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Iraq Index Tracking Variables of Reconstruction & Security in Post-Saddam Iraq
THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20036-2188 Tel: 202-797-6000 Fax: 202-797-6004 www.brooking s.edu Iraq Index Tracking Variables of Reconstruction & Security in Post-Saddam Iraq www.brookings.edu/iraqindex Updated October 31, 2005 For full source information for entries other than the current month, please see the Iraq Index archives at www.brookings.edu/fp/saban/iraq/indexarchive.htm Michael E. O’Hanlon Nina Kamp For more information please contact Nina Kamp at [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Security Indicators Page U.S. Troop Fatalities since March 2003…….……………………………………………………………....…………………………………………………4 Cause of Death for US Troops…………………………………………………………...…………………………………………………………………….5 American Military Fatalities by Category……………………………………………………………………….….……………………………….……….6 Geographic Distribution of Military Fatalities……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 U.S. Troops Wounded in Action since March 2003……………………………..…………….…………………………………….………………………..7 British Military Fatalities since March 2003………………………………….……………….…………………….............................................................7 Non-U.S. & U.K. Coalition Military Fatalities since March, 2003……………..….…………………….…………………………….…………...………..8 Non-U.S. & U.K. Coalition Military Fatalities by Country since March 2003…….…………………………………………………………...…………..8 Iraqi Military and Police Killed since January 2005…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..9 Estimates of Iraqi Civilians Killed Since the Start of the War …………………………………………………………….…………………………….…9 -
The United States and Democracy Promotion in Iraq and Lebanon in the Aftermath of the Events of 9/11 and the 2003 Iraq War
The United States and democracy promotion in Iraq and Lebanon in the aftermath of the events of 9/11 and the 2003 Iraq War A Thesis Submitted to the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of PhD. in Political Science. By Abess Taqi Ph.D. candidate, University of London Internal Supervisors Dr. James Chiriyankandath (Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London) Professor Philip Murphy (Director, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London) External Co-Supervisor Dr. Maria Holt (Reader in Politics, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Westminster) © Copyright Abess Taqi April 2015. All rights reserved. 1 | P a g e DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis is my own work and effort and that it has not been submitted anywhere for any award. Where other sources of information have been used, they have been duly acknowledged. Signature: ………………………………………. Date: ……………………………………………. 2 | P a g e Abstract This thesis features two case studies exploring the George W. Bush Administration’s (2001 – 2009) efforts to promote democracy in the Arab world, following military occupation in Iraq, and through ‘democracy support’ or ‘democracy assistance’ in Lebanon. While reviewing well rehearsed arguments that emphasise the inappropriateness of the methods employed to promote Western liberal democracy in Middle East countries and the difficulties in the way of democracy being fostered by foreign powers, it focuses on two factors that also contributed to derailing the U.S.’s plans to introduce ‘Western style’ liberal democracy to Iraq and Lebanon. -
Media Under Fire: Reporting Conflict in Iraq
INFORMATION, ANALYSIS AND ADVICE FOR THE PARLIAMENT INFORMATION AND RESEARCH SERVICES Current Issues Brief No. 21 2002–03 Media Under Fire: Reporting Conflict in Iraq DEPARTMENT OF THE PARLIAMENTARY LIBRARY ISSN 1440-2009 Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2003 Except to the extent of the uses permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means including information storage and retrieval systems, without the prior written consent of the Department of the Parliamentary Library, other than by Senators and Members of the Australian Parliament in the course of their official duties. This paper has been prepared for general distribution to Senators and Members of the Australian Parliament. While great care is taken to ensure that the paper is accurate and balanced, the paper is written