Downy Mildew 2018
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Determination of Downy Mildew and Powdery Mildew Resistance of Some Grape Cultivars
Determination of Downy Mildew and Powdery Mildew Resistance of Some Grape Cultivars A. Atak Department of Viticulture, Ataturk Horticulture Central Research Institute, Yalova, Turkey Submitted for publication: June 2016 Accepted for publication: October 2016 Key words: Vitis spp., disease severity, resistance, inoculation, natural infection Different grape cultivars of Vitis species have been cultivated in Turkey since ancient times. A large proportion of these cultivars cannot be cultivated in the humid regions of the country due to downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) and powdery mildew (Uncinula necator or syn. Erysiphe necator) diseases. Cultivars resistant to these diseases can generally grow without any or fewer fungicide applications. However, there are also differences in the resistance level of cultivars. In particular, Vitis vinifera cultivars, the most widely cultured species, are most affected by these diseases. Thirteen V. vinifera cultivars, eight V. labrusca cultivars and six interspecific cultivars were used in this study, for a total of 27 cultivars. The resistance of cultivars against downy mildew and powdery mildew was determined over two years with natural infection and artificial inoculation applications. Generally, all cultivars showed more resistance to downy mildew, while they also showed lower resistance to powdery mildew. The evaluation based on species found V. vinifera to be the most sensitive. While interspecific cultivars were found to be most resistant to downy mildew, V. labrusca cultivars were the most resistant to powdery mildew. Among cultivars of the same species, however, differences in terms of resistance were observed. These differences can be used in breeding studies in order to obtain new, disease-resistant cultivars, which may be grown commercially to comply with good agricultural practices (GAP) or organic viticulture in the future. -
Evidence of Resistance to the Downy Mildew Agent Plasmopara Viticola in the Georgian Vitis Vinifera Germplasm
Vitis 55, 121–128 (2016) DOI: 10.5073/vitis.2016.55.121-128 Evidence of resistance to the downy mildew agent Plasmopara viticola in the Georgian Vitis vinifera germplasm S. L. TOFFOLATTI1), G. MADDALENA1), D. SALOMONI1), D. MAGHRADZE2), P. A. BIANCO1) and O. FAILLA1) 1) Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 2) Scientific – Research Center of Agriculture, Tbilisi, Georgia Summary ability during late spring and summer usually prevent the spread of the disease (VERCESI et al. 2010). The control of Grapevine downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara downy mildew on grapevine varieties requires regular appli- viticola, is one of the most important diseases at the inter- cation of fungicides. However, the intensive use of chemicals national level. The mainly cultivated Vitis vinifera varie- becomes more and more restrictive due to human health ties are generally fully susceptible to P. viticola, but little risk and negative environmental impact (BLASI et al. 2011). information is available on the less common germplasm. Damages due to P. viticola could be reduced by using The V. vinifera germplasm of Georgia (Caucasus) is char- resistant grapevine varieties. The breeding programs are acterized by a high genetic diversity and it is different usually carried out by crossing V. vinifera with resistant from the main European cultivars. Aim of the study is species and in particular with American Vitaceae that co- finding possible sources of resistance in the Georgian evolved with the pathogen. The first generation hybrids, autochthonous varieties available in a field collection in obtained from the end of the XIXth to the beginning of the northern Italy. -
Elicitation of Grapevine Defense Responses Against Plasmopara Viticola , the Causal Agent of Downy Mildew
Elicitation of grapevine defense responses against Plasmopara viticola , the causal agent of downy mildew Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades (Dr. rer. nat.) der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fachbereiche der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Durchgeführt am Institut für Phytopathologie und Angewandte Zoologie Vorgelegt von M.Sc. Moustafa Selim aus Kairo, Ägypten Dekan: Prof. Dr. Peter Kämpfer 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Karl-Heinz Kogel 2. Gutachterin: Prof. Dr. Tina Trenczek Dedication / Widmung I. DEDICATION / WIDMUNG: Für alle, die nach Wissen streben Und ihren Horizont erweitern möchten bereit sind, alles zu geben Und das Unbekannte nicht fürchten Für alle, die bereit sind, sich zu schlagen In der Wissenschaftsschlacht keine Angst haben Wissen ist Macht **************** For all who seek knowledge And want to expand their horizon Who are ready to give everything And do not fear the unknown For all who are willing to fight In the science battle Who have no fear Because Knowledge is power I Declaration / Erklärung II. DECLARATION I hereby declare that the submitted work was made by myself. I also declare that I did not use any other auxiliary material than that indicated in this work and that work of others has been always cited. This work was not either as such or similarly submitted to any other academic authority. ERKLÄRUNG Hiermit erklare ich, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbststandig angefertigt und nur die angegebenen Quellen and Hilfsmittel verwendet habe und die Arbeit der anderen wurde immer zitiert. Die Arbeit lag in gleicher oder ahnlicher Form noch keiner anderen Prufungsbehorde vor. II Contents III. CONTENTS I. DEDICATION / WIDMUNG……………...............................................................I II. ERKLÄRUNG / DECLARATION .…………………….........................................II III. -
