JTD is very grateful to everyone who reviewed for the journal.

Aleksandra Djuric-Stefanovic Ahmad Zeeshan Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Serbia; Department of Digestive Radiology (First Surgery Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA University Clinic), Center of Radiology and MR, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia Ahmed Abd ElBasset Abo-Elezz Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Department, Faculty Adel Ayed of Medicine, Tanta University, Gharbia Governorate, Tanta, Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait Egypt University, Kuwait Ahmed H. Al-Salem Adelino F. Leite-Moreira Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maternity and Children Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital, Qatif, P. O. Box 61015, Dammam, 31911, Saudi Cardiovascular R&D Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Arabia of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal Aimin Wu The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital Adriano Massimiliano Priola of WMU/ The 2nd School of Medicine, WMU, Wenzhou, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, San Luigi Gonzaga Zhejiang province, China University Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Torino, Italy Akihiko Ikeda Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tsukuba Medical Adrianus J. de Langen Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Akihiko Ikeda Netherlands Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Afroditi K. Boutou Respiratory Failure Unit, Aristotle University of Akiko Yokoi Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children’s Hospital, “G. Genimatas” Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece Kobe, Japan

Agnes Sze-yin Leung Akira Yamasaki Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Division of Medical Oncology and Molecular Respirology, Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, school of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Agnieszka Trzcinka Yonago 683-8504, Japan Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Aktas Aykut Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Ahmad Kantar Pediatric Asthma and Cough Centre, Istituti Ospedalieri Alain Bernard Bergamaschi, University and Research Hospitals, via Department of Thoracic Surgery, Bocage Central, 14 rue Forlanini 15, Ponte San Pietro-Bergamo, 24036, Bergamo, Gaffarel BP 77908, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France Italy Alberto Aiolfi Alex Fourdrain Division of General Surgery, Department of Biomedical Department of Thoracic Surgery, Amiens University Sciences for Health, University of Milan, IRCCS Hospital, Jules Verne University of Picardy, F-80054 Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy Amiens, France

Alberto M. Isla Alex Molassiotis Northwick Park and St Mark’s Hospitals, London, UK School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Alberto Rebonato Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Alexandar Tzankov Science, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Hospital, Perugia University, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, Switzerland 06132, Perugia, Italy Alexandre de Oliveira Alberto Sandri Chief of Thoracic Surgery, Police Veterans Cruz Azul Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Headley Way, Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Thoracic Surgery Department, Headington, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX3 9DU, UK Albert Einstein Israeli Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil​

Alessandra Bonotti Alexandros Briasoulis Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, of Pisa, Pisa, Italy MN 55905, USA

Alessandro Baisi Alfons Navarro Thoracic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera San Paolo, Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, University of Milan, Milan, Italy Human Anatomy Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain Alessandro Bertani Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Alfonso Fiorelli Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Thoracic Surgery Unit, Universita’ della Campania Luigi Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (ISMETT), Palermo, Italy Alfredo D. Guerron Department of Surgery, Division of Metabolic and Weight Alessandro Gonfiotti Loss Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, Thoracic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Largo NC, USA Brambilla, 1, 50134, Florence, Italy Ali I. Saeed Alessio Metere Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Critical Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Care and Sleep Medicine, University of New Mexico, "Sapienza" University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Rome, 00161, Italy Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Alex Chee Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Alicja Sieminska University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Department of Allergology and Pneumonology, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki Str 7, Gdansk 80-211, Poland Alireza Abdi Andrea Zuin Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, University of Padua, Padua, Italy Iran Amanda Piper Andreas Goetzenich Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Clinic for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Clinic RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany Sydney, Camperdown, and Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Andreas Gunter Bach Department of Radiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle- Amanjit Bal Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle, Germany Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Andreas Keller Chandigarh, India Univ Saarland, Chair Clin Bioinformat, Saarbrucken, Germany Amit Bardia Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, Andreas Kirschbaum New Haven, Connecticut, USA Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Baldingerstrasse, Marburg 35033, Germany Anand Shah Host Defence Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Andreas Leithner Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK Patrick Sadoghi, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria Anders Jeppsson Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, Andrés Felipe Cardona Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Thoracic Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute Oncology Unit, Institute of Oncology, Clínica del Country, of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Bogotá, Colombia; Foundation for Clinical and Applied Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden Cancer Research (FICMAC), Bogotá, Colombia

Andras Bikov Andrew C. Chang Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Dios University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine, arok 1/C, Budapest, H-1125, Hungary Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Andrea Cortegiani Center, Taubman Center, 2120, 1500 East Medical Center Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies, Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA Section of Anesthesia Analgesia Intensive Care and Emergency, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Andrew J.E. Seely Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Andrea Mazza Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Cardiac Surgery Institute, Catholic University–A. Gemelli Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Hospital, Rome, Italy Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Andrea Viti Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Thoracic Surery, Unit Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy Angela C. Tramontano Antonello Nicolini Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Schaffner Hospital, lens; Intensive Care Unit Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia; Internal Medicine Department, Angela De Palma via Terzi 43, Sestri Levante, Italy Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Bari, Bari, Italy Antoni Xaubet Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Angelo Carretta Barcelona Centro de Investigaciones Médicas en Red de Department of Thoracic Surgery, San Raffaele Hospital, Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Villarroel 170, Milan, Italy Barcelona 08036 , Spain

Ankit Bharat Antonino M. Grande Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Divisione Cardiochirurgia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA San Matteo - Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy Anna Caliò Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Antonio Alvarez Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Indiana, USA; Department of Pathology, University of University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Verona, Verona, Italy Group for the Study of Thoracic Neoplasms and Lung Transplantation, IMIBIC (Instituto Maimónides de Anna-Lena Volckmar Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba), University of Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany Antonio Arcadipane Anne V Gonzalez Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, ISMETT, Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Centre, ad alta specializzazione, Palermo, Italy Montreal, Quebec, Canada Antonio Francisco Honguero Martínez Annie Malkus Cirugía Torácica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Departments of Medical Physics, Radiology, and Biomedical Albacete, Albacete, Spain Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA Antonio Loforte Anthony L. Panos Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Miami S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Via Miller School of Medicine and Jackson Memorial Hospital, Massarenti n.9, Bologna 40138, Italy Miami, Fla, USA Antonio Manenti Anton Crnjac Department of Surgery, University of Modena, Policlinic Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Hospital, v.Pozzo, 41124 Modena, Italy Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia Antonio Martin-Ucar Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK Antonio Messineo Assane Ndiaye Department of Pediatric Surgery, A. Meyer Children’s Clinic of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fann University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence University Hospital Center, Dakar, Sénégal 50100, Italy Atsushi Iwai Antonio Molino Aureo Science Co., Ltd., Hokudai Business Spring, North First Division of Pneumology, High Speciality Hospital “V. 21, West 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan Monaldi” and University “Federico II” Medical School, Naples, Italy Atsushi Miyamoto Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Center, Antonio Rossi Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Division of Medical Oncology, S G Moscati Hospital, Avellino 83100, Italy Atsushi Sano Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chigasaki Municipal Apar K. Ganti Hospital, Honson 5-15-1, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-0042, Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Japan Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7680, USA Awadhesh Kumar Singh Department of Endocrinology, G.D Hospital & Diabetes Aref Rashed Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zala County Hospital, University of Pécs, Zalaegerszeg, Hungary Ayako Matsuda Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo Ari Mennander University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center Co., Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, Bahaaldin Alsoufi SDSKIR, Tampere, Finland Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ariel M. Modrykamien Georgia, USA Respiratory Care Services, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center Bahig M. Shehata at Dallas, 3600 Gaston Avenue, Suite 960, Dallas, TX Department of Pathology, Emory University School of 75246, USA Medicine and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA Arjun Chatterjee Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Bart De Geest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department NC 27157, USA of Cardiovascular Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Arjun Khanna Metro Center for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Bart Maesen Multispeciality Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands Asmita A Mehta Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi - 682 041, Kerala, India Bart Reymen Bernhard Moser Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO clinic), Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Diagnosis and Regeneration, Medical University, Vienna, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands Austria; Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University, Vienna, Austria Bartosz Hudzik 3rd Department of Cardiology, Silesian Centre for Heart Bernward Passlick Disease, SMDZ in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center– Katowice, Poland University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Beata Morawiec German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine with the Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Dentistry, Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Germany Katowice, Poland Bing Yen Wang Bedrettin Yildizeli Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart- Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan Lung Transplantation, Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris- Sud University, Le Plessis Robinson, France Biniam Kidane Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ben Dunne Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Western Australian Cardiothoracic Research and Audit Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Group, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia Bob T. Li Benedetta Bedetti Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Department of Thoracic Surgery, Malteser Hospital, Bonn, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Germany Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA Benjamin Wei Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Alabama- Bobby Yanagawa Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA Division of Cardiac Surgery, Terrence Donnelly Heart Center, St Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Benny Weksler Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Bodil M. K. Larsen Tennessee, USA Nutrition Service, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Benoit Jacques Bibas Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Division of Thoracic Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Bojan Zaric Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Berhane Worku Novi Sad, Serbia Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York- Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, New York, NY; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA Borislav A. Alexiev Carlos Camps Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Molecular Oncology Laboratory, General University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital Research Foundation, University General Hospital Hospital, 251 East Huron St, Feinberg, Chicago, IL 60611, of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, USA Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Valencia, Brendon M. Stiles Valencia, Spain Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Carmen S. V. Barbas Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA Adult ICU, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Avenida Albert Einstein, 627, 5 andar, São Paulo, SP, CEP:05652- Britt Nakstad 900, Brazil.;Respiratory ICU, University of São Paulo The Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical School, Avenida Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Oslo, 255, 6 andar, São Paulo, CEP: 05403-000, Brazi Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Carolina Vitale Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Section of Bruce Rubin Respiratory Diseases, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy The Children’s Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, 1000 East Broad Street, Carolyn Peddle-McIntyre Richmond, VA 23298, USA Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia. Bruno Neuner Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Chae-Man Lim Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Virchow Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Bulat A. Ziganshin Chaicharn Pothirat Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Allergy, University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Diseases # 2, Kazan State Medical Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand University, Kazan, Russia Chang Dong Yeo Carlo Banfi Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Geneva University Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Korea, College of Medicine, 65-1, Geumodong, Uijeongbu, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Gyeonggi 480-821, South Korea Hemodynamic Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Chang-Hoon Lee Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Carlo Contini Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University College of Medicine Seoul, Republic of Korea Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Italy Chao-Chi Ho Chiara Robba Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan Neurocritical Care Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University Hospital, 7 Chung Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Cambridge, UK Taiwan Chien-Sheng Huang Chao-Yu Liu Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan Department of Surgery, Taiwan School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Chien-Sung Tsai Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chen Chen Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Centre, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of Central South University, Changsha,China Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, National Defense Medical Centre, Taoyuan, Cheng Zhan Taiwan Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Chien-Ying Liu Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Cheng-Chuan Su Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of Clinical Pathology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, 2, Minsheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi County, Chih-Cheng Hsieh 622, Taiwan; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Buddhist Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Chiayi County, Taiwan Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Surgery, School of Che-Wei Wu Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Chih-Hao Lin Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National HospitalKaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

