Michael Greenstone
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Evidence from the Nox Budget Program†
American Economic Review 2017, 107(10): 2958–2989 https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20131002 Defensive Investments and the Demand for Air Quality: Evidence from the NOx Budget Program† By Olivier Deschênes, Michael Greenstone, and Joseph S. Shapiro* The demand for air quality depends on health impacts and defensive investments, but little research assesses the empirical importance of defenses. A rich quasi-experiment suggests that the Nitrogen Oxides NO Budget Program NBP , a cap-and-trade market, decreased ( x) ( ) NOx emissions, ambient ozone concentrations, pharmaceutical expenditures, and mortality rates. The annual reductions in pharmaceutical purchases, a key defensive investment, and mortality are valued at about $800 million and $1.3 billion, respectively, suggesting that defenses are over one-third of willingness-to-pay for reductions in NOx emissions. Further, estimates indicate that the NBP’s benefits easily exceed its costs and that NOx reductions have substantial benefits. JEL I12, Q51, Q53, Q58 ( ) Willingness to pay WTP for well-being frequently depends on factors that ( ) enter the utility function directly e.g., the probability of mortality, school qual- ( ity, local crime rates, etc. and compensatory investments that help to determine ) these factors Grossman 1972 . In a wide variety of contexts, the empirical litera- ( ) ture has almost exclusively focused on the direct effects e.g., health outcomes of ( ) these factors and left the defensive investments largely unmeasured. As examples, there has been little effort to measure: the use of medications or air filters to protect against poor air quality e.g., Chay and Greenstone 2003; Currie and Neidell 2005 ; ( ) parental expenditures on supplemental tutoring to improve educational outcomes for their children; or the costs of alarm systems and additional security to protect against crime. -
Henry Aaron, Brookings Insitution Gilbert Metcalf, Tufts University
An Open Statement Opposing Proposals for a Gas Tax Holiday In recent weeks, there have been proposals in Congress and by some presidential candidates to suspend the gas tax for the summer. As economists who study issues of energy policy, taxation, public finance, and budgeting, we write to indicate our opposition to this policy. Put simply, suspending the federal tax on gasoline this summer is a bad idea and we oppose it. There are several reasons for this opposition. First, research shows that waiving the gas tax would generate major profits for oil companies rather than significantly lowering prices for consumers. Second, it would encourage people to keep buying costly imported oil and do nothing to encourage conservation. Third, a tax holiday would provide very little relief to families feeling squeezed. Fourth, the gas tax suspension would threaten to increase the already record deficit in the coming year and reduce the amount of money going into the highway trust fund that maintains our infrastructure. Signers of this letter are Democrats, Republicans and Independents. This is not a partisan issue. It is a matter of good public policy. Henry Aaron, Brookings Insitution Gilbert Metcalf, Tufts University Joseph Stiglitz, Columbia University (Nobel Prize in Economics, 2001) James Heckman, University of Chicago (Nobel Prize in Economics, 2000) Daniel Kahneman, Princeton University (Nobel Prize in Economics, 2002) Charles Schultze, Brookings Institution (President of the American Economic Association, 1984, Chairman Council of Economic Advisers 1977-1981, Director, Bureau of the Budget, 1965-1967) Alice Rivlin, Brookings Institution (President of the American Economic Association, 1986, Director of O.M.B. -
Annual Update
NOVEMBER 2018 NEW YORK CITY 1973 NEW YORK CITY 2018 ® Index Index® By Ken Lee and Michael Greenstone Greenstone Michael and Lee Ken By Annual Update Update Annual SEPTEMBER 2021 SEPTEMBER INDEX LIFE QUALITY AIR | ® By Michael Greenstone and Claire Qing Fan, Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago Human Health, and Global Policy Twelve Facts about Particulate Air Pollution, Air Quality Life Index Introducing the Executive Summary The contrasting experiences of blue skies in polluted regions of what the future could hold. The difference between those and hazy skies in normally clean regions offer up two visions futures lies in policies to reduce fossil fuels. Over the past year, Covid-19 lockdowns shut industries down In this report, we utilize updated AQLI data to illustrate the and forced vehicles off the roads, momentarily bringing blue opportunities that countries have to allow their people to enjoy skies to some of the most polluted regions on Earth. In India, healthier and longer lives. clean air allowed some communities to view the snow-capped METHODOLOGY Himalayas for the first time in years. But on the other side of In no region of the world are these opportunities greater than The life expectancy calculations made by the AQLI are based on a pair of peer-reviewed studies, Chen et al. (2013) the world, a different story unfolded. Cities like Chicago, New South Asia, which includes four of the five most polluted and Ebenstein et al. (2017), co-authored by Milton Friedman Distinguished Service Professor in Economics Michael York, and Boston—where blue skies have been the norm for countries in the world. -
