Arduino at Work: the Hylozoic Soil control system Philip Beesley and Robert Gorbet
Beesley, Philip, and Robert Gorbet. “Arduino at Work: the Hylozoic Soil control system.” Mobile Nation: Creating Methodologies for Mobile Platforms. Eds. Philip Beesley, Martha Ladly and Ron Wakkary. Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2008. 235-240, 245-258. Print. MOBILE NATION M obile N ation
With contributions by: MOBILE NATION explores the emerging field of mobile experience design. The papers in this anthology include essays on design theories and Matt Adams Michael Longford methods for locative technologies, devices, experiences, and games, featuring Julie Andreyev Douglas MacLeod international scholars, researchers and industry experts. Philip Beesley Krystina Madej Discussions are wide-ranging, addressing technological issues, such as GPS, Joanna Berzowska David McIntosh WiFi, Bluetooth, Radio Frequency ID tagging, intelligent materials and Jim Budd Shawn Micallef garments, alongside theoretical and cultural issues including mobile-social Barbara Crow Laura Mulligan interaction, participant observation, iterative and participatory design methods, Steve Daniels Tek-Jin Nam ambient media applications, and geo-locative experiences. Marc Davis Leena Saarinen Janice de Jong Kim Sawchuk Designers, engineers, and creators write about the potential for mobile Sara Diamond Thecla Schiphorst platforms in cultural industries, architecture, engineering, industrial design, Tom Donaldson Parmesh Shahani advertising, entertainment, recreation, and education. Judith Doyle Leslie Sharpe Anne Galloway Geoffrey Shea Canadian Design Research Network . Ontario College of Art & Design Paula Gardner Rob Shields Judy Gladstone Suzanne Stein Robert Gorbet Jenna Stephens-Wells Nathon Gunn Maria Stukoff Drew Hemment Nigel Thrift James E. Katz David Vogt Bees l Lad l Ehren Katzur Nina Wakeford Filiz Klassen Ron Wakkary Martha Ladly Robert Woodbury y
Angus Leech Eric Zimmerman ey Maroussia Lévesque Jan-Christoph Zoels Jason Lewis
Edited by Martha Ladly Philip Beesley
www.mobilelab.ca/mobilenation Riverside Architectural Press Riverside Architectural Press MOBILE NATION MOBILE
Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Mobile Nation: Creating Methodologies for Mobile Platforms Edited by Martha Ladly and Philip Beesley
This anthology is based on the Mobile Nation conference (2007) but is distinct from the conference proceedings published under the same title. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-9780978-4-4
1. Design and technology. 2. Wireless communication systems. 3. Mobile communication systems. 4. Design, Industrial.
I. Ladly, Martha, 1955- II. Beesley, Philip, 1956-
TS171.M63 2008 621.382 C2008-901298-4
Copyright © 2008 Riverside Architectural Press All rights reserved by the individual paper authors who are solely responsible for their content. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems without prior permission of the copyright owner. An electronic copy of these papers in PDF format will be stored in the CDRN database.
Networks of Centres of Excellence Reseaux de centres d’excellence
Social Sciences and Humanities Conseil de recherches en Canadian Patrimoine Research Council of Canada sciences humaines du Canada Heritage canadien
i Edited by Martha Ladly Philip Beesley
Riverside Architectural Press
ii MOBILE NATION MOBILE Contents
1 Introduction 1 Mobile Nation creating methodologies for mobile platforms Sa r a Di a m o n d a n d Ma r t h a La dl y
6 Mobile Nation key themes and key thinkers Ma r t h a La dl y
7 Participatory Culture, Design, and Ethnography 9 Mobile Culture and Perceptions of Future Mobile Applications cultural values and usage patterns Ja m e s E. Ka t z
15 Towards Issues-Based Art and Design Research An n e Ga ll o w a y
19 Morality, New Technology, and Engagement Su z a n n e St e i n
25 Play as Research the iterative design process E r i c Zi m m e r m a n
37 Shaking Hands with the User principles, protocols, and practices for user-integrated testing in mobile design Ba r b a r a Cr o w a n d Kim Sa w c h u k
43 Informing Design Through Ethnography and Informances Ro n Wa kk a r y
47 Mobile Phone Imaging as Gesture and Momento Ro b Sh i e lds
53 Being There uncanny medium, methodological multiplicity and proliferative embodied creativity in The Haunting D a v i d McIn t o s h
61 The Haunting voices from beyond in mobile experience design Mi c h a e l Lo n g f o r d
v 63 Tracklines mobile media and the problem of knowing the world An g u s Le e c h
65 Everything is All Going On at the Same Time Ni n a Wa k e f o r d
6 7 Creating for the Multi-platform Context 69 Halos making more room in the world for new political forms Ni g e l Th r i f t
101 Mobile Public Art and the Urban Screen Ma r i a St u k o f f
107 Four Wheel Drift Ju l i e An d r e y e v
111 Storytelling Goes Mobile Sh a w n Mi c a ll e f
113 Shorts In Motion Ju d y Gl a ds t o n e
117 Mobile Text Messages as Part of an Interactive Television Drama Le e n a Sa a r i n e n
119 Mobility and the Identity Continuum Na t h o n Gu n n
123 Pervasive and Social Computing 125 Context, Content, and Community inventing the future of mobile media Ma r c Da v i s
133 Mobile India glimpses and opportunities Pa r m e s h Sh a h a n i
141 ( Im)Mobile Nation the iterative design process Ma r o u ss i a Lé v e s q u e a n d Ja s o n Le w i s
MOBILE NATION vi 147 Research and Design for Mobile Platforms a walk in the park Ma r t h a La dl y
157 Adventures In Mobile Culture Media Da v i d Vo g t
159 Day of the Figurines a pervasive game for s m s Ma t t Ad a m s
161 Electronic Textiles and Reactive Garments Jo a n n a Be r z o w sk a
165 (softn) survival strategies for interaction Th e c l a Sc h i p h o r s t
169 Malleable Matter adaptable and responsive space Fi l i z Kl a ss e n
1 7 5 Mobile Communication and Education 177 Gaming Literacy game design as a model for literacy in the twenty-first century Er i c Zi m m e r m a n
185 Mobile Sphere-ing methods for making virtual spaces public Pa u l a Ga r d n e r
195 Inside-out Experience Design Ge o f f r e y Sh e a
199 Warmware mnemonic art and design research Ju d i t h Do y l e
207 Deep Places mobile 2.0 and spatial experiences Ja n -Ch r i s t o p h Zo e ls
211 Roots Not Wires or, why mobile nations are local Dr e w He m m e n t
vii 213 Engineering Meets Humanities and Social Science
215 The Mobilization of Art Practice body metaphors and the desktop world view St e v e Da n i e ls
219 Hauntings Across the Atlantic The Marconi Trilogy Le sl i e Sh a r p e
223 Pagecraft a tangible interactive storytelling platform to meet the needs of kids on the go Jim Bu dd , Kr y s t i n a Ma d e j , Je n n a St e p h e n s -We lls , Ja n i c e d e Jo n g , Eh r e n Ka t z u r , a n d La u r a Mu ll i g a n
229 Interactive, Tangible, and Augmented Prototyping with MIDAS Te k -Jin Na m
235 Arduino at Work the hylozoic soil control system Ro b e r t Go r b e t a n d Philip Be e sl e y
241 Technology and Mobile Platforms To m Do n a lds o n
243 Biographies, Credits, Index 245 Biographies
253 Image Credits
257 Conference and Publication Credits
259 Index
MOBILE NATION viii Arduino at Work the Hylozoic Soil control sytem
Robert Gorbet and Philip Beesley University of Waterloo
Arduino is an open-source physical computing platform that was created to make tools for software-controlled interactivity accessible to non-spe- cialists. The Arduino microcontroller board can read sensors, make sim- ple decisions, and control devices. This palm-sized computing platform is the product of an open-source community project that began with a small group of hardware developers giving workshops and that now numbers many tens of thousands of international users that co-operate in develop- ing specialized applications. Hylozoic Soil, an interactive environment exhibited in 2007 at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, is an example of Arduino at work. The dis- tributed nature of Hylozoic Soil and the group behaviour which emerges is strongly related to the open-source Arduino project. Occupants move within the Hylozoic Soil structure as they would through a dense thicket within a forest. Microprocessor-controlled sensors embedded within the environ- ment signal the presence of occupants, and motion ripples through the system in response. Dozens of microprocessors, each controlling a series of sensors and actuators, create emergent reactions akin to the composite 1 Two views of Hylozoic Soil, motion of a crowd. Visitors move freely amidst hundreds of kinetic devices installed at the Montreal within this environment, tracked by many dozens of sensors organized in Museum of Fine Art, 2007 ‘neighbourhoods’ that exchange signals in chains of reflexive responses. The installation is designed as a flexible, accretive kit of interlinking parts organized by basic geometries and connection systems. Variations are cre- ated by numerous individuals assembling the work. The result is a turbulent chorus of motion. The first developers of Arduino—Massimo Banzi, David Cuartielles, Tom Igoe, Gianluca Martino, David Mellis, and Nicholas Zambetti—ran workshops that demonstrated assembly of the devices and gave copies of the board away to stimulate development. A community of developers and users now provides co-operative support, and the programming environment and documentation is written with the neophyte in mind. The Arduino com- facing page 2 Close-up view of the Printed munity has to date created myriad documents describing how to extend and Circuit Boards used in interface Arduino with different systems, including Hylozoic Soil. The Bare-Bones Arduino board is mounted to a • MaxStream’s inexpensive and compact XBee RF wireless custom ‘daughter’ board. transceivers
235 Engineering meets Humanities and Social Science
