subscribe to DEOS-L, just post the followin g those available now. It collects information from medical command to LISTSERV@PSUVM o r journals, and from interviews with scientists, physicians, LISTSERV@PSUVM .PSU.EDU : SUBSCRIBE DEOS- L health practitioners, and persons with AIDS or ARC; it Your Full Name does not recommend particular therapies, but seeks t o increase the options available . The ethical and public - nEDISTA on LISTSERV@USACHVM1 .BITNE T policy issues around AIDS treatment research will also be Distance Education examined. AIDS Treatment News, Northern Light s [Last updated 28-January-1992 ] Alternatives, and many other publications are als o distributed to this list. The University Distance Program (UNIDIS) at th e University of Santiago (Chile), has started a discussion list A library of files is also available . Send or mail th e to serve as a forum on distance education , following command to LISTSERV@RUTVMI .BITNET for a EDISTA@USACHVM 1 . BITNET current listing of available files : INDEX AIDSNEWS

New research findings, UNIDIS activities an d • BITNET users may subscribe to the list by entering : announcements, and discussions on distance education TELL LISTSERV at RUTVM1 SUBSCRIBE AIDSNEWS will be the main topics of the list. Your_Full_Name where Your_Full_Name is your rea l name (not your userid) . From a VMS BITNET site use • To sign up on the list, send a mail message with th e the SEND/REMOTE command . content of the message in the form of: SUBSCRIB E • Users outside BITNET should use the appropriat e EDISTA "your_full_name" to the following BITNE T gateway to send mail to LISTSERV@RUTVM1 .BITNET. address: LISTSERV at USACHVMI .BITNET The text of the message should be the single line : • To send a contribution to the list via mail, use th e SUBSCRIBE AIDSNEWS Your_Full_Name following bitnet address : To protect privacy the subscriber list is kept confidential . EDISTA@USACHVM 1 . B ITNE T If you have any problems subscribing to the list send mai l These contributions will then be sent to everyone o n to the coordinator . the list . Coordinator : Michael Smith • To sign off the list, send a message in the form of : SIGNOFF EDISTA to : LISTSERV@USACHVMI .BITNET n MEDNEWS%ASUACAD .BITNET@CUNYVM .CUNY.ED U n Medical The MEDNEWS LISTSERV list is for distribution of th e nAIDS-STAT@WUBIOS .WUSTL.EDU Health Info-Com Network medical newsletter. It is distributed weekly and contains the latest MMWR from th e Mailing list for the distribution of AIDS statistics fro m Center for Disease Control, weekly AIDS Statistics, FD A various agencies . The prime information being distribute d bulletins, medical news from the United Nations, and will be the Atlanta-based Center for Disease Control' s other assorted medical news items. Submissions for the monthly AIDS Surveillance Report . newsletter are welcomed; please contact the editor if yo u • Requests to be added to or deleted from the list shoul d have any questions or newsletter submissions . be sent to AIDS-STAT- • To subscribe send the following command to REQUEST@WUBIOS .WUSTL .EDU . Questions abou t LISTSERV@ASUACAD (non-BITNET users send mail to the list, or subscription problems can also be reporte d STSERV%ASUACAD . BITNET@CUNYVM . CUNY. ED U to ddodell@stjhmc .fidonet .org or with the command in the message body) : SUBSCRIB E . ATW1 H@ASUACAD .BITNET MEDNEWS Your_Full_Name where Your_Full_Name is Coordinator: David Dodell your real name, not your userid . To unsubscribe, send : (ddodell%stjhmc .fidonet.org@VM 1 .NODAK .EDU> UNSUBSCRIBE MEDNEWS Editor : David Dodell

124 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V A P P E N D I X 9

Appendix 9 The goal is for all NSF printed publications to be availabl e electronically.