Advances in Conservation Ecology: Paradigm Shifts of Consequence for USACE Environmental Planning, Management and Conservation Cooperation
September 2018 Advances in Conservation Ecology: Paradigm Shifts of Consequence for USACE Environmental Planning, Management and Conservation Cooperation 2018-R-05 The Institute for Water Resources (IWR) is a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Field Operating Activity located within the Washington DC National Capital Region (NCR), in Alexandria, Virginia and with satellite centers in New Orleans, LA; Davis, CA; Denver, CO; and Pittsburg, PA. IWR was created in 1969 to analyze and anticipate changing water resources management conditions, and to develop planning methods and analytical tools to address economic, social, institutional, and environmental needs in water resources planning and policy. Since its inception, IWR has been a leader in the development of strategies and tools for planning and executing the USACE water resources planning and water management programs. IWR strives to improve the performance of the USACE water resources program by examining water resources problems and offering practical solutions through a wide variety of technology transfer mechanisms. In addition to hosting and leading USACE participation in national forums, these include the production of white papers, reports, workshops, training courses, guidance and manuals of practice; the development of new planning, socio-economic, and risk-based decision-support methodologies, improved hydrologic engineering methods and software tools; and the management of national waterborne commerce statistics and other Civil Works information systems. IWR serves as the USACE expertise center for integrated water resources planning and management; hydrologic engineering; collaborative planning and environmental conflict resolution; and waterborne commerce data and marine transportation systems. The Institute’s Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC), located in Davis, CA specializes in the development, documentation, training, and application of hydrologic engineering and hydrologic models. -
Identifying Agglomeration Spillovers: Evidence from Winners and Losers of Large Plant Openings
Identifying Agglomeration Spillovers: Evidence from Winners and Losers of Large Plant Openings Michael Greenstone Massachusetts Institute of Technology Richard Hornbeck Harvard University Enrico Moretti University of California, Berkeley We quantify agglomeration spillovers by comparing changes in total factor productivity (TFP) among incumbent plants in “winning” coun- ties that attracted a large manufacturing plant and “losing” counties that were the new plant’s runner-up choice. Winning and losing coun- ties have similar trends in TFP prior to the new plant opening. Five years after the opening, incumbent plants’ TFP is 12 percent higher in winning counties. This productivity spillover is larger for plants sharing similar labor and technology pools with the new plant. Con- sistent with spatial equilibrium models, labor costs increase in winning An earlier version of this paper was distributed under the title “Identifying Agglomer- ation Spillovers: Evidence from Million Dollar Plants.” We thank Daron Acemoglu, Jim Davis, Ed Glaeser, Vernon Henderson, William Kerr, Jeffrey Kling, Jonathan Levin, Stuart Rosenthal, Christopher Rohlfs, Chad Syverson, and seminar participants at several con- ferences and many universities for helpful conversations and comments. Steve Levitt and two anonymous referees provided especially insightful comments. Elizabeth Greenwood provided valuable research assistance. Any opinions and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Census Bureau. All results have been reviewed to ensure that no confidential information is disclosed. Support for this research at the Boston RDC from the National Science Foundation (ITR- 0427889) is also gratefully acknowledged. [ Journal of Political Economy, 2010, vol. 118, no. -
SILVIA HELENA BARCELLOS [email protected]
SILVIA HELENA BARCELLOS [email protected] EMPLOYMENT and POSITIONS Economist 2013-Present Dornsife Center for Economic and Social Research (CESR) University of Southern California (USC) International Research Associate, Institute for Fiscal Studies 2016-2017 Visiting Scholar, Dept. Economics, University College London 2016-2017 RCMAR Scholar, USC Minority Aging Health Economics Research Center 2012-2014 Professor of Economics, Pardee RAND Graduate School 2012-2014 Associate Economist 2009-2013 RAND Corporation, Santa Monica Office EDUCATION Princeton University, Ph.D. in Economics, 2010 Princeton University, M.A. in Economics, 2006 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio, Brazil), M.A in Economics, 2004 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio, Brazil), B.A. in Economics, 2002 University of California, Berkeley, Visiting Student, 2000-2001 FIELDS OF INTEREST Health Economics, Labor Economics, Development Economics HONORS AND AWARDS National Institute on Aging Career Development Award (K Award), 2016-2021. Albert Rees Prize for the Most Outstanding Dissertation in Labor Economics from Princeton University in Previous Six Years, 2015. Fellowship of Woodrow Wilson Scholars (Princeton University), Graduate Fellow, 2007-2009. Princeton University Graduate School Fellowship, 2004-2007. Industrial Relations Graduate Summer Research Fellowship, 2005-2006. Prize Fellowship from the Research Foundation of Rio de Janeiro State (FAPERJ), 2003-2004. Brazilian Ministry of Education Fellowship (CAPES), 2002-2003. Brazilian National Research Council Scholarship (PIBIC program, CNPq), 1998-1999. PUBLICATIONS “Knowledge as Predictor of Insurance Coverage under the Affordable Care Act.” Join with Maximiliane Hoerl, Amelie Wuppermann, Katherine Grace Carman, Sebastian Bauhoff, and Joachim Winter. Medical Care 2017, 55(4): 428-435. Silvia H. -
