FLEETWOOD PROGRESS
FOUNDED 18 7 2
The L.S.E. RANGE includes : Standard A.C. & D.C. Motors in all enclosures and ratings ; Variable speed equipments, A.C. & D.C. Motors for mines, cranes, mill auxiliaries, etc. Marine Motors, electric Cargo Winches, electrical equipment for steering gear. Generators, Alternators, Welding generators. Control Gear. Precision electro mechanical Instruments, etc. The machine illustrated' is an “ E M C O L ” squirrel cage motor in the industrial range.
“ EM CO L” The patented “ EMCOL” cooling system enables L.S.E. to build totally enclosed machines of practically any required output. Particularly valuable when outputs of several hundred horse-power are required, the advantages of its efficiency are also o f importance for smaller machines. This cooling system can be applied to practically all L.S.E. motors which may be required to work in dirty situations or where the atmosphere is very damp or charged with harmful vapours. LAURENCE, SCOTT «& ELECTROMOTORS LIMITED Electrical Engineers since 18 8 3. Norwich & M anchester ii E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945
THERE HE STANDS—symbol of authority in an orderly World — controlling — directing — obeyed because absolutely trustworthy and reliable. What a fitting comparison with BIRCH RESISTANCES, Arms of the Ohm's Law. Backed by many years of practical experience in which their reliability has been tested under all conditions, BIRCH RESISTANCES, in their various applications, stand up to their job and can always be*depended upon to provide specified service because of their first-class workmanship
Please call upon us to help you solve any R e s i s t a n e e Resistances May we quote you for any of the following :—■ DIMMERS — REGULATORS (Field, Shunt, Voltage) — RESISTANCES (Arc Lamp, Charging, Regulating, Sliding) — RHEOSTATS — ELEMENTS and SPIRALS. ASBESTOS WOVEN RESISTANCE NETS AND GRIDS
H. A. BIRCH & CO. LTD., Wilohm Works, Wood Street, WILLENHALL, STAFFS. Telegrams : " w i l o h m ' ’ Wlllenhall. Telephone : Wlllenhall 494-495 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 1 hard lines on hard water Because we do not consider the acquisition of “ Fur Coats” conducive to the welfare of ElectricWater Heaters, we are developing the use of Monel for ALL Heatraes as soon as possible, thus ensuring yet greater“ Intestinal Fortitude ” —known vulgarly by a more concise word. Monel is better able to with stand the ravages of hard water ; any scale deposit is more easily removed and no re-tinning is necessary because Monel need not be tinned.
leaders in eleclric water healers
HEATRAE LTD.. NORWICH PHONE : NORWICH 25131 GRANS HEATRAE, NORWICH
i, i IS IT ALIVE? THE “ PARTRIDGE ” PRESSURE FOR WIRELESS DETECTOR AND SIMILAR A WIDE RANGE OF CONNECTIONS SIZES IN STOCK (Regd. T.M. No. B.58I955) will infallibly tell you, giving visible and audible indication ROSSCOURTNEY&Co.Ltd. F(No earth connection required) ASHBROOK ROAD, LONDON, N.I9
Range Le ngth T ype “THIS unit suffered in the 1940 Blitz on London. It was controlling street bollard lighting at the time and was still electrically sound afterwards. We do not recommend the treatment however, but we do recommend our very robust street lighting control system to your urgent attention. Full details will gladly be sent upon request. STREET LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEMS Advertisement of Standard Telephones and Cables Limited, New Southgate, London, N.l I 3 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w The nation has been called upon, once more, to exercise its demo cratic privilege in the selection of its Goverment, and that the choice will prove a wise one is undoubted. Equally sound judgment is consistently reflected in the huge dem and for HIGGS MOTORS to power the nation’s industries. Birmingham, Bristol, Dundee, Glasgow, London, Manchester Nottingham, Peterborough, Sheffield, Wolverhampton. 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 Ensign Lamps conform in all respects to rigid B.S.I. specifications. In other words, they are superlatively good lamps— as good as lamps can b e ; there's none better Yet they offer definite price advantages. Well worth while enquiring from your Wholesaler or direct before London (North): Clay Hill, Bushey, Watford. Herts. Birmingham 1: 40 & 42 Summer Row. London (South)-10. Kingston Hill. Kingston on Thames. Leeds 1 : Wellington Street. Glasgow C2: 42 York Street. Surrey. Cardiff • 50 Bridge Street. Manchester 4: 20 Swan Street N. Ireland: 38 Bedford Street. Belfast. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 5 HEAVY SWITCHGEAR 132,000 volts, 1,500,000 KVA. Rupturing Capacity. Three-pole Oil Circuit Breaker as supplied to the Central Electricity Board, and Overseas. Illustration shows a substation of a Hydro-electric power scheme in India. BTH VILLESDEN JH E BRITlSH-TtfOMSON-HOUSTON_COMPANY_LIMITED. W1LLESDEN. ENCLAN&' 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 5 0 0 * 7 5 0 MVA 3 3 -kV SWITCHGEAU IN 4'- 9" PANEL-CENTPES reyrolle HEBBURN-ON-TYNE ENGLAND July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w Built by B.E.I . . . a 45,000 kVA ‘Grid’ transformer. B.E.T. have supplied over 3,000,000 kVA of transformers to the C.E.B. L a r g e a n d s m a l l users of transformers find B.E.T.’s exceptional experience and technical resources to be invaluable in arriving at efficient and reliable designs. T h e British Electric Transformer Company Limited In association with CROMPTON PARKINSON LIMITED ELECTRA HOUSE VICTORIA EMBANKMENT LONDON, W.C. 2 E l e c t r ic a l R ev ie w July 13, 1945 SCALEand FUR on KETTLES WATER-HEATERS 'T'HE famous ‘ Winged Victory,’ that price- ETC. less piece of sculpture, in the Louvre, can now be viewed during hours of darkness removed harmlessly thanks to “ Pyrotenax” M.I. Cables. So oijr reference is ‘ Victory over fire danger ’ for it in a short period was fear of fire which caused the Louvre authorities consistently to refuse to install SIMPLY A D D artificial lighting—until “ Pyrotenax” made it perfectly safe. “ Pyrotenax” Cables consist solely of copper “ Fur-offit” and a mineral insulant and are inherently fire- resistant ; but more important they cannot to the hot water in the utensil cause fire. Their tough seamless copper sheath and the mixture does the rest needs no protection, it will withstand gross ill-usage without loss of efficiency, and renders QUANTITIES OF APPLIANCES the cable immune to damage by oil, water, CAN BE TREATED IN A BATH condensation or prolonged overload. . . OF THE LIQUID . . “ Pyrotenax” Cables are easily bent to any shape, are readily adaptable to all standard electrical fittings, are extremely simple to install. S A V E F U E L “ Pyrotenax ” Cables, which are to I.E .E . by regulations, are supplied with single or multiple cores in a wide range of current using scalefree utensils ratings. Further information on request. LOW TENSION CABLING Send P.O. for 1,6 for sample bottle including postage and packing FOR LIGHTING AND POWER DRAKE & GORHAM WHOLESALE LTD. 77 L O N G A C R E , L O N D O N , W .C .2 Telephone : TEMple Bar 3993 M ANCHESTER—29 Piccadilly. BRIGHTO N—24 Marlborough Place. PYROTENAX LTD., HEBBURN, Co. DURHAM G L A S G O W — 182 St. V incent Street. Telephone : Hebburn 32244/5 BRISTOL— 2 & 4 Church Street, Temple. DUBLIN—2 Church Lane, College Green. LONDON OFFICE: : 7 Victoria Street, S.W .I Telephone : ABBey 1654 Midland Representative : BIRMINGHAM OFFICE : 2 Moor Street, Birmingham 4 W . Js BOW ER, 184 Jockpy Road, Sutton Coldfield Telephone: Midland 1265 G D .I5 July 13, 1945 E lf.c t r ic a l R ev iew 9 W ith the B.I. Detachable Fused Tee Box a safe, flexible and economical system of power supply at almost any position is possible. • It solves problems arising from changing machine shop layout due to new production demands. • It will facilitate the change-over from war to post-war production layout. • Supply points can be inserted at any point in the cable run to suit machine shop layouts. • The Box is for use with conduit systems or other standard wiring. • Assembly comprises top cable chamber and detachable fused tee box. • Tee box provides fuse protection for the branch circuit. • Installation is economical and simple and can be arranged at any height or level. Taken over by BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER’S CABLES LTD. Regd. Office : 103 Mount Street, London, W.l 10 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 PLANNED Street Lighting for PEACE J u l y 1 5 ! After nearly six years, the lights go up again ! Eleco’s 40 years’ experience is at your disposal and a com plete range of Fittings proved i n service for Tungsten, Mer cury and Sodium Discharge Lamps will be available. Catalogue o n request. ENGINEERING & LIGHTING EQUIPMENT CO. LTD DEPT. W.S., SPHERE WORKS, ST. ALBANS, HERTS. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v iew 11 f y e e u y u d ó i TRANSFORMERS Ferranti Large High Voltage* Generator Transformers are de signed on facts con firmed by full-scale practical tests. In 1935 a Ferranti Generator Transform er of 80,000 kVA 66 kV was tested to des truction by a series of 14 full-scale short circuit tests. A typical oscillogram showing 1,420,000 maximum instantane ous kVA (720,000 kVA sym- ■ The 80,000 kVA transformer metrical r.m.s. value.) used for the test. The forerunner of 5-80,000 kVA and 2-87,000 kVA 1 1 /66 kV generator trans formers for the London Power A/VVV Company (BatterseaGenerating Y-B Gen. Term. Volti 1170 V/mi Station). Sec. B—634 A/mm LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS supplied by Ferranti------Over 9,000,000 kVA for voltages 33 kV and above Over 6,000.000 kVA for voltages 66 kV and above FERRANTI 1? HOLL1N WOOD * LANCS. LONDON OFFICE: KERN HOUSE KINGSWAY W.C.2. 12 E l e c t r ic a l R e v iew July 13, 1945 M M O NE of our most thrilling experiences was when one Friday during the first year of War, we received a message to “ stand by” and await a visit from high-standing Govern ment officials. They arrived in the evening and brought with them details of a special task which had to be completed in 72 hours. It seemed impossible. Yet the job was done and delivered before time. Perhaps we were fortunate. The same machin ery that made Wire Rope, Wire, Hemp Cordage and Canvas for peacetime purposes was immediately available to supply similar products for war. Armed with added experience we are ready now to play our part in the repair of a shattered world. BRITISH ROPES LIMITED MAN U FACT UP £ ft $ OF WIRE HEAD OFFICE: DONCASTER ftO P t • WIRE • HEMP OFFICES WORKS £ STORES C O O O ACC A N D CANVAS THROUGHOUT GREAT BRITAIN July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 13 This machine has an enemy— Vibration is the enemy this machine rubber bushes in Harland couplings to an successfully keeps under control—vibra accuracy of 1/ 2000"—that is l/3rd the tion which would result from an ill- thickness of a cigarette paper, and the matched coupling between driving and holes are accurately spaced to 1 sec. of driven members, with con a degree, which may equal sequent distortion and 1 /7th the thickness of a unbalanced loading. paper—a typical example We pride ourselves that of the importance we attach we have no cause to fear to ensuring dimensional that this enemy will get the accuracy. upper hand, and for his permanent dis Summarising — you cannot beat a comfiture we employ a jig borer world- Harland Pump driven by a Harland Motor famous for dimensional accuracy through a Harland Coupling for reliability This machme bores the holes for and long trouble-free life. MANUFACTURERS OF ELECTRIC AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY THE HARLAND ENGINEERING C 0. LT D. A L L 0 A. S C OT L A N 14 E l e c t r ic a l R e v iew July 13, 1945 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 15 STEEL CONDUIT Plain, Screwed, Welded, and Solid Drawn. Finishes :—Black Enamelled, Galvanised and Sherardised. CONDUIT FITTINGS Malleable Iron and Pressed Steel for all requirements. StbcAs at a/l £ & £ , Advt. of The General Electric Co. Ltd., Magnet House, Kingsway, London, W.C .2 16 E l e c t r ic a l R ev ie w July 1?, 1945 Outstanding Installation Accessories in the TUCKER range ^ I r T I T A I N SHOCKPRqffg LAMPHOLDERS with Solid Plungers and Reinforced Liners Designed to the same high standards as TUCKER TITAN switches these TITAN SHOCKPROOF LAMPHOLDERS are widely installed for service usage necessitating robust mechanical construction and high electrical efficiency. 1. H. TIKHER & (0. ITD„ Kings Rd„ Tystley, Birmingham II Makers of First Grade Electrical Accessories for 50 Years July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w VARNISHED COTTON SLEEVING VARNISHED SILK SLEEVING PLASTIC SLEEVING ft TUBING REINFORCED PLASTIC SLEEVING METAL SCREENING AND METAL SCREENED SLEEVING CUFLEX from smallest to largest diameters INSULATING SLEEVING SUFLEX LTD., AINTREE ROAD, PERIYALE, GREENFORD, MIDDX. PERivale 4467 3960 B 18 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 fóoit-U /ćLt ELECTRIC COOKERS * I 0 2 '2 - C I ELEXCEL LTD -VICTOR WORKS - BROAD OREEN - LIVERPOOL- July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R f v if w 19 Extra starting torque ? • • Here is your motor. Where you have a drive demanding extra the same if you required other special char* starting effort, you may think it difficult acteristics. Parkinson Flow Production has to obtain a suitable motor. That is until made it possible to offer a standard range of you look into the Parkinson standard over 2,000 types which includes many that range of A.G. motors. There you will find the you usually expect to have specially made. Parkinson “ Tork”— a motor with just that The Parkinson A.C. Motor Service can extra starting torque required. It would be save you a great deal of time and money. 2 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 and Dielectric Compounds to Government Specifications—for # CONDENSERS # CABLES # TRANSFORMERS # C O IL S A.LD. AND C.I.E.M.E. TYPE APPROVED FOR ARCTIC AND TROPICAL CONDITIONS. USED AND RECOM MENDED FOR SERVICE COMPONENTS. ASTOR BOISSELIER & LAWRENCE LTD- SALES DEPT. fa o i/fe ^ lah a ^ ri' NORFOLK HOUSE, NORFOLK STREET, Have you noticed that slight reflex action of STRAND, LONDON, W.C.2 the large hands of certain big clocks? This Telephone : Temple bar 5927 is due to the engaging and disengaging of the escapement causing “recoil.” Honest George G raham ’s invention in 1715, the amazingly simple dead beat escapement, practically eliminated this fault, proving so efficient that it is used for high class clocks to this day. He improved, too, the time keeping of clocks by introducing mercury into the pendulum bob; when heat caused the pendulum to lengthen and slow the clock down, the mercury expanded and rose in its tube, so counteracting this effect. H.O. FUSE UNITS. S-10 Amps., 250-500 Volts. PLUG IN TO GREENWICH TIME SWITCH & FUSEGEAR, r r j'ir a a&lAt Xvdtc/ In tytecidiOIl ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES, LIGHTING FITTINGS, be in ^j&rrumd ______Etc. afteA the K^a/i. (VERB. William McGEOCH & C°- Ltd- Scientific O & N SB Warwick Works, BIRMINGHAM, 10 also GLASGOW and LONDON July 13, 1945 Electrical Review 21 By means of a photometer, fittings are tested in the laboratory and the resulting light distribution recorded on curves. From these curves can be calculated the illumination which would be provided. Holophane laboratories have been doing this work for very many years, compiling the data on which Holophane lighting schemes are planned and making sure of that accuracy of light control which Holophane always maintain. Write to Holophane for help concerning your lighting. HOLOPHANE LIMITED ELVERTON STR E ET, * LON DON, S.W.I V lCtoria 8 0 6 2 (4 lines) July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 23 COMPRESSION CABLE SINGLE-CO! LF-CONTAINED S P A C E F O R UNDER PRESSURE ENFIELD builds the first 132 - kV CO M PR ESSIO N CA B LE 0’4 sq. in. Single-Core Self-Contained 90 H.YJL 3-Phase. 394 Amperes. External gas pressure giving a com pound-filled gas-free dielectric. ENFIELD CABLES LIMITED Brimsdown, Middlesex Telephone: Howard 2661 (10 lines) : 4 t ü c r a j C A L R ev TT» J d ? 13. 1945 E L E C T R I C FTRMÍES for Hardening ARISH A n n ealin g J o r Tem pering ELECTRIC FIRES & APPLIANCES GRAHAM FARISHITD. B r o m l e y • k e n t V I * INSTRUMENT K - SPECIALISTS IN THE CESIBN ANO CONSTRUCTION Of u -c6 /l fadA ctú&cA- MUT TROPICAL ( À J Ù U lf - WRINGER ELEBTRlC.il WEASlRiHe « SlfflO T S UNIVERSAL ^ ß ö i f e M à ¿AÇtStS& U AÇ (ù lm tju lted ce íO ohbó - ßuM uC e// ~ 5/2/ ■ 5/22 - 5201 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 2 5 BRONZ LANGLEY ALLOYS LTD. LANGLEY . BUCKS Equip your electrically driven machine* with the “ right ” control gear — IGRANIC, which will give positive protection to motor and machine and keep them working to secure maximum production. Illuatration shows IGRANIC Control Panel for Holst motion of 6-ton Slab Chargor for Steel Mill. IGRANIC ELECTRIC C9LTP BEDFORD 6 LONDON 26 E lectrical Review July ^ 1 WATERWORKS PUMPING PLANT he illustration shows a part of an installation at the Cosford Pumping Station of the Wolverhampton Corporation. TIn the foreground will be seen one of the two vertical well pumps installed, each designed to deliver water from a well at a rate of discharge varying from 2-0 to 2-65 m.g.p.d. and from a depth varying from III to 142 feet below the top water level of the mixed water sump. The two pumps are installed in a 12 feet diameter well and are suspended from the well head by 144 feet of I6£ in. internal diameter rising main, the underside of the suction strainer being approximately 156 feet from the motor base. Each well pump is a two-stage turbine pump driven by a B.T.H. vertical commutator motor, operated on a 3-phase, 50-cycles, 400-volt supply and having a continuous rating of I 15 b.h.p. at 970 r.p.m. Speed control is provided over a range of from 970 to 740 r.p.m. The drive is transmitted from the motor to the pump by an internal transmission shaft, supported in lignum vitas water-lubricated bearings, and the thrust bearing is a Michell bearing of the self- lubricating type. Automatic devices are fitted to shut down the pumps in the event of failure of the lubricating water supply to the bearings. • In the background will be seen two vertical river water pumping sets each capable of delivering from 0-5 to 2 0 m g p d. from a raw river water sump to the sedimentation tanks of the filtration plant against pressure heads ranging from 26 to 30 feet above the level of the sump. The pumps are 8 in vertical double-suction pumps, each driven by a B.T.H. vertical slip-ring motor operating on a 3-phase, 50-cycle, 400-volt supply and continuously rated at 26 b.h.p. at 970 r.p.m. A speed range of from 970 to 740 r.p.m. is obtained by rotor resistance to suit the range of quantity and head. The plant is housed in a building formerly equipped with machinery of another type. A neat and pleasing arrange ment has been secured and the plant is highly efficient. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 27 INDUCTION INSTRUMENTS IgfeXT gfcs Modern instruments for Modern Switchboards— Induction ammeters, voltmeters, watt-meters, power* factor meters, frequency meters and synchroscopes—all available in round sector and edgewise cases which are uniform in appearance and dimensions with “Metrovick” moving iron, moving cbil and dynamometer instruments. Outstanding features > i f Long, clear scale«. i f Robust movements, i f 1st grade accuracy. G /Y 4 0 I ELECTRICAL — , TRAFFORD PARK Descriptive leaflets will be sent on reQuest. IMPROVE YOUR LIGHTING in consultation with METROVICK’S ILLUMINATING ENGINEERS 28 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 \ One girl n can A t last... quickly move this load “ GAS-TAP ” CONTROL OF ELECTRIC HOT-PLATES Instantly set at any point between zero and full load, the SIMMER- STAT “ all-heat ” hot-plate switch provides “ gas-tap ” control, ideal if you “ electrify” your haulage for all simmering operations. No waste of current and fitted in a few minutes in place of the usual 3-heat switch. Price complete 17/6 (subject). Write to-day for full details. The with SIMMERSTAT Continuously Variable Hot-Plate Control ELECTRICAR Developed, patented and d istributed only by— Sunvic Controls Ltd., Stanhope House, INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS Kean St., London, W.C.2 CROMPTON PARKINSON LTD Sales Office : Electra House, Victoria Embankment, W .C T A S S C 7 2 A MANUFACTURING SERVICE tor the production of articles from PLASTIC MATERIALS (Including Rubbar and S)mthatic Rubbar) We offer a comprehensive service for the production ef certain plastics required for priority work. You are invited to submit particularsof yourrequirements. THE MOTOR WITH A MARGIN LOPIVAL FLATHERiC'L" PLASTICS 10, Bfyÿûk, Jjttdó 1, SnçLnd. u m “a"!,1," PHONES 20778-9 GRAMS&CABŁES:TU3CHC0YLEEDS' num. ruwwam i n U u m ) . HTLI u v n July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 29 Do you use "distilled" water? Permutit " Dem inrolit" Process cuts cost as much as 95% ANALYSES OF WATER BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT BY PERMUTIT ‘DEMINROLIT’ PLANTS IN COMMERCIAL USE, (Note-All figures in parts per 100,000.) |]z IfO Plant No 1 No. 2 . 3 Water Crude Treated Crude Treated Crude Treated Cations Calcium Ca 3.2 - 9.4 - 10.7 - Magnesium Mg 0.8 - 0.36 - 1.09 - Sodium Na 0.46 0.23 1.0 0.31 1.66 0.44 Total 4.46 0.23 10.76 0.31 13.45 0.44 t Anions Carbonate C0j 4.2 0.24 12.4 0.29 10.5 0.57 Chloride Cl 1.8 0.06 2.5 0.12 2.84 0.30 Sulphate so« 1.35 - 3.48 0.03 11.95 - Nitrate n o 3 -- - - 1.15 - Total 7.35 0.30 18.38 •0.44 26.44 0.87 Total ions in solution 11.81 0.53 29.14 0.75 39.89 1.31 COST per 1000 gallons 5 22d 9 .83d 16.5d The table shows the composition of some types of water before and after treatment by Permutit’s “ Deminrolit ” Process. Water similar to a distillate is produced by this process at a fraction of the cost. Where distilled water was too expensive you can afford “ Deminrolit ” water. The process has been in practical use in Great Britain for over 7 years. Write for technical publication “ Distilled Water without Distillation ” to P E R M U T I T Company Limited Dept. T.W., Gunnersbury Avenue, London, W.4. Chiswick 6431 30 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 P O ST-W A R reconstruction will call for copper in large quantities. Ample supplies will be available, both for old- established uses and for those resulting from the great wartime advances in technical development. Let copper co operate in your future plans. Whatever your requirements the C.D.A. will be glad to give you technical information and assistance, entirely free of charge. COPPER DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION A non-trading organization, maintained by the British Copper Industry to supply information and expert advice, free, to all users of copper GRAND BUILDINGS,TRAFALGAR SQ., LONDON, W.C.7 and 9 Bikon Road, Rugby. London Telephone : Abbey 2677 J u ly 13, 1945 ELECTRtCAL R e v ie w 31 Back terminal pro jectin g pattern with HIS new range of 4" and 6" round pattern insfruments in back fixing. T pressed steel cases em bodies the latest practice in instrument Back terminal pro jecting pattern with construction. The movements are spring controlled and are front fixing. mounted on spring urged jew elled bearings. Each instrument has an Back terminal flush pattern. individually calibrated and mechanically reproduced scale, the Front terqriinal pro clearness and legibility of which are features of Evershed instru je c tin g pattern with front fixing. ments. All the instruments com ply with the requirements of British Controller pattern. Standard Specification No. 89 for First G rade instruments and each b " ammeters and voltmeters only. carries a 12-months Guarantee. For lull particulars write lor List 5 197 EVERSHED & VIGNOLES LTD., CHISWICK, LONDON, W.4 REGISTERED * M E G G E R * TRADE MARK ELECTRICAL TESTING INSTRUMENTS Insulation Testers, Resistance Testers, Earth Testers, Switchboard and Portable Indicating and Recording Instruments, Apparatus for Remote Indication and Control, etc. TELEPHONE: CHISWICK 1 3 7 0 Tflf CM M 5 MEGGER.' CHISK. LONDON 5-33<*' Electrical Review M y ^ 4 5 ■% JT * . I lFLUXOMATIC THE NEW CHARCINC SYSTEM! Railway Engineers and all users of traction Batteries have, for many years, sought a battery charging system that is autom atic in operation. The Davenset Fluxomatic System has provided the a n s w e r. W ithout manual control, a constant pre-determined current is m aintained against a rising battery voltage. The advantages of these features, coupled w ith a reduction in the re The charging rate, having been pre-set, is unaffected charging tim e, w ill be by normal mains fluctuations, and the regulation of battery users, and we the charge currant is entirely autom atic, irrespective send full particulars and of the battery voltage. application. ' MANU DAVEN! McKechnie Non-Ferrous Ingots are uniform in composition and therefore easier to melt and handle. Produced by a perfect plant under constant supervision to the correct analysis, the McKechnie range of Non-Ferrous Ingots covers the entire need of the Brass Foundry. McKechnie Chill Cast Bars are closer in structure than Sand Cast Bars and possess greater homo geneity and resistance with an absence of segre gation. They are clean, concentric and sound. Apart from the saving on tool costs and labour which r“it-V.rally Allows the use of Chill Cast as against Sand cast Bars the saving in scrap and turnings is very considerable. “if M'KECHNIE BRO/. l I0 Brass, Aluminium Bronzes & High Strength Brass Rods, Stampings & Non-Ferrous Ingot Meta/ Man f — ,âcturçrs ROTTON PARK STREET, BIRMINGHAM 16 „ Ji Localised lighting is being used more and more because it concentrates full light intensity only where it is wanted. It saves current. M.E.M. Localised Lighting does more. By using the “ Memlo ” Low Voltage Transformer with “ Memlite ” Lighting Fittings, lamps of 12, 25 or 50 volts may be used. These lamps stand vibra separate circuit. “ Memlite ” Fittings tion far better, so the lamp bill is can be obtained in two or three arm, reduced, too. At the same time safety light or heavy p atterns, with or without is increased. Even 400 /440-volt the Memlo Unit incorporated. supplies may safely be used for ▼ k Full particulars will be sent localised lighting without a on request. Write for List 252. LOCALISED LIGHTING MIDLAND ELECTRIC M A N U F A C T U R I N G C O LTD., TYSELEY, BIRMINGHAM, 11 Specialists in the manufacture of Switch, Fuse and Motor ConiYoi Q ear London Showrooms and Stores : 21-22 Rathbone Place, London, W 1 Manchester Showrooms and Stores : 48-50 Chapel Street, Salford, 3 34 E l e c t r ic a l R evtew July 13, 1945 Study this bomb-load pre-selector Moulding by Merriott Mouldings Ltd. E x c e p t for the metal cover it is moulded entirely from Bakelite Moulding material X 20/ 5HD. No fewer than 24 metal inserts are successfully incorporated in the base and the letters and numbers in the contact discs are moulded in and not engraved. Apart from the immense saving in production time thus effected, its great advantage over previous types is that IT SAVES OVER 2} LB. IN WEIGHT BAKELITE EDITORIAL, ADVERTISING & PUBLISHING OFFICES : Dorset House, Stamford St., London, S.E.I Telegraphic Address : “ Ageekay, Sedist, London.” Code : ABC. Telephone No. : Waterloo 3333 (35 lines). Registered at G.P.O. as a Newspaper and Canadian Magazine rate of postage. Entered as Second Class Matter at the New York, U.S.A., Post Office. Annual Subscription, Post free : British Isles, £2 7s. 8d. ; Canada, £2 3s. 4d. ; Elsewhere, £2 5s. 6d. Cheques and Postal Orders (on Chief Office, London) to be made payable to ELECTRICAL REVIEW LTD., and crossed ” Lloyds Bank.” SÎÉMË EARTH LEAKAGE![CIRCUIT BREAKERS 30 Amps. 500 Volts A.C. 50 Cycles DOUBLE POLE Complying with B.S. Specification All-Insulated 842— 1939 Leaflet No. 155 sent on application SIEMENS ELECTRIC LAMPS AND SUPPLIES LIMITED 38-39 UPPER THAM ES STREET, LO N D O N , E.C.4 36 E l e c t r ic a l R ev ie w July 13, 1945 " INK' -LL GRAPHERS maintain their Leadership with the following exclusive features: • A roll chart, constant ink supply and synchronous motor drive ensure almost automatic operation. • Chart driving mechanism is a self-contained - unit, hinged on one side to facilitate the changing of charts. • Unique inking mechanism secures accuracy and sensitiveness. • The ink supply is self-adjusting. • Evenly divided charts for alternating and direct current. • Synchronous records on all graphic instruments assured by Syndock motor drive. • They comply with British Standard Specification 90. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE SHEET 300 EVERETT EDGCUMBE C O L IN D A L E W O R K S LO N D O N , N.W .9 Telephone : COLINDALE 6045 Manufacturers of all kinds of indicating and rocordinf electrical instruments. Phot©m%t r y e x p e r ts E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w TH E O LD EST ELEC T R IC A L PAPER - ESTABLISHED 1872x5/- Vol. C X X X V II. No. 3529. JU LY 13, 1945 9d. W E E K LY Provision of Appliances Post-War Hire and Hire-Purchase THEN the Electricity Commissioners’ attractive prices to the holders. Moreover Committee on the subject of hire in 1942 the Electricity Commissioners, andW hire-purchase reported in 1930 it said among other restrictions, announced that it had found that only half of the they would not sanction further loans or authorised electricity undertakings had expenditure from revenue for hire and made schemes available to their con hire-purchase schemes. sumers. There were, however, other Now there is a possibility of an early organisations which enabled consumers return to normal development it becomes to acquire appliances by hire-purchase necessary for supply authorities to give methods. The Committee thought that serious consideration to the revival of their all undertakings should provide on hire hire and hire-purchase schemes, loans or hire-purchase heavy-current equipment, for which the Commissioners will now such as cookers, water heaters, fires and approve, as mentioned in last week’s wash-boilers, and that other appliances Electrical Review. They find themselves should be available on hire-purchase. up against a dual cost problem. Not It pointed out the importance of this in only will the prices of appliances be increasing output and improving load generally higher on account of rises in factor. the cost of labour and materials, the Another very relevant consideration, increase will be accentuated by the although the Committee did not mention existence of the purchase tax—33i on the it, was the fact that most gas undertakings wholesale price for cooking and heating had adopted hire and hire-purchase equipm ent. methods and the electricity supply industry could therefore not afford to neglect the Revision of Charges subject. This will involve a revision of charges, but while these must be economic they Wartime Handicaps must still be low enough to attract the By the outbreak of the war the situation public. The position would be greatly had improved considerably and most eased by the lifting of the tax and essential undertakings had schemes of some kind. household appliances should surely be one The war brought a drastic curtailment of of the first classes to be relieved- In the appliance production and movement of meantime many undertakings are unable population which virtually put an end to definitely to determine their policy in this a large number of schemes, although some matter, although as a recent E.D.A. of them continued to run on the stocks of questionnaire (dealt with on another page) equipment left in hand. Some under has revealed, many others are going takings, faced with this situation and ahead, purchase tax or no purchase tax. finding it increasingly difficult to repair It is noted that 190 of the 349 undertakings and maintain appliances, sold them at which replied to the questions stated their 42 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w J u ly \ 3, I 945 intention to institute (or resume) both hire it will meet requirements. In view of the and hire-purchase schemes, 26 hire schemes urgency, it seems probable that the new and 95 hire-purchase. Only two have clauses will be issued as interim amend decided to adopt neither, while 36 have ments to the Eleventh Edition. not yet arrived at any decision. A k i n d r e d p resen t T he revised General Safety and activity referred to in the Quarries Regulations (S.R. & O. Excellence foreword is the drawing 1233) governing the use of up of basic safety regula electricity in quarries made in 1938 did not tions of a kind that could be made immediately apply to the construction of mandatory if such a course were later cables and apparatus in use before July 1st considered to be in the public interest. of that year, if they complied with earlier For this the existing I.E.E. Wiring Regu requirements. This exemption was to lations would be unsuitable as they go a hold good until July 1st, 1945, but it has good way beyond prescribing minimum now been made permanent in respect of safety requirements. The level of attain such installations by S.R. & O. 1945 No. ment they enjoin is probably comparable 767. The exemption related to con with that which will be found in the structions (or adaptations) that conformed projected Code of Practice for the Electrical to prior regulations. It contained no Equipment of Buildings, which is intended reference to regulations relating to opera to be a guide to installation work on a tion and maintenance, which have in all higher plane than is required for bare cases to be observed. safety. At the same time the need to I t is constantly being take account of possible changes in installa Fluorescent asked why only one size of tion practice as time goes on has evidently Lamps fluorescent tube is avail been borne in mind by the responsible able in this country, and co m m itte e. that too large for domestic use, while in Steam pressures of from the United States a fair range can be Sterilising 5 to 15 lb. per sq. in. are obtained. The answer, of course, is that Charts ample for sterilising pur the war has held up development here and poses in a dairy. Appre the manufacturers have had to concentrate ciable savings in capital expenditure and on the one size which is suitable for the advantages in operation are to be obtained lighting of factories. Nevertheless the through not going up to the 40 to 60 lb. members of E.L.M.A. have experimentally that is generally employed with solid-fuel produced a variety of new lamps, although installations with a view to keeping up a they are not yet able to say when they will satisfactory head of steam throughout be available or at what prices. These without continual attention to the boiler. new lamps range from a 4-ft. 40-W size The constant evaporation attainable with do w n to a 1 ¿-ft. 15-W tube; the latter, an electric boiler, Mr. W. Cover pointed and a 2-ft. 20-W tube, are intended for out in the course of an address to the operation in series pairs on 200-250-V Norwich and District E.D.A. circle supplies. recently makes the use of higher pressures F o r providing an quite unnecessary. Ring adequate number of . A n A n g lo - A m erican Circuits socket-outlets to meet Tropical Services Exhibition in the needs of the modern ackaging Tropical Preservation and home and for making good use of the diversity of the demands of individual xa•. , , P aclia8ing was opened at then thp’ h ' , ®X’ *ast October and since items of equipment, the ring circuit has then the display has been seen by 20 000 numerous advocates. It represents, how ThpPp i, UH from industrial concerns ever, a departure from existing practice The exhibition continues and it should have and is not at present catered for by the accomplished much valuable work the I.E.E. Regulations. The announcement in packaging of goods for tro n irai^a ’ til the foreword to the I.E.E. Journal fo r markets with detdmental cHmates X June that appropriate clauses are being extremely important matter as u drafted is of great importance, as it in th e article o n “ E x p o rt D e liv ery D et i™" indicates that this system of wiring can by Mr. F. G. Copland which was ^ ai^ ^ be adopted forthwith in confidence that in th e Electrical Review o f M ay ? 8th July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 4 3 Success at Fleetwood How a Small Undertaking has Popularised Electricity ^LEETWOOD, which is probably as nearly all-electric as any town int the country, exemplifies the fallacy of the contention that because an electricity undertaking is small it must inevitably be inefficient. Mains have been laid in every street in its 6,147-acre area and virtually every building, domestic, com mercial and industrial, takes a supply, consumers now numbering 7,100. Domestic uses of electricity are both varied and extensive, while electrical energy has now completely replaced One of the lighthouses served by the undertaking other sources of power for industrial purposes. Sales of electricity—last year about for domestic and commercial purposes and 20 million kW h—show a 25 per cent, increase the fact that Fleetwood is a popular seaside over the pre-war figure, while the maximum resort has resulted in an exceptionally large demand has increased from 3,808 to 6,500 kW. number of commercial heating and cooking A still more striking indication of the growth installations. With connected loads averaging of the undertaking is the fact that when Mr. nearly 40 kW each, these together account W. P. Lilwall, the present borough electrical for 1,150 kW and include hotels, catering engineer and manager (last year’s president establishments, fish and chip shops and bakeries. For this class of consumer a special off-peak tariff is available of id. per kWh fwith a wartime increase of 0-012 d. for every shilling by which the average price of coal exceeds 17s. a ton, plus 5 per cent.). One of the most extensive cooking in stallations at present is at the Marine Hall, where, to cater for 450 persons, there are a double oven, roaster, steamer, hot plates, boijer, grill, three bains marie, café set, toaster, dish washer, water Domestic type cookers are used to good effect in the ail-electric canteen of the North Western Engineering Co. heaters, etc., repre senting a total of the I.M.E.A.), went to Fleetwood in 1919 load of 116 kW. A further 190 kW is sales of electricity amounted to only 1 required for heating the Hall, utilising a million kWh a year. plenum system supplemented by 24 kW of Roughly two-thirds of the consumption is celling and wall panels. Stage and other 44 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 lighting, etc., brings the total connected load domestic electric cookers are in use and three up to 430 kW, the whole installation taking a out of four of the last 400 houses to be erected quarter of a million kWh a year. now have them. All of the hundred new tem A still more extensive cooking installation porary houses will be electrically equipped. with a total load of 216 kW is just being com There are about 1,650 water heaters installed, pleted for a new canteen at the Fish Dock, principally of the 2-kW circulating immersion where two canteens catering for 250 persons type, for which the water is very suitable. and taking 112 kW have already been pro Washboilers connected number about 680, vided. The new plant there will comprise a kettles 2,560, and grillers 100. double roasting oven, double pastry oven, Hire terms were available for all these fish and chip fryers, two steamers, two appliances before the war at the following vegetable boilers, potato peeler, mixer, re quarterly rates : Cookers, from 3s. 9d. to frigerator and a 40-gallon water heater, in 9s. 6d. ; grillers, Is. 6d. ; washboilers, addition to water heaters for wash basins in 2s. 6d. ; kettles, Is. 6d. ; immersion heaters, the lavatories. Radiant heaters (25 kW), 2s. Encouragement is given to builders to supplemented by 10 kW of tubular heaters, install water heaters by providing free will warm the canteen, which will also have services. A considerable number of re fans for ventilation purposes. Among other frigerators have been installed. No special large canteens are those of the North Western facilities for acquiring them have been pro Engineering Co. (100 kW). The Cinderella vided, but since the beginning of the war the Holiday Homes also take 60 kW for cooking. undertaking has carried out their maintenance. A considerable number of steam raising plants Tariffs for domestic purposes are excep have been installed, their latest use being for tionally low, the “ all-in ” rateable-value sterilising ice-cream making apparatus. The tariff comprising a standing charge of 10 per largest heating load is to be found in one of cent, per annum on the first £20 of the net the county schools where 450 kW of tubular assessment and per cent, above, plus id. heaters has been installed. per kWh consumed. The alternative flat rates are : Heating and cooking |d. per kWh ; lighting, sliding scale from 4|d. to 3id. All these charges are subject to a 15 per cent, w ar increase, with a discount of 5 per cent, where accounts are paid quarterly. Fighting through prepayment meters Panel heaters and cafe equip m ent installed in the restaurant at the Marine Hall is 8id. per kWh less 4d. in the shilling discount. Fleetwood is, of course, famous as a fishing port and practically all its in dustries are dependent on the fishing industry. The war has increased the im portance of this industry to The twenty thousand inhabitants of Fleet- 80 per cent, of the^sh’Interfne 3^ r n n n t ^ v wood live in 6,300 dwellings having an passed through it. When fitiv coun" y average rateable value of £17. All these North Sea was curtailed many of^h h take supplies, the last 1,800 or so of the men from the East Coast, Grimsby a H H H smaller properties having been connected in particular, went to Fleetwood ind 11 J under an assisted wiring scheme. About 2,700 the population to a considerable exte^ b July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 4 5 most of them are now returning to their As a result of the alterations in the load homes if they have not already done so. during the war the load factor has fallen By far the largest of the Corporation's from 45 to 38 per cent, and the maximum consumers is the ice works of the Fylde Ice & demand now occurs on a Sunday in the Cold Storage Co., which serves the fishing summer, instead of on a weekday. The industry, producing 600 tons of ice a day. It difference.between the Sunday and weekday consumes 3^ million kWh a year for re frigeration, crushing and grinding. The Docks account for li million kW hand power loads are provided by the L.M.S. Railway, Two of the compressor units (the one on the left is new and is just being installed) at the works of Fylde Ice & Cold Storage C o . traction (the portion of the Blackpool tram way system in the Fleetwood area is supplied), a number of small engineering works, fish curers, and various concerns deal ing with fish meal, boiler making, sail making, loads is not, however, large (about 5 to 71 per ship repairing, belting, box making, stone cent.) and it is expected that there will be a masonry, etc. reversion to the weekday peak as soon as the Industrial power is obtainable either under wartime loads decline. a fiat rate (ranging from I• 2d. for 2,000 to A very strong feature is made of service and 5.000 kWh a quarter to 0-7d. for over the undertaking goes to an extraordinary 125.000 kWh, subject to the coal clause amount of trouble not only to provide already detailed) or at £4 per HP installed solutions for any specific problems which per annum plus id. per kWh consumed (all consumers may have, but also for seeing that energy over 10,000 a quarter being subject apparatus continues to give satisfaction, the to coal clause), both tariffs being subject to undertaking in fact acting as consultant. As prompt payment discounts. Mr. Lilwall says, no one wants electricity for All the street lighting in the town is electric itself but for what it will do and he con and on the main roads has been brought up siders service the finest form of advertising to the standards recommended by the the electricity supply undertaking in a small Ministry of Transport before the war by the town such as Fleetwood. use of a fitting designed by Mr. Lilwall. Repairs of apparatus are carried out in the Mounted on an attractive concrete standard, Department’s own workshops and for the which is found to be more robust than metal, convenience of consumers a small showroom there is a cast metal unit fitted with Holophane and office have been opened, where advice glassware. No reflectors are provided since can be obtained and accounts paid. It is it is found that they deteriorate quickly in hoped before long to build additional office the salt atmosphere. Normally 500-W lamps accommodation on a site in front of the are used but for “ moonlighting ” 40-W works and to utilise the old boilerhouse lamps have sufficed. While on the subject of (which is at present being used for the purpose lighting, it is worth mentioning that the under of repairing aircraft) to house the repairing taking serves two lighthouses, one in the department. town and the other two miles out at sea : We wish to express our thanks ter Mr. both are fully automatic, the latter also being Lilwall for his assistance in the preparation equipped with electric fog-horns. of this article. 46 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 Electricity in Queensland Establishment of Regional Boards ■REFERENCE has already been made to vided that a Regional Board shall become the proposal to set up Regional responsible for all contracts and debts, etc., of a Electricity Boards in Queensland. We have now local authority undertaking acquired by it. received from the State Electricity Commission It will also take over -any purchase rights vested a copy of the Regional Electric Authorities in a local authority. Act, 1945, which gives effect to this proposal. One member of a Regional Board is to be The Act received Royal Assent on April 12th; nominated by the Electricity Commission and its aim is “ to provide for the extension and co the others by the local authorities whose districts ordination of the supply of electricity throughout are included in the region. The maximum Queensland in the manner best calculated to tenure of office will be three years but the promote and serve the population, develop chairman and members may be re-nominated. ment and industries of the State and to secure The powers and duties of the Boards comprise its economic well-being.” “ (a) The construction, extension, protection, The Act empowers the Governor in Council maintenance, control and management of works to constitute any part of the State as a region for the supply of electricity; (b) the supply, for electricity supply and to constitute a Regional installation, trading in and the sale or hire of Board to become the electricity authority for electrical fittings, apparatus and appliances the region from a specified date. It excludes within the region.” A Board may in any year from such regions the area of the City Electric expend for the purpose of the promotion of Light Co., Ltd., Brisbane, or any area in which electrical development any sum not exceeding an electricity authority other than a local one pound per cent, of its revenue for the authority is for the time being authorised to preceding year. It may make by-laws for, supply electricity under the Electric Light and inter alia, securing the safety of the public Power Acts, and the State Electricity Com and may impose penalties for the breach of mission Acts. Provision is made, however, these by-laws. Each Board will appoint a for such areas or parts of them to be included manager “ chosen solely on the basis of his in regions upon the sale to any Regional Board executive, technical and administrative of an undertaking or part of an undertaking. experience and qualifications.” There will also Additions may be made to regions or they may be a secretary. be joined or altered. The Governor in Council may authorise a The Governor in Council may make regula Board to borrow money from the State Treasurer tions in respect of a number of matters, including or by the sale of debentures. There will be an the management and carrying out of contracts, annual budget and any surplus or deficit will and he may, upon the recommendation of the be transferred to a prescribed fund. A Board Electricity Commission, suspend or rescind may be authorised to borrow money for the any resolution or order of a Board. It is pro purpose of funding any deficit. Hydro-Electric Expansion in New Zealand tBiHE New Zealand Minister of Works, Maraetai station (immediately above the Mr. Semple, in a recent statement on Arapuni station) was in the embryonic stage. projected hydro-electric developments, said that The higher development scheme at Lake the plans covered the construction of ten power Waikaremoana was also going ahead as rapidly stations on the Waikato along a stretch of as possible. 115 miles which would develop 800,000 kW. Reviewing the provision of power in the The plans for these stations formed the biggest South Island, the Minister said that the Cobb scheme of its kind for one river in the Southern scheme was completed last year; the Highbank Hemisphere. The water would be used ten plant near Methven, would begin generation times over, and will be brought down in stages, very shortly; and work had been started on the creating ten lakes in the river. The scheme was Tekapo scheme. Preliminary investigations identical with the Tennessee Valley project and surveys were being made in the South although on a much smaller scale. The Waikato Island for further projects. The potentialities in scheme would also reduce the velocity of the Central Otago were great; there a twofold river and prevent erosion. The plan was purpose would be served-the provision of ready to go ahead as soon as material and man power and irrigation. Mr. Semple said his power became available. aim was that hydro-electric works should The construction of the Karapiro station was be developed in the North Island to the maxi well in hand. This would have a preliminary mum as he visualised that one day it would be capacity of 60,000 kW, and an ultimate rating of possible to electrify the main lines of the railway 90,000 kW. Another Waikato project, the Ju ly 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 47 Electricity in Agriculture Improved Prospects By F. E. Rowland, m .i.e.e., m .i.b.a.e. FTER many years of criticisms and dis areas. This tendency is already manifest in paragement—except for occasional proposals for restricting the growth of large bursts4 of activity of a few enthusiasts and centres of population and to accommodate pioneers and the little acknowledged labours their inhabitants in scattered satellite towns. of those who were fashioning a foundation This decentralisation entails the widest for the future—the prospects of electricity employment of electricity for transport, in agriculture are now distinctly promising. communications, industry, entertainment and During the 1914-18 war the nation had in the home. Looking further afield, there realised its dependence on a stable agricul is a similar tendency in more remote rural tural industry, but this was quickly forgotten areas with the purpose of spreading various when the danger had passed and there was a activities over a wider area, depending on return to the importation of cheap food. electricity to provide the means for linking The neglect of agriculture by the community up the various entities, and for supplying was reflected in its treatment by the electrical them with up-to-date amenities. industry. With all its energies directed to equipping other industries and the home, it Efficient Use of Labour left agriculture, with few exceptions, to its Amongst the principal inducements to own meagre resources, and apart from some wards the wider employment of electricity in districts in which more accessible outlets for agriculture is the necessity for a more efficient electrical developments were not available, use of labour. During the war the cost of little progress was made. agricultural labour has greatly increased and methods of using it more efficiently are Increased Activity readily adopted. Through wartime condi As a result of enterprise in some sections tions as well as their contacts with War of the electrical industry, increased activity Agricultural Executive Committees and insti was noticeable in the period immediately tutions which furnish them with technical before 1939. Developments in the dairy information, farmers who by their calling industry, arising from the Government’s are naturally conservative, have become sponsoring increased output of milk and a acquainted with the benefits which are to be higher standard of hygiene in its production, derived from more up-to-date processes, and also stimulated electrical methods. On ac are more ready to adopt new methods. Many count of changed conditions due to the war of the younger generation will return to farm and natural development through the passage ing with first-hand experience of mechanised of time,the position has now greatly improved. warfare, and eager to adopt new mechanical Having been on the threshold of starvation m ethods. twice in a generation through neglecting its home food resources, the country is now Technical Representation faced with seriously curtailed finances with In the electricity supply industry there is a which to purchase imported foodstuffs and widespread impression that one of the most the necessity to expand the home market for important developments in the post-war era manufactured goods. A policy to place the will be the rapid* and extensive electrification agricultural industry on a sound basis is of agriculture, and supply undertakings in therefore likely to gain more general accept rural areas are devoting infinitely more atten ance. A prosperous and well founded tion to this field than formerly. They are agricultural industry demands the widest developing their farming load as energetically possible use of electricity to ensure maximum as possible in existing circumstances, and are efficiency in production and the utilisation of making plans for expansion as opportunity labour, as well as to provide attractive and offers, particularly as wartime restrictions are amenable conditions for those employed in relaxed. A problem calling for solution is rural pursuits. There also promises to be a that of adequate technical representation. reaction against the concentration of large The correct approach to farmers is of para aggregates of the population in densely mount importance. It is desirable that crowded urban districts spread over large agricultural representatives should have a 48 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 farming background with a knowledge of they will make personal contacts with influ agricultural processes, coupled with the ential and progressive members of the agricul requisite electrical training. The combination tural industry which will be of great value. is probably best obtained from a farming up There will be opportunities for imparting bringing with electrical training, although electrical knowledge by lecture and demon very satisfactory results have been achieved stration, whilst incidentally they will obtain with electrical engineers who have made a an insight into agricultural matters and local specialised study of agriculture. Individual ciflTciirs ability is of course of first importance, and The local branches of the N.F.U. are also to attract the requisite talent adequate valuable means for maintaining contact with remuneration, status and prospects are farmers, whilst by regular attendance at essential. markets close relations may be maintained. Although the once thorny problem of way- To gain the confidence of farmers it is neces leaves is now less acute, it still requires careful sary to approach them patiently and persist and tactful approach. The same applies to ently. They are not a class which can be tariffs, particularly as regards the standing carried by assault, and high-pressure methods charge of a two-part system. It is well will not succeed. An important occasion in established that to encourage the widest use the year is the country or district show at of electricity a low running charge is essential, which electricity should be prominently and it is important that the fixed component represented by working displays and educa should be calculated in a manner that is easy tional exhibits. Provision should be made to for the lay mind to comprehend, and one ensure that as many exhibits as possible which will avoid arousing a sense of grievance employ electricity for driving machinery and in the consumer. For instance, if the floor similar purposes, whilst there will be oppor area of farm buildings is used as a basis for tunities for incorporating electrical equip calculation, it may be advisable to make some ment in such exhibits as working dairies and concession for rambling premises which are cooking demonstrations. only partially used. Development is un doubtedly hampered in England and Wales by the inability of an outgoing tenant to I.E.E. Notes claim compensation from the landlord for Western Centre certain improvements such as an electrical PWtHE annual general meeting of the Western installation which he has carried out during Centre of the Institution of Electrical his tenancy. Farmers therefore hesitate to Engineers was combined with a summer outing make costly improvements which they may to the site of an underground aeroplane factory. have to relinquish without payment. In Members and guests, numbering over 600, Scotland, a tenant enjoys this right of com travelled to the factory in private buses from pensation and it is one which could be intro Bath station. Following a short committee meeting the duced with advantage in England and Wales. annual general meeting was held at which the Approach to the Farmer chairman, Mr. J. Morgan, reported on the past session’s work. He said tha the membership The farmer has been accustomed to having was 1,800 and both the new Students’ Section at new implements and processes brought to Cardiff (chairman, Mr. T. B. Rolls) and the his notice through the farming press, at Installations Group (chairman, Mr. A. N. Irens) agricultural shows and by demonstration. were flourishing and well supported. These channels give ample, opportunity to The meeting was followed by luncheon, after the electrical industry to bring its products which there were some twenty conducted tours. At tea, the chairman took the opportunity of before him. Another very fruitful channel is thanking Mr. Tucker, the manager, and his staff through the various branches of the Young tor making the visit such a success. Farmers’ Club throughout the country. This organisation is doing invaluable work in North-Eastern Centre educating the farmer of the future and in The annual report of the I.E.E. North-Eastern structing him in the latest methods. Electrical Centre for the year ended April, 1945, shows engineers in rural areas should support the that the attendance at ordinary meetings local clubs for by so doing they will become averaged 88 and the membership increased bv 88 to a total of 988. The Tees-sfde Sub c ltre associated with one of the most virile farming membership (176) was 17-8 per cent of the total institutions in their district. Any co-opera tion they can render will be welcomed, and cent that ° f the StUdentS’ Sect>on (412) 42 per July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 4 9 Manufacturers’ W ar Work-VIII Standard and Special Products of Many Kinds Veritys, Ltd. has been special signal lamps for H.M. N spite of a decrease of 20 per cent, in ships, floodlights, all types of Admiralty the number of employees available the pattern ships fittings and special electric outputI of Veritys, Ltd., has been consider radiators for gun turrets, etc., and also bulk ably expanded. Its main contribution to head fittings and special flameproof fittings the war effort comprises electric motors and for sea-going transport and tankers for the control gear for ships’ auxiliaries and lighting Ministry of War Transport. fittings. Almost every British naval vessel The company’s achievements are all the and a very large number of Mercantile more praiseworthy when it is appreciated Marine ships have some of the company’s that through enemy action certain of the products installed. In all, the company has shops suffered badly through incendiaries produced 40,000 marine motors for auxiliaries and were out of use for the best part of a year. and 70,000 electric fans (oscillating, non oscillating and ceiling types). One of the Lancashire Dynamo & Crypto, Ltd. special orders was for flameproof motors The wartime activities of the Lancashire for exhausting petrol fumes from aircraft Dynamo & Crypto group of companies have carriers. Many of the motors were of covered a very large range of electrical and shockproof construction. other products. The Manchester and Willes- In the early days of the war Veritys manu den factories, in addition to their normal factured for the Admiralty a large number output of electrical power plant (including of low-power motor generators for gun AC and DC machines up to 2,500 HP), firing circuits as well as complete bollard produced for the various Ministries a large number of equipments for planing armour- plate, etc., Ward- Leonard equipments for cartridge presses and certain special motors for use on dock cranes in connection with overseas invasions, re-equipping of damaged harbours, etc.; for the equipping of food cold storage plants and for shell lathe equipments. During the period when Russia was in Testing com plete fan units for naval vessels at Veritys’ factory urgent need of elec trical plant a special type ammunition hoists, but owing to the effort resulted in the supplying of thousands importance of accelerating production these of motors in record time. machines eventually made way for motors A vast number of electrically driven food required in connection with ventilating units, preparing machines of various types were not only for warships but for the engine- supplied to cater for the needs of the Services, room ventilation of M.T.B.’s, rescue launches, hospitals, Government factory canteens, etc. All the control gear required in con British Restaurants, emergency feeding nection with the above plant was manu centres, etc. Electrical plant was also factured by the company together with supplied in connection with air-conditioning various special panels and starting switches. in submarines, welding sets for ships’ On the lighting side, the equipment plates, generators for mobile battery charging supplied to the Admiralty and Air Ministry units and searchlights, together with fre 5 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 quency changer sets for American repair Electric Co., Ltd., was engaged mainly on shops in this country. A special factory large power rectifier equipment for ordnance was equipped for the production of small DC and munition factories, for giving DC supply generating sets supplied in tens of thousands to cranes and other specialised plant. At for use in all parts of the world for the extremely short notice rectifier equipments M.A.P. Another separate factory turned were developed for charging the batteries of out over one million component parts for the midget submarines, the equipment the anti-aircraft rocket projectile. Parts for actually being delivered by the company in Crusader tanks were also manufactured. six weeks. One of the associated companies, Crypton Another important development was the design and construction of special rectifiers for use in conjunction with light alloy spot welding. This process uses a condenser type spot welder and the rectifier had to be capable of charging a 50,000 mF electro lytic condenser. Considerable research work had to be carried out in order that the rectifier should withstand a peak load of 900 A, a load which is reached from zero 60 times a minute during the welding process. The majority of the many hundreds of these equipments supplied have been in operation continuously for 24 hours a day. Other