List of Interne t [See information on the Global Change Research Information Services Program, sponsored by the Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences of the Federal Coordinatin g Council for Science, Engineering and Technology. Distance Education Online Database Working with about a USD1 billion budget, it has a goa l "of establishing the scientific basis for national an d ICDL international policy related to natural and human- c/o The Open University, Walton Hall induced changes in the global Earth system" .] Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA United Kingdo m Network Access n Via Anonymous FTP. e-mail:[email protected] .open .ac .uk or ftp stis .nsf.gov or 128 .150.195 .40 kwharry@vax .acs .open.ac .uk Via Telnet Telephone :44-908-65353 7 telnet stis.nsf.gov or 128 .150.195 .40 (Login : public) Fax: 44-908-653744 Direct electronic mail . Telex : 825061 OUWALT G You can request that STIS e-mail send you an electroni c copy of every document that is added to the system . This Description n The International Centre for Distance is particularly effective for periodic and time-sensitiv e Learning (ICDL), based at the British Open University, has publications, such as the Bulletin . an online database on Distance Education. Who Can Use the System? n STIS is available to the public . Science and Technology There is no charge for any of the services and no need to Information System (STIS ) register for a password . STIS National Science Foundation Office of Information Systems (Room 401 ) 1800 G Street NW Washington, DC 20550 USA

e-mail : stis-request@nsf. gov(Internet) stis-req@NSF (BITNET)

Telephone :202-357-7555 (Voicemail) Fax : 202-357-7663 TDD: (202) 357-7492

Description n STIS is an electronic dissemination system that provides fast, easy access to National Science Foundation (NSF) publications .

Publications currently available include :

The NSF Bulleti n • Program announcements and "Dear Colleague" letter s • General publications and report s • NSFDirection s • Press release s • NSF organization charts and phone book s • NSF vacancy announcements • Award abstracts (1989-now)

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Appendix I 0

BITNET Mailing Lists Related to Sustainable Developmen t

Network-wide ID Full addres s List title

'EDUCATIONAL- . .. ERL-L@TCSVM Educational Research List (TCSVM) 'SINOECOL ' SINOECOL@MIAMIU (Peered) Sino-Ecologists Club Overseas Forum AG-ECON AG-ECON@ERS Agricultural Economics and ERS Test Lis t AIDS AIDS@EBOUB01 1 (Peered) Sci .Med.AIDS Newsgroup AIDS@RUTVM 1 (Peered) Sci .Med.AIDS Newsgroup AIDS@USCVM (Peered) Sci .Med.AIDS Newsgroup AIDS_INTL ICECA@RUTVM 1 Intl Committee for Elec Comm on AID S AIDSNEWS AIDSNEWS@EBOUB01 1 (Peered) AIDS/HIV News BIOSPH-L BIOSPH-L@UBVM Biosphere, ecology, Discussion List CLIMLIST CLIMLIST@OHSTVM A CLIMLIST Climatology Distribution List COASTGIS COASTGIS@IRLEARN Coastal GIS Distribution Lis t COMDEV COMDEV@RPIECS Communication & international developmen t CONSLINK CONSLINK@SIVM Discussion on Biological Conservation CREAD CREAD@YORKVM 1 Electronic Network for Distance Education CREAD-D CREAD-D@YORKVM 1 Digest for the Electronic Network for Distance Educatio n DEOS-L DEOS-L@PSUVM DEOS-L - The Distance Education Online Symposiu m DEOSNEWS DEOSNEWS@PSUVM DEOSNEWS - The Distance Education Online Symposiu m DEVEL-L DEVEL-L@AUVM Technology Transfer in International Developmen t DISTED DISTED@UWAVM Online Journal of Distance Ed . and Communicatio n EBCBBUL EBCBBUL@HDETUD 1 Computers in Biotechnology, Research and Educatio n EBCBCAT EBCBCAT@HDETUD 1 Catalogue of 'Biotechnological' software ECONOMY ECONOMY@TECMTYVM Economic Problems in Less Developed Countrie s ECO92-L ECO92-L@BRUFM G Grupo de discussao da ECO 92 EDISTA EDISTA@USACHVM 1 "Educacion a Distancia" ENERGY-L ENERGY-L@TAUNIVM Energy List ENVBEH-L ENVBEH-L@POLYGRAF Forum on Environment and Human Behavio r ENVST-L ENVST-L@BROWNVM Environmental Studies Discussion Lis t GLOBALED GLOBALED@UNMVM Global Classroo m GLOSAS-L GLOSAS-L@UOTTAWA GLObal Systems Analysis and Simulation Lis t GPTEAM GPTEAM@POLYGRAF The Green Pages Team Discussio n GREEN GREEN@INDYCMS Green movement s NAT-1492 NAT-1492@TAMVM 1 NATIVE-L Columbus Quincentenary Mailing Lis t NATIVE-L NATIVE-L@TAMVM 1 NATIVE-L Issues Pertaining to Aboriginal Peoples PBDLIST PBDLIST@SUVM Paradigms for Boosting Development - Networ k RECYCLE RECYCLE@UMAB Recycling in Practice RURALDEV RURALDEV@KSUVM Community and Rural Economic Development SIIN-L SIIN-L@UNBVM 1 UPEI Inst. of Island Studies-Small Islands UN UN@INDYCMS United Nation s WU-AIDS AIDS@WUVMD Sci .Med.AIDS Newsgrou p