• Bluetooth-enabled mobile phones, with the Arduino BT extended board • LCD displays • Cycling 74’s Max/MSP/Jitter graphical scripting environment The following description focuses on the control system that was devel- oped for active functions within the Hylozoic Soil project. The micro-control- ler used in our Arduino platform is an Atmel ATmega168, a tiny computer-on-a-chip that contains specialized hardware to process digital signals, read analog inputs, and communicate over a serial connection. User-designed software is created in a high-level language and programmed into the microcontroller by connecting the Arduino board to a computer’s USB port. The version of the Arduino hardware used for Hylozoic Soil is the Bare-Bones Board, Revision C, developed by Paul Badger (www.mod- erndevice.com). This inexpensive implementation of the platform has a small forty by sixty millimeter footprint, and is provided fully assembled or in kit form. It includes power regulation, timing, and external components for digital inputs and outputs that can control a range of interactive devices. A custom ‘daughter board’ (or ‘shield’) was developed to provide three key additional elements to extend the function of the main board: a high-cur- rent output stage, configuration switches, and a communication interface. Twelve high-current output channels permit digital control of devices at currents of up to one amp per circuit at voltages up to fifty volts. Twelve switches are read by the software during initialization of the boards and can be used for functions such as configuring individual board addresses and specifying software modes to control individual board behavior. The com- munication interface converts serial communication signals from the Arduino and supports distribution at high speed to a network of boards using the RS485 standard. The daughter board also provides a sixty-pin rib- bon cable interface for connecting actuators and sensing devices, and a two- channel power connector to distribute high currents to actuators as well as a lower current ‘electronics’ supply. TheHylozoic Soil sculpture includes three kinds of actuator elements: 3 ‘Kissing’ pore in detail ‘breathing’ and ‘kissing’ pore mechanisms actuated by shape-memory alloy installation view showing ‘muscle’ wires; ‘whisker’ elements driven by small direct-current motors; and actuators driven by muscle wire miniature LED lights. The structural core ofHylozoic Soil is a flexible mesh- work assembled from small acrylic chevron-shaped tiles that clip together in tetrahedral forms. These units are arrayed into a resilient, self-bracing diago- nally organized space-truss. Curving and expanding this trusswork creates a flexible grid-shell topology. Columnar elements extend out from this mem- brane, reaching upward and downward to create tapering suspension and mounting points. Fitted into this flexible structure are hundreds of small mechanisms that function in ways akin to pores and hair follicles in the skin facing page 4 An upward view of the of an organism. Hylozoic Soil canopy ‘Breathing’ pores are composed of thin sheets shaped into outward- mesh showing a partial network of interconnected branching serrated membranes, each containing flexible acrylic tongue stif- microprocessors feners fitted with monofilament tendons. The tendons pull along the surface
237 Engineering meets Humanities and Social Science
of each tongue, producing upward curling motions that sweep through the surrounding air. ‘Kissing’ pores are a cousin of this mechanism. These use a similar mechanical structure fitted with a fleshy latex membrane and offer cupping, pulling motions. A ‘swallowing’ pore occurs in a triangular layout that creates a dense series of openings running throughout the meshwork. These openings contain pivoting arms in triangular arrays that push out radially against the surrounding mesh, producing expanding and contract- ing movements. LED lights are fitted within the lower surfaces of these ele- ments, configured to pulse in synchronization with swallowing motions. ‘Whisker’ wound-wire pendants are arranged in dense colonies within this environment, supported by acrylic outriggers with rotating bearings and driven by small DC motors. Tensile mounts for the whiskers encourage cas- cades of rippling, spinning motion that amplify swelling waves of motion within the mesh structure. Each device is designed to operate at five volts and is interchangeable in the control harness, allowing flexibility in the spatial distribution throughout the meshwork. Under software control, the output drive channels switch current from the high-current five-volt supply to each of the individual actuator elements using a transistor switch. The SMA- actuated pores are driven by ten-inch lengths of 300-micron-diameter Flexinol wire (www.dynalloy.com) that contract when an electrical current 5 3-D model of the runs through them. Mechanical leverage amplifies the half-inch contraction ‘breathing’ pores that occurs in each wire and translates this into a curling motion. Whisker elements are composed of flexible wound wire strings extending from the shaft of a small three-pole motor. Yellow LED lights are combined with 150- ohm current-limiting resistors to form a visual actuator configured for the five-volt power supply. 1 The Arduino can accom- Each daughter board accommodates up to three analog sensors.1 Sharp modate more, up to eight infrared proximity sensors with varying detection ranges provide feedback depending on the version, but the Hylozoic Soil system that allows the sculpture to respond to occupant motion. Powered by sacrifices some in favour of the five-volt electronics supply, the sensors emit an infrared signal and additional digital outputs for device control. receive reflected signals from nearby objects, registering the distance of the reflecting surface and feeding that information back to an input on the Arduino board. The daughter board also contains a communication layer which trans- lates the raw serial data from the Arduino to the RS485 communication standard, and contains jacks to connect the boards to a ‘full-duplex, differen- tial multi-drop’ bus. RS485 being a differential standard, information is transferred on pairs of wires that carry differing voltages. Bit values are detected by measuring the difference in voltage on the paired wires. This scheme, along with the use of twisted-pair cabling, makes the system less prone to noise-induced communication errors. A full-duplex implementa- tion uses two pairs of wires: one pair for incoming information and the other for outgoing data, allowing for simultaneous communication in both directions along the bus. Each board constitutes one ‘drop’ of the multi-drop system, and communicates with the others via a single board which assumes the role of ‘bus controller’. The Maxim MAX3466 transceiver chip used in the daughter board allows up to 128 such boards to communicate. Since
239 Engineering meets Humanities and Social Science there is the potential for multiple devices to ‘drive’ the shared bus lines, bus conflicts can occur which result in garbled information at best, and can pose a serious threat to the hardware. The MAX3466 chip includes a pin which allows the microcontroller to effectively ‘turn off ’ the driver circuitry, and this pin is controlled by one of the Arduino’s digital outputs. In addition to the bus transceivers, the daughter board also contains additional hardware which permits simultaneous batch programming of all the devices connected to the bus. Normally, a device is programmed by connecting it to a computer’s USB port, then resetting it before running a software tool on the computer to download code to the Arduino. When the Arduino is reset, special code called a ‘bootloader’ executes for a few seconds, listening for incoming information on the serial port. By setting a switch on the bus controller board to program mode, any board connected to the 6 A schematic of the custom bus will see messages sent by the computer to the bus controller. If they are ‘daughter’ board designed for Hylozoic Soil all reset just prior to downloading new code from the computer, the bus controller will act as a proxy for all of them in the exchange of information required to download the program, and every board will receive the new code. The bus controller switch is then reset to normal mode and it resumes control of the bus. The Arduino system combined with the bus architecture described above provides an inexpensive environment for experimentation with dis- tributed intelligence and emergent behaviour in a physical environment. For example, each local board in Hylozoic Soil has several layers of response to a presence within the mesh. As a local reflexive response, any board which registers a change in its sensor status immediately activates a reflex device, reinforcing the connection between the actions of the visitor and the sculp- ture. Reflex responses are followed up by slightly delayed and more orches- trated chains of local reactions, all by devices connected to the triggered board. Additionally, the board informs the rest of the mesh, via the bus controller, that it has detected a visitor. Boards are programmed in soft- ware to respond to messages from their spatial neighbours, setting up larger but more muted chains of reaction. A third layer of behavioural control is orchestrated by the bus controller: Since it relays all messages it is aware of the general level of activity within the mesh. It can therefore exercise some control over system-wide behaviour by asking the mesh to set up a general low-level behaviour if things are too quiet, or conversely to quiet down if activity is excessive. Hylozoic Soil is a project within a body of work that has been gradu- ally moving from individual figures composed of complex hybrid organ- isms towards immersive architectural environments that behave like highly mobile crowds of interlinked individuals acting in chorus. Recent genera- tions of this work have employed active sensing and actuator mechanisms in pursuit of reflexive, kinetic architectural environments.Hylozoic Soil builds upon previous generations by developing a decentralized structure where much of the system is distributed and extensible, based on localized intelli- gence. The distributed nature ofHylozoic Soil and the group behaviour which emerges has much common ground with the Arduino project.
