Theory of Literature
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Twentieth Century Criticism: Traditions and Concepts
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Online ISSN: 2349-4182, Print ISSN: 2349-5979 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.72 Received: 05-08-2018; Accepted: 12-09-2018 www.allsubjectjournal.com Volume 5 Issue 9; September 2018; Page No. 78-81 Twentieth century criticism: Traditions and concepts Bishnu Prasad Pokharel PhD. Lecturer, Nepal Sanskrit University, Bijauri, Nepal Abstract Literary theory involves questioning of the most basic assumption of literary study, speculative practice, accounts of desires and language. Theory has brought many ideas from other field of knowledge to engage in a discussion on humanities, art and literature and different issues like race, identity, mythologies, signs and many other issues that are not directly linked to literature. Theory has made literary discourse interdisciplinary by welcoming ideas from other discipline. So, literary theory is not something that has been developed in a vacuum but has arisen for the most part in response to the problems encountered by readers, scholars and critics in their practical contact with the text. It also provides excellent tools that can not only show us our world and ourselves through new and valuable lenses but also can strengthen our ability and with a good deal of insight. Russian Formalism, New Criticism, Structuralism, Post structuralism/ Deconstruction, Psychoanalysis, Feminism, Reader Response, Colonialism and New Historicism are the major theories discussed in this article. Keywords: theory, criticism, defamiliarization, text, interpretation, gender, meaning, context Introduction with the revolution” (603). The twentieth century encountered intensification of Russian Formalism was a departure from the prevailing rationalization, urbanization, secularization, increasingly Romantic Symbolism and Futurism. -
Stanford Slavic Department Revises Its Reading List Gabriella Safran, Stanford University
October 2014 • v. 54, n. 5 NewsNet News of the Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies Stanford Slavic Department Revises its Reading List Gabriella Safran, Stanford University What must a literary scholar read? Lidiia Ginzburg tise and to be able to produce creative or scholarly writing begins her Notes of a Siege Person with a conversation be- to satisfy current and future audiences. PhD programs in tween Yury Tynyanov and Semyon Vengerov. Tynyanov has literature inevitably work to balance the Retentive and the asked his teacher where to find a certain essay of Herzen’s, Adaptive approaches. As literary scholars, we recognize the and Vengerov is shocked. “How can it be that I’m admitting value of the already spoken or written word; our profession you into the (graduate) program and you haven’t yet read depends on the notion that of all the spoken and written through all of Kolokol (The Bell)?” Ginzburg reflects rue- words out there, some are more worthy than others of be- fully, then, on her own generation: “I’m being admitted into ing published, republished, translated, edited, staged, filmed, the institute, but what do we know?” and read long after their original audience has died. At the same time, we exist inside the world known to the Formal- Ginzburg’s anecdote appeals to me as the introduc- ists, which values novelty, looking for a new word that casts tion to a report about the revision of the Stanford Slavic the value of the old words into doubt: we teach our stu- Department’s PhD reading list, because it reminds us of dents that their scholarship cannot consist of restatment the longevity of the debates in which we are engaged. -
Review of Joseph Carroll, Reading Human Nature: Literary Darwinism
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College | Bryn Mawr College... Bryn Mawr Review of Comparative Literature Volume 9 Article 1 Number 2 Fall 2011 Fall 2011 Review of Joseph Carroll, Reading Human Nature: Literary Darwinism in Theory and Practice and Virginia Richter, Literature After Darwin: Human Beasts in Western Fiction, 1859-1939. Carlo Salzani Monash University Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.brynmawr.edu/bmrcl Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Recommended Citation Salzani, Carlo (2011). Review of "Review of Joseph Carroll, Reading Human Nature: Literary Darwinism in Theory and Practice and Virginia Richter, Literature After Darwin: Human Beasts in Western Fiction, 1859-1939.," Bryn Mawr Review of Comparative Literature: Vol. 9 : No. 2 Available at: https://repository.brynmawr.edu/bmrcl/vol9/iss2/1 This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. https://repository.brynmawr.edu/bmrcl/vol9/iss2/1 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Salzani: Salzani on Carroll and Richter Joseph Carroll, Reading Human Nature: Literary Darwinism in Theory and Practice. New York: SUNY Press, 2011. 368 pp. ISBN 9781438435220. Virginia Richter, Literature After Darwin: Human Beasts in Western Fiction, 1859-1939. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 272 pp. ISBN 9780230273405. Reviewed by Carlo Salzani, Monash University 1. The year 2009 was the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth and the 150th anniversary of the publication of On the Origin of Species; it was therefore named the "Darwin Year" and was celebrated all over the world by academic conferences and events targeting the general public. -