using information publicly available at the time of production. The views expressed are those of the author and should not be attributed to the Information and Research Services (IRS). Advice on legislation or legal policy issues contained in this paper is provided for use in parliamentary debate and for related parliamentary purposes. This paper is not professional legal opinion. Readers are reminded that the paper is not an official parliamentary or Australian government document. IRS staff are available to discuss the paper's contents with Senators and Members and their staff but not with members of the public. Published by the Department of the Parliamentary Library, 2003 I NFORMATION AND R ESEARCH S ERVICES Current Issues Brief No. 21 2002–03 Media Under Fire: Reporting Conflict in Iraq Sarah Miskin, Politics and Public Administration Group Laura Rayner and Maria Lalic, Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Group 24 March 2003 Acknowledgments Our thanks to Jack Waterford, Jane Hearn, Cathy Madden and Alex Tewes for their useful comments and contributions on earlier drafts of this paper. -
Huge Beirut Rally Rebuffs 'Gucci Revolution'
workers.org Workers and oppressed peoples of the world unite! MARCH 17, 2005 VOL. 47, NO. 9 50¢ •EEUU amenaza a presidente venezolano Lebanese reject •Tribunal: ‘No pena de muerte para jóvenes’ 12 U.S. intervention FIGHT FOR EMPIRE? Recruiting takes Huge Beirut rally rebuffs ‘Gucci revolution’ nose dive 3 By Fred Goldstein to the demands by the Bush administration and its allies and stooges that Syria remove its troops from Lebanon and that The Lebanese people converged on Beirut from all the poor Hezbollah be disarmed. areas of the country on March 6 in a massive anti-imperialist, Reuters of March 8, referring to a speech by Hezbollah leader anti-Zionist showing. They gave a resounding rebuff to efforts Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah, reported that “Nasrallah said no one by the Bush administration to isolate Syria, attack Hezbollah and in Lebanon feared the United States, whose troops left Beirut in set the stage for expanding its war for “regime change” in the 1984”—a few months after a car bombing which killed 241 Middle East to Damascus. Marines at their headquarters in Beirut. “We have defeated them WOMEN’S Organizers said 1 million demonstrated. Even the most mod- in the past and if they come again we will defeat them again,” he HISTORY erate estimate by the big business press was half a million. is reported to have said. Overhead panning of the demonstration by video cameras show- Placards at the rally, according to the AP, said “Syria & MONTH ing it overflowing Riyadh Solh Square in central Beirut for as far Lebanon brothers forever,” “America is the source of terrorism,” as the eye could see in all directions. -
New War Journalism Trends and Challenges
10.1515/nor-2017-0141 Nordicom Review 30 (2009) 1, pp. 95-112 New War Journalism Trends and Challenges STIG A. NOHRSTEDT Abstract How has war journalism changed since the end of the Cold War? After the fall of the Ber- lin Wall in 1989 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, there was talk of a new world order. The Balkan Wars of the 1990s gave rise to the concept of “new wars”. The 1990-91 Gulf War was the commercial breakthrough for the around-the-clock news chan- nel CNN, and the war in Afghanistan in 2001 for its competitor al-Jazeera. The 2003 Iraq war saw Internet’s great breakthrough in war journalism. A new world order, new wars, and new media – what impact is all this having on war journalism? This article outlines some important trends based on recent media research and discusses the new challenges as well as the consequences they entail for the conditions of war journalism, its professional reflexivity and democratic role. Keywords: new media war; propaganda and war journalism; framing of war news; visual war reporting; media reflexivity. Introduction How has war journalism changed since the end of the Cold War? After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, there was talk of a new world order holding the promise of international justice and peace. However, the Balkan Wars of the 1990s gave rise to the concept of “new wars” that in the wake of the terror attacks of 9/11 have acquired an iconicity rivalling that of fiction films. -
