Grace Jun Dissertation
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UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Moving Hip Hop : : Corporeal Performance and the Struggle Over Black Masculinity Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/912209hv Author Jun, Grace Shinhae Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Moving Hip Hop: Corporeal Performance and the Struggle Over Black Masculinity A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Drama and Theatre by grace shinhae jun Committee in charge: University of California, San Diego Professor Nadine George, Chair Professor Patrick Anderson Professor Ross Frank University of California, Irvine Professor Stephen Barker Professor Frank Wilderson III 2014 Copyright grace shinhae jun, 2014 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of grace shinhae jun is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm: Chair University of California, San Diego University of California, Irvine 2014 iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to the young men and women who began this movement we call hip hop. And to my 엄마, Jae Hee Jun. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page .......................................................................................................... iii Dedication ................................................................................................................. iv Table of Contents ...................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... vii Vita ............................................................................................................................ x Abstract ..................................................................................................................... xi INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 Hip Hop History and Scholarship ................................................................. 4 Cultural Ownership and Authority ................................................................ 10 Black Masculinity ......................................................................................... 13 The Dancing Body ........................................................................................ 18 Methods and Chapter Descriptions ............................................................... 20 CHAPTER 1 – BLACK MASCULINIZING THE CLASSICS: WILL POWER’S THE SEVEN .................................................................................................. 24 The Seven ...................................................................................................... 27 Hip Hop: A Terrible Crisis ........................................................................... 28 Flipping the Script ......................................................................................... 34 Staging Institutional Violence ....................................................................... 41 The Curse: The N-Word ............................................................................... 45 Polynices and the Forest are the Alternative ................................................. 48 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 50 CHAPTER 2 – DANCING ON THE CROOKED LINE: RENNIE HARRIS CORPOREAL GRIOT .................................................................................. 53 Hip Hop Dance ............................................................................................. 55 Rennie Harris Puremovement ....................................................................... 59 Rome & Jewels (2000) .................................................................................. 67 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 74 CHAPTER 3 – GENTRIFIED HIP HOP: RACE AND RE-CONQUEST IN STEP UP 2: THE STREETS .................................................................................... 77 Gentrifying Hip Hop Dance .......................................................................... 80 The New Hip Hop: Multicultural Hip Hop Dance Films ............................. 83 Erasure .......................................................................................................... 87 Moving Away From The Streets ................................................................... 90 The Final Battle: You Can Have The Basement, We’ll Reclaim v The Streets .......................................................................................... 94 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 98 CHAPTER 4 – BLACK MASCULINITY, APPROPRIATION, AND THE GLOBAL IN BENSON LEE’S PLANET B-BOY .......................................................... 101 The Rise of B-Boy Crews ............................................................................. 103 Battle of the Year .......................................................................................... 106 Planet B-boy .................................................................................................. 108 The Flashdance Effect .................................................................................. 111 Korean B-Boys in Cultural Contexts ............................................................ 117 French B-Boys in Cultural Contexts ............................................................. 121 US B-Boys in Cultural Contexts ................................................................... 123 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 124 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................... 127 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 130 vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the love and support of many people, I apologize if I have left anyone out. First I express my deepest gratitude to Will Power for his artistry, generosity, and friendship. I am thankful for the opportunities to both collaborate and research his work. To Dr. Rennie Harris for his generosity and for his knowledge. His work is deeply profound and I am honored to research his pioneering work in forging such a critical path for hip hop dance. To Dr. George Lipsitz for his scholarship and for encouraging the artist scholar in me, emphasizing the importance of the artist’s voice. To my cohort and fellow graduate students: Thank you for the conversations, the friendships, and the encouragement. Jade Power Sotomayor, Rana Salimi, Fan Liao, Donovan Sherman, Aimee Zygmonski, Heather Ramey, Julie Burelle, and Lily Kelting. For her guidance and encouragement I thank my chair and friend Nadine George- Graves. I would have not entered the program without her mentoring and support. To the members of my committee, Frank Wilderson III, Stephen Barker, Ross Frank and Patrick Anderson. Their willingness, knowledge, and feedback kept my aspirations high and gave me the space to articulate my research as artist. To my colleagues at San Diego City College and UCSD thank you for providing at atmosphere of professionalism and integrity. Terry Wilson, Patricia Rincon, Alicia Rincon, Debi Toth, Terri Shipman, Kristin Arcidiacono. For the participation, discussions, and presentations of my hip hop classes both at UCSD and City College; I thank my students, particularly San Diego City College Spring vii 2014 and UCSD Winter and Spring 2014 classes. I also am indebted to Cat Corral and the TranscenDANCE Youth Arts dancers for always welcoming into their space. My mentors and colleagues Jean Isaacs, Tammy L. Wong, Allyson Green, and Rebecca Bryant have provided much inspiration and guidance and I thank them for continuing to support me throughout all my endeavors. To my bkSOUL and Collective Purpose family who inspire me to create art and spread our love of hip hop. Lavina Rich, Lauren Dockweiler, Keomi Tarver, Anna Spalding, Nick Zavala, Ian Isles, Brianna Bellamy, Angel Acuña, Jaime Nixon, Ant Black, Kendrick Dial, Rudy Francisco, Christopher Wilson, Miesha Rice-Wilson, Glen Llorin (DJ Krazy Kut), and Jesse Mills. I am grateful for the friendship and artistry shared with Arash Haile (DJ Shammy Dee) and for “brilliance at one in the morning”. Thank you for your beats and love. Thank you to the other gracious people who have provided insight and support throughout this process: Marcus McGee, Tyson Rose, Sabela Grimes. Jay Perez, Dr. Daniel Banks, Dawud Kiragu, Marty Wollesen, Dr. Gabriele Wienhausen, DJ Kuttin Kandi, and to dance scholars Dr. Thomas DeFrantz, Brenda Dixon Gottschild, and Dr. Katrina Hazzard-Donald, whose work was essential and provided a framework for my own contributions. To my family for going above and beyond to help me finish: My mother and father (Jae Hee Jun and Rev. Gil Sung Jun) for providing a nurturing home, for delicious meals, and for being with my children so I could write. And finally to my husband, Dr. Jesse Mills, for his