Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47724-6 — the Beatles and Sixties Britain Marcus Collins Index More Information

Home , Apple (artwork), Apple Boutique, Bagism, Cold turkey, In His Own Write

Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47724-6 — The Beatles and Sixties Britain Marcus Collins Index More Information

Index

1910 Fruitgum Company, 130 Arnold, Matthew, 114, 119, 122, 142, 163 1968 (year), 13, 156, 200 Arnold, P. P., 79 7 Days (periodical), 10, 154 Artaud, Antonin, 187 Arts Council, 145, 161 Aaronovitch, David, 169 arts funding, 144–5, 158, 161 Abba, 201 Asher, Jane, 106 Aberdare, Lord (George Lyndhurst Bruce), 162 Association of Child Care Officers, 68 abortion, 27, 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38, 39, 43, 44, atheism, 20, 31, 35, 37, 39, 42, 79, 91, 92 See also birth control Atholl, Duke of (John Murray), 163 Acheson, Dean, xiii Attlee, Clement, 34 Addison, Paul, 15 Auckland, Lord (Ian Eden), 163 Adorno, Theodor, 114, 171 Auden, W. H., 8, 122, 136 affluence, 62, 147, 163 Australia, 73, 84 age of majority, 33, 34 avant-garde, 4, 77, 135–6, 187 AIDS, 203 Avedon, Richard, 137 Aitken, Jonathan, 61 Aldermaston March, 169, 171 Bach, Johann Sebastian, 124, 125, 128, 144, 147, Aldridge, Alan, 138 164 Ali, Tariq, 177, 178, 191, 194, 195 Bacon, Alice, 109, 167 All My Loving, 128 Bagism, xi, xv, xvi, 86, 90, 106 Allen, Peter, 203 Bailey, David, 138, 195 Allsop, Kenneth, 78, 121, 126 Bailey, Robert, 70 Alvarez, Al, 122 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 14, 15 Americanisation, 59, 66, 67, 68, 84, 169, 170, Balfour, Lord (Harold Balfour), 188 173, 175 Band Aid, 201 Amis, Kingsley, 122 Barbirolli, John, 124, 134 AMM, 135 Barker, George, 89 anarchism, 179–87 Barker, Howard, 149 Anarchy (journal), 154, 181, 184 Barnard, Roger, 184 Anderson, Perry, 171, 175, 176, 192 Barnes, Clive, 66 Angry Brigade, 96, 186 Barock and Roll Ensemble, The Angry Young Men, 119, 185, 198 EPs Animals, The, 68, 70 Eine Kleine Beatlemusik, 125 Anne, Princess, 64 Barron Knights, The, 73 Anthony, Evan, 89 songs Anti-University, 182 ‘Call Up The Groups’,73 Apple, 86, 87, 88, 101, 177, 185 Barrow, Tony, 61, 65, 66, 78, 121, 138 Apple Boutique, xvi, 86, 100, 187 Bart, Lionel, 124 Apple Electronics, 88 Bartók, Béla, 161 Apple Films, 86 BBC, 33, 67, 78, 88, 105, 107, 109, 114, 126, 128, Apple Theatre, 86, 137 143, 144, 158, 182, 200 Apple Scruffs, 83 BBC Written Archives Centre, 10 Aristotle, 139 Beach Boys, The, 12, 152 350

Index 351

Beatlemania, x, xii, xiii, xv, 8, 18, 20, 49, 51, 52, hair, ix, xi, xii, xiv, xv, xvi, 9, 57, 60, 62, 79, 53, 55, 56–60, 64, 66, 68, 69, 70, 72, 80, 80, 97, 121, 158, 159, 167, 173 83, 93, 120, 122, 125–6, 128, 132, 134, later work, 127–39 147, 151, 152, 156, 157, 158, 170, 172, legacy, xi, xvii–xviii, 6, 190–1, 200–3 173, 180, 181–2, 191, 198, 202 lyrics, 75, 85, 87, 124, 136, 141, 158, 174–5 Beatlephobia, xiii, 5, 9, 49, 51–4, 56–7, 58–60, musicianship, 122, 140 64–5, 68–9, 81, 94–5, 98–101, 108–10, patronage, 86 122–6, 139–48, 151, 166, 167–8, 172–9, public image, 80, 81–4, 98–101 202–3 associated with unpopular causes, xiv Beatles Book, 10, 16, 58, 81, 83, 87, 89, 97–8, candour, 83 100–1, 106, 132 celebrity, ix, x, xi, xvi, xvii, 5, 78, 85, 140, Beatles, The 158, 160, 198 albums early popularity, x, xv, 8, 80, 81–2, 84–5, Abbey Road, 111, 128, 134, 154 159, 198 Let It Be, 83, 87 elitism, xiv–xv, 87, 90, 96–7, 99, 101, 108 Please Please Me, 121 ephemerality, 139, 158 Revolver, 77, 93, 128, 130, 132, 138 genius, 128, 138 Rubber Soul, 75, 128 immaturity, 53, 80 Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, 19, intellect, 121 77, 83, 84, 97, 99, 109, 113, 114, 115, later controversy, xiv, 46, 76–111, 167–8, 116, 117, 118, 128, 129, 130, 132, 135, 198–9 137, 138, 148, 174, 185, 196, 203 modern, xi, xv, 4, 197–8 The Beatles, 21, 87, 104, 132, 133, 149, wealth, x, 19, 47, 72, 99, 108, 158, 160, 168, 187 176, 184 White Album, See The Beatles record sales, 18, 77 as atypical, xiv–xvi, 46–7 relationship to 1960s, 2–6, 24–6, 67, 78, as divisive, xi–xiv 110–11, 114–16, 167, 194–203 as iconic, ix–xi religion, 90–3, 158, 184 as preﬁgurative, xvi–xviii songs break-up, xvii, 101, 194 ‘A Day in the Life’, 6, 85, 105, 109, 143, campaigns, 85, 90–1, 199 148, 192 class identity, 20, 21–2, 175–6 ‘A Hard Day’s Night’, 59, 103 clothing, xi, xiv, 62, 64 ‘All You Need Is Love’, 6, 21, 79, 87, 96, concerts, See also Cavern Club; 186 Apple rooftop (1969), 83, 87 ‘And Your Bird Can Sing’,87 Budokan Hall (1966), 154 ‘Back in the USSR’, 148 Royal Variety Performance (1963), xii, ‘Birthday’, 141 xiii, 63, 64, 65, 74, 196 ‘Can’t Buy Me Love’, 74, 174 Shea Stadium (1965), x, xi, 74 ‘Come Together’, 79, 85, 87 Southend Odeon (1963), 55 ‘Dear Prudence’,85 drug use, 18, 20, 75, 93, 94, 97, 99, 104–6, ‘Dig A Pony’,96 107–8, 109–10, 158, 167, 184, 197, 203 ‘Eleanor Rigby’, 77, 85, 117, 136, 141, 149 education, 121, 122–3 ‘For No One’, 136 EPs ‘From Me to You’, xv, 103, 174 Magical Mystery Tour, 100 ‘Get Back’, 132 ﬁlms ‘Getting Better’, 148, 174 A Hard Day’s Night, 56, 57, 61, 62, 63, 83, ‘Goodnight’, 141 121, 123, 141 ‘Hello Goodbye’, 148 Help!, 64, 83, 123, 141, 187 ‘Help!’, 69, 74 Let It Be, 83, 88, 89, 141 ‘Hey Jude’, 87, 100, 136 Magical Mystery Tour, xv, xvi, 77, 83, 86, ‘I Am The Walrus’, 104, 154 88, 100, 107, 141, 175 ‘I Saw Her Standing There’, 124 Yellow Submarine, 83, 100, 137, 141 ‘I Wanna Be Your Man’, 124