David Mccullough 2002
THE THEODORE H. WHITE LECTURE WITH DAVID MCCULLOUGH T HE T HEODORE H. W HITE L ECTURE WITH Joan Shorenstein Center ■ D PRESS POLITICS A VID M C C ULLOUGH PUBLIC POLICY Harvard University John F. Kennedy School of Government 2002 THE THEODORE H. WHITE LECTURE WITH DAVID MCCULLOUGH 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS History of the Theodore H. White Lecture ..................................................—5 Biography of David McCullough ..................................................................—7 Welcoming Remarks by Dean Joseph S. Nye, Jr. ........................................—9 Introduction by Alex S. Jones ..........................................................................—9 The 2002 Theodore H. White Lecture on Press and Politics “A Sense of History in Times of Crisis” by David McCullough ..........................................................................—11 The 2002 Theodore H. White Seminar on Press and Politics ..................—29 Alex S. Jones, Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy (moderator) Ann Compton, ABC News Walter Isaacson, CNN Alexander Keyssar, Harvard University David McCullough, Historian David Sanger, The New York Times THIRTEENTH ANNUAL THEODORE H. WHITE LECTURE 3 The Theodore H. White Lecture on Press and Politics commemorates the life of the late reporter and historian who created the style and set the standard for contemporary political journalism and campaign coverage. White, who began his journalism career delivering the Boston Post, entered Har- vard College in 1932 on a newsboy’s schol- arship. He studied Chinese history and Oriental languages. In 1939, he witnessed the bombing of Chungking while freelance reporting on a Sheldon Fellow- ship, and later explained, “Three thousand human beings died; once I’d seen that I knew I wasn’t going home to be a professor.” During the war, White covered East Asia for Time and returned to write Thunder Out of China, a controversial critique of the American-supported Nationalist Chinese government. -
War and Media: Constancy and Convulsion
Volume 87 Number 860 December 2005 War and media: Constancy and convulsion Arnaud Mercier* Arnaud Mercier is professor at the university Paul Verlaine, Metz (France) and director of the Laboratory “Communication and Politics” at the French National Center for Scientifi c Research (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifi que, CNRS). Abstract To consider the relationship between war and the media is to look at the way in which the media are involved in conflict, either as targets (war on the media) or as an auxiliary (war thanks to the media). On the basis of this distinction, four major developments may be cited that today combine to make war above all a media spectacle: photography, which opened the door to manipulation through stage-management; live technologies, which raise the question of journalists’ critical distance vis-à-vis the material they broadcast and which can facilitate the process of using them; pressure on the media and media globalization, which have led to a change in the way the political and military authorities go about making propaganda; and, finally, the fact that censorship has increasingly come into disrepute, which has prompted the authorities to think of novel ways of controlling journalists. : : : : : : : The military has long integrated into its operational planning the principles of the information society and of a world wrapped into a tight network of infor- mation media. Controlling the way war is represented has acquired the same strategic importance as the ability to disrupt the enemies’ communications.1 The “rescue” of Private Jessica Lynch, which was filmed by the US Army on 1 April 2003, is a textbook example, even if the lies surrounding Private Lynch’s * This contribution is an adapted version of the article “Guerre et médias: permanences et mutations”, Raisons politiques, N° 13, février 2004, pp. -
Visiting Iraq