Chia-Hsun Lin Chin A Yi Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 135-710, Korea Chiara Lazzeri Intensive Cardiac Coronary Unit, Heart and Vessel Ching Feng Wu Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Chang Gung University, Division of Thoracic and Florence, Italy Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan Chiara Lestuzzi Cardiology, IRCCS National Cancer Institute (CRO), Aviano (PN), Italy Choon Sik Park Chuen-Chau Chang Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Health Policy Research Center, Korea; Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan Chris Hensman LapSurgery Australia, Melbourne, Australia Chunhui Han Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Christian Bode Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Chun-Ru Chien Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical Christian Dullin University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch Clare D. Ramsey Strasse 40, Goettingen, Lower Saxony 37075, Germany Section of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, RS 314, 810 Sherbrook Street, Christina R. Bellinger Winnipeg, Manitoba R3A 1R8, Canada Department of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Medical Center Blvd, Winston Salem, NC, Clement Fournier 27157, USA Service d’Endoscopie Respiratoire, CHU Lille, Lille, France Christoph Beisswenger Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Colin J. McMahon Allergology, and Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Our Lady’s Children’s Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland

Christopher A. French Conroy Wong Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Harvard Medical School, oston, Massachusetts, USA Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand Christopher R. Gilbert Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Cristina Aurigemma Penn State College of Medicine-Milton S. Hershey Medical Istituto di Cardiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA Cuore, Roma, Italy

Christophoros N. Foroulis Dae Joon Kim Aristotle University Medical School, AHEPA University Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Surgery, Thessaloniki, Greece Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea

Christos Chouaïd Service de pneumologie, CHI Créteil, 40 avenue de verdun, 94010 Créteil, France Daichi Fujimoto Daniel J. Boffa Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yale University School Center General Hospital, 2 Minatojima-minamimachi, of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, BB205, New Haven, CT Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan 06520-8062, USA

Daijiro Hori Daniel R Perez Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujigaoka Hospital, Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Showa University, Kanagawa, Japan University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany Daisuke Minami Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Respiratory Daniela Negrini Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy Damian Kawecki Second Department of Cardiology, Zabrze, Medical Daniele Pironi University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy Dan J. Raz Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope, Duarte, Danny Ramzy California, USA Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, A3105, Los Angeles, CA, USA Dania Nachira Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Catholic Darryl Hoffman University, Rome, Italy Arnot Ogden Medical Center - Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chief of Surgical Specialties, 600 Roe Ave., Elmira, N.Y., Daniel E. Banks USA Staff physician, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Orlando, Florida, USA Dave Singh Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Daniel E. Banks Medicines Evaluation Unit, University Hospital of South Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of Manchester Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, the health Sciences, and Department of Medicine, Brooke Manchester, UK Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Tex, USA David A. Dorward Daniel Franzen Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh, 51 Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital and Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland David Baldwin Nottingham University Hospitals and University of Daniel Grandmougin Nottingham, Respiratory Medicine Unit, David Evans Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Heart Centre, Nottingham City Hospital Campus, NG5 1PB, UK Transplantations, ILCV CHU-Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès- Nancy, France David Bennett Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, AOUS - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Italy David J. Maron Denise Rossato Silva Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, David L.S. Morales Porto Alegre, Brazil Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Deog Gon Cho Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, St. David M. Pariser Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic International Hyperhidrosis Society, Quakertown, PA University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea 18951, USA; Department of Dermatology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 601 Medical Tower, Norfolk, VA 23507, Deok Heon Lee USA Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of David O Wilson Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok- Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery; Department ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 700-721, Republic of Korea of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Desheng Sun Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of David Sanchez Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou province, China Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Diamantis Chloros Pulmonary Department, Aristotle University of Davide Chiumello Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione (Intensiva e Subintensiva) e Terapia del Dolore, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Diana L. Diesen Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Milan, Italy 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9092, USA

Davor Stamenovic Dimitrios N. Tziakas Department of Thoracic Surgery, St Vincentius Kliniken, University Cardiology Department, Medical School, Karlsruhe, Germany Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, GR-68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece Dawn S. Hui Center for Comprehensive Cardiovascular Care, Saint Dimos Karangelis Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece Delia Reina Department of Rheumatology, Hospital de Sant Joan Despí Dinesh Mehta Moisès Broggi, Barcelona, Spain Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Denise Duprat Neves Ambala, Haryana, India Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Dirk Van Raemdonck Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Domenico Galetta Edward Chan Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Department of Medicine and Academic Affairs, National Oncology, Milan, Italy Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Dominick E Shaw Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado USA Respiratory Research Unit, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Eero Sihvo Building, Nottingham City Hospital, Edwards Lane, Department of Surgery, Central Finland Central Hospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK Jyväskylä, Finland

Don Poldermans Efstathios D. Pagourelias Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus MC’s Third Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Donald B. Sanders Neuromuscular Section, Division of Neurology, Eleftherios Pelechas Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Durham, North Carolina, USA University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece

Donglin Li Elif Kupeli Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Pulmonary Disease Department, Baskent University School Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey Hangzhou, China Elisa Meacci Dorota Diakowska Division of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico A. Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Gemelli- Catholic University of Sacred Heart of Rome, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Sklodowskiej-Curie 66, Rome, Italy 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland Elisabeth Quoix Dusko Nezic Department of Pulmonology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, Institute, Belgrade, Serbia France

E. Mouloudi Elise Kaspi Intensive Care Unit, “Hippokratio” University Hospital, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, GMGF, Marseille, France; Thessaloniki, Greece Medical genetics and functional genomics, Faculty of Medicine la Timone, Marseille, France Eduard Quintana Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Institut Clínic Elliot Wakeam Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Barcelona Medical School, Barcelona, Spain University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Edward A. Bittner Elvis M. Irusen Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Divisions of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, 7505, Cape Town, Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA South Africa Elżbieta Radzikowska Erik Thunnissen National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Medical Center, Department of Pathology, VU University, Institute, Plocka Street 26, Warsaw, Poland Amsterdam, The Netherlands Ernest Nadal Emanuela Taioli Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Center, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York; L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain Department of Population Health Science and Policy and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Esteban Sáez-González Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New Digestive Functional Disorders Unit, Gastroenterology York, NY, USA Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain Emanuele Bertaglia Department of Cardiological, Thoracic, and Vascular Esther Nossent Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy Pulmonology, Vrije University Medical Centre (VUMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands Enrico M. Camporesi Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, University of Eugenio Pompeo South Florida, Tampa, Florida ; TeamHealth Anesthesia, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Policlinico Tor Vergata Tampa General Hospital, 1 Tampa General Hospital University, V.le Oxford, 81, Rome, Italy Circle, Suite A327, Tampa, Florida 33606, USA Eva A.M. van Eerd Enrico Ruffini Dept of Family Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Torino, Centre, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Torino, Italy Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Eric Dannaoui Eva Fieira Costa Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Service de Department of Thoracic Surgery, Coruña University Microbiologie, Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté Hospital, Coruña, Spain de Médecine, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France Evaldas Girdauskas Department of Cardiac Surgery, Central Clinic Bad Berka, Eric I. Chang Bad Berka, Germany Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Evaldo Marchi Philadelphia, PA, USA Thoracic Surgery Division, Medical College of Jundiai, Sao Paolo, Brazil Erich Stoelben Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Eveline Internullo Center Witten/Herdecke, Lung Clinic Merheim, Campus Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals of Cologne, Ostmerheimerstr. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Erik E. Folch Fabio Davoli Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery – Ausl Romagna, S. Maria Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, delle Croci Teaching Hospital, Ravenna, Italy 55 Fruit Street, Bulfinch 148, Boston, MA, 02114, USA Fanfang Yan Fizan Abdullah Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China MD, USA; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Box 63, Chicago, IL, Fausto Sessa 60611, USA Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy Florence Boissiere-Michot Pathology Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Federico Raveglia Montpellier, 208 rue des Apothicaires, 34 298, Montpellier Thoracic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera San Paolo, Cedex 5, France University of Milan, Via Di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy Florian S. Schoenhoff Federico Rea Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Padua, via Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy Francesca Colonese Federico Tacconi Medical Oncology Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Italy Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata University School of Thoracic Surgery, Rome, Italy Francesca Malentacchi Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Clinical Felix Balzer Physiopathology, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 6, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, I-50139 Florence, Italy Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow- Klinikum / Campus Charité Mitte, Augustenburger Platz 1, Francesco Cacciatore D-13353 Berlin, Germany Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II,” Naples, Italy; IRCCS Salvatore Fernanda Ferreira Cruz Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Telese, Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Benevento, Italy Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Francesco Inzirillo Department of Thoracic Surgery, Morelli Hospital, AOVV, Fernando Hernanz Sondalo, Italy Oncoplastic Breast Unit, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain Francisco Schlottmann Department of Surgery and Center for Esophageal Diseases Filip Casselman and Swallowing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, OLV Hill, 4030 Burnett Womack Building, 101 Manning Drive, Clinic, 164 Moorselbaan, Aalst, 9300 Belgium CB 7081, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7081, USA

