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Report No. REC-ERC-90-L, “Compilation Report on the Effects

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Report No. REC-ERC-90-L, “Compilation Report on the Effects REC-ERC-SO-1 January 1990 Denver Office U. S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation 7-2090 (4-81) Bureau of Reclamation TECHNICAL REEPORT STANDARD TITLE PAG 3. RECIPIENT’S CATALOG ~0. 5. REPORT DATE Compilation Report on the Effects January 1990 of Reservoir Releases on 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE Downstream Ecosystems D-3742 7. AUTHOR(S) 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION E. Cheslak REPORT NO. J. Carpenter REC-ERC-90-1 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. WORK UNIT NO. Bureau of Reclamation Denver Office 11. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO. Denver CO 80225 13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED 12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS Same 14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE DIBR 15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Microfiche and/or hard copy available at the Denver Office, Denver, Colorado. Ed: RDM 16. ABSTRACT Most of the dams built by the Bureau of Reclamation were completed before environmental regulations such as the Clean Water Act, National Environmental Protection Act, or Toxic Substances Control Act existed. The management and operation of dams was instituted under conditions where the ecology of the downstream habitat was unknown and largely ignored. Changing or modifying structures, flow regimes, and land use patterns are some of the efforts being pursued by the Bureau to reconcile or mitigate the effects of impoundment to comply with these environmental policies and to maximize the potential for recreation, fisheries, and water quality in tailwater habitats for the water resource users. The purpose of this report is to provide a reference document intended to aid in the management, compliance, and problem solving processes necessary to accomplish these goals in Bureau tailwater habitats. This report was organized by categorizing each reference with the Bureau region in which the information originated. Each of the five regions is discussed in a separate section, with each section containing a complete bibliographic reference for each literature citation. Included with each bibliographic entry is additional information about the State, county, dam, and drainage associated with the literature. A subject code is also listed that categorizes the literature into one of five main subject categories, and one or more letters that may indicate specific subcategories, Each regional section of this report begins with a discussion of the information available for that region, problem tailwater areas, and a discussion of the literature covering the five subject categories. This will allow the user to locate a tailwater by region, State, county, or drainage; and to determine if any literature is available for that tailwater and what subjects that literature covers. 17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS 0. DESCRIPTORS-- tailwaters/ regulated streams/ dams/ reservoirs/ impoundments/ water quality/ fishery/ modeling/ habitat/ ecology 5. IDENTIFIERS-- C. COSATI Field/Group 2404 COWRR: SRIM: 16. DlSTRlBUTlON STATEMENT 19. SECURITY CLASS 21. NO. OF PAGE (THIS REPORT) Available from the National Technical Information service, Operations 107 UNCLASSIFIED Division, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 2216 I. 20. SECURITY CLASS 22. PRICE (Microfiche and/or hard copy availabe from NTIS.) (THIS PAGE) UNCLASSIFIED REC-ERC-90-1 COMPILATION REPORT ON THE EFFECTS OF RESERVOIR RELEASES ON DOWNSTREAM ECOSYSTEMS Dr. Edward Cheslak and Jeanette Carpenter Biosystems Analysis, Inc. Golden Gate Energy Center Sausalito, California edited by Sharon G. Campbell Environmental Sciences Section Applied Sciences Branch Research and Laboratory Services Division Denver Office Denver, Colorado January 1990 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR * BUREAU OF RECLAMATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The references for this report were acquired by personnel from the Denver Office Library over an 18-month period. This task was both difficult and labor intensive, and their efforts are greatly appreciated. Dr. K. A. Barrick prepared the index cards for this report that contain all the informa- tion presented in the bibliographic sections and a short abstract of the document. His work was the basis for the entire report. Thanks are also due to all the regional personnel in the planning and environmental offices who provided informa- tion, references, and reviews on their region’s section of the report. Mission: As the Nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally-owned public lands and natural and cultural resources. This includes fostering wise use of our land and water resources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is in the best interests of all our people. The Department also promotes the goals of the Take Pride in America campaign by encouraging stewardship and citizen responsibility for the public lands and promoting citizen participation in their care. The Department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and l for people who live in Island Territories under U.S. Administration. The information contained in this report regarding commercial products or firms may not be used for advertising or promotional purposes and is not to be construed as an endorsement of any product or firm by the Bureau of Reclamation. CONTENTS Page Introduction ................................................................................. Water quality ............................................................................. Aquatic ecology ........................................................................... Fish .................................................................................... Invertebrates ........................................................................... Algae and aquatic weeds ................................................................ Zooplankton ............................................................................ Stream regulation ......................................................................... Modeling ................................................................................. Bibliography .............................................................................. Great Plains Region ......................................................................... 17 Water quality ............................................................................. 17 Aquatic ecology ........................................................................... 19 Fish ................................................................................... 19 Invertebrates ........................................................................... 20 Algae and aquatic weeds ................................................................ 21 Zooplankton ............................................................................ 22 Stream regulation ......................................................................... 23 Modeling ................................................................................. 24 Bibliography .............................................................................. 25 Upper Colorado Region ....................................................................... 39 Water quality ............................................................................. 39 Aquatic ecology ........................................................................... 40 Fish ................................................................................... 40 Invertebrates ........................................................................... 42 Algae and aquatic weeds ................................................................ 42 Zooplankton ............................................................................ 43 Stream regulation ......................................................................... 43 Modeling ................................................................................. 43 Additional information ..................................................................... 43 Bibliography .............................................................................. 44 Lower ColoradoRegion ...................................................................... 61 Waterquality ............................................................................. Aquaticecology ........................................................................... ii: Fish ................................................................................... 61 Bibliography .............................................................................. 62 PacificNorthwestRegion ..................................................................... 68 Water quality ............................................................................. 68 Aquaticecology ........................................................................... 69 Fish ................................................................................... 69 Invertebrates ........................................................................... 73 Algaeandaquaticweeds ................................................................ 74 Stream regulation ......................................................................... 74 Modeling ................................................................................
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