Extension Plant Pathology Update
Extension Plant Pathology Update April 2013 Volume 1, Number 3 Edited by Jean Williams-Woodward Plant Disease Clinic Report for March 2013 By Ansuya Jogi and Jean Williams-Woodward The following tables consist of the commercial and homeowner samples submitted to the plant disease clinics in Athens and Tifton for March 2013 (Table 1) and one year ago in April 2012 (Table 2). Sample numbers are starting to pick up, but many of the problems we’ve seen in March were due to abiotic disorders such as cultural and/or environmental stresses (i.e. cold injury, past drought stress, poor root growth, etc.). Likely, the recent colder temperatures have slowed plant growth and plant disease development. We did have a few interesting samples, including cedar rusts and bulb mites on tulip (see pages 6 and 7). Looking ahead based upon April samples from last year and current weather conditions, we could expect more fungal leaf spot diseases, fire blight, rust, powdery mildew and downy mildew diseases. Table 1: Plant disease clinic sample diagnoses made in March 2013 Sample Diagnosis Host Plant Commercial Sample Homeowner Sample Arborvitae Decline; Dieback, Abiotic disorder Azalea Cultural/Environmental Problem, Abiotic disorder Bentgrass Anthracnose (Colletotrichum cereale) Blueberry Colletotrichum sp./spp. Cultural/Environmental Problem, Unknown, General Abiotic disorder Boxwood Root Problems, Abiotic disorder Camelia Camellia Petal; Flower Blight (Ciborinia camelliae) Root Problems, Abiotic disorder Environmental Stress; Problem, Abiotic disorder Tea -
Fungal Disease Control
Prevention and Management of Grape Fungal Diseases Close to Harvest Fungal disease of Grapevines Commonalities • Overwintering Inoculum – Mummies – Canes/Spurs – Trunks/Bark – Floor • Substrate – Green tissue – Juice Progression from One to Another Powdery Mildew Wounds Leaks Bunch Rots Powdery Rot Mildew Organism Spores Spores Cultural Controls • Sanitation – Remove infected material from the vineyard – Burn it – Uneconomical in California production vineyards – Air quality issues – We need some innovations/techniques/technologies to make this possible Cultural Controls • Sanitation – Removal/burning • Hot spots? – Invest resources in worst area(s) • Small blocks? – At least some areas have reduced spore loads • Small vineyards? – That’s why they can do it in France • Different blocks/areas every year? • Most susceptible varieties? • Areas upwind? Environmental Factors • Air Flow • Light • Moisture • Humidity Manipulating Environmental Factors • Canopy Management • Irrigation Management • Fertility Management Consider treating downwind as well as infected area Powdery Mildew • Even “inconspicuous” PM infections are associated with increased severity of Botrytis at harvest • And therefore, wine spoilage organisms Dangers of Losing Control Year 1 Spring Discharge of Spring Spore Load Overwintering Spore Compared to Final Spore Treatment Final Spore Load* Load** Load Previous Year A- Stop sprays at Labor day 1,300 260 - B- Stop sprays in August 5,300 1,060 80% of A C- Stop sprays in July 28,700 5,740 108% of B, 441% of A *Chasmothecia **Assuming -
U.S. EPA, Pesticide Product Label, HEADLINE FUNGICIDE, 04/28/2006
71rA J 15(P tJ-f/Ql(S 1~CXXe:. ..r~O sr<'l>~ i ft t UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY ....~~~ WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 ~., ",t ""'~i.PRo1f.~ OFFICE OF PREVENTION, PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES Charlotte Sanson APR 2. 8 2llXl BASF Corporation 26 Davis Drive Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 Subject: Headline® Fungicide EPA Registration No. 7969-186 Your master label amendment application dated 6/17/04 and re-submissions dated 6/25/04; 9/27/04; 2/15/05; 3/8/05; 2/22/06; 4/6/06; 4/12/06; 4/13/06 Dear Ms. Sanson, We have reviewed the subject amended labeling, submitted in connection with registration under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), as amended. The amended labeling is acceptable, provided that you: 1. Make the following change to the label: * In the explanatory sentence at the start of Table 1 (page 29) and Table 2 (page 31), change "predicated" to "predicted". 2. Submit one copy of your final printed label before you release product bearing this amended labeling for shipment. If you have any questions about this letter, please contact John Bazuin at (703)305-7381 or [email protected]. Sincerely r ) . Tony Ki Acting Product Manager (22) Fungicide Branch Registration Division (7505C) Attachment: Label copy stamped "ACCEPTED with COMMENTS" a·BASF I GROUP'" FUNGICIDE The Chemical Company ACCEPtED with COHMENTS In EPA Leitei' Dated PPR z 6 Zoo;, u............. r. ?' 'h, ,..,..,...... ......11 "if .. .. = nded. tar • ....doIde rewlalereclaaderEPA .... No. '7 Cf~ q - IS ~ fungicide For use in disease control and plant health in the following crops: Barley, citrus fruit, com (all types), dried shelled peas & beans, edible podded legume vegetables, grass grown for seed, mint, peanut, pecan, rye, soybean, succulent shelled peas and beans, sugar beet, sunflower, tuberous and corm vegetables, wheat, and triticale. -