Ishan Brownell Nath 404-790-0361 [email protected] Ishannath.Com
Ishan Brownell Nath 404-790-0361 [email protected] ishannath.com EDUCATION University of Chicago 2014 – Present PhD Candidate in Economics Dissertation Committee: Michael Greenstone (Chair, [email protected]), Chang-Tai Hsieh ([email protected]) Pete Klenow ([email protected]) Oxford University 2012 – 2014 MPhil in Economics Stanford University 2008 – 2012 B.A. in Economics (with Honors & Distinction) B.S. in Earth Systems, Energy Science & Technology Track (with Distinction) WORKING PAPERS “A Global View of Creative Destruction,” (with Chang-Tai Hsieh and Pete Klenow) “Valuing the Global Mortality Consequences of Climate Change Accounting for Adaptation Costs and Benefits,” (with the Climate Impact Lab) “Do Renewable Portfolio Standards Deliver?” (with Michael Greenstone) WORK-IN-PROGRESS “The Food Problem and the Aggregate Productivity Consequences of Climate Change” (Job Market Paper) “The Impossible Trinity of Agriculture: Causality, Adaptation, and the Welfare Consequences of Climate Change” (with Michael Greenstone and Arvid Viaene) “Labor Supply in a Warmer World: The Impact of Climate Change on the Global Workforce,” (with the Climate Impact Lab) “The Social Cost of Global Energy Consumption due to Climate Change,” (with the Climate Impact Lab) “The Impacts of Climate Change on Global Grain Production” (with the Climate Impact Lab) AWARDS Rhodes Scholarship 2012 John G. Sobieski Undergraduate Thesis Award for Creative Thinking in Economics 2012 Stanford School of Earth Sciences Dean’s Award for Undergraduate Academic -
Alfred A. Knopf, Inc
Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.: An Inventory of Its Records at the Harry Ransom Center Descriptive Summary Creator: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. Title: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. Records Dates: 1873-1996 (bulk 1945-1980) Extent: 1526 boxes, plus art work, film, galleys, realia, and video (635.8 linear feet) Arrangement Due to size, this inventory has been divided into 20 separate units that can be accessed by clicking on the highlighted text below: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series Descriptions and Series I., Boxes 1-41.10 [Part I] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series I (continued), Boxes 41.11-141 [Part II] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series I (continued), Boxes 142-247.10 [Part III] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series I (continued), Boxes 247.11-400 [Part IV] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series I (continued), Boxes 400-500 [Part V] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series II., Boxes 501-685.2 [Part VI] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series III. - Series V. Subseries E., Boxes 685.3-839.3 [Part VII] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series V. Subseries F. - Series VI. Subseries B., Boxes 839.4-957.3 [Part VIII] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series VI. Subseries C. - Subseries F., Boxes 957.4-1172.10 [Part IX] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series VII. Subseries A. Sub-subseries 1., Boxes 1173.1-1247.5 [Part X] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series VII. Subseries A. Sub-subseries 1. (continued) - Sub-subseries 2., Boxes 1247.6-1374.1 [Part XI] Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Records--Series VII. -
An Open Letter on Expanding Access to Administrative Data for Research in the United States
An Open Letter on Expanding Access to Administrative Data for Research in the United States The aim of this letter is to express our support for the development and expansion of direct and secure access to administrative data at government agencies in the United States for scientific research. Administrative data such as tax records and the earnings and benefits records in the Social Security and Medicare systems are an extraordinarily important source of information for research on economic policies. While researchers have long used traditional survey data such as that provided by the Current Population Survey or the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to study a range of questions, these data sources have substantial limitations relative to administrative data files. Administrative records offer much larger sample sizes for analysis, as full population files are available; include a longitudinal structure that suffers less from attrition problems; and provide higher quality information with a correspondingly reduced rate of measurement error. The key challenges in permitting researchers outside the government agencies that maintain administrative records to access these data are confidentiality and security concerns. Micro-level administrative data cannot be publicly disclosed. There are three approaches to addressing confidentiality concerns while using the data for research. These approaches are differentially successful in delivering the best conditions for high quality research and, correspondingly, offer different degrees of benefits to society. (1) The most effective way to support research with administrative data is to provide secure, direct access to micro-data records stripped of individual identifiers, for example through the statistical office of the administrative agency itself. -