Filippo Sanfilippo Frank-Martin Haecker Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, Oxford Heart Centre, Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s John Radcliffe Hospital-Oxford University Hospitals, Hospital, Basel, Switzerland Oxford, UK; School of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Catania, Catania, Italy Fred H. Menko George D. Bablekos Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, The Netherlands Faculty of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Educational Institute (TEI) of Athens, Agiou Spyridonos Street, Egaleo, 12243 Athens, Greece Frederic Series Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de George Makdisi Québec, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC G1V 4G5, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tampa General Canada Hospital, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Indiana Frederic Triponez University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA Department of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland George V. Guibas Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Frederic W. Grannis Jr. University Hospital of South Manchester, University of Department of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Manchester, Manchester, UK Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA Georgia Karpathiou Gabriele Piffaretti Department of Pathology, Medical School University of Vascular Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ioannina Greece, Ioannina, Greece University of Insubria School of Medicine, Varese, Italy Georgia Tunnicliffe Gabriella Agnoletti Chest clinic, St George’s Hospital, London, UK Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Citta’ della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy Georgios Koulaxouzidis Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Gareth J. Hughes Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Health Protection Agency East of England, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK Geraldine Ooi Centre for Obesity Research and Education, Central Gary E. Sander Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Tulane University Heart and Vascular Institute, New Department of General Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Orleans, Louisiana, USA Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Obesity Research and Education, Monash University, Level 6, The Alfred Centre, Gavin M. Wright 99 Commercial Road, Prahran, 3163, Australia Department of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter Géraud Galvaing MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center, 58 rue Montalembert, Gennaro D’Amato 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France Department of Respiratory Diseases, Division of Pneumology and Allergology, High Specialty Hospital “A. Gerhard Hamilton Cardarelli” Napoli, Italy, University of Naples Medical Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, School, Via Rione Sirignano, 10, 80121 Napoli, Italy Vienna, Austria Giacomo Mugnai Giulio Maurizi UZ Brussel VUB, Heart Rhythm Management Ctr, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa, 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy Gian Kayser Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Freiburg, Giulio Rossi Freiburg, Germany IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, viale Risorgimento, 80 42100, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Section of Pathologic Gianfranco Cervellin Anatomy, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emergency Department, Academic Hospital of Parma, Italy Modena, Italy

Gianluca Rigatelli Giulio Tarro Section of Adult Congenital and Adult Heart Disease, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Endoluminal Interventions, Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Rovigo General Hospital, Rovigo, Italy; Department of Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Cardiovascular Disease, Cittadella General Hospital, Padua, USA Italy Giuseppe Cardillo Gianluigi Savarese Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Forlanini, Rome, Italy Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Giuseppe Gatti Gianna Camiciottoli Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedali Riuniti, Trieste, Section of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Italy and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy Giuseppe Tarantini Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Giorgio Castellana University Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2 35128 Institute of Respiratory Disease, University of Bari “Aldo Padova, Italy Moro”, Bari, Italy Göran Eriksson Giovanni L. Carboni Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Division of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden Department of Surgery, Stadtspital, Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Gregor J. Kocher Hospital, Berne, Switzerland Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland Gisele P. Oliveira Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Grigorios Korosoglou Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-902, Brazil Heidelberg, Germany

Giulio Calcagni Grzegorz Wallner Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, II Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital and Research Institute, and Surgical Oncology of the Alimentary Tract, Medical Rome, Italy University of Lublin, Poland Guangliang Qiang Hannah Copeland Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Loma Hospital, Beijing, China Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA

Guillermo Martinez Hans Pilegaard Consultant Anaesthetist, Department of Anaesthesia and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Intensive Care, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus Guoping Cai N, Denmark Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar St, CB506B, New Haven, USA Hans-Beat Ris Division of Thoracic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Guy Pines Universitaire Vaudois, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center and The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Rehovot, Han-Shui Hsu Israel Division of Thoracic Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care György Lang Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Section 2, Linong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan Vienna, Vienna, Austria Haruhiko Sugimura Ha X. Dang Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University Division of Oncology, McDonnell Genome Institute, School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA Hasan V Kara Haifeng Wang Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Duke Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai; China Hauke Lang Haitham Dagash Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospitals of Surgery, University Hospital of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse Leicester, Leicester, UK 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany

Hajime Saito Hee Chul Yang Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University School Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, of Medicine, Akita, Japan National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea;Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National Han Chang University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, China College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan Heiko Enderling Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Hang Fai Kwok H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida 12902 Magnolia Drive, SRB 4, Tampa, FL 33612 USA; de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612 USA Heleen Vroman Hidetoshi Hayashi Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan

Helen E. Jo Hiroaki Kawano Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Hiroaki Kuroda Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Helmi Ben Saad Hospital, 1-1 Chikusa-ku Kanokoden, Nagoya, Aichi, 464- Department of Physiology and Functional Exploration, 8681, Japan Farhat HACHED University Hospital of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia; Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Hiroaki Miyoshi Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Research Laboratory N° LR14ES05: Interactions of the Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan Cardiopulmonary System, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia Hironori Ishibashi Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Henry C. Quevedo Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental Tulane University Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA Japan

Herbert D. Spapen Hironori Izutani ICU Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Universiteit Brussel, 101 Laarbeeklaan, 1090, Jette, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Brussels, Belgium Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan

Herbert Wallimann Hiroo Takayama Thoraxchirurgie Zentralschweiz, Klinik St. Anna, Lucerne, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Switzerland Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Hermann Wrigge Hiroshi Kubota Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyorin University, Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany Tokyo, Japan

Hideaki Yamakawa Hiroshi Miyata Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Department of Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Jikei University School of and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan Medicine, 163-1 Kashiwashita, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8567, Japan Hiroshi Okamoto Department of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Hidefumi Aoyama Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 1-1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan Medical and Dental Hospital, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan Hiroshige Nakamura Horiana B. Grosu Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Tottori University Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 1462, University Hospital, Tottori, Japan of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA Hiroyuki Adachi Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Howard Leong-Poi Yokohama, Japan Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Hiroyuki Daiko Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan Huanxi Shen Kunshan Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Hiroyuki Ito Control, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan Hyeon-Jong Yang SCH Biomedical Informatics Research Unit, Hiroyuki Kaneda Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical of Korea; Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Center, University Medical Center, 10-15 Fumizonocho, Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Moriguchishi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Hiroyuki Tao Division of Thoracic Surgery, NHO Yamaguchi-Ube Hyojin Kim Medical Center, Ube, Japan Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea Hisao Imai Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma Hyun Suk Yang University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Department of Cardiovascular medicine, Konkuk Gunma, Japan.; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center, Research Institute of Medical Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center, 617-1, Takahayashi- Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, nishi, Ohta, Gunma, 373-8550, Japan. South Korea

Hisashi Ito Ibrahim O. ALICI Department of Neurology, Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Education Hospital, Japan and Research Hospital, 06280, Ankara, Turkey

Hitesh Raheja Igor Kranjec Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, USA of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Hongcheng Zhu Ikenna C. Okereke Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA Ilkka Ilonen Israel Fernandez-Pineda Department of General Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children’s Research Helsinki University Hospital, Heart and Lung Center, Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, Helsinki, Finland 38105, USA

In Kyu Park Ivan Vollmer Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Passeig National University Hospital, Seoul National University Maritim 25, 08003, Barcelona, Spain College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea J Dawn Abbott Inderpal S. Sarkaria Department of Cardiology, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Medical School, Providence, RI 02903, USA Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa, USA J. David Richardson Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Kentucky Ioannis Kokkonouzis 40292, USA Bronchoscopic Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece Jacob A. Klapper Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Duke University Ioannis Loumiotis Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, 3400 Bainbridge Ave, Bronx, NY 10467 Jacopo Vannucci USA Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy Iraklis E Katsoulis Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Watford General Jae Won Lee Hospital, 60 Vicarage Road, Watford, Hertfordshire WD18 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan 0HB, UK Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea Irfan Ullah Programmatic Management of Drug resistant TB Unit, TB Jae Y. Kim Culture Laboratory, Mufti Mehmood Memorial Teaching Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, City Hospital, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan; ​Department of of Hope Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam CA 91010, USA University, Islamabad, Pakistan James D. Quirk Isaac Almendros Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Louis, MO, USA Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Institut James P. Dolan Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Spain Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Orego, USA Isao Nozaki Department of Surgery, Shikoku Cancer Center Hospital, 160 Minami-umemoto, Matsuyama, 791-0280, Japan Jan H. N. Lindeman Jean Jacques Lehot Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Service d’Anesthésie Réanimation, Groupement Hospitalier Center, Leiden, The Netherlands Est, Hôpital Louis Pradel, 28, avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69677 Bron, France Jan Martinek Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Jean-Baptiste Stern Clinical and Experimental Medicine, IKEM, Videnska Département thoracique, institut mutualiste Montsouris, 1921, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic 42, boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France

Jane Yuan Jean-Claude M. Rwigema Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University Department of Radiation Oncology, UCLA David Geffen of Nebraska Medical Center, 983135 Nebraska Medical School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3135, USA Radiation Oncology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA Janefriel Melissa McDonnell Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Jean-Marc Baste Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland Department of Thoracic Surgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France Janet Benson Toxicology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Jean-Philippe Berthet Institute, Albuquerque, USA General Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Division Janice P. Dutcher of Thoracic Surgery, Arnaud de Villeneuve University Cancer Research Foundation of New York, Chappaqua, Hospital, Montpellier, France; U1046, INSERM, NY, USA Montpellier University 1, Montpellier University 2, Montpellier, France Janos Varga Department of Pulmonology, University of Szeged, Jee Won Chang Deszk, Hungary; National Koranyi Institute for TB and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Jeju Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, 15 Aran 13-gil, Jeju 63241, Korea Javad Javanbakht Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jeffrey A. Hagen Tehran University, Tehran, Iran Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Javier García-Tirado California, USA Thoracic Surgery Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain Jelena Stojsic Department for Respiratory and Thoracic Pathology, Jayanta Das Service for Pathology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Pasterova Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tata Medical Center, 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia Kolkata, West Bengal, India Jennifer E. Cheesborough Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Jennifer Furin Jianfei Shen Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; ; Guangzhou Research Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jen-Ping Chang Guangzhou 510120, China; ; Key Cite of National Clinical Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung 510120, China; ; Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, China