352 Index

Beatles, The (cont.) Beloff, Max, 64, 144, 145, 146 ‘I Want to Hold Your Hand’, 120, 125 Belz, Carl, 118 ‘Lady Madonna’, 77, 100, 132 Benn, Tony, 159, 166 ‘Let It Be’,87 Best, Pete, 158 ‘Love Me Do’, 8, 244 betting, See gambling ‘Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds’, 167 Beverly Hillbillies, The,68 ‘Magical Mystery Tour’,85 Beyond the Fringe, 228 ‘Norwegian Wood’,92 Biafran War, 80, 89, 95, 177 ‘Not a Second Time’, 120, 199 Biggs-Davison, John, 189 ‘Nowhere Man’,85 Bilbow, Tony, 128 ‘Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da’,87 Bilk, Acker, 19 ‘Penny Lane’, 77, 83, 114 Birch, Laura, 184 ‘Piggies’,87 Birchall, Ian, 171, 174 ‘Please Please Me’,x,8 Bird, Donna, 202 ‘Rain’, 85, 87, 136 Birley, Annabel, 62 ‘Revolution’, 87, 100, 174, 175, 176, 177, birth control, 27, 33, 34, 35, 37, 43, 197, 202 183 BIT, 86 ‘Revolution 9’, 89, 135 Black Dwarf, 116, 154, 172, 174, 176, 177, 189, ‘Sexy Sadie’, 136 192 ‘Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band’, Black Dyke Mills Band, The, 140 85 Black Papers on Education, 142 ‘She Loves You’, xv, 49, 80 Black Power movement, xi, 79, 98, 178, 199 ‘She’s Leaving Home’, 85, 141, 174 Black, Cilla, 126, 131, 201 ‘Strawberry Fields Forever’, 77, 83, 114, Blackburn, Robin, 177, 178, 194, 195 148, 192 Blair, Tony, 21 ‘Taxman’, 152, 156 Blake, George, 186 ‘The Commonwealth Song’, 152 Blake, Peter, 137 ‘The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill’, Blake, William, 25, 139 85 blues, 125, 131, 140 ‘The End’, 85, 96 Bold, Alan, 146 ‘The Fool on the Hill’,87 Bond, James, 66, 201 ‘The Inner Light’,85 Booker, Christopher, 92, 108, 147, 195 ‘Think for Yourself’,85 Boothroyd, Basil, 152, 153 ‘This Boy’, 120, 148, 149 Boulez, Pierre, 144 ‘Tomorrow Never Knows’, 105 Bowen, Elizabeth, 138 ‘With a Little Help from My Friends’,85 Bowie, David, 12, 201 ‘Within You Without You’, 87, 174, 176 Bowles, Geoff, 172 ‘The Word’,85 Boy George, 201 ‘Yellow Submarine’, 6, 77, 87, 139, 140 Boyd, Jim, 174 ‘Yesterday’, 75, 134 Boyd, Pattie, 61, 67, 108, 110 songwriting, 3–4, 74, 113, 114, 115, 121, Braddon, Russell, 52 123–4, 133, 139–40 Brahms, Johannes, 126, 138, 164 Beats, 73, 180, 185 Braine, John, 250 Beck, Jeff, 180 Braun, Michael, 16 Becker, Jillian, 141 Braybrooke, Arthur, 153 Beckett, Alan, 171, 175 Breach, Ian, 133 Bed-Ins, xi, xvi, 19, 86, 89–90, 99, 101, 106, 111, Brecht, Bertolt, 137 156, 177 Brexit, 7 Bee Gees, The, 132, 201 Brien, Alan, 62, 125 Beeching, Richard, 160 Britain Can Make It, 66 Beer, Samuel, 3 British Board of Film Censors, 33, 107 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 4, 95, 115, 116, 122, British Cartoon Archive, 10 126, 134, 142, 144, 145, 147, 164 British Election Study, 43, 44, 45

Index 353

British Embassy (Washington, DC), 62, 160 Cavern Club, xi, xvi, 51, 52, 54, 61, 163 British Library Sound Archive, 10 censorship, 21, 24, 25, 27, 30, 32, 33, 35, 37, 43, British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA), 7 44, 45, 46, 67, 104, 105, 106–7, 145, 160 Britten, Benjamin, 92 Centre 42, 117 broadcasting, 32, 67, 83, 126, 128, 143–4, 145, Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies See also BBC, ITV, pirate radio, (CCCS), 172, 173, 187, 191 Rediffusion Chambers, Clyndwr, 95 Brook, Peter, 137 Channon, Paul, 167 Brooke, Barbara, 162 Chaplin, Sid, 125, 126 Brown, Callum, 28, 31, 69 Chapman, Mark, 178 Brown, Sandy, 140 Charles, Prince, 64 Brown, Timothy Scott, 8 Chicago (band), 134 Bruce, Jack, 177 Chichester, Francis, x, 46 Buchanan, Richard, 165 Chounara, Imti, 178 Buckle, Richard, 115, 116, 149 Christgau, Robert, 118 Buddhism, 182 Christianity, 31, 79, 80, 85, 90, 91, 92, 147, 148, Burgess, Anthony, 56, 116, 126, 140, 141, 142, 196, 199 144, 149 liberal, 69–71, 80, 92 Burma, 67 Christie, Ian, 141 Burroughs, William, 137 Church of England, 33, 70, 71, 80, 109, 186 Bush, Alan, 172, 173, 174 Church Times, 10, 70, 80 Butcher, Herbert, 163 Churchill, Winston, 46, 66, 67, 95, 110, 111 Butler, Rab, xv, 160 Cinematograph Exhibitors’ Association, 122 Bygraves, Max, 203 City of London, 63 Byrne, Johnny, 104 Civilisation (TV series), 146 Clapton, Eric, 125, 132, 180, 201 Cage, John, 92, 135 Clark, Lord (Kenneth Clark), 146 Calder-Marshall, Arthur, 116 Clark, T. J., 183 Callaghan, James, 35 Clark, William, 162 Calman, Mel, 138 class, 49, 60–5, 72–3, 78, 129, 179 Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), classlessness, 60–2 154, 180, See also Aldermaston March fans, 61–2 Canada, 73 meritocracy, 61, 72–3, 163, 165–6 cannabis, xvii, 7, 35, 36, 37, 74, 86, 105, 106, snobbery, xii, xiii, 62–3, 64–5 167, 177, 182 classical music, 3–4, 114–15, 116, 124, 125, Cannon, Geoffrey, 128, 129, 138 133–6, 140–1, 149, 161, 173 Canterbury, Archbishop of (Michael Ramsey), Clayton, Peter, 138 33, 69, 80 Cleave, Maureen, 51, 74, 82 capital punishment, 27, 31, 33, 34, 35, 37, 43 Clements, Ben, 28, 30 capitalism, 88, 169, 171 Cloonan, Martin, 189 Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da, 137 Coffman, James T., 81 Cardin, Pierre, 63 cohabitation, xvii, 7, 25, 27, 34, 37, 43, 45 Carey, John, 149 Cohn, Nik, 93, 115, 118, 128, 130, 131 Carlin, M. M., 123 Coldstream Guards, xi Carroll, Lewis, 123 Cole, Peter, 136 Carstairs, G. M., 78 Coleman, Ray, 103 Carter, Pete, 170, 171, 172 Comfort, Alex, 58, 182, 183 cartoons, ix–xviii, 72 Common Market, xiii Cassandra (William Connor), 124 communism, See Marxism Casson, Frederick, 58, 68 Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB), 10, Castro, Fidel, 176 168–9, 171–2 Catholic Church, 35, 73, 91, 109, 147 Music Group, 173 Catholic Herald,10 Political Committee, 191