Amir S. Jina Curriculum Vitae
UPDATED APRIL 2016 AMIR S. JINA CURRICULUM VITAE email: [email protected] citizenship: Irish EMPLOYMENT Postdoctoral Scholar Economics Department, University of Chicago, 2014-present Energy Policy Institute of Chicago (EPIC) Fellow, 2014-present Advisor: Michael Greenstone Visiting researcher Goldman School of Public Policy, UC Berkeley, 2013-2014 EDUCATION Ph.D. Sustainable Development, Columbia University, 2014 Dissertation: Economic Development in Extreme Environments Committee: Douglas Almond, Max Auffhammer, Upmanu Lall, John Mutter, Cristian Pop-Eleches M.Phil., M.A. Sustainable Development, Columbia University, 2013 M.A. Climate and Society, Columbia University, 2009 B.A.(Mod) Mathematics (First class honours), Trinity College Dublin, 2006 B.A. Theoretical Physics, Trinity College Dublin, 2004 PUBLICATIONS & WORKING PAPERS Hsiang, S.H., and A.S. Jina. “The Causal Effect of Environmental Catastrophe on Long-Run Economic Growth: Evidence from 6,700 cyclones.” NBER working paper no. 20352. 2014. [revision requested from Journal of Political Economy] Marlier, M.E., A.S. Jina, R.S. DeFries, and P.L. Kinney. “Extreme Air Pollution in Global Megacities.” Invited review. Current Climate Change Reports. 2(1): 15-27. 2016. Guiteras, R.P., A. S. Jina, and A.M. Mobarak. “Satellites, Self-reports, and Submersion: Exposure to Floods in Bangladesh.” American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings. 105(5): 232-36. 2015. Hsiang, S.H., and A.S. Jina. “Geography, Depreciation, and Growth.” American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings. 105(5): 252-56. 2015. Houser, T., S. Hsiang, R. Kopp, M. Delgado, A. Jina, K. Larsen, M. Mastrandrea, S. Mohan, R. Muir-Wood, DJ Rasmussen, J. Rising, and P. Wilson, “Economic Risks of Climate Change: An American Prospectus.” Columbia University Press. -
Industrial Relations Section in Historical Perspective: 1922–2015
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY’S INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SECTION IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: 1922–2015 LAWRENCE DAMIAN ROBINSON 1 COVER: An image of U.S. Steel Corporation is part of a collection of photos entitled “America at Work” (presented to the Industrial Relations Section upon the opening of Firestone Library in 1948-49). Copyright © 2016 by the Industrial Relations Section ISBN 0-9773544-9-0 Designed by Laurel Masten Cantor, University creative director, Office of Communications, Princeton University Edited by Beth Chute 2 CONTENTS Forewords ..........................................................................................5 Author’s Preface .................................................................................9 Introduction ..................................................................................... 13 Foundations ..................................................................................... 17 From the Roaring ’20s to the New Deal Economy ........................... 41 The War Years .................................................................................69 J. Douglas Brown ............................................................................ 97 The Postwar Decades: From “Happy Days” to Revolution ............................................................................. 107 The 1980s and Beyond, or Back to the Future .................................141 Princeton University’s Industrial Relations Section in Historical Perspective ........................................................... -
Alexandre Mas
Alexandre Mas Industrial Relations Section Email: [email protected] Simpson International Building Princeton University Princeton, New Jersey 08544 Education: Princeton University, Ph.D., Economics, 2004 Princeton University, M.A., Economics, 2001 Macalester College, B.A., Economics and Mathematics, Magna Cum Laude, 1999 Appointments: William S. Tod Professor of Economics and Public Affairs, Princeton University, 2018-present Professor of Economics and Public Affairs, Princeton University, 2009 – 2018 Director, Industrial Relations Section, Princeton University, 2017-present Co-Director, Labor Studies Program, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017-present Affiliations: Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2009-present Affiliate, JPAL, 2017-present Research Fellow, IZA, 2011-present Editorial Responsibilities: Editor, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2017-present Co-Editor, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2013-2016 Guest Editor, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, special issue for the Henry Farber Festschrift, 2016-2017 Guest Editor, Journal of Labor Economics issue on Labor Markets after the Great Recession, 2013- 2015 Board of Editors, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2012-2013 Member of the International Editorial Board, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2015-present Associate Editor, IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2012-present International Advisory Board Member, British Journal of Industrial Relations 1 Previous Appointments and Affiliations: Visiting Scholar,