Visiting Iraq How to apply for a business visa Applications for business visas should be made at the Iraqi Consulate prior to departure. Consular officials at the Iraqi Embassy have indicated that visa approval can take two to six weeks from the date of submission. Visas are issued to business people, provided that they have official invitations from Iraqi authorities or are introduced as such by their respective Ministries of Foreign Affairs and are supplied with letters from the Chamber of Commerce. Applicants should also submit a letter of request from their own company stating the reason for their travel. How to travel to Iraq There are a growing number of commercial airline flights from Europe and the U.S. to Iraq's main cities. Baghdad Airline Destinations Bahrain Air Bahrain Cham Wings Airlines Damascus Flying Carpet Beirut Gulf Air Bahrain Gryphon Airlines Kuwait Iraqi Airways Amman, Bahrain, Basrah, Beirut, Cairo, Damascus, Doha, Dubai, Düsseldorf, Erbil, Frankfurt, Istanbul-Atatürk, Jeddah, Karachi, Malmö, Mosul, Najaf, Stockholm-Arlanda, Sulaymaniyah, Tehran-Imam Khomeini Jupiter Airlines Dubai Mahan Air Tehran-Imam Khomeini Middle East Airlines Beirut Royal Jordanian Amman Turkish Airlines Istanbul-Atatürk Erbil Airlines Destinations Atlasjet Istanbul-Atatürk Austrian Airlines Vienna Gulf Air Bahrain Iraqi Airways Baghdad, Basrah, Beirut, Oman, Stockholm-Arlanda, Sulaymaniyah, Tehran Imam Khomeini Jupiter Airlines Dubai Vision Air International Dubai Royal Jordanian Amman Viking Airlines Stokholm-Arlanda, Birmingham Basrah Airlines Destinations AVE.com Sharjah Jupiter Airlines Dubai Iraqi Airways Amman, Baghdad, Beirut, Damascus, Dubai, Erbil, Oman, Sulaymaniyah MCA Airlines Stockholm Royal Jordanian Amman Turkish Airlines Istanbul Mosul Airlines Destinations Iraqi Airways Baghdad, Dubai Jupiter Airlines Dubai, Istanbul Royal Jordanian Airlines Amman Frequency or availability of flights are subject to change. -
Womenonthefrontlines
Winners of the Overseas Press Club Awards 2018 Annual Edition DATELINE #womenonthefrontlines DATELINE 2018 1 A person throws colored powder during a Holi festival party organized by Jai Jai Hooray and hosted by the Brooklyn Children’s Museum in Brooklyn, New York, U.S., March 3, 2018. REUTERS/Andrew Kelly A person throws colored powder during a Holi festival party organized by Jai Jai Hooray and hosted by the Brooklyn Children’s Museum in Brooklyn, New York, U.S., March 3, 2018. REUTERS/Andrew Kelly A person throws colored powder during a Holi festival party organized by Jai Jai Hooray and hosted by the Brooklyn Children’s Museum in Brooklyn, New York, U.S., March 3, 2018. REUTERS/Andrew Kelly Reuters congratulates Reutersthe winners congratulates of the 2017 Overseas Press Club Awards. the winners of the 2017 Overseas Press Club Awards. OverseasWe are proud to Press support theClub Overseas Awards. Press Club and its commitment to excellence in international journalism. We are proud to support the Overseas Press Club and its commitmentWe are proud toto excellencesupport the in Overseas international Press journalism. Club and its commitment to excellence in international journalism. 2 DATELINE 2018 President’s Letter / DEIDRE DEPKE n the reuters memorial speech delivered at Oxford last February – which I urge Iyou all to read if you haven’t – Washington Post Editor Marty Baron wondered how we arrived at the point where the public shrugs off demonstrably false statements by public figures, where instant in touch with people’s lives. That address her injuries continues websites suffer no consequences is why ensuring the accuracy of to report from the frontlines in for spreading lies and conspiracy sources and protecting communi- Afghanistan. -
Fighting Words
21472cover_rev 7/13/06 3:15 PM Page 1 FIGHTING FIGHTING WORDS WORDS HOW ARAB AND AMERICAN JOURNALISTS CAN BREAK THROUGH TO BETTER COVERAGE By Lisa Schnellinger and Mohannad Khatib Produced by the International Center for Journalists “Arabs are violent, religious extremists unwilling to consider any point of view that conflicts with their fundamentalist convictions.” “Americans are hedonistic imperialists who have no values and insist on imposing their materialistic culture all over the world.” No doubt many people in the United States and in Arab countries – including many of their leaders – believe these stereotypes. They help widen a dangerous schism between the two worlds that seems unbridgeable. But where do these stereotypes come from? How much FIGHTING WORDS responsibility do media in each region have