Jens C. Rückert Jimmy T. Efird Dept of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Heart Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; Center for Health Jeonghyun Kang Disparities, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, University, Greenville, North Carolina; College of Nursing, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Korea Jinling Zhang Jeremy Franklin Cancer Center, LinYi People Hospital, Affiliated to Institute of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Shandong University, School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Epidemiology, University of Cologne, Medical School, Province, China Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, NRW, Germany Jitka Virag Jerry W. Simecka Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC 6N- of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie 98, USA Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA Jitsuo Usuda Jesper Pedersen Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Tokyo, Japan University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark Joaquim Gea Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital del Mar, Pg Marítim 27, Jesse Roman E-08003 Barcelona, Spain Univ Louisville, Dept Med, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Disorders Med, 550 South Jackson St,3rd Floor, Louisville, Jodie L. Simpson KY 40202 USA Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Level 2, West Wing, Lot Jesus Peteiro 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario A 2305, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Asthma Coruña, A Coruña, Spain and Respiratory Disease, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

Joerg Lindenmann Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Austria John D. Hainsworth John W. Upham Sarah Cannon Research Institute, 3322 West End Ave. Suite School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 900, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA; Tennessee Oncology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, PLLC, Nashville, TN, USA Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia John J. Parent Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Indiana University School Jolanda Kluin of Medicine - Riley Hospital, Indiana University Health, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden 705 Riley Hospital Drive, RR 127, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, University Center, Leiden, Netherlands; Department USA of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands John M. Trahanas Department of Surgery, Extracorporeal Life Support Jon O. Wee Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical School, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA General Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA Jonathan D’Cunha Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, Department John Öhrvik of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Jonathan E. Dowell Sweden Hematology/Oncology, Veterans Affairs North Texas Healthcare System, Dallas, Texas, USA John R. Bach Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jonathan Puchalski Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Behavioral Interventional Pulmonology, Division of Pulmonary, Health Building, F5759, 60 Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University, New 07103, USA; Center for Mechanical Ventilation Alternatives Haven, CT, USA and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, University Hospital, 150 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA Jonathan W. Goldman Department of Hematology and Oncology, UCLA Medical John R. Doty Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Intermountain Healthcare, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, Jonathan Williamson USA Population Health Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London, UK John W. Fehrenbacher Indiana University Health Cardiovascular Surgeons and the Jong Bum Choi Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Indiana University Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji- Ro, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, Chonbuk, 561-712, Republic of Korea Jong Shin Woo Joshua L. Hermsen Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University Washington, Seattle, Wash, USA School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea József Furák Joo Young Cho Department of Surgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Hungary 59 Yatapro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea Jr-Rung Lin Joonas H. Kauppila Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei- Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Shan Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Juergen Wolf José M. Mier Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Thoracic Surgery Department, Instituto Nacional de of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Köln Bonn, Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas” Köln, Germany (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502. Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, Mexico D.F., Mexico Jui-Ying Lee Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Jose Ribas Milanez de Campos Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of São Paulo, Taiwan São Paulo, Brazil Jules Lin José Zapatero Gaviria Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Mich, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain USA

Josef Yayan Julie Cleuziou Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Munich, Germany Center, Kirrberger Straße. D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany Jun Wang Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China Joseph I. Miller Section of General Thoracic Surgery, Emory University Junichi Shimada School of Medicine, 6th Floor, Medical Office Tower, 550 Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate Peachtree Street NE, Atlanta, GA 30308-2225, USA School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan Joseph Seitlinger Department of Thoracic Surgery, Strasbourg University Junji Ichinose Hospital, Strasbourg, France Department of Thoracic Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan Joseph W. Turek Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA Jun-Neng Roan Katalin A. Wilkinson Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Clinical Infectious Disease Research Initiative, Institute of National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Francis Crick Taiwan Institute Mill Hill Laboratory, London NW7 1AA, UK

Junya Fukuoka Katharina Rose Luise Schmitt Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, 852-8523, Japan Germany

Justyna Fert-Bober Kathy Gately The Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Cedars- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Clinical BioSystems Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, Research Institute, Advanced Health Science Building, James’s Street, Dublin (D8), Republic of Ireland 9229, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Bayview Proteomics Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Kazuma Nagata Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan Kaid Darwiche Department of Interventional Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, Kazuma Okamoto University Hospital Essen, University of Essen, Tüschener Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Keio University, Weg 40, 45239, Essen, Germany Tokyo, Japan

Kaoru Matsuura Kazumasa Orihashi Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Funabashi Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Department Municipal Medical Center, Funabashi City, Chiba, Japan of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan Karan Madan Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Sleep Disorders, All Kazuo Kasahara India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Ansari Nagar, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cellular New Delhi, India Transplantation Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Kartik Patel Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan Department of Cardio vascular and Thoracic Surgery, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Kazuo Koyanagi (Affiliated to B. J. Medical College), New Civil Hospital Division of Esophageal Surgery, Department of Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan Kartik Ramakrishna Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kazuo Nakagawa Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan Kasra Shaikhrezai Department of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Hospital for Sick Children (Yorkhill), Glasgow, UK Keerati Hongsakul Kenneth Kesler Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Indiana Univ, Dept Surg, Cardiothorac Div, Barnhill Dr Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla EM 212, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand Ketty Savino Keith B. Allen Division of Cardiology – S. Maria della Misericordia Department of Cardiothoracic/Vascular Surgery, St. Luke’s Hospital, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Mid America Heart & Vascular Institute, Kansas City, Perugia, Italy Missouri, USA Khosro Hekmat Keith S. Naunheim Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Division of Thoracic Surgery, St. Louis University, St. Cologne, Cologne, Germany Louis, Mo, USA Ki Suck Jung Kemp H. Kernstine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University and Thoracic Surgery, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Sacred Heart Hospital, 896 Pyeongchon-dong, Dongan-gu, Center, University of Texas Southwestern School of Anyang 431-070, Korea Medicine, Dallas, Texas, USA Kian Fan Chung Kenichi Suda National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, London SW3 6LY, UK Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan Kimihiro Shimizu Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Integrative Center Kenji Sakata of General Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, 3-39- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University 22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, 13-1, Takara-machi, Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan Kenji Sugio Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Kinya Furukawa Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Clinical Research Divisions of Thoracic Surgery and Respiratory Medicine, Institute, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Tokyo Medical University, Ibaraki Medical Center Hospital, Japan; Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita Ami, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan Kiran Chawla Kenji Tsuboshima Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Takasago Municipal Manipal, Karnataka, India Hospital, 33-1 Kamimachi, Arai Town, Takasago City, Hyogo, 676-8585, Japan Kishan S. Parikh Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina; Kenneth K.Y. Wong Division of Cardiology, USA, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong , Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China USA Kiyoshi Moriyama Kosuke Takahashi Department of Anesthesiology, Kyorin University School of Department of Respiratory Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Aichi Hospital, 18 Kuriyado Kake-machi, Okazaki, Aichi 444-0011, Japan Koen J. Hartemink Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute Krzysztof Bartus - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Netherlands Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland Kohei Fujita Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Krzysztof Bartus Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Kohei Yokoi Poland Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan Kuan Leong Yew Cardiology Department, Sarawak General Hospital Heart Koichi Sughimoto Center, Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Kwan-Hwa Chi Department of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, Shin Kongming Wu Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Technology, Building 303, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan Taiwan 430030, China Kyoji Hirai Konrad Pazdrak Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Chiba Hokusou Hospital, Inzai, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Chiba, Japan Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA Kyung Soo Kim Konstantin Krychtiuk Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Cardiology, St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Medical Center School Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 1090, Vienna, Austria Seocho-gu, 06591, Republic of Korea

Konstantinos A. Filis L. Caetano M. Antunes Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippokrateion Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National Laboratory for Hospital, Athens Medical School, University of Athens, Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterioses, Professor Athens, Greece Hélio Fraga Reference Center, National School of Public Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Ko-pen Wang National Institute for Science and Technology on Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Innovation on Diseases of Neglected Populations, Center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, for Technological Development in Health, Rio de Janeiro, USA Brazil Lakshmi Pulakat Lei Pan Department of Medicine, Columbia School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Harry of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, S. Truman Memorial Veterans Affairs Hospital, Columbia, Guangzhou Medical College, 151 Yanjiang Road, MO 65201, USA; Division of Cardiology, Columbia School Guangzhou 510120, China of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Leonardo Pedrazza University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Lambros Tselikas (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Interventional Radiology Unit, Medical Imaging Department, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 Leonello Fuso rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805, Villejuif, France Bronchoscopy and Pneumology Unit, Catholic University, Rome, Italy Lamia Ait-Ali Institute of Clinical Physiology, The National Research Leonhard Müllauer Council (CNR), Via Aurelia Sud, 54100, Massa-Pisa, Italy Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria Lars Henning Schmidt Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology and Li Wang Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Computational Biologist, The Broad Institute of Harvard Muenster, Germany and MIT Cambridge, MA, USA

Laura Bonanno Lieuwe D. Bos Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Intensive Care, Padova, Italy Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Laura Donahoe Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Lieven Depypere Toronto, ON, Canada Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Laura Mezquita Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Lieven Peter Depypere 94805 Villejuif, France Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Laura Socci Thoracic Surgery Units, Sheffield Teaching Hospital, Ling Li Sheffield, UK Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Laurits Frøssing Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Lizza E Hendriks Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Lei Huang Netherlands Cardiac Center of Tianjin Third-Central Hospital, Tianjin, China Ljudmila Stojanovich Luis Alejandro Pérez de Llano Internal Medicine, “Bezanijska Kosa” University Medical Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Lucus Centre, Belgrade, Serbia Augusti, Lugo, Spain

Lorenzo Rosso Luka Brcic Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036, Graz, Austria Italy Lukas Buschle Luca Ampollini German Cancer Research Center, E010 Radiology, INF Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Science, 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy Łukasz J. Krzych Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Luca Salvatore De Santo Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Cardiac Surgery Unit, Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino, Italy Lynette M. Sholl Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Lucas Donovan Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA M. Blair Marshall Division of Thoracic Surgery, Georgetown University Lucía Mendez Hospital, Washington DC, USA Department of Thoracic Surgery, Coruña University Hospital, Coruña, Spain Mace M. Schuurmans University Hospital Zurich, Pulmonology, Zurich, Lucio Cagini Switzerland Osped S Maria Misericordia, Unita Chirurg Torac, I-06156 Perugia, Italy Madhu Kumar Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical Ludwig J. Dubois University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Maher Abouda Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Netherlands El Manar, Tunisia; F.S.I. Hospital (Interior Security Forces Teaching Hospital), Rue Taher Ben Achour, Marsa, Tunisia Luigi Bonavina Division of General Surgery, Department of Biomedical Małgorzata Szołkowska Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Department of Pathology, National Tuberculosis and Lung University of Milan, Milan, Italy Diseases Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