MOBILE NATION 240 Biographies Credits Index Biographies
The editors gratefully acknowledge the following Queen’s University and in technology at Humber Col- individuals who contributed to the Mobile Nation lege. Distinctions for his work include the Prix de Rome conference and to this anthology. in Architecture (Canada). Publications include Fab- rication: Examining the Digital Practice of Architec- Matt Adams makes performances, installations, ture (AIA/ACADIA 2004), Responsive Architectures: games and interactive artworks. He co-founded Blast Subtle Technologies (Riverside, 2006), Future Wood Theory in 1991, a group renowned for its multidisci- (Riverside, 2006), and On Growth And Form: Organic plinary approach pioneering the use of new technolo- Architecture and Beyond (TUNS Press 2007). gies within performance contexts. The group’s work www.philipbeesley.com has recently focused on mixed reality, location based Joanna Berzowska is Assistant Professor of De- games and mobile devices to inspire audiences to sign and Computation Arts at Concordia University question their social relationships. Since 1997, the and an active member of the Hexagram Research group has collaborated with the Mixed Reality Labo- Institute in Montreal. She is the founder and research ratory at the University of Nottingham. Works such as director of XS Labs, where her team develops innova- Desert Rain (1999), Can You See Me Now? (2001) tive methods and applications in electronic textiles and Uncle Roy All Around You (2003) have been and responsive garments. Her art and design work nominated for four Interactive Arts BAFTA Awards. has been shown in the Cooper-Hewitt Design Mu- Can You See Me Now? won the Golden NICA for seum in New York, the V&A in London, the Millenium Interactive Art at Prix Ars Electronica 2003. Museum in Beijing, various SIGGRAPH art galleries, Julie Andreyev is a Vancouver-based new media ISEA, the Art Directors Club in New York, the Aus- artist whose work is influenced by popular entertain- tralian Museum in Sydney, NTT ICC in Tokyo, and ment, car cultures, and interactive mobile technolo- Ars Electronica Center in Linz, among others. She gies. Her artistic practice explores the social and lectures internationally about the field of electronic spatial character of the city. The most recent projects textiles and related social, cultural, aesthetic, and combine multimedia interactive cars and urban per- political issues. She was recently selected for the formance. Her work has been shown across Canada, Maclean’s 2006 Honour Roll as one of ‘thirty-nine the US, Europe and Japan at venues such as: Viper Canadians who make the world a better place to live Festival Basel; SIGGRAPH; ISEA; Media Arts Fes- in.’ She received her MSc from MIT for her work titled tival, Tokyo; Elektra Festival, Montreal. Andreyev’s ‘Computational Expressionism’ and subsequently work is supported by the Canada Council for the worked with the Tangible Media Group of the MIT Arts, the British Columbia Arts Council, Foreign Af- Media Lab and co-founded International Fashion Ma- fairs Canada, and the Social Sciences and Humani- chines in Boston. She holds a BA in Pure Math and a ties Research Council of Canada. She is Associate BFA in Design Arts. Professor of Digital Visual Arts at Emily Carr Institute, Jim Budd is Associate Professor in the School Vancouver, and co-curator of Interactive Futures Con- of Industrial Design at Carleton University. His re- ference, Victoria Canada. search focuses on the methods and technology nec- www.fourwheeldrift.com essary to support the design and development of Philip Beesley practices art and architecture in interactive products. Krystina Madej is a PhD can- Waterloo and Toronto, Canada. He is an Associate didate in the School of Interactive Arts & Technology Professor at the University of Waterloo, School of Ar- at Simon Fraser University Surrey. Her dissertation chitecture in Cambridge, Ontario. He is responsible focuses on children, narrative and gameplay. Jenna for the dissemination and publication programs of the Stephens-Wells, Janice de Jong and Laura Mul- Canadian Design Research Network. He co-directs ligan are fourth-year undergraduate students in the Waterloo’s Integrated Centre for Manufacturing, School of Industrial Design at Carleton University Visualization and Design, a facility combining high- with interests in interactive products and technol- performance computing and automated manufactur- ogy. Ehren Katzur is a first-year undergraduate ing of architectural components. He was educated in student in the School of Industrial Design at Car- architecture at the University of Toronto, in visual art at leton University. Katzur has a diploma in Computer
245 Science from Algonquin College and is interested in and traveling. He also enjoys being outdoors and visit- the application of computing technology in the field ing art galleries and museums. Drum and violin are his of industrial design. favorite instruments of music and he is hoping to learn www.sfu.ca/~krystina/ how to play them some day.