for promoting them? In late 2005, two dozen Arab and American journalists gathered in HOW ARAB AND AMERICAN JOURNALISTS CAN Wisconsin to talk about how they cover each other’s worlds, and how BREAK THROUGH TO BETTER COVERAGE they can do it better. Over three days, they discussed such topics as using loaded words like “terrorist” and “jihad,” showing provocative images, covering sensitive issues of religion, and handling pressure from governments and advertisers. This manual is an outgrowth of that conference. Written by an American and an Arab who participated in the discussions, it is designed to help International journalists in both worlds think about how they can help minimize the misunderstandings between cultures that perpetuate conflict. The conference and the manual were made possible by the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the Johnson Foundation, the William and Center Flora Hewlett Foundation, Thomas S. -
Index for 2003 War, Peace and Mass Media Blog Instructions: to Access
In111 Index for 2003 War, Peace and Mass Media Blog Instructions: To access 2003 archives, go to Blog[http://warmedia.blogspot.com/]and scroll down left column to see archive link lines. Click on desired dated archive to access full story link. 12/28/2003-01/03/2004/2003 - 01/03/200 Tuesday, December 30, 2003 MRE fights access problems Board sends protest letter; begins media access probe With increasing reports of tighter media restrictions, confiscations of film and videotapes and new reporting ground rules in Iraq and stateside, Military Reporters and Editors, Inc., has taken several steps to protest and investigate media access problems. Reporters Editors When George Bush’s Pentagon doesn’t like what a reporter writes, it attempts a preemptive strike In the case of Tom Ricks, military reporter for the Washington Post, the Pentagon took the attack right to the heart of the enemy. Defense Department spokesman Larry DiRita first sent a letter of complaint to the Post; then he met with the paper’s top editors to press his points. 12/14/2003-12/20/2003PM Thursday, December 18, 2003 9/11 Chair: Attack Was Preventable CBSNews.com NEW YORK, Dec. 17, 2003 For the first time, the chairman of the independent commission investigating the Sept. 11 attacks is saying publicly that 9/11 could have and should have been prevented, reports CBS News Correspondent Randall Pinkston. 7:50 AM Wednesday, December 17, 2003 It's Time for Plame-Case Reporters to Out the Administration Leakers! By Bernard Weiner Co-Editor, The Crisis Papers. December 16, 2003 Journalists do not reveal sources. -
War-Made-Easy-Transcript.Pdf
T R A N S C R I P T War Made Easy HOW PRESIDENTS & PUNDITS KEEP SPINNING US TO DEATH FEATURING NORMAN SOLOMON NARRATED BY SEAN PENN _______________________________________________________________________ GENERAL DOUGLAS MACARTHUR: Let us pray that peace be now restored to the world, and that God will preserve it always. These proceedings are closed. 1940s NEWSREEL VOICEOVER: The final United Nations victory has been won. The war is over. Peace is here. A crowd of two million review the greatest parade of arms ever witnessed. This is the news that electrified the world. Unconditional surrender. A new world of peace. GENERAL DOUGLAS MACARTHUR: Today the guns are silent … The skies no longer rain death … The entire world lies quietly at peace. VOICES OF NEWS REPORTERS: On the way American infantrymen once again hit the road toward Korea’s capital city of Seoul. On the way American infantry men … And US Marines were ordered into the Dominican Republic as a rebel force collapses … Meanwhile US Marines have also taken center stage in South Vietnam … This is what the war in Vietnam is all about ... The first wave of Marines landed in Grenada … encounter some twelve hundred US Marines would land in Grenada for several days along with … Most of the Libyans were terrified with last night’s heavy bombing raid … President Bush’s decision to neutralize Panama’s General Manuel Noriega … Saddam Hussein’s reign of terror is over… This is the beginning of the war in Iraq … SEAN PENN: Since World War II we have seen a dramatic escalation in United States military actions around the globe, ranging from missile strikes and rapid troop deployments, to all out wars and occupations.