2020Grape Fungicide Spray Guide FINAL
Plant Pathology Series No. 147 February 2020 Melanie L. Lewis Ivey and Rachel Kaufman Fruit Pathology Program Department of Plant Pathology The Ohio State University-Wooster Campus Wooster, OH Revised January 2020 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................... 2 General Comments ............................................................................................................ 3 Fungicide Spray Program .................................................................................................. 5 Dormant ........................................................................................................................ 5 Bud break to Pre-bloom ................................................................................................ 6 Immediate pre-bloom to early bloom ............................................................................ 8 First and Second post-bloom ........................................................................................ 9 Third and Fourth post-bloom ........................................................................................ 10 Fifth post-bloom to Veraison ......................................................................................... 13 Post-harvest ................................................................................................................. 13 Product, FRAC, PHI and REI Table .................................................................................. -
Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Supplement to Volume 101 100th Annual Meeting 4-5 April 2008 Illinois Natural History Survey Celebrating its 150th Anniversary & University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Illinois State Academy of Science Founded 1907 Affiliated with the Illinois State Museum, Springfield 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Schedule…………………………………………………………………………………………1 Keynote Speaker Biographical Sketch and photo……………………………………………2 Sessions, Presenters & Locations Poster Presentations Botany…………………………………………………………………………………………….3 Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology………………………………………………………4 Chemistry…………………………………………………………………………………………5 Environmental Science…………………………………………………………………………...6 Health Sciences…………………………………………………………………………………...7 Microbiology……………………………………………………………………………………..8 Science, Mathematics & Technology Education…………………………………………………8 Zoology…………………………………………………………………………………………...9 Oral Presentations Botany……………………………………………………………………..12 Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology……………………………………………………..14 Chemistry………………………………………………………………………………………..14 Environmental Science………………………………………………………………………….15 Health Sciences………………………………………………………………………………….16 Science, Mathematics & Technology Education………………………………………………..16 Zoology……………………………………………………………………………………….....16 Abstracts Poster Presentations Botany…………………………………………………………………………………………...19 Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology…………………………………………………..…26 Chemistry………………………………………………………………………………………..31 Environmental Science…………………………………………………………………………..32 Health Sciences………………………………………………………………………………….40 -
Downy Mildew Controlu Hofmann.Pdf
“Optimisation of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) control in organic viticulture with low copper doses, new copper formulations and plant strengtheners, results of 20 years of on farm research” Hofmann, U.1, ECO-CONSULT, Geisenheim, Germany Key words: viticulture, downy mildew, copper formulations, Myco-Sin VIN, Potassium- Phosphonat (phosphorous acid). Abstract Since 20 years in different wine growing regions in Germany, due to weather and infection conditions several fungicide (copper formulations) and plant strengtheners (Myco-Sin VIN®, Ulmasud®, Frutogard®), different plant extracts and compost extracts applications against downy mildew are required in order to obtain satisfactory disease control. Results of the 20 years of on farm trials confirmed good efficacy of the copper based substances like copper hydroxide, partly in combination with two or three applications of Potassium Phosphonat, (Frutogard ®,) new copper-hydroxide formulation or copper oxychloride used in a low doses of copper, copper-octanuat (Cueva®) and alternative products like Myco-Sin-VIN® (sulphuric clay-limestone with high aluminium content). Introduction An organic vineyard is a complex living system where the grower actively tries to encourage the self regulation of the ecosystem and the health of this organism. In organic viticulture one of the primary goals is to grow healthy and disease tolerant or resistant plants. With the help of plant strengtheners, which are accepted by organic standards, and with the correct soil- and plant management the regulation of fungal diseases through the induction and enhancement of the plant’s own defence mechanisms, can be approached. Only as a last step chemical fungicides (copper and sulphur) are used to manage fungal problems. -
Mechanism of Powdery Mildew Infection in Grapevines