354 Index

Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist- Danson, Elaine, 89 Leninist), 168, 179 Dave Clark Five, The, xvi, 120 Composers’ Guild, 133 songs Congregational Church, 70 ‘Glad All Over’, 120 Connolly, Ray, 100 Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick and Tich, 132 conservatism, 146, 154 Davies, Hunter, 77, 78, 99, 100, 141 Conservative Party, xv, 21, 39, 45, 61, 151, Davis, Barney, 171, 178 156–7, 162, 167 Dawburn, Bob, 124, 125, 131 contraception, See birth control de Gaulle, Charles, xiii Corke, Hilary, 121, 123 de Hoghton, Charles, 66 Cornelius, Jim, 174 Deakin, John, 138 Coronation Street, 201 death penalty, See capital punishment corporal punishment, 27, 33, 34, 35, 37, 43 Debord, Guy, 185 counterculture, xiv, 10, 13, 17, 18, 27, 37, 42, 75, decolonisation, See imperialism 86, 88, 93, 94, 96, 97, 99, 101, 105, 133, Dee, Dave, 131 147, 167–8, 173, 174, 175, 177, 179, Deedes, William, 55, 61, 153, 162, 165, 166, 182–3, 184–6, 188, 194–5, 196, 200 168, 188, 190 Coward, Noël, 53, 59, 65, 72, 146 delinquency, 51, 54–5, 158, 166–7 Cox, Brian, 142, 143, 144, 146 della Francesca, Piero, 138 Cox, Kyoko, 109 Dene, Terry, 155 Cox, Tony, 108, 109 Deneuve, Catherine, 138 Craig, Ann, 132 Denham, Lord (Bertram Bowyer), 164 Cremonesi, Heather, 195 Denning, Lord (Tom Denning), 84 Crippen, Hawley Harvey, 78 Deryck Cooke, 60, 128, 135, 138 Critchley, Julian, 79 Desert Island Discs, 117 Critical Quarterly, 142 Deviants, The, 183 Croft, Andy, 169 Dhondy, Farrukh, 93 Crosby, Bing, 201 Digger Action Movement, 185 Crosby, John, 195 Disc and Music Echo, 10, 84, 103, 138 Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young, 134 divorce, 7, 27, 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 43, 52, 109 Cross, Joan, 163 Dixon of Dock Green, 164 Crosse, Gordon, 134 Doggett, Peter, 14 Crossman, Richard, 167 Donegan, Lonnie, 19 Crump, John, 176 Donovan, 105 Cuba, 67 Doors, The, 12 cultural hierarchy, xii, 124, 129–30, 133–9, Douglas-Home, Alec, See Home, Lord 142–8, 161, 163–5, 173, 199–200 Douglas-Home, Robin, 61 Culture Club, 201 Dr. No, 244 Cunningham, Knox, 160 drug use, xiv, 7, 24, 25, 27, 30, 32, 33, 36, 37, 43, Curran, Charles, 165 45, 75, 147, 177, 182, 203, See also Beatles, The, cannabis, heroin, LSD Daily Express, 9, 46, 54, 68, 93, 94, 103, 107, 141 Drummond, Norrie, 4 Daily Herald,10 Duchamp, Marcel, 137 Daily Mail, ix, x, 9, 20, 22, 46, 51, 53, 63, 64, 67, Dupuis, Hector, 73 70, 72, 94, 95, 98, 99, 107, 141, 194 Duran Duran, 201 Daily Mirror, 9, 51, 63, 67, 68, 72, 82, 91, 93, 94, Dylan, Bob, 12, 118, 125, 186, 191, 201 96, 101, 103, 109, 123, 124 Daily Telegraph, 9, 51, 56, 64, 70, 81, 123, 125, Eagleton, Terry, 121, 123, 176 126, 133, 141, 143 Eamonn Andrews Show, The,98 Daily Worker, 173, 176 EastEnders, 201 Dallas, Karl, 124, 154, 171 Eastern Bloc, 67, 168, 179, 199 Dance Club, 124 economic policy, x, xvi dancing, 60, 66, 68, 79, 116, 122, 124 Economist, The,10

Index 355

Edinburgh Festival, 85 folk music, 125, 140, 169, 173–4 education, See schools, higher education Fool, The, 187 Egypt, 67 Forbes, Bryan, 91 Ehrenreich, Barbara, 18 Formby, George, 201 Eisteddfod, 202 Foucault, Michel, 45 Elgar, Edward, 142 Fowler, David, 3, 11, 12, 17, 18, 116, 117, 153 Eliot, T. S., 174 Fowler, Pete, 154 Elizabeth II, Queen, 46, 64, 67, 72, 74, 196, 197 Foyle’s Books, 121 Elizabeth, Queen Mother, 63 France, xiii Elliotts of Birtley, 125 Fraser, Robert, 105 EMI, 173 Freedom (newspaper), 186, 189 Encounter,66 Frendz, 10, 101 Engels, Friedrich, 178 Frith, Simon, 154, 188, 191 English Folk Dance and Song Society, 125 Frost, David, 92, 96, 167, 228 Ensor, James, 137 Fryer, Peter, 173, 174, 177 Epstein, Brian, xii, 55, 56, 57, 61, 62, 63, 64, 74, Fuller, Roy, 140, 142, 143, 149 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 94, 99, 101, 103, 105, Furlong, Monica, 58, 92 106, 107, 109, 120, 158, 162, 167, 177, Future in Britain survey, 24, 25, 26, 43, 45 185, 195, 198 Fyvel, T. R., 119 Eskan, Lord Campbell of (Jock Campbell), 166 ethnicity, 27, 30, 32, 33, 42, 44, See also immi- Gaitskell, Lady (Anna Gaitskell), 164 gration, multiculturalism, national Galbraith, John Kenneth, 163 identity, orientalism, racism Gallup, 6, 30, 31, 32, 35, 36, 46, 54 Eton College, xii gambling, 27, 33, 34, 37, 42, 70 Eurocommunism, 179, 191 Gandalf’s Garden, 10, 97 Eurovision Song Contest, 131 Garnett, Alf, xiv Evans, John, 168, 170, 171, 172, 173 Garnett, Tony, 177 Evans, Peter, 82, 195 Gay Liberation Front, 79 Everly Brothers, 202 Geddes, Margaret, 175 extramarital sex, 104, 108, 109, 174, 177 Geldof, Bob, 201 gender, xii, 53–7, 71–2, 79 Fabian, Jenny, 104 androgyny, 53, 57, 79, 147 Fabulous 208,10 boys, 53–5 Fairlie, Henry, 70 girls, 55–60 Fairport Convention, 134 Gendron, Bernard, 115, 118 Faith, Adam, x, 155, 201 General Dental Council, 84 Faithfull, Marianne, 186 generation, xiii–xiv, 27, 30, 33, 38, 42, 43, fans, 17, 18, 52, 129–30, 132–3, 165, 181, See 50–60, 73, 78–9, 96–7, 122, 157, 158, also Beatlemania, Beatles Book 162, 170–1, 172–3, 179–81, 201, 202, adult, 52–3, 126, 145, 158 See also Beatlemania Farren, Mick, 183, 191 Gershwin, George, 123, 133, 140 Fast, Julius, 100 compositions feminism, 57, 79, 175, 199, See also women’s ‘How Long Has This Been Going rights On?’, 140 Festival of Britain, 66 GESIS Data Archive for the Social Sciences, 10 Field, Clive, 28, 31 Gibb, Barry, 131, 132 Fields, Gracie, 85, 201 Gibbins, Ronald, 70, 96 Film Artistes’ Association, See Trade unions Gildart, Keith, 11 Finch, Peter, 97 Gillett, Charlie, 131 Fleming, Peter, 123 Gillies, Douglas, 126 Fletcher, Colin, 54 Gilmour, Ian, 156 Flower, Fred, 51 Gingold, Hermione, 69 Flying Scotsman, The,69 Girl, 10, 58