Metaphor-II Metaphor-II Contents: 10.1 Dead Metaphors 10.2 Conceptual
Metaphor-II Linguistic Stylistics Metaphor-II Figures of Speech Paper Coordinator Prof. Ravinder Gargesh Module ID & Name Lings_P-LS10 Metaphor-II Content Writer Dr. V.P. Sharma Email id [email protected] Phone 9312254857 Contents: 10.1 Dead Metaphors 10.2 Conceptual Metaphor Theory 10.3 Extended Metaphor 10.4 Mixed Metaphor 10.5 Metaphor in Literary and Non-literary discourse 10.1 Dead Metaphors We have noted that a metaphor is characterized by linguistic deviation. This characteristic allows metaphor, particularly poetic metaphors, to create novel and original combinations of ideas, objects and sensations. But as they come into common use, the novelty wears off and there is no perception of semantic deviation. More significantly, they lose their iconicity: in ‘root cause of the problem’ or ‘heated argument’, the original metaphor has lost its figurative ‘charge’; ‘root cause of a problem’ is simply the ‘fundamental reason for the occurrence of the problem’, and ‘heated argument ‘ is another expression for ‘angry exchange of words’. Such metaphors are dead metaphors. But metaphors never really die. The metaphors that ‘die’ in poetic language come to ‘live’ in ordinary language. The habit of words to extend their meaning by metaphor and then cease to be metaphorical is a fact of language. It further allows metaphors to be used to fill gaps in vocabulary: leg of a table, wings of a building, clock hands, World Wide Web, crashing or hanging (as in computer hangs), surf, crash course. In such cases of metaphorical extensions, there are no literal substitutes for these expressions. This is true of all languages. -
Creating Literary Analysis
Creating Literary Analysis v. 1.0 This is the book Creating Literary Analysis (v. 1.0). This book is licensed under a Creative Commons by-nc-sa 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/ 3.0/) license. See the license for more details, but that basically means you can share this book as long as you credit the author (but see below), don't make money from it, and do make it available to everyone else under the same terms. This book was accessible as of December 29, 2012, and it was downloaded then by Andy Schmitz (http://lardbucket.org) in an effort to preserve the availability of this book. Normally, the author and publisher would be credited here. However, the publisher has asked for the customary Creative Commons attribution to the original publisher, authors, title, and book URI to be removed. Additionally, per the publisher's request, their name has been removed in some passages. More information is available on this project's attribution page (http://2012books.lardbucket.org/attribution.html?utm_source=header). For more information on the source of this book, or why it is available for free, please see the project's home page (http://2012books.lardbucket.org/). You can browse or download additional books there. ii Table of Contents About the Authors................................................................................................................. 1 Acknowledgments................................................................................................................. 2 Dedications............................................................................................................................ -
I Russian Formalism and Prague Structuralism
I RUSSIAN FORMALISM AND PRAGUE STRUCTURALISM The origins of Russian Formalism date back before the Russian Revolution to the activities of the Moscow Linguistic Circle and the St Petersburg-based group, Opojaz, both of which con cerned themselves with the study of poetic language. The major figures were Victor Shklovsky, Roman Jakobson, Boris Eikhenbaum, Osip Brik and Yury Tynyanov. The Russian Formalists rejected the unsystematic and eclectic critical ap proaches which had previously dominated literary study and endeavoured to create a 'literary science'. As Jakobson put it: The subject of literary science is not literature, but literariness, i.e. that which makes a given work a literary work'. The Formalists were uninterested, therefore, in the representational or expressive aspects of literary texts; they focused on those elements of texts which they considered to be uniquely literary in character. Initially they emphasised the differences between literary language and non-literary or practical language. The best known Formalist concept is that of 'defamiliarisation' (ostranenie) , a concept particularly associated with Shklovsky and discussed in his 'Art as Device', first published in 1917, where he argues that art renews human perception through creating devices which undercut and undermine habitual and automatised forms of perception. In later Formalism the emphasis shifted from the relation between literary and non-literary language to the linguistic and formal aspects ofliterary texts themselves. Jakobson and Tynyanov argued that literary devices themselves also became familiar. They shifted the focus to the means by which certain devices become dominant in literary texts and take on a defamiliarising role in relation to other devices or aspects of the text which are perceived in familiar or automatic terms. -
On Dialogic Speech” Have Previously Appeared in PMLA 112.2 (1997) and Are Used by Permission