rectifiers supplied include heavy-duty equip Lancashire Dynamo aircraft battery charger ment for charging batteries on aircraft and Equipment, Ltd., suffered severe damage rectifiers for cinema arcs at camp theatres. In during the early part of the war, but by addition to their many and varied wartime strenuous effort a factory at Bridgwater, activities, all the L.D.C. factories continued Somerset, was equipped within six weeks to meet the very large demand for standard and commenced full production of rectifier equipment required by the various Govern equipments of all types. Constant potential ment Departments at home and overseas. battery charging sets, complete with switchboards, component parts for tank landing craft, ships’ lighting installations, etc., were also pro duced in large quantities. The Wimbledon factory of Foster Transformers & Switchgear, Ltd., produced many types of special switchboards including central con trol panels for the C.E.B., the N.F.S., and Fighter Command and main switchboards for H.M. destroyers. Many thousands of small parts included components for radar and de-gaussing equipment together with complete small assemblies for Wellington bombers. Other equip ment included voltage stabilisers, telesdsion control apparatus, aircraft battery charging switchboards and lighting equipment for aircraft carriers and aeronautical flarepaths. Numerous power switchboards were dispatched to Russia and about 50,000 At the main lactories a record production power transformers were supplied for the of electrical machinery for the Russian N avy. Government was superimposed on the In the early part of the war the Nevelin existing factory load. July' 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 51 Export Market Control Co-operation Between Manufacturers and Agents By " Sala ” NSUCCESSFUL attempts to secure and things the manufacturer must plan and establish export markets have led some guide his own advertising and be quick manufacturersr to form the conclusion that enough and wise enough to adapt it if and export trade is a gamble, that whether or when it is found necessary. The object of not their products find a ready sale overseas his advertising is to make contact with the is just the luck of the draw, or, that they prospective users and care and good judg have been fortunate or unfortunate, as the ment must be exercised in choosing the case may be, in having appointed a good or media through which to achieve this. Experi a poor agent to represent them. The proper ments may be necessary, but the main thing choice of an agent depends on the manu is that the manufacturer should control his facturer’s judgment and the manner in advertising in such a manner as to satisfy which he supports him ; whether or not the himself that he has done everything possible product finds a ready sale-in the overseas to create a market for his product, and market is, in the main, the responsibility of ensure that the demands forthcoming are the manufacturer. maintained and further developed by the Assuming that a reputable agent has been personal contacts and efficient distribution appointed—one with a knowledge of the organisation of his agent. industries to which the manufacturer’s If the product justifies its selling price to product will appeal, and with an adequate the consumer, the manufacturer’s methods selling and distributive organisation—the and manner of educating prospective users control of the market development can, by his advertisements must control the price. and should, be in the hands of the manu In other words, if his product is good, facturer to mould and adapt to meet his own suitably priced, known to be sold quite com particular circumstances. petitively in the home market and suitable for use in the overseas country, then demands Planning Expenditure for reduction in price by the agent can be Barring any uneconomical rival price offset by the manner in which the manu competition, a suitable product, justly priced, facturer educates the prospective user to the should find ready acceptance in overseas quality advantages of his product -to justify countries. From what knowledge the manu its price. facturer has been able to glean of the possible volume of business he might secure from the First-hand Reports overseas market he bases his plan of expenses The agent will be only too willing to of introducing his product accordingly. co-operate to the full with the manufacturer What the total sum shall be rests with the in giving him regular, first-hand reports of manufacturer, who obviously realises that the success or failure of the manufacturer’s his object is to popularise his product as efforts to create the demand. He will advise widely as possible in the shortest possible him which industries are responding well time. His experience of the requirements of and which are not, so enabling the manu the trades at home to which his product facturer to judge whether or not some different appeals, his knowledge of what volume of angle of approach or some different medium sales he might expect from this or that of advertising would bring the desired results. industry, his long experience of adapting and These regular reports will be invaluable in overcoming sales resistance to his product that they will also give the manufacturer the to create for it an established market; all verbal opinions of those prospective users these things are carefully considered by the with whom the agent has made personal manufacturer in formulating the very neces contact and who have had the opportunity of sary plan of campaign by which he can actually examining the product. From the obtain that degree of control over his export reports the manufacturer can distinguish the markets that he has over his home market. kind of sales resistance which he has to Control then, means that among other overcome. He will be quick to pick on those 5 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w Ju ly 13, 1945 points and develop his sales arguments According to a report issued recently by against them, perhaps to the extent of adapt the Department of Overseas Trade the erection of generating plant designed to augment the ing his advertisements. power supply in the Nairobi area, at a cost of The agent cannot know too much about between £200,000 and £300,000 has been the manufacturer’s product and the more postponed. In general, it would appear that considerable development and plant replace points that are raised between them to be ment in British East Africa will be urgently considered, understood and agreed upon will required as soon as possible after the war. lead to a better agency, to the satisfaction of Owing to unfavourable weather in the Kenya both parties. Quite obviously, the agent Highlands the outlook this season for coffee planters, dairy farmers and agriculturalists has enough work to do to stock and distribute generally is unsatisfactory. the manufacturer’s goods through conveni ently dispersed depots and make those very Trinidad Electrical Imports necessary personal contacts with the pros AST year petroleum remained the most pective buyers of the product in his country. L active of Trinidad’s industries. Agriculture as With 'the full support and co-operation of a whole declined although the production of the manufacturer he should be left to organise food crops showed some increase. The com pletion of the United States bases did not and carry out these vital functions in the affect general business. While there were no manufacturer’s interests. He knows the particular shortages, the market was not over- particular trade customs and any special supplied with imported goods. peculiarities which exist in his own country In 1943 Canada’s share of the import trade declined nearly all round, outstanding decreases far better than does the manufacturer, and occurring in wire and cable, batteries and he can give much valuable guidance on the machinery. Values according to returns issued manner of making contact with prospective in Port of Spain are shown below, with a note of increase or decrease compared with 1922 users, particularly in the larger overseas added. In the restricted business done the countries where the population and industries United Kingdom, the United States and Canada are far more scattered. all took a share. As compared with creating a demand for Inc. or his product in the home market the manu Class 1943 dec. on $(000) 1942 facturer must be prepared to appreciate $(000) certain circumstances which may seem trivial Insulated wires and cables— . . 117 - 183 and unworthy of note. Let him be guided, From United Kingdom 48 82 however, by his agent, for the more the manu „ United States 57 - 43 „ C anada 12 52 facturer can learn of the conditions, the Primary batteries— 13 47 customs and the scope in every overseas From United Kingdom 2 8 „ United States country in which he is interested, the better 10 - 34 „ C anada 1 - 3 will he control his export markets. Cooking and heating appliances (from United States)— 1 - 11 Electric stoves, (from Canada) 4 5 Electric refrigerators and parts 8 - 16 East African Trade From United States 7 + 2 PART from an increase of 25 per cent, in im „ C anada 1 - 18 Goods and apparatus, n.o.p.__ 157 157 A ports of electrical machinery and parts, there From United Kingdom was little change in 1943 in the electrical trade 51 - 29 „ United States 85 - 99 of Kenya and Uganda. The values of the „ C anada 21 Electrical machinery 29 principal items, with a note of increase or — 178 - 452 decrease compared with 1942, are shown below. From United Kingdom 75 - 265 Great Britain did the bulk of the business. „ United States.. ’ ’ 102 174 „ C anada 1 - 9 Inc. or Radio apparatus— 83 From United Kingdom - 32 Class 1943 dec. on 42. 18 £000 1942 „ United States 40 „ C anada - 4 £000 1 - 10 Other telegraph and telephone apparatus— I Electric light bulbs 4 - 5 28 From United Kingdom - 55 Lighting accessories and fittings 12* + 1 21 - 50 Electric wires and cables 66*. - 8 „ United States Lamps under 20 V__ 6 - 3 Telegraph and telephone instru 12 From United Kingdom ments and apparatus 19* + 6 3 1 R adio sets 8 „ United States - 1 „ C anada 5 + 3 From United Kingdom 6 - 2 Lamps over 20 V— ' ’ ’ ' j 4 „ United States 1 — 39 = ' 2! Other radio apparatus 8* From United Kingdom + 2 „ United States 20 - 27 Electrical goods and apparatus „ C anada 2 5 not elsewhere specified 7* - 5 Other lighting appliances__ 17 ! + 11 Electrical machinery and parts 50 ■+■ 10 22 22 46 From United Kingdom From United Kingdom 4- 18 „ United States 10 _ 5 „ United States 3 - 8 Accumulators and parts__ 6 13 * Mainly from U .K. From Canada 34 : + 4 22 _ 4 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 53 RECENT introductions Notes on New Electrical and Allied Products Cartridge Fuses the preliminary setting up, by merely keeping the foot switch depressed. The machine can rB^HE first post-war development to be also be used for individual spot welds. The announced by the M idland Electric electrodes are water cooled and with compressed M anufacturing Co., Ltd., Reddings Lane, Bir air at 80 lb. per sq. in. the air cylinder will mingham, is the addition to its products of a provide a welding thrust at the electrode tip of range of “ Kantark ” h.r.c. cartridge fuses, up to 600 lb., being adjusted by a reducing valve which are available in ratings of from 5 to to suit requirements and read on the gauge at the top. Two timers are electrically interlocked to maintain the correct sequence. One is of the Thyratron type and, operating in conjunction with a high-speed contactor, gives precise control of the welding period ranging from 0-1 to 10 seconds. The second timer controls the forging or “ dwell ” time and is set at approxi mately 10 cycles. A pressure switch on the welding head prevents welding current being switched on until the requisite mechanical pressure has been reached. A limit switch with an adjustable operating cam enables the length of travel of the upper electrode to be varied. In the lower compartment are the high-speed contactor and Thyratron timer: the upper chamber contains the transformer, the tapping switch and the welding-time selector. Mounted on the inner face of the door are the small transformer for the control circuit, the rectifier, the sequencing relay and the forge timer. The electrodes and their mounting can be varied to some extent; e.g., reversed so that the electrode Adaptor link fuse carriers may be inclined, to facilitate working at difficult angles. It is important that the flow of cooling 200 A. They are stated to have been inde water through the electrodes should be con pendently proved to comply fully with B.S. 88. tinuous and, accordingly, a sight drain is included. A range of fuse handles is also introduced to carry the cartridges, designed to be inter changeable with M.E.M. standard handles without modification to the bases, so that the change-over from rewirable to h.r.c. fusing can be made merely by withdrawing the existing handle and inserting a new carrier with the appropriate size of cartridge. Adaptor links are available to permit low rated cartridges to be inserted into large carriers where necessary; for example, the 100-A carrier will accommodate 100- and 60-A cartridges by direct fixing, while the 30- and 15-A cartridges can be fitted into the same size carrier by the use of two adaptor links. Spot Welder A smaller model of its well-known air- operated spot-welding machine has been developed by the M etropolitan-V ickers Elec t r i c a l Co., L t d . , Trafford Park, Manchester, for dealing with 10 to 22 SWG mild steel plate. This Type AS.25/24 has a throat depth of 24 in. and the electrodes can be separated to a maximum distance of 2 in. Stitch or continuous spot welding is carried out automatically, after Spot welder w ith access doors open 5 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 reduced but being strongly opposed to any Vapour from Cooling Towers suggestion that all taxation of road transport Experiments at Bradford should be levied by a tax on fuel. Representa tions regarding the rehabilitation of vehicles A LTHOUGH precautions are taken in the were, with one minor exception, accepted by design and construction of cooling the Ministries of War Transport and Supply. towers for electric power stations with a view to Other questions dealt with have included the minimising the emission of vapour, there is an supply of new vehicles, the man-power situation appreciable discharge from the tower exits. and vehicle lighting. In order to determine the practicability of applying the principle of electrostatic pre Fluorescent Tubes cipitation, as used for flue-gas cleaning, to reducing this discharge to negligible proportions, New Sizes Being Developed Mr. T. H. Carr, city electrical engineer and ■T is justly claimed by the Electric Lamp manager, Bradford, has carried out experiments Manufacturers’ Association that the fluor with the 40-kV testing equipment normally escent lamp has been very largely responsible used for pressure testing in his undertaking, for the achievement of the higher standard of together with a small chimney having a sheet- lighting in wartime factories which has con tin lining in its upper end, in the centre of which tributed to efficiency and speed of production. an electrode is inserted. The promising results The 5-ft. 80-W tube has proved excellent for achieved have suggested the adoption of the this work and in consequence the manufacturers method for full-scale working. In that case have been confined to the making of this size electrodes charged at 40 kV, DC, within and the development of other types has been earthed metal cages would be supported within held up. the upper part of the tower and would thus This is stressed in a statement issued by condense about 90 per cent, of the vapour E.L.M.A. which goes on to deal with the future within the shell. The arrangement would be of the fluorescent tube, which is expected to applicable to both reinforced-concrete or wooden revolutionise both lighting standards and lighting towers. methods in every field of artificial illumination. The cost of the apparatus, though somewhat It says that it is obvious that the single size heavy, might be economically justified by saving which satisfied the needs of wartime industry in cooling-water make-up and prevention of will by no means suffice for the thousand and vapour nuisance (under certain atmospheric one decorative and utilitarian requirements of conditions) to adjacent property and, during peacetime lighting. But wartime limitations in the winter, of accidents due to ice formatidn on materials, machinery and labour still remain public roads. Where make-up water is taken and although E.L.M.A. members are fully alive from the town’s mains, the yearly charges on to the future possibilities of fluorescent lighting that account for a station generating 300 and have, in fact, developed and produced million kWh per annum would probably experimentally a variety of new lamps, they are approach £10,000. not yet in a position to make any definite state ment on marketing dates and prices. To indicate, however, what is being done the Public Transport Association has announced that the future range Association’s Annual Report of fluorescent lamps will include the following types :— HE report of the Public Transport Asso T ciation Inc. prepared for submission at Length D iam eter Voltage N om inal the third annual meeting of the Association ft. in. watts Cap yesterday (Thursday) records the negotiations conducted during the year with Government 4 Ü 200/250 40 Bi-Pin Departments on various matters. One of the 3 1 200 250 30 most important concerned the “ box ” dimen 2* 1} 100 130 20 sions of vehicles. A further twelve months of 2 1 200/250 20 H* 1 100/130 negotiation by the entire road passenger trans 15 ” port industry failed to secure from the Ministry two in series on zUU/ZjU-V AC of War Transport a concession in regard either mains, or singly on 100/130-V. to an increase in the overall width from 7 ft. 6 in. to 8 ft. or a relaxation of the regulations ii . ti?es,® *amPs W1U be available in both governing the number of axles, but represen ' daylight ” and “ warm-white.” The warm- tations are being continued. white was introduced in December last as an For nearly four years negotiations with the alternative colour, giving a light more acceptable Treasury have been in progress regarding war damage contributions and compensation as ndr tnal PurP°ses. All the new far as tramway and trolley vehicle undertakings be.fiu ®d Wlth bi-P;" « p s of American are concerned. At the end of the year a reply type and will be interchangeable with their to a letter sent to the Treasury in April, 1944, American counterparts-a fact of the utmost was still awaited. importance in connection with exDon hiisin^! Future taxation of road transport has also 80-W lamps will continue to ha“ T c for been discussed, the Council of the Association the present, but they will be made in due course maintaining that the overall burden must be with bi-pin caps. course July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 55 PERSOML ami SOCIAL News of Men and Women of the Industry £ CONSEQUENT upon the death of Mr. fifteen years. He was formerly with the Simplex ^ W. A. Pearman, general manager and Electric Co. and Wakefield Corporation. For secretary of the London Power Co., Ltd., the time being he will make his headquarters at Sir Leonard Pearce, the engineer-in-chief, the company’s Lytham works. will for the time being undertake the managerial Mr. Duncan W. Low, B.Sc., M.I.E.E., has duties of the company and become chief resigned his position as director of British executive officer. Mr. Bernard Higgins, formerly National Electrics, Ltd., the J.P. Tubular assistant secretary, has been appointed secretary Heater Co., Ltd., and Archibald Low Electrics, of the company, with Miss Janet E. Hocking Ltd. He has formed a new company, Duncan as assistant secretary. Low, Ltd., whose registration is recorded in our On Thursday last week at the head office of “ Financial Section.” This company will con the London Power Co. Sir Leonard Pearce fine its activities to the manufacture of electric made a presentation to Mr. C. Mancha Bennett water and oil heaters on the occasion of his retirement. Mr. Mancha and does not expect to Bennett was appointed chief control engineer be in production until to the company nineteen years ago when the the late autumn. Wood Lane works of the Kensington & Mr. G. Griffin Smith Knightsbridge and Notting Hill Electric Lighting has joined Crompton Companies, of which he was chief engineer, Parkinson, Ltd., as were closed down. For many years he has meter and instrument represented the London Electricity Supply specialist for Southern Association on the Council of the British England and Eastern Electrical and Allied Industries Research Counties. Association. Mr. C. Mancha Bennett, who Miss E. E. Verity, of has been in the supply industry for forty-nine years, received his engineering training at the Verity’s Garage, has been elected chairman of Thames Iron Works & Shipbuilding Co., M r. G. Griffin Smith the Manchester Branch Blackwall, under Arnold Hills. of the Women’s Engineering Society for the Mr. Ernest Stroud has resigned from Holo- ensuing session, with Miss I. H. Cox, B.A., phane, Ltd., and has joined the board of the Graduate I.E.E. (Metrópoli tan-Vickers) as Brighton Lighting and Electrical Engineering vice-chairman. Co., Ltd., as technical director to form an It was reported in our issue of June 29th Illuminating Engineer that, subject to confirmation, Mr. F. Barrell, ing Department to deal deputy borough electrical engineer of Black with public lighting burn, had been appointed to the newly-created problems. Mr. Stroud post of deputy city electrical engineer of Leeds. has for many years Mr. Barrell’s resignation was discussed at a been actively engaged in meeting of the Blackburn Electricity Committee street lighting technique last week, when it was decided that in view of ana is a member of the the difficulties of obtaining replacements of B.S.I. Committee on staff the Ministry of Labour and the Electricity Street Lighting and Commissioners should be informed that Mr. Photometry. He is the Barrell’s release could only be agreed to if a 1944-45 president of the satisfactory substitute could be found. Illuminating Engineer ing Society, an associate Mr. S. A. RusseU, generation engineer, Manchester Corporation Electricity Department, H r. E. Stroud member of the Associa tion of Public Lighting has been temporarily released to take up im Engineers and chairman of the Street Lighting portant technical and administrative duties in Section of the Electric Light Fittings Asso Germany with the AUied Control Commission. ciation. Sir John M. Duncanson was released on Mr. Ian M. Cameron, who for the past eight June 30th from his duties as ControUer of the years has been with the Domestic Sales Depart Iron and Steel Control of the Ministry of Supply. ment of the English Electric Co., has relinquished He will be succeeded by Mr. C. R. Wheeler. his post to become sales and development Mr. J. C. Colquhoun, M.B.E., chairman and manager with Clifton Aircraft, Ltd., Appliance joint managing director of the Manganese Division. Mr. Cameron has been associated Bronze & Brass Co., Ltd., has joined the board with the sales and development of domestic of Lightalloys, Ltd., and has been elected appliances in the Northern Counties for the last chairman, and Mr. W. S. Knight has been D t 56 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 appointed managing director. These appoint Mr. R. H. Watts is retiring on July 31st from ments follow the recent death of Mr. W. H. the position of meter superintendent of Hammer Grieve, chairman and managing director of the smith Electricity Department after twenty-nine company. years’ service with the Council. The Electricity Mr. D. E. Wootton, chief electrical engineer Committee recommends the promotion of Mr. to the Malvern U.D.C., has resigned after G. C. Riley, assistant meter superintendent for twenty-two years’ service with the Council. the past thirteen years, to the position at a He is succeeded by Mr. G. A. Paisley, the commencing salary of £602. assistant electrical engineer. Mr. A. B. Winterbottom has been appointed Mr. D. B. Hoseason has been appointed lecturer in electro-metallurgy in the University assistant managing director of the Brush of Manchester. Electrical Engineering Co., Ltd. Mr. C. G. Le Feuvre, A.M.I.E.E., district superintendent of the Northmet Power Com The accompanying photograph was taken at pany, has been installed as president of the the opening on July 2nd of the E.D.A. Kitchens Southgate Rotary Club. Exhibition at Edinburgh which remains open until the 28th of this month. It shows the Mr. Robert Bruce, managing director of the presentation to the Lady Provost of Edinburgh Saxonia Electrical Wire Co., Ltd., has been (Miss Diana Falconer) of souvenirs in the form invested president of the Greenwich Rotary of a “ Creda ” electric kettle and automatic Club, of which he is a founder member. electric iron. In the picture, from left to right, Mr. D. J. Nolan, general manager of the Sydney County Council Electricity Department, and Mr. H. W. Duncan, power superintendent, are visiting the United States and Great Britain to make a survey of steam power station practice. They will also discuss with manu facturers details of the design of the steam-raising plant and turbo- alternators ordered for the Pyr- mont power station. The Electrical Engineer and Merchandiser states that they expect to return to Australia in September. Mr. J. R. Hawes, power station superintendent at Rotherham, is retiring in August. Presentation to the Edinburgh Lady Provost at the E.D.A. Mr. W. E. Arnold, A.M.I.E.E., Kitchens Exhibition has been appointed general manager of the Watliff Co., Ltd. are Bailie T. Sawers, O.B.E., chairman of the Mr. Arnold, who was the second Silvanus Public Utilities Committee; the Lady Provost; Thompson scholar of the Institution of Electrical Mr. A. E. Roots, chairman of the Scottish Engineers, was educated at the Imperial College Committee of E.D.A.; and Councillor W. of Science and Technology, City and Guilds Gerrard, D.S.O., convener of the Electricity (Engineering) College. He has had wide Committee, who is making the presentation. managerial experience in the engineering Mr. R. A. Blakeborough, managing director industry. of J. Blakeborough & Sons, Ltd., has been After giving its employees a week’s holiday appointed chairman of the company. with pay for victory celebrations, the Watliff Mr. Walter H. Swain, a director of Hirst, Co., Ltd., also held a works dance on June 25th Ibbetson & Taylor, Ltd., Manchester, has been at the Wimbledon Town Hall, about 800 elected president of the Electrical Wholesalers’ employees and friends attending. Federation. Mr W. H. Gatty Saunt, Mr. M. A. Hassid and Mr. Frederick Grainger, who has been with * • Gregg have been appointed directors Titanine, Ltd., manufacturers of paints, oi the Rothermel Corporation, Ltd. varnishes, lacquers, etc., for over twenty years, Mr. Jas. Wood has resumed his duties at the has resigned his directorship and is no longer mam factory of Bakelite, Ltd. associated with the company. On Saturday the first Apprentices' Parents' Mr. E. Hall, constructional assistant with Wny k f nCf 1 1 WlS h6ld at the Willesden Grimsby Corporation Electricity Department, British Thomson-Houston Co., whose services were lent to the Blackburn Ltd.t After touring the factory, the visitors Corporation in 1940, is resuming his duties at were entertained to tea, when they were Grimsby in September. welcomed by Mr. T. Hands, manager of the July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 57 Willesden Works, who explained various He had represented Bruce Peebles & Co., Ltd., matters affecting the apprenticeship schemes. as their agent in that area since 1912, assisted Mr. H. Trencham gave a review of the annual for the last twelve and a half years by Mr. Peter essay competition, the prize winners being as Burns. Mr. Lindsay had also represented follows:— 1st year, V. G. Johnston; 3rd year, Switchgear & Cowans, Ltd. In the mining D. L. Harris; 4th year, P. A. Johnson; and machinery sphere he represented Walker Bros, 5th year, J. L. W. Hope, who received the and Wilson Forge. He traded under the title medal for the best essay of the year. Mr. R. C. of Lindsay & Ward. Snewing, apprentice supervisor, referred to Mr. V. C. Hughes.—The death is reported of many items affecting the apprenticeship schemes Mr. Vincent C. Hughes, A.M.I.E.E., district and gave details of the drawing office examina manager in Armagh for the Northern Ireland tion results, under which scheme trade appren Electricity Board. Mr. Hughes was manager tices can transfer to the drawing office course. of the Portadown undertaking until its acqui Mr. C. Grad, chairman of the B.T.H. Appren sition by the Board. During the 1914-18 war ticeship Committee, spoke on the general policy he was with the Admiralty as a consulting of the company on apprentices. engineer. Mr. A. B. Aspinall, for many years a technical Obituary representative of Carron Company for the sale Mr. J. D. Lindsay.—We regret to announce of domestic electrical appliances, died suddenly the death on July 5th, at the age of sixty-six, on June 21st. Mr. Aspinall’s ground covered following an operation, of Mr. James Douglas the London, Eastern and Southern Counties. Lindsay, who was very well known in electrical Until a successor has been appointed, inquiries and mining circles in the north-eastern district. will be dealt with from Carron Works. CORRESPONDENCE Letters should bear the writers' names and addresses, not necessarily for publication. Responsibility cannot be accepted for correspondents' opinions. Availability of Equipment women who put electric irons into cold beds, or wrap up light-bulbs with pretty Christmas * WOULD have liked you. to have decorations, only to wonder afterwards why emphasised not only the scarcity of 'the result should be a conflagration. electric cookers in your editorial last week, The moral of these disasters is that girls but also the present serious position with should be given more encouragement and regard to house-service meters. more opportunity to acquaint themselves The temporary houses are already being with things mechanical and electrical. My built and wired, but the meters, especially impression is that girls turn from useful the two-part tariff prepayment types, will studies at a very early age, dismissing them not be available. Dare we postpone for contemptuously as boyish, because they are months the connection of an already wired left so much to the tender mercies of women prefabricated house, occupied by say an to bring them up. It is, I think, incumbent ex-Service man, simply because we cannot on every properly educated man, who has get a meter ? opportunities to influence young children, to It may appear to some only a small item take as much interest in the girls as in the in an installation, but it is so essential to boys, and resist the lax modem tendency of have one available as soon as the 'house is putting all the responsibility for girls upon erected as to merit a very high priority women. immediately. Brighton. S t u a r t M i a l l , B.Sc. (Eng.) Bedford. S. A. D a i n e s . Electrical Education of Girls Street Lighting Restoration ARLIER in the year local authorities TIN your issue of July 6th (page 24), you E were notified that it was considered likely ® report fatal accidents to two young girls, that the restoration of street lighting on the resulting from the use of electrical apparatus. peacetime scale would become possible by the end of Double Summer Time, i.e. by July The first of these may have been truly in the 15th. The Government asks local authorities category of an accident, but the second was who are not in a position to ensure that their a case of misguided ingenuity on the part of street lighting will be kept extinguished during a highly intelligent but ignorant child, who, daylight hours to defer the restoration of full-scale street lighting until the necessary if she had not died at the age of nine, might labour and materials for that purpose are conceivably have grown into one of those available. 