356 Index

girls’ magazines, 57–8, 77–8 Hardy, Oliver, 137 Gleason, Ralph, 118 Harker, Dave, 21, 22 Gleed, Paul, 114 Harris, Harry, 186 Gloag, Kenneth, 114 Harrison, Brian, 16, 28, 228 Godard, Jean-Luc, 185 Harrison, George, 158 Goddard, Terri, 175 albums Gollan, John, 152 All Things Must Pass,92 Gombrich, Ernst, xvi, xvii Electronic Sound, 135 Goodall, Howard, 3, 4 class identity, 20 Goodman, Lord (Arnold Goodman), 139, 145, cultural interests, xvi, 92, 117, 139 161 drug use, 99, 107, 108, 110 Goodwin, Clive, 177 education, 123, 176 Gorer, Geoffrey, 28, 228, 229 musicianship, 140 Gosling, Nigel, 92, 107 philanthropy, 86, 189 Gosling, Ray, 148 politics, 82, 95, 152, 176 Gould, Jonathan, 100 public image, 64, 67, 82, 83, 88, 93, 99, 176 Graham, John D., 138 religion, 91, 92, 93 Gramophone, 128 songs Gramsci, Antonio, 15, 171 ‘All Things Must Pass’,92 Grapefruit,89 ‘Beware of Darkness’,92 Grateful Dead, The, 12 ‘Isn’t It a Pity’,92 Gray, Christopher, 183, 185, 186, 187 ‘My Sweet Lord’,92 Greater London Council, xv Hart, Lorenz, 123 Greece, 67, 185 Harwood, Harrison, 165 Greene, Hugh Carleton, 33, 107 Hearn, C. V., 73 Greer, Germaine, 8, 88, 175 Heath, Edward, 68, 152, 159 Griffiths, David, 59 Heatwave, 179 Grigg, John, 92 Heffer, Eric, 163, 189 Griggs, Barbara, 107 Heilbronner, Oded, 3, 21, 22, 115, 117, 118, 153 Grimond, Jo, 151, 152 Hendrix, Jimi, 201 Groombridge, Brian, 170 Henri, Adrian, 89, 137 Gross, John, 126 Herman’s Hermits, 131 Grossberg, Lawrence, 188 heroin, 36 groupies, 104 Hertsgaard, Mark, 114 Grundy, Bill, 144 Hess, Elizabeth, 18 Guardian, The, 10, 125, 128, 129, 133 higher education, 64, 94–5, 144, 145, See also Guevara, Che, 192 student radicalism Guildford, Bishop of (George Reindorp), 70 Hill, Lord (Charles Hill), 107 Gunn, Thom, 136, 145 Him, George, 66 Hinduism, 79, 93 hair, xi, xii, xiii, xv, xvi, 49, 52, 53, 54, 64, 66, 67, hippies, See counterculture 68, 70, 130, 160–1, 194, 202 Hitchens, Peter, 20, 21 Halasz, Piri, 195 Hitler, Adolf, 95, 182 Haley, Bill, 201 Hobsbawm, Eric, 119, 122, 140, 153, 169, 170, Hall, G. Stanley, 68 173 Hall, Henry, 201 Hobson, Harold, 136, 137 Hall, Stuart, 120, 126, 170, 171, 173 Hockney, David, 138 Hamblett, Charles, 56, 65 Hogg, Quintin, xv, 93, 99, 108, 146, 155, 167 Hamburg, 8, 103, 104 Hoggart, Richard, 119, 145, 163, 170 Hamilton, Richard, 137, 186, 187 Holbrook, David, 59, 60, 109, 110, 126, 144 Hamm, Charles, 15 Holiday, Billie, 133 hanging, See capital punishment Hollies, The, 132 Hansard,10 Holly, Buddy, 201

Index 357

Home, Lord (Alec Douglas-Home), xi, xv, 61, Jacques, Martin, 176, 179, 191 152, 153, 162, 168, 175, 189 Jagger, Mick, 20, 46, 105, 132, 177, 186 homosexuality, 20, 27, 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 43, 54, James, C. L. R., 182 79, 103, 108 James, Clive, 139, 149 Honey, x, 10, 96 Jameson, Fredric, 114 Hopkin, Mary, 79 Japan, 93, 101 Horn, Gerd-Rainer, 11 Járdányi, Pál, 173 Hornsey College of Art, 89 Jarry, Alfred, 137 Howarth, Jann, 137 Jarry, Gaeten, 73 Hoyland, John, 18, 96, 154, 174, 175, 176, 178, Jarvis, Mark, 27 186, 192 Jasper, Tony, 131 Huckﬁeld, Leslie, 157 jazz, 120, 124–5, 140, 169 Hughes, Donald, 122 Jewell, Derek, 130, 133, 134, 135 Hughes, Emrys, 161 John, Elton, 201 Hume, David, 139 Johns, Jasper, 137 Humperdinck, Engelbert, 83, 130, 131 Johnson, Lyndon B., xi, xv, 168 songs Johnson, Paul, 20, 56, 64, 65, 149, 164, 168, 181 ‘Release Me’,83 Jonathan Cape (publishers), 121 Hunt, Albert, 183, 184 Jones, Allen, 138 Hunter, Bill, 189 Jones, D. A. N., 136, 137 Huxley, Julian, 58 Jones, Tom, 131 Joplin, Janis, 12 Iﬁeld, Frank, x Josephine Butler Society, 167 songs Joyce, James, 123, 143, 199 ‘The Wayward Wind’,x Judaism, 35, 109 illegitimacy, 7, 27, 33, 37, 42, 104, 109 Immediate Records, 149 Karoly, Michael, 66 immigration, xiv, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33, Kaufman, Gerald, 123 35–6, 37, 42, 44, 45, 65, 152, 199 Keller, Hans, 133 imperialism, xii, xiii, 68, 73, 82, 147, 195 Kempton, Murray, 140 Indica, 86 Kennedy, John F., 110 Indonesia, 67 Kenton, Stan, 124 Industrial Workers of the World (Wobblies), Kern, Jerome, 123 180, 181 Kettle, Nick, 174 Institute for Contemporary Arts (ICA), 141 Keyes, Thom, 104 International Marxist Group (IMG), 177, 178 King Mob, 186 International Poetry Incarnation, 75 Kinks, The, 12, 178, 201 International Socialists (IS), 171, 174, 177 Kirkup, James, 136, 138 International Times (IT), 10, 86, 104, 108, 182, Kirkup, Mike, 16 183 Klein, Allen, 111 Internationale Situationniste, 185 Klein, Rudolf, 95 Inter-University Consortium for Political and Klemperer, Otto, 125 Social Research, 10 Kohl, Paul R., 158 Iremonger, Tom, 159 Krishna Consciousness Movement, 92 Irish Guards, 74 Ku Klux Klan, 91 Irish Republican Army (IRA), 178 Kwiatkowska, Alina, 6 Ironside, Virginia, 96, 99 Israel, 67 Labour Party, xv–xvi, 21, 39, 43, 45, 64, 82, 151, ITV, 31, 78 152, 153, 156–7, 160, 161, 162–3, 165, 166, 167, 189 Jackie, 10, 57, 58, 77, 78 Lacan, Jacques, 15 Jacobs, Arthur, 135 Lady Chatterley’s Lover, 30, 110, 111 Jacobs, Gloria, 18 Laing, Dave, 154, 191