Barbara Crow has been part of the MDCN since Sara Diamond is President of the Ontario Col- its inception. She has been a core participant in lege of Art & Design, Canada’s largest and most di- Sampling the Park, EMU (evaluation, mobility and us- verse art and design university. Diamond is building ability), The Haunting, and co-editor of Wi: Journal of OCAD’s capacities in undergraduate learning, re- the Mobile Digital Commons Network. As well, she search, and graduate studies, as well as building links is one of the primary researchers on the Community with medical and scientific research. Before moving Wireless Infrastructure Research Project (CWIRP) to OCAD in 2005, she was the award-winning Di- and former president of the Canadian Women’s Stud- rector of Research at the Banff Centre and Artistic ies Association/L’association canadienne des études Director of Media and Visual Arts for fourteen years. sur les femmes (CWSA/ACEF). She founded the Banff New Media Institute (BNMI) in 1995 and since then, with her team at Banff and Steve Daniels is an electronic artist and dumpster a number of national and international partners, has diver. He splits his time between Peterborough, built the BNMI into a globally recognized content Toronto, and the Greyhound. He is a graduate of the incubator, workshop, and think tank. Diamond’s net- Integrated Media program at OCAD and holds an MS work reaches from Asia to Eastern Europe, Brazil, and in Behavioural Ecology from the University of the Arctic; from research labs to Silicon Valley; from Manitoba. Steve’s practice juxtaposes disparate television to software development. She is currently knowledge systems and experiences in an effort to co-principal investigator on the Mobile Digital Com- reveal their underlying structures and assumptions. mons Network. Her research and publications explore He is Assistant Professor and Program Director of software visualization and the history of media art. the New Media option in the School of Image Arts at Ryerson University (Toronto) where he teaches Since graduating from Cambridge University with a courses in physical computing, telepresence and MEng and BA(Hons) in Engineering specializing in networked objects. electronics and information theory, Tom Donaldson www.spinningtheweb.org has worked as an inventor and entrepreneur, with par- http://imagearts.ryerson.ca/sdaniels/physcomp/index.html ticular focus on mobile technology and applications and an emphasis on bringing learning from disparate Marc Davis is Social Media Guru at Yahoo! Inc. fields into technology innovation. Among other com- where he works on the theory, design, and develop- mercial achievements, Tom launched a multi-platform ment of digital media systems that combine contex- mobile messaging solution later sold to Palm, launched tual metadata and the power of community to enable the UK’s first mobile entertainment channel, and found- people to produce, describe, share, and remix media. ed a software company that developed novel artificial http://research/yahoo.com/~marc_davis intelligence to simplify mobile phone user-interfaces. Among creative achievements, Tom has developed Rupinder Deol has been at the Banff New Media voice-interactive video jewellery shown at the Institute Institute as a Mobile Applications Engineer since the of Contemporary Art in London and the Sydney Opera beginning of March 2006, where he is passionately House and worked on interactive fashion and acces- working on the Global Heart Rate project. He gradu- sories. In research achievements, Tom has led the en- ated from the University of Calgary, Canada in 2004 gineering in a multi-year, multi-institutional, cross-dis- with a Bachelor of Science (Computer Science) de- ciplinary network working on new mobile application gree. He is originally from the wonderful land of India development tools for artists and designers and cre- but has been living in this great country, Canada, since ated a wrist-based wireless accelerometer for gestural 1994. Rupinder loves Canada for its great people and input to mobile phones. Tom is currently commercializ- peaceful foreign policies. He loves Banff and its beau- ing a new information-free communication technology tiful mountains which he can now visit whenever he for the rural areas of the majority world. likes. Some of his interests are watching movies, hiking
MOBILE NATION 246 Judith Doyle is a filmmaker and new media artist; David Gauthier is a programmer from Montreal she is Associate Professor, Faculty of Art, Integrated whose interests lie in advanced imaging and games Media at OCAD. Doyle’s ‘Warmware’ research in col- research. After earning a degree in Mathematics, he laboration with Baycrest and the Virtual Communities worked on several rendering and gaming engines. class (team taught with Martha Ladly) was presented As part of the Yumi-co collective, he worked on the recently in Toronto, Oulu, Finland, and Beijing, China. cuteXdoom game, which has been exhibited in nu- merous new media festivals. Curious about new ways As CEO of Bight Games, Stuart Duncan oversees of interfacing game worlds and experiencing narrative operations for one of the industry’s most innova- content, David joined the Banff New Media Institute tive mobile game developers. Under his direction Research Games team and is now focusing on ways Bight’s strong R&D focus has propelled them into a to develop avant-garde gaming experiences. leadership position in 3-D mobile game development. Spearheading the bightCodeTM game engine and Judy Gladstone has been the executive director of the bightSizeTM personalization platform, Duncan has Bravo!FACT (Foundation to Assist Canadian Talent) significantly expanded Bight’s technological IP while since 1997. Bravo!FACT (www.bravofact.com) was maintaining a strong commitment to the creation and established in 1995 by CHUM Television’s Cana- development of world-class mobile games. dian national cable arts channel Bravo! The founda- www.bightgames.com tion is the largest funder of shorts (film and video) in Anne Galloway is a social researcher working at Canada. Thirteen million dollars have been awarded the intersections of technology, space and culture. in grants for the production of over a thousand shorts A lecturer and SSHRC Doctoral Fellow in Sociol- across the country. The shorts are broadcast in ogy and Anthropology at Carleton University, Anne is Canada on CHUM Television channels, distributed currently finishing her PhD on the social and cultural to international broadcasters, and are frequently dimensions of mobility and the design of mobile tech- honoured at film festivals. Bravo!FACT-funded shorts nologies and locative media for urban public spaces. have been screened and have won awards at pres- Anne’s research has been presented to a wide variety tigious festivals around the world, including Cannes, of international audiences, as well as published in aca- Sundance, and the Toronto International Film Festival. demic journals and industry magazines, and she en- Prior to her arrival at CHUM, Gladstone was coordi- joys teaching undergraduate courses in critical cultural nator of the CIDA-funded Canada Fund for Dialogue theory and social studies of science and technology. and Development in the Middle East. Ms. Gladstone’s In her spare time Anne can be found hanging out with education includes a graduate degree from the Sor- her cat, reading comics, or writing at www.purselip- bonne, France, and an undergraduate degree from squarejaw.org and www.spaceandculture.org Université Laval (Québec City).
Paula Gardner works in the areas of communica- Robert Gorbet is Assistant Professor of Electrical tion/media studies research, video documentary and & Computer Engineering at the University of Water- mobile design, addressing the relationship between loo, with cross-appointments to Mechanical Engi- new media technologies and democratic practices neering and the School of Architecture. He holds of culture. She is Co-Principal Investigator on the BASc (1992), MASc (1994) and PhD (1997) project The PORTAGE: Canadian Mobile Experience, degrees from the University of Waterloo. He is also which is creating a virtual, interactive street theatre on a practicing technology artist, and has exhibited John Street, Toronto. Gardner is completing a manu- technology-mediated works internationally since script entitled ‘Recovery, Inc.: Depression, Power, 2002 in collaboration with artists, designers and Democracy’, and a full-length documentary film en- architects. He is an award-winning instructor, titled Eyes That Don’t See, Hearts that Don’t Feel, teaching courses in professionalism and ethics, tracing families fleeing global conflicts during the microcontroller interfacing, and robotics. In 2004 nineties, and their ongoing displacement due to the he helped develop Technology Art Studio, a course American asylum system. See www.mobilelab.ca, for combining engineering and sculpture students in mobile design history experience. interdisciplinary project groups to create technol- ogy-mediated sculptural works. http://ece.uwaterloo.ca/People/faculty/gorbet.html www.gorbetdesign.com
