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Kanyakumari District Wi11 CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 VOLUME IX MADRAS PART X-XII DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK KANYAKUMARI VOLUMES I and II P. K. NAMBIAR of the Indian Administrative Service SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS PUBLISHED BY THE DIRECTOR OF STATIONERY AND PRINTING, MADRAS AND PRINTED AT THE UNITED PRINTERS, MADRAS-l 1966 Price: Rs. 12-00 PREFACE It bas been the policy of the Government of Madras to print and publish village statistics based on the information collected during each Census. In 1951, the Government of India offered to hand over to the State Government the Census Tables and abstracts prepared during Census and suggested that they might be printed and published along with any other useful information relating to each district. The form of the District Census Handbook was thus conceived. The State Government accepted the idea and a publication was brought out at the cost of the State Government. Each District Census Handbook consisted of two parts-Part I containing three sections, viz. General Population Tables, Economic Tables Table I, II and III of Small-Scale Industries, Summary figures of district and taluks, rural and urban statistics; and Part II containing C and D series, viz., Household and Age Tables and Social and Cultural Tables and District Occupational Abstract. A District Census Handbook was published for each district. It has been considered an important achievement of the last Census. Sri A. Mitra, Registrar-General, India, dec~ded not only to continue the series during 1961, but also to improve definitely its content, so that each District Census Handbook would contain basic economic data for the smallest administration unit in the district and be a useful reference book for scholars, Central and State Governments, Local bodies and private institutions. The proposal of widening the scope of the Census Handbook was accepted by the State Government in their G.O. Ms. No. 154, (Public Elections-II), dated the 31st" January 1961. It was also decided to publish it at the cost of the State Government. The Handbooks of all the districts are printed in two volumes except in the present case and in the case of The Nilgiris district, where the volumes have been compressed into one. The first volume contains an introductory essay on all important aspects of the district, physical features, history, people and their social condition, agriculture, industries, public health, education, irrigation, electricity and other allied topics. It contains "A" Series Tables, "B" Series, "c" Series, SCT for each taluk SC I, ST I and II and a list of fairs and festivals in the district. Statements of administrative statistics, ranging from fifty to seventy-five in number, classified under seven sections, have been included in the second volume of DistriBt Census Handbook. 1. Agciculture and Irrigation 2. Industry and Labour 3. Education 4. Public Health 5. Law ana Order 6. Communications 7. Miscellaneous. tV A new feature of the District Census Handbook is the Village Directory which replaced the rural statistics included in the previous Census series. An abstract giving a complete list of all villages and towns in each taluk in the district along with the distribution of population by sex and various categories of workers has been added. It also gives an account of the basic amenities available in each village such as educational, medical, irrigational, posts and telegraphs, communication and electrification. A village-wise list of industries classified according to the Indian Standard Industrial Classification Code and the total number of units in the different types of industry for each village, a list of fairs and festivals, an alphabetical list of villages along with their corresponding Census location code number and a statement showing the type of soil and type of terrain, sources of irrigation, important wet and dry crops and value of such lands will also be found in this volume" In addition, this book contains maps of each taluk in the district and the following interesting items: 1. Gazetteer of place names; 2. Calendar of outstanding occurrences that have influenced the district. It has been also my endeavour to include in this volume all items of information collected by the Census Organisation in the course of special studies undertaken during 1961 Census. Though the publication will be issued by the Government of Madras, the views expressed in the volume are personal and do not bind the Government. This volume containing a variety of information relating to Kanyakumari district wi11. I hope$ be useful to the general public. In keeping with the policy of the Government to make Tamil the language of adminis­ tration, the Government of Madras have decided to issue an abridged edition of District Census aandbook in Tamil. This abridgement will be done