Luigi Cavanna Malin Axelsson Oncology-Hematology Department, Piacenza Hospital, Via Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Taverna, 49, 29121 Piacenza, Italy Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden Mangala Narasimhan Marcelo F. Jimenez Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Thoracic Surgery Service, Salamanca University Hospital, Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, Salamanca, Spain USA Marcin Sadowski Manoj Meena Department of Interventional Cardiology, Świętokrzyskie Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jawahar Lal Nehru Cardiology Center, Kielce, Poland Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Marcin Zieliński Manuel Lopez Department of the Thoracic Surgery, Pulmonary Hospital, Unit of Chest Wall Deformities Children and Adults, Zakopane, Poland University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Faculty of Medicine Jacques Lisfranc, PRES Lyon 42023, Jean Monnet Marco Confalonieri University, Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Pediatric Department of Pneumology & Respiratory Intensive Care Surgery & Urology, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Unit, University Hospital of Cattinara, Trieste, Italy Faculty of Medicine Jacques Lisfranc, PRES Lyon 42023, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France; Marco Alifano Department of Physiology Clinical of Exercise, University Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Center University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Faculty of Medicine Jacques Hospital, 27 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 75014 Paris, Lisfranc, PRES Lyon 42023, Jean Monnet University, France Saint-Etienne, France Marco Chiappetta Marc Boada Department of Thoracic Surgery, Catholic University of Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Barcelona, Sacred Heart, Largo F. Vito n 1, Rome, Italy Barcelona, Spain Marco E. Allaix Marc Licker Center for Esophageal Diseases and Department of Surgery, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Intensive Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Care, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Maryland Ave, MC 5031, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

Marc Riquet Marco Ghionzoli Thoracic Surgery Department, Georges Pompidou Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Florence European Hospital, Paris, France Oncology Department, and Children’s University Hospital A. Meyer, Florence, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France Italy

Marcello Migliore Marco Lucchi Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiac Surgery & Medical Specialities, University of Catania, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Policlinico University Hospital, Catania, Italy Marco Russo Marcelo F. Benveniste Cardiac Surgery Division, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA Marco Scarci Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Papworth Hospital, Cambridgeshire, UK Marco Nardini Marjukka Myllärniemi Department of Thoracic Surgery, James Cook University Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK Central Hospital, Heart and Lung Center and the University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Marcos de Carvalho Borges Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de Mark Hennon São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Monte Alegre 14049-900 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA; Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA Marcus Lindenberger Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical and Mark J. Rumbak Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The James A. Haley Veterans Affairs Hospital and the Maren Schuhmann Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA Thoraxklinik, Heidelberg, Germany Mark Jones María Rodríguez Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Thoracic Surgery Division, Brigham and Women’s Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Mark W. Onaitis Maria Teresa Congedo Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Catholic Durham, NC, USA University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy Marko Kutleša Marie-Liesse Asselin-Labat Department of Intensive Care Medicine and ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Neuroinfectology, University of Zagreb - School of Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Medicine, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

Marie-Pierre Revel Markus Kredel Department of Radiology, hôpital Hôtel-Dieu (AP–HP), 1, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University place du Parvis-Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France Hospital of Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany Mario Lima Pediatric Surgery Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Marta Kaminska Bologna, Italy Respiratory Division & Sleep Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Mario Nosotti Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione Martin Dres IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Pulmonology, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou University of Milan, Milan, Italy European Hospital, Paris, France

Mariusz Chabowski Martin Huertgen Department of Surgery, Fourth Military Teaching Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Katholisches Klinikum 5 Weigla St., 50-981, Wroclaw, Poland Koblenz-Montabaur, Rudolf-Virchowstraße 7, 56073 Koblenz, Germany Martin Kolb Masanari Kuwabara Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Hamilton, ON, Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, and Canada Department of Cardiology, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Martin Larhammar Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Masanori Tsuchida Francisco, USA Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Martin Reichert Sciences, Niigata, Japan Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplant and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Rudolf- Masao Nakata Buchheim Strasse 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany Department of Surgery, National Shikoku Cancer Center, Ehime, Japan Martina Vrankar Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Masatsugu Hamaji Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Maryam Hassanzad Hospital, Kyoto, Japan Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masayoshi Inoue Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Marzia Cottini Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Heart and Vessels, Cardiac Surgery Unit and Heart Transplantation Centre, “S. Camillo-Forlanini” Masayuki Watanabe Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Masahiro Yamazoe Research, Tokyo, Japan Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan Masayuki Takeda Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Masaki Fujita Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan Masayuki Watanabe Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Masaki Hashimoto Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo College of Research, Tokyo, Japan Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan Masood A. Shariff Masaki Izumo Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Staten Island Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital - Northwell Health, Staten Island, New St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, York, USA Japan Massimo Bonacchi Masaki Tomita Cardiac Surgery, Medical and Surgical Critical Care Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Faculty of Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan Massimo Broggini Maxime Patout IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Oncol, Milan, Intensive Care Unit, Respiratory Department, Rouen Italy University Hospital, Rouen, France

Massimo Milione Meena Nathan Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS Foundation National Cancer Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Institute, Milan, Italy Meinoshin Okumura Massimo Zambon Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, ASST Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan Melegnano-Martesana, Presidio di Cernusco sul Naviglio, Via Uboldo 21, 20063, Cernusco sul Naviglio, MI, Italy Meletios A. Kanakis Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sismanoglio General Mathur S. Kannan Hospital of Athens, Maroussi, Athens, Greece Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA Michael A. Puskarich Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Matteo Revelli Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA Unit of Radiology, San Bartolomeo Hospital, ASL 5 “Spezzino”, Sarzana (SP), Italy Michael Christie Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Matthew G. Hartwig Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Colorectal Translational Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular and Oncology Group, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pathology, Royal Durham, North Carolina, USA Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

Matthias Hecker Michael J. Reardon University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC) Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist , Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen , Giessen, Germany DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA Maurizio Cariati Department of Diagnostic Science - Radiology and Michael Jaklitsch Interventional Radiology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo and Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Carlo Hospital, Milano, Italy Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH)/Harvard Medical School (HMS), 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA Maurizio Marvisi Departments of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Michael K. Hsin Pneumology, Istituto Figlie di S. Camillo, Cremona, Italy Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China Maxime Heyndrickx Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Michael Koldehoff Caen, Caen, France Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany Michael Milano Milton Saute Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rabin Medical Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, 647, Rochester, NY, Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva and Sackler Faculty 14642, USA of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

Michael Roth Min-Chi Lu Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michael Zervos School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Division of Thoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Taiwan Center, 530 First Avenue, Suite 9V, New York, NY, 10016, USA Minehiko Inomata First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Michał Ciurzyński Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical Toyama 930-0194, Japan University, Warsaw, Poland Mineji Hayakawa Michel Gonzalez Emergency and Critical Care Center, Hokkaido University Division of Thoracic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Hospital, N14W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland Mineo Kurokawa Miguel Gallego Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113- Sabadell, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, 8655, Japan Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Esfera UAB, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ming-Hui Hung CIBERES, Bunyola, Spain Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Millie Das Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford Taipei, Taiwan University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Mingming Zhang Palo Alto, California, USA The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, China Milos Arsenijevic Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Mingyon Mun Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Department of Thoracic Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Milos Bjelovic Department for Minimally Invasive Upper Digestive Mirko Barone Surgery, Hospital for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Serbia, Dr Koste Todorovica Street No 6, Belgrade 11000, Hospital of Chieti, via dei Vestini n.1, 66100, Chieti, Italy Serbia; University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Dr Subotica Street No 8, Belgrade 11000, Serbia Mirko Di Martino Mohamed Nassar Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Freeman Service, Roma, Italy Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7 DN, UK Mirta Koželj Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Mohamed Regal Ljubljana, Zaloška 7, 1525 Ljubljana, Slovenia Department of Surgery, Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, King Fahd University Hospital, King Faisal University, Misbah Khan Al-Khobar, Eastern Province, P.O. Box: 40233, 31952 Saudi Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Arabia Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, SKMCH & RC, 7-A Block R-3, Johar Town, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan Mohammad Vaziri Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran Misha D. Luyer University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Rasoul Akram Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Hospital, Niayesh Avenue, Sattar Khan Street, Tehran the Netherlands 1448933, Iran

Mishie Tanino Mohammed Ismail Nizami Department of Cancer Pathology, Hokkaido University Department of Emergency Medicine, Nizam’s Institute of Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-Ku, Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500082, Telangana, India Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan Mohsen Ibrahim Mitsuaki Ishida Division of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Division Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, University of Rome of Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Sapienza, Rome, Italy Science Shiga, Japan Moises Rodriguez-Gonzalez Mitsuaki Sakai Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Puerta del Mar Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tsukuba Medical Center University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8558, Japan; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mona Mlika Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan Department of Pathology, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Université de Médecine, Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia Mitsugu Omasa Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nichi-kobe Medical Monica Casiraghi Center, Kobe, Japan Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy Mitsuhiro Kamiyoshihara Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Maebashi Red Monish S. Raut Cross Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India Mitsunori Higuchi Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fukushima Red Cross Montserrat Blanco Ramos Hospital, Fukushima Medical University School of Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vigo University Clinical Medicine, Fukushima, Japan Hospital, 36204 Vigo, Spain Moonkyoo Kong Narin Sriratanaviriyakul Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, 4150 V Street, Suite Seoul, Republic of Korea 3100, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA

Moshe Hashmonai Natalia V Bogatcheva Department of Surgery, Rambam Medical Center & Faculty Division of Cardiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, PO IN, USA Box 359, Zikhron Ya’akov, Haifa 3095202, Israel Nataniel H. Lester-Coll Motoi Ugajin Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ichinomiya-Nishi School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA Hospital, Ichinomiya City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan Natasa Mujovic Motoki Yano Clinic for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Clinical Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, 480- University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia 1195, Japan Natasha Sabur Mustafa Zakkar Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. George’s Alta., Canada Hospital, London, UK Nazia Chaudhuri Nagy N. Naguib North West Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, University Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hospital of South Manchester, Wythenshawe Hospital, Johan Wolfgang Goethe - University Hospital, Theodor- Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany; Department UK of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Alexandria University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt Neil J. Greening Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Leicester Naofumi Mukaida Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Respiratory Medicine, Glenfield Hospital, University Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP UK

Naoto Fukunaga Nelson Wolosker Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe City Medical Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojimaminamimachi, Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan Nera Agabiti Naoya Himuro Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Service, Rome, Italy Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Chest Surgery, Niccolò Giaj-Levra Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Radiation Oncology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan Via Don A. Sempreboni 5, Negrar, 37024, Verona, Italy; Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy Nicholas Screaton Nobuhisa Ishiguro Department of Radiology, Papworth Hospital NHS Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate Foundation Trust, Papworth Everard Hospital, Cambridge, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan UK Nobukazu Fujimoto Nicholas T. Kouchoukos Department of Medical Oncology, Okayama Rosai Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Missouri Hospital, Okayama, Japan Baptist Medical Center, St Louis, Missouri, USA Nobuyuki Horita Nick A. Maskell Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Department of Respiratory Medicine, North Bristol NHS Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, 3-2-10, Kounandai, Kounan- Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK ku, Yokohama 234-8503, Japan

Nicola Rotolo Nora Göbel Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Robert-Bosch- Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany

Nicolas Girard Noriaki Sadanaga Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Oncology Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Fukuoka General of the Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France Hospital, 1-3-46 Tenjin, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0001, Japan Nicole P Juffermans Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Medical Noriaki Sakakura Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands Hospital, Nagoya, Japan

Nikhil Meena Norio Okamoto Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Malignancy, Osaka Prefectural University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4201W. Medical Center for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Markham Mail Slot #555, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA Osaka, Japan

Niki Karachaliou Noriyuki Hirahara Dr Rosell Oncology Institute, Quirón Dexeus University Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Shimane Hospital, Barcelona, Spain University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan Nir Peled Thoracic Cancer Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Noriyuki Matsutani Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Kaplan Street, Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Petah Tikva, 49100, Israel Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Nirmal Veeramachaneni Nousheen Iqbal Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Department of Medicine, Section of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, pulmonary and critical care, Pakistan North Carolina 27599-7065, USA Nuno Moreno Ottavio Rena Imaging and Cytometry Unit (UIC), Instituto Gulbenkian Thoracic Surgery Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal/Departamento de Fisiologia Novara, Italy e Cirurgia Cardiotorácica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Oussama Baraket CHU Habib Bougatfa, service de chirurgie générale, 7000 Nuntra Suwantarat Bizerte, Tunisie Medical Microbiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Chulabhorn Pablo Guisado Vasco International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Internal Medicine Department, Complejo Hospitalario Pathumthani, Thailand Ruber Juan Bravo, European University, Juan Bravo Street 39-49, 28006, Madrid, Spain Nuria Novoa General Thoracic Service, University Hospital of Pankaj Kumar Garg Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, University of Nuttapol Rittayamai Delhi, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Pankaj Kumar Mishra Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Lung Centre, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom O Kyu Noh Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School Paola Ciriaco of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea Department of Thoracic Surgery, Scientific Institute and University Vita-Salute H. San Raffaele, Milan, Italy Oisin O’Connell Department of Pulmonary Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Paolo Mendogni Center, Houston, Texas, USA Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Olaf Holz University of Milan, Milan, Italy Department of Clinical Airway Research, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 30625 Paolo Montuschi Hannover, Germany Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Oleg Epelbaum Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Paolo Scanagatta 100 Woods Road, Macy Pavilion, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA Division of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133Milan, Italy Olfred Hansen Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Paolo Solidoro Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Division of Pneumology, Cardiothoracic Department, Odense University Hospital, Denmark A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette, and University of Torino, Turin, Italy Parima Daroui Paul Tang Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Institute Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

Parissa Farnia Paulo Cury Rezende Mycobacteriology Research Centre, National Research Department of Atherosclerosis, Heart Institute (InCor) Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease [NRITLD], of the University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Aguiar 44, AB, Sala 114, 05403-000, Cerqueira César, São Medical Sciences, Tehran,19556, P.O, Iran Paulo, Brazil

Patricia Cornejo-Juárez Paulo Roberto Barbosa Evora Department of Infectious Disease, Instituto Nacional de Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, de São Paulo, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Av. Tlalpan, 14080 México, D.F., Mexico Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

Patrick G. P. Charles Pedro J. Marcos Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña A Heidelberg, VIC, Australia Coruña, Spain

Patrizia Presbitero Peng Luo Department of Invasive Cardiology, Istituto Clinico Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Humanitas Mirasole Spa, Milan, Italy Southern Medical University, Guangzhou ,Guangdong province, China Paul C. Tang Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Peter B. Licht University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Odense University Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA Hospital, Sdr Blvd 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark

Paul E. Marik Peter Gibson Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Univ Newcastle, Ctr Asthma & Resp Dis, Newcastle, NSW Medical School, 825 Fairfax Av, Suite 410, Norfolk, VA 2308, Australia 23507, USA Peter Lee Paul E. Van Schil Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Pulm & Crit Care Med, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp Intervent Pulmonol, Med, 1200 E Marshall St,10th Floor, University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium Richmond, VA 23219 USA

Paul Picton Petr Starostik Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA Paul Schoenhagen Department of Diagnostic Radiology and in the Robert and Petros Bakakos Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine 1st Respiratory Medicine Department, University of Athens at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland,Ohio, USA Medical School, Athens, Greece Philip W. Raake Piotr Gabryel Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University in University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Poznan, 62 Szamarzewskiego St., 60-561 Poznań, Poland Heidelberg, Germany Piroze M. Davierwala Philippe Demers Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center, University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany Montréal, Québec, Canada Po-Kuei Hsu Philippe G. Jorens Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Antwerp University Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

Piergiorgio Solli Pranab Dey Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Department of Cytology and Gynaecologic Pathology, Oncology, Milan, Italy Chandigarh, India

Pierluigi Novellis Prashant N Chhajed Thoracic Surgery Division, Humanitas Cancer Center, Institute of Pulmonology, Medical Research and Rozzano, Italy Development, A/405, Sangam, Corner of S. V. Road and Saibaba Road, Santacruz West, Navi Mumbai - 400 054, Pierre Mordant Maharashtra, India Service de chirurgie thoracique, HEGP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France Prudence A. Russell Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Pierre Tattevin University of Melbourne, Vic, Australia Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Pontchaillou University Hospital, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033 Puja Gaur Rennes Cedex 9, France Department of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass, USA Pierre-Yves Brichon Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Qiang Lu Grenoble, Grenoble, France Department of thoracic surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Xi’an, Shanxi Pietro Bertoglio Division of Thoracic Surgery Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria Qiang Wang Research Hospital and Cancer Care Centre Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Pim A. de Jong Medical School, Nanjing, China Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Qing Tian The 301 General Hospital of PLA, Fuxing Road, Beijing Pingal Desai 100853, China Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA Qingyuan Huang Rajesh Shah Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China of South Manchester, Wythenshawe, UK

Quentin Ballouhey Rakesh Garg Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Care, Limoges, France Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India R. Dale Brown Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Ralph Damiano Denver, Colorado, USA Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA Rachael Murray The Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, School Ramachandra Barik of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland Department of Cardiology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical University of Technology, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad 500082, Telangana, India

Rachel E. Sanborn Ramcés Falfán-Valencia Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico 4805 NE Glisan St., 2N35, Portland, OR 97213, USA Rami M. Abazid Rafael Martinez-Girón Department of Cardiology, Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre, Protozoal Respiratory Pathology Research Unit, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. Department of Cardiac INCLINICA Foundation, Oviedo-33207, Asturias, Spain Imaging, Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia Rafael Perelló Servicio de Infecciones, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Ran Mo Barcelona, España Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School Rafael Rosell of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China Catalan Inst Oncol, Ctra Canyet, Badalona 08916, Spain Rana O. Afifi Raffaele Giordano Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR - Regione Toscana, Massa McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas and Pisa, Italy Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA Rahul Khosla Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Veterans Randy F. Sweis Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street NW, Washington, Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/ DC 20422, USA Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Rahul Tyagi Department of Medicine, INHS Asvini, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Raphaël Giraud Ricardo Mingarini Terra Intensive Care Service, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 Rue Thoracic Surgery Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Gabrielle Perret-Gentil, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland; Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, School, Avenida Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - 2o Switzerland; Geneva Hemodynamic Research Group, Andar Sala 9, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-000, Brazil Geneva, Switzerland Richard D. Turner Rashmi Singh Department of Respiratory Medicine, Homerton University Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Hospital, London, UK Varanasi, 221005, India