358 Index

Lancaster, Osbert, xvii Theatres Act (1968), 33, 34 Landau, Jon, 118 Lemonnier, Bertrand, 153 Larkin, Philip, 28, 136, 228 Lenin, V. I., 159, 191 Laski, Marghanita, 145 Lennon, Cynthia, 100, 104, 106 Late Night Line-Up, 128 Lennon, John, 158, See also Lennon, John, and Launchbury, Mick, 172 Yoko Ono Laurel, Stan, 137 albums Laurie, Peter, 57, 66, 81, 124, 149 Imagine, 178 Law, Roger, 138 art, 89, 92, 107, 108, 142, 160 Leach, Edmund, 79 books, 94, 115, 123, 136, 138, 143, 165, 189 Lear, Edward, 123 A Spaniard in the Works, 104 Leary, Timothy, 105, 183 In His Own Write, 104, 121, 199 Leavis, F. R., 114, 119, 122, 140, 142, 143 class identity, 18, 20, 22, 64, 171, 194 Led Zeppelin, 12, 132 cultural interests, 74, 95, 129, 142, 146, 187, Lee, Edward, 109, 140, 143, 144 199 Lee, Joseph, 72 death, 4, 8, 178, 186, 187, 189, 191 Leeger, Josje, 187 divorce, xiv, 100, 104, 106, 108 Léger, Fernand, 138 drug use, xv, xvii, 21, 74, 109, 110, 160, 167, Legislation 177 Abortion Act (1967), 33 education, 123, 165, 176 Betting and Gaming Act (1960), 33, 34 films British Nationality Act, 33 How I Won The War, 95, 154 British Nationality Act (1948), 32, 34 marriage to Yoko Ono, 104 Children and Young Persons (Harmful migration to United States, 116, 178 Publications) Act (1955), 33 pacifism, 177 Commonwealth Immigrants Act (1962), 33, philanthropy, 86, 177, 178, 185 35 plays Commonwealth Immigrants Act (1968), 33, In His Own Write, 104, 142 36 politics, 16, 21, 74, 79, 82, 87, 95, 96, 154, Criminal Justice Act (1948), 33 170, 174–5, 176, 177–8, 183, 185, 186, Divorce Reform Act (1969), 33, 34 189, 191, 192, 194, 195 Employment Protection Act (1975), 33, 34 private life, 108, 109 Equal Pay Act (1970), 33 public image, 75, 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 89–91, Family Law Reform Act (1969), 33 93, 96, 97, 98, 99, 101, 104, 108, 116, Gaming Act (1968), 33 142, 146, 159, 183, 191, 196, 202 Immigration Act (1971), 33, 36 relationship to 1960s, 194–5 Legitimacy Act (1959), 33, 34 religion, xii, xvi, xvii, 16, 20, 21, 77, 82, 90–1, Marine Broadcasting (Offences) Act (1967), 92, 93, 96, 156 33 return of MBE, xiii, 74, 95, 156 Misuse of Drugs Act (1971) songs Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act ‘Imagine’,20 (1965), 33 ‘The Luck of the Irish’, 178 National Health Service (Family Planning) ‘Power to the People’, 178 Act (1967), 33 ‘Sunday Bloody Sunday’, 178 Obscene Publications Act (1959), 33, 34 ‘Woman is the N****r of the World’, 178 Race Relations Act (1965), 33 ‘Working Class Hero’, 20, 22, 128 Race Relations Act (1968), 33, 35 Lennon, John, and Yoko Ono, xi, xiii, 7, 46, 92, Representation of the People Act (1969), 33 93, 95, 96, 116, 117, See also Bagism, Sex Discrimination Act (1975), 33, 35 Bed-Ins, John Lennon, Yoko Ono Sexual Offences Act, England and Wales albums (1967), 30, 33 Some Time In New York City, 178 Street Offences Act (1959), 33 Unfinished Music No. 1 – Two Virgins, Suicide Act (1961), 33 104, 107, 135

Index 359

Unfinished Music No. 2 – Life with the MacInnes, Colin, 66, 119 Lions, 135 Macleod, Iain, 160 Wedding Album, 149 Macmillan, Harold, xv, 7 art, xvii, 86, 89, 106, 113, 116–17 Madame Tussaud’s, 67 compositions Madonna, 201 ‘God Save Us’,35 Magee, Brian, 139 films, 141 Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, xi, xiv, 90, 91, 92, 93, Self Portrait, 104 96, 117, 146, 148, 162, 167, 184 music, 135 Mahler, Gustav, 113, 133, 199 politics, 19, 80, 175, 186–7, 199 Malevich, Kazimir, 187 public image, 97, 98, 100–8 Man of the Decade, 78, 96 religion, 79–80 Mann, Manfred, 131 Lester, Richard, 61, 123, 187, 195 Mann, William, 15, 66, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, Levin, Bernard, 72, 77, 107, 130 120, 126, 131, 133, 134, 135, 138, 147 Lewis, Arthur, 160 Manson, Charles, 21, 96 Lewis, Ivy, 49 Maoism, 168 Lewis, Ronald, 160 Marcus, Greil, 118 Lewisohn, Mark, 19, 74, 114 Marcus, Steven, 45 Liberace, 238 Marcuse, Herbert, 159 Lichtheim, George, 146, 173 Margaret, Princess, 63, 64, 110, 111 Lill, John, 134 Marley, Bob, 201 Lindberg, Ulf, 115 marriage, xii, 24, 26, See also cohabitation, Listener, The, 10, 127, 128 divorce Liszt, Franz, 134 mixed marriages, 7 literary modernism, 123, 136–7 Martin, George, 3, 12, 99, 115, 116, 140 Live Aid, 201 Marwick, Arthur, 3, 11, 12, 17, 26, 115, 190, 200 Liver Club, 62 Marx, Karl, 159, 178 Liverpool, xiii, 8, 11, 19, 54, 55, 57, 62, 65, 66, Marxism, 21, 122, 153, 168–79, 189, 191, 192, 68, 70, 103, 114, 122, 124, 125, 137, 158, See also Eurocommunism, Maoism, 161, 163, 165, 166, 175, 176, 202 New Left, Trotskyism Scouse dialect, 68 Marxism Today, 154, 171, 189, 191 Liverpool John Moores University Special Mason, Colin, 143 Collections and Archives, 10 Mass-Observation, 28 Liverpool, Archbishop of (George Andrew masturbation, 45, 58, 59–60, 104 Beck), 250 Maughan, Susan, x Liverpool, Bishop of (Clifford Martin), 70 Maxwell Davies, Peter, 92, 113, 134 Lloyd, A. L., 169, 173 May, Derwent, 62 Locke, John, 139 Mayall, John, 180 Logue, Christopher, 128, 129, 136, 141 Mays, John B., 51 Long, Paul, 142 MBEs, xi, xiii, xiv, xvi, 15, 64, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, Loss, Joe, 201 95, 102, 143, 156, 160, 161, 163, 166, Love Affair, 131 167, 172, 177, 189 LSD, xii, 6, 7, 74, 90, 94, 100, 105, 106, 107, 109, McCabe, John, 20 110, 167, 182 McCartney, Paul, 140, 158 Lucie-Smith, Edward, 137 albums Lulu, 201 McCartney, 138 Lynn, Vera, 201 class identity, 20, 171 Lyttleton, Humphrey, 122, 124 cultural interests, 77, 82, 116, 117, 135, 136, 199 Mabey, Richard, 60, 129, 130, 131, 154, 181, drug use, xii, 94, 100, 106, 107, 109, 110, 167, 183, 184 189 MacColl, Ewan, 169, 174 education, 123, 176 MacDonald, Ian, 17, 195, 196, 197 and Magical Mystery Tour,88

