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APR 14 2005 LIBRARIES an Evaluation of the State of Affairs of Grid Computing: Current and Future Projections

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APR 14 2005 LIBRARIES an Evaluation of the State of Affairs of Grid Computing: Current and Future Projections An Evaluation of the State of Affairs of Grid Computing: Current and Future Projections by Mesbah Haque MEng., Civil and Environmental Engineering (IT), MIT, 2003 B.S., Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts - Lowell, 2001 Submitted to the System Design and Management Program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY [it. l e 2 e J FEBRUARY 2005 0 2005 Mesbah Haque. All rights reserved The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of Author: ............. ........................ I 4V Mesbah Haque System Design and Management Program January 10, 2005 Certified by: ...................... ............. .......... John R. Williams Associate Professor, Depa ent of Civil & Environmental Engineering Thesis Supervisor MASSACHUSETTS INS E OF TECHNOLOGy APR 14 2005 LIBRARIES An Evaluation of the State of Affairs of Grid Computing: Current and Future Projections By Mesbah Haque Submitted to the System Design and Management Program on January 14, 2005, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Engineering and Management ABSTRACT Grid computing has a potential market opportunity of $12 billion by 2007 [6] and recent business strategy alignment to support Grid Computing by the major vendors like IBM, SUN, Oracle and others has resulted in high interests in numerous 'Grid Computing' products and solutions offered. The different frameworks and standards have also led to confusion in the industry as to the 'right' way of implementing Grid Computing. There is a tremendous need today for massive computing cycles to evaluate various business and engineering decisions and businesses are under continuous pressure of high infrastructure costs and lack of flexibility and reliability [4]. There are already various solutions that have evolved over decades to meet these needs but there is no overwhelming adoption of such technologies by corporations unlike in academia. The thesis is derived from this need to attempt to clarify the current and future state of Grid Computing by evaluating the various standards and implementations available. A hierarchy of Types of Grid is also presented. Several case studies are also used to illustrate the effect of current technology implementations and their benefits. Future predictions of the market and technology drivers are also presented based on interviews and available research data. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. John R. Williams Title: Associate Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, IESL Director ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I dedicate this thesis to my family andfriends for providing me with inspirationand encouragement. I would like to thank my parents, Mozharul Haque and Zulekha Begum, for all their sacrifice, support and hard work to get me to where I am today and always encouraging me to achieve higher. My special thanks to my dearest wife, Maliha, for her support, encouragement and help. I am thankful to my brothers: Manny and Roma for their encouragement and support. My special thanks to my endearing nephews, Zeshan and Samee for keeping me distracted by their cuteness. I would like to thank my thesis advisor Dr. John R. Williams for his tutelage, support and friendship throughout my learning process at MIT and believing in me to deliver. I will always be grateful to him. I would like to thank Mark Dailey and Manny for providing me with remarkable help and support from EDS. I would also like thank Sharon Green and Ed Reynolds at EDS for their time and valuable insights. I would also like to thank Michael Sheets at IBM Innovation Center for his help. I am also thankful to Helen Trimble for her help and friendship. I am thankful to my new friends at SDM for their help, support and friendship. You know who you are. I would like to give special thanks to my dear friend, Sharon E. Walcott for her friendship, support, encouragement and help. I am also thankful to my friends Omar Hoda and Marco Ambrosoli for their help and support. Lastly, but most importantly, I would like to thank God for blessing me with the opportunity to pursue my education this far. Table of Contents T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S ............................................................................................................................ 4 L IS T O F F IG U RE S ...................................................................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER 1 INRODUCTION TO GRID COMPUTING ...................................................................... 7 1.1 G R ID C O M P U T IN G ........................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 ORIGINS OF GRID COMPUTING................................................................................................. 9 1.3 MARKET FOR GRID COMPUTING ............................................................................................ 11 1.4 GRID COMPUTING COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE ................................................................. 15 CHAPTER 2 GRID COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................... 18 2.1 GRID COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE INTRODUCTION AND IT EVOLUTION.................. 18 2.2 GRID COMPUTING ATTRIBUTES............................................................................................. 20 2.3 GRID COMPUTING STANDARD .............................................................................................. 22 2.3.1 Globus Toolkit Standard ........................................................................................................ 24 2.3.2 Grid Architecture and Internet ................................................................................................. 26 2.3.3 Grid and Web Services Standard Convergence (WSRF)........................................................ 28 2.4 GRID COMPUTING CATEGORIES ............................................................................................ 29 2 .4 .1 C o mp u te G rid ............................................................................................................................. 2 9 2 .4 .2 D ata G rid .................................................................................................................................... 3 0 2 .4 .3 O p tim ization G rid ...................................................................................................................... 3 1 2.5 APPLICATIONS OF GRID COMPUTING................................................................................... 31 2 .5 .1 IB M O n-D em and ....................................................................................................................... 32 Grid ...............................................................................................................................2 .5 .2 S u n N 35 I 2 .5 .3 O racle lOg .................................................................................................................................. 3 8 2 .5 .4 M icro so ft G rid ............................................................................................................................ 4 0 2.5.5 H P A daptive E nterprise.............................................................................................................. 42 2.5.6 Gridbus - Open Source Grid Initiative ................................................................................... 43 2.5.7 GridGarden.NET - A Microsoft .NET based Grid Framework from MIT ............... 45 CHAPTER 3 CURRENT STATE OF AFFAIRS IN GRID COMPUTING AND IM P LE M E N T A T IO N S.............................................................................................................................. 48 3.1 GRID COMPUTING TODAY - CURRENT STATE OF AFFAIRS............................................. 48 3.2 INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE - HIERARCHY FOR TYPES OF GRID COMPUTING......... 50 3.3 IBM CASE STUDY: HEWITT ASSOCIATES................................................................................ 53 3.4 SUN CASE STUDY - AXYZ ANIMATION, INC........................................................................ 55 3.5 ORACLE CASE STUDY - CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE ................................................... 58 4 CHAPTER 4 INDUSTRY FUTURE OF GRID COMPUTING ............................................................. 61 4.1 M A RK ET FO RECA ST ..................................................................................................................... 61 4.2 TECHN O LO G Y A N D STAN D ARD S D IRECTION ....................................................................... 63 4.3 IND U STRY PER SPECTIV ES .......................................................................................................... 65 C H APTER 5 D ISC U SSIO N S A ND C O N CLU SION S ........................................................................... 66 5.1 D ISCU SSION S .................................................................................................................................. 66 5.2 CO N CLU SION S ............................................................................................................................... 67 RE FER EN C ES ..........................................................................................................................................
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