Rasoul Aliannejad Richard J. Cassidy Department of Pulmonary, Shariati Hospital, Tehran Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Institute of Emory University, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Raul Cavalcante Maranhão Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), Richard T. Mahon Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary São Paulo, Brazil; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Critical Care Medicine, Naval Medical Center San University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto do Diego, San Diego, CA, USA Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 1º subsolo, São Paulo, SP, Richard van Hillegersberg 05403-000, Brazil Department of Surgery Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA, Utrecht, Raul Embun The Netherlands Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Riken Kawachi Zaragoza, Spain Department of Thoracic and Thyroid Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan René Horsleben Petersen Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Copenhagen Rishindra M. Reddy University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI Renee Dixon 48109, USA Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 Paca St., Rita Chiari 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA Department of Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital of Perugia, Perugia, Italy René-Olivier Mirimanoff Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Rita Linko Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland Intensive Care Units, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Surgery, Helsinki Ricardo Jose University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, University College London, London, UK Ritsushi Kato Rocco Trisolini Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University, Interventional Pulmonology Unit, Policlinico Sant’Orsola- International Medical Center, 1397-1 Yamane Hidaka, Malpighi, via Albertoni 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy; Thoracic Saitama 350-1298, Japan Endoscopy and Pulmonology Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy Ritu Gill Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Rodrigo Bagur Boston, Massachusetts, USA Division of Cardiology, London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Robert Anton Cesnjevar Ontario, Canada Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Roland Därr Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Robert H. Bartlett ECMO Lab, University of Michigan Medical School, Rony Atoui University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Division of Cardiac Surgery, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON, Canada Robert Hallifax Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford Rubens Chojniak Respiratory Trials Unit, Oxford, UK Director, Imaging Department, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Professor at School of Medicine, Universidade Robert S. George Nove de Julho (Uninove), São Paulo, SP, Brazil Department of Thoracic Surgery, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK Runzhe Chen Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, Roberta Ricciardi University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Hematology Neurology Unit, 2Division of Thoracic Surgery, Robotic and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Multidisciplinary Centre for Surgery, Cardiothoracic and Nanjing, China Vascular Surgery Department, University of Pisa, Italy Ruoyu Zhang Roberto Cangemi Department of Thoracic Surgery, Center for Pneumology Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, and Thoracic Surgery, Schillerhoehe Hospital, Teaching Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy hospital of the University of Tuebingen, Solitudestr. 18, Gerlingen, Germany Roberto Copetti Emergency Department, Latisana General Hospital, Russell K. McAllister Latisana (Udine), Italy Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX 76508, USA Robin L. Jones Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London SW3 6JJ, Ryo Takahashi UK Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Chiba-East Hospital, Chiba 260- 0856, Japan Ryoichi Nakanishi Sang-We Kim Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shin-Kokura Hospital, Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual of Ulsan College of Medicine, 86, Asanbyeongwon-gil, Aid Associations, Kitakyusyu, Japan Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea

Ryota Ushio Sarah Schott Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Salah A.M. Said Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cardiology, ZGT location Hengelo, Hengelo, the Netherlands Sara-Joan Pinto-Sietsma Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Sabina Antonela Antoniu Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Department of Medicine II-Nursing/Palliative Care , Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa Iasi, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Romania, Iasi, Romania University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Sadayuki Murayama Satoshi Hamada Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara- Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan cho, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan Satoshi Shiono Sai Yendamuri Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yamagata Prefectural Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Thorac Surg, Elm & Carlton Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA Satoshi Yanagisawa Salah A. Mohamed Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Therapeutics, University of Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Luebeck, Germany Japan

Samad E. J. Golzari Sébastien Bonnet Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Laval Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, Tabriz, 51664, Iran University, Quebec City, Canada; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Sameer K. Nath Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; Department of Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Smilow Cancer Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada Hospital at Yale-New Haven, 35 Park Street, Ste LL 513, New Haven, CT 06511, USA Se Hoon Choi Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Sanghoon Jheon Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam, Korea; Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Sean Walsh Shams Y-Hassan Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Huddinge and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht 6229 ET, The Netherlands and Department Shanbeh Zienolddiny of Oncology, Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Biological and Chemical Work Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Pb 8149 Dep, N-0033, Oslo, Norway Sebahat Ocak Division of Pulmonology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Shanda H. Blackmon Dinant-Godinne, Université Catholique de Louvain Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, MA-12-00- Namur, Avenue G. Thérasse, 1, B5530 Yvoir, Belgium 1, 200 First Street, Rochester, MN 55905, USA

Semir Vranic Shane Lloyd Department of Pathology, University of Sarajevo Clinical Radiation Oncology Department, University of Utah, Center, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA ; 2 Division of Cardiology, University of Utah, Sergey Leontyev University Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany Shangwen Dong Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China Sergio Buccheri Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Shankar Siva Catania, Via Citelli 1, 95100, Catania, Italy Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Seung Heon Lee Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Division of Pulmonary, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea Shaohua Cui Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Severin Schmid Shanghai, China Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Shashikant C.U. Patne Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shahed N. Badiyan Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA Shawn C. West Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Shah-Hwa Chou Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Heart and Heart-Lung Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Transplantation, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan UPMC, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA

Shahzad Raja Shekhar Ghamande Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harefield Hospital, Program Director, Pulmonary and Fellowship Program, London, UK Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA Shenhai Wei Shinji Teramoto Department of Thoracic surgery, First Hospital of Tsinghua Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hitachinaka Medical University, Beijing, China Education and Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 20-1 Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki 329-8575, Japan Shigeki Sawada Department of Thoracic Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Shinsaku Togo Hospital, Himeji, Hyogo Pref, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113- Shigeo Muro 8421, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Shinsuke Miyazaki Medicine, Kyoto University 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Cardiovascular Center, Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, Japan

Shi-Jye Chu Shintaro Yokoyama Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan Medicine, Kurume, Japan

Shin Matsuoka Shinzo Takamori Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-Ku, Kawasaki, Medicine, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume FU 830-0011, Japan Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan Shiro Nakahara Shinichiro Miyoshi Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Okayama Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan Shizhao Cheng Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Shinji Abe Tianjin, China Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital, 2-34-10 Ebisu Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150- Shotaro Okachi 0013, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Shinji Mine Nagoya 466-8560, Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Shouguo Yang 135-8550, Japan; Department of Esophageal and Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan university, the Shanghai Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University School Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan Shuichi Shinohara Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shinji Sasada University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Department of Endoscopy, Respiratory Endoscopy Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104- 0045, Japan Shuichiro Kaji Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan Shyama Jain Siva Raja Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, New Delhi, India Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

Si Pham Sixto Arias Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Section of Interventional Pulmonology, Division of Florida, USA Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Sibu P. Saha Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Sławomir Jabłoński University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Department of Thoracic Surgery, General and Oncological Kentucky, USA Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 113 Żeromskiego St,, 90-547, Łódź, Poland Silvia Bielsa Pleural Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Snigdha Jain Arnau de Villanova University Hospital, Institute for Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Biomedical Research Dr Pifarre Foundation, IRBLLEIDA, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain So Young Park Silvia Mariani Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, Glenfield Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Hospital, Leicester, UK Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Silvia Placidi Cardiac Arrhythmia Complex Unit and Syncope Unit, Soji Ozawa Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital and Research Institute, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai Rome, Italy University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan Simon C. Body Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Solomon A. Graf Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Veterans Affairs Simon P. Hart Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA Hull York Medical School, Academic Respiratory Medicine, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, East Sook Whan Sung Yorkshire HU16 5JQ, UK Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic Simone Scarlata University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea Geriatrics, Unit of Respiratory Pathophysiology, Campus Bio Medico University, Rome, Italy Soon-Ho Chon Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sisko Anttila S-Jungang Hospital, Jeju, South Korea Department of Pathology, HUSLAB and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland Sophia E. Schiza Stefano Palmucci Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Unit, University University General Hospital, Medical School of the Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, Via Santa Sofia University of Crete, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece 78, 95123, Catania, Italy

Soumitesh Chakravorty Stefano Romagnoli Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Department of Health Science, Section of Anesthesiology Newark, New Jersey, USA and Intensive Care, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Sourya Acharya Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla, Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical Florence, Italy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha - 442 004, Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai Maharashtra, India Department of Medical Research, Tung’s Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Department Stamatis Katsenos of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Department of Pneumonology, Army General Hospital of Taiwan Athens, Athens, Greece Stephen M. Vindigni Stavros Dimopoulos Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, 1st Critical Care Medicine Department, Cardiopulmonary School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 Exercise Testing and Rehabilitation Laboratory, “Evgenidio Northeast Pacific Street, Box 356424, Seattle, WA 98195- Hospital,” National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 20, 6424, USA Papadiamantopoulou St, Athens 11528, Greece Steven Leong Stefan Rieken Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Hospital, Rode Rd, Chermside, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Australia Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology, Germany Steven Taylor Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Stefan Schulz-Drost Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital 10032, USA Erlangen, Germany Suguru Ohira Stefania Gori Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Medical Oncology, Ospedale Sacro Cuore don Calabria, Kamigyo Ku, 465 Kajii Cho, Kyoto 6028566, Japan Negrar, Verona, Italy Sukki Cho Stefano M.M. Basso Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul Department of Surgery, S. Maria degli Angeli Hospital, National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, 33170 Pordenone, Italy South Korea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea Suleiman Massarweh Sven Peterss Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Medicine; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany

Sumeet K. Mittal Syed S. Razi Norton Thoracic Institute, Dignity Health, Creighton Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, New York, New York, Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of USA Medicine, Creighton Univesity Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA Sylvie Delanian Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Clinique de Sun Shim Choi la Porte de Saint Cloud, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Department of Radiation Oncology, Hôpital Saint Louis, Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, APHP, Paris, France Chuncheon 24341, South Korea Sze Li Siow Sunghoon Kim Department of Surgery, Sarawak General Hospital, Jalan Division of Pediatric Surgery, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, 93586 Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia Hospitals, Oakland and San Francisco, CA, USA Tadashi Kitamura Susana Garcia-Gutierrez Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan (Osakidetza)-Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC) , Galdakao , Bizkaia , Tae-Eun Jung Spain Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea Susana Pinto Instituto de Medicina Molecular and Instituto de Fisiologia, Tae-Hyung Kim Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Susetta Finotto Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, 153 Gyeongchun-ro, Guri 11923, Korea Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich- Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Takahiro Mimae Hartmannstraβe 14, Erlangen 91052, Germany Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Su-Ying Low Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd, Singapore Takahiro Nakajima 169608, Singapore Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan Sven Diederichs University Clinic Freiburg, Department of Thoracic Takashi Nakayama Surgery, Division of Cancer Research, Germany Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan Takashi Ohtsuka Tamás Forster Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, 2nd Department of Medicine and Cardiology Center, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Takayuki Fukui Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Tamer Altinok Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Atatürk Center For Chest Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan Disease and Thoracic Surgery, Ankara, Turkey

Takayuki Shiroyama Department of Thoracic Malignancy, Osaka Prefectural Tanel Laisaar Medical Center for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tartu University Clinics, Osaka, Japan Tartu, Estonia