58 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 Views on the \ews Reflections on Current Topics H E Electrical Review of June 29th con humour to be closely akin to the British. T tained a summary of a notice issued by Prof. E. N. DaC. Andrade added that the Ministry of Works purporting to set out English is the most widely spoken foreign the position with regard to the supply of language there. The Academy, which might materials and equipment for houses. As be described as a sort of hybrid of the Royal regards electrical appliances and accessories Society and the Department of Scientific the notice was somewhat optimistic, except and Industrial Research, itself does the bulk with respect to cookers, meters and conduits. of research, though outstanding work is Labour and materials for the production of being done at a few of the universities. water heaters were said to be available in The Academy is far from being hidebound sufficient quantity' to meet all probable and shows a tendency towards decentralisa requirements, but from what I am told this tion geographically with smaller and more is not the case. I have seen a copy of a letter highly trained staffs in its well-equipped sent by a manufacturer to a customer who, laboratories. As a further stage of develop having read the Ministry’s statement could ment I should expect to see closer physical not understand why there should have been association between applied research and delay in the delivery of water heaters which industrial work, such as is so prominent a he had ordered. The letter says :—“ Whether feature in Great Britain. The visit seems deliberately misleading, or whether it is that to have been exceedingly worth while and somebody in Government authority likes to it is most unfortunate that several dis look big by making such statements, I tinguished physicists were prevented from cannot say, but such utterances are most joining the party'. unsatisfactory. . . . At this moment we * * * have in hand a far greater bulk of orders One way of mitigating the effects of pur than it is possible for us to quickly cope with, chase tax upon domestic electrical appliances because the supply of labour is completely has been approved by the Cheltenham inadequate for our requirements.” Electricity Committee, upon the recom mendation of the borough electrical engineer The writer of the letter goes on to say (Mr. R. W. Steel). The idea is to prevent that many of the hundreds of men which his hire charges from rising to a prohibitive company released to the Forces are roaming level. The proposal is that the purchase about the district on leave, anxious to return tax on appliances and costs exceeding 50 but unable to secure their discharge. Young per cent, above pre-war prices shall be men whom the company has carefully trained written off out of revenue and hire charges are being directed to the mines or to the for new apparatus fixed at 50 per cent, Forces; Government demands for deliveries above the pre-war rates. Mr. Steel also are almost up to wartime level; women recommended that for the present the scheme who were willing enough to work while the should apply only to new or converted European war was on are leaving, while houses, it being extended to other premises others are taking extended holidays to join at “ a more appropriate date.” their husbands who are on leave; older men * * * are giving way under strain; and there is no The Peterborough E.D.C. is having an intake of labour at all in spite of the com argument with the Peterborough City Elec- pany’s unceasing endeavour to secure it. o 1?i.tr' Committee on thus subject. The K.D.C. has chosen a site for twentv tem porary houses which is three-quarters of a The entnusiastic reception of the members mile from the nearest 6,600-V supply point. of the Royal Society who attended the R D C- has asked to jubilee celebrations of the Academy of contribute £1,061 towards the cost of running Sciences of the U.S.S.R. was more than a high-\oItage extension and providing a typical of Russian hospitality. It symbolised, ^ station. Although it has £en I gathered from listening to the accounts hinted that the site will be used for per- giv en by some of the delegation, the enormous h^nni haH1^ ,eventQally, the Committee prestige attached to science by our Ally, as has not had a definite assurance on the point. attested by the seeming disregard of expense Die Committee says that its tariff is based in providing facilities for its pursuit. There 3 - 3-year loan repayment period and it was an obviously frank eagerness to co would be faced with loan charges for fifteen operate with British scientists which augurs years after the ten-year life of the housS well for the future, especially as Sir Robert without compensating revenue. “«uses Robinson has found the Russian sense of —REFLECTOR. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 5 9 \ i :m b o o k s Solving Electrical Problems : Reference Manual Worked Examples in Electrotechnology. By recent developments in many fields. An unusual W. T. Pratt, B.Sc. Pp. 262; figs. 158. but acceptable feature in a work of this nature Hutchinson’s Scientific & Technical Publi is provided by notes on the educational facilities cations, 47, Princes Gate, London, S.W.7. which are available. Price 12s. 6d. There is an extensive bibliography, which A book devoted to the solving of problems includes references to recent institution papers in electrotechnology will be useful to many, but and articles in the technical Press. The index particularly to those engaged in private study is well arranged for ready reference to subsidiary and in preparing for examinations. In the subjects. The initials of the fifty or so specialist preface, syllabuses of various examinations are contributors, which appear at the end of articles, mentioned, though not all sections of these are are themselves a guarantee that the information evenly or adequately covered. It is also un given is accurate and up to date.—C. O. B fortunate that the new and wider syllabuses of Cutting Tool Practice. By H. C. Town and D. Joint Section A of the Institution of Electrical Potter. Pp. 131; figs. 124. Paul Elek Engineers are not followed instead of the old (Publishers), Ltd., Africa House, Kingsway, Part I. W.C.2. Price, 13s. 6d. One of the chief omissions is AC machinery, Increased speeds in metal cutting, coupled the principles of which hold an important place with the development of new materials (both in electrotechnology. In this section, trans for work and tool) and processes, require a formers only are dealt with. Measuring revision of accepted ideas regarding the use of instruments and thermionics are also omitted. cutting tools. Besides presenting the latest The student would also welcome a few problems practice in high-production tools and recog on uniformly distributed loads and more nised methods of metal cutting, this book lighting problems involving lumens. introduces new processes such as down-cut The type is good and so are the diagrams. and negative rake-cut milling and boring Answers qre underlined—this we do not like. cutters. Wartime substitutes for tungsten are Underlining may be resorted to when the pen detailed, and sections deal with heat treatment, is used, but it looks bad in a book, where bold tool design, shapes, cutting action, speeds and or italic type would be better employed. Apart feeds, form tools and calculations. Some of the from these minor criticisms, the book can be lesser-known operations dealt with in the book thoroughly recommended. Numerous students are the drilling of square and hexagon holes, will bless the author for his painstaking and a special chapter indicating the possibilities of conscientious work.—S.P.S. broaching.—W. R. C. “ Electrical Engineer ” Reference Book. Edited Coal : Facts About an Unknown Industry. By by E. Molloy. 1,757 pages; illus. George a Colliery Manager (100 pp.). Chapman Newmes, Ltd., Tower House, Southampton & Hall, Ltd., 37, Essex Street, Strand, Street, W.C.2. Price £2 2s. W.C.2. Price 2s. 6d. This manual aims at prosiding under one The author of this little book claims that the cover a summary of latest practice in all branches voice of the colliery manager, who is unknown of electrical engineering. Having regard to the to the public, is seldom heard, although all feat of compression and selection this implies, kinds of people have expressed their views on the result is remarkably successful. The general the coal industry. It is useful to have a first plan is logically carried through from funda hand account of mining conditions from one mental theory', including modern conceptions of of the men actually responsible for the day-to- the nature of electricity, which forms the first day operation of the industry. The author section of 102 pages, to the most representative refuses to believe that the present state of the means of its utilisation. industry is to be blamed on to private enterprise Salient particulars of plant and practice for or that nationalisation would remedy it; he transmission and distribution are given in a thinks that some incentive other than nationali number of sections occupying about 380 pages, sation is needed to induce miners to increase and electric motors and control gear are given their output but does not propound a solution 108 more. Heating and ventilation, illumina of this very pressing problem.—J. H. C. tion, transport, ship-propulsion, welding, measurements, automatic control, mining, agri Prefabricated Homes. By Bernard H. Cox, culture, industrial heating are among the F.S.I., L.R.I.B.A. Pp. 36; figs. 28. subjects individually covered in the thirty-two Price 2s. Paul Elek (Publishers), Ltd. sections into which the book is divided, while This book is devoted almost entirely to the numerous other applications are dealt with in consideration of building materials and an omnibus section. In the longest section constructional methods. Little is said of (128 pages) is presented a resume of most interior equipment. 6 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 Induction-Motor Protection Development of a New Type of Relay By D. £. Bird, m . i . e . e . , and L. B. S. Golds, m . i .e . e . N this article it is proposed to review determined mainly by the allowable tempera I briefly the protection of polyphase induc ture rise of the hottest part of the motor tion motors used for power station and winding. industrial drives of, say, 10 HP or over, Further, protection should be provided which are normally of the direct-started against single-phasing, as this is one of the squirrel-cage type.* Also it is proposed to most prolific causes of motor breakdown. suggest a solution to the problem. Failure of one phase may be due to a bad It is essential to provide protection against contact on the switch, mechanical breakage short-circuits. This may take the form of or the blowing of a fuse. When single- either high-rupturing-capacity fuses or circuit- phasing occurs on a delta-wound motor, breakers with instantaneous release and in the current in the winding directly connected either case they must be capable of dealing across the healthy phases is over 60 per cent, with short-circuits or earth faults occurring above full-load current when the motor is on cables either between the control gear loaded up to only 70 per cent, of full load. and the motor or in the motor itself. In Furthermore, the voltage across the open- circuited phase and a healthy phase of the F ig . I . — C h a r ac te r is tic motor only falls by about 20 per cent. curves obtained With certain drives, stalling of the motor f r o m r e la y fitted with a can occur at starting or whilst running. 5/5-A current This may be due to a very heavy mechanical transformer. S ta r tin g overload or seizure of the bearings and the i c u rv e supply must be disconnected immediately. R u n n in g _ c u rv e Overload protection is not, in general, suffi A.J25 per cent, ciently rapid because all the energy is being s e ttin g B. 105 p e r c e n t, absorbed in the motor with practically no s e ttin g ventilation. This is a very frequent cause of failure of motor driving crushers, grabs, rolling mills and similar loads. Up to the present, motor protective gear has been divided into two types. For very large motors it comprises induction over current, negative-phase- sequence and earth-fault relays; in the case of smaller motors, for which addition, protection is necessary against over the initial cost of such relays is not justified, loading, whether due to lack of lubrication the gear takes the form of a thermal element or to the application of a load in excess of or solenoid with oil dash-pot built into that for which the motor was designed. The the starter equipment. The former type permitted overload and its duration may vary of protection is costly and is not in all cases greatly with the design of the motor. It is very satisfactory. The overload element is not capable of any exact degree of calibration * See also references to the protection of induction motors in I.E.E. Installations Section and the negative-phase-sequence element, papers, “ The Development of Motor Control while giving protection against single-phasing Gear,” by D. Rudd (Electrical Review, February at values of load which might be dangerous 9th and 16th) and “ Excess-Current Protection by Overcurrent Relays on Medium-Voltage to the motor, does not give high-speed Circuits ” by A. G. Shreeve and P. J. Shipton, clearance of single-phase short-circuits. (Electrical Review, May 4th). In the latter type the lowest overload July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 61 setting is almost invariably in the neighbour deg. C. This element has proved very stable hood of 30 per cent, which for modern over a period of more than eleven years totally-enclosed motors is much too high. when used as an indicating instrument. A figure of 5 or 10 per cent, is of the order Owing to the long starting time of some required. If settings of this value are given, motors cannot be started against full load current unless the motor and the load have a very small in ertia. It is therefore essential to match the thermal characteristic of the motor with that of the protective de vices. This is, however, difficult on account of the wide range of de signs of motors on the market to deal with an infinite variety of loads. A serious disadvantage of the solenoid and oil dash-pot time lag is that the time varies naturally with ambient temperature and it is difficult to ensure that motors, amounting at times to 40 sec., and the sticking does not occur at low ambient tem high starting current, of the order of eight peratures when the oil becomes contaminated. times full load, it was decided to supply the Phase-failure protection of small motors is heater of the relay through a special 5 5-A not very common. Protective relays, which current transformer, the core of which would depend for their operation on the relative start to saturate at a current in excess of 100 movement of three bi-metallic strips are per cent, overload. By this means the charac effective only within certain limits of settings teristic curve in Fig. 1 was obtained. Three and loads. Relays which depend upon the of these current transformers are small fall of voltage in the open-circuited phase enough to be mounted on the back of the will only protect a motor which is working case containing three of the thermal elements, above, say, 70 per cent, load, and a delta- that is one for each phase. wound motor may be damaged at this or In order to provide for phase-failure pro less load owing to the open-phase voltage tection, three of the standard thermal ele remaining sufficiently high to prevent opera ments are mounted co-axially on insulated tion of the relay when one phase is open- supports and each element is fitted with a circuited. In any case it is undesirable that system of contacts shown in Fig. 2. The two a motor should operate on two phases for outer movements are connected together to any length o f time. form one pole of the trip circuit, whilst the When considering protection against over centre movement forms the other pole. load and phase failure of boiler-house Under normal conditions all three arms are medium-voltage auxiliary motors, an entirely deflected through the same angle, but in the new relay was developed making use of event of one phase of the supply failing the “P & B” thermal maximum-demand indicator arm of the movement on the open phase elements which employ a coiled bi-metallic tends to move back towards zero, whilst the strip with an independent heater, the time deflection of the other two arms increases lag of which can be changed within limits to until the contacts “ a ” or “ c ” close, thus deal with certain motor characteristics. The completing the trip circuit. This same contact actuating bi-metallic coil is compensated by arrangement will also provide protection an exactly similar element for a range of against an earth fault on the winding which ambient temperature from — 10 to + 6 0 is insufficient to operate the short-circuit 62 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 protection but which causes a current in the of 1/5, as a 1-A rated heater cannot be de faulty phase of, say, 10 per cent, in excess of signed of sufficient size to carry any appre that in the healthy phases. ciable over-current. In the event of an overload the deflection On high-voltage and larger medium-voltage of the three arms increases by the same motors, where the circuit-breakers can break amount until the contacts “ b ” and “ d ” the full short-circuit current, the special close, again completing the trip circuit. The current transformers are housed inside a contact “ d ” can be fixed at a pre-determined larger case along With the thermal elements. setting shown on the left hand scale. The Advantage is taken of the leakage flux from pointer attached to the ceatre arm gives an the transformers under heavy short-circuit indication on the “ running load-’ scale of current conditions to attract a spring-loaded the approximate average load on the motor armature and close the trip circuit, thereby during the preceding ten minutes. rapidly isolating the apparatus for currents The special current transformers also serve ranging from six to fourteen times the rated several other useful purposes. In many cases current. Two flag indicators are provided in the main current transformers supplying the this relay to indicate the operation of the instruments and protective gear may not overload and phase failure elements or of have a current rating of the same value as the short-circuit protective device. the full-load current of the motor. The Operating experience with this relay has transformers are therefore provided with shown that close and very accurate settings tappings at 80, 90 and 100 per cent, so that, of overload can be obtained with good by using the appropriate tapping, the 100 stability and that its thermal characteristics per cent, mark on the “ overload ” and are such that if a motor is stopped after a “ r u n n i n g load ” scales on the relay full-load run it can be restarted after a short corresponds very closely to the full load of time interval. It nevertheless prevents fre the protected motor. quent starting and stopping of the motor On medium-voltage motors, short-circuit without any pause to allow of the machine’s protection is often provided by h.r.c. fuses cooling between successive starts. of appropriate capacity, and in this case the The authors express their thanks to the special current transformers protect the P. & B. Engineering Co., Ltd., and Edmund- heaters against damage by heavy short- sons Electricity Corporation, Ltd., for per circuit currents. They also enable the relay mission to publish the details in this article to be operated from 1-A secondary' main and for assistance in collecting the necessary current transformers when wound for a ratio information. Hire and Hire Purchase Supply Authorities and Purchase Tax ECENTLY the British Electrical Develop- but their policy may be affected by purchase ment Association sent a circular to its tax considerations. Of the remainder some are members asking them (1) if they intended to proposing to offer one or the other system; promote or re-establish hire or hire-purchase only two have decided to employ neither. In schemes for cookers and (2) whether a decision six cases it has been decided to confine hiring in this matter was delayed on account of to the existing stock; nothing had been settled uncertainty with regard to purchase tax. Replies with regard to new cookers. were received from 349 undertakings and these The undertakings who state that purchase have now been analysed. tax was not causing deferment of the considera As many as 209 of the replies indicated that tion of hire and hire-purchase schemes number uncertainty about purchase tax was a hindrance 117, but a large proportion of them stress in the formulation of a policy; thirty of the the need for the early removal of the tax. A undertakings in this category have not yet further 23 did not answer the question and it is made any decision, even provisional, while the assumed that they are in the same position. policy of the others is subject to alteration Of these 140 undertakings whose policy will or modification according to the future of the not be affected by purchase tax 75 intend to purchase tax and such other factors as post offer both hire and hire-purchase schemes. war models and total price. Another 30 propose 47 will offer hire-purchase only, 12 will offer to institute hire-purchase in any case but their hue only and the remaining six have either not decision as regards hiring will depend on yet discussed the matter or have indicated that purchase tax and other factors. Both hire and their policy will be affected by factors other hire-purchase will be employed by another 115 than purchase tax. Ju ly 13, 1945 Electrical Rpte» 63 COMMERCE and IMHNTUl Cheaper Filament Lamps- Service Electricians* Position. Lamp Prices Reduced and raw material reserves. For 1943 a dividend of fr. 16-25 was paid. In January working EDUCTIONS ia the prices of standard- capital was increased by the issne of 3j per cent, K voltage àngîe-coi! acd coOed-ootl tungsten debentures to a total of fr. 100 million. It is e~: lamps are announced by the Electric understood that production is at present Lamp MannlactcreiV Association to taie dect irregular owing to the lack of raw materials as from July 16ih la the case of coüed-coü and fad. The company b continuing research k ra s it is stated that these will be available as work and is stated to have produced an up-to- soon as possible- I: may be remembered that date televirion set. Technical co-operation the Eiectnc Incandescent Lamps ■ Control i with the G-E-C and E.M.L has been resumed. Older. 1942 iS R & O 1942 No. 26211 pro hibited the production. save unde- licence, Power Engineers' Salaries of all lamps of ibis type excep: the 40-W sire '200-260 Vi, projector lamps aad lamps for a As there w as no agasâraat rise in the cost-of- special purpose requiring a concectraïed light living index daring the first six months of the source. year there wiEi be no revision of the schedule Tborn Electrical Industries. Ltd- also of the National Joint Board o f Employers and announce a redocoon in the prices of their Members o f Stair i Electricity Supply Industry i. ” Alias lamps. Consequently for the six months from July ist power engineers' salaries will remain as shown in the last printed schedule which was re Control of German Electrical Industry produced in the Electrical Reriev of January Mr. Charles H PovreL President o f the 12th last (p. 531- American Institute of Electrical Engineers- and an oiodal of trie Westingboose Electric £ Wages in the Contracting Industry adm is g Co_ win be chief of the electrical and radio branch of the United States Group The Joint Industrial Council for the Electrical Control Council for Germany, it is announced Contracting Industry announces that the by the U.S. War Department- Control «ill cost-oi-fiving (war» addition to employees' be established under w hich German industries wages will remain at the same level as from »ill be permittee to resume, or convert to, the the third pay-day in July to the second pay-day manufacture of civilian goods. It «ill also be in October. The amounts per hour are as the task of the Control to see that the German follows :—Labour over 21 years of age. 6d. : electrical and radio producers do not manu labour between 18 and 21. 4d_: labour under 18. 2d. These amounts include the extra Id. facture war material or contribute to the per hour awarded under the agreement of production of armaments.— Reuter fW ssking- September 6th. 1944. the operation of which UHU- has been extended for six months. The hourly rates of pay for adult journeymen L i c e o s i i s of Building Work electricians are as follows “ Spotter ” electric vulcanisers for repairing air heating coils and inlet and outlet blowers vehicle tyres, anti-static rubber boots for use in suitable for telephone exchanges and high- explosives factories, and “ Ecta ” conducting voltage chambers or storage of electrical goods rubber tyres for the tail wheel of aircraft whereby and other commodities; also “ Lectrofilters " static charge is instantly earthed. Other for removing oil vapour as well as “ Lectro- exhibits include battery boxes and electrical breathers ” for transformers and storage tanks components made of ebonite as well as anti- incorporating a colour-changing device for vibration mountings for aircraft instrument visually indicating when reactivation is required. panels. United Steel Companies, Ltd., 17, Westbourne Philips Patents in America Road, Sheffield, 10.—List of products (A-Z No. USC 231) with sizes, reference numbers and The Radio Corporation of America and the remarks, arranged alphabetically to indicate National Bank and Trust Co., trustee for from which branches of the eight constituent Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken, formerly of manufacturers they may be obtained, including Eindhoven, Holland, have announced an agree iron and steel parts of many kinds as well as ment granting the Radio Corporation non coal, coke and chemical derivatives. exclusive rights to continue the licensing of other manufacturers under United States Macrome, Ltd., Alcester, Warwickshire.— patents held by Philips. The agreement became Folder on reorganised and co-ordinated trans effective on July 1st and remains in force until port explaining how and where cutting machine December 31st, 1954. tools may be sent for treatment by the com The Radio Corporation has also been granted pany’s process at branches in Great Britain and similar rights to license the United States Northern Ireland. Charges and some examples Government directly for the duration of of actual cost are mentioned and an outline of hostilities and the six months following. No the treatment is included. details are available in connection with the Applicants for copies of these publications financial arrangements provided for under the should write on business letter headings. new agreement.—Reuter's Trade Service (New York). Annual Holidays The works of B. Kimber, Allen & Co., Fatalities Myron Place, London, S.E.13, will be closed Shock from Kettle.—At an inquest at Elles from July 27th to August 13th for the annual mere Port on Mrs. M. L. Lucas (48), an employee holidays. of the Mersey Power Co. stated that he examined Ijrskine, Heap & Co., Ltd., are closing their the electrical connections and earth of the works from July 27th until August 7th. kettle from which she apparently received a shock and found everything in order. The Trade Announcement coroner said that Mrs. Lucas must have taken hold of the connector of the switched-on kettle The new telephone number of S. D. Sullam, with wet hands and received a fatal shock. Ltd., is Gerrard 9372/3. Wire along Garden Fence.—Through taking hold of an electric wire which ran along the fence from the kitchen to a shed at the bottom of the garden, Mrs. L. E. Rodd (24), of Thornton TRADE MARKS Heath, received a fatal shock. X HE following are among recent applica- Tinfoil from Aeroplane.—Mrs. M. Cuthbert- tions tor the registration of trade marks. son, of Holmpton, East Yorkshire, was killed Objections to any of them may be entered when she took hold of a piece of tinfoil dropped within one month from July 4th -— by a training aircraft which had become Diamond. No. 634,173, Class 1. Prepara entangled with overhead electric lines. tions in liquid form for use in low-voltage electric accumulators.—Diamond Accumulator Trade Publications Co., Ltd., 24, High Street, Southend-on-Sea. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., Bridle EXJ9L- No. 628,695, Class 7. Portable Path, Watford Junction, Watford, Herts.— power-driven tools; flexible shaft driven tools; Illustrated brochure (No. L.765/M) specifying flexible power transmission apparatus (not for standard types of vitreous enamelled reflectors ; vei 5 e, .Propulsion systems); and parts now commercially available for industrial (not included in other classes) of such tools and lighting with tungsten and mercury discharge .moto.rs (not for land vehicles).— lamps, their optical as well as mechanical and i “ t0r r£ng‘“ ™S Co., Ltd., Flextol Works. electrical designs being described. Wild-Barfield Electric Furnaces, Ltd.. Watford x srs)7,s«®„sA T° b' By-pass Road, Watford, Herts.—Technical A t o m i x e . N o. B632.813, Class 7 Air brochure (M.645/WBR) describing a portable 1 -5-kW testing- furnace for determining the accuracy of pyrometers of the thermo-couple type. r » ’: SS23S5 Birlec, Ltd., Tyburn Road, Erdington, Road Su11on, Su rre >\ xc’ Ltd., 3, Bridge Birmingham, 24.—illustrated booklet (No. 61) S k i p p a . N o. 634 699 Clace 1 1 ci * - briefly describing various applications of lighting installations,' electric lighting fi tings0 “ Lectrodryers ” for air and other gases, electric domestic apparatus for heating cooking single and dual adsorption models utilising and refrigerating. — R . S. Antrobus, 60 M eld granulated activated alumina, including air way, Southgate, N.14. To be awnrin'.j 1 . conditioning types incorporating reactivating No. 628,689 (3460) xi and another d Wlth July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 67 ELECTRICITY SUPPLY Leicester Extension. Northern Ireland Inquiry. Barrow-in-Furness.— Proposed Business Two- D istribution Extensions. —A supply is to Part Tariff. —At a meeting of the Electricity be given to the Fairwater housing estate at a Committee the electrical engineer suggested the cost of £3,761, and substations, mains, etc., are introduction of a two-part tariff for cinemas, to be provided at Pearl Street (£4,500) and shops and business premises. After discussion Cowbridge Road (£2,450)v the committee adjourned consideration of the Chesterfield.— Commissioners’ Inquiry. —-The matter until the next meeting. Derbyshire & Nottinghamshire Power Co. has Apparatus for Hire. —The Committee has obtained sanction to borrow £1,500 for hired promoted a Bill for the extension of its area and opposition has been entered by the Chesterfield apparatus. and Mansfield Corporations, the Bolsover and Extensions. —A supply is to be provided to Monk Coniston Hall, Coniston, etc. (£3,220); Staveley Urban District Councils and the Scales Park Farm, Aldingham (£1,362), and Chesterfield R.D.C. An inquiry into the Tummerhill housing estate (£3,800). , matter was held by Mr. H. Nimmo, Electricity Commissioner, at the Chesterfield Town Hall Billingham-on-Tees.—Electricity for Tem on Tuesday last. porary Houses. —Following a questionnaire submitted to housing applicants, the Urban Darlington.— Supply to Tem porary Houses. Council has decided to install electricity for all —Electricity services are to be provided by the purposes in 300 temporary houses. Town Council for temporary houses to be built at East Cemetery at a cost of about £4,000. Birkenhead. —- C onsultants’ Fees. — With Loan for M eters. —The Town Council is regard to the decision to extend the generating seeking loan sanction for £ 1,020 for electricity station by the provision of a third 50,000-kW meters for new houses. set to be commissioned in the autumn of 1949, and appropriate boilers of the same manufacture Hammersmith.