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► UNCED 92 Communication To send msgs to the lists use the specific address : and Information Net ECO92-L@BRUFMG .BITNET

In order to promote the widest range of communication THEM92-LBRUFMG .BITNET and information sharing before, during, and after the United Nations Conference on Environment an d UNCE92-LBRUFMG.BITNE T Development (UNCED), several mailing lists have bee n GLFR92-LBRUFMG .BITNET established on BITNET and Internet . These lists ar e sponsored by the National Research Net of the Nationa l DO NOT use these addresses to ask for subscriptions or t o Research Council of Brazil . The five initial lists are : signoff your subscriptio n

ECO92-L n General information . Beginners list, to which UNCED92 COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION NET generic and logistic questions shall be addressed . Coordinator: Evaristo E. de Miranda n THEM92-L Thematic conference . Provides informatio n CP 49 1 and promotes discussions on the scientific and technica l aspects of UNCED92, as well as their consequences . It i s CEP 13001 Campinas - SP BRASIL addressed to the national and international scientifi c e-mail:mir@nma. embrapa . ansp .b r community. Phone : 55-192-52-597 7 UNCE92-L A Official program . Provides information abou t the official event – its preparation, follow-up an d Phone : 55-192-53-136 3 decisions . Fax :55-192-54-1100 GLFR92-L n The NGOs Global Forum . Provides information on the parallel event, organized b y nongovernmental organizations – its preparation, follow- up and decisions.

NEWS92-L n News - Read-only list with journalistic information on the event, stories on subjects related t o UNCED92, comments, international reactions, editorials , etc .

Instructions for new lists users :

• The official languages are Portuguese, English, Spanish , and French .

• To subscribe to any list send the following message to : [email protected] SUB list_name (complete_user_name)

example :

SUB EC092-L John Denver Smit h

• To sign off any list send the following msg to : LISTSERV@BRUFMG .BITNET SIGNOFF list_nam e

example :

SIGNOFF EC092- L

• To sign off all lists at one time send the following msg :

SIGNOFF * (NETWIDE

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Appendix I I Open to anyone with the time and inclination to participate . Mailing list will be confidential and known UUCP Mailing Lists only to the members. Anonymous postings will be accepted. (See also "aids " mailing list) act-up wildnet Contact n act-up-request@wprld .std.com (Lenard Diggins ) Contact n wildnet-request@access .usask.ca—or- access!wildnet-request (Eric Woodsworth ) Purpose n Act-up was set up for the discussion of the n work being done by the various act-up chapters Purpose This list is concerned with computing an d worldwide, to announce events, to exchange ideas statistics in fisheries and wildlife biology. Relevan t related to AIDS activism, and, more broadly, to discuss topics include G .I.S., ecological modelling, software, etc. the politics of AIDS and health care . aids

Contact n [email protected] .edu (Daniel R . Greening )

Purpose n A distribution list for people who can't read sci.med .aids. Covers predominately medical issues o f AIDS . Some discussion of political and social issues . Postings to AIDSNEWS and Health InfoCom News mailing lists are also carried.

Unlike info-aids, postings to [email protected] .edu are NON- confidential . The average number of postings to aids is about 2 per day. The average size of articles is very large (statistics, news summaries, etc .) sci .med .aids an d aids@cs .ucla .edu are moderated. (see also "info-aids " mailing list)

AIDS-stat

Contact n aids-stat-request@wubios .wustl.edu (David Dodell)

Purpose n AIDS-STAT is a moderated mailing list whos e sole purpose is for the distribution of AIDS statistic s from various agencies .