360 Index

McCartney, Paul (cont.) mods, 12, 17, 18, 180 marriage to Linda Eastman, 202 and rockers, 30, 55, 166, 173, 201 ‘Paul Is Dead’ hoax, 101 Mods and Rockers (ballet), 66 philanthropy, 86 monarchy, 63–4 politics, 25, 74, 82, 83, 85, 86, 95, 177 Monk, Thelonious, 137 private life, 103, 106 Monkees, The, 83 public image, 80, 82–3, 88, 98, 99, 101 Monteverdi, Claudio, 114, 126 sexual attractiveness, 60, 78 Montgomery, Field-Marshal Viscount McDonnell, John, 137 (Bernard Montgomery), 95, 159, 161 McGear, Mike, 79 Moody Blues, The, 134 McGowan, Cathy, 91 Morgan, Lord (Kenneth O. Morgan), 16, 21, 22 McKinney, Devin, 17 Morris, Desmond, 96, 177 McLaren, Malcolm, 186 Morse-Boycott, Desmond, 70 McLuhan, Marshall, 15 Mortimer, John, 92, 117 McNay, M. G., 129 Moskovskij Komsomolets, 168 McVie, John, 180 Mothers’ Union, 51 Mead, Margaret, 57 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 142 Mellers, Wilfrid, 77, 93, 117, 128, 129, 135, 149 Muggeridge, Malcolm, 59, 68, 93, 122, 139, 142, Melly, George, 72, 73, 93, 124, 128, 131, 138, 143, 144, 147, 148 154, 182, 183, 184 Mulchrone, Vincent, 51, 61, 98, 99 Melody Maker, 10, 71, 83, 91, 96, 103, 104, 105, Muldoon, Roland, 172, 174, 177 106, 110, 130, 163 multiculturalism, 65, 79 Menuhin, Yehudi, 116, 125 Murray, Charles Shaar, 93 Mersey Beat,8 Murray, Mitch, 103 Merseybeat, 18, 57, 62, 65, 66, 68, 125, 159, 165, compositions 166, 180 ‘How Do You Do It?’, 103 Messiaen, Olivier, 92 Music and Life, 154, 168, 170, 173 Methodist Church, xi, 69, 70 Musicians’ Union, See Trade unions methodology, 13–22, 26–9, 36–9, 43, 117–19, musicology, 13, 114, 129, 211 153–4 apoliticism, 20–2 Nash, Graham, 132 detachment, 16–20 Nash, Roy, 122 empiricism, 15–16 National Association of Youth Clubs, 54 historicism, 5, 13–14 National Council of Civil Liberties, 52 scope, 14–15 National Front, 154 sources, 9–10, 119, 153–4 national identity, xi–xii, xvii, 8, 65–9, 71, 79, Miles, Barry, 92, 182, 186 158, 195–6 military, 73–4, 158, 161 declinism, xii–xiii, 56, 65–6, 73, 147, 196 Mill, John Stuart, 139 National Opinion Polls (NOP), 26, 30, 35, 36, Millais, John Everett, 129 38, 39, 46, 94 Millennium Memory Bank, 200, 201, 202, 203 National Theatre, 104 Miller, Jonathan, 121, 123 National Viewers’ and Listeners’ Association, Miller, Karl, 127 68 Mills, Richard, 196 Neill, A. S., 181 Mingus, Charles, 137 Nelson, Elizabeth, 182 miniskirts, xv, xvii, 37, 185 NEMS, xii, 61 Minogue, Kylie, 201 Neville, Richard, 88, 174, 175, 178, 182, 191 Minter family, 52 New Age beliefs, 8, 80, 138 Miscampbell, Norman, 165, 166 New Blackfriars,10 Mitchell, Adrian, 106, 121, 136, 177 New Left, 115, 169–70, 174, 179 Mizen, Tony, 52 New Left Review (NLR), 120, 154, 169, 170, 171 Modern Churchmen’s Union, 70 New Musical Express (NME), 4, 10, 71, 81 Modern Jazz Quartet, The, 125 New Society, 10, 32, 50, 51, 54, 94, 110

Index 361

New Statesman, 10, 59, 64, 116, 164 Oxfam, 83, 84, 177, 251 New York Times, 159 Oz, 10, 35, 86, 88, 182 News of the World, 60, 105 Newsom Report, 163 pacifism, 95–6, 186–7 Nichols, Beverley, 144 Page, Jimmy, 180 Nicholson-Smith, Donald, 183 Palmer, Alix, 94 Night Ride, 128 Palmer, Tony, 15, 77, 78, 89, 93, 96, 107, 108, Nixon, Richard, x 128, 129, 131, 133, 134, 138, 139, 141, Norman, Philip, 195, 196, 197 149 Northern Ireland, 29, 75 Paolozzi, Eduardo, 138 Northern Songs, xi, 63 Papworth, John, 186, 187, 189 Norwich, Bishop of (Launcelot Fleming), 166 parenting, xiii–xiv, 25, 27, 34, 38, 43, 45, 52, 197 Norwich, John Julius, 160 Parker, Charles, 144, 172, 174 Nott, John, 165 Parker, Charlie, 137 Notting Hill riots parliament, xv–xvi, 152, 153, 154–68, 188–9, 1958 riots, 30 190–1, 200 1976 riots, 30 Patey, Edward (Canon of Coventry Cathedral, nudity, xi, xiii, xiv, 46, 104, 107, 108, 109, 160 Dean of Liverpool Cathedral), 70, 84 Nuttall, Jeff, 182, 183, 184 Paul VI, Pope, 82, 250 Nyman, Michael, 140, 144 Pavitt, Lawrie, 163 Peace News, 181, 183, 184 O’Lucian, Reg (pseud.), 184 Pearson, Paul, 73 O’Mahony, Sean, 97, 106 Peel, John, 88, 128 Oasis, 201 Pegler, Alan, 68 obscenity, xiv, 30, 35, 36, 37, 45, 104, 109, 142 Penguin Books, 181 Observer, The, 10, 66, 100, 103, 128, 144 Performing Rights Society, 122 Ogdon, John, 134 periodisation, 3, 7–8, 24, 26, 74–5, 154–6, Oh! Calcutta!, 95, 107, 142 194–7, 202–3 Oldham, Andrew Loog, 149 permissiveness, 2, 5–6, 7, 10, 20–1, 22, 23–47, Olinda and Recife, Archbishop of (Hector 75, 102–10, 146, 160–1, 167–8, 195–7 Câmara), 250 Peter and Gordon, 149 Olympic Games, xvii songs Ono, Yoko, xiv, 80, 86, 89, 98, 104, 108, 113, ‘A World Without Love’, 149 117, 128, 142, 158, 160, 167, 182, 186–7, Petticoat, 10, 78 195, 199, See also Lennon, John, and Philharmonia Orchestra, 124 Yoko Ono Philip, Prince (Duke of Edinburgh), xii, 55, 64, art, 187 68 books Phillips, Pearson, 194, 195, 196, 200 Grapefruit,89 Pink Floyd, 12, 130, 134, 186, 201 music, 135 pirate radio, 30, 33, 36, 158, 161 opinion polls, 6–7, 23–47, 54, 110–11 Pitman, Robert, 52, 96, 105, 109 class differences, 39 Plastic Ono Band, 85, 132 ethnic differences, 29, 42 songs gender differences, 43 ‘Cold Turkey’, 85, 95 generational differences, 7, 39 ‘Give Peace a Chance’, 87, 177 party differences, 45 Plato, 139, 147 regional differences, 42, 45 Pleasants, Henry, 4, 134, 135 Opinion Research Centre (ORC), 31, 32, 110 poetry, 75, 117, 136, 138, 141, 144 Orff, Carl, 92 police, xi, xii, xiii, 72, 107, 160, 202 orientalism, 92–3 Political and Economic Planning (think tank), Osservatore Romano, 250 66 Our World, 79, 142 politics, See anarchism, conservatism, Marxism, Owen, Alun, 57, 123 parliament, socialism