—Supply to L.C.C. E s t a t e . — as the first two equipments, Merz & McLellan, The Electricity Committee has reported that the consultants, have informed the Electricity the London County Council requires a supply Committee that they are unable to reduce the for forty-four temporary houses on its White percentage of their fees to the extent suggested City estate. The L.C.C. has agreed to bear 'the by the Committee. The Committee has decided cost of the distribution mains and services but to refer the question of the consultants’ fees to has suggested that as the houses will be “ all the Electricity Commissioners. electric ” no charge should be made for the necessary l.v. mains which will be required later Birmingham.—W artim e A ctivities of U nder for the supply to the permanent buildings. The t a k i n g . —At last week’s meeting of the City Committee has agreed and says that the cost of Council Alderman H. A. Sale, dealing with the l.v. mains required for a permanent supply to accounts of the Electric Supply Department, the estate will be £ 1,000 and additional distribu said during the war more than £5,000,000 tion mains and services for the supply to the capital money had been spent and more than temporary houses will be £680, and it is recom £4,250,000 had been provided for the redemption mended that the work should be approved. of debt. The revenue of the Department had The existing substations on the estate are risen from £3,200,000 in 1939 to £4,700,000 in already fully loaded in the winter and larger 1945 without any increase in tariffs except for transformers will have to be installed. the operation of the normal coal clauses in the New Showrooms.'—In May the Council case of large consumers. Every effort was being approved the proposal of the Electricity Com made to avoid tariff increases. During the war mittee to acquire, for £7,500, a site for the nearly 5,000 million kWh had been supplied erection of new showrooms and offices, with to war factories. The new power station workshops, stores, garage, etc. The Finance extensions at Hams Hall “ B,” costing more than Committee has now recommended that the £5,000,000, had been carried out during the war money shall not be borrowed but provided from notwithstanding the difficulties in obtaining the current year’s revenue of the undertaking. sufficient labour and materials. S u p p l y t o “ O l y m p i a . ” —Owing to the Blackpool.—Farm Supplies. —The Electricity requisitioning of “ Olympia ” by the War Committee has asked the electrical engineer to Department the 1935 agreement with the report on the provision of an electricity supply company lapsed. The Electricity Committee to farm premises at Peel. has now agreed that the supply shall be resumed on the same terms and conditions subject to the Cardiff.—Conversion of Street Lighting.— appropriate “ war-costs ” surcharge and adjust The Corporation is considering reports on the ment of price for any e.h.v. supply. conversion of gas street lamps to electricity. The city engineer is to make a survey so that Leicester. — Extensions at Freeman’s any gas lamps in a state of disrepair may be M eadow Station. —A scheme for the extension converted to electric lighting immediately. and large scale reorganisation of the generating College Bakeries. —Having considered a station at Freeman’s Meadow, costing suggestion by the electrical engineer that up-to- £1,300,000 has been recommended to the City date equipment should be provided for the Council. It provides for a new 31,500-kW bakeries at the Technical College, the Electricity turbo-generator and two boilers. Three new Committee has decided to ask the College cooling towers are needed and these are to Committee to specify the requirements so that be erected on the Leicestershire county cricket the matter can be further considered. ground. It is expected that in a few years 6 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 the Leicester City football ground will be management expenses had been charged to acquired for further extensions. In addition capital. The investor who put his £100 into to the new cooling towers, there will be a 350-ft. the Board got his 3 per cent, whether or not chimney stack which will replace three existing the undertaking earned it, whereas the investor 250-ft. stacks. who put his money into a company had to depend upon the ability of the company. London.— New Transmission Line. —The London Power Co. has applied to the Electricity Stockton-on-Tees.—Substation Construc Commissioners for approval of the installation t i o n . —The Electricity Commissioners have of a 66-kV main transmission line from the suggested to the Town Council that substations Battersea station to Gipsy Corner, Acton, at a to be built in the immediate future should be cost of £ 120,000 to meet the increased load in steel-framed with duro-steel or corrugated iron the western area of the Metropolitan E.S. Co. covering owing to labour shortage which prevents the erection of the usual type of sub Middlesex.—Food Conveyors.— A number of electrically preheated conveyors for serving food station. The Council is to press the Com are being provided by the County Council at the missioners to agree to brick substations. North Middlesex Hospital at a cost of £1,645. West Hartlepool.—Supply Extensions. —The The action follows complaints concerning the Town Council is to spend over £14,000 on the arrangements for conveying meals from the distribution of electricity to the Challoner Road kitchen to the wards. and Jesmond Gardens Estate, Stockton Road- Caledonian Road area, and the Park Square Northern Ireland.—Inquiry into Develop area. m ent Scheme.—The Northern Ireland Electricity Board’s application for confirmation of its No. 8 Woking. — Extension Application. — The Development Scheme, which covers parts of the Woking Electric Supply Co., Ltd., has applied counties of Antrim and Londonderry, was the to the Electricity Commissioners for a further subject of an inquiry opened by Judge Sheil in extension of time under the Special Enactments Belfast last week. On the first day Mr. Wynn (Extension of Time) Act, 1940, in respect of Parry, K.C., opened the case for the Board. that part of its area of supply authorised by Objections were lodged by the Antrim the Woking Electric Supply Company Lighting Electricity Supply Co. and the Antrim Electricity Order, 1900. Distribution Co., subsidiaries of the British Woolwich.—Expedition of Extension. —In Electric Traction Co. They stated that they 1943 the Council was directed by the Central were willing and able to extend their systems Electricity Board to install a new 30,000-kW when new demands arose. The compulsory generating set with the necessary boiler plant, acquisition of any or all the undertakings was etc., to be ready by the winter of 1947-48. The not justifiable and would be unfair to those upon Board has now directed that the work shall be whom had fallen the burden of developing expedited so that the new set may be in com supplies in their areas during the pioneering mercial operation by September, 1946. The period. Similar objections were read from the cost of the work is estimated at £636,455. Limavady Electric Supply Co., Leithwood, Ltd., Antrim Light & Power Co., Glenarm & District Workington.—Heating Installation. —The Electricity Supply Co., Antrim Town Com Health Committee is to invite the Electricity missioners and Antrim Rural Council. Judge and Gas Departments to submit tenders for Sheil stated that Ballyclare Urban Council had heating the ambulance station. also objected. Carrickfergus Council had offered no objection, subject to certain pro TRANSPORT visions. Cardiff.—Trolley-bus Plans. —The Trans Mr. A. W. Ferguson, chief administrative port Committee recommends that powers should officer of the Board, said that the Board could be obtained to run trolley-buses on various give a cheap and adequate supply and con routes. sumers would benefit. Cross-examined, he stated that in the event of the scheme being Leicester.—Supersession of Trams. —A six- approved some of the undertakings might not year plan for the abolition of the city trams be taken over for some time. and their replacement by motor-buses is expected On Saturday Mr. Arthur Collins, financial to be complete by 1952. A report presented adviser to local governments, gave evidence. to the Transport Committee by Mr. C. H. He said he had been asked to advise the Antrim Stafford, the general manager, indicates that Electricity Supply Co., and the Antrim Elec on the basis of present costs, replacement of tricity Distribution Co. of the effect on them obsolete buses and purchases of new buses to if the development scheme were approved. facilitate the change-over will cost £701,950. One effect would be to place the Electricity The future requirements of the Department are Board in the position of being able to acquire 106 buses to replace obsolete vehicles, 19 for compulsorily the undertakings of the two improvement of service, and 132 to carry out companies. * His view was that the companies the replacement of the tramways. should not be deprived of their rights unless Manchester.—Proposed Joint Committee.— there was evidence of disregard on their part At a conference held on June 20th a resolution of the public interest. They certainly could not was passed expressing the view that, in the public be dismissed on the ground of bad conduct. interest, a Joint Transport Advisory Committee If the whole area were taken over by the Board was desirable. The Committee should, it was there would be no incentive to healthy com considered, be constituted by the following petition. He expressed the opinion that the transport undertakings :—the Corporations of financial undertaking of the Board was not Ashton-under-Lyne, Bolton, Bury, Manchester successful until 1938 or possibly early in 1939. Oldham, Rochdale, Salford and Stockport and Until 1935 the Board was being “ nursed ” by the Stalybridge, Hyde, Mossley and Dukinfield legislation. In nine years the sum of £216,901 Transport and Electricity Board. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 37 AIR BREAK f m a m V i o i 4 iX fU im el-cage m o t c m OIL-IMMERSED WORKS: ASTON, BIRMINGHAM 6 Sales Headquarters : BRETTENHAM HOUSE, LANCASTER PLACE, W.C .2 38 Electrical R eview July 13, 1945 MACAULAY 4 5 5 5 D A Y and NIGHT BURDETTE’S ELECTRICAL SERVICE R epairs armatures alternators coils EWINDS STATORS CONVERTORS OF ALL EDESIGNS ROTORS TRANSFORMER TYPES NSTALLATIONS OF POWER AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS I NSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE CONTRACTS reakdowns of electrical machinery B A SPECIAL SKILLED TEAM AVAILABLE NOTHING TOO SMALL—NOTHING TOO LARGE TH E RIB BROUGHT LIFE TO EVE BURDETTE’S brings life to electrical plant ALL ENQUIRIES TO BURDETTE & CO. LTD., STONHOUSE ST., CLAPHAM, LONDON,S.W.4 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 6 9 FIVWCIAI. SECTION Company News. Stock Exchange Activities. E.P.T. A sum of £14,376 (£17,873) is trans Reports and Dividends ferred to general reserve and after maintaining The Isle of Thanet Electric Supply Co.. Ltd., the dividend for the year at 9 per cent., £10,010 reports a profit of £34.209 for 1944 and the (£10,065) is carried forward. total available with other income is £36.551. The Broadcast Relay Service, Ltd., in its After meeting debenture interest and sinking accounts for the year ended March 31st last, fund a balance of £13,806 is set against the shows a profit, including net dividends from loss of £35,872 brought forward, reducing it to subsidiaries and after provision for E.P.T., £22,066. The report records the death of the of £135,439, against £135,784 for 1943-44. chairman Mr. A. R. Hoare: he has been suc Premium and redemption expenses of preference ceeded by Colonel N. R. Elliott. Reference is shares require £14,432 (£12,129) and £50,000 made in the report and in the chairman’s speech (same) is allocated to reserve for replacements circulated with it to the proposal of the Margate and contingencies. A final ordinary- dividend and Broadstair's Councils to acquire the com of 34 per cent, maintains the distribution for pany's undertaking. (See Electrical Review, the year at 7 per cent., free of tax, and £46,950 July 6th. page 18.) It is stated that it is not yet (£39,925) is carried forward. A staff pensions possible to estimate accurately the result of a fund is to be established and an initial sum of sale. £20,000 has been set aside. The Watford Electric & Manufacturing Co.- At the meeting of the company on July 31st Ltd., reports a trading profit for 1944 of £50,130 resolutions will be proposed to convert the whole (against £65,719), together with other income of of the unissued capital of £391,900 into ordinary £194 (£331). There is also £3.393 (nil) from shares of 5s. and to convert the 266,600 ordinary tax provision not now- required. Taxation shares issued last October into stock. Another absorbs £37,643 (£58,297). £1.000 (same) goes resolution proposes to increase the maximum to building reserve and £5,000 (nil) to post-war number of directors from eight to ten. change-over reserve. Interim ordinary dividends totalling 15 per cent, (same) were paid on larger Franco Signs. Ltd.—Combined trading profits capital: there is no final dividend. A sum of of subsidiaries, after meeting all expenses, tax £25,470 (£21,546) is carried forward. and depreciation, amounted to £30,970 (against £28,578) and a net dividend of £10,000 (same) The Morgan Crucible Co., Ltd.—The accounts has been received. The net premium of £20,955 for the year to March 31st last show a profit of received on the Franco Signs share issue in £488,391 (against £794,219), after providing March has been transferred to reserve, together for depreciation, and including profits of with £3,958 from revenue account. A dividend subsidiaries. To this are added £69,337 of 10 per cent, is paid on 400,000 old shares for (£41,625) dividends and interest and £60,786 the year ended March 31st last (same) and l £44,283) specific reserves no longer required. £7,570 (£11,467) is carried forward. Taxation of profits to date is £274,757 (£652,112). The final ordinary dividend is Ward & Goldstone, Ltd., are paying a special Is. 6d. per £1 stock, making 2s. 3d. (against 2s.), bonus of 5 per cent, as well as the usual dividend plus 6 quickly left behind, and the price rose to 44s. 6d. STOCKS AND SHARES The amalgamated companies had both been Tuesday Evening. paving 20 per cent, dividends, but it is difficult ^jiTOCK. EXCHANGE markets regard with to forecast what distribution will be made under confidence the probable return to power the new arrangements. Market estimates put of the Prime Minister and his part}’, when the the possible dividend at 7+ per cent. If this results of the voting come to be published. An should be realised, the yield at 44s. 6d. would be occasional note of hesitation crept into certain a little under 3+ per cent, on the money. This is markets, but for a week or more there has been purely guesswork, though on the figures which sufficient support available to bring about a are available, a 7+ per cent, dividend on the steady improvement in quotations. If it should ordinary shares should be well within the new prove that the Socialists are in the majority, a company ’s capacity. fairly general fall is expected to take place. Radio Shares On the other hand, a Conservative victory and The strength of industrial shares as a whole working majority are thought likely to encourage has found reflection in the radio market. an influx of buyers who have been waiting in Cossor have risen 3s. to 42s. 6d. and E.M.I. order to see how the election will go, before are up Is. 6d. to 35s. 6d. Active business they invest money they have ready for employ continues to be done in J. & F. Stone around ment. 12s. and Broadcast Relay', now at 22s. 6d. Market Improvements Buyers pay tribute to the television prospects of the companies, and the price of Cinema Tele Southern Railway 5 per cent, preference and vision deferred has strengthened to 8s. 9d. preferred stocks are up to 118^ and 75+ res After the proposed reorganisation of the capital, pectively. British Electric Traction deferred at the present holder of one Cinema Television 1,200 is 20 points better, and Thomas Tiffing deferred will possess four shares under the new shares hardened to 58s. Home electricity shares structure. Radio Rentals ordinary are 30s. ex are very' firm: British Power & Light at 32s. the rights to new shares offered at 22s. 6d. in and County of London at 42s. 6d. are higher. the proportion of one new for twelve old. The The Indian group holds its recent good gains. new shares are quoted at about 6s. premium. Calcutta Trams rose to 77s. 6d. Now .that the E. K. Cole at 41s. 3d. have regained their decline company’s newr shares have secured more or less of last week. permanent homes. East African Power remain firm at 35s. 6d. the new shares, issued at 29s., General Electric being quoted 6s. premium. The bombing of The report and accounts of the General Japanese cities led to selling of Tokyo Electric Electric Co. are on the point of being published; sixes, and the price fell back 2+ to 24+. Anglo- last year, the report appeared on July 18th. Portuguese Telephones have gained Is. at 29s. The company then repeated, for the fourth Telephone Rentals put on 9d., to 12s. 6d. consecutive year, the dividend of 17-J per cent. In the three previous years, 1938-1940 inclusive, The Rising Tide the dividend and bonus together were 20 per Amongst the higher-priced shares, De la Rue cent., and last year there was some hope that have recovered to 11 -¡V—nearly £1 above the this rate would be restored. The earnings, “ election ” price. Metal Industries “ B,” on the ordinary' shares, however, were a trifle with a gain of Is. 6d. to 51s. 6d. are 6s. higher under 20 per cent. Anticipation looks for a than they were a month ago. Crompton repetition of the 17+ per cent, for the past year. Parkinsons added a florin to their previous The board has frequently been asked to pay 32s. and English Electrics are equally harder at dividends half yearly, instead of annually as 55s. Henley’s are a good spot at 28s. For at present. Siemens, persistent demand raised the price to New Preference Shares 38s. 6d. and Johnson & Phillips, also pressingly wanted, rose to 78s. 6d. W ard & It will be remembered that last November. Goldstone have increased their previous dividend 2,000.000 44 per cent. “ C ” preference shares of 20 per cent, to 25 per cent., of which 5 per were created, for which Morgan Grenfell last cent, is declared as bonus, and the price advanced December undertook to subscribe at par. to 31s. 6d. Walsall Conduits rose Is. to 54s. 6d. The proceeds were to be applied to repay the following upon the excellent report. Murex loan shown in the balance sheet at March 31st, changed hands at the advanced price of £5. 1944. of practically the same amount. These, Hopkinsons at 86s. are is up, Ransome & “ C ” preference shares are now marketable, Maries at 4i are similarly better. A shilling and are changing hands on the basis of 22 s. 6d. rise lifted Ever Ready to 42s. 6d. Allen Wests The price of the ordinary shares has risen to 6 gained the pence at 8s. 3d. 98s. d. comparing with last year's highest of 99s. 6d. and a lowest of 52s. 6d. at the time of British Insulated Callender’s the fall of France in 1940. At the present price Active dealings started last week in the the yield, on a 17+ per cent, dividend basis, is shares of the British Insulated Callender’s £3 11s. 6 The numbers under which the specifications will be H. Hughes & Son, Ltd., D. O. Sproule and printed and abridged are given in parentheses. A. J. Hughes.—“ Echo sounding apparatus.” Copies of any specification (lr. each) may be 681. January 9th, 1939. (570133.) obtained from the Patent Office, 25, Southampton Igranic Electric Co., Ltd., and J. V. Wredden. Buildings, London, W.C.2. —“ Manufacture of electrical components with IRCRAFT-MARINE Products, Inc. — moulded plastic coatings.” 9741. June 17th, A “ Electrical connectors.” 2119/44. 1943. (570108.) February 6 th, 9143. (570064.) H. W. K. Jennings (Trans-Lux Corporation). Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget. —“ Travelling message signs and control —“ Voltage regulating switch for storage means for electrically energisable elements.” batteries.” 13513/43. September 2nd, 1942. 20632. December 9th, 1943. (570097.) (570047.) Johnson, Matthey & Co., Ltd., E. R. Box H. T. Bourne.—“ Reversing gear for elec and E. J. Wyeth.—“ Manufacture and pro trically driven rotary shafts and the like.” duction of electrical resistors with a low 15697. September 24th, 1943. (570020.) inductance.” 20918. December 14th, 1943. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd.— (570026.) “ Electron tube frequency converters.” 15453/ Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph Co., Ltd., and 43. September 25th, 1942. (570008.) “ High L. C. Styles.—“ Thermionic valve switching frequency transmission lines.” 3200/41. March circuit.” 18708. November 10th, 1943. 8th, 1940. (570136.) (570094.) British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., Okonite-Callender Cable Co., Inc. — and J. H. Walker.—“ Heteropolar inductor “ Apparatus for the drying of air.” 8515/43. alternators.” 9753. June 17th, 1943. (570107.) July 3rd, 1942. (570105.) “ Inductor alternators.” 15819. September G. F. N. Oliver.— Secondary electric 27th, 1943. (570125.) batteries.” 15690. September 24th, 1943. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., (570019.) J. Moir and W. S. Graff-Baker.—“ Thermionic A. W. Pimm, C. Cutler and Metropolitan- valve voltage regulators.” 21907. December Vickers • Electrical Co., Ltd.—“ Devices for 31st, 1943. (570162.) drawing off samples of liquid from containers.” Brush Development Co. — “ Means for 15487. September 21st, 1943. (570010.) reducing surface leakage in high impedance D. S. B. Shannon and H. Craske.—“ Secret alternating current generators.” 429/43. communication by means of electronic devices.” January 8th, 1942. (570043.) 16293. December 17th, 1941. (570140.) Carborundum Co.—“ Electrical resistances.” N. A. Tucker. — “ Resistance welding 15678/43. September 24th, 1942. (570049.) machines.” 20917. December 14th, 1943. C. J. Carter and Pye, Ltd.—“ Arrangement (570025.) for indicating standing electromagnetic waves Vickers-Armstrongs, Ltd., J. C. Clifton and in waveguides.” 2961. February 23rd, 1943. F. W. Rabarts.—“ Means for the control of (570080.) photo-electric cells.” Cognate applications. Chloride Electrical Storage Co., Ltd. (C. C. 2982/43 and 975/44. February 23rd, 1943. White).—“ Retainers or separators for electric (570102.) accumulators.” 18896. November 12th, 1943. Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co., Ltd., A. G. (570055.) Kershaw and A. W. Simmons.—“ Electrically J. D. Dean and J. H. Clarke.—“ Electrical insulated pipe couplings or the like.” 48. driving systems for ship propellers.” 12160. January 3rd, 1944. (570130.) July 26th, 1943. (570118.) Westinghouse Electric International Co.— English Electric Co., Ltd., and R. D. Ball. “ Heat exchange apparatus.” 11617/43. July “ Heteropolar inductor alternators.” 15513. 29th, 1942. (570115.) September 22nd, 1943. (570014.) W. Whiteley & Sons, Ltd., and H. Lumb.— J. L. French, J. R. Packman and Plessey Co., “ Electrical means for detecting the presence Ltd.—“ Projection system for the inspection of of metal bodies in textile fabrics.” 21688. internal surfaces.” 15771. September 25th, December 25th, 1943. (570063.) 1943. (570022.) General Electric Co., Ltd., and R. J. Clayton. —“ Aerial feeders.” 248. January 7th, 1942. Automatic Controlling and Recording (570038.) HE Institution of Chemical Engineers, the General Electric Co., Ltd., and C. R. Dunham. TInstitute of Physics and the Chemical Engi —“ Electrical transmission lines.” 8451. May neering Group of the Society of Chemical 26th, 1943. (570087.) Industry announce that the one-day joint R. C. Graseby.—“ Apparatus for measuring conference on ‘ Instruments for the Automatic angular velocities.” 12437. July 30th, 1943. Controlling and Recording of Chemical and other (570146.) Processes, which was postponed in September F. M. Hills.—“ Radio receivers.” 18421. last, will take place at the Royal Institution, November 5th, 1943. (570092.) London, on Friday, October 19th next. Further A. Hobson and F. C. Smith & Co. (Trans particulars will be sent in September to those formers), Ltd.—“ Current transformers.” 21026. sending a request to the Organising Secretary December 15th, 1943. (Addition to 555739.) Joint Conference, c/o the Institution of Chemical (570059.) Engineers, 56, Victoria Street, London, S.W.l. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 7 3 CONTRACT INFORMATION Accepted Tenders and Prospective Electrical Work Cupar (Fife).—Town Council. Accepted. Contracts Open Electric street lighting (£4,226).— Metropolitan Where " Contracts Open " are advertised in our Vickers. " Offic ial Notices ” section the date o f the issue Manchester.—Health Committee. Accepted. is given in parentheses. Potato peeling machine.—Peerless Elec. Mfg. Birkenhead.—July 16th. Electricity Depart Co. ment. Transformers. (July 6th.) Education Committee. Accepted. Rectifier Birmingham.—July 20th. Electricity Depart for College of Technology.—Hewittic Electric ment. Circulating water pipework, etc., for Co. Hams Hall “ B " power station extensions. Wallasey.—Electricity Committee. Accepted (June 29th.) for three years. Cables.—British Insulated Chichester.—August 17th. City Council. Cables; Crompton Parkinson. 250 25-A house About 20 miles of 11 kV and control cables and service meters (£441).—Sangamo Weston. accessories. (See this issue.) Worthing.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. Littleborough.—July 23rd. Electricity Depart Switchgear (£1,055).—Crompton Parkinson. ment. 11-kV ring-main unit and l.v. switchgear. Transformer (£750).—G.E.C. (July 6th.) Manchester.—July 20th. Electricity Com Contracts in Prospect mittee. 33-kV and auxiliary and telephone Particulars o f new works and building schemes for cables between Barton generating station and the use of electrical installation contractors and Benchill substation. (July 6th.) traders. Publication in this section is no guarantee July 30th. Electricity Department. Manu that electrical work is definitely included. Alleged facture, testing and delivery at Stuart Street inaccuracies should be reported to the Editors. generating station of 33,000-V cable. (See this Abernethy (Perthshire).—Houses (14) with issue.) electrical work; L. A. Rolland, quantity New Zealand.—September 18th. Public Works surveyor, 47, High Street, Leven, Fife. Department. One 23,000-BHP turbine and Ashton-in-Makerlield.—Houses (30), Rectory 16,667-BHP generator for Waitaki power Road site; surveyor, Town Hall. scheme. Birkenhead.—Premises for pasteurising milk Oulton, near Leeds.—July 16th. West Riding plant; Wirral Milk Supplies, Ltd. Mental Deficiency Act Committee. Rewiring Canteen kitchen for school meals; B. Robin of Oulton Hall Institution. Specifications, etc., from the county architect, County Hall, Wake son, borough engineer. field. Bolsover.—Houses (50), Moor Lane estate; surveyor and architect, Council Offices, Bolsover, Southampton.—August 1st. Electricity De partment. Cables and domestic appliances. near Chesterfield. (See this issue.) Bootle.—Rebuilding 17 houses, Aintree Road, Williams Avenue, etc.; W. A. Harrison, Whittingham, Preston.—August 3rd. Mental borough engineer. Hospital. Supply and erection of generating plant and other electrical gear. (See this issue.) Bournemouth.—Printing works, Essex Terrace; Bournemouth Times, Ltd. Willesden.—July 16th. Electricity Depart Home and school, The Broadway; Victoria ment. Street lighting columns and lanterns. Home for Crippled Children. (July 6th.) Offices and bottling premises, Palmerston Road; Malmesbury & Parsons Dairies, Ltd. Orders Placed Burntisland (Fife).—Housing scheme; G. H. Rodger, burgh surveyor. Barrow-in-Furness.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. Thirty-six lamp standards and Bury.—Reconstruction of public swimming lanterns (£341).—Edison Swan Electric Co. baths; J. Chadwick, borough engineer. Two 500-kVA transformers (£866).—English Caernarvonshire.—Proposed wiring of Capel Electric Co. Curig Council School, Capel Curig Old Birkdale.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. Schools and Beddegelert Council School; Mercury arc rectifier (£2,240).—Electric Con county architect, Caernarvon. struction Co. Cardiff.—Improvements, Sloper Road trans Birkenhead. — Electricity Committee. port depot (£10,980); city engineer. Accepted. Paper-insulated cables.—Scottish Cables; Aberdare Cables; and Britannic Caterham.—Rebuilding works of Caterham Electric Cable & Construction Co. Rubber- Motor Co., Ltd., Croydon Road; Rix & Rix, insulated cables.—Scottish Cables; Mersey High Street, Burnham, Bucks. Cable Works; and Wm. Geipel. Meters.— Cheltenham.—Factory, Victoria Street; Vic British Electric Meters; Landys & Gyr; toria Cabinet Co. English Electric Co.; and Sangamo Weston. Factory, Grove Street; Globe Shopfitting & Cardiff.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. Joinery Co. Dust extraction plant (£2,050).—Sturtevant Flats, The Priory, 'Lansdown. Road; T. Engineering Co. Bugbird & Sons, Ltd. E 7 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1943 Cupar (Fife).—Housing scheme; R. W. Renfrewshire.—Sewage purification scheme Morrison, burgh surveyor. and refuse destructor; county clerk, Paisley. Dalkeith.—Houses (20), with electrical work; Richmond (Yorks).—Permanent houses, East- R. K. M’Condochie, town clerk, Municipal field Avenue; borough engineer. Buildings. Rotherham.—Office block, Eastwood trading Darlington.—Additions to “ A ” foundry, estate; C. Walker & Co. York Street; T. Summerson & Sons, Ltd. Houses (100), East Herringthorpe site; Civic centre; E. Minors, borough engineer. C. des Forges, town clerk, Municipal Offices. Derbyshire.—Kitchen and dining centre at Salford.—Remand home, George Street Bradwell Council School; J. Harrison, county (£4,890); city engineer. architect, St. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Sheffield.—New College of Technology; W. Essex.—Extensions, Broomfield County Hos George Davies, city architect. pital (£70,000); youth centre, Maldon (£3,080); Southport.—School canteens (£43,052); and health centre, Witham; county architect, borough engineer. Chelmsford. Stockton - on - Tees. — Preserves and mineral Hinckley.—Houses (47), Middlefield estate; water factories; C.W.S., 1, Balloon Street, J. S. Featherston, surveyor, Council Offices, Manchester. Station Road. Factory for Kennedy & Co., Ltd.; F. W. Kingsclere and Whitchurch.—Houses (36), Turnbull, architect, White House, Carlton. Burghclere and Overton, for R.D.C.; F. Stretford.—Rebuilding 44 houses; borough Henshaw, architect, Westminster Bank Chambers, Andover. engineer. Tottenham.—Garden city for 3,000, Harlow, Kirkcudbright.—Permanent houses (26) at Essex; borough engineer. Lochfoot, with electrical work; county clerk, Kirkcudbright. Tynemouth.—Conversion of premises in Percy Liverpool.—Works, Stopgate Lane, Fazaker- Gardens and Cleveland Terrace into flats; ley; Beaver Paint Co., Ltd., 20, Tithebarn W. Stockdale, architect, 73, Howard Street, Street. N orth Shields. Works, Edwards Lane, Speke; MacCartney Flats (46), Bird Street and Front Street; & Green, Ltd., leather goods manufacturers, borough engineer. 4-6, Great College Street. Rebuilding classrooms, Spring Gardens School (£1,420); J. H. Rogers, builder, North London.—Huts at Briston School of Building Shields. (£5,100); Wm. Harbrow, Ltd. Stoke Newington. —Flats, Milton Grove Wakefield.—Houses (24), several sites, for (£78,000); borough architect. R .D .C .; surveyor, Council Offices, 18, St. Johns North. North Riding.—Five police stations, and 92 police houses, for Standing Joint Committee; Wallsend.—Development of housing estate; county architect, County Hall, Northallerton. W. Leech, builder, Clayton Street, Newcastle- Portishead.