SUBWAY LINE, N o. 13 Philosophica l Thinking is Yoga for the Mind ® Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc. provides a publication venue for original philosophical thinking steeped in lived life, in line with our motto: philosophical living & lived philosophy. Lev Petrovich Yakubinsky ON LANGUAGE & POETRY Three Essays Translated from the Russian, edited and with an Introduction by Michael Eskin Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc. New York • 2018 Published by Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc. P. O. Box 250645, New York, NY 10025, USA www.westside-philosophers.com / www.yogaforthemind.us English translation copyright © 2018 by Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc. The colophon is a registered trademark of Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc. Parts o f “On Dialogic Speech” have previously appeared in PMLA 112.2 (1997) and are used by permission. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or oth - erwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. For all permissions inquiries for any of our titles, contact the publisher or Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Dan - vers, MA 01923, USA (www.copyright.com). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Yakubinsky, Lev Petrovich, 1892-1945 author. | Eskin, Michael translator editor. Title: On language & poetry : three essays / Lev Petrovic h Yaku - binsky ; translated from the Russian, edited, and with an intro - duction by Michael Eskin. Other titles: On language and poetry Description: New York : Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc., | Series: Subway line ; no. 13 | Includes index. -
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Theoretical Framework in This
ADLN Perpustakaan Universitas Airlangga CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Theoretical Framework In this chapter, the writer will explain about the theory which is applied to analyze Rabbit Hole play as the chosen literary work in this study. Regarding the statement of the problem, the theory which is used in this study is New Criticism; which means the approach based only on the text itself. Besides explaining about New Criticism as the main theory and several formal elements such as characterization, plot, symbol, and also the theme which is the main idea of the story, this chapter also contains related studies with the similar issue that can support this study. There will be three related studies for this study that will be discussed in the end of this chapter. First, the writer will explain about the main theory; that is New Criticism. New Criticism is an approach which focuses on the text itself to find the meaning of a literary work. New Criticism refuses to pay attention to the external factors such as author’s background, reader’s response, and another factor which is not merely about the text of literary work. According to Tyson, the external factors such as author’s background cannot always be a guide to provide information to analyze a literary work (Tyson 136), because New Criticism focuses only on the text, Skripsi BECCA’S SURVIVAL ATTEMPT AFTER THE DEATH OF HER BELOVEDLUTFITA MAUDY PRASTIKASARI SON IN DAVID LINDSAY-ABAIRE’S RABBIT HOLE: A NEW CRITICISM STUDY ADLN Perpustakaan Universitas Airlangga the validity of the text meaning is reasonable. -
The Anxiety of Influence: a Theory of Poetry Free
FREE THE ANXIETY OF INFLUENCE: A THEORY OF POETRY PDF Prof. Harold Bloom | 208 pages | 03 Jul 1997 | Oxford University Press Inc | 9780195112214 | English | New York, United States The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry - Harold Bloom - Google книги Professor Bloom Yale; author of Blake's Apocalypse,and Yeats, interprets modern poetic history — the history of poetry in a Cartesian climate — in terms of Freud's "family romance After graduating from Yale, Bloom remained there The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry a teacher, and was made Sterling Professor of Humanities in Bloom's theories have changed the way that critics think of literary tradition and has also focused his attentions on history and the Bible. He has written over twenty books and edited countless others. He is one of the most famous critics in the world and considered an expert in many fields. In he became a founding patron of Ralston College, a new institution in Savannah, Georgia, that focuses on primary texts. Harold Bloom. Harold Bloom's The Anxiety of Influence has cast its own long shadow of influence since it was first published in Through an insightful study of Romantic poets, Bloom puts forth his central vision of the relations between tradition and the individual artist. Although Bloom was never the leader of any critical "camp," his argument that all literary texts are a response to those that precede them had an enormous impact on the practice of deconstruction and poststructuralist literary theory in this country. The book remains a central work The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry criticism for all students of literature and has sold over 17, copies in paperback since Written in a moving personal style, anchored by concrete examples, and memorably quotable, Bloom's book maintains that the anxiety of influence cannot be evaded-- neither by poets nor by responsible readers and critics. -
Rap God: Russian Formalism Analysis