The prime information being distributed will be the monthly AIDS Surveillance Report of the Center for Disease Control located in Atlanta, Georgia, USA . info-aids

Contact n [email protected] —or (pacbell, apple,hoptoad,ucbvax}!well!rainbow!info-aid s (Ken Davis) .

Purpose n To act as a clearinghouse for information, an d discussion about AIDS, including alternative treatments, political implications, etc. Exchanges file s with AIDNEWS@RUTVM1 .BITNET.

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Appendix 1 2

Usenet Newsgroup s

Newsgroup n Description

comp.infosystems.gis n All aspects of Geographic Information Systems

comp.society.development n Computer technology in developing countries

sci.energy n Discussions about energy, science & technolog y

sci.environment n Discussions about the environment and ecology

sci.geo.geology n Discussion of solid earth science s

sci.geo.meteorology n Discussion of meteorology and related topics

sci.med.aids n AIDS : treatment, pathology/biology of HIV prevention (Moderated)

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Appendix 1 3 ASBESTOS CONTROL REPORT (NEWSNET) BIOLOGICAL & AGRICULTURAL INDEX (WILSON ) CompuServe BUSINESS AND THE ENVIRONMENT (NEWSNET )

CAB ABSTRACTS [COMMONWEALTH AGRICULTURA L Selected databases available on CompuServe, via th e BUREAU] (DIALOG) IQUEST database query service along with annotations' . CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & BIOTECHNOLOGY ACIDOC- Includes bibliographic references on acid rain , ABSTRACTS (CE (DATASTAR) including sources and control of acid precipitation , environmental effects, social aspects, etc. CHEMICAL REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES SYSTEM (DIALOG) Air/Water Pollution Report - Monitors developments in ai r and water pollution, emphasizing the Clean Air and Clean CHEMICAL SAFETY NEWSBASE (DATASTAR ) Water Acts . Records are full text copies of the reports . COMLINE JAPAN DAILY : BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEWSNET)

Business and the Environment is the full text of th e CURRENT BIOTECHNOLOGY ABSTRACTS (DATASTAR ) newsletter covering green companies . ENERGY BIBLIOGRAPHY & INDEX (ORBIT ) Energyline offers selected articles and abstracts addressin g energy issues . ENERGY CONSERVATION NEWS (NEWSNET)

Enviroline contains abstracts of environmental articles . ENERGYLINE (DIALOG)

Global Environmental Change Report contains the full text ENHANCED ENERGY RECOVERY NEWS (NEWSNET ) of sicentific, legislative and other articles, reports on globa l ENVIROLINE (ORBIT ) warming, acid rain, ozone depletion, deforestations, etc. ENVIRONMENT WEEK (NEWSNET) Green Marketing Report contains the full text of a newsletter that covers trends in environmentally awar e ENVIRONMENTAL BIBLIOGRAPHY (DIALOG ) products and packaging. ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE UPDATE (NEWSNET ) Indoor Air Quality Update is a full text database on indoo r FINANCIAL TIMES BUSINESS REPORTS : ENERGY air problems . (PROFILE) Multinational Environment Outlook is a full text database FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT S that addresses international environmental and resourc e (DIALOG) management issue s FOREST PRODUCTS (ORBIT) Other databases GENETIC TECHNOLOGY NEWS (NEWSNET ) ABSTRACTS OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE (ORBIT) GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE REPOR T AGRICOLA (BRS ) (NEWSNET) AGRIS INTERNATIONAL (DIALOG ) GOLOB'S OIL POLLUTION BULLETIN (NEWSNET ) AIDS DATABASE (DATASTAR) GREEN MARKETING REPORT (NEWSNET ) R AIR POLLUTION TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTE INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT (NEWSNET ) (DIALOG) INTER PRESS SERVICE INTERNATIONAL NEW S AIR/WATER POLLUTION REPORT (NEWSNET) (NEWSNET)

APPLIED GENETICS NEWS (NEWSNET) MEDLINE (BRS)

AQUATIC SCIENCES AND FISHERIES ABSTRACT S NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE (BRS) (DIALOG)

I Galvin, C.J . 1992. A forum for the planet . CompuServe Magazine 11(2) :10-19 .