—Underground pumping station, on-Tyne. Bristol Road, for U.D.C.; Alan S. Chubb, Worthing.—Bungalows (107), Goring Way, engineer, Council Offices, etc.; West Sussex Coast Development Co., Ltd Soviet Power Stations Capacity Soon at Pre-war Level ■N the summer and autumn of 1941 when rators have been installed in power stations at the Germans were driving eastwards into the „ Krasnogorsk, Kuibishev, Kazan, Omsk and heart of the U.S.S.R., power stations and power other cities. distribution installations in the threatened When Stalinogorsk, in Donbas, Smolensk, areas were hastily dismantled and transferred to Minsk,- Odessa and other occupied territories the eastern regions, where new power stations, were liberated, all power stations were found mainly built of local materials and burning in ruins. The Germans blew up 130 boiler local fuel, were started in order to supply drums, which were, however, repaired by evacuated industries. welding. At Krasnogorsk Ramzin uniflow The Chelyabinsk heat and power station, boilers were successfully fabricated on the which contains a 100,000-kW turbine is run station site. entirely on low-grade fuel with high ash content. Towards the end of 1944, thirty-five regional In Uzbek four hydro-electric stations were built power stations were already providing electricity on the River Chirchik to provide power for the in liberated Stalinogorsk, Shterovka, Nikolayev, Tashkent industrial region; a fifth station is Odessa, Lvov and Rostov. The Dnieper hydro nearing completion. On April 23rd of this year electric station is being reconstructed. The the Alapaevsk hydro-electric station, one of a aggregate capacity of power stations in the series of three on the river Neva, was put into Soviet Union is expected to reach pre-war level operation; despite the severe climatic conditions by the end of this year. About forty new big this station was erected in eighteen months. hydro-electric stations and thirty steam stations During the war the power resources of the are to be built as well as numerous small power Urals have been nearly doubled. New gene units for collective farms. July 13, 1945 Electrical Review 39 FAMOUS HYDRO-ELECTRIC STATIONS. A telephoto view of the downstream face of the Seminoe Dam, showing the power-house in the foreground. The dam forms part of the Rendirck P roject (State of Wyoming, U.S.A.) Figures of the electrical power generated are, at present, not available. CD MEASUREMENT LIMITED Electricity and Water Meters of Quality TERMINAL HOUSE, LOWER BELGRAVE STREET, LONDON, S.W.I cm33 4 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 MICA t MICANITE Send us your enquiries for all classes of M ICA A N D M ICA N ITE. W e can give you the quality and service required. Ask for booklet M/44. Contractors to Admiralty, Air Ministry, War Office and other Government Department lists. H. (LARKE & ({.(Nonchester) Ltd. Atlas Works, Patricroft, Manchester Telephone : Eccles 2001-2-3-4-5 Telegrams : " Pirtoid, Phone, Manchester ” BYLOCK q u a l i t y V A C U U M C L E A N E R S AND BLOWERS A limited supply of these Cleaners is now available Order now Illustration shows : — RRVTERlfrf •'COG WHEEL “ BRAND Phosphor Bronze Pump Body Casting for Sugar Mill. ELECTRICAL CO Weight - 3619 lbs. THE PHOSPHOR BRONZE )) COMPANY LIMITED Cue’ty.thutfy ¿(cctucui WITTOAI • B HAM 6 * 8IRFIELD COMPANY 41-43 RO B ER TSO N STREET, G LA S G O W , C.2 II COLLEGE SQUARE NORTH, BELFAST July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 41 ELECTRIC LAMPS Price Reduction With the ending of Double Summer Time the Mem bers of the Electric Lamp Manufacturers’ Association have pleasure in announcing important reductions in the prices of Tungsten Filament Electric Lamps New P rices Operative on and from July 16th SINGLE COIL In standard voltages, 100 to 13Qv. and 200 to 260v. REDUCED PURCHASE Watts. PRICE LiST TAX 25, 40 and 60 Pearl and Clear ...... 1 / 3 i d . 0 75 13 3 5 * * * 1 / 7 ö d . 100 13 J) " • " * 1 / 9 6 d . 150 J) 33 ...... 2 9 8 d . 200 Clear — 4 6 1,12 300 )) * * * * ' * 8 - — 500 1 0 6 COILED COIL In standard voltages, 200 to 260v. 40 Pearl 1 / 6 5 d . 60* » ...... 1 / 6 5 d . 75* 33 ... 1 / 8 ö d . 100* 33 ...... 1 / 1 0 6 d . ♦Available as soon as possible Details of reduced prices of other types available on application to suppliers Allowances due to re-sellers under ELM A Agreements will be made by your suppliers in due course ELECTRIC LAMP MANUFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION 2 5 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, W.C.l 4 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 l l ú f t t í UJ-SeG obcut if! Our facilities cover a wide range of Metal Pressings, Hot Brass Pressings, and Brass Machining. We can design and make anything from a tooth-pick holder to a miner’s lamp. We shall like to hear what your particular problem is ! We work in all metals and to most specifications. BELLING & LEE LTD -WRIGHT BINDLEY & GELt LTD CAMBRIDGE ARTERIAL ROAD, ENFIELD, MIDDX. PERCY RD., BIRMINGHAM. II Gfl July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 4 3 44- E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 PROBLEMS WE HAVE SOLVED — No. 2 modern aircraft, and their general inaccessibility, has raised the risk of losses, due to damage during overhaul, to a very high degree. Apart from damage to the plug itself, there is also considerable risk of stripping the thread in the cylinder head. At the request of the Air Ministry, our research engineers set about designing a handy and compact electrically driven tool Remember capable of use on the usual sparking plug sizes. The tool, they decided, must have a predetermined torque limit, which could be the name- adjusted to suit individual sizes of plugs. Accordingly, they developed a plug runner you'll want that in its final design can be supplied to work on either A.C. or D.C., and for any voltage. It is only 16î inches in overall length and five it again inches in diameter. The motor drives through a single-stage, 4-to-l spur gear to a hollow shaft, which in turn drives the worm of a straightforward type of worm gear, giving a total reduction ratio of 78 to 1. The worm wheel has a hollow hexagonal spindle into which is inserted a loose adaptor with a box- type spanner. Incorporated in the drive is a spring over load release which is adjustable up to 60-ft- lbs. for removal of plugs, and 25, 30, and 40-ft-lbs. for the fitting of 12 mm., 14 mm., and 18 mm. plugs respectively. This is only one of the many technical problems which we have been called upon to solve. We specialize in supplying non standard electrical devices for particular purposes. The resources of our research lab CITY TUBE AND CONDUIT MILL? oratories are available to manufacturers who SMETHWICK. BIRMINGHAM have a special problem. T ric f-h m r Sniff/,- i »5II (5. London. 70 Finsbury Pavt-mert!. F. f ' Litprpool-.Calt-di'Min . i-i T.'^cr-i:: >*.- 2 SMALL ELECTRIC MOTORS LTD. dm 987 (A SUBSIDIARY OF BROADCAST RELAY SERVICE Ltd.) BECKENHAM - KENT July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R ev ie w 45 EMPIRE RUBBER EMPIRE RUBBER CO. 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 ELECTRIC PULLEY BLOCK H Matterson Hoists are compact and efficient, require but little attention to keep them in O good condition; and are made throughout by men taking a pride in their job. They will | not let you down. MATTERSON LIMITED Shawclough. Tel. 4194 Rochdale Delivery 2 months subject to what helps the war effort s COMPOUND KETTLE b it u m e n JOINTER’S BUCKET BUCKET REST WITH FALSE BOTTOM TYERS JOINTERS MELTING EQUIPMENT FURNACE Portable O il Furnace, Melting Pot, Bucket Rest, Bitumen Bucket, Compound Kettle and Metal Ladle. The PORTABLE FURNACE & PATENTS CO. CARRINGTON, NOTTINGHAM BUCKET FALSE BOTTOM ADJUSTABLE COVER Telephone: NO TTING HAM 64887 /VT/WVVVYVIWVVWV W i l l SPRINGS GEO. SALTER & CO. -LTD., WEST BROMWICH VVVVVTVVVXVVVVVVVVtVt\VVVTTVt\TVVtVtTVVVTTVVVX\VTV V\\V\V\VV\VVVV\V\\\V\\\VVVV\V PRESSED STEEL yaiiey SCREWED FITTINGS Flexible M etallic TRANSFORMERS T u b in g CONDUIT AND CHOKES FITTINGS j & r M e F i a h U i t y , FITTER cPOULTON ltd VINCENT PARADE OLIVER PELL CONTROL L™ CAMBRIDGE ROW* WOOLWICH ' S 'E ' Ifi balsall HEATH TELEPHONE: WOOLWICH -1422 BIRMINGHAM 12 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 47 ATLAS LAMPS Reductions in Retail Prices with effect from 12th J u ly , 1945 SINGLE COIL J Wattage: Old Price: NEW PRICE: Purchase Tax S. d . S. d . d. 15 w. 6 1 3 25 w. 1 6 1 3 3{ 40 w. 1 6 1 3 3{ 60 w. 1 6 1 3 3j 75 w. 1 9 1 7 4 100 w. 2 0 1 9 4 12 150 w. 3 2 2 9 7 200 w. 5 0 4 6 M* COILEDCOIL : 40 w. 1 6 1 6 4 *60 w. 1 6 1 6 4 *75 w. 1 8 41 *100 w. 2 0 1 10 “41 2 *Supplies subject to S.R. & O. 1942 No. 2621 Nothing better has come to light THORN ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES LTD., 105-109 Judd St., London, W.C.1. Phone: Euston I I83 Northern Branch: 55 Blossom Street, Manchester. ’Phone: Central 7461 N.E. Depot : 46 Sandhill, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1. ’Phone: Newcastle 24068 4 8 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 ROTARY STRAINERS for CLEANSING CONDENSER CIRCULATING WATER Entirely automatic and self cleaning. Completely enclosed. Airtight system maintained. M ade in various sizes with capacit.es from 1 00,000 to 3,500,000 gallons per hour. HICK ARGREAVES , 373^ ; , " . ' « , B O LT O N ■■ HICKG BOLTON A D 4 9 C July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R ev iew 4 9 y C - â ' ¿ U V L.D.C. Totally Enclosed FanLutd Motors installed in a large Cotton Milt. LANCASHIRE DYNAMO 6 CRYPTO LTD WILLESDEN. LONDON. N.W.IO TRAFFORD PARK. MANCHESTER. 17 Associated Compon FOSTER TRANSFORMERS A SVVITCHCEAR LTD. CRYPTON EQUIPMENT LTD. 5 0 E l e c t r ic a l R ev ie w July 13, 1945 MNLAYSON BOUSflELD & CO- 1 T D. ■ JOHNSTONE • SCOTLAND A re you hunting for ? W ell, if you go on your knees in the right direction you might have a bit of luck. Lots and lots of harassed engi neers have begged us to tackle their small stamping and pressing difficulties for them . . . and we've done it, nearly every time. So . . . if it’s stampings or pressings you want, and IF you want a first-class job, and IF you will write to us, then your hunt’s as good as over. Small stampings and pressings for radio, electrical and light engineering purposes. llo u /ler fc )o n $ ASTO N.BIRMINGHAM.6 51 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e m e w Cujkt Af&xU Perkins Maxine Diesels power motor launches of many types . . . but the Electrical Industry is naturally more interested in Perkins industrial engines which supply instantaneous and unfailing power at sea for lighting and auxiliary services. Compact, smooth running, quick starting and instandy responsive under all climatic conditions they have proved invaluable to the three fighting services throughout the world. P E R K I N S ™ J Z W > Telephone: Peterborough 3241. E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 Rapid Dynamic 'B e it A r r t u T e s t ' Balancing Machine For Small Rotors • CONSTANT A.C. OUTPUT • WIDE A.C. INPUT LIMITS • ENTIRELY AUTOMATIC • QUICK ACTION The constant A.C. input voltage called for in so many modern indus The angular position, and the magnitude trial and laboratory applications is provided with maximum accuracy of the out-of-balance error, are indi and reliability by B.A.T. Automatic cated automatically. Voltage Regulators. Seven standard nominal ratings are carried in stock, 10- 1,000 Watts, giving 230 V ± 1% The procedure Is so simple that the with 185-270 input. Other ratings machine can be operated by unskilled to special order. labour after brief instruction. On 1A Priorities delivery is either early or ex stock. Please request Bulletin V.R. 1243 for For further information about this and complete data. other types of Dynamic Balancing ALSO SUPPLIERS OF Machines, please write for booklet Static Mains Transformers of all types T 2055. and “ Variac ” Infinitely variable voltage regulating transformers. W. & T. AVERY LTD. 180 Tottenham Court Road, London, W.l SOHO FOUNDRY, BIRMINGHAM 40 and 76 Oldhall Street, Liverpool 3, Lancs. | 53 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w c R o m P T o n c r b l e WILL NEVER LET YOU DOWN PARKINSON LIMITED. ELECTEE »OOSE. VICTORIA i.O A N M E N ,. LONDON. W.C.T , „ Telegrams: Crompark, Estrand, London Telephone : TEMpfe Bar S t I I 54 Electrical Review July 13, 1945 CLEAN, PERMANENT MARKING ON BAKELITE, METAL, GLASS, WOOD COMPONENT PARTS, Etc. LARGE OR SMALL ARTICLES OF ANY SHAPE PRINTED BY ONE SIMPLE MACHINE! Adopted in place of engraving by many leading manufacturers REJAFIX LTD. T e l.: W e lb e c k 1979 & 5141 Delco ELECTRIC MOTOR REPAIR SERVICE We still cannot give you the service we w ant to, but as always, we will do our best. Help us to help you by advising your exact require ments before sending Motors for repair. Remember, we 1' B-W "OVENS for Drying, Baking, etc. Also are still busy with the Japs. Impregnating Plants, Wax Tanks, Glue and Compound Pots, Furnaces, etc. Ask for List ER/O BARLOW -W H ITN EY LTD COOMBE R? NEASDEN LANE, LON DON.N-W.IOgiadstone „52-3 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 55 As pioneers of this type of motor we have supplied over 3,000 machines to one customer alone HIGH EFFICIENCY TOTALLY ENCLOSED INDUCTION MOTORS Surface Cooled type from i to ISO H.P. CONUNLCY » KEIGHLEY ENGLHNÜ p h o n e : CROSSHILLS ZOO (2Lines) GRRM3: GREEN-CROSSHILLS ZOO E ?i BROMLEY-LANGTON All British ESTTD ★VARNISHED COTTON INSULATING 510)2 7 , SLEEVING, INSULATED ELECTRICAL ’ WIRES, LIGHTING FLEXIBLES- - - The BROMLEY-LANGTON ELECTRIC WIRE & INSULATOR Co. Ltd. TRADING ESTATE - SLOUGH - BUCKS. ILLUSTRATION SHOWS MODEL C.W. REVOLUTION COUNTER FOR COIL-W INDING MACHINES, MAXIMUM SPEED 4,000 REVS. PER MIN. ^^ountern by English Numbering: Hachine§ Ltd. 3j BARRETT’S GROVE . LONDON . N.I6 SEND FOR FUU- LIST OF COUNTERS 5 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 “ MIRRLEES-GILL” Window AXIAL- FLOW Lights PUMPS will go up CONDENSER CIRCULATING soon! LAND DRAINAGE DRY DOCK PUMPING FLOW BOOSTING STORM W ATER PUMPING SEWAGE W RITE FOR " HARCORAY” BROCHURE IRRIGATION PAPER PULP CIRCULATING ILLUSTRATING COMPLETE RANGE OF AND MIXING REFLECTORS FOR SHOP, STORE AND SHOWCASE LIGHTING. VERTICAL SUBMERGED TYPE llarcourts STANHOPE HOUSE, KEAN STREET, ALDWYCH, W.C.2. Telephone: TEMPLE BAR 9671 2 2 HORIZONTAL SPLIT-CASING TYPE OUTRAM’S VERTICAL SUBMERGED TYPE 150 Tons of ELECTRICAL PORCELAINS water per min. for ACCESSORIES AND Land Drainage REFRACTORIES IN MANY DESIGNS HIRRLEES— 1nuiim.iaaN^ ?MRWy UMITg WATSON^ - ^ 1mwMMW C. W. OUTRAM & CO. LTD. ENGINEERS GLASGOW WOODVILLE, DERBYSHIRE Telephone: SWADLINCOTE 7S20 July 13, 1945 E lectrical Review 57 MACROME LTD. (T ) ALCESTER, WARWICKSHIRE ALSO AT LONDON, GLASGOW, MANCHESTER, LEEDS, SOUTHAMPTON, BIRMINGHAM Kjh jej2 xt ’ 6^ p n jy t^ ^ o ! ELECTRICAL IA SY LATIN G VARNISHES Stoving Varnishes. Black or Clear. Air Drying Varnishes, Black or Clear. Cable Lacquers, non-Ham, etc. Sleeving Varnishes. Cloth Varnishes. Core Plate Var nishes. Copper Wire Enamels W hy not submit your problems to us, there’s no obligation. . inchin, Johnson: W1TLEY COURT, WITLEY, SURREY, and 6 , ARLINGTON STREET, LONDON, S.W.! - . W orm ier 2SC-4 Regent cSSi 5 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 RECONDITIONED & NEW ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT ALTERNATORS : 250 K.W . Greenwood & Batley Alternator, 400 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles ; 75or.p.m. 450 amps., with Exciter and Regulators, 8 Power Factor. GENERATORS : 165 K.W. G.E.C. Motor Generator Set, having a 245 H.P. 420 volt, 3 phase, 50 cycles, Slipring motor at 490 r.p.m. Direct coupled to a 165 K.W. 480 volt D.C. Generator, 344 amps. Shunt wound with interpole. All on cast iron Bedplate ; with Brush lifting and short circuiting gear ; liquid type rotor starter. MOTOR CONVERTER: Motor Converter by Bruce Peebles. Input 6600 volts A.C. 71 5 amps. 3 phase, 50 cycles at 428 r.p.m. Direct coupled on combined Bedplate to a 750 K .W . 230 volt Generator, La Cour patent; with starter and Synchronising Switch. MACHINES THOROUGHLY OVERHAULED AND TESTED BEFORE DESPATCH ARE SUPPLIED UNDER OUR 12 MONTHS’ GUARANTEE Telegrams: Telephone: “ Forward, TH05 W. WARD LIMITED 263 11 Sheffield ” ALBION W ORKS-SHEFFIELD (15 lines) L O N D O N O F F IC E : — BRETTENHAM HOUSE, LANCASTER PLACE Giant's Wharf 18-24 Fore Street STRAND, W.C.2 BRITON FERRY SCOTSTOUN, GLASGOW, W.4 TUNGSTEN Electrodes in all diameters, plain and shaped ESTABLISHED 1887 PLASTIC RAW MATERIALS CONTACTS IN SHEETS, RODS & TUBES X-RAY TARGETS EBO N ITE SPARK GAPS LAMINATED BAKELISED SHEET CASEIN CAST RESIN PLATES, DISCS ETC. and RINGS 53b, C IT Y RO A D LONDON, E.C.I ELECTRO-ALLOYS LTD. 166 DUKES ROAD, LONDON, W.3. ACOrn 2264 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 59 This illustration shows a number of the various types of W. & G. Lamp holders supplied with and without porcelain interiors. A wide and compre hensive range of electrical accessories is available for Essential Service. SOLON Industrial Type Electric Soldering Irons rated at 65 watts are now available for use Now available for where a low voltage system of supply is employed. There are two models, one fitted with an oval tapered bit as il I ustrated, LOW VOLTAGES the other with a pound pencil bit, and they w ill do the same 12 V. and 24 V. class of w ork as the well-known SO LO N S of 65 watt rating for normal supply voltages. Their design incorporates the many special SOLON features, including the fitting of the heating element inside the bit. Write for details of Both models can be supplied the complete SOLON fitted withelementsfor 12 volts range for low and or for 24 volts supply, as normal voltages. required. Complete with 6 feet of HENLEY twin core flexible. SOLDERING IRON for INDUSTRIAL USE W. T. HENLEY’S TELEGRAPH WORKS CO. LTD. Engineering Dept., Milton Court, Westcott, Dorking, Surrey 6 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 66 H e t w a y ” ave you had CHINA CONNECTORS * * I S O 5 and 15 amp. Send for this I, 2 and leaflet which describes a new 3-way departure in fuse design and Send for List construction exclusive to— No. NC30/E.R. Ask for details of all Metway Porcelain and China Products ELECTRICAL LTD. SLÏDL2K METWAY INDUSTRIES 5 to ioo amp. fU M S S A (Formerly Metropolitan Electric Supplies) Edward Wilcox & Co. Ltd. KING STREET, BRIGHTON, I Sharston Road, Wythenshawe. Manchester Phone: Brighton 4456PBX. Crams: " Metway, ’ ’ Phone, Brighton D Manufacturers whose goods require the inclus ion of a fractional horse power motor generally specify “ Croydon.” Thus they ensure that, in trusting their manufac turing reputation to an electric motor, it will reflect the good work manship and quality of their own products. CROYDON SWITCHES ENGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED Arrow Electric Switches Ltd. COMMERCi WAY PURIEY WAY CROYDON HANGER LANE, LONDON, W.5 Telephone. CR0Y00N 4125*8 Telecoms SYNCROY,CROYDON I July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 61 ASTON COPPER CONDUCTORS, COMMUTATORS AND PHOSPHOR BRONZE ‘Aston’ has become a name in the non-ferrous metals industry. To the copper and bronze productions for gas, electrical, shipbuilding, aircraft and the various transportation industnes, Aston now add brass rods, very round, very true to size and exceptionally free cutting; in every respect ideal for working at high machining speeds. Enquiries are invited for all non-ferrous metals with an assurance that the service Aston will give is as excellent as the products they will supply. CHAINASTON AND HOOK CO. LTD. Manufacturers of NON-FERROUS METALS Bromlord Lane, Erdington, Birmingham, 2 4 Phone ERDinglon 2235-6-7 Grams: Chainwork. Erdington Jbettev P urdn cf De Rcnzi, Hoboes* designers aod connects are cccsta~5y ai totL i*is>ai\iag a range of proven prodacrs . . . products that, incorpora ted in yccr etjuipm es, may mgVr an is ç o r a c : cmmbariaQ to its eSnmcy. If you vomd lite n s to co-operate eriib you in ‘ scazing-up ’ a mcraaliv better product, our services are eorirely at your disposal By the sray, just as a matter o f interest me terrifying gendeanaa ou the iefi 35 really so n g o -n p co rci parts o f a de Renzr, Holmes’ Cam-Operared C on acag CoutroDcx. MANUFACTURERS OF CAM-OPERATED CONTACTOR CONTROLLERS • SLIDER RHEOSTATS - RUSTLESS UNBREAKABLE GRID RESISTANCES - WELDING RHEOSTATS DE ReNZI.HoLMES&Co.LtD Jcoini tep-eie-'a' »e : FOX'S LANE . WOLVERHAMPTON »aha 1C Seen. »•-*»- tori SW»L TELEPHONE: WOLVERHAMPTON 31714 &IM9 0 W CJL Tel CnT UJ1- 62 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 ^7a/£ L/M/TS //V sj-iiiV ivJi'/A i. w d i i a FOR INSTRUMENT CASES y y E can satisfy your requirements in ELECTRICAL SWITCHGEAR CASES Sheet Metal Pcecision work, for we work to the finest limits. AMPLIFIER RACKS, etc. And by fine limits, we mean what we say. RADIO CHASSIS You can therefore send us your enquiries with confidence that we can fulfil your need. W e are also equipped to finish an excellent job by enamelling, electro-plating, etc., to your specification. RITHERDON s C ompanyLimited North Bridge Mill, White Lion Brow, Deansgate, Bolton Established 1895 Telephone : 3722 EVERYTHING HAD A BEGINNING— In 1812 Henry Bell’s ‘Comet’ became the first European passenger boat and was the beginning of the great British steamship lines. Our illustrations show the boat itself and the engine which made it famous. And Pritchett & Gold and E.P.S. Company Limited also rank among the industrial pioneers of the nineteenth century, for they made the first electrical batteries and in 1882 lit the Royal Mint, the Law Courts and other important buildings. To-day their batteries have wider fields of application. In addition to Train Lighting they are supreme for Country House Lighting, for Motor Vehicles and Aircraft, and now are being widely used for Emergency Lighting in buildings where light is necessary when the mains fail. P.& G.and E.P.S. Cells have also an enviable record of reliability in Cen • REPLATING. Ensure long and re tral Stations, Telephone Exchanges liable service by having your present and in every other application. batteries replated by us. PRITCHETT & COLD and E.P.S. CO. LT D —formerly the Electrical Power Storage Co., Ltd — MADE THE FIRST BATTERIES 50 Grosvenor Gardens, London, S.W .l. Phone: SLOane7164. Grams: Storage, Sowest, London. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 63 Permanent electrical continuity is ensured at all joints between stator windings and flexible leads to ter- minalswhich arefused instead of soldered. Additional mechanical strength is provided by the twist which takes the strain off the weld. ALL RANKS — ALL SERVICES Thank them NOW, • by a gift or legacy to HAIG’S FUND • RICHMOND • SURREY NEWMAN MOTORS (O'0 l TOT ALL Y ENCLOSED -F ^ Head Sales OHice: 32 VICTORIA STREET, WESTMINSTER, LONDON, S.W.1 Tel. ABBey 2023 6 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 DRUMS- REELS We have generations of experience in woodworking ; u p to the minute machinery for every part of the job, and a properly organised production line for every part of the job. Small wonder then, that many of the largest Cable makers in the country come to us for their drums. ■ AUSTINSB O r CAST HAM LIMITED LONDON, E.6. GRAngewood 3444 e r s t . » e e d M SPECIAL CORED SOLDER A.i.D. APPROVED H. J. ENTHOVEN & SONS LTD. 230 THORNTON ROAD, WEST CROYDON, SURREY THOmton Heath 2462 H o t EMTA Will protect your trading L" m 'L'rM ) Interests N O W and after the war TUBE COMPANY LIMITED Write for particulars of membership to IU 0 G A TE HILL B I R M INGHAM The Secretary : J. T. M O R G A N fixons ZEH 7167 GRAMS 'fLASx' BlRMINGHAIJ The Electrical Machinery Sales Depots : London - Leeds - 5 Y o rk Place 88 Goswell Roed, E.C.I Swansea - I G ro ve Place Traders’ Association Newcastle-on-Tyne - St. Glasgow - 137a, St. Vincent II ARGYLL ST, OXFORD CIRCUS. LONDON, W.l. Tel.: G E R m r d 617? John Street S treet 100» 10» THE «MM VJSH 0« (vtBT IEN61H July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l -R e v ie w (,Supplement) 65 ClARKE. CHAPMAN W atertube B oilers Arrangement of Clarke, Chapman Tri-Drum Water tube Boiler as supplied to a large Yorkshire Power Station Evaporation 190,000 lbs, p e r h r. Pressure 400 lbs. per sq. in. Heating Surface 16,300 sq. ft. CLARKE, CHAPMAN & CO. LTD. VICTORIA WORKS, GATES HEAD-«n-TYNE Tel. : 72271 (6 Lines) . Telegrams: ' Cyclops,' Gateshead London Office . 112/113 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.3 T el. : Royal 2737/8 . T el. A d d .: 4 Cyclops,’ Fen, London THE \ E-Z WIRE STRIPPER Can be supplied with any of the following standard sizes of Blades : No. 1 for 14’s to 22's S.W.fi. „ 2 „ 12’s „ 19'* „ „ 3 „ 10'* 13*5 .. or equivalent overall diameters of Stranded W ire s. Sole Distributors : BUCK&HICKMAN LTD. 2, 4, 6 &8 WHITECHAPEL RD. LONDON, E.l Advt. of J. B. Hyde & Co. Ltd.______66 (Supplement) E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 I fç- ^4 A remarkable new type Freedom from pinholes. of Insulated Wire. Excellent ageing properties. Extreme toughness and High resistance to solvents resistance to mechanical and acids. dam age. Non-hygroscopic. Perfect flexibility. _ /Jg - High space factor. i High dielectric strength. V— —V CONNOLLYS (BLACKLEY) L1MITED • M A NCHESTER • 9 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w {Supplement) 6 7 -AG BO BAKELITE BLOCKS- THE ALTERNATIVE TO WOOD BLOCKS AS SUPPLIED TO THE AIR MINISTRY PROMPT DELIVERY No. 5050 Round type for one 2" or 2j" 5-ampere switch. No. 7070 Round type for one 2" centre Ceiling Rose. No. 8080 Oblong type for two 2" or 2|" 5-ampere switches. BROWN BAKELITE Marketed by T.M.C.HARWELL (SALES) LTD. BRITANNIA HOUSE, 233 SHAFTESBURY AVENUE, LONDON, W.C.2 Telephone : TEMple Bar 00SS (3 lines) Telegrams : " Arwelidite, Westcent, London " A’ DAY A N D N IG H T ELECTRIC SERVICE FOR ° ' l Wl h o '* QUICK RELIABLE REPAIRS AND REWINDS THE M IDLAND DYNAM O Co. Ltd. L[E IC E S T E R Phone 20172 (3 lines) ELECTRICAL ACCESSOR! E OF QUALITY SPERRYN & CO MOORSOM STREET WORKS BIRMINGHAM 6 LONDON OFFICE 21, G R EAT S U F F O LK ST., S.E.1 68 (Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 THE GENERAL WELDING ACCESSORIES CO. LTD. BARTON HILL WORKS INDUSTRIES MAZE STREET, BRISTOL 5 LIMITED ESTABLISHED 1896 COMMERCIAL ROAD • BRISTOL. TEL. 23231 ELECTRIC W IRING SPECIALISTS in ACCESSORIES WELDED of the Highest Grade FABRICATIONS • (Gas and Electric arc) for the SPECIALITY : ELECTRICAL Patent Non-overhang WALL SOCKETS INDUSTRY AND Prototype or large quantities B.E.S.A. PLUGS Just Published STRAND W o rk e d RESISTANCES Examples ARE in UNRIVALLED E lectro - FOR THEIR | technology QUALITY W. T. PRATT B.Sc., A.C.G.I., D.I.C.. A.M.I.E.E. This collection of over 200 worked PEßß CE examples in Electrotechnology will be of considerable assistance to students who intend to sit for the Preliminary and APPROVED Intermediate Grade Examinations of the City and Guilds in Electrical Engineering ALLCOVER/AENT DEPT Practice. Illustrated. 12/6. HUTCHINSON’S THE S T R A N D Scientific and Technical Publications ELECTRIC «.ENGINEERING G°C° 47 Princes Gate, London, S.W.7 aancuester LONDON dubun July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (.Supplement) 6 9 I«* jX TLJSJidiruiX nj^ -J& b 70 (Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 Rowlands Electrical Accessories Ltd., R.E.A.L. Works, Birmingham 18 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (.Supplement) 71 BUOYANT CABLES r MAGNETIC MINES a f e w FACTS | Callender’s INVENTED the “ Buoyant C a b le ” and their design was accepted by the Admiralty for widespread production. The master patent application for buoyant cable design was filed by Callender's on 20th December, 1939. J The FIRST Buoyant Cable to be made was delivered to the Adm iralty by Callender’s on 18th January, 1940. ^ Up to VE-Day Callender’s manufactured over 1,200,000 yards of Buoyant Cable. £ At Admiralty request, Callender’s successfully developed four alternative types of Buoyant Cable for mine 'sweeping under special conditions. £ The Callender and B.l. Companies jointly have exclusively operated at naval bases throughout the British Isles the Admiralty Contracts for repair of buoyant cables (of all makes) necessitated by operational duties. Y Callender’s technical staff and jointers are operating similar Admiralty Repair Contracts in some of the liberated ports of Europe. BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER’S CABLES LIMITED Hamilton House, Victoria Embankment, LONDON, E.C.4 H 72 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 Vih \ K one of these factories is out-of-date its p l a n t is hrst-class, its workers skilled and willing, its manage ment capable—but its lighting is wrong. All the good work, the new machinery, the careful executive control, operate in extremes of light and shadow, trying to the eyes and nerves, slowing up output . . . In the other factory, O sram Fluorescent Lamps provide a cool, shadowless light that is the next best thing to daylight itself—restful, diffused, evenly distributed. And economical, too ! The 8o-watt O sram Fluorescent Lamp gives three times as much light as a tungsten lamp for the same amount of current. No wonder records are broken in Factory No. 2 while it is always a struggle to keep abreast in Factory No. I. Stocks available at all G.E.C. Branches s r < FLUORESCENTI. LAMPS DAYLIGHT and WARM WHITE Adwt. oj The General Electric Co. Ltd. Magnet House : Kingsvny. London. fF .C .2 * £ < s .e . PRODUCT Ju ly 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 73 ; CLASSIFIED advertisem ents ABVERTISBMENTS for insertion in the following REPLIES TO advertisements published under a ivfJmrfot 1S!U^ are accePted up to First Post on Box Number if not to be delivered to any particular S E l Dorset House, Stamford Street, London, farm or individual should be accompanied by instruc- CHARGE for advertisements in this section effect> addressed to the Manager of the is 2/- per line (approx. 8 words) per insertion, ELECTRICAL REVIEW. Letters of applicants in minimum 2 lines 4/-, or for display advertisements such cases cannot be returned to them. - The name 30/- per inch, with a minimum of one inch. Where of an advertiser using a Box Number will not be the advertisement includes a Box Number there is disclosed. All replies to Box Numbers should be an additional charge of 6d. for postage of replies. addressed to the Box Number in the advertisement, SITUATIONS WANTED. — Three insertions c/o ELECTRICAL REVIEW, Dorset House, Stam under this heading can be obtained for the price of ford Street, London, S.E.l. Cheques and Postal be made Payable to ELECTRICAL two if ordered and prepaid with the first insertion REVIEW LTD. and crossed. Original testimonials should not be sent with applications for employment. OFFICIAL NOTICES, COUNTY BOROUGH OF SOUTHAMPTON TENDERS, ETC. Electricity Department Cables and Domestic Apparatus CITY OF CHICHESTER rpENDERS are invited for the supply and delivery A during the period ended 31st March. 1946. of the Contract No. 35 for Cables and Cable Laying following : — (a) PAPER INSULATED CABLES up to 11 kV rp H E Council of the City of Chichester invite tenders (h) DOMESTIC ELECTRIC APPARATUS, including: -L from experienced contractors for the manufacture, COOKERS. KETTLES. THERMAL STORAGE supply and laying of approximately 20 miles of 11-kV TANKS. CIRCULATORS * AND WASH and control cables and accessories. Specifications, plan BOILERS. and form of tender may be obtained on application in writing to the Consulting Engineers. Messrs. Mackness & Conditions of Contract. Specification and Form of Tender Shipley. Parliament Mansions. Abbey Orchard Street. for each of the above may be obtained from Mr. W. G. London. S.W .l. All applications must be accompanied Turner. Borough Electrical Engineer, Civic Centre. by a deposit of two guineas, returnable on receipt of a Southampton, by application and on payment for each bona-fide tender. of a fee of one guinea, which will be refunded on receipt Tenders, in plain sealed envelopes, endorsed “ Tender of a bona fide tender. Additional copies, 10s. 6d. each. for Electrical Contract No. 35.” must reach the under Sealed tenders in plain envelopes, marked as the case signed at the Municipal Offices. North Street. Chichester, may be. “ Cables ” or “ Domestic Apparatus.” must be not later than noon on Friday. August 17th, 1945. delivered to the undersigned not later than Wednesday. The Council do not bind themselves to accept the lowest 1st August, 1945. or any tender. The Council does not bind itself to accept the lowest or ERIC BANKS. Town Clerk. any tender. .