RAP GOD: RUSSIAN FORMALISM ANALYSIS A GRADUATING PAPER Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Gaining the Bachelor Degree in English Literature By: Ahmad Ridwan Malik 14150029 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ADAB AND CULTURAL SCIENCES STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA 2019 A FINAL PROJECT STATEMENT I certify that this graduating papsr is definitely my own work. I arn compietely responsible for the content of this graduating paper. Other wrjter's opinions or findings included in the graduating paper are quoted or cited in accordance with ethical standard. Yogyakttrta,March 10tll,2019 Stud. Reg. No. 14150029 KEMENTERIAN AGAMA UNIVERSITAS ISLANI NEGERI SUNAN KALIJAGA FAKULTAS ADAB DANILMU BUDAYA Jl.Marsda Adisucipto Tclp.(0274)513949 Fax (0274)552883 Yogyakarta 55281 PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR Nomor:B-219/Un 02/DA/PP 00.9/05/2019 Tugas Akhir dengan judul : RAP GOD: RUSSIAN FORMALISM ANALYSIS yang dipersiapkan dan disusun oleh: Nama : AHMAD zuDWANMALIK Nomor Induk Mahasiswa : 14150029 Telah diujikan pada : Senin, l l Maret 2019 Nilai ujian Tugas Akhir : B+ dinyatakan telah diterima oleh Fakultas Adab dan Ilmu Budaya UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta TIPI UJIAN TUGAS AKHIR Ketlla Sidang 飩玲 Ulyal Rctno Sari,SS M.Hum NIP.197711152005012002 ρ ¨ Danial IIidayatullah,SS,M Hum Aninda tti siWi,S.Pd,M Pd NIP 19760405 200901 l o16 NIP 19851011 201503 2 004 l Marct 2019 lijaga Budaya θ9/a5/2o7θ KEPIENTRIノ ぜヾAGAMA REPUBLIK INDONESIA UNⅣERSITASISLAM NEGERISUNAN KALIJAGA 畿 FAKULTAS ADAB DAN ILⅣ 側 BUDAYA Jl,Marstt Adi Sucipto Yogyab蔵 55281 Telp./Fax.(0274) al● 513949 Web : http : /ladab.uin-suka. ac. id Emaill adabの uin_suka.ac.id NOTA DINAS HalI Slcipsi Ahlad Ridwall卜Ialik Yth. -
1 5 October 2015 15 January 2021 EVALUATION of ALEKSEI
Queen Mary, University of London Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK Telephone + 44 (0)20 7882 8330 Facsimile + 44 (0)20 8980 5400 School of Languages, Linguistics and Film Email [email protected] Website www.sllf.qmul.ac.uk Incorporating Comparative Literature and Culture Film Studies French German Iberian and Latin American Studies Linguistics Russian The Language Centre Centre for Anglo-German Cultural Relations Centre5 October for Catalan 2015 Studies 15 January 2021 EVALUATION OF ALEKSEI LOKHMATOV’S PhD DISSERTATION A lot of effort has gone into this dissertation; its author demonstrates comprehensive knowledge of the field and has conducted ample research, including work in the archives, interviews, etc. The sheer scope of the submitted text is rather impressive. I can thus wholeheartedly recommend a solid “magna cum laude” (1.0). Having said this, I am aware that the dissertation may well be seen by specialists in the field as not entirely original in terms of its contribution to existing knowledge, or indeed in terms of its overall interpretation of the most important public debates that took place in Poland during the first post-war decade (1945-1956). What follows are some 1 recommendations, some of which must be heeded before the dissertation is finalised; others could be reflected upon as the candidate turns the dissertation into a book. The dissertation would benefit from indicating more directly where its novelty lies. At present, it often reads as a summative account of existing research, and it is sometimes difficult to ascertain how much of what is said is new, and how much relies on other scholars’ accounts of the debates under consideration (and there is already, as Lokhmatov aptly demonstrates, formidable research on each of the strands of Polish intellectual history examined in the dissertation). -
The Prison-House of Language
Princeton E ssays in L iterature Advisor)' Committee: Robert Fagles, A. Bartlett Ciamatti, Claudio Guillen, Theodore Ziolkowski ( For a list of the other titles in this series, see page following index.) The Prison-House of Language A Critical Account of Structuralism and Russian Formalism B y F r e d t . i c J a m e s o n Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. Copyright © 1972 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press. Princeton and London .I I I Wights Rksluved L C . Card: 78-173757 I S B N'.: 0-69141316-0 (paperback edn.) I.S.B.N.: 0-09Wlfi226-f> ( hardcover cdn.) First nusceroN iMftABACK Edition. 1974 Scamd Hardcover Printing. 1974 This book h*2 Iteen composed in Ijuotvpc Caledonia rrinted in tic United stares of America hy Princeton University Press. Frmeeton, New Jerscs This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not. by way of trade, lie lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise disposed of without the :>ubli>herN consent, in anv form of himling or cover other than that in which it is published. Preface The history of thought is the history of its models. Clas sical mechanics, the organism, natural selection, the atomic nucleus or electronic field, the computer: such are some of the objects or systems which, first used to organize our understanding of the natural world, have then been called upon to illuminate human reality. The lifetime of any given model knows a fairly predicta ble rhythm. Initially, the new concept releases quantities of new energies, permits hosts of new perceptions and dis coveries , causes a whole dimension of new problems to come Into view, which result in turn in a volume of new work and research.