247 Since his media career began in India in 1983, Daniel Jolliffe is a media and visual artist whose Nathon Gunn has built an international reputa- work blends sculptural, conceptual and technologi- tion for pioneering innovation in the fields of media, cal approaches. His recent project One Free Minute, entertainment and technology. Among many firsts, a mobile sculpture designed to allow for instances Gunn helped launch the interactive divisions at of anonymous public speech, received publicity and Miramax, Chum, and Universal Studios. International online coverage in over a dozen languages. Most re- media firm Bitcasters, which Nathon co-founded in cently his work was included in the 2006 International 1996, has produced award-winning film, television, Symposium of Electronic Art, the Civil Rights Censor- Internet, and computer game projects for clients in- ship entry of the ‘Yahoo! Directory’ and Design Life cluding Disney, the Family Channel, MuchMusic, and Now, the triennial exhibition of American design at the more. A published author and prolific speaker, Gunn Cooper-Hewitt Museum. He is Canadian and lives in has also advised organizations ranging from the Vancouver, where he currently teaches in the School Charles Bronfman Foundation to the office of former of Interactive Arts and Technology at Simon Fraser prime minister Paul Martin. University Surrey. www.arduino.cc Drew Hemment has recently taken up a post at http://downloads.oreilly.com/make/arduinoMAKE07.pdf Imagination@Lancaster, a new interdisciplinary re- search institute at Lancaster University. Artistic Direc- James E. Katz PhD, is Chair of the Department of tor of the Futuresonic festival, which he founded in Communication at Rutgers University where he also 1995. Director of Future Everything, a non-profit cre- directs the Center for Mobile Communication Studies. ative ‘Community Interest Company.’ Member of the Currently he is investigating how personal communi- collaborative Loca group, which he developed during cation technologies, such as mobile phones and the an AHRC Research Fellow in Creative Technolo- Internet, affect social relationships and how cultural gies at Salford University. Founder member of PLAN, values influence usage patterns of these technolo- the Pervasive and Locative Arts Network, funded by gies. His main current research involves the Liberty EPSRC. Curator of numerous exhibitions on media Science Center museum project to look at teen use art, mobile culture, and locative media. DJ and event of mobile communication for informal science learning organizer at reggae blues warehouse parties and (sponsored by the US National Science Foundation). clubs in the early UK dance scene in the late eighties. Katz has had a distinguished career researching the re- Completed a PhD at University of Lancaster, and an lationship among the domains of science and technol- MA (Distinction) at the University of Warwick, when ogy, knowledge and information, and social processes he was a participant in the Virtual Futures events. and public policy. His books include Perpetual Con- tact: Mobile Communication, Private Talk and Public Bruce Hinds is Assistant Professor of Design at the Performance (co-edited with Mark Aakhus), Connec- Ontario College of Art & Design where he teaches tions: Social and Cultural Studies of the Telephone in Design Process, Interaction Design, Design Drawing, American Life, and Social Consequences of Internet Think Tank (co-chair) and Biomimetics (curriculum Use: Access, Involvement, Expression (co-authored leader). As a licensed architect, Bruce maintains an with Ronald E. Rice). He is the author of more than active practice addressing issues of sustainable com- forty peer-reviewed journal articles and his works have munity structures in the Third World. Current proj- been translated into five languages and re-published in ects include working with a multidisciplinary team of numerous edited collections. physicians and specialists in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania to construct a sustainable community for Associate Professor Filiz Klassen of Ryerson Uni- children affected and infected with HIV. Bruce is an versity is the co-editor of Transportable Environments active member of the Architectural Institute of British 3, the third book on portable architecture and design Columbia, the Ontario Association of Architects, the published by Spon Press, UK. Klassen is the recipi- Royal Architectural Institute of Canada, He is also ent of a research/creation grant from the Social Sci- associate of the Architectural Institute of America, ences and Humanities Research Council of Canada member of Architects for Humanity and the Toronto for her project entitled ‘Malleable Matter.’ Scheduled Society of Architects and an associate of the Ontario to be exhibited in 2008, this project involves a life- College of Art. Bruce holds degrees in psychology, size architectural installation of building components architecture and painting. such as walls, ceilings, and furniture that makes cre- ative use of textiles and related materials innovations.
MOBILE NATION 248 Martha Ladly is Mobile Nation Conference Leader, His work has been supported by Canadian Heritage, and Associate Professor of Design at Ontario Col- the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Coun- lege of Art & Design, specializing in interactive com- cil, Fonds québécois de la recherche sur la société et munication. Ladly is a senior researcher with the la culture, Hexagram, Arts Alliance, Canada Council Mobile Digital Commons Network, and engages in for the Arts, and Arts Council England. He is currently teaching and mentorship outside of the OCAD com- an assistant professor of computation arts at Concor- munity with the Canadian Film Centre’s Interactive dia University, where he founded Obx Laboratory for Project Lab and Interactive Art and Entertainment Experimental Media. Programs. In previous lives, Ladly directed Horizonze- www.obxlabs.net ro.ca at the Banff New Media Institute, worked with Michael Longford is Chair and Associate Professor Peter Gabriel as Head of Design for his Real World in the Department of Design and Computation Arts at Group in the UK, and played keyboards with Toronto Concordia University in Montreal. His creative work new wave band Martha and the Muffins. She is cur- and research activities reside at the intersection of rently pursuing graduate studies in the joint Commu- photography, graphic design, and new media. Cur- nication and Culture program at York University. rently, he is co-principal investigator for the Mobile Angus Leech is a new media artist, writer, and edi- Digital Commons Network (MDCN), a joint research tor. He is currently Lead Artist/Producer for the Banff project launched by Concordia University, the Ontario New Media Institute’s ART Mobile Lab, a research College of Art & Design, and the Banff New Media In- unit that develops new multimedia content and soft- stitute. He has organized numerous workshops, artist ware applications for handheld mobile media devices talks, exhibitions, and conferences. He is a founding and conducts user-centered research to investigate member of Hexagram Institute for Research and patterns of mobile media use in outdoor environ- Creation in Media Arts and Technologies and belongs ments. As part of the Mobile Digital Commons Net- to the Advanced Digital Imaging and 3-D Rapid work, the lab’s current research initiative is Tracklines, Prototyping Group. a mediascape project which explores the potential David McIntosh is Associate Professor, Media Stud- of locative media for enriching the experience of trail ies, at the Ontario College of Art & Design. He holds environments in Banff National Park. a PhD in Communications and Culture from York Maroussia Lévesque holds an undergraduate de- University. His research interests include globalization gree in computation arts from Concordia University. and the political-economies of audiovisual spaces; Her curriculum is oriented towards new technolo- network theories and practices; new media narrativ- gies and political science, as she is interested in the ity; rapid prototyping; Latin American media studies; politics of computers. She has worked in grassroots queer media; and insurrectional media history. He is organizations in Canada and Brazil and is motivated faculty researcher with the Mobile Digital Commons by the potential of subcultures as social emancipa- Network