______2302 R. RONALD H. MEGGESON. Town Clerk's Office, ' Town Clerk. CITY OF MANCHESTER Civic Centre. Southampton 2338 rpHE Electricity Committee invites tenders for the -I- manufacture, testing and delivery at Stuart Street SITUATIONS VACANT Generating Station. Bradford, Manchester. 11. of: — None o1 the vacancies for women advertised in these 33.000-VOLT CABLE (Specification No. 832). columns relates to a woman between 18 and 40 unless such woman (a) has living with her a child of hers under the Specification, etc.. may be obtained from Mr. R. A. S. age of 14, or (6) is registered under the Blind Persons Acts, Thwaites. Chief Engineer and Manager. Electricity D epart or (c) has a Ministry of Labour permit to allow her to ment, Town Hall. Manchester. 2. on payment of a fee of obtain employment by individual effort. one guinea which amount will be refunded on receipt of a bona fide tender. Tenders, addressed to the Chairman of the Electricity COUNTY BOROUGH OF CROYDON Committee, to be delivered not later than 10 o’clock a.m. on Monday. 30th July. 1945. Electricity Department P H IL IP B. DINGLE. Town Hall. Town Clerk. Manchester. 2. Control Engineer 5th July. 1945. 2326 PPLICATIONS are invited for the appointment of WHITT INGHAM MENTAL HOSPITAL A Control Engineer from candidates who have taken a recognised Course in technical training and are ex perienced in the operation of the Control Room of a large Power Station. rPHE Committee of Visitors of the Whittingham Mental The salary will be in accordance with Grade 9a, Class H. Hospital, near Preston. Lancs., invites tenders for of the National Joint Board Schedule, at present £367 per the supply and erection of a Generating P lant and other annum, and is subject to deductions under the Local electrical gear. Form of tender, conditions of contract Government Superannuation Act, 1937. and specification may be obtained on application to the The selected candidate will require to pass a medical undersigned. Tenders must be returned not later than examination and to reside within the Borough. the 3rd August, 1945. Each tender must be enclosed in a Applications, giving full particulars of age. training and plain sealed envelope addressed to the Clerk and S tew ard. experience, and accompanied by copies of recent testi County Mental H ospital. Whittingham. near P resto n , and monials, should be sent to me endorsed “ Control Engineer, endorsed on th e cover “ Generating Plant and Apparatus, not later than noon on Monday. 16th July. 1945. but^iot bearing any name or mark indicating the sender. The Ministry of Labour and National Service have T, ^ -4.1. dnes not bind itself to accept the lowest \ given permission under the Control of Engagement Order. ihe Committee u acceptance will be conditional on 1945, for the advertisement of this vacancy. orthe any obtaining tender, of anaany n e ce5sary c e s s a consent. ^ ^ E. TABERNER. Town Hall. Town Clerk. Croydon. 2287 3rd July. I945- 74 (Supplem ent) E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 SENIOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEER FOR COUNTY BOROUGH OF ST. HELENS MIDDLE EAST (In connection with oil pipe line construction Electricity Department and operation.) Appointment of Senior Demonstrator A PPLICANTS must have had wide experience of H.T. PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointment and L.T. transmission, H.T. and L.T. motors, switch- A at a salary in accordance with the Lancashire and gear, Diesel engine-driven generators, also lighting and Cheshire Provincial Council Scale P.T.A., Grade B domestic supplies. Selected candidate will have to advise (Female). £214 per annum, rising by annual increments of the management on all electrical matters and supervise £11 to £236 per annum, plus war bonus which is at present erection of electrical plant. He should not be over 45 £48 2s. per annum. years of age and if married must be prepared to go abroad Candidates must have had a good general education and without wife in first instance. hold a recognised Diploma in Domestic Science and Elec Employees pay their own income tax, which is markedly trical Housecraft and possess a thorough knowledge of the lower than in this country. The terms offered are: — use of electrical domestic appliances. They must be com petent to conduct lecture demonstrations both in the (a) Three years’ contract, which is ordinarily renew Showrooms and on consumers’ premises and to advise able for further periods of 3 years. consumers on the selection and use of electrical apparatus. (b) Salary £1,000-£1.100-£1.200 for the first 3 years. Experience of large-scale industrial Canteen Work and starting from date of engagement. School Feeding will be an advantage. (c) A temporary war allowance of £17 per month, pay The appointment will be subject to the provisions of the able from date of landing in Middle East. The Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937, and the allowance is liable to be reduced or withdrawn successful candidate will be required to pass a medical if there is a marked fall in prices. examination. (d) Free quarters or an allowance in lieu thereof. Applications, accompanied by copies of not more than (e) Free medical attendance. three testimonials, must be made on the form obtainable (f) Free passage out and home on termination of from the undersigned and be received by him not later contract. than July 23rd, 1945. in an envelope endorsed “ Senior (g) Admission to the Company’s Provident Fund, to Demonstrator." which the employee contributes 10% of his salary P. BREGAZZI. and the company a like amount. Electricity Works. Borough Electrical Engineer. Carlton Street. Write, quoting D.1292XA, to the Ministry of Labour St. Helens. and National Service. Appointments Department. A.9. Lancs. 2272 Room 670, York House. Kingsway. London. W.C.2. for application form, which must be returned completed by 31st July. 1945. 2316 BOROUGH OF DOVER Electricity Department BOROUGH OF STOCKTON ON TEES Technical Assistant and Substation Engineer Electricity Department PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointment A from Electrical Engineers who must be Corporate Assistant Mains Engineer members of the I.E.E. or hold an equivalent qualification and have technical and practical experience in the develop A PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointment ment and layout of E.H.T. and L.T. overhead and under from qualified electrical engineers with sound tech ground distribution net-works including the design of nical training and experience in the Mains Department of substations. an Electricity Supply Undertaking. The appointment is superannuate and the successful The appointment will be subject to the provisions of candidate may be required to pass a medical examination. the Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937. and the Salary and Conditions of employment will be in accord selected candidate will be required to pass a medical ance with the N.J.B. Schedule. Class D. Grade 6. at examination. present commencing at £411 p.a. The salary and conditions of employment will be in Applications, endorsed “ Technical Assistant,” stating accordance with the N.J.B. Schedule. Class F. Grade 8a. age. training, qualifications, giving full details of experi at present commencing at £371 per annum. ence and accompanied by copies of not more than three Applications, stating age. marital state, training and recent testimonials, should be forwarded to the Borough qualifications, details of past experience, present appoint Electrical Engineer and Manager, Electricity Department, ment. etc.. together with copy of testimonials, should be Ladywell, Dover, so as to reach him not later than Mon forwarded to Mr. N. Hunter. M.I.E.E., General Manager day. the 30th instant. and Engineer, Corporation Electricity Offices. Bishopton This advertisement is issued with the consent of the Lane. Stockton-on-Tees, not later than the 30tli July. 1945. Ministry of Labour and National Service. Permission has been obtained to advertise this vacancy JAMES A. JOHNSON. which has been approved by Division A.9 (D) of the Brook House, Town Clerk. Appointments Department. Dover. N. HUNTER. M.I.E.E., 6th July. 1945. 2340 General Manager and Engineer. Corporation Electricity Offices, Bishopton Lane, Stockton-on-Tees. CORPORATION OF KIRKCALDY 4th July. 1945. 2312 Mains Assistant COUNTY BOROUGH OF SOUTH SHIELDS A PPLICATIONS are invited for the post of Mains Assistant, at a salary in accordance with Grade 8. Class E. of the N .J.B . Schedule, at present £371 per Social Welfare Committee annum. Candidates must not exceed 45 years of age. and must "V/TAINTENANCE Engineer required for Harton Insti- be Graduates or Associate Members of the Institute of -LyA tution and General Hospital. Competent to take Electrical Engineers. They should have experience in charge of Boilers. Machinery and Electrical Plant. Appli erection, commissioning and maintenance of substations, cants with practical knowledge of building construction, as well as laying, jointing and maintenance of E.H.T. preparation of plans, specifications, etc.. preferred. Salary and L.T. distribution systems. Candidates should also £375x £15—£420 p.a., plus cost of living bonus. Appoint have had experience with a Public Supply Authority. ment subject to provisions of Local Government Super The appointment will be subject to the terms of the annuation Act. 1937. Medical examination of successful Town Council’s conditions of service, and the selected candidate required. candidate will require to pass a medical examination. Applications, which must be in writing, stating date of Applications, indicating age. experience and qualifica birth, full details of qualifications and experience (in tions. together with copies of three recent testimonials, cluding a list in chronological order of posts held), and should be lodged with the Burgh Electrical Engineer. quoting reference number 185M, should be addressed to Victoria Road. Kirkcaldy, not later than 23rd July. 1945. the Ministry of Labour and National Service. Appoint (The Ministry of Labour and National Service. À 9.D . ments Office. 153. Barras Bridge. Newcastle-upon-Tyne.^2. have given permission under the Control of Engagement Order. 1945, for the advertisem ent of this vacancy.) 2311 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 75 NORTH OF SCOTLAND HYDRO-ELECTRIC BOARD LEEDS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY Principal: C. Chew. M.Sc.Tech.. F.R.I.C. Assistant Commercial Engineer Department of Electrical Engineering and Physics A1 PpICATIONSare invited by the Board for the post PPLICATIONS are invited for the post of FULL of Assistant Commercial Engineer. Applicants must A TIME LECTURER in ELECTRICAL ENGINEER have a good all-round experience on the commercial side of ING. duties-to commence in September next or as soon as an electricity undertaking, operating preferably in a rural possible thereafter. area and also giving supplies in bulk to other undertakings. Applicants should possess a good Honours degree and Ability to carry out the technical and commercial in have had industrial and teaching experience. Salary vestigations and calculations required by the Electricity according to Burnham Scale. (Supply) Act. 1926, and the Hydro-Electric Development Particulars and form of application, to be returned not (Scotland) Act. 1943, is essential. later than Saturday, 28th July, may be obtained by Salary £750/£1.000 per annum, according to qualifica sending a stamped addressed foolscap envelope to The tions and experience. The successful candidate will be Director of Education. Education Department. Calverley required to join the Board’s superannuation fund after Street. Leeds. 1. 2325 satisfactory medical examination. Applications, stating age. qualifications and experience, to be sent to the Secretary, 16. Rothesay Terrace. E din OYS or Girls required to- learn Elect. Inst, making. burgh, 3, not later than Monday. 23rd July, 1945. B Apply—W. C. Davey & Co.. 180, Tottenham Court The Ministry of Labour and National Service. A.9.D.. Road. W .l. 2318 have given permission under the Control of Engagement /CENTRAL Electricity Board, S.W.E. and S.W. Area. Order. 1945, for the advertisement of this vacancy. ^ Bristol. Assistant Control Engineer. Applications are invited for the position of Assistant Control Engineer, T. LAWRIE. Secretary. Grid House. Bristol. Candidates not exceeding 35 years 2264 of age with some knowledge of power station work and technical qualifications at least of graduate I.E.E. CITY OF YORiK standard are preferred. Applications to the Manager, C.E.B.. Grid House. 26, Oaktteld Road, Clifton. Bristol. 8. Electricity Department 2291 H IEF Draughtsman required (over 51. or Class "A " PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Tem C ex-service men only) by well-known electrical and A porary Chief Clerk in the Corporation’s Electricity radio instrument manufacturer. Previous experience Undertaking. Salary £400. plus cost of living bonus of essential. Good prospects. Write, stating age and full £59 16s. per annum. particulars to—Box 2212, c/o The Electrical Review. The appointment will be subject to the provisions of LERICAL Assistant. Class A. Ex-Serviceman, for the Local Government and Other Officers’ Superannuation C Stores Office. Must have thorough knowledge of all Act. 1937. and the successful candidate will be required electrical material. Apply—London Electrical Company. to pass a medical examination. 92. Blackfriars Road. S .E .l. 2324 Candidates who have had a responsible appointment /COMMERCIAL Assistant to Manager of Lighting with a progressive authorised Electricity Undertaking ^ Section. Applicants must have had previous experi would be preferred. ence in the electrical industry, and preferably a knowledge Applications, stating age and qualifications, and giving of the electric light fittings business. Applicants must be detailed particulars of experience, should be sent (together free from the Control of Engagement Order. 1945. Salary with copies of two recent testimonials) to the undersigned £300-£400 p.a., according to qualifications.—Box 290, c/o not later than Monday. 23rd July, 1945. Dorland. 18, Regent Street, S.W .l. 2352 /COMMERCIAL Manager is required by large company E. J. NICHOLS. M.I.E.E.. ' producing domestic appliances in Birmingham. Post Electricity Offices. City Electrical Engineer. calls for highly experienced administrator carrying equal Clifford Street. status with works and technical managers and embracing York. 2342 control of sales, buying, costing and accounting. Com mensurate salary and profit bonus. Applications treated SURREY EDUCATION COMMITTEE confidentially. W rite—Box 806. 191, Gresham House. London. E.C.2. 2315 LECTRICAL contractors in London area, having large Kingston Technical College E showrooms, require a Saleswoman as Assistant Manageress. Excellent opportunity to person having EQUIRED to commence duties on 1st September, a personality and drive. Preference given to applicant R Graduate Lecturer in Electrical Engineering for having experience in electrical fittings and appliances, Electrical Engineering Subjects to Higher National Certi etc.. sales. Aoply. stating age. experience and salary ficate standard. Corporate membership of the Institution of Electrical Engineers essential. required.—Box 2328, c/o The Electrical Review. The salary will be the Burnham Graduate Scale XTLECTRICAL contractors in London district, who are (£315-15-£555) with placing according to industrial and Jt-J well known and long established, require the services teaching experience. of an Estimating and Supervising Engineer. Applicant Forms of application, which should be returned as soon must have had good experience and be capable of organis as possible, may be obtained from the undersigned on ing and operating large and small contracts both technic receipt of a stamped addressed envelope. ally and commercially. Reply stating age. experience and salary expected. Advertisers are prepared to pay a good J. W. ARCHER. B.Sc.. salary to applicant having proved ability. Permission has Principal. been given for this advertisement by the Ministry of _ 2341 Labour and National Service Appointments Office.—Box 2327. c /o The Electrical Review. WATSON & SONS (ELECTRO-MEDICAL) LIMITED LECTRICAL Engineering firm near Glasgow requires E a Works Manager with first-class experience of mass production and thorough knowledge of electrical appli PPLICATIONS are invited for senior appointments on ances. including small electric motors. Salary £1.000 p.a. A our sales staff after the present M.O.L. restrictions according to qualifications and experience. Applications, have been removed. For those possessing initiative, a which must be in writing, should state date of birth and good personality and knowledge of X-ray equipment there full details of qualifications and experience (including a are exceptional opportunities. list in chronological order of posts held). Address- - Write in confidence in the first instance, giving detail? ■’ 0570.” Wm. Porteous & Co.. Glasgow. 2343 of experience and age. Interviews will be ananged Jater NVOICING and Costing Clerk required by large firm of in London. I electrical contractors in N.W. London district. Must WATSON & SONS (ELECTRO-MEDICAL) LIMITED. be able to act on own initiative. Progressive and well- paid position to capable male applicant who is over 51 Temporary Head Office: 76. Castle Street, Reading.^^ years of age. Applications also considered from Class A ex-cervice men. Apply, stating age. experience and salary required to—Box 2329, c/o The Electrical Review. SSISTANT required for Estimating Dept, of leading UNIOR Estimating Engineer. Class “A” man. required A South Coast electrical contractors. Experience in J for London sales office. Applicants should be con all modern wiring and illumination ste“ snlvessi “Σ'„ versant with A.C. and D.C. motors, control gear and Over 51 or Class "A” ex-service men only. Apply. statmg ventilating fans. Write, stating age and experience to— age. experience and salary required, to—Box 2346. c/o Box 2281. c/o The Electrical Review. The Electrical Review. 76 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 UNIOR Sales Engineer required to cover part of ACCOUNTANT (36), 20 years’ varied and extensive J London territory for manufacturers of high-class elec practical experience with eminent London chartered trical apparatus used in radio and telecommunications accountants (final figures, taxation, secretarial duties, industry. The duties will be to call on established clients costings, etc.), desires responsible Secretary-Accountant to advise on the use of correct equipment, and to make position with commercial firm.—Box 7269, c/o The Elec new contacts. Applications considered from Class “A” trical Review. ex-service men only. Permanency with good post-war ATTENTIO N . Internal Telephone Manufacturers ! prospects. Firm scheduled under E.W.O. Reply, giving A.M.I.E.E. (35). experienced servicing internal tele full details of age. experience and salary required.—Box phones, desires position Sales/Service Engineer area 2300, c/o The Electrical Review. bounded by Reading / Oxford / Northampton / Bedford / T IGHTING Engineer, thoroughly conversant with Watford. Has house centrally situated.—Box 7290, c/o modern lighting practice, and capable of drawing up The Electrical Review. scientifically designed lighting schemes for industrial and T3.Sc.Eng. (Hons.) (23). exempt, inventive, wide experi- commercial applications. Applicants must be free from ence transformer and switchgear testing and com the Control of Engagement Order, 1945. Salary £300-£400 missioning and experimental work, seeks post with better p.a., according to qualifications.—Box 292, c/o Dorland, prospects. London area.—Box 7288, c/o The Electrical 18, Regent Street. S .W .l. 2353 Review. ANAGER Battery Factory. Johannesburg, South APABLE Engineer (32), experienced, works installa M Africa. Applications invited from competent persons C tions. application of electric motors, sales, works with necessary technical and practical experience and procedure, office adm inistration, will consider responsible organising ability to take charge manufacture of lead and progressive position with medium-size concern. Own car. acid motors, cars, stationary and haulage types of bat London or South. Alternatively partnership with small teries. Present monthly output 5 000 batteries. Salary investment.—Box 7303, c/o The Electrical Review. £1,000/£1,500 year, plus lh% to 2 \" 0 participation in nett LECTRICAL Engineer, exempt, H.N.C., 5 yrs. works. profits. Applications by air mail, giving full particulars age, experience and references, to—Box 1045, Johannes 1 yr. admin., desires position Technical or Sales Repre burg, South Africa. 2339 sentative Midlands.—Box 7237. c/o The Electrical Review. ANAGING Designer for Electric Light Fittings U 1 LECTRICAL Engineer, exempt. 20 years’ exp. M Section. Applicants must have experience in the research-design-manufacture of el. apparatus, domes design and construction of all types of electric light fit tic and heating, temperature control, inventive abilities, tings, and a thorough practical kLowledge of the trade. organizer, seeks position.—Box 7300, c/o The Electrical A knowledge of Photometry is desirable. Applicants Review. must be free from the Control of Engagement Order, 1945. LECTRICAL Engineer, German refugee. University Salary £400-£600 p.a., according to qualifications.—Box training. 30 years' experience consulting power- 288. c/o Dorland. 18. Regent Street. S.W.l. 2351 stations, high tension and factory installations, seeks ANCHESTER Collieries Ltd. invite applications for position.—Box 7302. c/o The Electrical Review. M a vacancy which has arisen for Lighting Engineer. LECTRICAL Engineer, trained technically and prac- Duties include technical supervision of lamprooms, test ^ tically, thirty years’ experience in installation work, ing and research work on lamps, underground lighting industrial and residential power and fighting, fourteen layouts, measurement, etc. A practical and theoretical years with public supply authority, inspecting and testing knowledge of electricity and the theory of light is essential. and S. and D. used to estimates, costing and accounts. Training, if necessary, will be given in colliery cap-lamp South or South-west districts preferred. Could manage equipment. Salary will depend upon qualifications, etc. technical side and office for electrical contractors.—Box Applications, stating ’age, experience and qualifications, 7258. c/o The Electrical Review. should be sent to — The Chief Mining Agent’s Dept.. X^LECTRICAL Engineer (24). student I.E.E. up to B.Sc. Manchester Collieries Ltd., Walkden, Manchester. 2313 standard, experience in design, manufacture and testing LANNING Engineer to take charge of planning depart of electric motors, also knowledge of French and German, P ment and jig and tool drawing office. Must be first- seeks change of post providing scope for initiative and class jig and tool designer having good all-round experience organising ability.—Box 7274, c/o The Electrical Review. with mass production, particularly on small mechanisms T^LECTTRICAL Engineer (40), university training, 18 utilising press work, auto parts and bakelite mouldings. years’ experience supervising electrical installation Only Class "A” ex-service man accepted until present contracts, seeks post as Sales or Works Engineer.—Box restrictions removed. Good salary offered for right man. 7292. c/o The Electrical Review. Write, giving age. salary expected, experience, etc.. to— Box 2345. c/o The Electrical Review. 'P'NGINEER, Mechanical and Electrical, desires position ADIO Laboratory Engineer, over 51 or Class "A” ex- * as Works Manager with reputable firm engaged on R service man. with practical experience of Radio and instruments, radio, clocks, communications or F.H.P. also electrical measurements, offered permanent post with motors. Advertiser experienced in modern methods and good prospects.—Box 2323. c/o The Electrical Review. machine tools, also planning, estimating, time study, rate EPRESENTATIVE required for East Anglian area, fixing, topi design and work layout, small or large quan R operating from Ipswich office of C.M.A. firm of elec tities: 15 years administrative includes works and produc tric cable manufacturers. Write, stating age, experience, tion manager. Age over 40. Any firm desiring to go etc.. to—Box 2307. c/o Tjie Electrical Review. straight ahead with its peace-time programme on common- HHRANSFORMERS. Works Manager required for N.W. sense fines and prepared to pay a minimum salary of J- London. Must be fully experienced in manufacture £1.000 please communicate with—Box 7277. c/o The of transformers of all types up to 500 kVA and capable Electrical Review. of managing labour. Salary £750, plus commission on X^NGINEER seeks appointment overseas, 25 years’ ex- profits. Full - particulars of age, experience, etc.. to— perience erecting and maintenance diesel, steam and Box 2223. c/o The Electrical Review. hydro power stations. D.C. and H.T.-A.C.. refrigerators. \17'ELL-known Electrical Engineering Company have COa and ammonia, tin dredges, etc. Age 49, single. vacancies for suitable lads, under 18 years of age. Released array.—Box 7293, c/o The Electrical Review. with matriculation or general school certificate, for T^NGINEER. 15 years’ power, fight current and con- apprenticeship in the above industry. Good rates of pay suiting experience, seeks any post in London area.— and living accommodation provided.—Box 2245. c/o The Box 7299, c/o The Electrical Review. Electrical Review. T71 X-Merchant Navy Electrical Engineer, at present "\\TIREMAN wanted. London, over 51 or otherwise free foreman electrician M.A.P. factory, seeks service * ▼ to take position. Best conditions. Reply—Box 2344. agencies for North Wales and/or Merseyside areas. Wide c/o ITie Electrical Review. experience on “ trouble shooting ” and maintenance of domestic, industrial and marine equipment. British and American. Age 40. married, car owner, will travel for APPOINTMENTS FILLED interviews.—Box 7298, c/o The Electrical Review. Dissatisfaction having been so often expressed that un A TAN (36). 16 years’ design and production engineering successful applicants are left in ignorance of the fact that experience, desires change to outdoor work, in con the position applied for has been filled, may we suggest nection with electrical installation or agricultural imple that Advertisers notify us to that effect when they have ments.—Box 7304. c/o The Electrical Review. arrived at a decision? We will then insert a notice free X3LUMBER-Jointer (36), married, requires situation. of charge under this heading. South or South-east coast preferred. 15 years’ ex "DOX 2122—Buyer required. perience supply and contracting.—Box 7252, c/o The Electrical Review. SITUATIONS WANTED T3R0DUCTI0N Engineer (38) desires change in similar DVERTISER (50). experienced all branches, sales- capacity, 22 years’ planning. D.O., time study, tool A office organisation, many years administrative posi room, T.D.O. and shop experience on fight elect./mech. tion. methodical and efficient controller, seeks change.— products. Salary £650/£700. London. Surrey or Middle Box 7256. c/o The Electrical Review. sex.—Box 7273, c/o The Electrical Review. July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 77 R EfS £ rS ST^ ir}'E seeks ten;h with eiectrical maun- REBUILT MOTORS AND GENERATORS v-Arth nf Pnnu V experience, connection London and i Good education and appearance ' V h i • Ex- reis- and record.—Box T ONG deliveries can often be avoided by purchasing , 31o. c io T h e Electrical Review. rebuilt secondhand plant. We can redesign or replace O KILLED Draughtsman requires change, release surplus plant of any size. O promised, age 35. 15 years' exp. covering radio, elect, insts.. small mechanic and general engg.—Box 7239. SEND US YOUR ENQUIRIES. c/o The Electrical Review. W ITCH and Control Gear (E.H.T.. L.T. and Contactor OVER 1.000 RATINGS ACTUALLY IN STOCK HERE. S Instruments and Meters. Advertiser (55) has occupied positions of general, sales and w orks manager, requires administrative position, connection with corporations, DYNAMO & MOTOR REPAIRS LTD.. public supply companies, large industrial users and ship Wembley Park, Middlesex. per throughout U.K. Manchester 20 years. London 10 years. Efficient organiser small works.—Box 7291. c/o Telephone: Wembley 3121 (4 lines). The Electrical Review. Also at Phoenix Works, Belgrave Terrace, Soho Road. Handsworth, Birmingham. f o r s a l e Telephone: Northern 0898. Traders buying and setting hereunder must observe the 26 Restriction of Resale Order. S. R. & O. 1942 b o . 9o3. ELECTRIC MOTORS AND DYNAMOS GEORGE COHEN. SONS i CO. LTD A \’ E hold one of the largest stocks of New and Second r » hand Motors. Secondhand machines are thoroughly for overhauled. Inspection and tests can be made at our Works. GUARANTEED ELECTRICAL For Sale or Hire Send your enquiries to:— PLANT. BRITANNIA MANUFACTURING CO. LTD . MOTORS. GENERATORS. 22-26. BRITANNIA WALK. SWITCHGEAR. CITY ROAD, LONDON. N.I. Telephone: 5512-3 ClerkenwelL 13 etc. BURDETTE & CO. LTD. WOOD LANE. LONDON. W.13. Stock Telephone : Shepherds Bnsh 2010 and Reconditioned A.C. and D.C. Motors and Starters Equal ST ANNINGLEY, NEAR LEEDS. to New. Telephone: Pudsey 2241. STONHOUSE STREET. CLAP FT AM. S.W.4. Established 1334. 2/ Day and night service. MACaulay 4555. WATER TUBE BOILERS IN STOOK number of D.C. Generators. 100 kW. 500 volt. 250 Two 25.000 lbs. evaporation, 175 lbs. W .P A r.p.m.. Crompton, for coupling. Firet class. Low 175 lb s. .. price.—The Electroplant Co.. W embley, Middx. 23o0 Three 20.000 lbs. A C and D.C. House Service Meters, all sizes, quarterly Ooe 12.000 lbs. 200 lb s .. 160 lbs .. xX ' ¿nd prepayment, reconditioned, guaranteed one year One 12.000 lbs. 200 lbs. .. Repairs and recalibrations.—The Victg Electrical Co., 4<, One9/10.000 lbs. Battersea High Street. S.W .ll. TeL Battersea OiBO. if We install complete, including brickwork. \ .C. and D.C. Motors, all size, large stocks, fully Pumps. Piping Valves. Generating Sets and Motors m A guaranteed.—Milo Engineering Works. Milo Road. stock. Please send us your enquiries, we can give East Dulwich, S.E.22 (Forest Hill 4422).__ 6781 4 C. Motors. l/50th h.p. to 10 h.p.. from riock Also immediate delivery - A n.C.—The Johnson Engineering Co.. 86._Great Fort; land Street. London. W.l. TeL : Museum 6373. 5/ BURF0RD, TAYLOR 4 CO. LTD. A ERIAL Cables, all size quoted for; good deliveries Boiler Specialists, Middlesbrough. A against Government contract numbers. Edwardes Brcs 20. Blackfriars Road. London. S.R.1. /auo Telephone: Middlesbrough 2622. 32 AL TERNATING Diesel Set. complete installation for 120 kVA output. 400/3/50. in firstclass condition, rpdy A i t>w-. iriitCTTnnlant Co.. tVembl6Y, Middx . 234/ FOB 1 i'-n pXAT IM . Set, input D.C. 500 volt, output AC- HYDRAULIC PLANT. PUMPS. PRESSES. on ^ t e . First class.-¿he ELECTRICAL PLANT AND E lertrop^nt Co-. Wera ley. r.p-m.. 400/3/50. for POWER PLANT OF ALL ALTEENATOE. 200 * * * ^ Co.. Wembley. 2348 DESCRIPTIONS ^E C T E n& h^abS. 1/.044 up to 127/.103. deliveries send your enquiries to B Against M.O.S. requirements.—Edwardes Bros.. Oh THOS. W. WARD LTD.. friiPB O N s’l^e^riocks ISrted sizes, solid and cored B?os.:-20. Blackfriars Road. London. S.R L Brettenham House, Strand. London. 2220 Temple Bar 9631. __ __ TA C 220-volt Motors. 3 U p. to 10 h-P.. varans sp«*fc. . J J —City Electrical Co.. Emerald St.. W.C.l. 228o COX & DANKS LTD. -r^TFCTRODE Boiler. 600 kW. three-phase. 410 volts, T o w lth contro! Panel by Bastm ft A ll»: NEW AND SECONDHAND MOTORS : breaker and ammeters by C-E-E . I4U yu=. » A.C. and D.C.