by the State Government, but they have kindly agreed to show it to me for comments before publication. In preparing this volume, I have been assisted by a large number of my staff. Special mention should be made of Sri K. C. Narayana Kurup, my Deputy Superintendent, who has assisted me in compiling and test-checking the material pieced together in this volume. I am also grateful to Sri Asok Mitra. I.C.S., Census Commissioner of India, for having made it possible to conceive of a volume like this for publication in connection with the 1961 Census. P. K. N AM B JAR, Superintendent of Census Operations. v I wish to acknowledge the able assistance gIven by the following members of my staff in the preparation and presentation of the statistics contained in this volume: Sri P. Vasudhev Tabulation Officer Sri D. Ranganathan Tabulation Officer Sri A. V. Vallinathan Statistical Assistant Sri C. K. Somasundaran Upper Division Clerk Sri C. Gangadharan Lower Division Clerk Sri K. Sambamoorthy Lower Division Clerk Sri N.· Chandran Draughtsman Sri A. Rajamani Draughtsman I also wish to place on record my appreciation of the good work done by the United Printers~ Madras, in printing this volume in record time. P. K. N AMBIAR Superintendent of Census Operations. CONTENTS PART 1 Pages Preface (iii)-(iv) Chapter I INTRODUCTION 1 -10 II CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULATION 11-21 III THE PEOPLE 22-26 IV HOUSING 27-33 V AGRICULTURE. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND FISHERIES 34-37 VI IRRIGATION AND POWER 38-43 VII EDUCATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH 44-47 VIn INDUSTRY AND TRADE 48-50 IX HANDLOOM INDUSTRY 51-52 X LOCAL ADMINISTRATION AND ELECTIONS 53-55 XI ACHIEVEMENTS UNDER FIVE-YEAR PLANS 56-60 XII TEMPLES 61-62 PART II CENSUS TABLES A SERIES-GENERAL POPULATION TABLES A I Area, houses and population- Fly leaf 67 Table 69 Appendix 1-1951 Territorial units constituting the present set up of Kanyakumari District 70 Sub-Appendix to Appendix I-Area for 1951 and 1961 for those municipal towns which have undergone changes in area since 1951 Census 70 Appendix II-Number of villages with a population of 5,000 and over and towns with a population under 5,000 70 Appendix Ill-Houseless and Institutional Population ,71 A II Variation in population during sixty years­ Fly leaf 72 Table 73 A III Villages classified by population­ Fly leaf 74 Table 75 A IV Towns (and Town-groups) classified by population in! 961 with variation since 1941- Fly leaf 76-77 Table 78 viii Pages B SERIES-GENERAL ECONOMIC (B I-B IX) AND HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC (B X-B XVII) TABLES (i) GENERAL ECONOMIC TABLES Preliminary Note ... 81 B I Workers and Non-workers classified by sex and broad age-grou~s- Fly leaf 82 Table 83-84 BIll Industrial classification of Workers and Non-workers by educational levels in Urban and Rural Areas- Fly leaf 85 Part A-Table for Urban Areas 86-87 Part B-Table for Rural Areas 88-90 B IV Industrial classification of Persons at work other than cultivation by sex and class of workers- Fly leaf ... Part A-Table for workers at Household Industry 92-94 Part B-Table for workers in Non-Household Industry, Trade, Business, . Profession or Service 95-101 Part C-Table for workers in Household Industry, Non-Household Industry, Trade, Business, Profession or Service ... 102-121 B V Occupational classification by sex of persons at work other than cultivation­ Fly leaf 122 Table, 123-157 Appendix (National classification of occupations) • 158-167 B VI Occupational divisions of persons at work other than cultivation classified by sex, broad age-groups and educational levels in urban areas only- Fly leaf 168 Table 169-176 B VII Fly leaf 177 Part A Table for Persons working principally (i) as Cultivators, (ii) as Agricultural l~bourers or (iii) at Household Industry classified by sex and by Secondary work (i) at Household Industry, (ii) as Cultivator or (iii) as Agricultutll Labourer 17~ Part B Industrial classification by sex of pers6ns working in Non-Household Industry, Trade, Business Profession or Service who are also engaged in Household Industry 179-180 ix Pages B VIII Persons unemployed aged 15 and above by sex, broad age-groups and educational levels in Urban and Rural areas- Fly leaf 181 Part A-Table for Urban Area 182-183 Part B-Table for Rural Areas 184 B IX Persons not at work cl~ssified by sex, broad age-groups and type of activity- Fly leaf 185 Table 186-188 (ii) HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC TABLES Notes on Household Economic Tables ... 191-197 Appendix-Selected local rights on land in Kanyakumari District 198-199 B X Sample Households (i) Engaged neither in Cultivation nor Household Industry (ii) engaged either in Cultivation or Household Industry but not in both and (iii) engaged both in Cultivation and Household Industry for all areas- Fly leaf 200 Table
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