and, with Michael Longford, is Research tors. She is the recipient of the Mary Higgins Bur- and Creative Director of the mobile media game The sary, and won the first prize of Jeunes Critiques en Haunting. His critical writing on new media has been Arts Visuels. Her work has been published in Le published extensively in books and periodicals, and he Devoir. She joined Obx Labs in 2005 and is cur- has curated programs of new media for the National rently its conceptual lead. Lévesque is learning her Gallery of Cuba, the National Gallery of Argentina and fifth language and counting. Cinemathèque Ontario. www.digital-spa.com Shawn Micallef lives in Toronto and is co-founder www.elaborate.ca of the location-based mobile phone documentary Jason Lewis is a poet, digital media artist, and soft- project [murmur], Associate Editor and feature writer ware designer. His research/creation practice re- at Spacing Magazine, and co-founder of the Toronto volves around experiments in visual language, text, Psychogeography Society, a group of flâneurs who and typography, with a core interest in how the deep drift through and explore the city. Shawn has an MA structure of digital media can be used to create in- in Political Science and was a resident at the Ca- novative forms of expression. His creative work and nadian Film Centre Media Lab where [murmur] was his writing about new media have been presented at initially developed. Shawn’s writing has been found conferences, festivals, and exhibitions internationally. in the Globe and Mail, the National Post, and
249 Maisonneuve Magazine as well as Eye Weekly, US and the UK. He is co-founder of Wireless Toronto, where his ‘Stroll’ column led him to all corners of a community group offering free-to-use hotspots in Toronto. Shawn is also an instructor at the Ontario public and publicly-accessible spaces in the city, each College of Art & Design. featuring its own ‘hyperlocal’ community portal. Gabe www.spacing.ca | www.murmur.info is involved with several other web, locative, video and www.psychogeography.ca installation projects bridging art, politics and technol- ogy. His heart rests firmly with the simple, the intuitive, Tek-Jin Nam is Associate Professor in the Depart- and the cheap. ment of Industrial Design at KAIST in Korea. He received his BS and MS in Industrial Design from Thecla Schiphorst is a media artist and Associate KAIST and received his PhD from Brunel University, Professor in the School of Interactive Arts & Technol- UK. His primary interests lie in human centered in- ogy at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, Canada. novation for interactive products and systems, collab- She is Director of the whisper[s] research group, and orative design, tangible interaction design and inter- her media art installations have been exhibited interna- active prototyping. He is a member of the Scientific tionally in Europe, Canada, the US and Asia in many Committee of the International Journal on Interactive venues including Ars Electronica, the Dutch Electronic Design and Manufacturing and an Executive Director Arts Festival (DEAF), Future Physical, of Korea Society of Design Science. He has led de- SIGGRAPH, Interaction ’97, the Wexner Centre for sign and research projects for Samsung Electronics, the Arts, the Montreal New Media Festival, ISEA, the LG Electronics, the Korean Ministry of Education School of the Visual Arts in New York, the Canadian and Human Research Development, SK Telecom, Cultural Centre in Paris, and Dance Umbrella at the KTF, and others. London ICA. http://cidr.kaist.ac.kr/midas | http://cidr.kaist.ac.kr Parmesh Shahani is heading a new ideas incuba- Leena Saarinen, MA, is a practitioner and researcher tion lab in Bombay, India, for Mahindra and Mahindra, of interactive storytelling. She has participated in sever- one of India’s largest business conglomerates, with al collaborative media art productions including award- a significant presence in key sectors of the Indian winning concepts Villa Mirdia chat world and Acciden- economy. He also serves as India-based Research Af- tal Lovers, a participatory black comedy for television. filiate for the Convergence Culture Consortium (C3) As a founding member of virtual theatre group Avatar at MIT, a consortium he helped co-found in 2005. Body Collision she is exploring new forms of partici- Shahani holds a Master’s in Comparative Media Stud- patory drama and live online performance. Currently ies from MIT and two Bachelors degrees from the Saarinen is working on her Doctor of Arts dissertation University of Mumbai. His previous work experiences ‘Scripting for Computational Drama,’ which collides include founding and managing India’s first Internet storytelling genre rules with software metadata and youth portal, Freshlimesoda.com, business develop- ontology to discover useful ways to write and produce ment for Sony Entertainment Television, writing for Elle interactive stories. magazine and the Times of India newspaper, helping make a low-budget feature film and teaching as a visit- Kim Sawchuk, PhD, is Co-Director of the Mobile ing faculty member at a Bombay college. Mr. Shahani Media Lab at Concordia University. As a member of is the author of the forthcoming book Disco Jalebi: An the Mobile Digital Commons Network, she has been Ethnography of Gay Bombay and his academic inter- a core participant in EMU (evaluation, mobility and us- ests include globalization, media convergence, identity ability), The Haunting, and is a co-editor of Wi: Journal formation, online communities, fashion, youth culture, of the Moblile Digital Commons Network (http://wi- lifestyle, branding, South Asian pop culture and Bol- not.ca). Sawchuk is Associate Professor in the Depart- lywood cinema. ment of Communication Studies at Concordia Univer- [email protected]. sity and the current editor of the Canadian Journal of Communication (www.cjc-online.ca). Leslie Sharpe is AT&T Fellow, Assistant Profes- sor, and Area Head of Digital Art at Indiana University Gabe Sawhney is a hacker working at the edges Bloomington. She employs ghost genres in projects of code and culture. He is co-creator of [murmur], a using mobile devices, Bluetooth, podcasting and loca- location-specific oral storytelling project that makes tive media to explore subjectivity, embodiment, social accessible the hidden stories of cities in Canada, the networks and place. Sharpe has exhibited in Canada,
MOBILE NATION 250 the US, and Europe including Kiasma, Artists Space, studios in the northwest of England, and by lecturing Exit Art, and PS1, where she was an artist in resi- in the Narrative and the Moving Image programme at dence, and has written for Leonardo’s issue on locative the International Centre for Digital Content, Liverpool media. Sharpe has lived in Toronto, New York, and San John Moore’s University. Currently attending to PhD Diego, and received her MFA at UCSD where she was research at the Manchester Metropolitan University also Faculty Fellow. Sharpe was born in Medicine Hat, entitled ‘Mobile and Wireless Networks as Public Art’. Alberta and lives in Alberta, when not teaching. Her recent commissions explore proximity-based http://lesliesharpe.net Bluetooth environments using mobile telephony.
Geoffrey Shea is Assistant Professor at the Ontario Minna Tarkka is director of m-cult, centre for new College of Art & Design, where he has taught new and media culture in Helsinki. She has been involved in emerging media for artists and designers since 1986. setting up several organisations, educational pro- Currently he is co-leading a research team develop- grams and events of media art and culture, including ing a broad locative environment, a streetscape virtual the MA in New Media at the University of Art and theatre triggered by mobile users. Shea’s artwork has Design, ISEA’94 and ISEA2004. At m-cult, her work been exhibited and collected widely and he recently re- has been to advocate, document and communicate leased a DVD/CD of his musical work with Gigi Minor. practices of media culture, with a special focus on www.unscrambled.com participatory, urban and mobile media. Her research By focusing on shopping malls, markets, theme and writing aims at a critical study of new media, cre- parks, tourist attractions, and high-tech facilities, Rob ativity, and participation. Shields’s research seeks insights into how under- www.m-cult.org standings of social space, the metropolis, and online Nigel Thrift is Vice-Chancellor of the University of culture impact identity and sociability, pleasure and Warwick. Prior to this he was Pro-Vice-Chancellor taste, the cultures of institutions and cities, and ‘knowl- for Research at the University of Oxford. Thrift was edge’ and ‘innovation.’ This project has been extended made Head of the Division of Life and Environmental through an interdisciplinary journal Space and Culture Sciences at Oxford in 2003, before which he chaired (Sage) and publications on the spatiality of Places on the Research Committee at The University of Bristol the Margin and on consumption as Lifestyle Shopping. (2001–2003) and Bristol’s Research Assessment Recent research considers The Virtual, how construc- Panel (1997–2001). Thrift was born in Bath, edu- tion innovations are literally Building Tomorrow (André cated at Aberystwyth and Bristol, and is an interna- Manseau co-editor, 2005) and what can be learned tional research figure in the field of geography (one about cultural capitals and about The Urban after of the top five most cited geographers in the world Katrina from New Orleans and other recovering cities. in the SSCI/ACHI Indexes, 1988–2002). During his www.spaceandculture.org academic career Professor Thrift has been the recipi- Suzanne Stein leads the Mobile Games Group for ent of a number of distinguished academic awards SMARTlab, and co-supervises the PhD cohort work- including the Royal Geographical Society Victoria ing within Peoplelab. She has been a member of the Medal for contributions to geographic research in Canadian Film Centre Media Lab since 1997 and was 2003. Nigel Thrift is an Academician of the Academy a co-mentor for the Interactive Project Lab, guiding of Learned Societies for the Social Sciences, and and nurturing innovative technology projects for market was made a Fellow of the British Academy in 2003. launch. She was Discipline Lead of Research Division, He currently chairs Main Panel H of RAE 2008 from Experience Modeling, at Sapient, as well as co-lead 2003–2006; was a member of the Panel for Geog- for its User Experience Group. More recently, she led raphy for the RAE 2001; has been a member of the Nokia’s foresighting capabilities for strategic and cre- Leverhulme Prize Fellowship Geography Panel since ative ends. She has served as a juror and moderator 2000 and was a member of the ESRC Research Pri- for the WSA, a United Nations task group concerned orities Board between 2001 and 2005. He is Visiting with the information society. Professor of Geography at the University of Oxford and an Emeritus Professor of Geography at the Uni- Maria Stukoff is an artist and curator working in the versity of Bristol. field of interactive media art. Stukoff contributes widely to the digital entertainment and emergent technolo- Vincent John Vincent is the co-founder (with Fran- gies debate, most notably as Programme Director of cis MacDougall) and creative force behind Ges- the Game Alliance, an independent network for game tureTek Inc. (formerly Vivid Group), which is the inven-
251 tor of and world leader in camera-enabled gesture He is currently researching the concept of everyday control of computer technology and displays over the design, funded by the Social Sciences and Humani- past twenty-plus years. From the multi-patented Video ties Research Council, and co-leads the Interactivity Gesture Control (VGC) technology which spawned theme in the Canadian Design Research Network. He the GestureXtreme system and software applications led the Am-I-able Network for Responsive and Mobile in entertainment, Vincent, as GestureTek’s presi- Environments, a Canadian research network in mo- dent, has been instrumental in moving the company bile, wearable, and responsive technologies. forward into new technological and marketing direc- Eric Zimmerman has been working in the game tions: GestPoint (‘touchless’ point-control of screen), industry for more than twelve years. He is the co- GestureFX (interactive floor, wall, and table displays) founder and CEO of Gamelab (www.gamelab.com), a and IREX (rehabilitative technology). Vincent has game development company based in New York City overseen over 2,000 public installations worldwide, that focuses on experimental and innovative games. and there are multiple consumer licenses for PC, Gamelab creates and self-publishes award-winning console, and toy markets. GestureTek Mobile is their single player and multiplayer games that are distrib- latest development. uted online, on mobile phones, and through retail, www.gesturetek.com including the hit downloadable game Diner Dash. David Vogt is a technology innovator and entrepre- Pre-Gamelab titles include SiSSYFiGHT 2000 neur with solid corporate, academic, and R&D expe- (www.sissyfight.com) and the PC title Gearheads. rience. Vogt is Director of Digital Learning Projects Zimmerman has taught courses at Massachusetts at UBC and champions a set of advanced collabora- Institute of Technology, New York University, and tive R&D projects in new media and mobile media Parsons School of Design. He has lectured and pub- technologies, including the Mobile MUSE Network lished extensively about game design and game cul- and GUSSE. Vogt also shepherds other early stage ture and is the co-author with Katie Salen of Rules of ventures and is an active contributor to a number of Play: Game Design Fundamentals (MIT Press, 2004) private and public boards. His family life centres on and The Game Design Reader: A Rules of Play An- awesome wife Tracy and four amazing children. thology (MIT Press, 2006), as well as the co-editor with Amy Scholder of RE:PLAY: Game Design and Nina Wakeford is Director of INCITE and Reader Game Culture (Peter Lang Press, 2004). in Sociology at Goldsmiths, University of London. www.ericzimmerman.com She founded INCITE in 2001 at the University of Surrey after noticing the increasing use of qualitative Jan-Christoph Zoels is responsible for user experi- research methods, in particular ethnography, in the ence design at Experientia, an experience design new technology design field. Researchers at INCITE consultancy based in Turin, Italy. Until recently he have been funded by Intel, Sapient, NSF, FujiXerox was Senior Associate Professor at Interaction Design Palo Alto and the UK government. In 2005 Nina led Institute Ivrea, where he ran the business innovation a government ‘mission’ on the future of user-centred workshops called Applied Dreams. In his work Zoels design. Currently she holds a three-year Economic focuses specifically on people’s experience of mobile and Social Research Council Fellowship which focus- services and applications, and on using information es on the use of social research in art and design. As technology to support simplicity. Previously he was part of this fellowship she is exploring the potentials Director of Information Architecture for Sapient (New of developing collaborative and studio-based prac- York), and senior designer at Sony Design Center tices for sociology, as well as the use of exhibitions USA, responsible for strategic product development. and installations for research translation. He holds four patents. www.studioincite.com | www.goldsmiths.ac.uk www.experientia.com
Ron Wakkary is Associate Professor in the School of Interactive Arts & Technology at Simon Fraser University in British Columbia. His research interests lie in the design of ubiquitous computing systems including responsive environments, personal tech- nologies, and tangible user interfaces, and the study of interaction design related methods and practice.
MOBILE NATION 252 Image Credits
9 Mobile Culture and Perceptions of Future Mobile Applications cultural values and usage patterns J a m e s E. Ka t z 1 International Telecommunications Union 2 Y. F. Chen 3-5 James E. Katz
15 Towards Issues-Based Art and Design Research A n n e Ga ll o w a y 1 Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
2 1 Morality, New Technology, and Engagement Su z a n n e St e i n 1 Taey Kim 2 Thomas Biebl 3 Bryce Macfarlane 4 SEED Collective and CFC Media Lab 5 SEED Collective and Seventh Generation
25 Play as Research the iterative design process Er i c Zi m m e r m a n 1 Eric Zimmerman 2-5 Word.com & Eric Zimmerman 6-12 Gamelab
37 Shaking Hands with the User principles, protocols, and practices for user-integrated testing in mobile design Ba r b a r a Cr o w a n d Kim Sa w c h u k 1-4 Mobile Digital Commons Network Archive
43 Informing Design through Ethnography and Informances Ro n Wa kk a r y 1-2 Ron Wakkary
47 Mobile Phone Imaging as Gesture and Momento Ro b Sh i e lds 1 R. Shields, thanks to A. Lemos 2 L. Furtado and R. Shields
53 Being There imagination, improvisation, and intensity in rapid prototyping design Da v i d McIn t o s h 1-5 Mobile Digital Commons Network Archive
61 The Haunting voices from beyond in mobile experience design Mi c h a e l Lo n g f o r d 1 Marit-Saskia Wahrendorf 2 Ray Fenwick 3 Leanna Palmer
253 63 Tracklines mobile media and the problem of knowing the world A n g u s Le e c h 1-2 Christopher Quine
101 Mobile Public Art and the Urban Screen Ma r i a St u k o f f 1-5 Maria Stukoff