362 Index

popular music, 4, 12, 102–3, 104–5 rape, 36, 57 ‘pop’/‘rock’ divide, 81, 115–16, 130–3 Rauschenberg, Robert, 137 Beatles’ role in, 3–4, 120, 154–5, 180–1 Rave (periodical), 10 contemporary critique, 119, 120, 129, Ray, Johnny, 201 169–70, 171, 172, 180, 185 Raymond’s Revue Bar, 175 standards, 124, 140 Reading, Bishop of (Eric Knell), 91 Porter, Cole, 123 Ready! Steady! Go!,91 Porton Down Research Centre, 94 Record Mirror, 10, 83 postmaterialism, 19, 182, 199 Rediffusion, 55 postmodernism, 15, 114 Rees-Davies, W. R., 166 poverty, 20, 80, 93, 184 Reeves, James, 145 Powell, Dilys, 95 Reid, Betty, 174 Powell, Enoch, 30 Reid, Jamie, 186 Prabhupāda, A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, 97 Reith Lectures, 78, 79 premarital sex, 30, 34, 35, 104, 173 Reith, Lord (John Reith), 143 Presley, Elvis, 21, 60, 74, 155, 201 Release (charity), 86 press, 46, 49, 55–6, 62–3, 81–2, 86, 91, 94, religion, xii, 7, 10, 27, 28, 30–1, 37, 39, 69–71, 98–101, 127–8, 144 85, 109, 147–8, 162, See also atheism, Price, Henry, 159 Buddhism, Catholic Church, Primal Scream Therapy, 194 Christianity, Church of England, Private Eye, 93, 142, 228 Congregational Church, Judaism, Proby, P. J., 103 Krishna Consciousness Movement, Procol Harum, 130 Methodist Church, New Age beliefs, Profumo Affair, 110, 111 secularisation, Transcendental progressive music, 131, 132, 133, 134–5 Meditation, Unitarian Church Prokofiev, Sergei, 146 Resurgence (journal), 186 Proops, Marjorie, 62, 108 Richard, Cliff, x, 18, 19, 21, 176, 201 prostitution, 32, 33, 35, 79, 108 Richards, Keith, 105, 177 psychedelia, See counterculture Richler, Mordecai, 66 psychiatry, 68, 69, 78 Richter, Dan, 187 psychoanalysis, 15, 45, 52, 59–60 Rishikesh, x, 91, 100, 184 psychology, 52, 58, 60, 66, 68, 69, 147, 196 Roberts, Keith, 126 public order, xii, 55–6, 159–60, See also Robinson, Ian, 140 delinquency rock, See popular music publicists, 49, 52, 83, 119, 122, 172 rock critics, 115, 127–30, 182–3 Pugh, Marshall, 53 Rodgers, Richard, 123 Punch, 10, 141, 144, 152 Rodgers, William, 165 punk, 186, 191 Rolling Stone, 79, 194, 195 Rolling Stones, The, 12, 14, 21, 46, 103, 105, Quant, Mary, 67, 78, 195 106, 132, 154, 175, 180, 201 Queen (magazine), 107 Rosemont, Franklin, 180, 181 Quennell, Joan, 160 Rosemont, Penelope, 180 Quoodle, 73 Rosenbaum, Maurice, 133 Ross, Diana, 201 race, See ethnicity Rowbotham, Sheila, 175 Race, Steve, 127 Roy, Harry, 201 Rachmaninov, Sergei, 149 Royal Air Force (RAF), 73 racism, 7, 35, 68, 93, 146, 176 Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes, 62 Radcliffe, Charles, 179, 180, 181, 183, 185, 187 Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Radio Free Europe, 67 Orchestra, 125 Radio Times, 128 Royal Shakespeare Company, 163 Ramsey, Ian T., 69, 70 Royal Society of Health, 85 Ranking, Duncan, 122 Russell, Bertrand, 178

Index 363

Russell, Lord (Edward Russell), 62 Simonelli, David, 11 Ryan, Nancy, 132 Simple, Peter, 95, 146 Sinatra, Frank, 201 Salvation Army, 85 Sing (magazine), 169 Samuel, Raphael, 179 Situationism, 183, 185, 186 Samuel, Viscount (Edwin Herbert Samuel), 163 Situationist International (SI), 185 Sandbrook, Dominic, 3, 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, Slaughter, Audrey, 96 20, 21, 22, 26, 82, 200 Smith, Michael, 141 Sargent, Malcolm, 134 Smiths, The, 201 Sargent, William, 68 Snow, C. P., 124 Sassoon, Vidal, 195 Snowden, Lord (Anthony Armstrong-Jones), satire, x–142, 157–9 63, 144 Savile, Jimmy, 46 Social Science Research Council (SSRC), 25, 45 Schneider, Matthew, 114 socialism, 146, 154, 189–92, 200 Schoenberg, Arnold, 135 utopian, 178–9 Schofield, Michael, 28 Socialist Challenge, 191 scholarship, 11–14, 15–22, 26, 28–9, 114–19, Socialist Labour League (SLL), 176, 189 152–3, 187–8, 195–7 Socialist Party of Great Britain (SPGB), 176, Schonfield, Victor, 135 179, 189 schools, 32, 38, 44, 51, 53–4, 56, 59–60, 93, 144, Socialist Standard, 179 158, 165, 181 SoHo Weekly News, 191 Schubert, Franz, 15, 133, 134, 135 Solanas, Valerie, 186 Schumacher, E. F., 186 Solidarity, 181 Schwitters, Kurt, 137 Soma (drug organisation), 86, 177 Scotland, 45 Soper, Donald, 69, 123, 126 Scott, Ronnie, 124 Sorensen, Lord (Reginald Sorensen), 167, 168 Scott-James, Anne, 70, 94, 98, 108 Souster, Tim, 130, 135 Scupham, John, 143, 144 Southwark, Bishop of (Mervyn Stockwood), Searle, Ronald, 138 109, 163, 263 Second World War, 73, 74, 95 Soviet Union, x, 152, 159, 168, 179, 186 secularisation, 25, 27, 31, 37, 43, 45, 69, 91, 196, Spare Rib, 175 199 Sparrow, John, 94, 108, 146, 147 Sellers, Peter, 69 Spectator, The, 10, 70, 73, 89, 128, 140 Sex Pistols, The, 144, 186, 201 Spence, Tom, 175, 176 sexual revolution, 21, 25, 27, 30, 31, 37, 43, 45, 194 Spender, Stephen, 139 sexuality, 57–60, 79, 102–4, 106–7, See also Spengler, Oswald, 146 extramarital sex, groupies, homosexu- Spice Girls, The, 201 ality, masturbation, nudity, obscenity, Spiegl, Fritz, 124, 125, 139, 140, 149 premarital sex Spock, Benjamin, 25 Shackleton, Lord (Edward Shackleton), 164 Springfield, Dusty, 12, 201 Shadows, The, 19, 201 Sproat, Iain, 191 Shakespeare, William, xii, 6, 121, 164 Star Trek, 201 Shapiro, Helen, x Star Wars, 201 Sharples, Ena, 73 Starkey, Zak, xvii Shaw, George Bernard, 137 Starr, Ringo, 158 Shaw, Roy, 145 acting career, 141, 176 Shawe-Taylor, Desmond, 92 class identity, 20 Sheffield, Rob, 17 films Shelley, Diana, 185 Candy, 141 Short, Don, 91, 96 The Magic Christian, 141, 176 Shotton, Pete, 74 health, x Shumway, David R., 5, 14 musicianship, 140 Silvester, Victor, 124 private life, xvii