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OCEANIC ABSTRACTS (DIALOG )

PLASTIC WASTE STRATEGIES (NEWSNET )

POLLUTION ABSTRACTS (DIALOG)

POPULATION BIBLIOGRAPHY (DIALOG )

SOLID WASTE REPORT (NEWSNET)

TOXLINE (DIALOG)

WASTE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY NEWS (NEWSNET )

WATER RESOURCES ABSTRACTS (DIALOG)

WATERNET (DIALOG)

WORLD BANK WATCH (NEWSNET)

WORLDWIDE DATABASES (NEWSNET )

WORLDWIDE ENERGY (NEWSNET)

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Appendix 1 4

Computer Conference Sample s

What does a computer conference look like and what can I find in it? s

Consider the conference en.announcements on the APC networks. This conference announces environmental events . Conf? > en .announcements - en .announceme n

10/10/91 642*EcoNet News Of Not e 95 igc :econe t 4/28/92 749*California Earthquake Report s igc :econe t 4/30/92 750*MAY 3 Jerry Mander at UC Davi s igc :econe t 751*Radio Program from Earth Summi t igc :econe t 5/01/92 752*Rodney King Trial Related Inf o igc :econe t 753*NAPEC Conference Oct . 8- 9 igc :econe t 754*Six Goldman Env . Prize Winner s igc :econe t 5/05/92 755*For Women : Timber Day of Actio n igc :econe t 756*Advocacy Institute Fellowship s igc :econe t 5/06/92 757*EcoNet Volunteer Neede d igc :econe t 758*Goto - Great Info ! igc :econe t 759*Green Builder Program, Austin, T X igc :econe t 760*EcoNet Looking For Volunteer s 1 igc :econe t 5/07/92 761*Concordare News In igc :econe t 5/11/92 762*NEW CONFERENCE : igc :econe t 763*Millenium PBS - Tribal Wisdo m igc :econe t 5/12/92 764*Radio Japan Environment Phone-I n igc :econe t 5/13/92 765*Radio Japan : Environment Phone-I n igc :econe t

**** End of Topics *** *

EcoNet News of Note for May 11-12, 1992 .

One of the topics in the conference - topic 642 EcoNet News of Note - is printed here . This topic contains information on information, in this case, a list of noteworthy topics in other APC conferences . Topic 642 EcoNet News Of Note Response 95 of 9 5 igc :econe t en .announcemen 7 :36 am May 11, 199 2

EcoNet News Of Note - May . 11 - 12, 1992 Indonesian Govt . Threatens To Strike Against NGOs Autonomy en .alert s New Conference Relating To Issues Of Biol . Diversity biodiversit y Fresh ECONEWS From Behind The Redwood Curtain ecotopia .new s Killer Bees In May Issue Of Apicultural Newsletter en .agricultur e H .R .4255 Wetlands Reform Act Alert gan .ecosystem s How To Get Publicity For Your Newsletter gen .newsletter s Real Goods Alternative Energy Sourcebook, 7th Edition greenstor e ECO Newsletters From Final INC Meeting, New York en .climat e Bay Area Progressive Directory pn .ca Survey - Meeting The Needs Of Macintosh Users micro

Watch for updated "EcoNet News Of Note" three times a week . Send your suggestions or comments to 'econet' .

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S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V A P P E N D I X 1 4

Dialogue in a computer conference . Topic 161 Chlorine risks, systems wide from user igc :ato is a response to an ongoing discussion on the effect of chlorine on the ozone layer . Any other subscriber can contribute a response, i .e. participate, in this discussion. Conf? 16 1

Topic 161 chlorine risks, systems wide igc :ato en .climate 7 :57 am May 13, 199 2