107 Four Wheel Drift J u l i e An d r e y e v 1-3 ,5 Daniel Mirer 2,4 Liana Schmidt 6 Sean Arden
111 Storytelling Goes Mobile Sh a w n Mi c a ll e f 1-2 Bryce McFarlane
113 Shorts In Motion J u d y Gl a ds t o n e 1 Adam Brodie and Dave Derewlany 2 Theodore Ushev 3 Guy Maddin
117 Mobile Text Messages as Part of an Interactive Television Drama Le e n a Sa a r i n e n 1 Heli Sorjonen (photography) & Pontus Vepsalainen (graphics)
119 Mobility and the Identity Continuum N a t h o n Gu n n 1-4 Images Courtesy of Bitcasters
133 Mobile India glimpses and opportunities P a r m e s h Sh a h a n i 1 Sam Bowman (Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial- Share Alike license) 2 Vishal Kashyap 3 Adil Jain
141 (Im)Mobile Nation the iterative design process Ma r o u ss i a Lé v e s q u e a n d Ja s o n Le w i s 1-4 Courtesy of Obx Labs
147 Research and Design for Mobile Applications a walk in the park Ma r t h a La dl y 1-3 ,12 Nevena Niagolova 4-11 ,13 Mobile Digital Commons Network Archive
MOBILE NATION 254 157 Adventures In Mobile Culture Media Da v i d Vo g t 1-3 David Vogt
159 Day of the Figurines a pervasive game for s m s M a t t Ad a m s 1 A collaboration with the Mixed Reality Lab at University of Nottingham and supported by an Arts & Humanities Research Board Innovation Award, Equator, BT, Microsoft Research and Arts Council England with Lottery Funds 2-3 Blast Theory
161 Electronic Textiles and Reactive Garments J o a n n a Be r z o w k a 1-2 ,4-7 Shermine Sawalha 3 Joanna Berzowska
165 (softn) survival strategies for interaction Th e c l a Sc h i p h o r s t 1-4 Thecla Schiphorst
169 Malleable Matter adaptable and responsive space F i l i z Kl a ss e n 1-3 Filiz Klassen and Chris Aimone
185 Mobile Sphere-ing methods for making virtual spaces public Pa u l a Ga r d n e r 1-3 ,4 Nevena Niagolova 2 Mobile Digital Commons Network Archive
195 Inside-Out Experience Design Ge o f f r e y Sh e a 1-2,5-6 Geoffrey Shea and Paula Gardner 3 Ken Leung 4 Patricio Davila
199 Warmware mnemonic art and design research Ju d i t h Do y l e 1 Judith Doyle 2 Furkan Temel 3 Paul Elia
255 207 Deep places mobile 2.0 and spatial experiences J a n -Ch r i s t o p h Zo e ls 1 Marcello Varaldi 2 Ana-Camila Amorin 3 Emanuela Sabena
211 Roots Not Wires or, why mobile nations are local D r e w He m m e n t 1-2 ,4 Evans/Hemment/Humphries/Raento 3 Futuresonic
219 Hauntings across the Atlantic the marconi trilogy L e sl i e Sh a r p e 1-7 Leslie Sharpe
223 PageCraft a tangible interactive storytelling platform to meet the needs of kids on the go J im Bu dd e t a l . 1-6 Courtesy of authors
229 Interactive, Tangible, and Augmented prototyping with MIDAS Te k -Jin Na m 1-4 Tek-Jin Nam
235 Arduino at Work the hylozoic soil control system R o b Go r b e t a n d Philip Be e sl e y 1-5 Philip Beesley 6 Rob Gorbet
241 Technology and Mobile Platform T o m Do n a lds o n 1 Mobile Digital Commons Network Archive
MOBILE NATION 256 Credits
Mobile Nation Book Yo r k Un ive r s it y Barbara Crow Ed i t o r s Martha Ladly mdcn Re s e a r c h As s i s t a n t s Philip Beesley André Arnold Yannick Assogba Pu b l i c a t i o n Co o r d i n a t o r Siobhan O’Flynn Neil Barratt Lucie Belanger Co p y Ed i t o r Lysanne Bellemare Leah Sandals Jeff Bolingbroke David Bouchard Pr o d u c t i o n Di r e c t o r Hugues Bruyere Philip Beesley Thibaut Duverneix Art Di r e c t i o n a n d Coordination Anna Friz Eric Bury Jennifer Gabrys Alison Harvey De s i g n an d Ar t Di r e c t i o n Geoffrey Jones Nevena Niagolova Wai Kok Fiona Chung Marie-Claude Landry Mary Christine Plaza Ganaele Langlois Janice Leung MDCN Researchers Ken Leung Maroussia Levesque MDCN Re s e a r c h e r s Zehuan Liu Ba n f f Ne w Me d i a In s t i t u t e Raed Moussa Davide Di Saro Anton Nazarko Sarah Hoyt Nevena Niagolova Susan Kennard Leanna Palmer Angus Leech Marit-Saskia Wahrendorf Christopher Quine Elie Zananiri
Co n c o r d i a Un ive r s it y MDCN Le a d En g i n ee r Jason Lewis Tom Donaldson Kim Sawchuk mdcN En g i n ee r s Îl e Sa n s Fil [ISF] Amitava Biswis Philippe April Rupinder Deol Benoit Grégoire Armen Forget Daniel Lemay David Gauthier Michael Lenczner Sukhmeet Singh Jagmit Singh On t a r io Co l l e g e Of Ar t Alexander Taler An d De s i g n Paula Gardner MDCN Coordinators Bruce Hinds Patricio Davila Martha Ladly Brenda Goldstein David McIntosh Cindy Schatkoski Geoffery Shea Andrea Zeffiro
257 mdCN St u d e n t In t e r n s Conference Administration Adam Brandejs Pr i n c i p a l In v e s t i g a t o r s Fiona Chung Sara Diamond Amanda Cooley Michael Longford Nigel Craig Jérôme Delapierre Co n f e r e n c e Le a d e r Jan Drewniak Martha Ladly Garry Ing Benjamin Lemar Con f e r e n c e Co o r d i n a t o r Connie Leung Anthea Foyer John Pavacic Mary Christine Plaza Ass i s t a n t Co o r d i n a t o r Mark Poon Michelle Wolfenden Bryn Reed-Ludlow Philip Sportel CDRN Interactive and Sensing Peter Todd Technologies Workshops Jennie Ziemianin Coor d i n a t o r mdCN Pa r t n e r s Ron Wakkary Bravo!FACT Wor k s h o p Administration Hexagram Institute for Research Kevin Muise Creation in Media Arts & Technologies Greg Corness Networks for Emerging Wireless Technologies (NEWT) Work s h o p Le a d e r s Tom Donaldson Mobile Nation Conference Credits Daniel Jolliffe Tek-Jin Nam Par t n e r s Ontario College of Art & Design Mobile Digital Commons Network Canadian Design Research Network
Sp o n s o r s Canadian Heritage Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council Networks of Centres of Excellence Riverside Architectural Press Waterloo Architecture Cambridge Interactive Project Lab Polycom Backbone Magazine
MOBILE NATION 258 References Citation for the above: Beesley, Philip, and Robert Gorbet. “Arduino at Work: the Hylozoic Soil control system.” Mobile Nation: Creating Methodologies for Mobile Platforms. Eds. Philip Beesley, Martha Ladly and Ron Wakkary. Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2008. 235-240, 245- 258. Print. For further reading: Armstrong, Rachel, and Philip Beesley. “Soil and Protoplasm: The Hylozoic Ground Project.” Architectural Design 81.2 (2011): 78-89. Beesley, Philip, Matthew Chan, Rob Gorbet, Dana Kulić, and Mo Memarian. “Evolving Systems within Immersive Architectural Environments: New Research by the Living Architecture Systems Group” Next Generation Building 2.1 (2015): 31-56. Print. Beesley, Philip, Matthew T.K. Chan, Rob Gorbet, and Dana Kulić. “Curiosity-Based Learning Algorithm for Distributed Interactive Sculptural Systems.” 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 28 Sept – 02 Oct (2015): 3435-3441. Print. Beesley, Philip. “Diffusive Thermal Architecture: New Work from the Hylozoic Series.” Architectural Design 84 (2014): 90-99. Beesley, Philip, ed. Near-Living Architecture: Work in Progress from the Hylozoic Ground Collaboration 2011-2014. Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2014. Print. Beesley, Philip. “Quasiperiodic Near-Living Systems: Paradigms for Form-Language.” Alive: Advancements in Adaptive Architecture. Eds. Manual Kretzer and Ludger Hovestadt. Basel: Birkhäuser, 2014. 26-33. Beesley, Philip. “Input Output: Performative Materials.” Performative Material in Architecture and Design. Eds. Rashida Ng and Sneha Patel. Bristol: Intellect, 2013. ix-xi. Beesley, Philip. Sibyl: Projects 2010-2012. Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2012. Print. Beesley, Philip. “Feeling Matter: Empathy & Affinity in the Hylozoic Series.” Meta.Morf A Matter of Feeling. Ed. Espen Gangvik. Trondheim: TEKS Publishing, 2012. Print. Beesley, Philip. Hylozoic Ground: Liminal Responsive Architectures. Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2010. Print. Beesley, Philip, and Omar Khan, eds. Responsive Architecture/Performing Instruments. New York: The Architectural League of New York, 2009. Print. Beesley, Philip, ed. Kinetic Architectures and Geotextiles Installations. Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2007 & 2010. Print. Beesley, Philip, Martha Ladly, and Ron Wakkary, eds. Mobile Nation: Creating Methodologies for Mobile Platforms. Eds. Philip Beesley, Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2008. Print. Beesley, Philip, Sachiko Hirosue, and Jim Ruxton. “Toward Responsive Architectures.” Responsive Architectures: Subtle Technologies. Eds. Philip Beesley, Sachiko Hirosue, Jim Ruxton, M. Trankle and C. Turner. Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2006. Print. 3-11. Jakovich, Joanne, and Dagmar Reinhardt. “Trivet Fields: The Materiality of Interaction in Architectural Space.” Leonardo 42.4 (2009): 216-224. May, Tim. “Philip Beesley: Limits to Growth.” Holo 1: Emerging Trajectories in Art, Science and Technology. 2014. Schwartzman, Madeline. See yourself sensing: redefining human perception. London: Black Dog Publishing, 2011. 62.