364 Index

Starr, Ringo (cont.) Times, The, 9, 66, 70, 106, 113, 115, 120, 123, public image, 80, 82, 99, 101, 139 140, 141, 147, 164, 167, 177, 198 Steadman, Ralph, 138 Times Literary Supplement (TLS),10 Steele, Tommy, 66, 155, 169, 201 Topes, Spiggy, 142 Steiner, George, 8, 140, 146 Topic Records, 169 Stengel, Erwin, 68 Tornados, The, x Stephens, Julie, 182 Townshend, Pete, 105, 131, 178 Stock Exchange Council, 63 trade unions, 62, 87, 173, 177 Stockhausen, Karlheinz, 135 Tranmer, Jeremy, 153 Stonham, Lord (Victor John Collins), 167 Transcendental Meditation, xvi, 80, 86, 91, 92, Street, John, 189 94, 148, 176, 184 student radicalism, 18, 27, 30, 31, 32, 38, 43, 46, Tremeloes, The, 131 87, 93–5, 168, 172 Trevelyan, John, 33, 107 subcultures, 54, 132–3, 173, 179–80, 188, 201 Tribune,10 Suez Crisis, 196 Troops Out, 154 suicide, 33, 34 Trotskyism, 21, 172, 189, 194 Sukarno, President, 67 Turds, The, 100, 142 Sullivan, Arthur, 139 Turner, Big Joe, 140 Summerskill, Edith, 57 Turner, Steve, 98 Sun, The (newspaper), 10, 99 Tynan, Kenneth, 105, 113, 116, 117, 123, 139, Sunday Express,9,99 142, 171, 194 Sunday Night at the London Palladium, 186 Sunday Telegraph, 9, 64, 91 UK Data Archive, 10 Sunday Times, 10, 88, 91, 99, 100, 115, 128, 133, Unitarian Church, 167 140, 141, 142, 144 United States, the, xiii, 12, 46, 91, See also Supremes, The, 152 Americanisation Sutch, Screaming Lord, 153, 163 universities, See higher education Sutcliﬀe, Stuart, 129 Upper Clyde Shipbuilders work-in, 177 ‘Swinging London’, 67, 75, 116 Sylvester, David, 114, 126 Vaneigem, Raoul, 185 Victorianism, 45, 65, 67, 195, 196, 203 Take Your Pick, 186 Vietnam Solidarity Campaign (VSC), 88, 177 Tavener, John, 134 Vietnam War, 38, 83, 95, 172, 177 taxation, 152, 158, 160, 165–6 Vine, Ian, 180 Taylor, Charles, 160 Vines, Cheryl, 203 Taylor, Derek, xi, 86, 88, 90, 97, 108, 116, 128 visual art, 137–8 Taylor, Lord (Stephen Taylor), 164 Vogue, 67, 138 Teddy Boys (Teds), 180 Vox Pop, 144 Teeling, William, 166 Tessler, Holly, 14 Wagner, Richard, 4, 126, 135 thalidomide, 30 Wain, John, 123, 143 That Was The Week That Was, 228 Wald, Elijah, 14 Thatcher, Margaret, 167 Wales, 45 Thatcherism, 203 Walker, Denver, 177 The Sound of Music, 18, 19, 201 Walsh, Alan, 84, 87, 88, 90, 100, 106 The Use of English, 142 Walsh, Jeremy, 83 theatre, 136–7, 142 Walter, Nicholas, 182 Thomas, Dylan, 137 Ward, Colin, 182 Thompson, E. P., 169 Wardle, Irving, 107 Thomson, Alfred, 84 Warhol, Andy, 186 Thomson, Joanna, 100 Waring, Wes, 137 Tich (Stephen Amey), 132 Watkins, Peter, 178 Time, 67, 163 Watts, Alan, 8, 138, 182

Index 365

Waugh, Auberon, 53, 126 Wilson, Mary, 152 Waugh, Evelyn, 122 Winn, Godfrey, 94, 99, 110 Waugh, Liz, 175 Winn, Merrick, 57 Weber, Erin, 14 Winnicott, D. W., 52 Weber, Max, 15 Winwood, Steve, 180 Weeks, Jeﬀrey, 26 Wisdom, Norman, 164 Welch, Chris, 108 Wise, David, 187 Wenner, Jann, 118, 194, 195 Wolfenden Committee, 30, 35 Wesker, Arnold, 117, 145, 146 Womack, Kenneth, 114 West Germany, 8, 65, See also Hamburg Women’s Institute, 49 Westminster, Auxiliary Bishop of (Christopher women’s liberation, See feminism Butler), 109 women’s rights, 24, 25, 27, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, Westrup, Jack, 139 43, 44, 45, 175 Wham!, 201 Wonder, Stevie, 201 Whannel, Paddy, 120, 126, 170, 171 Wood, Michael, 79, 94, 123, 136 Whitehead, Peter, 195 Wooler, Bob, 51, 82 Whitehouse, Mary, 28, 35, 68, Wordsworth, William, 187 107 Workers’ Music Association, 169 Whitley, Ed, 114 World Cup Willie, 66 Who, The, 12, 180, 201 World Psychedelic Centre, 105 Widgery, David, 177, 178 Worsthorne, Peregrine, 64, 72, 92 Wiggin, Maurice, 88, 91, 142 Writers’ Guild, 164 Wilde, Marty, x, 155 Wyatt, Robert, 132 Wiles, Daniel, 88 Willett, John, 121, 136 X, Michael, 177, 178, 189, 191 Williams, Francis, 100 Williams, Kenneth, 117 Yardbirds, The, 164 Williams, Raymond, 170 Yates, Victor, 161 Williams, Richard, 149 Yippies, 178 Willis, Lord (Ted Willis), 160, 161, 163, 164, YouGov, 7 165, 166, 167, 190 Young Communist League (YCL), 170, 171, Willis, Paul, 132, 133 172, 178, 189 Wilson, A. N., 20, 22 Young, Michael, 163, 165 Wilson, Brian, 152 youth, See generation Wilson, Bryan, 65, 68, 108, 145 Wilson, Elizabeth, 175 Z Cars, 149 Wilson, Harold, xiv, xv, xvi, 25, 71, 87, 111, Zappa, Frank, 118 151, 152, 157, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165, Zapple, 127 166, 167, 189, 191, 200 Zec, Donald, 72, 90, 91