Craig, it is true that only a small amount of chlorine production goes into fluorochemicals . It is also true that it is "chlorine" which degrades ozone in the stratosphere . However , the chemistry of fluorochemicals is such that their long life and volatility enable them t o diffuse upward over a very long time period allowing the chlorine to be "presented" in a reactive form within the stratosphere, directly . The presentation of a free chlorine ion i s complex, therein . Other organochlorines which are volatile also diffuse upward but tend t o be degraded into non-reactive chlorine compounds, captured in rain or clouds, condensed o n particulates, or otherwise impeded from entering the stratosphere and thereupon reactin g with ozone . To deal with this general situation the concept of Ozone Depletion Potentia l (ODP) and chlorine loading potential (CLP) was created to rank various chlorine fluorin e compounds in significance to ozone influence over the very long term . The Montreal Protoco l and The US's Clean Air Act phaseout schedules are based upon this understanding . By the way, studies have been performed to evaluate how residual chlorine in drinking water may b e reacted with organic material in the human gut, creating small amounts of chlororgani c compounds . The risk evaluated by those studies was obviously related to chronic healt h effect from direct dose of chloro-organic, not to UV impact resulting from cumulative burp s of US citizens drinking chlorinated tap water . Likewise, chlorine is added to drinkin g water to control a very real risk of water borne disease . My point is that there are many risks and benefits to be evaluated in a human "systems" context . The stratosphere is onl y one part of the planetary system we should be looking at . Europeans tend to use ozone t o disinfect drinking water . That approach has it's own risks and benefits . But it doe s deserve examination in this context .

Announcement in a computer conference . Cultural Survival announces the airing of "Millenium : Tribal Wisdom and th e Modern World" in conference en .announcements . Topic 763 Millenium PBS - Tribal Wisdo m igc :econet en .announcement 12 :58 pm May 11, 199 2

From : Institute for Global Communications Subject : Millenium PBS - Tribal Wisdo m

Date : Mon, 11 May 92 11 :26 :08 PD T From : Cultural Survival

"Millenium : Tribal Wisdom and the Modern World", a 10-hour TV series, journeys across th e globe to tell the stories of people in 11 tribal cultures and in our own . The PBS serie s airs across the USA on Monday night, May 11 at 9 :00-11 :00 pm and on four subsequent Monday s (5/18, 5/25, 6/1, 6/8) at the same time .

Hosted by Cultural Survival founder and president, David Maybury-Lewis, "Millenium" convey s a fundamental Cultural Survival message : interchanges between the modern world an d indigenous peoples aretwo-way, and both parties can benefit in the encounter .

To coincide with the airing of this series Cultural Survival has published "At the Threshold : An Action Guide for Cultural Survival," (USD5 .00 from Cultural Survival, 53 A Church Street,Cambridge, MA 02138 (617) 495-2562) . This special issue of "Cultural Surviva l Quarterly" features activist projects and success stories, extensive resource listings , reprintable fact sheets, and profiles of the indigenous groups in "Millennium ." Maybury - Lewis has also written a companion volume, Millennium, which is available from Cultura l Survival and bookstores around the country . Other spin-offs include an in-store promotio n campaign by Body Shop International, the major underwriter of the series, and a nationa l high-school education effort developed by KCET in Los Angeles . Please contact Cultura l Survival for more information .

133 I N T E R N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E F O R S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T

134 S O U R C E B O O K O N S U S T A I N A B L E D E V E L O P M E N T V A D D I T I O N S

Dear Reader ,

Thank you for taking the time to point out omissions and to list possible additions for the next edition of the Sourcebook on Sustainable Development. These will be considered for inclusion in the next revision . Please include a complete postal address and other coordinates with the description(s) .

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With thanks . Please mail to International Institute for Sustainable Developmen t Yours sincerely, 161 Portage Avenue East - 6th Floor , Arthur J . Hanso n Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3B OY4 President & CEO Or fax: (204) 958-7710 IISD

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD ) is a private non-profit corporation established and supported by the government s of Canada and Manitoba . Its mandate is to promote sustainable development in decision making - within government, business and the daily lives of individuals . It s scope is international, in recognition of the fact that local, national and globa l development issues are interconnected and impact upon each other .

IISD believes sustainable development will require new patterns of investment and enhanced understanding of the linkage s between sustainability, competitiveness and prosperity .

These challenges require new knowledge and new ways of sharing knowledge . IISD engages in policy research and communications to meet those challenges , focusing on programs in international trade, business strategy , national budgets and new institutions to support sustainable development . The issue of poverty eradication is a fundamental theme linking IISD's research and communications .

The interconnectedness of the world's environment, economy and social fabric implies that collaborative efforts are needed to bring about changes . IISD works through and encourages the formation of partnerships t o achieve creative new approaches to the complex problems we face .

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUT E Poa scsTaI NaaLE or.~¢LOPNIEN'i. I DUNsTL, DEVELOPPE\ILNT DURABL E I

161 Portage Avenue Eas t Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B OY4 Phone : (204) 958-770 0 Fax: (204) 958-7710