—Fractional to 100 h.p. M.G. SETS. DISTRIBUTION BOXES eme^geby central heating standby. Apply-Press A s s ^ MISCELLANEOUS SWITCHGEAR. ^¿H A uIt fIS - - itE l.pha«. 200/2^ vs. WOO n c u _ ft./min., £11 15s.—Southern Ignition Co. Ltd.. w ires ROAD FELTHAM. MIDDX 190. Thornton Boad. Croydon. f a g g s h o a p ^ 3471/3 78 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 (GENERATING Sets for sale. 18 kVA, 400/3/50, petrol; HE Stoke Newington Borough Council have for dis y * 2J-kW, 220-v. D.C. Crude Oil Set.—Fyfe, Wilson & T posal 91 Exide Batteries, 12 v. The batteries can Co. L td., Bishop’s Stortford. 2337 be inspected at the Old Town Hall. Milton Grove, N.16. TNSU-Glass covered Plain or Enamelled Instrument Offers to be addressed to the Town Clerk, Stoke Newing -1- Wires. No. 18 s.w.g.. No. 40 s.w.g.. stock deliveries.^- ton. N.16. by 14th July, 1945. Envelopes to be marked Saxonia, Roan Works, Greenwich. S.E.10. 29 “ B atteries.” 2308 T AKGE quantity of various types Insulated. Screened. ^TRANSFORMER Lead-in Wire, 7/38 and 14/38 s.w.g., P-V C. and Polythene-covered Wire, can be inspected Insu-Glass finished, various colours, stock.—Saxonia, at—Brookside Metal Co. Ltd.. Honey pot Lane. Stanmore, Greenwich, S.E.10. 34 Middlesex. 2206 ^TRANSFORMER, 160 kVA, oil immersed, self cooled. T ATEST type Slipring Motors by Crompton Parkinson, 2-phase, 3-wire, 50 cycles, indoor pattern.—J. A. wound for 400 volts, single-phase, 50 cycles supply, Jordan & Sons Ltd., Bilston. 2319 enclosed ventilated machines with end-shield ball bearings; ^TRANSFORMERS. single and three-phase. All types each complete with stator and rotor .starter, with no-volt up to 10 kVA.—Woden Transformer Co. (Phone. and overload releases. One 50-h.p.. 585-r.p.m., 3-bearing Bilston 41959), Moxley Road, Bilston. Staffs. 12 machine. Three 20-h.p., 960-r.p.m., 2-bearing machine. np.R.S. Cables and Flexibles, Welding Cables, supplied —George Cohen, Sons & Co. Ltd., Wood Lane, London, to M.O.S. requirements.—Edwardes Bros., 20. Black W.12. Tel.: Shepherds Bush 2070. 2333 friars Road, London. S.E.l. 7314 T EAD-covered and Armoured Cables. P.I. and V.I.R., T W O A.C.-D.C. Westinghouse Static Converters, input various special lines at low prices.—Edwardes Bros.. 200-250 v.. output 200-250 v. D.C., 3 amp., £25 each. 20, Blackfriars Road. London, S.E.l. 7309 Write— Engineer's Office, Austin Reed L td., 113, Regent ESLIE Dixon & Co. for Dynamos, Motors, Switchgear, Street, W .l. 7301 L Chargers and Telephones.—214, Queenstown Road, T W O Rotary Converters. 440 volts D.C. to 300 v. A/C.. Battersea. S.W.8. Telephone., MACaulay 2159. Nearest 50 periods, 1,500 revs., one-phase, 13.3/16.7 amps, Rly. Sta. : Queen's Road, Battersea (S.R.). IP resp., 12.5 kVA. One unused, one run about 10 hours.— AY we send our Engineers’ Stethoscope on approval Box 7297, c/o The Electrical Review. M (without obligation)? Particulars on request.—Uapac W . C. Davey & Co., 180 Tottenham Court Rd., London. Ltd., 2. Ullswater Road, London. S.W.13. 78 W.l, invite enquiries for Chiming Electric Bells. IVTOTOR Generator Set, 110 h.p., 3-phase, 400/440 Electric Locks, Luminous Indicators and Telephones. 2317 volt, drip-proof, slipring motor direct coupled TTTLSTINGHOUSE Rectifier, 400/440 volts, single- on bedplate to 66-kW, 110-volt, 1,450-r.p.m. D.C. dynamo phase. 50 cycles input. 4.5 volts, 275 amps. D.C. with accessories.—Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd., output, in sheet metal case 6' 6" x 14" x 10". Also 22/26, Britannia Walk, London, N.I. 2275 Plating Set, with self-excited Generator. 10 volts. 150 T/TOTOR Generator Sets and Convertors, all sizes and amps., direct coupled to 3-h.p., 400-volts, 3-phase, 50- voltages from § kWT up to 500 kW in stock.— cycles Motor, starting switch, D.C. regulator and meters: Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd., 22/26, Britannia Walk, good modern equipment. Further details from—Dynamo City Road, London, N.I. Telephone, Clerkenwell 5512. & Motor Repairs Ltd., Wembley Park. Middx. 2336 5513 & 5514. 28 to 5-h.p., 400/440, 3-phase, 50-cycle Motors, ex Govern OTOR Generators. Small D.C./D.C. Motor Genera I ment stock, no permit required.—Dawson, Caledonia, M tors, drive off 12-volt accumulator and give 230 Oakengates. 2249 volts, 30 m.a. D.C. output; off 6-volt, 110 v., 15 m.a. £*-h.p., 220-volt, shunt wound. 3,000-rev. ball-bearing output. Originally made for Gvt. radio; two commuta ^ Metro.-Vic. Motor, with Brookhirst starter, I.C. panel, tors. ball bearings, laminated fields, insulated brush gear, £18 10s.; 2-h.p. ditto, speed 720/1.440, £16.—Dawson. covered armature windings. In new condition, 75s. each. Caledonia, Oakengates. 2250 Aluminium Tubing, in approx. 12-foot coils. 5/16" I.D., i-kW Turbo-Generating Set. 110 volt D.C.. £40.— new, surplus W.D. stock, 3s. 6d. each.—Leslie Dixon & Co.. 6 2 Stewart Thomson & Sons. Fort Road, Seaforth. 214, Queenstown Road, Battersea, London, S.W.8. 65 Liverpool, 21. 55 'VTAMEPLATES, Engraving, Diesinking, Stencils. Steel 1 . -h.p. Blackstone Crude Oil Horizontal Engine, com- Punches.—Stilwell & Sons Ltd., 152, Far Gosford 7 2 plete with water-cooling tank, filter and silencer, Street, Coventry. 14 and fuel tank and fuel storage tank, 5 ft. long x 3 ft. 6 ins. NE new totally enclosed vertical Lancashire Dynamo diameter, direct coupled to a “ Bull ” Dynamo, 23 amps.. O 8-h.p. Fan Motor, for 200 v., 2-ph., 50 cys., with 100/160 volts, 320 r.p.m., fitted with a series/shunt four facings, without feet, shaft 2J" dia., 10" long, key- switch. The complete unit is in a first-class condition. way 6" long, with starter complete. Ex stock. For price Best offers to —Messrs. T. S. Bell & Co., 35. Tangier apply—H. J. H. King & Co. Ltd.. Engineers, Nailsworth. Street. Whitehaven, Cumberland. 49 Glos. 71 HONE 98 Staines. 130-kW. 110-v. D.C. Diesel QA-kW , 220-v.. 350-revs., S.I., two ped. brgs.. on bed- P Generating Set; 60-kW, 220-vo. D.C. ditto; 7/9-kW. OV/ plate.—Greenhalgh Bros.. Burton's Field Mill. 110-vo. D.C. ditto; 50-kW, 440/220-vo. D.C. Steam Set: Atherton, nr. Manchester. 2293 400-kW B'elliss Surface Condenser; Weir Feed Pumps, 1 A A -h.p.. 400/3/50, S.R., 730-revs.. Louvre Vent.. 9£" x 7" X 21" and 8i" x 6" X 13".—Harry H. Gardam J-V fvr B.T.H. (ball bearings), with Ellison O.I. gear.— & Co. L td., Staines. 60 Greenhalgh Bros.. Burton’s Field Mill, Atherton, M /cr. 2294 ORCELAIN Cleats, 2 and 3 groove, various sizes ex. 1 OfVkW , 220-volt, 1,200-r.p.m. Compound Wound P stock, price list.—Edwardes Bros., 20, Blackfriars T v/vJ Crompton Generator, ball bearing, practically Road, London. S.E.l. 7310 new; 75-h.p.. 400-volt, 3-phase, 580 r.p.m. Slip Ring ORCELAIN Insulators, various sizes in stock, galv. Motor and Starter.—T. Porter & Co. (Salford) Ltd., Weaste P spindles.—Edwardes Bros., 20, Blackfriars Road. Works, Tootal Road, Salford, 5. 7305 London, S .E .l. 7311 1 1 O v Lighting Plant, large capacity and in good con- OTARY Converters in stock, all sizes: enquiries J-_Lvr dition.—James Edwards & Sons (Inkpen) Ltd.. R invited.—Universal Electrical, 221, City Road, Inkpen, Newbury, Berks. 2301 London. E.C.l. 16 1 G fY kVA Bdliss/Crompton Alternator. 400/3/50. 4- OEVERAL Telescopic Tower Ladders ready for essential wire. Seen running.—Stewart Thomson & Sons. O work. Extensions. Trestles and Steps to order.— Fort Road. Seaforth. Liverpool. 21. 47 Shaftesbury Ladders Ltd., 453, Katherine Road. E.7. I £C(T-h.p.. 420-volt D.C. Motor by English Electric Co.. •Grangewood 3363. 15 0 ii r jn g bearings, 716 r.p.m., compound interpole. SPECIAL line. Bell and Telephone Wires, also screened C.I. bedplate. 3rd pedestal bearing, pulley 21" x 21". wires, large quahtity, cheap.—Edwardes Bros., 20, and slide rails. ” Igranic ” floor type starter panel with Blackfriars Road. London, S.E.l. 7312 volt- and ammeter. This motor is in excellent condition TAFF Time Checking and Job Costing Time Recorders and is being changed due to an A.C. supply being taken. S (all makes) for quick cash sale. Exceptional con Best offers to—Messrs. T. S. Bell & Co.. 35. Tangier St.. dition. Write — Box 528, Smiths, 100, Fleet Street. Whitehaven. Cumberland. 48 London, E.C.4. 31 1 CA -kW . 500-volts, 700-revs. S.I., two ped. brgs.. on OTEAM Alternating Sets, Two. 150 kVA, by B“rowett bedplate.—Greenhalgh Bros., B urton’s Field Mill. ^ Lindley. vert. H.S. engine. 1501bs. pressure.—Norman Atherton, nr. Manchester. 2295 E. Potts (Birmingham) Ltd., 105, Alcester Road South. 2 0 0 yards 19 /-052 single new L.C. Cable.—Electricals Birmingham, 14. 2204 Ltd., 14, Claremont Place, Newcastle-upon- WITCH and Fuse Units, Conduits and fittings, works Tyne. 3. 2222 S requirements stocked.—Edwardes Bros., 20. Black 2 ^ 0 'kVA Alternator- 400 volts, 3-phase, 50 cycles. 750 friars Road, London, S.E.l. 7313 -A i. reJ s- with direct-coupled exciter; also two 250- SWITCHBOARDS suitable for dynamos and alternators. kW Rotary Converters, with transformers and switchgear, all sizes from 100 amp. up to 1.500 amp.—Britannia input 6.600 volts. 3-phase. 50 cycles, output 420/210 volts Manufacturing Co. Ltd., 22/26, Britannia Walk, London. D.C.—Midland Counties Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd.. N .I. 25 Grice Street, Spon Lane. West Bromwich. 36 July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w {Supplement) 79 ARTICLES WANTED INDIAN FIRM A -^iid^PV °ther therm°Plastic serap; polythene interested in the import of manufactured Electrical Goods. Lamps. Cables, Wire, SIS? Machinery, etc. W?1ted tor essential work." Manufacturers desirous of exporting to Box 63, c/o The Electrical Review India may correspond, stating terms and NAMELLED Copper Wire wanted.' Please state quan- sending full particulars, with E tity. make, gauge and price.—Box 61 c/o Th. Electrical Review. 1 c/0 llUf KACKER & CO.. NGINEERING Technical Books (new or secondhand) E wanted in any quantity. Attractive cash offers Call The Mall. Cawnpore, India. —Third floor, 356, Oxford Street. W.l, or "Stoneleigh " 2331 St. George's Avenue. Weybridge. ' ¿o NE 12.000-kW Steam Turbine, steam pressure 160 lbs7 A GTEN,CIES required. South of England, including the O per sq. inch, total temperature about 650° F. Ti anc;fnrm0rilc^rea: (a) p ables: (b) Small Switchgear; (c) 10,000 volts, 3-phase, 50 cycles, with all accessories and whnl S i ' K ° r any i ines suitable for distribution for surface condenser.—Box 2334. c /o The Electrical Review. wholesalers business.—Box 40. c/o The Electrical Review, W f ANTED. Crypton " Constant Potential " Battery h i , V , ° lnd.ia: An export house with well-estab- Charging Equipment complete. 100-amp. capacity hear frnm irfj?ni?fS°ns in Indian market desires to for 12-volt batteries. Particulars, etc., to—C. S. Ltd.. hold t$ iJr^rs °i Electrical Accessories, House- Staffa Road, Leyton. E.10. 2274 their pinnS Refn^ rators. etc.. who seek to expand W ANTED. Rotary Converters, any size.—Universal. Fmnifp ^ L r ? in?SS' Write, giving full details, to the— »» 221, City Road. London. E.C .l. 22 London, EC 2 Import Company. 2. Broad Street Place. T ONDON Arm wish to contact manufacturer with ?a WORK WANTED AND OFFERED ®ale. Excellent connections throughout England and Wales with manufacturers of domestic and other electric appliances and with radio valve manufac CAPACITY FOR turers. Prepared to hold London stock.—Box 2253. c/o lhe Electrical Review. VACUUM IMPREGNATING FOR TROPICAL "J\/rANUFACTURERS' Agent (est. 1924) desires to cori- „ , tact electrical accessories manufacturers requiring Northern representation.—Patrick. Hillside Drive. Wool- AND MOST SPECIFICATIONS. ton. Liverpool. 7295 lA/rANUFACTURERS’ Agents, covering the whole of F. W. BLANSHARD LTD.. Great Britain and Colonies, are desirous of contact 128/130, Oval Road. Croydon. ing manufacturers with a view to sole selling rights (either commission or buying), post-war arrangements considered. Telephone: CROydon 3411/2. —Box 23, c/o The Electrical Review. 7289 PAIN. Electrical Engineer with extensive connections S in electrical and radio branches all over the country, A LUMINIUM Electric Kettles repaired.—W. Baker. desires representations. Address—Apartado 9119, Madrid. Contractor to Municipal Authorities and Electricity 2310 Undertakings. 48. The Arcade. Northam pton. 7296 ELL-established Engineering concern, with first-class M A C H IN IN G Work, for Centre Lathes up to 6£ in. W connections in Scottish coalfields, are open to con centres and medium-sized milling (good grade work sider Agency or Representation for Mining Machinery or preferred).—The London Electric Firm. Croydon. Up Equipment. Cars, offices, etc., available, also stores and lands 4871. 56 modern workshops if servicing facilities required.—Box IXTESSRS. Birney Smallwood Products Ltd.. Swan 2305. c/o The Electrical Review. Works. Fishers Lane. London. W.4. can accept en ORKING concern manufacturing Wireless and Loud quiries for Wireless and Loud Speaker Cabinets. Table and W Speaker Cabinets. Table and Floor Lamps, • Drop Floor Lamps. Drop Fittings, etc. Prom pt delivery. 2320 Fittings and other woodwork of any description require l\/fOVING Coil Instruments rewound and scaled to Representative calling on electrical firms and others. special requirements.—Electrical Instrument Repair Liberal commission.—Birney Smallwood Products Ltd.. Service, Stanimede. Forlease Road. Maidenhead. 7244 Swan Works. Fishers Lane. London, W.4. 2321 ^lA LL Armatures, etc.. winding or re-winding, in ^ quantity. High-class work, prompt delivery.— Southern Ignition Co. L td.. 190, Thornton Road. Crov- BUSINESSES FOR SALE AND WANTED don. 59 London firm of builders and electrical contractors, A with substantial liquid resources and extensive organisation, wishes to purchase or otherwise take a AGENCIES financial interest in an established business of Electrical Contractors, preferably in the Westminster district. Reply INVITATION TO —Box 2309. c/o The Electrical Review. '.OOD class Electrical business for sale, house (six BRITISH MANUFACTURERS G r rooms), showroom, stores, workshop, etc.. freehold. For full particulars apply—Box 7294, c /o The Electrical Review. \\7 ’E wish to contact British manufacturers of IV'EON Company, factory in London. West End. ’ ’ Electrical and Mechanical Machinery and valuable lease, small rent, goodwill, well-equipped Equipment. General Engineering Stores and glass-bending and pumping room, also assembling, drawing Hardware regarding representation of their pro rooms and offices.—Box 7275, c/o The Electrical Review. ducts as Agents and Distributors in India, particularly Northern India. Sind and Bombay Presidency. PREMISES WANTED ACTORY and Offices required, in or around London, (Bankers: National Bank of India Ltd.. Lahore.) F by well-known Electrical Instrument Manufacturers. Light building, at least 25.000 sq. ft. floor space. For GAYTEE & COMPANY. immediate or future occuDation. Rent or purchase. Box Engineers. Merchants and Importers. 2322. c/o The Electrical Review. Berry Court, Thornton Road. Lahore. INDIA. v 2306 MISCELLANEOUS A young man desires London Agency from manufacturer. ATTERY Chargers Modernised. Your old Charger made B like new by specialists Conversion from ™lve,to metal Good connection with electrical and wireless whole rectification. Send for interesting leaflet Q.D. on this salers and retailers.—Box 7103, c/o The Electrical Review. service —Runbaken Electrical Products. Manchester 1 45 A GENCIES required for London, South of England, for , it. n'nr: R a PHY A photograph says more than a the following: (1) Domestic electrical appliances: i thousand words.' Realistic photographs for catalogues (2) Brass electrical accessories, switch plugs, etc.: (3) Con brochures and general reproduction purposes. AI^branches duit. Advertisers have clientele with every wholesaler in of photographic work undertaken. Records made of present the territory mentioned. Immediate turnover can be wort?) premises. etc.-M iles & Kaye Ltd Industrial Photo- guaranteed. Either commission or buying basis. Post eraohers. 100. Southampton Row, London. W.C. . Tele- war arrangements considered. ■— Box 64, c/o The Elec phoneHOLbom 6858. Established over 50 years. 2248 trical Review. 8 0 ÍSupplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w July 13, 1945 PATENT NOTICES Great Possibilities for TECHNICALLY QUALIFIED ENGINEERS T is desired to secure the full commercial development I in the United Kingdom of British Patent No 4/0047. which relates to an improved multi-pole electric circuit Key Men in War-Time and Afterward» breaker, either by way of the grant of licences or .other wise on terms acceptable to the Patentee. Interested rpH E finest posts and the great majority of posts in parties .desiring copies of the patent specifications and Great Britain in this war are technical. The same further particulars, should apply to—Stevens. Langner, will be the case when the war is over. The vast increase Parry & Rollinson, 5 to 9. Quality Court. London. W.C.2. in mechanisation now being applied to war purposes will 2332 then be suitably utilised in reconstruction, and in trade ACSIMILE Recorder. The proprietor of Letters and commerce. Take a recognised Engineering Quali F Patent No. 536645, relating to the above matter, is fication through home-study with the T.I.G.B., whose desirous of entering into negotiations for the sale of. or Students have gained 35 FIRST PLACES in the issue of licences under the patent. Enquiries to—For A.M.Inst.C.E.. A.M.I.E.E.. A.M.I.Mech.E.. A.F.R.Ae.S.. rester. Ketley & Co.. Chartered Patent Agents. 88-90. etc.. examinations. Write to-day for “ The Engineer’s Chancery Lane. London. W.C.2. 2330 Guide to Success,” containing the world's widest choice of engineering Courses—over 200—covering all branches : EDUCATIONAL NOTICES Electrical. Aeronautical, Mechanical. Wireless, etc. THE TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF LATEST A.M.I.E.E. RESULTS GT. BRITAIN 35. Temple Bar House. London. E.C.4. 77 N the recent Examinations held by the Institution of I Electrical Engineers 477 Candidates sat who had taken B.I.E.T. courses. Of these 457 were successful in passing the examinations. We believe this record of 457 successes out of 477 entrants has never before been SMALL TRANSFORMERS approached by any oral or correspondence tutorial organisation, and indicates the very high efficiency of LIGHTING : INDUSTRIAL : RADIO the modern system of Technical training which we have laid down. Chokes, resistors, magnet The B.I.E.T. tutorial organisation is waiting to assist coils, windings generally you either with a short specialist course or complete and wire-wound components. training for a recognised examination. Approved for Services use. We have available a large full-time staff of instructors, while the efficiency of our extensive organisation is a byword among engineers. SIMM0NDS BROS. WE GUARANTEE—“ NO PASS—NO FEE” RABONE LANE, SMETHWICK May we send a copy of " ENGINEERING OPPOR LONDON : Abford House, W ilton Rd. TUNITIES ” ? Containing a great deal of useful advice Telephone : VICTORIA 5780 and detailed information on over 200 Home-Study Courses and examinations, this handbook is of very real value to the ambitious engineer. LOWNOOR BEST YORKSHIRE IRON LTD. Our highly informative handbook will be sent FREE [ronworiu. lowrnoor. Bradford . Ph.reTIS-6_____ and without obligation on request. BRITISH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING TECH N0L0GY. Established 1927—over 200,000 students. // 12. S h a ke sp ea re H ouse, 17. 18 & 19. Stratford Place Oxford Street. London. W.l. Recent LndepencentTest 33 /. TO. QOO H ERI0T-W ATT COLLEGE. EDINBURGH (Affiliated to the University of Edinburgh) Full-time Three Years’ Diploma Courses in Mechanical 60,003 Engineering and Electrical Engineering FOR u * s / o ' Mechanical Engineering: Professor A. R. Horne. O.B.E.. HIGH PERMEi BIUTY B.Sc.. M.I.Mech.E., A.M.I.C.E. Electrical Engineering: Professor M. G. Say. Ph.D..M.Sc.. M.I.E.E. X^NTRANCE Examination for those not otherwise quali- j fied for admission. 18th and 19th September. Three Scholarships (value £35 per annum) are offered on the results of this examination. Session begins Monday. USE LOVi/MOORI RON 8th October. in plac e o f S» ed ish In view of National Service and Ministry of Labour requirements, intending students should make application for enrolment at an early date. J. CAMERON SMAIL. Principal. 20.000 k ______2304 ; m BATTERSEA POLYTECHNIC. LONDON. S.W.11 10,000 TRIPLE HAMMERED Joint Section “A" Examinations of the Institution of ; Civil Engineers and Institution of Electrical Engineers 1 1 IO O .0 20 ?0 *0 50 «0 PECIAL Courses in preparation for the above examina A mpiih Turks Pfew Inch S tion will be held during the Session 1945-46 at the Registered Trade Marks : Battersea Polytechnic, and prospective candidates are invited to apply for particulars from the Principal. " LOWMOOR,” TAYLORS, LEEDS.” Session opens September 24th, 1945. 2303 •• FARNLEY,” MONKBRIDGE, YORKS ” 13, 1945 July E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w {Supplement) 81 The “ Fluxite Quins " at work -Immediate Deliveries/■ “ Triumph ” Fuses are in stock, “ Oood gracious, w e're for Switchboard and Busbar fast losing height— Mounting, in all ratings from That burst pipe's put 5 amps. ‘250 volts to 350 amps. paid to the Flight ” 500 volts. “ Cheer u p — do n 't Prom pt deliveries of all types of desp a ir ®oar DETERMINES PERFORMANCE /ARLEY ^ 4 Q E * A CCU RA CY * UNIFORMITY * RELIABILITY *SERVICE LITHOLITE INSULATORS & * COMPETITIVE PRICES ST. ALBANS MOULDINGS LTD EXPRESS DELIVERIES DAILY IN LONDON AREA T h e VARLEY MAGNET COMPANY WATFORD BLOOMFIELD ROAD Telephone: , WOOLWICH,S.E.l 8 PHONE: WATFORD 4494 WOOIwich 1422 (6lines) “ 82 (Supplement) E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w July 13, 1945 PAGE Index to Advertisers Drake & Gorham Wholesale Ltd ...... 8 PAGE Duratube & Wire Ltd ...... 86 Agro Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 67 Electric Lamp Manufacturers' Association...... 41 Air Ducts Ltd ...... 82 Electrical Machinery Traders’ Association...... 64 Allen, W. H., Sons & Co. Ltd ...... 26 Electro-Alloys Ltd ...... 58 Arrow Electric Switches Ltd ...... 60 Aston Chain & Hook Co. Ltd ...... 61 Elexcel Ltd ...... 18 Astor Boisselier & Lawrence Ltd...... 20 Empire Rubber Co ...... 45 Enfield Cables Ltd ...... 23 Austins of East Ham Ltd ...... 64 Engineering & Lighting Equipment Co. Ltd ...... 10 Automatic Coil Winder & Elecl. Equipment Co. Ltd. 85 English Numbering Machines Ltd...... 55 Avery, W. & T., Ltd ...... 52 Ensign Lamps Ltd ...... 4 Bakelite Ltd...... 34 Enthoven, H. J., & Sons Ltd ...... 64 Barlow-Whitney Ltd ...... 54 Everett Edgcumbe & Co. Ltd...... 36 Belling & Lee L td...... 42 Evershed & Vignoles Ltd...... 31 B.E.N. Patents Ltd ...... 84 F erranti L td ...... II Birch, H. A., & Co. Ltd Cover ii Finlayson Bousfield & Co. Ltd ...... 50 British Electric Transformer Co. Ltd ...... 7 F itter & Poulton L td...... 46 British Insulated Cables Ltd ...... 9 Flather & Co. L td...... 28 British Insulated Callender's Cables Ltd...... 71 Fluxite Ltd ...... 81 British Ropes Ltd ...... 12 British Thomson-Houston Co. Ltd ...... 5 Geipel, William, Ltd...... 83 Bromley-Langton Electric Wire & Insulator Co. Ltd. 55 General Accessories Co. Ltd...... 68 Brush Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 22 General Electric Co. Ltd ...... 15 & 72 Brvterlite Electrical Co. (Belfast) Ltd ...... 40 Graham Farish Ltd ...... a ...... 24 Burdette & Co. Ltd ...... 38 Green, Horace, & Co. Ltd ...... 55 Burn. George, Ltd ...... 44 Harcourts Ltd ...... 56 Castle Fuse & Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 81 Harland Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 13 Clarke, Chapman & Co. Ltd ...... 65 Heatrae Ltd ...... 1 Clarke, H., & Co. (Manchester) Ltd ...... 40 Henley's, W. T., Telegraph Works Co. Ltd ...... 59 Connollys (Blackley) Ltd ...... 66 Hick Hargreaves & Co. Ltd ...... 48 Constructors Ltd ...... 54 Higgs Motors Ltd ...... 3 Copper Development Association...... 30 Holophane Ltd ...... 21 C rom pton Parkinson L td 19, 28 & 53 Hopkinsons Ltd ...... 83 Croydon Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 60 Hutchinson's...... 68 Hyde, J. B„ & Co. Ltd ...... 65 D avis & Tim m ins L td ...... 86 Delco-Remy & Hyatt Ltd...... 54 Igranic Electric Co. Ltd ...... 25 De Renzi, Holmes & Co. Ltd ...... 61 Ismay, John, & Son Ltd ...... 65 D onovan Electrical C d. L td ...... 86 Dowler, F., & S o n s...... 50 (Continued on page 84) Frames and Cases for Electrical Equipment FEEDER PILLARS, CUBICLE AND TELEPHONE BOXES, BUSBAR CHAMBERS, CONNECTION BOXES, INSTRUMENT PANELS DUCTS AIR LTD. GREAT WEST ROAD, BRENTFORD Phone: Ealing 6655. Telegraphic Address: " Airdux, Erentford." July 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 83 HOPKINSONS' centrifugal PURIFIERS For the efficient removal of impurities from Tur bine Oils, Lubricating Oils, Fuel Oils, Insulating HOPKINSONS LIMITED • HUDDERSFIELD Oils etc., etc. London Office: 34 Norfolk St., Strand, W .C.2 Telegrams : “ Patella, Sedist, London Telephone : H op 0594 (3 lines) V.I.R. & THERMOPLASTIC, BRAIDED, LEAD COVERED & SHEATHED Head Office: 156-170 Bermondsey Street, LONDON, S.E.1 WILLIAM 6 E IP E L LTB Cable Works : WEMBLEY, MIDDLESEX UNRIVALLED EXPERIENCE in all Boiler Feed and Feed Heating Problems in large and small installations, is proved by the use of W eir Auxiliaries in the most important Power Stations, Naval and Merchant Ships, M anufacturing Plants and Industrial Concerns of the world. W rite for Booklet No. 38 “ Power Plant Auxiliaries.” TD CATHCART G. & J. WEIR L GLASGOW 8 4 (Supplement) E l e c t r ic a l R e v i e w July 13, 1945 PAGE Index to Advertisers Reyrolle, A.. & Co. Ltd ...... 6 Ritherdon & Co. Ltd ...... (Continued from page 82) PAGE Ross Courtney & Co. Ltd ...... * Johnson & Phillips Ltd ...... 69 Rowlands Electrical Accessories Ltd ...... 70 Runbaken Electrical Products...... 86 Lancashire Dynamo & Crypto Ltd ...... 49 Langley Alloys Ltd ...... 25 Salter, George, & Co. Ltd ...... 46 Laurence, Scott & Electromotors Ltd ...... C over i Siemens Electric Lamps & Supplies Ltd ...... 35 Linread Ltd ...... 85 Siemens-Schuckert (Great Britain) Ltd ...... 24 Litholite Insulators & St. Albans Mouldings Ltd 81 Simmonds Bros...... 80 Liverpool Electric Cable Co. Ltd ...... 14 Small Electric Motors Ltd ...... 44 Londex L td ...... 86 Smith’s English Clocks Ltd ...... 20 Lowmoor Best Yorkshire Iron Ltd ...... 80 Sperryn & Co ...... 67 Lyons, Claude, Ltd ...... 52 Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd ...... 2 Stephens Belting Co. Ltd ...... 81 Macrome Ltd ...... 57 Stemaw Co. Ltd ...... 85 Matterson Ltd ...... 46 Strand Electric & Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 68 McGeoch, William, & Co. Ltd ...... 20 ' Suflex L td ...... 17 McKechnie Bros. Ltd „ ...... 32 j Sun vie Controls Ltd ...... 28 M.C.L. & Repetition Ltd ...... 1 j Measurement Ltd...... 39 | Terry, Herbert, & Sons Ltd Cover iii M etallic Seamless T ube C o. L td ...... 64 Thom Electrical Industries Ltd ...... 47 Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co. Ltd 27 i T.M.C.-Harwell (Sales) Ltd ...... 67 Metway Electrical Industries Ltd ...... 60 Tok Switches Ltd ...... 84 Midland Dynamo Co. Ltd ...... 67 Tucker, J. H., & Co. Ltd ...... 16 Midland Electric Mfg. Co. Ltd 33 I U h lh o m Bros. L td ...... 58 Mirrlees Watson Co. Ltd ...... 56 \ United Ebonite & Lorival Ltd ...... 28 National Fire Protection Co. Ltd ...... 43 Universal Boilers & Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 24 Newman Motors 63 j Varley Magnet Co ...... 81 Oliver Pell Control Ltd..'...... 46 ! Veritys L td ...... 37 Outram, C. W., & Co. Ltd ...... 56 ! Victoria Instrument Co. Ltd ...... 24 Partridge Wilson, E., & Co. Ltd...... 32 | Ward & Goldstone Ltd ...... 59 Perkins, F., Ltd ...... 51 j Ward, Thos. W., Ltd ...... 58 Permutit Co. Ltd ...... 29 , W eir, G . & J., L td ...... 83 Philips Lamps Ltd ...... Cover iv j Welding Industries Ltd ...... 68 Phosphor Bronze C o. L td ...... 40 ; Westminster Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 1 Pinchin, Johnson & Co. Ltd 57 | W estool L td ...... 85 Portable Furnace & Patents Co...... 46 Whittick, R. B ...... 84 Pritchett & Gold and E.P.S. Co. Ltd 62 i Wilcox, Edward, & Co. Ltd...... 60 Pyrotenax Ltd 8 ! Wright, Bindley & Gell Ltd ...... 42 Rejafix Ltd .. 54 j Yorkshire Electric Transformer Co. Ltd ...... 48 ROTARY QUICK MAKE & BREAK BRITISH MADE THROUGHOUT. For all purposes — fully tested T Switches to customers’ requirements. Let us use our long experience to solve your Switching p roblems. FRACTIONAL HORSE TOK SWITCHES LTD. POWE R MOTORS CAMBRIDGE ROW, BURRAGE ROAD WOOLWICH, S.E.I8 C. M. A. CABLES 0 SWITCH E SMALL TRANSFORMERS SWITCHGEAR & FUSES j $ £ l v N o . 2 CONTROLLERS. RESISTANCES * SPRAY PAINT COMBINATION Comprises essential equip ment for continuous spray painting, including Spray Gun, Pressure Paint Con tainer, Hose and connections. W rite for Catalogue C.B.34. A ß F O R D HOUSE, WILTON ROAD B.E.N. PATENTS LTD. LONDON, S.W.I. Tel.: VIC 5780 HIGH WYCOMBE, BUCKS July 13, 1945 E l e c t r i c A t R e v ie w {Supplemem ) 85 PRECISION I N S M A L L PARTS The 50-range Model 7 Universal Avoneier. The world-wide use of dependable accuracy, “ A V O ” Instruments is which is often used striking testimony to their as a standard by which outstanding versatility, other instruments are precision and reliability. judged. There is an In every sphere of elec “ AV O " instrument for trical test work they every essential electrical are appreciated for their test. Orders can now only be accepted which bear a Government Contract Number and Priority Rating Sole Proprietors and Manufacturers : AUTOMATIC COIL WINDER & ELECTRICAL EQUIPM ENT CO., LTD., Winder House, Douglas Street, London, S.W .I. Phone : Victoria 3404-S. WINDOW PANEL BOLT Complete in four operations, this bolt, made to fine limits, is a typical example of the sturdiness and precision that can be obtained by scientifi cally-controlled cold forging. STERNAW COMPANY Specialists in Cold Forging; Roll 4 UCHFIELD TERRACE, RICHMOND Threaded Screws; Solid and Tubular SURREY Richmond 0222 & 4680 Rivets; Nuts and Bolts in all metals; Small Pressings; Auto and Capstan- turned parts. LINREAD LTD., STERLING WORKS, HELP COX STREET, BIRMINGHAM 3. wESTOOl TELEPHONE No. CEN. 3SS1 P .B .X . WITH YOUR POST-WAR PROBLEMS ON ALL TELE GRAMS : ‘ ‘ L INREAD BIRMIN GRAM." London Office: Electro-Mechanical Apparatus Clifton House, Euston R o a d , London, N.W .l. Solenoids and Electro-Magnets Tele. No. Euston S261 FOR TECHNICAL ADVICE. WRITE:— Westool Works PUTNEY Putney, S.W.15 4281/2 3 8 6 (Supplement) E lectrical Review July 1 3 , 1 9 4 5 ★ Small Turned Parts and Inserts made to order. Enquiries invited. ETxustwotlhy g P U ttic U ■ '. Note the tongue which ensures perfect and permanent contact. Easy to fix. Nuts cannot turn. All sizes from half to two inches THE DONOVAN ELECTRIOALCO.LTO. BIRMINGHAM 9 Electrical Manufacturers and Stockholders LONDEX ^ RELAYS MECHANISM OF TIME DELAY RELAY PRL New dual model indicates 2/30 volts and Synchronously driven Instantaneous re-set 100,750 volts A .C . D .C. Readily adjustable over Indispensable for Electrical and Radio wide range Engineers. From all dealers or direct. Ask for Leaflet 97/Eft Send for Leaflet Q 4 LONDEX- ITD RUN BAKEN MANCHES TERI MANUFACTURERS OF RELAYS Av* orksY 207 ANERIEY ROAD-L0ND0N S E-20 SVOENHAM'^btt/ P rin te d in G reat B ritain a t THE CHAPEL RIVER PRESS, A ndover, H a n ts, an d published by ELECTRICAL REVIEW, L im it e d , at Dorset House, Stamford Street, London, S.E.l. 111 J u ly 13, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w No. 554. RO UND . N o. 366. F L A T SPR IN G N o. 352. B E V E L L E D HARDENED AND PLAIN ENDS. ALL WHIT SIZES. TEMPERED DOMED. N o. 11 3 1 . FLANGE WASHERS. N o. 159. N o. 421. N o. 367. LARGE 2*. I" HOLE. SQUARE SECTION. GROVER TYPE. HEAVY DOUBLE SMALL if. HOLE. No. 512. No. 1302. No. 54. N o. 554 D. HARDENED AND FLAT SPRING B. S. F. LIGHT DOUBLE TEMPERED. TIPPED ENDS ^ ALL SIZES. COIL. and pl»in SteC,i i u m s ction, etc* et^ te- 1 I aS know y ° ur ... c We can 1 ;'y- 9u'resS«orking I s i " “ t r ™ ‘ STRINGS FAM OUS ' FOR SPRINGS 1 Sole Makers: & p r e s s w o r k HERBERT TERRY & SONS LTD., REDDITCH i for u-or-it^c SIN C E LONDON MANCHESTER BIRMINGHAM catalogs I 8 S S