Takenori Ogawa Tanyong Pipanmekaporn Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan Tarun Jha Takeo Fujita Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277- Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India 0882, Japan Tarun K. Mittal Takeshi Iwaya Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Department of Surgery, Iwate medical University School of Cardiol & Imaging, London UB9 6JH, England Medicine, Morioka, Japan Tatsuo Nakagawa Takeshi Kubo Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tenri Hospital, 200, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Mishima, Tenri, Nara, 632-8552, Japan Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Tatsuro Okamoto Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Takeshi Matsumoto Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Tatsuro Okamoto Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Takeyoshi Ota Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiac and Thoracic Tatsuya Nakama Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill, USA Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Cardiovascular Center, Funato 738-1, Shinbeppu-tyo, Miyazaki, Japan Takushi Yasuda Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki Tatsuya Yoshida University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan Tawee Tanvetyanon Thomas Tsitsias Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy’s Hospital, London, Center, Tampa, Florida, USA UK

Te-Chun Shen Thorsten Kessler Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical München, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636 München, Germany; University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Technische Universität Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. München, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636 München, Germany

Terry W. Moody Tianyu Zhang Department of Health and Human Services, National Tuberculosis Research Center, The Johns Hopkins Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Office of the University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Director, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Tijana Stankovic Teruya Komatsu Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Nagara Medical Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, Bulevar Center, Gifu, Gifu, Japan Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia

Teruya Komatsu Tilak Pasala Division of Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department Structural and Congenital Heart Center, Hackensack of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centre, 7S- University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA 012 1278 Tower Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 2Y9, Canada Till Plönes Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical TG Ranganath Center Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106 Freiburg im Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Breisgau, Germany Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India Tim Szczykutowicz Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, and Biomedical Thi Dan Linh Nguyen-Kim Engineering, School of Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, USA University Hospital Zurich/University Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland Tom J. Pollard Laboratory for Computational Physiology, MIT Institute Thomas Frauenfelder for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, USA Switzerland Tom Wiggins Thomas Müller Department of Surgery and Cancer, St Mary’s Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Imperial College London, London, UK Centre, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany Tomasz Grodzki Torben Glatz Pomeranian Medical University, Thoracic Surgery Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Department of the Regional Hospital for Lung Diseases, Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine Sokołowskiego str 11, PL 70-891 Szczecin Zdunowo, - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, D-79106, Poland Freiburg, Germany

Tommaso Claudio Mineo Torben K. Becker Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Div Thorac Surg, Viale Oxford The Department of Emergency Medicine, University of 81, I-00133 Rome, Italy Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Tommaso Mauri Torben Riis Rasmussen Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Toru Nakano Italy Division of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Tomohiro Haruki Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Tottori, Japan Toshinari Ema Department of Thoracic Surgery, Itabashi Central Medical Tomohisa Okuma Center, 2-12-7 Azusawa, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 174-0051, Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan Toshiya Nishibe Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical Tomoki Nakamura University, Tokyo, Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu-city, Mie, Japan Tsai-Wang Huang Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri- Tomoyuki Hishida Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Natl Canc Ctr Hosp East, Dept Thorac Surg, 6-5-1 Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778577, Japan Tunc Lacin Tony Whitehouse Department of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Ugo Cioffi Birmingham B15 2GW, UK; College of Medical and Department of Surgery, University of Milan, Milan, Italy Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Uliano Morandi Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy Ulla Møller Weinreich Vassilis Georgoulias Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Aalborg University Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark Respiratory and critical care University of Crete, Crete, Greece group (RCARE), Centre for Model Based Medical Decision Support Systems, Department of Health Science and Vera Capelozzi Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark The Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Clinical Institute, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Paulo 01246903, Brazil Denmark Viboon Boonsarngsuk Ulrik Sartipy Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Stockholm, Sweden Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Usman Ahmad Victoria Villena Garrido Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Servicio de Neumología, Fundación Investigación, Hospital Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, Universitario 12 de Octubre, CIBERES, Madrid, España Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, J4-1, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA Vincent Thomas de Montpréville Department of Pathology, Centre Chirurgical Marie Valdes Bollela Lannelongue, 133 avenue de la Résistance, Le Plessis Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Robinson, 92350 Paris, France Juiz de Fora, Avenida Eugênio Nascimento s/n, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 3603-833, Brazil Vincenzo Ambrogi Thoracic Surgery, Tor Vegata University, Via Orazio Valeria Ascoli Raimondo, Roma, Italy Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo- Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Virginia R. Litle Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy Division of Thoracic Surgery, Boston University, Boston, Mass, USA Valerio Perna Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vito D. Bruno Son Espases Carretera de Valldemossa, Palma, Spain Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol, UK Valliappan Muthu Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute Vittorio Donato of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160 012, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Camillo-Forlanini India Hospital, Rome, Italy

Vasile Foris Vivian Cox Dept of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Vasileios K. Kouritas Department of Thoracic Surgery, St James’s University Walter Klepetko Hospital, Leeds, UK Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Wan Zhang Wolfgang Jungraithmayr Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Huadong Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai Zurich 8091, Switzerland 200040, China Wolfgang Schuette Wanis Ibrahim Department of Internal Medicine II, Hospital Martha- Pulmonary Section, Hamad General Hospital and Weill- Maria, Halle-Dölau, Halle, Germany Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar Woong-Han Kim Wassim Fares Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul Pulmonary Vascular Disease Program, Yale University National University Children’s Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LCI 105-C, New Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea Haven, CT 06510, USA Wu Ching-Yang Weihong He Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan Virginia Commonwealth University, Floyd Ave, Richmond, VA, USA Wu-Wei Lai Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Weijie Guan National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Xiangbin Pan China Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Wen-Hsien Lu Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General College, Beijing, China Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Xiangshan Fan Wensen Chen Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Vice director of Infection Management Office, the First Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Xian-wei Ye Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People’s William F. Carson Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Xiao Li Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Wojciech Dudek of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany Xiaohan Yang Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen Wojtek Karolak Heart Institute, Guangdong, China Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Silesian Center for Heart Disease, Zabrze, Poland Xiaoqiang Li Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China Xiaoyan Wang Yasunori Enomoto Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University, Shanghai, China Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan; Department of Regenerative and Infectious Xicheng Deng Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hunan Children’s Shizuoka, Japan Hospital, Changsha, China Yasutaka Watanabe Xin Sun Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Saitama Prefectural The First Affiliation Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, 1696 Itai, Xi’an, China Kumagaya City, Saitama, 360-0105, Japan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Clinical Department of Internal Xi-ping Liu Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Saitama Medical Wisconsin Medical College, Milwaukee, WI, USA Center, 1-847, Amanuma-cho, Omiya City, Saitama, 330- 8503, Japan; Department of Clinical Oncology, Tokyo Xue-Feng Leng Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Affiliated hospital of Chengdu University, Sichuan, China Tatemachi, Hachioji City, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan

Xufeng Guo Ye Cui Department of Thoracic Surgery, Section of Esophageal Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cancer, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, University, Shanghai, 200030, China USA

Yanglu Zhao Yeonyee E. Yoon Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Department Irvine, California, USA of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea Yasuhiro Matsuda Department of Surgery, Kishiwada Tokushukai Hospital, Yin-Kai Chao 4-27-1 Kamori-chou, Kishiwada City, Osaka 596-8522, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Japan Hospital-Linko, Chang Gung University, No 5. Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan, Taiwan Yasuhiro Shirakawa Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama Yipeng Ge University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan Beijing, China

Yasunobu Hayabuchi Yi-Pin Chou Department of Pediatrics, Tokushima University, Division of Trauma, Department of Emergency, Veterans Kuramoto-cho-3, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan General Hospital-Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan Yo Kawaguchi Young Sik Park Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Kohka Public Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital, Shiga, Japan Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Yogesh Kumar Vashist Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Young-Du Kim Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University Yong Chan Ahn of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Republic of Korea Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Youngkyu Moon Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul Yong Qiang St. Mary’s Hospital, College of medicine, The Catholic Nanjing General Hospital, Nanjing, China University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Yong Zhang Young-Nam Youn Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China and Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Yoshikane Yamauchi Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio Yousef Rezaei University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular 8582, Japan Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yoshimasa Maniwa Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate Yousser Mohammad School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan National Center for Research on Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University, Tishreen Hospital, Lattakia, Yoshio Misawa Syria; Department of Internal Medicine, Syrian Private Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Damascus, Syria University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329- 0498, Japan Yu Koyama Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata Yoshiro Nakahara University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University Sciences, Niigata, Japan School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan Yu Kyung Cho Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University Yoshito Inoue of Korea, The College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hiratsuka City Hospital, Hiratsuka, Japan Yuan Bai Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical Yoshito Yamada University, Shanghai, China Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan Yu-Chung Wu Yusuke Taniyama Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Yuichi Sakairi Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Yutakafu Fujiwara Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Yuji Hirai Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Women’s Zhantao Deng Medical University; Department of General Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Toyko, Japan Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China Yujin Kudo Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical Zhengcheng Liu University, Tokyo, Japan Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University School of Medicine, Yuki Nakayama Guangzhou Road No215, Nanjing, China Tokyo Metropolitan Inst Med Sci, Lab Nursing Res Intractable Dis, Setagaya Ku, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Tokyo Zhengfei Zhu 1568506, Japan Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Yukihiro Yoshida Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Tokyo Zhi-De Hu Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Tokyo 113-8655, Japan Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China Yukinori Yamagata Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University Zhiheng Xu of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50 Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Intensive Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama, Japan Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Yuko Ono Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Fukushima Zhi-Rui Zhou Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Department of Anesthesiology, Ohta General Hospital Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Foundation, Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital, Koriyama, Japan Zhongheng Zhang Yun Su Sim Department of emergency medicine, Sir Run-Run Shaw Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Hangzhou, China Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Daerim 1-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 150-950, Korea Ziwei Li Vice President, Shanghai Biotecan Health Management Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China Ziyad M. Binsalamah Lei Huang Department of Surgery, Division of Congenital Heart Cardiac center of Tianjin Third-Central Hospital, Tianjin, Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 6621 Fannin St, China MC19345H, Houston, TX 77030, USA Xiao Li Zsuzsanna Lelovics Department of Urologic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Institute of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology, Hospital of Jiangsu Province of Nanjing Medical University, Health Center, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary Nanjing, China

Runzhe Chen Xin Sun Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The Affiliation Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, China TX, USA; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China Zhiqiang Wang Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Shaohua Cui Chengdu, China Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Jie Yao The Second Affiliation Hospital of Zhejiang University Shangwen Dong School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Department of Cardiothoracic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China