Mechanism of powdery mildew infection in grapevines FINAL REPORT to GRAPE AND WINE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Project Number: CRV 02/07N Principal Investigator: Dr Ian B. Dry Research Organisation: Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture Date: 29th June 2006 Project Title: Mechanism of powdery mildew infection in grapevines CRCV Project Number: 3.1.5 Period Report Covers: July 2002 – June 2006 Author Details: Dr Ian Dry CSIRO Plant Industry Postal address: PO Box 350, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia Phone: 08 83038632 Fax: 08 83038601 Mobile: Email: [email protected] Date report completed: June 2006 Publisher: Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture ISBN OR ISSN: Copyright: © Copyright in the content of this guide is owned by the Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture. Disclaimer: The information contained in this report is a guide only. It is not intended to be comprehensive, nor does it constitute advice. The Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture accepts no responsibility for the consequences of the use of this information. You should seek expert advice in order to determine whether application of any of the information provided in this guide would be useful in your circumstances. The Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture is a joint venture between the following core participants, working with a wide range of supporting participants. Table of Contents Abstract ……………………………………….… 2 Executive summary ……………………………………....…. 3 Copy of Matt Hayes PhD thesis Appendix 1: Communication Appendix 2: Intellectual Property Appendix 3: References Appendix 4: Staff Appendix 5: Publications Appendix 6: Budget reconciliation Abstract This study has provided new insights into the molecular and biochemical processes associated with the powdery mildew:grapevine interaction. -
Early Season Grape Disease Management, Spring 2020 Katie Gold Assistant Professor, Cornell University Cornell Agritech Geneva, NY 14456 [email protected]
Early Season Grape Disease Management, Spring 2020 Katie Gold Assistant Professor, Cornell University Cornell AgriTech Geneva, NY 14456 [email protected] What is the value of early season disease management? Early season grape disease control is critical for season long protection. Most grape pathogens prefer soft, succulent tissues and immature berries. If disease is allowed to take hold during the early season, late season control will become near to impossible at worst, and incredibly challenging (and expensive) at best. Early season disease control pays for itself. Management in the early season in New York primarily focuses on five diseases: phomopsis, black rot, downy mildew, powdery mildew, and anthracnose. Grapevine varieties differ in their susceptibility to these diseases, but generally speaking, native American varieties are least susceptible, vinifera are the most susceptible, and hybrid varieties are intermediate. This article will introduce the five main early season diseases that affect grapevine in New York, discuss cultural practices that can reduce disease inoculum in vineyards, and outline the basics of a strong early season spray program from dormancy until pea-sized fruits. A follow up article will address late season management from pea-sized fruits to harvest. As a reminder, growers on Long Island should check labels to ensure recommended products in this article are labeled for use on Long Island. What are we managing for? Phomopsis: Phomopsis is a significant problem on Concord and Niagara grapes, though hybrid and V. vinifera grapes are susceptible as well. Phomopsis can infect all succulent tissue on grapevines when conditions are favorable. Infections that occur on the developing rachis when clusters first become visible at about 3” shoot growth are most damaging and can result in severe fruit loss. -
US EPA, Pesticide Product Label, PRISTINE FUNGICIDE, 06/04/2012
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION Dr. Khalid H. Akkari BASF Corporation, Agricultural Products JUN 0 4 2012 26 Davis Drive P.O. Box 13528 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Subject: Pristine Fungicide EPA Reg. No. 7969-199 Your letter dated April 13, 2012 EPA Decision Number: 464483 Dear Dr. Akkari: The master labeling and supplemental labeling referred to above, submitted in connection with registration under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, as amended, to add a restriction for use on blueberries in California, is acceptable. Stamped copies of the master and supplemental label "Accepted" are enclosed for your records. These labels supersede all other previously accepted labels. Please submit one copy of the final printed labels before the product is released for shipment. If you have any questions please contact Heather Garvie by phone at: 703-308-0034 or via email at: [email protected] . Sincerely, Marcel Howard Acting Product Manager (20) Fungicide Branch (7504P) Registration Division BASF I Group Fungicide The Chemical Company ACCEPTED JUN 0 4 2012 Under the Federal insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, as amended, for the pesticide registered under EFA Reg No PristinFUNGICIDeE For use in disease control and plant health in the following crops: berries, bulb vegetables, carrots, celery, cotton, cucurbit vegetables, dry beans, grapes, hops, leafy greens, leafy petioles, peanuts, pistachios, pome fruits, soybeans, spinach, stone fruits, strawberries, tree nuts, and tropical fruits Active Ingredients: pyraclostrobin: (carbamic acid, [2-[[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)- 1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy]methyl]phenyl]methoxy-, methyl ester) 12.8% boscalid: 3-pyridinecarboxamide,2-chloro-N-(4'-chloro(1,1'-biphenyl)-2-yl)- ...